3,454 results on '"CAMUS P"'
Search Results
2. JWST PRIMER: A lack of outshining in four normal z =4-6 galaxies from the ALMA-CRISTAL Survey
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Lines, N. E. P., Bowler, R. A. A., Adams, N. J., Fisher, R., Varadaraj, R. G., Nakazato, Y., Aravena, M., Assef, R. J., Birkin, J. E., Ceverino, D., da Cunha, E., Cullen, F., De Looze, I., Donnan, C. T., Dunlop, J. S., Ferrara, A., Grogin, N. A., Herrera-Camus, R., Ikeda, R., Koekemoer, A. M., Killi, M., Li, J., McLeod, D. J., McLure, R. J., Mitsuhashi, I., Pérez-González, P. G., Relano, M., Solimano, M., Spilker, J. S., Villanueva, V., and Yoshida, N.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present a spatially resolved analysis of four star-forming galaxies at $z = 4.44-5.64$ using data from the JWST PRIMER and ALMA-CRISTAL surveys to probe the stellar and inter-stellar medium properties on the sub-kpc scale. In the $1-5\,\mu{\rm m}$ JWST NIRCam imaging we find that the galaxies are composed of multiple clumps (between $2$ and $\sim 8$) separated by $\simeq 5\,{\rm kpc}$, with comparable morphologies and sizes in the rest-frame UV and optical. Using BAGPIPES to perform pixel-by-pixel SED fitting to the JWST data we show that the SFR ($\simeq 25\,{\rm M}_{\odot}/{\rm yr}$) and stellar mass (${\rm log}_{10}(M_{\star}/{\rm M}_{\odot}) \simeq 9.5$) derived from the resolved analysis are in close ($ \lesssim 0.3\,{\rm dex}$) agreement with those obtained by fitting the integrated photometry. In contrast to studies of lower-mass sources, we thus find a reduced impact of outshining of the older (more massive) stellar populations in these normal $z \simeq 5$ galaxies. Our JWST analysis recovers bluer rest-frame UV slopes ($\beta \simeq -2.1$) and younger ages ($\simeq 100\,{\rm Myr}$) than archival values. We find that the dust continuum from ALMA-CRISTAL seen in two of these galaxies correlates, as expected, with regions of redder rest-frame UV slopes and the SED-derived $A_{\rm V}$, as well as the peak in the stellar mass map. We compute the resolved IRX-$\beta$ relation, showing that the IRX is consistent with the local starburst attenuation curve and further demonstrating the presence of an inhomogeneous dust distribution within the galaxies. A comparison of the CRISTAL sources to those from the FirstLight zoom-in simulation of galaxies with the same $M_{\star}$ and SFR reveals similar age and colour gradients, suggesting that major mergers may be important in the formation of clumpy galaxies at this epoch., Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, plus 4 page appendix. Submitted to MNRAS
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- 2024
3. High Performance Simulation of Spaceborne Radar for Remote-Sensing Oceanography: Application to an Altimetry Scenario
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Monnier, Goulven, Camus, Benjamin, and Hellouvry, Yann-Hervé
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Physics - Geophysics - Abstract
In this paper, we detail the high-performance implementation of our spaceborne radar simulator for satellite oceanography. Our software simulates the sea surface and the signal to imitate, as far as possible, the measurement process, starting from its lowest level mechanisms. In this perspective, raw data are computed as the sum of many illuminated scatterers, whose time-evolving properties are related to the surface roughness, topography, and kinematics. To achieve efficient performance, we intensively use GPU computing. Moreover, we propose a fast simulation mode based on the assumption that the instantaneous Doppler spectrum within a range gate varies on a timescale significantly larger than the PRI. The sea surface can then be updated at a frequency much smaller than the PRF, drastically reducing the computational cost. When the surface is updated, Doppler spectra are computed for all range gates. Signals segments are then obtained through 1D inverse Fourier transforms and pondered to ensure a smooth time evolution between surface updates. We validate this fast simulation mode with a radar altimeter simulation case of the Sentinel-3 SRAL instrument, showing that simulated raw data can be focused and retrieved using state-of-the-art algorithms. Finally, we show that, using a modest hardware configuration, our simulator can generate enough data in one day to compute the SWH and SSH spectra of a scene. This demonstrate that we achieved an important state-of-the-art speed-up.
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- 2024
4. JWST Observations of Starbursts: Massive Star Clusters in the Central Starburst of M82
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Levy, Rebecca C., Bolatto, Alberto D., Mayya, Divakara, Cuevas-Otahola, Bolivia, Tarantino, Elizabeth, Boyer, Martha L., Boogaard, Leindert A., Böker, Torsten, Cronin, Serena A., Dale, Daniel A., Donaghue, Keaton, Emig, Kimberly L., Fisher, Deanne B., Glover, Simon C. O., Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Jiménez-Donaire, María J., Klessen, Ralf S., Lenkić, Laura, Leroy, Adam K., De Looze, Ilse, Meier, David S., Mills, Elisabeth A. C., Ott, Juergen, Relaño, Mónica, Veilleux, Sylvain, Villanueva, Vicente, Walter, Fabian, and van der Werf, Paul P.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present a near infrared (NIR) candidate star cluster catalog for the central kiloparsec of M82 based on new JWST NIRCam images. We identify star cluster candidates using the F250M filter, finding 1357 star cluster candidates with stellar masses $>10^4$ M$_\odot$. Compared to previous optical catalogs, nearly all (87%) of the candidates we identify are new. The star cluster candidates have a median intrinsic cluster radius of $\approx$1 pc and have stellar masses up to $10^6$ M$_\odot$. By comparing the color-color diagram to dust-free yggdrasil stellar population models, we estimate that the star cluster candidates have A$_{\rm V}\sim3-24$ mag, corresponding to A$_{\rm 2.5\mu m}\sim0.3-2.1$ mag. There is still appreciable dust extinction towards these clusters into the NIR. We measure the stellar masses of the star cluster candidates, assuming ages of 0 and 8 Myr. The slope of the resulting cluster mass function is $\beta=1.9\pm0.2$, in excellent agreement with studies of star clusters in other galaxies., Comment: Resubmitted to ApJL
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- 2024
5. The ALMA-CRISTAL Survey: Spatial extent of [CII] line emission in star-forming galaxies at $z=4-6$
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Ikeda, Ryota, Tadaki, Ken-ichi, Mitsuhashi, Ikki, Aravena, Manuel, De Looze, Ilse, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, González-López, Jorge, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Spilker, Justin, Barcos-Muñoz, Loreto, da Cunha, Elisabete, Davies, Rebecca, Díaz-Santos, Tanio, Ferrara, Andrea, Killi, Meghana, Lee, Lilian L., Li, Juno, Lutz, Dieter, Smit, Renske, Solimano, Manuel, Telikova, Kseniia, Übler, Hannah, Veilleux, Sylvain, and Villanueva, Vicente
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We investigate the spatial extent of the [CII] line emission in a sample of 34 galaxies at $z=4-6$ from the ALMA-CRISTAL Survey. By modeling the [CII] line emission in the visibility data directly, we derive the effective radius of [CII] line emission assuming exponential distribution. These measurements comprise not only isolated galaxies but also interacting systems, identified thanks to the high spatial resolution of the data. The [CII] line radius ranges from 0.5 to 3.5 kpc with an average value of 1.9 kpc. We compare the [CII] sizes with the sizes of UV and FIR continua, which were measured from the HST F160W and ALMA Band-7 continuum images, respectively. We confirm that the [CII] line emission is more spatially extended than the continuum emission, with average size ratios of $R_{e,[CII]}/R_{e,UV}=2.90$ and $R_{e,[CII]}/R_{e,FIR}=1.54$, although about half of the FIR-detected sample show comparable spatial extent between [CII] line and FIR continuum emission ($R_{e,[CII]}\approx R_{e, FIR}$). The residual visibility data of the best-fit model do not show evidence of flux excesses either individually or in stacking analysis. This indicates that the [CII] line emission in star-forming galaxies can be characterized by an extended exponential disk profile. Overall, our results suggest that the spatial extent of [CII] line emission can primarily be explained by photodissociation regions associated with star formation activity, while the contribution from diffuse neutral medium (atomic gas) and the effects of mergers may further expand the [CII] line distributions, causing their variations among our sample. We report the correlations between the [CII] line, dust, and Lya line properties, which may be in line with our scenario. Future 3D-analysis of Lya and Ha lines will shed light on the association of the extended [CII] line emission with atomic gas and outflows., Comment: Submitted to A&A, 21 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
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- 2024
6. Disk Turbulence and Star Formation Regulation in High$-z$ Main Sequence Analogue Galaxies
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Lenkić, Laura, Fisher, Deanne B., Bolatto, Alberto D., Teuben, Peter J., Levy, Rebecca C., Sun, Jiayi, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Glazebrook, Karl, Obreschkow, Danail, and Abraham, Roberto
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The gas-phase velocity dispersions in disk galaxies, which trace turbulence in the interstellar medium, are observed to increase with lookback time. However, the mechanisms that set this rise in turbulence are observationally poorly constrained. To address this, we combine kiloparsec-scale ALMA observations of CO(3-2) and CO(4-3) with HST observations of H$\alpha$ to characterize the molecular gas and star formation properties of seven local analogues of main sequence galaxies at $z \sim 1-2$, drawn from the DYNAMO sample. Investigating the ''molecular gas main sequence'' on kpc-scales, we find that galaxies in our sample are more gas-rich than local star-forming galaxies at all disk positions. We measure beam smearing corrected molecular gas velocity dispersions and relate them to the molecular gas and star formation rate surface densities. Despite being relatively nearby ($z \sim 0.1$), DYNAMO galaxies exhibit high velocity dispersions and gas and star formation rate surface densities throughout their disks, when compared to local star forming samples. Comparing these measurements to predictions from star formation theory, we find very good agreements with the latest feedback-regulated star formation models. However, we find that theories which combine gravitational energy dissipation from radial gas transport with feedback over-estimate the observed molecular gas velocity dispersions., Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
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- 2024
7. Continuation vs Discontinuation of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors Before Major Noncardiac Surgery
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Legrand, Matthieu, Falcone, Jérémy, Cholley, Bernard, Charbonneau, Hélène, Delaporte, Amélie, Lemoine, Adrien, Garot, Matthias, Joosten, Alexandre, Meistelman, Claude, Cheron-Leroy, Delphine, Rives, Jean-Philippe, Pastene, Bruno, Dewitte, Antoine, Sigaut, Stéphanie, Danguy des Deserts, Marc, Truc, Cyrille, Boisson, Matthieu, Lasocki, Sigismond, Cuvillon, Philippe, Schiff, Ugo, Jaber, Samir, Le Guen, Morgan, Caillard, Anaïs, Bar, Stéphane, Pereira de Souza Neto, Edmundo, Colas, Vincent, Dimache, Florin, Girardot, Thibaut, Jozefowicz, Elsa, Viquesnel, Simon, Berthier, Francis, Vicaut, Eric, Gayat, Etienne, MONZIOLS, Simon, DEFAYE, Mylene, CAMUS, Thibault, ROBIN, Jean-Jacques, OUATTARA, Alexandre, FETITA, Ioana, JOANNES-BOYAU, Olivier, BONNARDEL, Eline, BOUQUEREL, Rémi, STRZELECKI, Antoine, FAYON, Thibaut, PELLETIER, Christophe, LE GAILLARD, Benjamin, GIRARDOT, Thibaut, AMOUSSOU, Géraud, EL BOUYOUSFI, Maalik, GANASCIA, Bruno, BUTRULLE, Calliope, GERGAUD, Soizic, HABRIAL, Pierre, PESSIOT, Solène, SAMSON, Emmanuel, WOLFF, Caroline, STANKOVA, Nevena, AOUATI, Farida, KAVAFYAN, Juliette, SUPARSCHI, Vlad, LONGROIS, Dan, LE ROY, Julie, ROSSIGNOL, Benoit, HUET, Olivier, BOISSON, Christophe, BONNIN, Pierre Olivier, DHAOUADI, Mohamed, GARDES, Ghislaine, PERIN, Mikael, BRUNET, Sophie, GRICOURT, Yann, FISCHER, Marc-Olivier, DEBROCZI, Stéphane, RETOURNAY, Lucie, STRUB, Pierre, VIVIN, Patrice, DUPAYS, Rachel, KERFORNE, Thomas, VIANET, Gabriel, MANZANO, Virginie, NOLL, Eric, LUDES, Pierre-Olivier, CHAMARAUX-TRAN, Thien-Nga, CIRENEI, Cédric, HAMROUN, Djihad, LEBAS, Benoit, ANDRIEU, Grégoire ANDRIEU, ETIENNE, Vincent, CINOTTI, Raphaël, SIMON, Natacha, FRASCA, Denis, BELOEIL, Hélène, LE GALL, Amandine, TECHEV, Petyo, MEURET, Ludovic, JOFFRE, Jérémie, DUPONT, Hervé, CHARBIT, Beny, DAVY, Arthur, and LOBO, David
