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185 results on '"CADAVID, A. C."'

2. Heating Mechanisms for Intermittent Loops in Active Region Cores from AIA/SDO EUV Observations

Author

Cadavid, A. C., Lawrence, J. K., Christian, D. J., Jess, D. B., and Nigro, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate intensity variations and energy deposition in five coronal loops in active region cores. These were selected for their strong variability in the AIA/SDO 94 {\AA} intensity channel. We isolate the hot Fe XVIII and Fe XXI components of the 94 {\AA} and 131 {\AA} by modeling and subtracting the "warm" contributions to the emission. HMI/SDO data allow us to concentrate on "inter-moss" regions in the loops. The detailed evolution of the inter-moss intensity time series reveals loops that are impulsively heated in a mode compatible with a nanoflare storm, with a spike in the hot 131 {\AA} signals leading and the other five EUV emission channels following in progressive cooling order. A sharp increase in electron temperature tends to follow closely after the hot 131 {\AA} signal confirming the impulsive nature of the process. A cooler process of growing emission measure follows more slowly. The Fourier power spectra of the hot 131 {\AA} signals, when averaged over the five loops, present three scaling regimes with break frequencies at (0.1/min) and (0.7/min). The low frequency regime corresponds to 1/f noise; the intermediate indicates a persistent scaling process and the high frequencies show white noise. Very similar results are found for the energy dissipation in a 2-D "hybrid" shell model of loop magneto-turbulence, based on reduced magnetohydrodynamics, which is compatible with nanoflare statistics. We suggest that such turbulent dissipation is the energy source for our loops., Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures

Published
2014
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3. Observed Effect of Magnetic Fields on the Propagation of Magnetoacoustic Waves in the Lower Solar Atmosphere

Author

Lawrence, J. K. and Cadavid, A. C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We study Hinode/SOT-FG observations of intensity fluctuations in Ca II H-line and G-band image sequences and their relation to simultaneous and co-spatial magnetic field measurements. We explore the G-band and H-line intensity oscillation spectra both separately and comparatively via their relative phase differences, time delays and cross-coherences. In the non-magnetic situations, both sets of fluctuations show strong oscillatory power in the 3 - 7 mHz band centered at 4.5 mHz, but this is suppressed as magnetic field increases. A relative phase analysis gives a time delay of H-line after G-band of 20\pm1 s in non-magnetic situations implying a mean effective height difference of 140 km. The maximum coherence is at 4 - 7 mHz. Under strong magnetic influence the measured delay time shrinks to 11 s with the peak coherence near 4 mHz. A second coherence maximum appears between 7.5 - 10 mHz. Investigation of the locations of this doubled-frequency coherence locates it in diffuse rings outside photospheric magnetic structures. Some possible interpretations of these results are offered., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures

Published
2012
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4. Rapid Fluctuations in the Lower Solar Atmosphere

Author

Lawrence, J. K., Cadavid, A. C., Christian, D. J., Jess, D. B., and Mathioudakis, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The Rapid Oscillations in the Solar Atmosphere (ROSA) instrument reveals solar atmospheric fluctuations at high frequencies. Spectra of variations of the G-band intensity (IG) and CaII K-line intensity (IK) show correlated fluctuations above white noise to frequencies beyond 300 mHz and 50 mHz, respectively. The noise-corrected G-band spectrum for f = 28 - 326 mHz shows a power law with exponent -1.21 \pm, 0.02, consistent with the presence of turbulent motions. G-band spectral power in the 25 - 100 mHz ("UHF") range is concentrated at the locations of magnetic bright points in the intergranular lanes and is highly intermittent in time. The intermittence of the UHF G-band fluctuations, shown by a positive kurtosis {\kappa}, also suggests turbulence. Combining values of IG, IK, UHF power, and {\kappa}, reveals two distinct states of the solar atmosphere. State 1, including almost all the data, is characterized by low IG, IK, and UHF power and {\kappa} \approx 6. State 2, including only a very small fraction of the data, is characterized by high IG, IK, and UHF power and {\kappa} \approx 3. Superposed epoch analysis shows that the UHF power peaks simultaneously with spatio-temporal IG maxima in either state. For State 1, IK shows 3.5 min chromospheric oscillations with maxima occurring 21 s after IG maxima implying a 150 - 210 km effective height difference. However, for State 2 the IK and IG maxima are simultaneous; in this highly magnetized environment sites of G-band and K-line emission may be spatially close together., Comment: Accepted by Astrophysical Journal Letters

Published
2011
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5. Space-Time Distribution of G-Band and Ca II H-Line Intensity Oscillations in Hinode/SOT-FG Observations

Author

Lawrence, J. K. and Cadavid, A. C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the space-time distributions of intensity fluctuations in 2 - 3 hour sequences of multi-spectral, high-resolution, high-cadence broad-band filtergram images (BFI) made by the SOT-FG system aboard the Hinode spacecraft. In the frequency range 5.5 < f < 8.0 mHz both G-band and Ca II H-line oscillations are suppressed in the presence of magnetic fields, but the suppression disappears for f > 10 mHz. By looking at G-band frequencies above 10 mHz we find that the oscillatory power, both at these frequencies and at lower frequencies too, lies in a mesh pattern with cell scale 2 - 3 Mm, clearly larger than normal granulation, and with correlation times on the order of hours. The mesh pattern lies in the dark lanes between stable cells found in time-integrated G-band intensity images. It also underlies part of the bright pattern in time-integrated H-line emission. This discovery may reflect dynamical constraints on the sizes of rising granular convection cells together with the turbulence created in strong intercellular downflows., Comment: 24 pages, 15 figures

Published
2009
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6. Rotational quasi periodicities and the Sun - heliosphere connection

Author

Lawrence, J. K., Cadavid, A. C., and Ruzmaikin, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Mutual quasi-periodicities near the solar-rotation period appear in time series based on the Earth's magnetic field, the interplanetary magnetic field, and signed solar-magnetic fields. Dominant among these is one at 27.03 +/- 0.02 days that has been highlighted by Neugebauer, et al. 2000, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 2315. Extension of their study in time and to different data reveals decadal epochs during which the ~ 27.0 day, a ~ 28.3 day, or other quasi-periods dominate the signal. Space-time eigenvalue analyses of time series in 30 solar latitude bands, based on synoptic maps of unsigned photospheric fields, lead to two maximally independent modes that account for almost 30% of the data variance. One mode spans 45 degrees of latitude in the northern hemisphere and the other one in the southern. The modes rotate around the Sun rigidly, not differentially, suggesting connection with the subsurface dynamo. Spectral analyses yield familiar dominant quasi periods 27.04 +/- 0.03 days in the North and at 28.24 +/- 0.03 days in the South. These are replaced during cycle 23 by one at 26.45 +/- 0.03 days in the North. The modes show no tendency for preferred longitudes separated by ~ 180 degrees., Comment: 22 pages including 10 figures

Published
2008
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7. Principal Components and Independent Component Analysis of Solar and Space Data

Author

Cadavid, A. C., Lawrence, J. K., and Ruzmaikin, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) are used to identify global patterns in solar and space data. PCA seeks orthogonal modes of the two-point correlation matrix constructed from a data set. It permits the identification of structures that remain coherent and correlated or which recur throughout a time series. ICA seeks for maximally independent modes and takes into account all order correlations of the data. We apply PCA to the interplanetary-magnetic-field polarity near one AU and to the 3.25R source-surface fields in the solar corona. The rotations of the two-sector structures of these systems vary together to high accuracy during the active interval of solar cycle 23. We then use PCA and ICA to hunt for preferred longitudes in northern hemisphere, Carrington maps of magnetic fields., Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures

Published
2007
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8. Masses and Interactions of q-Fermionic Knots

Author

Finkelstein, Robert J. and Cadavid, A. C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

The q-electroweak theory suggests a description of elementary particles as solitons labelled by the irreducible representations of SU_q(2). Since knots may also be labelled by the irreducible representations of SU_q(2), we study a model of elementary particles based on a one-to-one correspondence between the four families of Fermions (leptons, neutrinos, (-1/3) quarks, (2/3) quarks) and the four simplest knots (trefoils). In this model the three particles of each family are identified with the ground and first two excited states of their common trefoil. Guided by the standard electroweak theory we calculate conditions restricting the masses of the fermions and the interactions between them. In its present form the model predicts a fourth generation of fermions as well as a neutrino spectrum. The same model with q almost equal to 1 is compatible with the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix. Depending on the test of these predictions, the model may be refined., Comment: 40 pages, 2 figures, latex format

Published
2005
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9. Mesogranulation and Turbulence in Photospheric Flows

Author

Lawrence, J. K., Cadavid, A. C., and Ruzmaikin, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Below the scale of supergranules we find that cellular flows are present in the solar photosphere at two distinct size scales, approximately 2 Mm and 4 Mm, with distinct characteristic times. Simultaneously present in the flow is a non-cellular component, with turbulent scaling properties and containing 30% of the flow energy. These results are obtained by means of wavelet spectral analysis and modeling of vertical photospheric motions in a 2-hour sequence of 120 SOHO/MDI, high resolution, Doppler images near disk center. The wavelets permit detection of specific local flow patterns corresponding to convection cells., Comment: Accepted for Solar Physics. 16 pages including 7 figures

Published
2001
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10. Spatio-Temporal Scaling of Solar Surface Flows

Author

Lawrence, J. K., Cadavid, A. C., Ruzmaikin, A., and Berger, T. E.

Subjects
Astrophysics, Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

The Sun provides an excellent natural laboratory for nonlinear phenomena. We use motions of magnetic bright points on the solar surface, at the smallest scales yet observed, to study the small scale dynamics of the photospheric plasma. The paths of the bright points are analyzed within a continuous time random walk framework. Their spatial and temporal scaling suggest that the observed motions are the walks of imperfectly correlated tracers on a turbulent fluid flow in the lanes between granular convection cells., Comment: Now Accepted by Physical Review Letters

Published
2001
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12. General Relativistic Solitons (II)

Author

Cadavid, A. C. and Fikelstein, R. J.

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We investigate the possible existence of non-topological solitons in string-like theories, or in other completions of Einstein theory, by examining a simple extension of standard theory that describes a non-linear scalar field interacting with the Einstein, Maxwell and Weyl (dilaton) fields. The Einstein and Maxwell couplings are standard while the dilatonic coupling is taken to agree with string models. The non-linear scalar potential is quite general. It is found to be impossible to satisfy the dilatonic boundary conditions. Excluding the dilaton field we find a variety of solitonic structures differing in ways that depend on the non-linear potential. In general the excited states exhibit a discrete mass spectrum. At large distances the gravitational field approaches the Reissner-Nordstrom solution., Comment: TEX, 22 pages, 5 figures

Published
1998
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13. Dyonic Black Holes and Related Solitons

Author

Cadavid, A. C. and Finkelstein, R. J.

