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Copyright of Magazin Istoric is the property of Fundatia Culturala Magazin Istoric and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Magazin Istoric is the property of Fundatia Culturala Magazin Istoric and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studii si Materiale de Istorie Medie is the property of Romanian Academy of Sciences, Nicolae Iorga Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The replacement of Church Slavonic and the adoption of the vernacular language by the Romanian Orthodox Church and later by the princely chancelleries of Wallachia and Moldavia is still a controversial question. The Slavonic, adopted by the Romanians in the Xth-XIIth centuries, was not understood by the common people and even by many priests, a situation similar to that of the Latin in the Catholic Church. Despite that, the priests (pop) used, as in the Western world, the sermons, the piety books (especially the Lives of the saints) and the images - especially the church paintings - to deliver the Christian doctrine. The invention of printing and the interest for reading in their maternal language of the bourgeois and noblemen contributed to the translation and diffusion of the sacred books in Romanian in the XVIth century, a process parallel and contemporary, but not totally dependent of the Reformation and the Counter (Catholic)-Reformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thanks to Serbian scholars, we now know that the beginnings of the Wallachian relations with the Athonite monastery of Hilandar do not date from 1492, as long thought, but from 1481, more precisely from the reign of Basarab IV the Young, also called the Little Impaler. Drawing on the previous researches of Bosko Bojovic, Petre Ş. Năsturel and Radu G. Păun, the author of this study focuses on the two visits made by the Wallachian prince to Constantinople in 1477-1478 and 1480-1481. Their aim was a political one: Basarab wanted Sultan Mehmed II's permission to conclude peace with the Hungarian king, Matthias Corvinus. It is our belief that during his stay in Constantinople Basarab has met Sultana Mara Brankovic, Murad Il's widow. Most likely, Mara introduced to Basarab a young girl, Maria, who was to become his wife and to be brought in Wallachia „from the Turks ... with reverence". Maria and her sister, Voica, who later married another Wallachian prince, Mihnea the Bad, were related to some great noble families, as the Zâpolya, the Hunyadi-Corvinus, and, most likely, the Serbian Brankovic and Jaksic. These family connections explain, in our opinion, why Maria was treated with so much respect and attention in 1479, when she was captured along with the Wallachian treasury by Basarab III the Old and placed under the protection of the Transylvanian voievod, Stephan Bâthory. Finally, this also explains why Sultana Mara transferred the patronage over the Hilandar monastery to Basarab the Little Impaler and, later on, to his foe and successor, Vlad the Monk. Vlad was Maria's second husband and their son, Vlad the Young was to reign over from 1510 to 1512. After the violent death of her sons - the first one, Danciu, Basarab's son, died in 1510, while the second, Vlad the Young, was killed in 1512 - Maria founded a church in Bucharest and then she took the monastic vows. She was still alive in 1520, but we do not know if she survived to see the death of her grandson, Vlad the Drowned (15301532). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magazin Istoric is the property of Fundatia Culturala Magazin Istoric and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Magazin Istoric is the property of Fundatia Culturala Magazin Istoric and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A famous and intrepid reporter, Albert Londres has visited Bucharest, Sofa and Tessaloniki in July and December 1915. His articles published in Petit Journal were occasioned by his mission on the Turkish front. In Romania, he has observed how the two coalitions are making strenuous attempts to convince the government to enter the war, on one side or the other. He noted the sympathy for the Entente and especially for France of the most part of the political class and public opinion, and the payments made by Germany to corrupt politicians or newspapers. In Bulgaria, the situation was not yet clear. Londres was just to remark that conquest of the entire Macedonia was the big issue which will determine how the government in Sofa will act. The third article describes how the city of Tessaloniki, the headquarters of general Sarrail, was full of German and Austrian spies, whose presence was enabled by the neutrality of Greece in that moment. The other subject of the study concerns some fragments of the memories of Gh. Jurgea- Negrileşti, about the Russian feet sent to Serbia through Reni and Galaţi in September 1914. Prince P. Urusov declared to that occasion that Russia had the intention to occupy the Danube from Galaţi to Cernavoda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses letters written by Romanian diplomat, author, and historian Georges Bengesco to his friend, French diplomat and author Alfred Chilhaud Dumaine. According to the author, these letters provide important information on the last years of Bengesco's life and cover topics including asking his friend for favors, his work including a book entitled "Correspondantes de Voltaire," World War I, and Dumaine's book "La dernière ambassade de France en Autriche. Notes et souvenirs."

Copyright of Magazin Istoric is the property of Fundatia Culturala Magazin Istoric and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)