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Research ,Patient Safety ,Cardiovascular ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,6.4 Surgery ,Oral and gastrointestinal ,Good Health and Well Being ,Stop-or-Not Trial Group ,Medical and Health Sciences ,General & Internal Medicine ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
ImportanceBefore surgery, the best strategy for managing patients who are taking renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers) is unknown. The lack of evidence leads to conflicting guidelines.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a continuation strategy vs a discontinuation strategy of RASIs before major noncardiac surgery results in decreased complications at 28 days after surgery.Design, setting, and participantsRandomized clinical trial that included patients who were being treated with a RASI for at least 3 months and were scheduled to undergo a major noncardiac surgery between January 2018 and April 2023 at 40 hospitals in France.InterventionPatients were randomized to continue use of RASIs (n = 1107) until the day of surgery or to discontinue use of RASIs 48 hours prior to surgery (ie, they would take the last dose 3 days before surgery) (n = 1115).Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality and major postoperative complications within 28 days after surgery. The key secondary outcomes were episodes of hypotension during surgery, acute kidney injury, postoperative organ failure, and length of stay in the hospital and intensive care unit during the 28 days after surgery.ResultsOf the 2222 patients (mean age, 67 years [SD, 10 years]; 65% were male), 46% were being treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors at baseline and 54% were being treated with angiotensin receptor blockers. The rate of all-cause mortality and major postoperative complications was 22% (245 of 1115 patients) in the RASI discontinuation group and 22% (247 of 1107 patients) in the RASI continuation group (risk ratio, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.87-1.19]; P = .85). Episodes of hypotension during surgery occurred in 41% of the patients in the RASI discontinuation group and in 54% of the patients in the RASI continuation group (risk ratio, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.19-1.44]). There were no other differences in the trial outcomes.Conclusions and relevanceAmong patients who underwent major noncardiac surgery, a continuation strategy of RASIs before surgery was not associated with a higher rate of postoperative complications than a discontinuation strategy.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03374449.
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- 2024
8. GA-NIFS: Multi-phase outflows in a star-forming galaxy at $z \sim 5.5$
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Parlanti, Eleonora, Carniani, Stefano, Venturi, Giacomo, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Arribas, Santiago, Bunker, Andrew J., Charlot, Stephane, D'Eugenio, Francesco, Maiolino, Roberto, Perna, Michele, Übler, Hannah, Böker, Torsten, Cresci, Giovanni, Curti, Mirko, Jones, Gareth C., Lamperti, Isabella, and Zamora, Sandra
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Galactic outflows driven by star formation or active galactic nuclei are typically formed by multi-phase gas whose temperature spans over 4 orders of magnitude. Probing the different outflow components requires multi-wavelength observations and long exposure times, especially in the distant Universe. So far, most of the high-z studies have focused on a single gas phase, but this kind of analysis may potentially miss a non-negligible fraction of the total outflowing gas content. In this work, we analyze the spatially resolved rest-frame UV and optical emission from HZ4, the highest redshift main sequence star-forming galaxy having a detected [C II] outflow, which traces the neutral gas component. Our goal is to study the ionized interstellar medium in the galaxy and the properties of the ionized outflow as traced by the [O III]$\lambda$5007\r{A} and H$\alpha$ emission lines. We exploit JWST/NIRSpec observations in the integral field spectroscopy mode to investigate the galaxy properties by making use of the brightest rest-frame optical emission lines. Their high spectral and spatial resolution allows us to trace the ionized outflow from broad line wings and spatially resolve it. We also re-analyze the [C II] ALMA data to compare the neutral atomic and ionized outflow morphologies, masses, and energetics. We find that the system consists of a galaxy merger, instead of a rotating disk as originally inferred from low-resolution [C II] observations, and hosts an extended ionized outflow. The ionized outflow is being launched from a region hosting an intense burst of star formation and extends over 4 kpc from the launch site. The neutral and ionized outflows are almost co-spatial, but the mass loading factor in the ionized gas phase is two orders of magnitude smaller than in the neutral phase, as found for other lower redshift multi-phase outflows., Comment: 22 pages, 20 figures, submitted to A&A
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- 2024
9. Boltzman optical thermometry for cryogenics
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Zeman, Marek, Camus, Philippe, and Chanelière, Thierry
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
We propose and implement an optical technique to access the local temperature of an erbium doped crystal by probing the electron spin population under magnetic field. We reliably extract the sample temperature in the range 2-7K. We additionally discuss the suitability of our method as a primary standard for cryogenic thermometry. By adding an auxiliary heating laser, we are able to measure the interface conductance between the dielectric crystal and the cold plate of the cryostat by exploring different cooling configurations., Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures
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- 2024
10. A hidden AGN powering bright [O III] nebulae in a protocluster core at $z=4.5$ revealed by JWST
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Solimano, M., González-López, J., Aravena, M., Pampliega, B. Alcalde, Assef, R. J., Béthermin, M., Boquien, M., Bovino, S., Casey, C. M., Cassata, P., da Cunha, E., Davies, R. L., De Looze, I., Ding, X., Díaz-Santos, T., Faisst, A. L., Ferrara, A., Fisher, D. B., Förster-Schreiber, N. M., Fujimoto, S., Ginolfi, M., Gruppioni, C., Guaita, L., Hathi, N., Herrera-Camus, R., Ibar, E., Inami, H., Jones, G. C., Koekemoer, A. M., Lee, L., Li, J., Liu, D., Liu, Z., Molina, J., Ogle, P., Posses, A. C., Pozzi, F., Relaño, M., Riechers, D. A., Romano, M., Spilker, J., Sulzenauer, N., Telikova, K., Vallini, L., Vasan, K. G. C., Veilleux, S., Vergani, D., Villanueva, V., Wang, W., Yan, L., and Zamorani, G.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present new JWST/NIRSpec IFU observations of the J1000+0234 system at $z=4.54$, the dense core of a galaxy protocluster hosting a massive, dusty star forming galaxy (DSFG) with a low luminosity radio counterpart. The new data reveals two extended, high equivalent width (EW$_0 > 1000$ {\AA}) nebulae at each side of the DSFG disk along its minor axis (namely O3-N and O3-S). On one hand, O3-N's spectrum shows a prominent FWHM $\sim1300$ km s$^{-1}$ broad and blueshifted component, suggesting an outflow origin. On the other hand, O3-S stretches over parsec and has a velocity gradient that spans $800$ km s$^{-1}$ but no evidence of a broad component. Both sources, however, seem to be powered at least partially by an active galactic nucleus (AGN), so we classify them as extended emission-line regions (EELRs). The strongest evidence comes from the detection of the high-ionization [Ne V] $\lambda3427$ line toward O3-N, which paired with the non-detection of hard X-rays implies an obscuring column density above the Compton-thick regime. In O3-S, the [Ne V] line is not detected, but we measure a He II well above the expectation for star formation. We interpret this as O3-S being externally irradiated by the AGN, akin to the famous Hanny's Voorwerp object in the local Universe. In addition, more classical line ratio diagnostics (e.g. [O III]/H$\beta$ vs [N II]/H$\alpha$) put the DSFG itself in the AGN region of the diagrams, and hence the most probable host of the AGN. These results showcase the ability of JWST of unveiling highly obscured AGN at high redshifts., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures plus 5 appendices (incl. 3 extra figures and one table). Submitted to A&A on July 17th 2024
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- 2024
11. The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Dust temperature and physical conditions of the interstellar medium in a typical galaxy at z=5.66
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Villanueva, V., Herrera-Camus, R., Gonzalez-Lopez, J., Aravena, M., Assef, R. J., Baeza-Garay, Mauricio, Barcos-Muñoz, L., Bovino, S., Bowler, R. A. A., da Cunha, E., De Looze, I., Diaz-Santos, T., Ferrara, A., Foerster-Schreiber, N., Algera, H., Iked, R., Killi, M., Mitsuhashi, I., Naab, T., Relano, M., Spilker, J., Solimano, M., Palla, M., Price, S. H., Posses, A., Tadaki, K., Telikova, K., and Übler, H.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present new $\lambda_{\rm rest}=77$ $\mu$m dust continuum observations from the ALMA of HZ10 (CRISTAL-22), a dusty main-sequence galaxy at $z$=5.66 as part of the [CII] Resolved Ism in STar-forming Alma Large program, CRISTAL. The high angular resolution of the ALMA Band 7 and new Band 9 data($\sim{0}''.4$) reveals the complex structure of HZ10, which comprises two main components (HZ10-C and HZ10-W) and a bridge-like dusty emission between them (the Bridge). We model the dust spectral energy distribution (SED) to constrain the physical conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM) and its variations among the different components identified in HZ10. We find that HZ10-W (the more UV-obscured component) has an SED dust temperature of $T_{\rm SED}$$\sim$51.2$\pm13.1$ K; this is $\sim$5 K higher (although still consistent) than that of the central component and previous global estimations for HZ10. Our new ALMA data allow us to reduce by a factor of $\sim$2.3 the uncertainties of global $T_{\rm SED}$ measurements compared to previous studies. Interestingly, HZ10-W shows a lower [CII]/FIR ratio compared to the other two components (although still within the uncertainties), suggesting a harder radiation field destroying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon associated with [CII] emission (e.g., active galactic nuclei or young stellar populations). While HZ10-C appears to follow the tight IRX-$\beta_{\rm UV}$ relation seen in local UV-selected starburst galaxies and high-$z$ star-forming galaxies, we find that both HZ10-W and the Bridge depart from this relation and are well described by dust-screen models with holes in front of a hard UV radiation field. This suggests that the UV emission (likely from young stellar populations) is strongly attenuated in the more dusty components of the HZ10 system.