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

There is a growing literature on dyonic black holes as they appear in string theory. Here we examine the correspondence limit of a dyonic black hole which is not supersymmetric. Assuming the existence of a dyon with non-supersymmetric Kerr-Schild structure, we calculate its gravitational and electromagnetic fields and compute its mass and angular momentum to obtain a modified B.P.S. relation. The contributionn of the angular momentum to the mass appears in the condition for the appearance of a horizon., Comment: 33 pages, TeX file

Published
1997

32. Effect of Lung Recruitment and Titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs Low PEEP on Mortality in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome : a Randomized Clinical Trial

Author

Cavalcanti, A. B., Suzumura, E. A., Laranjeira, L. N., De Moraes Paisani, D., Damiani, L. P., Guimaraes, H. P., Romano, E. R., De Moraes Regenga, M., Taniguchi, L. N. T., Teixeira, C., De Oliveira, R. P., Machado, F. R., Diaz-Quijano, F. A., De Alencar Filho, M. S., Maia, I. S., Caser, E. B., De Oliveira Filho, W., De Carvalho Borges, M., De Aquino Martins, P., Matsui, M., Ospina-Tascon, G. A., Giancursi, T. S., Giraldo-Ramirez, N. D., Vieira, S. R. R., De Lima Assef, M. D. G. P., Hasan, M. S., Szczeklik, W., Rios, F., Amato, M. B. P., Berwanger, O., De Carvalho, C. R. R., Tucci, M. R., Souza Dos Santos, L., Franca de Oliveira, M. C., Peres, I., Freitas, I., Reis, H., Verissimo, A., Torres, D., Barroso, A., Semboloni Bitencourt, W., Franco, M. R., Oliveira Lage, J., Aparecida Pessoa Conde, K., Charro, F. A., Naia, A., de Brito Sobrinho, E., Lameira Verissimo, A., Barros de Oliveira, M. E., Zampieri, F., Ladeira, J. P., Cordioli, R., Diogo Sala, A., Tadahiro Ikeoka, D., Baptista Filho, M. L. A., Ray, A., Guerra de Almeida, A., Nazareno Conceicao, C., Ribeiro Salgado, D., Rosso Verdeal, J. C., Martins, G. A., Junqueira Ribeiro, L., Vilela Siqueira, H., Flavio Costa Filho, F., Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen, B., Vieira Do Nascimento Martins, E., Aparecida Pereira, J., Milioli Ferreira, D., Alves Ferreira Goncalves, F., de Souza Nobrega, M., Barros Duarte, I. J., Nobre, V., Miranda Barreto Mourao, L., Gomez Ravetti, C., Scalzo, A. C., Martins De Stefano, L., Gut, A. L., Nogueira Filho, W., Gatti Cirillo, C., Ishiwaki, S., Lobo, S., Elias de Oliveira, N., Fernandes Machado, L., Sisconetto, L., Rios Vieira, S. R., Fialkow, L., Fontoura Prado, K., Franke, C., Barberena Moraes, R., Christmann Wawrzeniak, I., Rech, T. H., Parolo, E., Almeida Victorino, J., Marques Barroso, C., Marcal de Vasconcelos, M. O., Souza da Silva, R., Lesti Esteves, A. R., Camassola, A. P., Antoniazzi, R., Griebler, M., Favretto, J., Romano, M., Franz da Costa, A., Werneck, V., Miura, M. C., Farran, J., Vasconcelos, R., Isola, A., Resende, E., Goulart, R., Luzzi, S., Rea-Neto, A., de Oliveira, M. C., Bruinje Cosentino, M. F., Martins Dzivielevski, B., Reese, F. B., Ferreira da Silva, S. D., Elias Aquim, E., Girotto, F., Helenditi Fernandes Camurca Martins, R., Lima de Andrade, A., Breckenfeld Heirel, D. C., Ryoji Takatani, R., Dias de Almeida, S., Medina Matos, A., Iwamoto, T., Do Val Tavares, P. E., Valiatti, J. L., de Lucca, F. C., Fornazari, J. C., Dias Brugugnolli, I., de Araujo Nazare, M., Nascimento Loureiro, N., Vasconcelos de Sousa, G., Staffa Gonzaga da Silva, L., Dos Anjos Sad, F. C., Stucchi, E. M., Melo Silva, R., Fonseca Silva, T., Mendes Filho, S. P., Borba Pereira, T., da Silva, P. N., Martines Moralez, G., Abrantes Saraiva, S., Abrunhosa, A., Chagas, C. E. R. C., Thompson, M. M., Pinto Goncalves, C. H., de Oliveira Dias, R., Schwan Filho, F., Magalhaes Carvalho Grion, C., Mezzaroba, A. L., Festti, J., Massariol, T. C., de Souza, G. F., Martins Lima Silva, M., de Souza Andrade Neto, J., Costa, G., Souza Ribeiro, M., Coelho, M., Cruz Carbonell, R. C., de Souza Trindade, R., Valente Barbas, C. S., Domingos Correa, T., Serpa Neto, A., Santucci Cesar de Assuncao, M., Vilela Costa Pinto, B., Goncalves Libanio, P., da Silva Motta, J., Santa Maria Lucin, G., Macedo Araujo, L., Anibal Leite Barros Agostinho, T., de Andrade, K. M., da Silva, M. S., Pereira da Silva, E., Mousinho Gomes, R. L., Campos, N. M. P., Fonseca de Sousa, J., Ramos Nicolau da Costa, L., de Carvalho Fonseca Assuncao, N. S., Martins de Lima, G., Pinheiro de Oliveira, R., Gasparetto Maccari, J., de Campos Balzano, P., Tagliari, L., Metran Nascente, A. P., de Carvalho, M. A., Buttignol, M., Henn Moura, R., Vinicius Pereira, M., Alberti da Silva, G., Akemi Higo, M., Morales, M., Andrade, A. H. V., de Paiva, A. P., da Silva, K. S., Andrioli de Araujo, P., Cordeiro de Abreu Filho, C. A., Abdalla, G., Loureiro Sebold, M., Moreira, R., Caldeira Filho, M., de Brito Cordeiro, R., Pfuetzenreiter, F., Costa Carvalho, L. F., da Silva Guimaraes, B. L., de Faria Cordeiro, H., Pimentel Alvim, S. H., Do Espirito Santo, J. A., Silva Maia, I., Pincelli, M., Zandonai, C. L., Burigo Grumann, A. C., Kretzer, L. P., Nedel, W., Manozzo Boniatti, M., Santos Pellegrini, J. A., da Silva Marques, L., Girardelli Baptista, W. C., da Silva Franco, R. S., Moreira de Sousa, M., de Marchi Benfica, A. F., Veiga de Oliveira, A. L., Reis, D. L., Morais, M. O., Santa Rosa Santana, H., Murilo Domingues, S., de Menezes Ferreira, C., Amado Rabelo, L., Menezes de Rezende, C., Riccio, P., Silva de Almeida, P., Rubini, P., da Graca Pasquotto de Lima Assef, M., Nardela, R., Locks Stahlhofer, L., Gatelli Noronha, C., de Azevedo Naves, S., Dias da Silva, F., Mazza, B. F., Longhi Simoes de Almeida, S., Mayumi Higa, R., Papacidero, C. H., Lima Silva, M. M., de Assuncao Melo, L., Miranda Mafra Oliveira, M., Matos Brito Coelho, C., Machado, J. A., de Souza Machado, Y. L., Vitor Fera, J., Dos Santos Ramos, N. C., Botelho Foernges, R., de Souza, R. R., Rutzen, W., Villasante Troncoso, E. M., Paiva, T. K. B., Vieira de Lacerda, N. M., Aires de Araujo Neto, J., de Oliveira Maia, M., Bastos de Moura, E., Brocco Magnan, G., Soares Nasrala, M. L., Campos Tonussi, R. L., Kohl Pinheiro, E., Simoes da Silva, F., Dal-Pizzol, F., Schmitz de Figueiredo, F., Ritter, C., de Vasconcellos Baldisserotto, S., Blattner, C., Saldanha Dos Santos, R., da Silva Bettega, F., Almeida Delfino Duarte, P., Tozo, T. C., Peliser, P., Deczka Morsch, R., Guimaraes Leal Guadalupe, E., Souza Amorim, D., Rezegue de Moraes Rego, L., Azevedo, L., Ramos, F., Pastore, L., Nery, P., Spegiorin Moreno, M., Nakad Orsatti, V., Yudi Horikawa, F., Samartino Zavanelli, G., Adrieno Westphal, G., Sperotto, G., Dadam, M., Nunes, M., Pantaleao, S. L., Camargo Narciso, R., Bernadete Caser, E., Falcao, J. G., Genelhu, G., Lessa Soares, F., Silva Sales, B., Rebello de Jesus, K., Correia Santos Bonomo, D., Martins Arruda, J., de Pinho, J. C., Belacho Azeredo Coutinho, J., Braga Hagreaves Ribeiro de Freitas, R., de Souza Oliveira Garcia, T., Frizera Vassallo, P., Buarque Souza de Lima, M. H., Eberhart Neto, E., Satoshi Inagaki, A., Oliveira de Paula, A. E., Amador Correia, T., Nomoto, S., Seiji Ueno Gil, F., Florizel Almeida de Araujo, M., Bezerra Lima, Z., Simoes Giancursi, T., Rejane de Lima, C., Costa, M., Osaku, E. F., Jorge, A. C., Rodrigues da Cruz, M., da Cunha, S., Silva Cavallaro Torres, K., Rocha Rodrigues da Silva, F., Lisboa de Souza, R., Osni Machado, F., Buss, E. K., Cattelan Bonorino, K., Germano, A., Bin da Silva, S. R., Herek, A., Tavares Gurgel, S. J., Sanches Laranjeira, A., Toshiyuki Tanita, M., Tibery Queiroz Cardoso, L., Osorio Guerreiro, M., Peres Bainy, M., de Oliveira Teixeira, L., Colozza Mecatti, G., Carolina Salomao, M., Ribeiro Moreira, A., Vantini Capasso Palamim, C., Deucher, R. A. O., Castro Escobar Furlan, F., Rodrigues Torres de Carvalho, F., Muniz, R., Penna Guimaraes, H., Conceicao Andrade, L., Abrahao Hajjar, L., Barbosa Gomes Galas, F. R., Pinheiro de Almeida, J., Marco, R., Peixoto, E., Hirata, F., Yen Ju, C., Bonaccorsi Fernandino, B., Lage de Assis Rocha, D., Azzi Barbosa, N., Dias Alves, J., Furtado Lamego, L., de Linhares, J. M., Ferreira Sousa, M., Ferreira de Souza, M. M., Guimaraes de Carvalho, F. L., Aparecida Leite, M., Torres, P., Bolognese, D., Lacerda, V., Cisari, G., Souza Marques, A., Amarante Costa, A., Bonin Campos, L., Lovato, W. J., Guimaraes Dantas, B., Ribeiro Campos, D., Pires Barrientto, L. C., Rossi Peras Americo, V., Barboza Carnevalli Bueno, T., Morales, D., Mara Gomes, T., Barbosa Cerantola, R., Hoher, J., Sa Malbouisson, L. M., Matheus Cadamuro, F., Bassi, E., Maia, R., Dias E Santos, J. A., Oliveira, C., Balzi, A. P., Tierno, P., Marques Andrade, G., Delascio Lopes, R., Ramos Mello, M., Vendrame, L. S., Ribeiro Machado, F., Baccaro Rossetti Santana, H., de Carvalho, A., Marques Ferreira Mendez, V., de Araujo Macedo Pinto, W., Dos Santos Francisco, R., Steponovicius Piedade Cruz, F., Silva de Araujo, A., Paiva de Souza, A., Teixeira Pinheiro, T., Martins Santos, T., Gontijo-Coutinho, C. M., Franci, D., de Carvalho-Filho, M. A., Ribas Rosa de Oliveira, A. M., Silva, J. M., Costa Lisboa, T., Peretti Torelly, A., Silva de Souza, A., Hadrich, M., Schwarz, P., Berto, P., Teixeira de Gois, A. F., Silva, M., Gessolo Lins, P., Cavalcante Lola Biazzoto, E. P., Dragosavac, D., Ribeiro de Carvalho, C. R., Passos Amato, M. B., Toufen, C., Ribeiro de Santis Santiago, R., Hirota, A. S., Rodrigues, M., Dias Chiavegato, L., Bastos Vieira, P. C., de Almeida, M. M. M. F., Barbosa, P. G., Pereira Santos, J. R., Nogueira de Paula, L., Piras, C., Giuberti, J., Siqueira da Silva, A., Conti Ramos, R., Plata Valdivieso, R., Gonzalez, H. H., Ortiz, M., Bautista-Rincon, D. F., Quinones, E., Calderon, L. E., Vargas, M., Pizarro, C., Orozco Levi, M., Espitia Hernandez, A. M., Cadavid Gutierrez, C., Giraldo Ramirez, N., Gallego, D. A., Naranjo Sierra, S., Ortiz, G., Esneda Rocha Gaona, M., Garay, M., Vieda, E., Bermudez, W. F., Castaneda, J. A., Cortegiani, A., Russotto, V., Raineri, S. M., Giarratano, A., Shahnaz Hasan, M., Rai Hakumat Rai, V., Fadhil Hadi Bin Jamaluddin, M., Afiq Syahmi Ramli, M., Gorka, J., Nowak, I., Seczynska, B., Sega, A., Paulino, C., Povoa, P., Belda, F. J., Ferrando, C., Carbonell, J. A., Puig, J., Soro, M., Nin, N., Hurtado, J., Gacel, A., Gaudin, A., Sande, L., Cavalcanti, A, Suzumura, E, Laranjeira, L, De Moraes