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- 2024
12. Robust Nitrogen and Oxygen Abundances of Haro 3 from Optical and Infrared Emission
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Chen, Yuguang, Jones, Tucker, Sanders, Ryan L., Fadda, Dario, Sutter, Jessica, Minchin, Robert, Prusinski, Nikolaus Z., Rhoades, Sunny, GC, Keerthi Vasan, Steidel, Charles C., Huntzinger, Erin, Kelly, Paige, Berg, Danielle A., Bresolin, Fabio, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Vaught, Ryan J. Rickards, Roberts-Borsani, Guido, Senchyna, Peter, Spilker, Justin S., Stark, Daniel P., Weiner, Benjamin, Martin, D. Christopher, Matuszewski, Mateusz, McGurk, Rosalie C., and Neill, James D.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Accurate chemical compositions of star-forming regions are a critical diagnostic tool to characterize the star formation history and gas flows which regulate galaxy formation. However, the abundance discrepancy factor (ADF) between measurements from the "direct" optical electron temperature ($T_e$) method and from the recombination lines (RL) represents $\sim0.2$ dex systematic uncertainty in oxygen abundance. The degree of uncertainty for other elements is unknown. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of O$^{++}$ and N$^+$ ion abundances using optical and far-infrared spectra of a star-forming region within the nearby dwarf galaxy Haro 3, which exhibits a typical ADF. Assuming homogeneous conditions, the far-IR emission indicates an O abundance which is higher than the $T_e$ method and consistent with the RL value, as would be expected from temperature fluctuations, whereas the N abundance is too large to be explained by temperature fluctuations. Instead a component of highly obscured gas is likely required to explain the high far-IR to optical flux ratios. Accounting for this obscured component reduces both the IR-based metallicities and the inferred magnitude of temperature fluctuations, such that they cannot fully explain the ADF in Haro 3. Additionally, we find potential issues when predicting the RL fluxes from current atomic data. Our findings underscore the critical importance of resolving the cause of abundance discrepancies and understanding the biases between different metallicity methods. This work represents a promising methodology, and we identify further approaches to address the current dominant uncertainties., Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, and 2 tables. Submitted to ApJ
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- 2024
13. GA-NIFS: Witnessing the complex assembly of a massive star-forming system at $z=5.7$
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Jones, Gareth C., Bunker, Andrew J., Telikova, Kseniia, Arribas, Santiago, Carniani, Stefano, Charlot, Stephane, D'Eugenio, Francesco, Maiolino, Roberto, Perna, Michele, Del Pino, Bruno Rodriguez, Ubler, Hannah, Willott, Chris, Aravena, Manuel, Boker, Torsten, Cresci, Giovanni, Curti, Mirko, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Lamperti, Isabella, Parlanti, Eleonora, Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo G., and Villanueva, Vicente
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present observations of the $z\sim5.7$ Lyman-break galaxy HZ10 with the JWST/NIRSpec IFU in high and low spectral resolution (G395H, $R\sim2700$ and PRISM, $R\sim100$, respectively), as part of the GA-NIFS program. By spatially resolving the source, we find evidence for three spatially and spectrally distinct regions of line emission along with one region of strong continuum emission, all within a projected distance of $<10$kpc. The R2700 data features strong detections in H$\beta$, [OIII]$\lambda\lambda4959{,}5007$, [NII]$\lambda\lambda6548{,}6584$, H$\alpha$, and [SII]$\lambda\lambda6716{,}6731$. The R100 data additionally contains a strong detection of the Ly$\alpha$ break, rest-UV continuum, and [OII]$\lambda\lambda3726{,}3729$. None of the detected lines present strong evidence for AGN excitation from line diagnostic diagrams, and no high-ionisation lines are detected. Using the detected lines, we constrain the electron density $\left( \rm \log_{10}\left( n_e / cm^{-3}\right)\sim2.5-3.3\right)$ and metallicity ($\sim0.5-0.7$ solar) in each component. Spaxel-by-spaxel fits of each cube reveal a strong east-west velocity gradient and significant line asymmetries (indicating tidal features or outflows). The western component features a very red UV slope ($\beta_{UV}\sim-1$) and significant H$\alpha$ emission, suggesting an evolved population and active star formation. From a comparison to high resolution [CII]$158\mu$m imaging obtained with the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA), we find that the continuum emitter is associated with a gas-poor stellar population. Altogether, these data suggest that HZ10 represents an ongoing merger, with a complex distribution of stars, gas, and dust $<1$Gyr after the Big Bang., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
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- 2024
14. Synthetic RAW data generator for ESA HARMONY mission
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Monnier, Goulven, Camus, Benjamin, Hellouvry, Yann-Hervé, Dubois, Pierre, and de Witte, Erik
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Physics - Geophysics - Abstract
In this paper, we introduce HEEPS/MARE, the end-to-end simulator developed for the SAR oceanographic products of ESA Earth Explorer 10 mission, Harmony, expected to launch in Decembre 2029. Harmony is primarily dedicated to the observation of small-scale motion and deformation fields of the Earth surface (oceans, glaciers and ice sheets, solid Earth), thanks to passive SAR/ATI receivers carried by two companion satellites for Sentinel-1. The paper focuses on the raw data generator designed to efficiently simulate large, heterogeneous, moving oceanic areas and produce the acquired SAR/ATI bistatic IQ signals. The heterogeneous sea-surface model, bistatic scattering model, multi-GPU implementation and achieved performance are emphasized. Finally, sample results are presented, to illustrate the ability of Harmony to map wind and surface current vectors at kilometric scale.
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- 2024
15. Training Deep Learning Models with Hybrid Datasets for Robust Automatic Target Detection on real SAR images
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Camus, Benjamin, Voillemin, Théo, Barbu, Corentin Le, Louvigné, Jean-Christophe, Belloni, Carole, and Vallée, Emmanuel
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
In this work, we propose to tackle several challenges hindering the development of Automatic Target Detection (ATD) algorithms for ground targets in SAR images. To address the lack of representative training data, we propose a Deep Learning approach to train ATD models with synthetic target signatures produced with the MOCEM simulator. We define an incrustation pipeline to incorporate synthetic targets into real backgrounds. Using this hybrid dataset, we train ATD models specifically tailored to bridge the domain gap between synthetic and real data. Our approach notably relies on massive physics-based data augmentation techniques and Adversarial Training of two deep-learning detection architectures. We then test these models on several datasets, including (1) patchworks of real SAR images, (2) images with the incrustation of real targets in real backgrounds, and (3) images with the incrustation of synthetic background objects in real backgrounds. Results show that the produced hybrid datasets are exempt from image overlay bias. Our approach can reach up to 90% of Average Precision on real data while exclusively using synthetic targets for training.
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- 2024
16. JWST Observations of Starbursts: Cold Clouds and Plumes Launching in the M82 Outflow
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Fisher, Deanne B., Bolatto, Alberto D., Chisholm, John, Fielding, Drummond, Levy, Rebecca C., Tarantino, Elizabeth, Boyer, Martha L., Cronin, Serena A., Lopez, Laura A., Smith, J. D., Berg, Danielle A., Lopez, Sebastian, Veilleux, Sylvain, van der Werf, Paul P., Böker, Torsten, Boogaard, Leindert A., Lenkić, Laura, Glover, Simon C. O., Villanueva, Vicente, Mayya, Divakara, Lai, Thomas S. -Y., Dale, Daniel A., Emig, Kimberly L., Walter, Fabian, Relaño, Monica, De Looze, Ilse, Mills, Elisabeth A. C., Leroy, Adam K., Meier, David S., Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, and Klessen, Ralf S.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
In this paper we study the filamentary substructure of 3.3 $\mu$m PAH emission from JWST/NIRCam observations in the base of the M82 star-burst driven wind. We identify plume-like substructure within the PAH emission with widths of $\sim$50 pc. Several of the plumes extend to the edge of the field-of-view, and thus are at least 200-300 pc in length. In this region of the outflow, the vast majority ($\sim$70\%) of PAH emission is associated with the plumes. We show that those structures contain smaller scale "clouds" with widths that are $\sim$5-15 pc, and they are morphologically similar to the results of "cloud-crushing" simulations. We estimate the cloud-crushing time-scales of $\sim$0.5-3 Myr, depending on assumptions. We show this time scale is consistent with a picture in which these observed PAH clouds survived break-out from the disk rather than being destroyed by the hot wind. The PAH emission in both the midplane and the outflow is shown to tightly correlate with that of Pa$\alpha$ emission (from HST/NICMOS data), at the scale of both plumes and clouds, though the ratio of PAH-to-Pa$\alpha$ increases at further distances from the midplane. Finally, we show that the outflow PAH emission is suppressed in regions of the M82 wind that are bright in X-ray emission. Overall, our results are broadly consistent with a picture in which cold gas in galactic outflows is launched via hierarchically structured plumes, and those small scale clouds are more likely to survive the wind environment when collected into the larger plume structure., Comment: Submitted to MNRAS
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- 2024
17. Social Self-Efficacy and Mental Well-Being in Autistic Adults: Exploring the Role of Social Identity
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Lorna Camus, Gnanathusharan Rajendran, and Mary Elizabeth Stewart
- Abstract
The double empathy problem proposes a lack of shared understanding between autistic and non-autistic people leads to interaction difficulties between them. Social self-efficacy (confidence in one's social abilities) makes an important contribution to social interactions. Research has shown that autistic people show a social identity (one's sense of self based on membership of social groups) with other autistic people, and this impacts positively on well-being. In addition, research shows that autistic people have a number of social identities. This study aims to understand whether social self-efficacy relates to mental well-being in autistic adults, and whether social identity plays a role in this relationship. A total of 512 autistic adults completed measures of social self-efficacy, social identity, mental well-being and autistic traits. In-group social self-efficacy was found to be higher than out-group social self-efficacy. Second, in-group social self-efficacy was positively associated with well-being. Finally, social identity did not mediate the relationships between social self-efficacy and mental well-being. These findings suggest social self-efficacy may relate to the nature of the group one interacts with. The findings support further research into the relationship between social self-efficacy and well-being, as well as using the double empathy problem as a framework for further investigations in other social groups.