Paisani, D, Damiani, L, Guimaraes, H, Romano, E, De Moraes Regenga, M, Taniguchi, L, Teixeira, C, De Oliveira, R, Machado, F, Diaz-Quijano, F, De Alencar Filho, M, Maia, I, Caser, E, De Oliveira Filho, W, De Carvalho Borges, M, De Aquino Martins, P, Matsui, M, Ospina-Tascon, G, Giancursi, T, Giraldo-Ramirez, N, Vieira, S, De Lima Assef, M, Hasan, M, Szczeklik, W, Rios, F, Amato, M, Berwanger, O, De Carvalho, C, Tucci, M, Souza Dos Santos, L, Franca de Oliveira, M, Peres, I, Freitas, I, Reis, H, Verissimo, A, Torres, D, Barroso, A, Semboloni Bitencourt, W, Franco, M, Oliveira Lage, J, Aparecida Pessoa Conde, K, Charro, F, Naia, A, de Brito Sobrinho, E, Lameira Verissimo, A, Barros de Oliveira, M, Zampieri, F, Ladeira, J, Cordioli, R, Diogo Sala, A, Tadahiro Ikeoka, D, Baptista Filho, M, Ray, A, Guerra de Almeida, A, Nazareno Conceicao, C, Ribeiro Salgado, D, Rosso Verdeal, J, Martins, G, Junqueira Ribeiro, L, Vilela Siqueira, H, Flavio Costa Filho, F, Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen, B, Vieira Do Nascimento Martins, E, Aparecida Pereira, J, Milioli Ferreira, D, Alves Ferreira Goncalves, F, de Souza Nobrega, M, Barros Duarte, I, Nobre, V, Miranda Barreto Mourao, L, Gomez Ravetti, C, Scalzo, A, Martins De Stefano, L, Gut, A, Nogueira Filho, W, Gatti Cirillo, C, Ishiwaki, S, Lobo, S, Elias de Oliveira, N, Fernandes Machado, L, Sisconetto, L, Rios Vieira, S, Fialkow, L, Fontoura Prado, K, Franke, C, Barberena Moraes, R, Christmann Wawrzeniak, I, Rech, T, Parolo, E, Almeida Victorino, J, Marques Barroso, C, Marcal de Vasconcelos, M, Souza da Silva, R, Lesti Esteves, A, Camassola, A, Antoniazzi, R, Griebler, M, Favretto, J, Romano, M, Franz da Costa, A, Werneck, V, Miura, M, Farran, J, Vasconcelos, R, Isola, A, Resende, E, Goulart, R, Luzzi, S, Rea-Neto, A, de Oliveira, M, Bruinje Cosentino, M, Martins Dzivielevski, B, Reese, F, Ferreira da 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S.R.R., De Lima Assef M.D.G.P., Hasan M.S., Szczeklik W., Rios F., Amato M.B.P., Berwanger O., De Carvalho C.R.R., Tucci M.R., Souza Dos Santos L., Franca de Oliveira M.C., Peres I., Freitas I., Reis H., Verissimo A., Torres D., Barroso A., Semboloni Bitencourt W., Franco M.R., Oliveira Lage J., Aparecida Pessoa Conde K., Charro F.A., Naia A., de Brito Sobrinho E., Lameira Verissimo A., Barros de Oliveira M.E., Zampieri F., Ladeira J.P., Cordioli R., Diogo Sala A., Tadahiro Ikeoka D., Baptista Filho M.L.A., Ray A., Guerra de Almeida A., Nazareno Conceicao C., Ribeiro Salgado D., Rosso Verdeal J.C., Martins G.A., Junqueira Ribeiro L., Vilela Siqueira H., Flavio Costa Filho F., Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen B., Vieira Do Nascimento Martins E., Aparecida Pereira J., Milioli Ferreira D., Alves Ferreira Goncalves F., de Souza Nobrega M., Barros Duarte I.J., Nobre V., Miranda Barreto Mourao L., Gomez Ravetti C., Scalzo A.C., Martins De Stefano L., Gut A.L., Nogueira Filho W., Gatti Cirillo C., Ishiwaki S., Lobo S., Elias de Oliveira N., Fernandes Machado L., Sisconetto L., Rios Vieira S.R., Fialkow L., Fontoura Prado K., Franke C., Barberena Moraes R., Christmann Wawrzeniak I., Rech T.H., Parolo E., Almeida Victorino J., Marques Barroso C., Marcal de Vasconcelos M.O., Souza da Silva R., Lesti Esteves A.R., Camassola A.P., Antoniazzi R., Griebler M., Favretto J., Romano M., Franz da Costa A., Werneck V., Miura M.C., Farran J., Vasconcelos R., Isola A., Resende E., Goulart R., Luzzi S., Rea-Neto A., de Oliveira M.C., Bruinje Cosentino M.F., Martins Dzivielevski B., Reese F.B., Ferreira da Silva S.D., Elias Aquim E., Girotto F., Helenditi Fernandes Camurca Martins R., Lima de Andrade A., Breckenfeld Heirel D.C., Ryoji Takatani R., Dias de Almeida S., Medina Matos A., Iwamoto T., Do Val Tavares P.E., Valiatti J.L., de Lucca F.C., Fornazari J.C., Dias Brugugnolli I., de Araujo Nazare M., Nascimento Loureiro N., Vasconcelos de Sousa G., Staffa Gonzaga da Silva L., Dos Anjos Sad F.C., Stucchi E.M., Melo Silva R., Fonseca Silva T., Mendes Filho S.P., Borba Pereira T., da Silva P.N., Martines Moralez G., Abrantes Saraiva S., Abrunhosa A., Chagas C.E.R.C., Thompson M.M., Pinto Goncalves C.H., de Oliveira Dias R., Schwan Filho F., Magalhaes Carvalho Grion C., Mezzaroba A.L., Festti J., Massariol T.C., de Souza G.F., Martins Lima Silva M., de Souza Andrade Neto J., Costa G., Souza Ribeiro M., Coelho M., Cruz Carbonell R.C., de Souza Trindade R., Valente Barbas C.S., Domingos Correa T., Serpa Neto A., Santucci Cesar de Assuncao M., Vilela Costa Pinto B., Goncalves Libanio P., da Silva Motta J., Santa Maria Lucin G., Macedo Araujo L., Anibal Leite Barros Agostinho T., de Andrade K.M., da Silva M.S., Pereira da Silva E., Mousinho Gomes R.L., Campos N.M.P., Fonseca de Sousa J., Ramos Nicolau da Costa L., de Carvalho Fonseca Assuncao N.S., Martins de Lima G., Pinheiro de Oliveira R., Gasparetto Maccari J., de Campos Balzano P., Tagliari L., Metran Nascente A.P., de Carvalho M.A., Buttignol M., Henn Moura R., Vinicius Pereira M., Alberti da Silva G., Akemi Higo M., Morales M., Andrade A.H.V., de Paiva A.P., da Silva K.S., Andrioli de Araujo P., Cordeiro de Abreu Filho C.A., Abdalla G., Loureiro Sebold M., Moreira R., Caldeira Filho M., de Brito Cordeiro R., Pfuetzenreiter F., Costa Carvalho L.F., da Silva Guimaraes B.L., de Faria Cordeiro H., Pimentel Alvim S.H., Do Espirito Santo J.A., Silva Maia I., Pincelli M., Zandonai C.L., Burigo Grumann A.C., Kretzer L.P., Nedel W., Manozzo Boniatti M., Santos Pellegrini J.A., da Silva Marques L., Girardelli Baptista W.C., da Silva Franco R.S., Moreira de Sousa M., de Marchi Benfica A.F., Veiga de Oliveira A.L., Reis D.L., Morais M.O., Santa Rosa Santana H., Murilo Domingues S., de Menezes Ferreira C., Amado Rabelo L., Menezes de Rezende C., Riccio P., Silva de Almeida P., Rubini P., da Graca Pasquotto de Lima Assef M., Nardela R., Locks Stahlhofer L., Gatelli Noronha C., de Azevedo Naves S., Dias da Silva F., Mazza B.F., Longhi Simoes de Almeida S., Mayumi Higa R., Papacidero C.H., Lima Silva M.M., de Assuncao Melo L., Miranda Mafra Oliveira M., Matos Brito Coelho C., Machado J.A., de Souza Machado Y.L., Vitor Fera J., Dos Santos Ramos N.C., Botelho Foernges R., de Souza R.R., Rutzen W., Villasante Troncoso E.M., Paiva T.K.B., Vieira de Lacerda N.M., Aires de Araujo Neto J., de Oliveira Maia M., Bastos de Moura E., Brocco Magnan G., Soares Nasrala M.L., Campos Tonussi R.L., Kohl Pinheiro E., Simoes da Silva F., Dal-Pizzol F., Schmitz de Figueiredo F., Ritter C., de Vasconcellos Baldisserotto S., Blattner C., Saldanha Dos Santos R., da Silva Bettega F., Almeida Delfino Duarte P., Tozo T.C., Peliser P., Deczka Morsch R., Guimaraes Leal Guadalupe E., Souza Amorim D., Rezegue de Moraes Rego L., Azevedo L., Ramos F., Pastore L., Nery P., Spegiorin Moreno M., Nakad Orsatti V., Yudi Horikawa F., Samartino Zavanelli G., Adrieno Westphal G., Sperotto G., Dadam M., Nunes M., Pantaleao S.L., Camargo Narciso R., Bernadete Caser E., Falcao J.G., Genelhu G., Lessa Soares F., Silva Sales B., Rebello de Jesus K., Correia Santos Bonomo D., Martins Arruda J., de Pinho J.C., Belacho Azeredo Coutinho J., Braga Hagreaves Ribeiro de Freitas R., de Souza Oliveira Garcia T., Frizera Vassallo P., Buarque Souza de Lima M.H., Eberhart Neto E., Satoshi Inagaki A., Oliveira de Paula A.E., Amador Correia T., Nomoto S., Seiji Ueno Gil F., Florizel Almeida de Araujo M., Bezerra Lima Z., Simoes Giancursi T., Rejane de Lima C., Costa M., Osaku E.F., Jorge A.C., Rodrigues da Cruz M., da Cunha S., Silva Cavallaro Torres K., Rocha Rodrigues da Silva F., Lisboa de Souza R., Osni Machado F., Buss E.K., Cattelan Bonorino K., Germano A., Bin da Silva S.R., Herek A., Tavares Gurgel S.J., Sanches Laranjeira A., Toshiyuki Tanita M., Tibery Queiroz Cardoso L., Osorio Guerreiro M., Peres Bainy M., de Oliveira Teixeira L., Colozza Mecatti G., Carolina Salomao M., Ribeiro Moreira A., Vantini Capasso Palamim C., Deucher R.A.O., Castro Escobar Furlan F., Rodrigues Torres de Carvalho F., Muniz R., Penna Guimaraes H., Conceicao Andrade L., Abrahao Hajjar L., Barbosa Gomes Galas F.R., Pinheiro de Almeida J., Marco R., Peixoto E., Hirata F., Yen Ju C., Bonaccorsi Fernandino B., Lage de Assis Rocha D., Azzi Barbosa N., Dias Alves J., Furtado Lamego L., de Linhares J.M., Ferreira Sousa M., Ferreira de Souza M.M., Guimaraes de Carvalho F.L., Aparecida Leite M., Torres P., Bolognese D., Lacerda V., Cisari G., Souza Marques A., Amarante Costa A., Bonin Campos L., Lovato W.J., Guimaraes Dantas B., Ribeiro Campos D., Pires Barrientto L.C., Rossi Peras Americo V., Barboza Carnevalli Bueno T., Morales D., Mara Gomes T., Barbosa Cerantola R., Hoher J., Sa Malbouisson L.M., Matheus Cadamuro F., Bassi E., Maia R., Dias E Santos J.A., Oliveira C., Balzi A.P., Tierno P., Marques Andrade G., Delascio Lopes R., Ramos Mello M., Vendrame L.S., Ribeiro Machado F., Baccaro Rossetti Santana H., de Carvalho A., Marques Ferreira Mendez V., de Araujo Macedo Pinto W., Dos Santos Francisco R., Steponovicius Piedade Cruz F., Silva de Araujo A., Paiva de Souza A., Teixeira Pinheiro T., Martins Santos T., Gontijo-Coutinho C.M., Franci D., de Carvalho-Filho M.A., Ribas Rosa de Oliveira A.M., Silva J.M., Costa Lisboa T., Peretti Torelly A., Silva de Souza A., Hadrich M., Schwarz P., Berto P., Teixeira de Gois A.F., Silva M., Gessolo Lins P., Cavalcante Lola Biazzoto E.P., Dragosavac D., Ribeiro de Carvalho C.R., Passos Amato M.B., Toufen C., Ribeiro de Santis Santiago R., Hirota A.S., Rodrigues M., Dias Chiavegato L., Bastos Vieira P.C., de Almeida M.M.M.F., Barbosa P.G., Pereira Santos J.R., Nogueira de Paula L., Piras C., Giuberti J., Siqueira da Silva A., Conti Ramos R., Plata Valdivieso R., Gonzalez H.H., Ortiz M., Bautista-Rincon D.F., Quinones E., Calderon L.E., Vargas M., Pizarro C., Orozco Levi M., Espitia Hernandez A.M., Cadavid Gutierrez C., Giraldo Ramirez N., Gallego D.A., Naranjo Sierra S., Ortiz G., Esneda Rocha Gaona M., Garay M., Vieda E., Bermudez W.F., Castaneda J.A., Cortegiani A., Russotto V., Raineri S.M., Giarratano A., Shahnaz Hasan M., Rai Hakumat Rai V., Fadhil Hadi Bin Jamaluddin M., Afiq Syahmi Ramli M., Gorka J., Nowak I., Seczynska B., Sega A., Paulino C., Povoa P., Belda F.J., Ferrando C., Carbonell J.A., Puig J., Soro M., Nin N., Hurtado J., Gacel A., Gaudin A., and Sande L.