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- 2024
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18. DUVET: Resolved direct metallicity measurements in the outflow of starburst galaxy NGC 1569
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Hamel-Bravo, Magdalena J., Fisher, Deanne B., Berg, Danielle, Björgvinsson, Bjarki, Bolatto, Alberto D., Cameron, Alex J., Chisholm, John, Fielding, Drummond B., Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Kacprzak, Glenn G., Li, Miao, Ciraulo, Barbara Mazzilli, McLeod, Anna F., McPherson, Daniel K., Nielsen, Nikole M., Chu, Bronwyn Reichardt, Vaught, Ryan J. Rickards, and Sandstrom, Karin
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present the results of direct-method metallicity measurements in the disk and outflow of the low-metallicity starburst galaxy NGC 1569. We use Keck Cosmic Web Imager observations to map the galaxy across 54$\arcsec$ (800 pc) along the major axis and 48$\arcsec$ (700 pc) along the minor axis with a spatial resolution of 1$\arcsec$ ($\sim$15 pc). We detect common strong emission lines ([\ion{O}{III}] $\lambda$5007, H$\beta$, [\ion{O}{II}] $\lambda$3727) and the fainter [\ion{O}{III}] $\lambda$4363 auroral line, which allows us to measure electron temperature ($T_e$) and metallicity. Theory suggests that outflows drive metals out of the disk driving observed trends between stellar mass and gas-phase metallicity. Our main result is that the metallicity in the outflow is similar to that of the disk, $Z_{\rm out} / Z_{\rm ISM} \approx 1$. This is consistent with previous absorption line studies in higher mass galaxies. Assumption of a mass-loading factor of $\dot{M}_{\rm out}/{\rm SFR}\sim3$ makes the metal-loading of NGC 1569 consistent with expectations derived from the mass-metallicity relationship. Our high spatial resolution metallicity maps reveal a region around a supermassive star cluster (SSC-B) with distinctly higher metallicity and higher electron density, compared to the disk. Given the known properties of SSC-B the higher metallicity and density of this region are likely the result of star formation-driven feedback acting on the local scale. Overall, our results are consistent with the picture in which metal-enriched winds pollute the circumgalactic medium surrounding galaxies, and thus connect the small-scale feedback processes to large-scale properties of galaxy halos., Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
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- 2024
19. A Comprehensive Review of Coastal Compound Flooding Literature
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Green, Joshua, Haigh, Ivan D., Quinn, Niall, Neal, Jeff, Wahl, Thomas, Wood, Melissa, Eilander, Dirk, de Ruiter, Marleen, Ward, Philip, and Camus, Paula
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Physics - Physics and Society ,Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Abstract
Compound flooding, where the combination or successive occurrence of two or more flood drivers leads to an extreme impact, can greatly exacerbate the adverse consequences associated with flooding in coastal regions. This paper reviews the practices and trends in coastal compound flood research methodologies and applications, as well as synthesizes key findings at regional and global scales. Systematic review is employed to construct a literature database of 271 studies relevant to compound flood hazards in a coastal context. This review explores the types of compound flood events, their mechanistic processes, and synthesizes the definitions and terms exhibited throughout the literature. Considered in the review are six flood drivers (fluvial, pluvial, coastal, groundwater, damming/dam failure, and tsunami) and five precursor events and environmental conditions (soil moisture, snow, temp/heat, fire, and drought). Furthermore, this review summarizes the trends in research methodology, examines the wide range of study applications, and considers the influences of climate change and urban environments. Finally, this review highlights the knowledge gaps in compound flood research and discusses the implications of review findings on future practices. Our five recommendations for future compound flood research are to: 1) adopt consistent definitions, terminology, and approaches; 2) expand the geographic coverage of research; 3) pursue more inter-comparison projects; 4) develop modelling frameworks that better couple dynamic earth systems; and 5) design urban and coastal infrastructure with compound flooding in mind. We hope this review will help to enhance understanding of compound flooding, guide areas for future research focus, and close knowledge gaps., Comment: 95 pages (Main Text 3-59, References 61-77, Appendix 77-95), 7 figures
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- 2024
20. The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Extended [CII] emission in an interacting galaxy system at z ~ 5.5
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Posses, A., Aravena, M., González-López, J., Schreiber, N. M. Förster, Liu, D., Lee, L., Solimano, M., Díaz-Santos, T., Assef, R. J., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Bovino, S., Bowler, R. A. A., Rivera, G. Calistro, da Cunha, E., Davies, R. L., Killi, M., De Looze, I., Ferrara, A., Fisher, D. B., Herrera-Camus, R., Ikeda, R., Lambert, T., Li, J., Lutz, D., Mitsuhashi, I., Palla, M., Relaño, M., Spilker, J., Naab, T., Tadaki, K., Telikova, K., Übler, H., van der Giessen, S., and Villanueva, V.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The ALMA [CII] Resolved Ism in STar-forming gALaxies (CRISTAL) survey is a Cycle 8 ALMA Large Programme that studies the cold gas component of high-redshift galaxies. Its sub-arcsecond resolution observations are key to disentangling physical mechanisms that shape galaxies during cosmic dawn. In this paper, we explore the morphology and kinematics of the cold gas, star-forming, and stellar components in the star-forming main-sequence galaxy CRISTAL-05/HZ3, at z = 5.54. Our analysis includes 0.3" spatial resolution (~2 kpc) ALMA observations of the [CII] line. While CRISTAL-05 was previously classified as a single source, our observations reveal that the system is a close interacting pair surrounded by an extended component of carbon-enriched gas. This is imprinted in the disturbed elongated [CII] morphology and the separation of the two components in the position-velocity diagram (~100 km/s). The central region is composed of two components, named C05-NW and C05-SE, with the former being the dominant one. A significant fraction of the [CII] arises beyond the close pair up to 10 kpc, while the regions forming new massive stars and the stellar component seem compact (r_[CII] ~ 4 r_UV), as traced by rest-frame UV and optical imaging obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope. Our kinematic model, using the DYSMALpy software, yields a minor contribution of dark matter of C05-NW within a radius of ~2x Reff. Finally, we explore the resolved [CII]/FIR ratios as a proxy for shock-heating produced by this merger. We argue that the extended [CII] emission is mainly caused by the merger, which could not be discerned with lower-resolution observations. Our work emphasizes the need for high-resolution observations to fully characterize the dynamic stages of infant galaxies and the physical mechanisms that drive the metal enrichment of the circumgalactic medium., Comment: Submitted to A&A - comments are welcome! - 19 pages, 13 figures
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- 2024
21. DUVET: sub-kiloparsec resolved star formation driven outflows in a sample of local starbursting disk galaxies
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Chu, Bronwyn Reichardt, Fisher, Deanne B., Chisholm, John, Berg, Danielle, Bolatto, Alberto, Cameron, Alex J., Fielding, Drummond B., Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Kacprzak, Glenn G., Li, Miao, McLeod, Anna F., McPherson, Daniel K., Nielsen, Nikole M., Vaught, Ryan Rickards, Ridolfo, Sophia G., and Sandstrom, Karin
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We measure resolved (kiloparsec-scale) outflow properties in a sample of 10 starburst galaxies from the DUVET sample, using Keck/KCWI observations of H$\beta$ and [OIII]~$\lambda$5007. We measure $\sim450$ lines-of-sight that contain outflows, and use these to study scaling relationships of outflow velocity ($v_{\rm out}$), mass-loading factor ($\eta$; mass outflow rate per SFR) and mass flux ($\dot{\Sigma}_{\rm out}$; mass outflow rate per area) with co-located SFR surface density ($\Sigma_{\rm SFR}$) and stellar mass surface density ($\Sigma_{\ast}$). We find strong, positive correlations of $\dot{\Sigma}_{\rm out} \propto \Sigma_{\rm SFR}^{1.2}$ and $\dot{\Sigma}_{\rm out} \propto \Sigma_{\ast}^{1.7}$. We also find shallow correlations between $v_{\rm out}$ and both $\Sigma_{\rm SFR}$ and $\Sigma_{\ast}$. Our resolved observations do not suggest a threshold in outflows with $\Sigma_{\rm SFR}$, but rather we find that the local specific SFR ($\Sigma_{\rm SFR}/\Sigma_\ast$) is a better predictor of where outflows are detected. We find that outflows are very common above $\Sigma_{\rm SFR}/\Sigma_\ast\gtrsim 0.1$~Gyr$^{-1}$ and rare below this value. We argue that our results are consistent with a picture in which outflows are driven by supernovae, and require more significant injected energy in higher mass surface density environments to overcome local gravity. The correlations we present here provide a statistically robust, direct comparison for simulations and higher redshift results from JWST., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, plus 4 figures in appendix, submitted to MNRAS
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- 2024
22. Modeling the mechanisms of antibody mixtures in viral infections: the cases of sequential homologous and heterologous dengue infections
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Dugourd-Camus, Charlotte, Ferreira, Claudia P., and Adimy, Mostafa
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Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods ,34C60, 34D05, 37N25, 92C40, 92C45 - Abstract
Antibodies play an essential role in the immune response to viral infections, vaccination, or antibody therapy. Nevertheless, they can be either protective or harmful during the immune response. Moreover, competition or cooperation between mixed antibodies can enhance or reduce this protective or harmful effect. Using the laws of chemical reactions, we propose a new approach to modeling the antigen-antibody complex activity. The resulting expression covers not only purely competitive or purely independent binding but also synergistic binding which, depending on the antibodies, can promote either neutralization or enhancement of viral activity. We then integrate this expression of viral activity in a within-host model and investigate the existence of steady-states and their asymptotic stability. We complete our study with numerical simulations to illustrate different scenarios: firstly, where both antibodies are neutralizing, and secondly, where one antibody is neutralizing and the other enhancing. The results indicate that efficient viral neutralization is associated with purely independent antibody binding, whereas strong viral activity enhancement is expected in the case of purely competitive antibody binding. Finally, data collected during a secondary dengue infection were used to validate the model. The data set includes sequential measurements of virus and antibody titers during viremia in patients. Data fitting shows that the two antibodies are in strong competition, as the synergistic binding is low. This contributes to the high levels of virus titers and may explain the Antibody-Dependent Enhancement phenomenon. Other applications of the model may be considered, such as the efficacy of vaccines and antibody-based therapies., Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures
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- 2024
23. Detailed study of a rare hyperluminous rotating disk in an Einstein ring 10 billion years ago
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Liu, Daizhong, Förster Schreiber, Natascha M., Harrington, Kevin C., Lee, Lilian L., Kamieneski, Patrick S., Davies, Richard I., Lutz, Dieter, Renzini, Alvio, Wuyts, Stijn, Tacconi, Linda J., Genzel, Reinhard, Burkert, Andreas, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Alcalde Pampliega, Belén, Vishwas, Amit, Kaasinen, Melanie, Wang, Q. Daniel, Jiménez-Andrade, Eric F., Lowenthal, James, Foo, Nicholas, Frye, Brenda L., Shangguan, Jinyi, Cao, Yixian, Agapito, Guido, Berbel, Alex Agudo, Barfety, Capucine, Baruffolo, Andrea, Berman, Derek, Black, Martin, Bonaglia, Marco, Briguglio, Runa, Carbonaro, Luca, Chapman, Lee, Chen, Jianhang, Cikota, Aleksandar, Concas, Alice, Cooper, Olivia, Cresci, Giovanni, Dallilar, Yigit, Deysenroth, Matthias, Di Antonio, Ivan, Di Cianno, Amico, Di Rico, Gianluca, Doelman, David, Dolci, Mauro, Eisenhauer, Frank, Espejo, Juan, Esposito, Simone, Fantinel, Daniela, Ferruzzi, Debora, Feuchtgruber, Helmut, Gao, Xiaofeng, Garcia Diaz, Carlos, Gillessen, Stefan, Grani, Paolo, Hartl, Michael, Henry, David, Huber, Heinrich, Jolly, Jean-Baptiste, Keller, Christoph U., Kenworthy, Matthew, Kravchenko, Kateryna, Lee, Minju M., Lightfoot, John, Lunney, David, Macintosh, Mike, Mannucci, Filippo, Ott, Thomas, Pascale, Massimo, Pastras, Stavros, Pearson, David, Puglisi, Alfio, Pulsoni, Claudia, Rabien, Sebastian, Rau, Christian, Riccardi, Armando, Salasnich, Bernardo, Shimizu, Taro, Snik, Frans, Sturm, Eckhard, Taylor, William, Valentini, Angelo, Waring, Christopher, Wiezorrek, Erich, Xompero, Marco, and Yun, Min S.
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- 2024
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24. Large time behaviour for the heat equation on $\Z,$ moments and decay rates
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Abadias, Luciano, González-Camus, Jorge, Miana, Pedro J., and Pozo, Juan C.
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,Mathematics - Dynamical Systems ,Mathematics - Functional Analysis ,35B40, 35A08, 33C10, 39A12 - Abstract
The paper is devoted to understand the large time behaviour and decay of the solution of the discrete heat equation in the one dimensional mesh $\Z$ on $\ell^p$ spaces, and its analogies with the continuous-space case. We do a deep study of the moments of the discrete gaussian kernel (which is given in terms of Bessel functions), in particular the mass conservation principle; that is reflected on the large time behaviour of solutions. We prove asymptotic pointwise and $\ell^p$ decay results for the fundamental solution. We use that estimates to get rates on the $\ell^p$ decay and large time behaviour of solutions. For the $\ell^2$ case, we get optimal decay by use of Fourier techniques., Comment: pp 25
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- 2024
25. JWST Observations of Starbursts: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission at the Base of the M 82 Galactic Wind
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Bolatto, Alberto D., Levy, Rebecca C., Tarantino, Elizabeth, Boyer, Martha L., Fisher, Deanne B., Leroy, Adam K., Cronin, Serena A., Klessen, Ralf S., Smith, J. D., Berg, Dannielle A., Boeker, Torsten, Boogaard, Leindert A., Ostriker, Eve C., Thompson, Todd A., Ott, Juergen, Lenkic, Laura, Lopez, Laura A., Dale, Daniel A., Veilleux, Sylvain, van der Werf, Paul P., Glover, Simon C. O., Sandstrom, Karin M., Skillman, Evan D., Chisholm, John, Villanueva, Vicente, Lai, Thomas S. -Y., Lopez, Sebastian, Mills, Elisabeth A. C., Emig, Kimberly L., Armus, Lee, Maya, Divakara, Meier, David S., De Looze, Ilse, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Walter, Fabian, Relano, Monica, Koziol, Hannah B., Marvil, Joshua, Jimenez-Donaire, Maria J., and Martini, Paul
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present new observations of the central 1 kpc of the M 82 starburst obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) near-infrared camera (NIRCam) instrument at a resolution ~0.05"-0.1" (~1-2 pc). The data comprises images in three mostly continuum filters (F140M, F250M, and F360M), and filters that contain [FeII] (F164N), H2 v=1-0 (F212N), and the 3.3 um PAH feature (F335M). We find prominent plumes of PAH emission extending outward from the central starburst region, together with a network of complex filamentary substructure and edge-brightened bubble-like features. The structure of the PAH emission closely resembles that of the ionized gas, as revealed in Paschen alpha and free-free radio emission. We discuss the origin of the structure, and suggest the PAHs are embedded in a combination of neutral, molecular, and photoionized gas., Comment: Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal
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- 2024
26. The ALMA-CRISTAL survey. Discovery of a 15 kpc-long gas plume in a $z=4.54$ Lyman-$\alpha$ blob
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Solimano, M., González-López, J., Aravena, M., Herrera-Camus, R., De Looze, I., Schreiber, N. M. Förster, Spilker, J., Tadaki, K., Assef, R. J., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Davies, R. L., Díaz-Santos, T., Ferrara, A., Fisher, D. B., Guaita, L., Ikeda, R., Johnston, E. J., Lutz, D., Mitsuhashi, I., Moya-Sierralta, C., Relaño, M., Naab, T., Posses, A. C., Telikova, K., Übler, H., van der Giessen, S., and Villanueva, V.
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Massive star-forming galaxies in the high-redshift universe host large reservoirs of cold gas in their circumgalactic medium (CGM). Traditionally, these reservoirs have been linked to diffuse H I Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha)$ emission extending beyond $\approx 10$ kpc scales. In recent years, millimeter/submillimeter observations are starting to identify even colder gas in the CGM through molecular and/or atomic tracers such as the [C II] $158\,\mu$m transition. In this context, we study the well-known J1000+0234 system at $z=4.54$ that hosts a massive dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG), a UV-bright companion, and a Ly$\alpha$ blob. We combine new ALMA [C II] line observations taken by the CRISTAL survey with data from previous programs targeting the J1000+0234 system, and achieve a deep view into a DSFG and its rich environment at a 0.2" resolution. We identify an elongated [C II]-emitting structure with a projected size of 15 kpc stemming from the bright DSFG at the center of the field, with no clear counterpart at any other wavelength. The plume is oriented $\approx 40^{\circ}$ away from the minor axis of the DSFG, and shows significant spatial variation of its spectral parameters. In particular, the [C II] emission shifts from 180 km/s to 400 km/s between the bottom and top of the plume, relative to the DSFG's systemic velocity. At the same time, the line width starts at 400-600 km/s but narrows down to 190 km/s at top end of the plume. We discuss four possible scenarios to interpret the [C II] plume: a conical outflow, a cold accretion stream, ram pressure stripping, and gravitational interactions. While we cannot strongly rule out any of these with the available data, we disfavor the ram pressure stripping scenario due to the requirement of special hydrodynamic conditions., Comment: 17 pages (14 main text, 2 for references and 1 appendix page), 7 figures and 4 tables. Submitted to A&A
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- 2024
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27. Probabilistic learning of the Purkinje network from the electrocardiogram
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Álvarez-Barrientos, Felipe, Salinas-Camus, Mariana, Pezzuto, Simone, and Costabal, Francisco Sahli
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Statistics - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ,Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods - Abstract
The identification of the Purkinje conduction system in the heart is a challenging task, yet essential for a correct definition of cardiac digital twins for precision cardiology. Here, we propose a probabilistic approach for identifying the Purkinje network from non-invasive clinical data such as the standard electrocardiogram (ECG). We use cardiac imaging to build an anatomically accurate model of the ventricles; we algorithmically generate a rule-based Purkinje network tailored to the anatomy; we simulate physiological electrocardiograms with a fast model; we identify the geometrical and electrical parameters of the Purkinje-ECG model with Bayesian optimization and approximate Bayesian computation. The proposed approach is inherently probabilistic and generates a population of plausible Purkinje networks, all fitting the ECG within a given tolerance. In this way, we can estimate the uncertainty of the parameters, thus providing reliable predictions. We test our methodology in physiological and pathological scenarios, showing that we are able to accurately recover the ECG with our model. We propagate the uncertainty in the Purkinje network parameters in a simulation of conduction system pacing therapy. Our methodology is a step forward in creation of digital twins from non-invasive data in precision medicine. An open source implementation can be found at http://github.com/fsahli/purkinje-learning, Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures
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- 2023
28. Bile Duct Segmentation Methods Under 3D Slicer Applied to ERCP: Advantages and Disadvantages
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Essamlali, Abdelhadi, Millot-Maysounabe, Vincent, Chartier, Marion, Salin, Grégoire, Becq, Aymeric, Arrivé, Lionel, Camus, Marine Duboc, Szewczyk, Jérôme, and Claude, Isabelle
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing - Abstract
This article presents an evaluation of biliary tract segmentation methods used for 3D reconstruction, which may be very usefull in various critical interventions, such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), using the 3D Slicer software. This article provides an assessment of biliary tract segmentation techniques employed for 3D reconstruction, which can prove highly valuable in diverse critical procedures like endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) through the utilization of 3D Slicer software. Three different methods, namely thresholding, flood filling, and region growing, were assessed in terms of their advantages and disadvantages. The study involved 10 patient cases and employed quantitative indices and qualitative evaluation to assess the segmentations obtained by the different segmentation methods against ground truth. The results indicate that the thresholding method is almost manual and time-consuming, while the flood filling method is semi-automatic and also time-consuming. Although both methods improve segmentation quality, they are not reproducible. Therefore, an automatic method based on region growing was developed to reduce segmentation time, albeit at the expense of quality. These findings highlight the pros and cons of different conventional segmentation methods and underscore the need to explore alternative approaches, such as deep learning, to optimize biliary tract segmentation in the context of ERCP.