Subjects
Adult, Male, ARDS, medicine.medical_specialty, acure respitatory distress syndrome, medicine.medical_treatment, mechanical ventilation, law.invention, Positive-Pressure Respiration, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Intensive care, Tidal Volume, medicine, Humans, Treatment Failure, ARDS, ventilation, PEEP, MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA, PEEP, Tidal volume, Positive end-expiratory pressure, Aged, intensive care, Mechanical ventilation, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Pneumothorax, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Intensive Care Units, Editorial, 030228 respiratory system, Anesthesia, Female, business
Abstract

Importance The effects of recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain uncertain. Objective To determine if lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance decreases 28-day mortality of patients with moderate to severe ARDS compared with a conventional low-PEEP strategy. Design, Setting, and Participants Multicenter, randomized trial conducted at 120 intensive care units (ICUs) from 9 countries from November 17, 2011, through April 25, 2017, enrolling adults with moderate to severe ARDS. Interventions An experimental strategy with a lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration according to the best respiratory–system compliance (n = 501; experimental group) or a control strategy of low PEEP (n = 509). All patients received volume-assist control mode until weaning. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was all-cause mortality until 28 days. Secondary outcomes were length of ICU and hospital stay; ventilator-free days through day 28; pneumothorax requiring drainage within 7 days; barotrauma within 7 days; and ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality. Results A total of 1010 patients (37.5% female; mean [SD] age, 50.9 [17.4] years) were enrolled and followed up. At 28 days, 277 of 501 patients (55.3%) in the experimental group and 251 of 509 patients (49.3%) in the control group had died (hazard ratio [HR], 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.42; P = .041). Compared with the control group, the experimental group strategy increased 6-month mortality (65.3% vs 59.9%; HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.38; P = .04), decreased the number of mean ventilator-free days (5.3 vs 6.4; difference, −1.1; 95% CI, −2.1 to −0.1; P = .03), increased the risk of pneumothorax requiring drainage (3.2% vs 1.2%; difference, 2.0%; 95% CI, 0.0% to 4.0%; P = .03), and the risk of barotrauma (5.6% vs 1.6%; difference, 4.0%; 95% CI, 1.5% to 6.5%; P = .001). There were no significant differences in the length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, ICU mortality, and in-hospital mortality. Conclusions and Relevance In patients with moderate to severe ARDS, a strategy with lung recruitment and titrated PEEP compared with low PEEP increased 28-day all-cause mortality. These findings do not support the routine use of lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration in these patients. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01374022

Published
2017

35. Effect of lung recruitment and titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs low PEEP on mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome - A randomized clinical trial

Author

Cavalcanti, A, Suzumura, E, Laranjeira, L, De Moraes Paisani, D, Damiani, L, Guimaraes, H, Romano, E, De Moraes Regenga, M, Taniguchi, L, Teixeira, C, De Oliveira, R, Machado, F, Diaz-Quijano, F, De Alencar Filho, M, Maia, I, Caser, E, De Oliveira Filho, W, De Carvalho Borges, M, De Aquino Martins, P, Matsui, M, Ospina-Tascon, G, Giancursi, T, Giraldo-Ramirez, N, Vieira, S, De Lima Assef, M, Hasan, M, Szczeklik, W, Rios, F, Amato, M, Berwanger, O, De Carvalho, C, Tucci, M, Souza Dos Santos, L, Franca de Oliveira, M, Peres, I, Freitas, I, Reis, H, Verissimo, A, Torres, D, Barroso, A, Semboloni Bitencourt, W, Franco, M, Oliveira Lage, J, Aparecida Pessoa Conde, K, Charro, F, Naia, A, de Brito Sobrinho, E, Lameira Verissimo, A, Barros de Oliveira, M, Zampieri, F, Ladeira, J, Cordioli, R, Diogo Sala, A, Tadahiro Ikeoka, D, Baptista Filho, M, Ray, A, Guerra de Almeida, A, Nazareno Conceicao, C, Ribeiro Salgado, D, Rosso Verdeal, J, Martins, G, Junqueira Ribeiro, L, Vilela Siqueira, H, Flavio Costa Filho, F, Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen, B, Vieira Do Nascimento Martins, E, Aparecida Pereira, J, Milioli Ferreira, D, Alves Ferreira Goncalves, F, de Souza Nobrega, M, Barros Duarte, I, Nobre, V, Miranda Barreto Mourao, L, Gomez Ravetti, C, Scalzo, A, Martins De Stefano, L, Gut, A, Nogueira Filho, W, Gatti Cirillo, C, Ishiwaki, S, Lobo, S, Elias de Oliveira, N, Fernandes Machado, L, Sisconetto, L, Rios Vieira, S, Fialkow, L, Fontoura Prado, K, Franke, C, Barberena Moraes, R, Christmann Wawrzeniak, I, Rech, T, Parolo, E, Almeida Victorino, J, Marques Barroso, C, Marcal de Vasconcelos, M, Souza da Silva, R, Lesti Esteves, A, Camassola, A, Antoniazzi, R, Griebler, M, Favretto, J, Romano, M, Franz da Costa, A, Werneck, V, Miura, M, Farran, J, Vasconcelos, R, Isola, A, Resende, E, Goulart, R, Luzzi, S, Rea-Neto, A, de Oliveira, M, Bruinje Cosentino, M, Martins Dzivielevski, B, Reese, F, Ferreira da Silva, S, Elias Aquim, E, Girotto, F, Helenditi Fernandes Camurca Martins, R, Lima de Andrade, A, Breckenfeld Heirel, D, Ryoji Takatani, R, Dias de Almeida, S, Medina Matos, A, Iwamoto, T, Do Val Tavares, P, Valiatti, J, de Lucca, F, Fornazari, J, Dias Brugugnolli, I, de Araujo Nazare, M, Nascimento Loureiro, N, Vasconcelos de Sousa, G, Staffa Gonzaga da Silva, L, Dos Anjos Sad, F, Stucchi, E, Melo Silva, R, Fonseca Silva, T, Mendes Filho, S, Borba Pereira, T, da Silva, P, Martines Moralez, G, Abrantes Saraiva, S, Abrunhosa, A, Chagas, C, Thompson, M, Pinto Goncalves, C, de Oliveira Dias, R, Schwan Filho, F, Magalhaes Carvalho Grion, C, Mezzaroba, A, Festti, J, Massariol, T, de Souza, G, Martins Lima Silva, M, de Souza Andrade Neto, J, Costa, G, Souza Ribeiro, M, Coelho, M, Cruz Carbonell, R, de Souza Trindade, R, Valente Barbas, C, Domingos Correa, T, Serpa Neto, A, Santucci Cesar de Assuncao, M, Vilela Costa Pinto, B, Goncalves Libanio, P, da Silva Motta, J, Santa Maria Lucin, G, Macedo Araujo, L, Anibal Leite Barros Agostinho, T, de Andrade, K, da Silva, M, Pereira da Silva, E, Mousinho Gomes, R, Campos, N, Fonseca de Sousa, J, Ramos Nicolau da Costa, L, de Carvalho Fonseca Assuncao, N, Martins de Lima, G, Pinheiro de Oliveira, R, Gasparetto Maccari, J, de Campos Balzano, P, Tagliari, L, Metran Nascente, A, de Carvalho, M, Buttignol, M, Henn Moura, R, Vinicius Pereira, M, Alberti da Silva, G, Akemi Higo, M, Morales, M, Andrade, A, de Paiva, A, da Silva, K, Andrioli de Araujo, P, Cordeiro de Abreu Filho, C, Abdalla, G, Loureiro Sebold, M, Moreira, R, Caldeira Filho, M, de Brito Cordeiro, R, Pfuetzenreiter, F, Costa Carvalho, L, da Silva Guimaraes, B, de Faria Cordeiro, H, Pimentel Alvim, S, Do Espirito Santo, J, Silva Maia, I, Pincelli, M, Zandonai, C, Burigo Grumann, A, Kretzer, L, Nedel, W, Manozzo Boniatti, M, Santos Pellegrini, J, da Silva Marques, L, Girardelli Baptista, W, da Silva Franco, R, Moreira de Sousa, M, de Marchi Benfica, A, Veiga de Oliveira, A, Reis, D, Morais, M, Santa Rosa Santana, H, Murilo Domingues, S, de Menezes Ferreira, C, Amado Rabelo, L, Menezes de Rezende, C, Riccio, P, Silva de Almeida, P, Rubini, P, da Graca Pasquotto de Lima Assef, M, Nardela, R, Locks Stahlhofer, L, Gatelli Noronha, C, de Azevedo Naves, S, Dias da Silva, F, Mazza, B, Longhi Simoes de Almeida, S, Mayumi Higa, R, Papacidero, C, Lima Silva, M, de Assuncao Melo, L, Miranda Mafra Oliveira, M, Matos Brito Coelho, C, Machado, J, de Souza Machado, Y, Vitor Fera, J, Dos Santos Ramos, N, Botelho Foernges, R, de Souza, R, Rutzen, W, Villasante Troncoso, E, Paiva, T, Vieira de Lacerda, N, Aires de Araujo Neto, J, de Oliveira Maia, M, Bastos de Moura, E, Brocco Magnan, G, Soares Nasrala, M, Campos Tonussi, R, Kohl Pinheiro, E, Simoes da Silva, F, Dal-Pizzol, F, Schmitz de Figueiredo, F, Ritter, C, de Vasconcellos Baldisserotto, S, Blattner, C, Saldanha Dos Santos, R, da Silva Bettega, F, Almeida Delfino Duarte, P, Tozo, T, Peliser, P, Deczka Morsch, R, Guimaraes Leal Guadalupe, E, Souza Amorim, D, Rezegue de Moraes Rego, L, Azevedo, L, Ramos, F, Pastore, L, Nery, P, Spegiorin Moreno, M, Nakad Orsatti, V, Yudi Horikawa, F, Samartino Zavanelli, G, Adrieno Westphal, G, Sperotto, G, Dadam, M, Nunes, M, Pantaleao, S, Camargo Narciso, R, Bernadete Caser, E, Falcao, J, Genelhu, G, Lessa Soares, F, Silva Sales, B, Rebello de Jesus, K, Correia Santos Bonomo, D, Martins Arruda, J, de Pinho, J, Belacho Azeredo Coutinho, J, Braga Hagreaves Ribeiro de Freitas, R, de Souza Oliveira Garcia, T, Frizera Vassallo, P, Buarque Souza de Lima, M, Eberhart Neto, E, Satoshi Inagaki, A, Oliveira de Paula, A, Amador Correia, T, Nomoto, S, Seiji Ueno Gil, F, Florizel Almeida de Araujo, M, Bezerra Lima, Z, Simoes Giancursi, T, Rejane de Lima, C, Costa, M, Osaku, E, Jorge, A, Rodrigues da Cruz, M, da Cunha, S, Silva Cavallaro Torres, K, Rocha Rodrigues da Silva, F, Lisboa de Souza, R, Osni Machado, F, Buss, E, Cattelan Bonorino, K, Germano, A, Bin da Silva, S, Herek, A, Tavares Gurgel, S, Sanches Laranjeira, A, Toshiyuki Tanita, M, Tibery Queiroz Cardoso, L, Osorio Guerreiro, M, Peres Bainy, M, de Oliveira Teixeira, L, Colozza Mecatti, G, Carolina Salomao, M, Ribeiro Moreira, A, Vantini Capasso Palamim, C, Deucher, R, Castro Escobar Furlan, F, Rodrigues Torres de Carvalho, F, Muniz, R, Penna Guimaraes, H, Conceicao Andrade, L, Abrahao Hajjar, L, Barbosa Gomes Galas, F, Pinheiro de Almeida, J, Marco, R, Peixoto, E, Hirata, F, Yen Ju, C, Bonaccorsi Fernandino, B, Lage de Assis Rocha, D, Azzi Barbosa, N, Dias Alves, J, Furtado Lamego, L, de Linhares, J, Ferreira Sousa, M, Ferreira de Souza, M, Guimaraes de Carvalho, F, Aparecida Leite, M, Torres, P, Bolognese, D, Lacerda, V, Cisari, G, Souza Marques, A, Amarante Costa, A, Bonin Campos, L, Lovato, W, Guimaraes Dantas, B, Ribeiro Campos, D, Pires Barrientto, L, Rossi Peras Americo, V, Barboza Carnevalli Bueno, T, Morales, D, Mara Gomes, T, Barbosa Cerantola, R, Hoher, J, Sa Malbouisson, L, Matheus Cadamuro, F, Bassi, E, Maia, R, Dias E Santos, J, Oliveira, C, Balzi, A, Tierno, P, Marques Andrade, G, Delascio Lopes, R, Ramos Mello, M, Vendrame, L, Ribeiro Machado, F, Baccaro Rossetti Santana, H, de Carvalho, A, Marques Ferreira Mendez, V, de Araujo Macedo Pinto, W, Dos Santos Francisco, R, Steponovicius Piedade Cruz, F, Silva de Araujo, A, Paiva de Souza, A, Teixeira Pinheiro, T, Martins Santos, T, Gontijo-Coutinho, C, Franci, D, de Carvalho-Filho, M, Ribas Rosa de Oliveira, A, Silva, J, Costa Lisboa, T, Peretti Torelly, A, Silva de Souza, A, Hadrich, M, Schwarz, P, Berto, P, Teixeira de Gois, A, Silva, M, Gessolo Lins, P, Cavalcante Lola Biazzoto, E, Dragosavac, D, Ribeiro de Carvalho, C, Passos Amato, M, Toufen, C, Ribeiro de Santis Santiago, R, Hirota, A, Rodrigues, M, Dias Chiavegato, L, Bastos Vieira, P, de Almeida, M, Barbosa, P, Pereira Santos, J, Nogueira de Paula, L, Piras, C, Giuberti, J, Siqueira da Silva, A, Conti Ramos, R, Plata Valdivieso, R, Gonzalez, H, Ortiz, M, Bautista-Rincon, D, Quinones, E, Calderon, L, Vargas, M, Pizarro, C, Orozco Levi, M, Espitia Hernandez, A, Cadavid Gutierrez, C, Giraldo Ramirez, N, Gallego, D, Naranjo Sierra, S, Ortiz, G, Esneda Rocha Gaona, M, Garay, M, Vieda, E, Bermudez, W, Castaneda, J, Cortegiani, A, Russotto, V, Raineri, S, Giarratano, A, Shahnaz Hasan, M, Rai Hakumat Rai, V, Fadhil Hadi Bin Jamaluddin, M, Afiq Syahmi Ramli, M, Gorka, J, Nowak, I, Seczynska, B, Sega, A, Paulino, C, Povoa, P, Belda, F, Ferrando, C, Carbonell, J, Puig, J, Soro, M, Nin, N, Hurtado, J, Gacel, A, Gaudin, A, Sande, L, Cavalcanti A. B., Suzumura E. A., Laranjeira L. N., De Moraes Paisani D., Damiani L. P., Guimaraes H. P., Romano E. R., De Moraes Regenga M., Taniguchi L. N. T., Teixeira C., De Oliveira R. P., Machado F. R., Diaz-Quijano F. A., De Alencar Filho M. S., Maia I. S., Caser E. B., De Oliveira Filho W., De Carvalho Borges M., De Aquino Martins P., Matsui M., Ospina-Tascon G. A., Giancursi T. S., Giraldo-Ramirez N. D., Vieira S. R. R., De Lima Assef M. D. G. P., Hasan M. S., Szczeklik W., Rios F., Amato M. B. P., Berwanger O., De Carvalho C. R. R., Tucci M. R., Souza Dos Santos L., Franca de Oliveira M. C., Peres I., Freitas I., Reis H., Verissimo A., Torres D., Barroso A., Semboloni Bitencourt W., Franco M. R., Oliveira Lage J., Aparecida Pessoa Conde K., Charro F. A., Naia A., de Brito Sobrinho E., Lameira Verissimo A., Barros de Oliveira M. E., Zampieri F., Ladeira J. P., Cordioli R., Diogo Sala A., Tadahiro Ikeoka D., Baptista Filho M. L. A., Ray A., Guerra de Almeida A., Nazareno Conceicao C., Ribeiro Salgado D., Rosso Verdeal J. C., Martins G. A., Junqueira Ribeiro L., Vilela Siqueira H., Flavio Costa Filho F., Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen B., Vieira Do Nascimento Martins E., Aparecida Pereira J., Milioli Ferreira D., Alves Ferreira Goncalves F., de Souza Nobrega M., Barros Duarte I. J., Nobre V., Miranda Barreto Mourao L., Gomez Ravetti C., Scalzo A. C., Martins De Stefano L., Gut A. L., Nogueira Filho W., Gatti Cirillo C., Ishiwaki S., Lobo S., Elias de Oliveira N., Fernandes Machado L., Sisconetto L., Rios Vieira S. R., Fialkow L., Fontoura Prado K., Franke C., Barberena Moraes R., Christmann Wawrzeniak I., Rech T. H., Parolo E., Almeida Victorino J., Marques Barroso C., Marcal de Vasconcelos M. O., Souza da Silva R., Lesti Esteves A. R., Camassola A. P., Antoniazzi R., Griebler M., Favretto J., Romano M., Franz da Costa A., Werneck V., Miura M. C., Farran J., Vasconcelos R., Isola A., Resende E., Goulart R., Luzzi S., Rea-Neto A., de Oliveira M. C., Bruinje Cosentino M. F., Martins Dzivielevski B., Reese F. B., Ferreira da Silva S. D., Elias Aquim E., Girotto F., Helenditi Fernandes Camurca Martins R., Lima de Andrade A., Breckenfeld Heirel D. C., Ryoji Takatani R., Dias de Almeida S., Medina Matos A., Iwamoto T., Do Val Tavares P. E., Valiatti J. L., de Lucca F. C., Fornazari J. C., Dias Brugugnolli I., de Araujo Nazare M., Nascimento Loureiro N., Vasconcelos de Sousa G., Staffa Gonzaga da Silva L., Dos Anjos Sad F. C., Stucchi E. M., Melo Silva R., Fonseca Silva T., Mendes Filho S. P., Borba Pereira T., da Silva P. N., Martines Moralez G., Abrantes Saraiva S., Abrunhosa A., Chagas C. E. R. C., Thompson M. M., Pinto Goncalves C. H., de Oliveira Dias R., Schwan Filho F., Magalhaes Carvalho Grion C., Mezzaroba A. L., Festti J., Massariol T. C., de Souza G. F., Martins Lima Silva M., de Souza Andrade Neto J., Costa G., Souza Ribeiro M., Coelho M., Cruz Carbonell R. C., de Souza Trindade R., Valente Barbas C. S., Domingos Correa T., Serpa Neto A., Santucci Cesar de Assuncao M., Vilela Costa Pinto B., Goncalves Libanio P., da Silva Motta J., Santa Maria Lucin G., Macedo Araujo L., Anibal Leite Barros Agostinho T., de Andrade K. M., da Silva M. S., Pereira da Silva E., Mousinho Gomes R. L., Campos N. M. P., Fonseca de Sousa J., Ramos Nicolau da Costa L., de Carvalho Fonseca Assuncao N. S., Martins de Lima G., Pinheiro de Oliveira R., Gasparetto Maccari J., de Campos Balzano P., Tagliari L., Metran Nascente A. P., de Carvalho M. A., Buttignol M., Henn Moura R., Vinicius Pereira M., Alberti da Silva G., Akemi Higo M., Morales M., Andrade A. H. V., de Paiva A. P., da Silva K. S., Andrioli de Araujo P., Cordeiro de Abreu Filho C. A., Abdalla G., Loureiro Sebold M., Moreira R., Caldeira Filho M., de Brito Cordeiro R., Pfuetzenreiter F., Costa Carvalho L. F., da Silva Guimaraes B. L., de Faria Cordeiro H., Pimentel Alvim S. H., Do Espirito Santo J. A., Silva Maia I., Pincelli M., Zandonai C. L., Burigo Grumann A. C., Kretzer L. P., Nedel W., Manozzo Boniatti M., Santos Pellegrini J. A., da Silva Marques L., Girardelli Baptista W. C., da Silva Franco R. S., Moreira de Sousa M., de Marchi Benfica A. F., Veiga de Oliveira A. L., Reis D. L., Morais M. O., Santa Rosa Santana H., Murilo Domingues S., de Menezes Ferreira C., Amado Rabelo L., Menezes de Rezende C., Riccio P., Silva de Almeida P., Rubini P., da Graca Pasquotto de Lima Assef M., Nardela R., Locks Stahlhofer L., Gatelli Noronha C., de Azevedo Naves S., Dias da Silva F., Mazza B. F., Longhi Simoes de Almeida S., Mayumi Higa R., Papacidero C. H., Lima Silva M. M., de Assuncao Melo L., Miranda Mafra Oliveira M., Matos Brito Coelho C., Machado J. A., de Souza Machado Y. L., Vitor Fera J., Dos Santos Ramos N. C., Botelho Foernges R., de Souza R. R., Rutzen W., Villasante Troncoso E. M., Paiva T. K. B., Vieira de Lacerda N. M., Aires de Araujo Neto J., de Oliveira Maia M., Bastos de Moura E., Brocco Magnan G., Soares Nasrala M. L., Campos Tonussi R. L., Kohl Pinheiro E., Simoes da Silva F., Dal-Pizzol F., Schmitz de Figueiredo F., Ritter C., de Vasconcellos