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- 2023
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29. The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Widespread dust-obscured star formation in typical star-forming galaxies at z=4-6
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Mitsuhashi, Ikki, Tadaki, Ken-ichi, Ikeda, Ryota, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Aravena, Manuel, De Looze, Ilse, Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster, González-López, Jorge, Spilker, Justin, Assef, Roberto J., Bouwens, Rychard, Barcos-Munoz, Loreto, Birkin, Jack, Bowler, Rebecca A. A., Rivera, Gabriela Calistro, Davies, Rebecca, Da Cunha, Elisabete, Díaz-Santos, Tanio, Ferrara, Andrea, Fisher, Deanne, Lee, Lilian L., Li, Juno, Lutz, Dieter, Relaño, Monica, Naab, Thorsten, Palla, Marco, Posses, Ana, Solimano, Manuel, Tacconi, Linda, Übler, Hannah, van der Giessen, Stefan, and Veilleux, Sylvain
- Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present the morphological parameters and global properties of dust-obscured star formation in typical star-forming galaxies at z=4-6. Among 26 galaxies composed of 20 galaxies observed by the Cycle-8 ALMA Large Program, CRISTAL, and six galaxies from archival data, we have individually detected rest-frame 158$\mu$m dust continuum emission from 19 galaxies, nine of which are reported for the first time. The derived far-infrared luminosities are in the range $\log_{10} L_{\rm IR}\,[L_{\odot}]=$10.9-12.4, an order of magnitude lower than previously detected massive dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). The average relationship between the fraction of dust-obscured star formation ($f_{\rm obs}$) and the stellar mass is consistent with previous results at z=4-6 in a mass range of $\log_{10} M_{\ast}\,[M_{\odot}]\sim$9.5-11.0 and show potential evolution from z=6-9. The individual $f_{\rm obs}$ exhibits a significant diversity, and it shows a correlation with the spatial offset between the dust and the UV continuum, suggesting the inhomogeneous dust reddening may cause the source-to-source scatter in $f_{\rm obs}$. The effective radii of the dust emission are on average $\sim$1.5 kpc and are $\sim2$ times more extended than the rest-frame UV. The infrared surface densities of these galaxies ($\Sigma_{\rm IR}\sim2.0\times10^{10}\,L_{\odot}\,{\rm kpc}^{-2}$) are one order of magnitude lower than those of DSFGs that host compact central starbursts. On the basis of the comparable contribution of dust-obscured and dust-unobscured star formation along with their similar spatial extent, we suggest that typical star-forming galaxies at z=4-6 form stars throughout the entirety of their disks.
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- 2023
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30. Effects of constant and spatially varying higher-order dispersions on spatial solitons in PT-symmetric optical media under the alternative complex potentials
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Abdou, Boubakary, II Ndzana, Fabien, Latchio Tiofack, Camus Gaston, and Mohamadou, Alidou
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- 2024
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31. Selective haematological cancer eradication with preserved haematopoiesis
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Garaudé, Simon, Marone, Romina, Lepore, Rosalba, Devaux, Anna, Beerlage, Astrid, Seyres, Denis, Dell’ Aglio, Alessandro, Juskevicius, Darius, Zuin, Jessica, Burgold, Thomas, Wang, Sisi, Katta, Varun, Manquen, Garret, Li, Yichao, Larrue, Clément, Camus, Anna, Durzynska, Izabela, Wellinger, Lisa C., Kirby, Ian, Van Berkel, Patrick H., Kunz, Christian, Tamburini, Jérôme, Bertoni, Francesco, Widmer, Corinne C., Tsai, Shengdar Q., Simonetta, Federico, Urlinger, Stefanie, and Jeker, Lukas T.
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- 2024
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32. Effect of weak nonlocal nonlinearity on generalized sixth-order dispersion modulational instability in optical media
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Tabi, Conrad B., Latchio Tiofack, Camus G., Tagwo, Hippolyte, and Kofané, Timoléon C.
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- 2024
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33. Autistic Traits and Psychosocial Predictors of Depressive Symptoms
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Camus, Lorna, Jones, Kirsty, O’Dowd, Emily, Auyeung, Bonnie, Rajendran, Gnanathusharan, and Stewart, Mary Elizabeth
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- 2024
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34. High dust content of a quiescent galaxy at z~2 revealed by deep ALMA observation
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Lee, Minju M., Steidel, Charles C., Brammer, Gabriel, Förster-Schreiber, Natascha, Renzini, Alvio, Liu, Daizhong, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Naab, Thorsten, Price, Sedona H., Übler, Hannah, Arriagada, Sebastián, and Magdis, Georgios
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We report the detection of cold dust in an apparently quiescent massive galaxy ($\log({M_{\star}/M_{\odot}})\approx11$) at $z\sim2$ (G4). The source is identified as a serendipitous 2 mm continuum source in a deep ALMA observation within the field of Q2343-BX610, a $z=2.21$ massive star-forming disk galaxy. Available multi-band photometry of G4 suggests redshift of $z\sim2$ and a low specific star-formation rate (sSFR), $\log(SFR/M_{\star}) [yr^{-1}] \approx -10.2$, corresponding to $\approx1.2$ dex below the $z=2$ main sequence (MS). G4 appears to be a peculiar dust-rich quiescent galaxy for its stellar mass ($\log({M_{\rm dust}/M_{\star}}) = -2.71 \pm 0.26$), with its estimated mass-weighted age ($\sim$ 1-2 Gyr). We compile $z\gtrsim1$ quiescent galaxies in the literature and discuss their age-$\Delta$MS and $\log({M_{\rm dust}/M_{\star}})$-age relations to investigate passive evolution and dust depletion scale. A long dust depletion time and its morphology suggest morphological quenching along with less efficient feedback that could have acted on G4. The estimated dust yield for G4 further supports this idea, requiring efficient survival of dust and/or grain growth, and rejuvenation (or additional accretion). Follow-up observations probing the stellar light and cold dust peak are necessary to understand the implication of these findings in the broader context of galaxy evolutionary studies and quenching in the early universe., Comment: Resubmitted to MNRAS after minor revision, key figures are Fig. 6 & 9
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- 2023
35. Observing the LMC with APEX: Signatures of Large-scale Feedback in the Molecular Clouds of 30 Doradus
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Grishunin, Konstantin, Weiss, Axel, Colombo, Dario, Chevance, Mélanie, Chen, C. -H. Rosie, Güsten, Rolf, Rubio, Mónica, Hunt, Leslie K., Wyrowski, Friedrich, Harrington, Kevin, Menten, Karl M., and Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Stellar feedback plays a crucial role in star formation and the life cycle of molecular clouds. The intense star formation region 30 Doradus, which is located in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), is a unique target for detailed investigation of stellar feedback owing to the proximity of the hosting galaxy and modern observational capabilities that together allow us to resolve individual molecular clouds $-$ nurseries of star formation. We study the impact of large-scale feedback on the molecular gas using the new observational data in the $^{12}$CO(3$-$2) line obtained with the APEX telescope. Our data cover an unprecedented area of 13.9 sq. deg. of the LMC disc with a spatial resolution of 5 pc and provide an unbiased view on the molecular clouds in the galaxy. Using this data, we locate molecular clouds in the disc of the galaxy, estimate their properties such as the areal number density, relative velocity and separation, width of the line profile, CO-line luminosity, size, virial mass and compare these properties between the clouds of 30 Doradus and those in the rest of the LMC disc. We find that compared with the rest of the observed molecular clouds in the LMC disc, those in 30 Doradus show the highest areal number density; they are spatially more clustered, move faster with respect to each other and feature larger linewidths. In parallel, we do not find statistically significant differences in such properties as the CO-line luminosity, size, and virial mass between the clouds of 30 Doradus and the rest of the observed field. We interpret our results as signatures of gas dispersal and fragmentation due to high-energy large-scale feedback., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 13 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
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- 2023
36. CUTE: A Cryogenic Underground TEst Facility at SNOLAB
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Camus, Philippe, Corbett, Jonathan, Crawford, Sean, Dering, Koby, Fascione, Eleanor, Gerbier, Gilles, Germond, Richard, Ghaith, Muad, Hall, Jeter, Hong, Ziqing, Kubik, Andrew, Mayer, Adam, Nagorny, Serge, Pakarha, Payam, Rau, Wolfgang, Scorza, Silvia, and Underwood, Ryan
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
Low-temperature cryogenics open the door for a range of interesting technologies based on features like superconductivity and superfluidity, low-temperature phase transitions or the low heat capacity of non-metals in the milli-Kelvin range. Devices based on these technologies are often sensitive to small energy depositions as can be caused by environmental radiation. The Cryogenic Underground TEst facility (CUTE) at SNOLAB is a platform for testing and operating cryogenic devices in an environment with low levels of background. The large experimental chamber ($\mathcal{O}$(10) L) reaches a base temperature of $\sim$12 mK; it can hold a payload of up to $\sim$20 kg and provides a radiogenic background event rate as low as a few events/kg/keV/day in the energy range below about 100 keV, as well as a negligible muon rate ($\mathcal{O}$(1)/month). CUTE was designed and built in the context of the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment (SuperCDMS) which uses cryogenic detectors to search for interactions of dark matter particles with ordinary matter. The facility has been used to test SuperCDMS detectors since its commissioning in 2019. In 2021, it was handed over to SNOLAB to become a SNOLAB user facility after the completion of the testing of detectors for SuperCDMS. The facility will be available for projects that benefit from these special conditions, based on proposals assessed for their scientific and technological merits. This article describes the main design features and operating parameters of CUTE., Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures; published in Frontiers in Physics Changes since V1: minor adjustments to be consistent with journal version (minor changes in language for improved clarity; expanded section 11; minor changes to figures 1, 2, 3, 7 and 10)
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- 2023
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37. [CII] Spectral Mapping of the Galactic Wind and Starbursting Disk of M82 with SOFIA
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Levy, Rebecca C., Bolatto, Alberto D., Tarantino, Elizabeth, Leroy, Adam K., Armus, Lee, Emig, Kimberly L., Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Marrone, Daniel P., Mills, Elisabeth, Ricken, Oliver, Stutzki, Juergen, Veilleux, Sylvain, and Walter, Fabian
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
M82 is an archetypal starburst galaxy in the local Universe. The central burst of star formation, thought to be triggered by M82's interaction with other members in the M81 group, is driving a multiphase galaxy-scale wind away from the plane of the disk that has been studied across the electromagnetic spectrum. Here, we present new velocity-resolved observations of the [CII] 158$\mu$m line in the central disk and the southern outflow of M82 using the upGREAT instrument onboard SOFIA. We also report the first detections of velocity-resolved ($\Delta V = 10$ km s$^{-1}$) [CII] emission in the outflow of M82 at projected distances of $\approx1-2$ kpc south of the galaxy center. We compare the [CII] line profiles to observations of CO and HI and find that likely the majority ($>55$%) of the [CII] emission in the outflow is associated with the neutral atomic medium. We find that the fraction of [CII] actually outflowing from M82 is small compared to the bulk gas outside the midplane (which may be in a halo or tidal streamers), which has important implications for observations of [CII] outflows at higher redshift. Finally, by comparing the observed ratio of the [CII] and CO intensities to models of photodissociation regions, we estimate that the far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation field in the disk is $\sim10^{3.5}~G_0$, in agreement with previous estimates. In the outflow, however, the FUV radiation field is 2-3 orders of magnitudes lower, which may explain the high fraction of [CII] arising from the neutral medium in the wind., Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
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- 2023
38. DUVET Survey: Mapping Outflows in the Metal-Poor Starburst Mrk 1486
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McPherson, Daniel K., Fisher, Deanne B., Nielsen, Nikole M., Kacprzak, Glenn G., Chu, Bronwyn Reichardt, Cameron, Alex J., Bolatto, Alberto D., Chisholm, John, Fielding, Drummond B., Berg, Danielle, Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo, Li, Miao, Vaught, Ryan J. Rickards, and Sandstrom, Karin
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We present a method to characterize star-formation driven outflows from edge-on galaxies and apply this method to the metal-poor starburst galaxy, Mrk 1486. Our method uses the distribution of emission line flux (from H$\beta$ and [OIII] 5007) to identify the location of the outflow and measure the extent above the disk, the opening angle, and the transverse kinematics. We show that this simple technique recovers a similar distribution of the outflow without requiring complex modelling of line-splitting or multi-Gaussian components, and is therefore applicable to lower spectral resolution data. In Mrk 1486 we observe an asymmetric outflow in both the location of the peak flux and total flux from each lobe. We estimate an opening angle of $17-37^{\circ}$ depending on the method and assumptions adopted. Within the minor axis outflows, we estimate a total mass outflow rate of $\sim2.5$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, which corresponds to a mass loading factor of $\eta=0.7$. We observe a non-negligible amount of flux from ionized gas outflowing along the edge of the disk (perpendicular to the biconical components), with a mass outflow rate $\sim0.9$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. Our results are intended to demonstrate a method that can be applied to high-throughput, low spectral resolution observations, such as narrow band filters or low spectral resolution IFS that may be more able to recover the faint emission from outflows., Comment: 12 Pages, 6 Figures
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- 2023
39. Implementing national care guidelines in local authorities in England and Wales: a theory-of-change
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Annette Bauer, Annette Boaz, Erica Breuer, Ties Hoomans, Sarah Jasim, Martin Knapp, Joaquín Mayorga Camus, and Juliette Malley
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Theory-of-change ,Participatory ,Theory-informed ,Implementation ,Evaluation ,National guidelines ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The delivery of high-quality services in chronically underfunded social or long-term care systems is a major challenge internationally. National guidelines, developed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, set out how local authorities in England and Wales should fund and provide care based on best available evidence. Theoretical and participatory approaches can usefully inform the design and evaluation of implementation strategies for guidelines. The aim of the study is to develop a Theory-of-Change for how the implementation of these guidelines is expected to lead to impacts from a local authority perspective. Methods As part of a comparative case study (The ‘Valuing Care Guidelines’ study; February 2022 to April 2024) with three local authority sites in England and Wales, we involved altogether 17 participants in two Theory-of-Change online workshops per site, each of 2 hours. Additional data gathered from the same participants as part of the overall study were used to conceptualise and enrich information from the workshops. Results Participants described the Theory-of-Change map as follows: A wide range of activities (categorised in stages of ‘pre-implementation’, ‘implementation’, ‘sustainment and scaling’) and skills were required to implement guidelines, and achieve long-term organisational sustainability and service delivery outcomes, leading to final impacts for service users and carers. Participants described a co-creation implementation model, led by ‘Implementation Support Practitioners’, who utilised relational skills to achieve motivation, trust, and confidence at different organisational levels, addressing contextual barriers such as inadequate staffing, lack of resources and of organisational support systems. Consistent use of guidelines by frontline staff could only be achieved if the value of guideline implementation was promoted widely, and if consideration was given to the roles of stakeholders, such as the inspection body, local health care providers, users and carers. Conclusions Our study is the first to investigate the implementation of national social care guidelines by local authorities in England and Wales. It generates insights that can guide implementation practice as well as inform the evaluation of future implementation strategies.
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- 2024
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40. Deciphering resistance mechanisms in cancer: final report of MATCH-R study with a focus on molecular drivers and PDX development
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Damien Vasseur, Ludovic Bigot, Kristi Beshiri, Juan Flórez-Arango, Francesco Facchinetti, Antoine Hollebecque, Lambros Tselikas, Mihaela Aldea, Felix Blanc-Durand, Anas Gazzah, David Planchard, Ludovic Lacroix, Noémie Pata-Merci, Catline Nobre, Alice Da Silva, Claudio Nicotra, Maud Ngo-Camus, Floriane Braye, Sergey I. Nikolaev, Stefan Michiels, Gérôme Jules-Clement, Ken André Olaussen, Fabrice André, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Fabrice Barlesi, Santiago Ponce, Jean-Charles Soria, Benjamin Besse, Yohann Loriot, and Luc Friboulet
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Cancer ,Metastatic ,Resistance ,PDX ,Targeted therapy ,Biopsy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Understanding the resistance mechanisms of tumor is crucial for advancing cancer therapies. The prospective MATCH-R trial (NCT02517892), led by Gustave Roussy, aimed to characterize resistance mechanisms to cancer treatments through molecular analysis of fresh tumor biopsies. This report presents the genomic data analysis of the MATCH-R study conducted from 2015 to 2022 and focuses on targeted therapies. Methods The study included resistant metastatic patients (pts) who accepted an image-guided tumor biopsy. After evaluation of tumor content (TC) in frozen tissue biopsies, targeted NGS (10 30%) were performed before and/or after the anticancer therapy. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) were established by implanting tumor fragments into NOD scid gamma mice and amplified up to five passages. Results A total of 1,120 biopsies were collected from 857 pts with the most frequent tumor types being lung (38.8%), digestive (16.3%) and prostate (14.1%) cancer. Molecular targetable driver were identified in 30.9% (n = 265/857) of the patients, with EGFR (41.5%), FGFR2/3 (15.5%), ALK (11.7%), BRAF (6.8%), and KRAS (5.7%) being the most common altered genes. Furthermore, 66.0% (n = 175/265) had a biopsy at progression on targeted therapy. Among resistant cases, 41.1% (n = 72/175) had no identified molecular mechanism, 32.0% (n = 56/175) showed on-target resistance, and 25.1% (n = 44/175) exhibited a by-pass resistance mechanism. Molecular profiling of the 44 patients with by-pass resistance identified 51 variants, with KRAS (13.7%), PIK3CA (11.8%), PTEN (11.8%), NF2 (7.8%), AKT1 (5.9%), and NF1 (5.9%) being the most altered genes. Treatment was tailored for 45% of the patients with a resistance mechanism identified leading to an 11 months median extension of clinical benefit. A total of 341 biopsies were implanted in mice, successfully establishing 136 PDX models achieving a 39.9% success rate. PDX models are available for EGFR (n = 31), FGFR2/3 (n = 26), KRAS (n = 18), ALK (n = 16), BRAF (n = 6) and NTRK (n = 2) driven cancers. These models closely recapitulate the biology of the original tumors in term of molecular alterations and pharmacological status, and served as valuable models to validate overcoming treatment strategies. Conclusion The MATCH-R study highlights the feasibility of on purpose image guided tumor biopsies and PDX establishment to characterize resistance mechanisms and guide personalized therapies to improve outcomes in pre-treated metastatic patients. Graphical Abstract
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- 2024
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41. Terahertz conductivity mapping of thin films on smart textiles
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Alexander Jäckel, Maximilian L. Hupfer, Enrique Castro-Camus, Daniel M. Mittleman, Gabriele Schmidl, Annett Gawlik, Jonathan Plentz, and Martin Koch
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Smart textiles that promise to become sensors and actuators for multiple applications are an active area of research. Conductive textiles formed by coating a fabric with a conductive film will play a key role in such applications. Here we present contactless mapping of the terahertz (THz) conductivity of thin conductive films deposited on textiles. These conductivity maps enable non-destructive assessment of the conductivity of such layers and therefore the identification and localization of non-uniformities in local conductivity. The THz measurements are quantitatively consistent with four-point probe measurements of the same areas.