Baldisserotto S., Blattner C., Saldanha Dos Santos R., da Silva Bettega F., Almeida Delfino Duarte P., Tozo T. C., Peliser P., Deczka Morsch R., Guimaraes Leal Guadalupe E., Souza Amorim D., Rezegue de Moraes Rego L., Azevedo L., Ramos F., Pastore L., Nery P., Spegiorin Moreno M., Nakad Orsatti V., Yudi Horikawa F., Samartino Zavanelli G., Adrieno Westphal G., Sperotto G., Dadam M., Nunes M., Pantaleao S. L., Camargo Narciso R., Bernadete Caser E., Falcao J. G., Genelhu G., Lessa Soares F., Silva Sales B., Rebello de Jesus K., Correia Santos Bonomo D., Martins Arruda J., de Pinho J. C., Belacho Azeredo Coutinho J., Braga Hagreaves Ribeiro de Freitas R., de Souza Oliveira Garcia T., Frizera Vassallo P., Buarque Souza de Lima M. H., Eberhart Neto E., Satoshi Inagaki A., Oliveira de Paula A. E., Amador Correia T., Nomoto S., Seiji Ueno Gil F., Florizel Almeida de Araujo M., Bezerra Lima Z., Simoes Giancursi T., Rejane de Lima C., Costa M., Osaku E. F., Jorge A. C., Rodrigues da Cruz M., da Cunha S., Silva Cavallaro Torres K., Rocha Rodrigues da Silva F., Lisboa de Souza R., Osni Machado F., Buss E. K., Cattelan Bonorino K., Germano A., Bin da Silva S. R., Herek A., Tavares Gurgel S. J., Sanches Laranjeira A., Toshiyuki Tanita M., Tibery Queiroz Cardoso L., Osorio Guerreiro M., Peres Bainy M., de Oliveira Teixeira L., Colozza Mecatti G., Carolina Salomao M., Ribeiro Moreira A., Vantini Capasso Palamim C., Deucher R. A. O., Castro Escobar Furlan F., Rodrigues Torres de Carvalho F., Muniz R., Penna Guimaraes H., Conceicao Andrade L., Abrahao Hajjar L., Barbosa Gomes Galas F. R., Pinheiro de Almeida J., Marco R., Peixoto E., Hirata F., Yen Ju C., Bonaccorsi Fernandino B., Lage de Assis Rocha D., Azzi Barbosa N., Dias Alves J., Furtado Lamego L., de Linhares J. M., Ferreira Sousa M., Ferreira de Souza M. M., Guimaraes de Carvalho F. L., Aparecida Leite M., Torres P., Bolognese D., Lacerda V., Cisari G., Souza Marques A., Amarante Costa A., Bonin Campos L., Lovato W. J., Guimaraes Dantas B., Ribeiro Campos D., Pires Barrientto L. C., Rossi Peras Americo V., Barboza Carnevalli Bueno T., Morales D., Mara Gomes T., Barbosa Cerantola R., Hoher J., Sa Malbouisson L. M., Matheus Cadamuro F., Bassi E., Maia R., Dias E Santos J. A., Oliveira C., Balzi A. P., Tierno P., Marques Andrade G., Delascio Lopes R., Ramos Mello M., Vendrame L. S., Ribeiro Machado F., Baccaro Rossetti Santana H., de Carvalho A., Marques Ferreira Mendez V., de Araujo Macedo Pinto W., Dos Santos Francisco R., Steponovicius Piedade Cruz F., Silva de Araujo A., Paiva de Souza A., Teixeira Pinheiro T., Martins Santos T., Gontijo-Coutinho C. M., Franci D., de Carvalho-Filho M. A., Ribas Rosa de Oliveira A. M., Silva J. M., Costa Lisboa T., Peretti Torelly A., Silva de Souza A., Hadrich M., Schwarz P., Berto P., Teixeira de Gois A. F., Silva M., Gessolo Lins P., Cavalcante Lola Biazzoto E. P., Dragosavac D., Ribeiro de Carvalho C. R., Passos Amato M. B., Toufen C., Ribeiro de Santis Santiago R., Hirota A. S., Rodrigues M., Dias Chiavegato L., Bastos Vieira P. C., de Almeida M. M. M. F., Barbosa P. G., Pereira Santos J. R., Nogueira de Paula L., Piras C., Giuberti J., Siqueira da Silva A., Conti Ramos R., Plata Valdivieso R., Gonzalez H. H., Ortiz M., Bautista-Rincon D. F., Quinones E., Calderon L. E., Vargas M., Pizarro C., Orozco Levi M., Espitia Hernandez A. M., Cadavid Gutierrez C., Giraldo Ramirez N., Gallego D. A., Naranjo Sierra S., Ortiz G., Esneda Rocha Gaona M., Garay M., Vieda E., Bermudez W. F., Castaneda J. A., Cortegiani A., Russotto V., Raineri S. M., Giarratano A., Shahnaz Hasan M., Rai Hakumat Rai V., Fadhil Hadi Bin Jamaluddin M., Afiq Syahmi Ramli M., Gorka J., Nowak I., Seczynska B., Sega A., Paulino C., Povoa P., Belda F. J., Ferrando C., Carbonell J. A., Puig J., Soro M., Nin N., Hurtado J., Gacel A., Gaudin A., Sande L., Cavalcanti, A, Suzumura, E, Laranjeira, L, De Moraes Paisani, D, Damiani, L, Guimaraes, H, Romano, E, De Moraes Regenga, M, Taniguchi, L, Teixeira, C, De Oliveira, R, Machado, F, Diaz-Quijano, F, De Alencar Filho, M, Maia, I, Caser, E, De Oliveira Filho, W, De Carvalho Borges, M, De Aquino Martins, P, Matsui, M, Ospina-Tascon, G, Giancursi, T, Giraldo-Ramirez, N, Vieira, S, De Lima Assef, M, Hasan, M, Szczeklik, W, Rios, F, Amato, M, Berwanger, O, De Carvalho, C, Tucci, M, Souza Dos Santos, L, Franca de Oliveira, M, Peres, I, Freitas, I, Reis, H, Verissimo, A, Torres, D, Barroso, A, Semboloni Bitencourt, W, Franco, M, Oliveira Lage, J, Aparecida Pessoa Conde, K, Charro, F, Naia, A, de Brito Sobrinho, E, Lameira Verissimo, A, Barros de Oliveira, M, Zampieri, F, Ladeira, J, Cordioli, R, Diogo Sala, A, Tadahiro Ikeoka, D, Baptista Filho, M, Ray, A, Guerra de Almeida, A, Nazareno Conceicao, C, Ribeiro Salgado, D, Rosso Verdeal, J, Martins, G, Junqueira Ribeiro, L, Vilela Siqueira, H, Flavio Costa Filho, F, Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen, B, Vieira Do Nascimento Martins, E, Aparecida Pereira, J, Milioli Ferreira, D, Alves Ferreira Goncalves, F, de Souza Nobrega, M, Barros Duarte, I, Nobre, V, Miranda Barreto Mourao, L, Gomez Ravetti, C, Scalzo, A, Martins De Stefano, L, Gut, A, Nogueira Filho, W, Gatti Cirillo, C, Ishiwaki, S, Lobo, S, Elias de Oliveira, N, Fernandes Machado, L, Sisconetto, L, Rios Vieira, S, Fialkow, L, Fontoura Prado, K, Franke, C, Barberena Moraes, R, Christmann Wawrzeniak, I, Rech, T, Parolo, E, Almeida Victorino, J, Marques Barroso, C, Marcal de Vasconcelos, M, Souza da Silva, R, Lesti Esteves, A, Camassola, A, Antoniazzi, R, Griebler, M, Favretto, J, Romano, M, Franz da Costa, A, Werneck, V, Miura, M, Farran, J, Vasconcelos, R, Isola, A, Resende, E, Goulart, R, Luzzi, S, Rea-Neto, A, de Oliveira, M, Bruinje Cosentino, M, Martins Dzivielevski, B, Reese, F, Ferreira da 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Matheus Cadamuro, F, Bassi, E, Maia, R, Dias E Santos, J, Oliveira, C, Balzi, A, Tierno, P, Marques Andrade, G, Delascio Lopes, R, Ramos Mello, M, Vendrame, L, Ribeiro Machado, F, Baccaro Rossetti Santana, H, de Carvalho, A, Marques Ferreira Mendez, V, de Araujo Macedo Pinto, W, Dos Santos Francisco, R, Steponovicius Piedade Cruz, F, Silva de Araujo, A, Paiva de Souza, A, Teixeira Pinheiro, T, Martins Santos, T, Gontijo-Coutinho, C, Franci, D, de Carvalho-Filho, M, Ribas Rosa de Oliveira, A, Silva, J, Costa Lisboa, T, Peretti Torelly, A, Silva de Souza, A, Hadrich, M, Schwarz, P, Berto, P, Teixeira de Gois, A, Silva, M, Gessolo Lins, P, Cavalcante Lola Biazzoto, E, Dragosavac, D, Ribeiro de Carvalho, C, Passos Amato, M, Toufen, C, Ribeiro de Santis Santiago, R, Hirota, A, Rodrigues, M, Dias Chiavegato, L, Bastos Vieira, P, de Almeida, M, Barbosa, P, Pereira Santos, J, Nogueira de Paula, L, Piras, C, Giuberti, J, Siqueira da Silva, A, Conti Ramos, R, Plata Valdivieso, R, Gonzalez, H, Ortiz, M, Bautista-Rincon, D, Quinones, E, Calderon, L, Vargas, M, Pizarro, C, Orozco Levi, M, Espitia Hernandez, A, Cadavid Gutierrez, C, Giraldo Ramirez, N, Gallego, D, Naranjo Sierra, S, Ortiz, G, Esneda Rocha Gaona, M, Garay, M, Vieda, E, Bermudez, W, Castaneda, J, Cortegiani, A, Russotto, V, Raineri, S, Giarratano, A, Shahnaz Hasan, M, Rai Hakumat Rai, V, Fadhil Hadi Bin Jamaluddin, M, Afiq Syahmi Ramli, M, Gorka, J, Nowak, I, Seczynska, B, Sega, A, Paulino, C, Povoa, P, Belda, F, Ferrando, C, Carbonell, J, Puig, J, Soro, M, Nin, N, Hurtado, J, Gacel, A, Gaudin, A, Sande, L, Cavalcanti A. B., Suzumura E. A., Laranjeira L. N., De Moraes Paisani D., Damiani L. P., Guimaraes H. P., Romano E. R., De Moraes Regenga M., Taniguchi L. N. T., Teixeira C., De Oliveira R. P., Machado F. R., Diaz-Quijano F. A., De Alencar Filho M. S., Maia I. S., Caser E. B., De Oliveira Filho W., De Carvalho Borges M., De Aquino Martins P., Matsui M., Ospina-Tascon G. A., Giancursi T. S., Giraldo-Ramirez N. D., Vieira S. R. R., De Lima Assef M. D. G. P., Hasan M. S., Szczeklik W., Rios F., Amato M. B. P., Berwanger O., De Carvalho C. R. R., Tucci M. R., Souza Dos Santos L., Franca de Oliveira M. C., Peres I., Freitas I., Reis H., Verissimo A., Torres D., Barroso A., Semboloni Bitencourt W., Franco M. R., Oliveira Lage J., Aparecida Pessoa Conde K., Charro F. A., Naia A., de Brito Sobrinho E., Lameira Verissimo A., Barros de Oliveira M. E., Zampieri F., Ladeira J. P., Cordioli R., Diogo Sala A., Tadahiro Ikeoka D., Baptista Filho M. L. A., Ray A., Guerra de Almeida A., Nazareno Conceicao C., Ribeiro Salgado D., Rosso Verdeal J. C., Martins G. A., Junqueira Ribeiro L., Vilela Siqueira H., Flavio Costa Filho F., Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen B., Vieira Do Nascimento Martins E., Aparecida Pereira J., Milioli Ferreira D., Alves Ferreira Goncalves F., de Souza Nobrega M., Barros Duarte I. J., Nobre V., Miranda Barreto Mourao L., Gomez Ravetti C., Scalzo A. C., Martins De Stefano L., Gut A. L., Nogueira Filho W., Gatti Cirillo C., Ishiwaki S., Lobo S., Elias de Oliveira N., Fernandes Machado L., Sisconetto L., Rios Vieira S. R., Fialkow L., Fontoura Prado K., Franke C., Barberena Moraes R., Christmann Wawrzeniak I., Rech T. H., Parolo E., Almeida Victorino J., Marques Barroso C., Marcal de Vasconcelos M. O., Souza da Silva R., Lesti Esteves A. R., Camassola A. P., Antoniazzi R., Griebler M., Favretto J., Romano M., Franz da Costa A., Werneck V., Miura M. C., Farran J., Vasconcelos R., Isola A., Resende E., Goulart R., Luzzi S., Rea-Neto A., de Oliveira M. C., Bruinje Cosentino M. F., Martins Dzivielevski B., Reese F. B., Ferreira da Silva S. D., Elias Aquim E., Girotto F., Helenditi Fernandes Camurca Martins R., Lima de Andrade A., Breckenfeld Heirel D. C., Ryoji Takatani R., Dias de Almeida S., Medina Matos A., Iwamoto T., Do Val Tavares P. E., Valiatti J. L., de Lucca F. C., Fornazari J. C., Dias Brugugnolli I., de Araujo Nazare M., Nascimento Loureiro N., Vasconcelos de Sousa G., Staffa Gonzaga da Silva L., Dos Anjos Sad F. C., Stucchi E. M., Melo Silva R., Fonseca Silva T., Mendes Filho S. P., Borba Pereira T., da Silva P. N., Martines Moralez G., Abrantes Saraiva S., Abrunhosa A., Chagas C. E. R. C., Thompson M. M., Pinto Goncalves C. H., de Oliveira Dias R., Schwan Filho F., Magalhaes Carvalho Grion C., Mezzaroba A. L., Festti J., Massariol T. C., de Souza G. F., Martins Lima Silva M., de Souza Andrade Neto J., Costa G., Souza Ribeiro M., Coelho M., Cruz Carbonell R. C., de Souza Trindade R., Valente Barbas C. S., Domingos Correa T., Serpa Neto A., Santucci Cesar de Assuncao M., Vilela Costa Pinto B., Goncalves Libanio P., da Silva Motta J., Santa Maria Lucin G., Macedo Araujo L., Anibal Leite Barros Agostinho T., de Andrade K. M., da Silva M. S., Pereira da Silva E., Mousinho Gomes R. L., Campos N. M. P., Fonseca de Sousa J., Ramos Nicolau da Costa L., de Carvalho Fonseca Assuncao N. S., Martins de Lima G., Pinheiro de Oliveira R., Gasparetto Maccari J., de Campos Balzano P., Tagliari L., Metran Nascente A. P., de Carvalho M. A., Buttignol M., Henn Moura R., Vinicius Pereira M., Alberti da Silva G., Akemi Higo M., Morales M., Andrade A. H. V., de Paiva A. P., da Silva K. S., Andrioli de Araujo P., Cordeiro de Abreu Filho C. A., Abdalla G., Loureiro Sebold M., Moreira R., Caldeira Filho M., de Brito Cordeiro R., Pfuetzenreiter F., Costa Carvalho L. F., da Silva Guimaraes B. L., de Faria Cordeiro H., Pimentel Alvim S. H., Do Espirito Santo J. A., Silva Maia I., Pincelli M., Zandonai C. L., Burigo Grumann A. C., Kretzer L. P., Nedel W., Manozzo Boniatti M., Santos Pellegrini J. A., da Silva Marques L., Girardelli Baptista W. C., da Silva Franco R. S., Moreira de Sousa M., de Marchi Benfica A. F., Veiga de Oliveira A. L., Reis D. L., Morais M. O., Santa Rosa Santana H., Murilo Domingues S., de Menezes Ferreira C., Amado Rabelo L., Menezes de Rezende C., Riccio P., Silva de Almeida P., Rubini P., da Graca Pasquotto de Lima Assef M., Nardela R., Locks Stahlhofer L., Gatelli Noronha C., de Azevedo Naves S., Dias da Silva F., Mazza B. F., Longhi Simoes de Almeida S., Mayumi Higa R., Papacidero C. H., Lima Silva M. M., de Assuncao Melo L., Miranda Mafra Oliveira M., Matos Brito Coelho C., Machado J. A., de Souza Machado Y. L., Vitor Fera J., Dos Santos Ramos N. C., Botelho Foernges R., de Souza R. R., Rutzen W., Villasante Troncoso E. M., Paiva T. K. B., Vieira de Lacerda N. M., Aires de Araujo Neto J., de Oliveira Maia M., Bastos de Moura E., Brocco Magnan G., Soares Nasrala M. L., Campos Tonussi R. L., Kohl Pinheiro E., Simoes da Silva F., Dal-Pizzol F., Schmitz de Figueiredo F., Ritter C., de Vasconcellos Baldisserotto S., Blattner C., Saldanha Dos Santos R., da Silva Bettega F., Almeida Delfino Duarte P., Tozo T. C., Peliser P., Deczka Morsch R., Guimaraes Leal Guadalupe E., Souza Amorim D., Rezegue de Moraes Rego L., Azevedo L., Ramos F., Pastore L., Nery P., Spegiorin Moreno M., Nakad Orsatti V., Yudi Horikawa F., Samartino Zavanelli G., Adrieno Westphal G., Sperotto G., Dadam M., Nunes M., Pantaleao S. L., Camargo Narciso R., Bernadete Caser E., Falcao J. 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E., Vargas M., Pizarro C., Orozco Levi M., Espitia Hernandez A. M., Cadavid Gutierrez C., Giraldo Ramirez N., Gallego D. A., Naranjo Sierra S., Ortiz G., Esneda Rocha Gaona M., Garay M., Vieda E., Bermudez W. F., Castaneda J. A., Cortegiani A., Russotto V., Raineri S. M., Giarratano A., Shahnaz Hasan M., Rai Hakumat Rai V., Fadhil Hadi Bin Jamaluddin M., Afiq Syahmi Ramli M., Gorka J., Nowak I., Seczynska B., Sega A., Paulino C., Povoa P., Belda F. J., Ferrando C., Carbonell J. A., Puig J., Soro M., Nin N., Hurtado J., Gacel A., Gaudin A., and Sande L.