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- 2024
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42. Electrical response and biodegradation of Sepia melanin-shellac films printed on paper
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Anthony Camus, Shinhyeong Choe, Camille Bour-Cardinal, Joaquin Isasmendi, Yongjun Cho, Youngju Kim, Cristian Vlad Irimia, Cigdem Yumusak, Mihai Irimia-Vladu, Denis Rho, Jaewook Myung, and Clara Santato
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Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Abstract Sepia melanin, a biopigment extracted from the ink sac of cuttlefish, is relevant to sustainable organic electronics. In this work, we flexographically print films from an ink of Sepia melanin including shellac as a bio-sourced binder on silver electrode-patterned paper. We examine the electrical response in high humidity and ambient conditions (here the electronic conductivity is as high as 10−4 S/cm). Additionally, we study the biodegradation of the printed films and their individual constituents based on their mineralization into CO2 under composting conditions. The printed films exhibit biodegradation levels of about 97 ± 25% in 85 d. We observe microorganism colonization on the printed film’s surface. The analysis of the microbial community on the compost reveals that bacterial species within the Acidimicrobiia class, specifically Actinomarinales order, are potentially responsible for the biodegradation of the printed film. Meanwhile, ecotoxicity tests conducted by germinating Lolium multiflorum and Tagetes erecta suggest that printed films have negligible phytotoxicity.
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- 2024
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43. Factors associated with cancer treatment resumption after ICU stay in patients with solid tumors
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Soraya Benguerfi, Ondine Messéant, Benoit Painvin, Christophe Camus, Adel Maamar, Arnaud Gacouin, Charles Ricordel, Jean Reignier, Emmanuel Canet, Julien Edeline, and Jean-Marc Tadié
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Neoplasms ,Intensive care unit ,Cancer treatment ,Outcome ,Solid tumors ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Abstract Background Post-intensive care syndrome could be responsible for inability to receive proper cancer treatment after ICU stay in patients with solid tumors (ST). Our purpose was to determine the factors associated with cancer treatment resumption and the impact of cancer treatment on the outcome of patients with ST after ICU stay. Methods We conducted a retrospective study including all patients with ST admitted to the ICU between 2014 and 2019 in a French University-affiliated Hospital. Results A total of 219 patients were included. Median SAPS II at ICU admission was 44.0 [IQR 32.8, 66.3]. Among the 136 patients who survived the ICU stay, 81 (59.6%) received cancer treatment after ICU discharge. There was an important increase in patients with poor performance status (PS) of 3 or 4 after ICU stay (16.2% at admission vs. 44.5% of patients who survived), with significant PS decline following the ICU stay (median difference − 1.5, 95% confidence interval [-1.5-1.0], p
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- 2024
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44. Rubin Observatory LSST Stars Milky Way and Local Volume Star Clusters Roadmap
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Usher, Christopher, Dage, Kristen C., Girardi, Léo, Barmby, Pauline, Bonatto, Charles J., Chies-Santos, Ana L., Clarkson, William I., Camus, Matias Gómez, Hartmann, Eduardo A., Ferguson, Annette M. N., Pieres, Adriano, Prisinzano, Loredana, Rhode, Katherine L., Rich, R. Michael, Ripepi, Vincenzo, Santiago, Basilio, Stassun, Keivan G., Street, R. A., Szabó, Róbert, Venuti, Laura, Zaggia, Simone, Canossa, Marco, Floriano, Pedro, Lopes, Pedro, Miranda, Nicole L., Oliveira, Raphael A. P., Reina-Campos, Marta, Roman-Lopes, A., and Sobeck, Jennifer
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics - Abstract
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will undertake the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, providing an unprecedented, volume-limited catalog of star clusters in the Southern Sky, including Galactic and extragalactic star clusters. The Star Clusters subgroup of the Stars, Milky Way and Local Volume Working Group has identified key areas where Rubin Observatory will enable significant progress in star cluster research. This roadmap represents our science cases and preparation for studies of all kinds of star clusters from the Milky Way out to distances of tens of megaparsecs., Comment: accepted to PASP
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- 2023
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45. Effect of weak nonlocal nonlinearity on generalized sixth-order dispersion modulational instability in optical media
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Tabi, Conrad B., Tiofack, Camus G. Latchio, Tagwo, Hippolyte, and Kofané, Timoléon C.
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Physics - Optics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons - Abstract
This paper analyzes the behaviors of solitons in even higher-order dispersive media and explores the modulational instability phenomenon in optical media. The analysis considers quadratic, quartic, and sextic dispersions with weakly nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity. The results show that nonlocality enhances the MI gain and leads to rogue waves in response to different combinations of even dispersions and nonlocal nonlinearity. The study suggests that Kerr nonlocality can enhance the excitation of extreme events in even higher-order dispersive nonlinear media with potential applications in optical fibers and fiber lasers.
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- 2023
46. Cold plasma endoscopy applied to biliary ducts: feasibility risk assessment on human-like and porcine models for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma
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Decauchy, Henri, Pavy, Allan, Camus, Marine, Fouassier, Laura, and Dufour, Thierry
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Physics - Medical Physics ,Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
For the past twelve years, cold plasmas have been positioned as a breakthrough technology for treating cancer thanks to their antitumor properties. The innovation of ad hoc plasma sources and personalized protocols appears crucial to treat cancers with a very poor prognosis. This is the case for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) , whose treatment with cold plasma requires the innovation of catheters and endoscopic devices for local therapies. Before conducting clinical trials, the performances and limitations of cold plasma endoscopy must be evaluated in terms of safety for both the patient and clinician as well as in terms of therapeutic efficacy. These objectives are pursued in the present work, in which a transferred plasma catheter is used, powered by 8-10 kV, 5-10 kHz repeated pulses, allowing guided streamers to be transferred over lengths of at least 2 m. In a first step, the catheter is directly inserted into an artificial model reproducing the topography and the electrical response of the biliary tree. This model allows to validate the technical feasibility of the technology and to demonstrate the absence of electrical and thermal risks. In a second step, the catheter is inserted into the duodenoscope, the whole being applied to a porcine anatomical model. After passing through the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, the distal part of the duodenoscope is placed at the entrance to the papilla so that the catheter can easily enter the choledoc and then the common bile duct. Interestingly, the electrical power values deposited are of the order of 100 mW especially because the current values are at least 10 times higher. The absence of electrical and thermal risks is demonstrated and consolidated by the IEC standards for medical devices. In a third time, we demonstrate that the cold plasma catheter can induce antitumor effects on in vitro experimental models of human CCA.
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- 2023
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47. Evidence for Large-scale, Rapid Gas Inflows in z~2 Star-forming Disks
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Genzel, R., Jolly, J. -B., Liu, D., Price, S. H., Lee, L. L., Schreiber, N. M. Förster, Tacconi, L. J., Herrera-Camus, R., Barfety, C., Burkert, A., Cao, Y., Davies, R. I., Dekel, A., Lee, M. M., Lutz, D., Naab, T., Neri, R., Shachar, A. Nestor, Pastras, S., Pulsoni, C., Renzini, A., Schuster, K., Shimizu, T. T., Stanley, F., Sternberg, A., and Übler, H.
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
We report high-quality H${\alpha}$/CO, imaging spectroscopy of nine massive (log median stellar mass = 10.65 $M_{\odot}$), disk galaxies on the star-forming, main sequence (henceforth `SFGs'), near the peak of cosmic galaxy evolution ($z\sim$1.1-2.5), taken with the ESO-Very Large Telescope, IRAM-NOEMA and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We fit the major axis position-velocity cuts with beam-convolved, forward models with a bulge, a turbulent rotating disk, and a dark matter (DM) halo. We include priors for stellar and molecular gas masses, optical light effective radii and inclinations, and DM masses from our previous rotation curve analyses of these galaxies. We then subtract the inferred 2D model-galaxy velocity and velocity dispersion maps from those of the observed galaxies. We investigate whether the residual velocity and velocity dispersion maps show indications for radial flows. We also carry out kinemetry, a model-independent tool for detecting radial flows. We find that all nine galaxies exhibit significant non-tangential flows. In six SFGs, the inflow velocities ($v_r\sim$30-90 km s$^{-1}$, 10%-30% of the rotational component) are along the minor axis of these galaxies. In two cases the inflow appears to be off the minor axis. The magnitudes of the radial motions are in broad agreement with the expectations from analytic models of gravitationally unstable, gas-rich disks. Gravitational torques due to clump and bar formation, or spiral arms, drive gas rapidly inward and result in the formation of central disks and large bulges. If this interpretation is correct, our observations imply that gas is transported into the central regions on ~10 dynamical time scales., Comment: 31 pages, 27 figures, 3 tables. The Astrophysical Journal in press
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- 2023
48. Implementing national care guidelines in local authorities in England and Wales: a theory-of-change
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Bauer, Annette, Boaz, Annette, Breuer, Erica, Hoomans, Ties, Jasim, Sarah, Knapp, Martin, Camus, Joaquín Mayorga, and Malley, Juliette
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- 2024
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49. Deciphering resistance mechanisms in cancer: final report of MATCH-R study with a focus on molecular drivers and PDX development
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Vasseur, Damien, Bigot, Ludovic, Beshiri, Kristi, Flórez-Arango, Juan, Facchinetti, Francesco, Hollebecque, Antoine, Tselikas, Lambros, Aldea, Mihaela, Blanc-Durand, Felix, Gazzah, Anas, Planchard, David, Lacroix, Ludovic, Pata-Merci, Noémie, Nobre, Catline, Da Silva, Alice, Nicotra, Claudio, Ngo-Camus, Maud, Braye, Floriane, Nikolaev, Sergey I., Michiels, Stefan, Jules-Clement, Gérôme, Olaussen, Ken André, André, Fabrice, Scoazec, Jean-Yves, Barlesi, Fabrice, Ponce, Santiago, Soria, Jean-Charles, Besse, Benjamin, Loriot, Yohann, and Friboulet, Luc
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- 2024
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50. Terahertz conductivity mapping of thin films on smart textiles
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Jäckel, Alexander, Hupfer, Maximilian L., Castro-Camus, Enrique, Mittleman, Daniel M., Schmidl, Gabriele, Gawlik, Annett, Plentz, Jonathan, and Koch, Martin
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
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