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: The effects of recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine if lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance decreases 28-day mortality of patients with moderate to severe ARDS compared with a conventional low-PEEP strategy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter, randomized trial conducted at 120 intensive care units (ICUs) from 9 countries from November 17, 2011, through April 25, 2017, enrolling adults with moderate to severe ARDS. INTERVENTIONS: An experimental strategy with a lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance (n = 501; experimental group) or a control strategy of low PEEP (n = 509). All patients received volume-assist control mode until weaning. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality until 28 days. Secondary outcomes were length of ICU and hospital stay; ventilator-free days through day 28; pneumothorax requiring drainage within 7 days; barotrauma within 7 days; and ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality. RESULTS: A total of 1010 patients (37.5% female; mean [SD] age, 50.9 [17.4] years) were enrolled and followed up. At 28 days, 277 of 501 patients (55.3%) in the experimental group and 251 of 509 patients (49.3%) in the control group had died (hazard ratio [HR], 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.42; P = .041). Compared with the control group, the experimental group strategy increased 6-month mortality (65.3% vs 59.9%; HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.38; P = .04), decreased the number of mean ventilator-free days (5.3 vs 6.4; difference, −1.1; 95% CI, −2.1 to −0.1; P = .03), increased the risk of pneumothorax requiring drainage (3.2% vs 1.2%; difference, 2.0%; 95% CI, 0.0% to 4.0%; P = .03), and the risk of barotrauma (5.6% vs 1.6%; difference, 4.0%; 95% CI

Published
2017

36. Uso de ferramentas tecnológicas no curso de desenvolvimento de Matemática 1 na Universidade Tecnológica de Pereira

Author

Montes, J. W., Escobar, R. M., and Cadavid, G. C.

Subjects
práticas educativas, research, mathematics, pesquisa, learning process, colaboración, matemáticas, collaboration, Autonomia, proceso de aprendizaje, Autonomía, investigación, prácticas educativas, technological resources, recursos tecnológicos, proposal, educational practices, processo de aprendizagem, Autonomy, proposta, colaboração
Abstract

Resumen: En los cursos de matemáticas 1 de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, históricamente se ha presentado una problemática en los resultados académicos de los estudiantes, donde dicha materia registra un porcentaje alto de reprobación que conlleva a la repitencia de la asignatura y en los casos más críticos, a la deserción. Los profesores del departamento de matemáticas proponen transformar algunas prácticas educativas para responder al contexto de la población atendida. Con el objetivo de apoyar los procesos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, se diseña y valida una propuesta donde se utilizan recursos tecnológicos con intenciones educativas específicas, que acompañen el desarrollo de la asignatura complementando las sesiones presenciales y fortaleciendo habilidades en el estudiante que le permitan tener mayor autonomía, investigación y colaboración. Abstract: In the Mathematics courses 1 of the Technological University of Pereira; historically, there has been a problem in the academic results of students, where this subject has a high percentage of failure, which leads to the repetition of the subject and in the most critical cases of desertion. The professors of the department of mathematics, propose to transform some educational practices, to respond to the context of the attended population. With the aim of supporting the learning processes of the students, a proposal is designed and validated using technological resources with specific educational intentions, to accompay the development of the subject complementing the face-to-face sessions; strengthening student skills that allow greater autonomy, research and collaboration. Resumo: Nos cursos de Matemática 1 da Universidade Tecnológica de Pereira; historicamente, tem havido um problema nos resultados acadêmicos dos alunos, onde esta tem uma alta porcentagem de falha, o que leva à repetição do assunto e nos casos mais críticos de deserção. Os professores do departamento de matemática, propõem transformar algumas práticas educacionais, para responder ao contexto da população atendida. Com o objetivo de apoiar os processos de aprendizagem dos alunos, uma proposta é projetada e validada usando recursos tecnológicos com intenções educacionais específicas, que acompanha o desenvolvimento do sujeito que complementa as sessões presenciais; fortalecendo as habilidades dos estudantes que permitem maior autonomia, pesquisa e colaboração.

Published
2018

37. Equivalent Model of a Three Phase System of Photovoltaic Generation to Analyze Voltage Variations in a Radial Distribution System.

Author

Toro-Cadavid, J. C., Saavedra-Montes, A. J., and Ramos-Paja, C. A.

Subjects
*RADIAL distribution function, *PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation, *ELECTRIC potential, *PARAMETER estimation, *SYSTEM analysis, *MICROGRIDS
Abstract

In this paper, the modelling of a three-phase photovoltaic system, for analyzing voltage variation in a radial distribution system, is presented. The radial distribution system is represented by a benchmark which is widely used in the analysis of distribution systems with distributed generation, and electrical microgrids. The parameters estimation of this model is performed by selecting the aerial distribution of conductors and then calculating the sequence components. Moreover, a model of a three-phase photovoltaic generation system for analyzing voltage variations is proposed. The model represents an array of photovoltaic panels, a dc/dc converter with its control system, and a three-phase inverter. The software MATLAB/Simulink is chosen to simulate both the distribution and the photovoltaic systems. All the components of the three-phase photovoltaic system are parametrized with information of commercial equipment. To facilitate the implementation of the system model in the analysis program, reduced models of its components are selected. Finally, the proposed model of the three-phase photovoltaic system is validated by simulating single-phase faults along the feeder and changes of irradiance over the photovoltaic generators and observing the voltage behavior in one node of the distribution system. The results show that irradiance changes and single-phase faults affect the voltage behavior depending on the photovoltaic penetration level and the generators location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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38. Diseño y construcción de un prototipo digital para diagnósticar fallas en motores de inducción

Author

Ricardo Velásquez, A. V., Diego Cadavid, R. C., and Fernando Villada

Subjects
lcsh:TN1-997, lcsh:T, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Abstract

En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de un prototipo digital utilizando un procesador de señales digitales DSP, al cual se le han incorporado dos algoritmos para diagnosticar fallas en el estator de motores de inducción. El primer algoritmo utiliza las redes neuronales artificiales para estimar la corriente de secuencia negativa, la cual es utilizada como indicador de falla. El segundo algoritmo utiliza la impedancia de secuencia inversa como indicador de falla. Se presenta la estructura general del prototipo y su implementación. Se incluyen los resultados obtenidos experimentalmente en un motor de 3 HP utilizando medida en línea a través del prototipo digital

Published
2007

39. An Interdisciplinary Team Based Research Initiative Through Active Learning to Increase Undergraduate Students' Motivation, Engagement, and Retention.

Author

Mirzaei, Shahnam, Cadavid, Ana C., and Pedone, Vicki A.

Abstract

Recent engineering education research point out several key problems that engineering students experience during the academic years. Electrical, Electronics, and Computer Engineering majors are not exception to this. The key issues vary from one major to another but some can be pointed out such as: low motivation, low retention rate in engineering programs, switch to other majors or drop out from engineering program, poor teaching and advising, the difficulty of the engineering curriculum, and a lack of "belonging" within engineering majors. Statistics indicate a large drop in the continuation rate between the first and third years among Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (STEM) students. As students encounter increasing course difficulty in the early stages of their programs, they often lack motivation to persist because they have weak connections to their majors and potential careers in STEM. The Summer Interdisciplinary Team Experience (SITE), part of the National Science Foundation Science Talent Expansion Program aimed at increasing the number of bachelor degrees awarded in STEM fields, focused on students finishing sophomore-level courses in engineering, math, and physical sciences. The primary goal of SITE was to create a STEM community through participation in small research projects that students worked collaboratively on from concept to completion. In this 3- week summer program, students in interdisciplinary teams of ten worked closely with faculty mentors to develop solutions to socially relevant STEM problems. The projects emphasized hands-on activities and interdisciplinary team-based learning and decision making in order to keep students motivated and interested throughout the project. Faculty mentors first introduced the team to the project concept, then helped them develop the skills and knowledge needed to implement solutions. At the end of the 3-week period, each team made a formal presentation that discussed goals, methodologies, challenges and results. The presentations were accompanied by a live demonstration of the final product. Qualitative assessment based on participants' answers to exit questionnaires show that the program has relatively accomplished its goal to increase motivation to complete the STEM major. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

40. DNA barcode in an assembly of montane Andean butterflies (Satyrinae): increased geographical scale on identification performance

Author

Marín, Mario A., Cadavid, Isabel C., Álvarez, Carlos Federico, Vila, Roger, Pyrcz, Tomasz W., and Uribe, Sandra I.

Abstract

Trabajo presentado en el V Encuentro de Lepidoptera Neotropicales "Diversidad, Evolución, Ecología, Conservación" (ELEN 2015), celebrado en Tucumán (Argentina) del 16 al 20 de noviembre de 2015., The DNA barcode is a technique that allows the documentation and identification of species, useful for studies in different areas as taxonomy, population genetics, community ecology, conservation biology, insect-plant interaction, species invasion, and integrated pest management. Butterflies have received particular attention in DNA barcode studies which, however, yielded somewhat contradictory results attributed to geographical sampling and speciation processes. Neotropical montane Satyrinae, in particular the subtribe Pronophilini with over 600 species and high morphological similarþ among species making their taxonomic identification diffrcult, is an interesting study group to be analyzed with DNA barcode. In the present study were evaluated the eflectiveness of DNA barcodes in the identification of Andean satyrines and the effect of increased geographical scale of sampling on DNA barcode identification performance. Were obtained the sequences from 104 specimens of 39 species and 16 genera, collected in a forest remnant in the northwest Andes. The DNA barcode showed useful in the identification of specimens, with well-defined gaps and forming monophyletic clusters with unambiguous identifications for all the species in the study area which were previously identified tentatively by morphological traits. The expansion of the geographical scale increased genetic distances within species and reduced between species, but did not significantly reduce the success of specimen identification, with only a few cases with substantial variation in specimens identification from study area, such as in Forsterinaria rustica which lost the barcode gap and has ambiguous identification and low monophyletic support. Also, a substantial increase in the intraspecific distance was evidencedin Morpho sulkowsþi, Panyapedaliodes drymaea, Lymanopoda obsoleta, and L. Iabdabut these species kept the barcode gap. DNA barcode confirms useful in specimen identification but it is necessary to examine more specimens adding more data on their external morphology variation, genitalia and ecological features to determine their taxonomic status.

Published
2015

44. Optimización de parámetros y de valores de inicio para el modelo de HOLT basado en señales de rastreo

Author

Castro, C. A. (Carlos Alberto) and Uribe-Cadavid, D. C. (Diana Cecilia)

Subjects
PERFORMANCE MEASURES, ORGANIZACIÓN E INDUSTRIA, REI00141, ORGANIZATION AND INDUSTRY, SUAVIZACIÓN EXPONENCIAL DE HOLT, HOLTS EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING, TIME SERIES, MEDIDAS DE DESEMPEÑO, FORECASTING, BUSINESS FORECASTING, PRONÓSTICOS, PRONÓSTICO DE LOS NEGOCIOS, SERIES DE TIEMPO
Abstract

Los modelos de series de tiempo son técnicas cuantitativas con frecuencia utilizadas para realizar pronósticos de variables, dentro de los cuales se encuentran los modelos de suavización, en particular el de suavización con ajuste de tendencia, llamado también modelo de Holt, que requiere la definición de los parámetros a y b y conocidos como coeficientes de suavización y de los valores de inicio que son fundamentales para su actualización. En este artículo se propone una forma de obtener estos valores mediante la optimización del rango de la señal de rastreo (TSR) que permitan lograr un modelo más confiable desde el punto de vista de la exactitud de los resultados y de su desempeño histórico. Se realizan algunas comparaciones con modelos propuestos que utilizan la desviación absoluta media (MAD) y el error cuadrado medio (MSE) las cuales son las medidas tradicionalmente utilizadas para determinar el grado de exactitud de un modelo, lográndose obtener un comportamiento mejor de modelo. Time series models are quantitative techniques commonly used to forecast the behavior of variables. These models include the exponential smoothing with trend or Holt model that requires the definition of the smoothing constants α and β and the initialization values, both required for the model upgrade. This paper proposes a different way to obtain the parameter values and initial conditions of the Holts model, optimizing the tracking signal range (TSR), in order to achieve a more robust model from the viewpoint of accuracy of the results and historical performance. Some comparisons between the proposed approach and the traditional methods based on the mean absolute deviation (MAD) and the mean square error (MSE) are provided. These are the measures traditionally used to determine the degree of accuracy of a model, and a better model performance is obtained.

Published
2010

45. Aplicación de CONWIP para mejorar los ciclos de retorno de canastillas para el manejo de frutas y verduras en almacenes de cadena

Author

Vasco-Mesa, J. A. (Johny Alejandro), Uribe-Cadavid, D. C. (Diana Cecilia), and Diez-Montoya, J. F. (Juan Felipe)

Subjects
REVERSE LOGISTICS, RSO00029, CONSTANT WORK IN PROCESS ( CONWIP ), ORGANISATION OF PRODUCTION, CICLO DE RETORNO, RETURN CYCLE, CALIDAD DEL PRODUCTO, ORGANIZACIÓN E INDUSTRIA, PRODUCT QUALITY, ORGANIZACIÓN DE LA PRODUCCIÓN, LOGÍSTICA INVERSA, ORGANIZATION AND INDUSTRY
Abstract

Este artículo presenta una alternativa para optimizar la calidad y frescura de las frutas y verduras que adquiere el consumidor final, visto desde la evaluación y optimización de los ciclos de retorno de las canastillas en los centros de distribución (CEDI) en Medellín y puntos de venta de una cadena de almacenes estudiada para la zona de Medellín y la Costa Atlántica. Para optimizar los ciclos de retorno se ha creído que sólo se debe estudiar la logística directa de los productos desde que salen del CEDI hasta que llegan a los almacenes, con lo cual sólo se está estudiando la mitad del problema. Los almacenes de cadena deben garantizar que las canastillas retornen al proveedor para que éste pueda empacar nuevamente sus productos, es decir, estudiar la logística inversa o de reversa, un nuevo concepto fundamental para todas aquellas empresas que tienen conciencia por el medio ambiente y se preocupan por la recuperación de los productos al final de su vida útil. This paper presents an alternative to optimize the quality and freshness of the fruits and vegetables bought by final consumer, according to the evaluation and optimization of the return cycles of the plastic containers in the distribution centers (CEDI) in Medellín and in points of sale of a store chain studied for the zone of Medellín and the Atlantic Coast. In order to optimize the return cycles, people has believed that it is only necessary to study the direct logistics of products since they leave the CEDI until they arrive at the stores, consequently, only half of the problem is being studied. Retailers must guarantee to their supplier that the plastic containers return so that he can pack his products again, that is to say, to study inverse or reverse logistic, a new fundamental concept for all those companies that they have consciousness about environment and they worry about the recovery of products at the end of their life utility.

Published
2009

46. Atención oportuna a usuarios en salas de atención personalizada (estudio de caso)

Author

Uribe-Cadavid, D. C. (Diana Cecilia)

Subjects
QUEUING THEORY, PRESTACIÓN DE SERVICIOS, TEORÍA DE LÍNEAS DE ESPERA, RSO00021, ORGANIZACIÓN E INDUSTRIA, PROVISION OF SERVICES, ORGANIZATION AND INDUSTRY
Abstract

Según la encuesta de satisfacción realizada en noviembre de 2004 por la empresa en estudio, se encontraron como factores de insatisfacción: tiempo de espera y atención del personal. Tiempo de espera fue la peor calificada. Se analizaron las causas de los tiempos prolongados y largas colas que estaban experimentando los usuarios. Se comprobó que la cantidad de clientes que llegaban al sistema de servicio no tenía ningún patrón de demanda que permitiera pronosticar épocas de mayor afluencia. Se analizó el sistema como un modelo de líneas de espera multicanal, una sola fase y se encontró que el número de clientes que llegaban al sistema en un período determinado se distribuía según Poisson, pero los tiempos de servicio no tenían el comportamiento exponencial requerido para solucionar matemáticamente el problema. Se procedió a simular el sistema con distribuciones para cada servidor, servicios de corta y larga duración, jornadas de descanso. Se evidenció que el sistema perdía capacidad durante la hora de almuerzo, aumentando la espera de los clientes. Se evaluaron soluciones para mejorar la capacidad. According to the survey of satisfaction made by the company in study in November of 2004, they were like two dissatisfaction factors: time spent in queue and attention in charge of the personnel. Time spent in queue was the worst qualified. The causes of the long waiting times and large queues that the users were experiencing were analyzed. It was verified that the amount of customers who arrived at the system did not have any pattern of demand that allowed forecasting periods of greater affluence. The system was analyzed as a model of multi-channel lines with a single phase, where the number of customers arriving in a period has a Poisson distribution, but the service times did not have the exponential behavior required to solve mathematically the problem. The system was simulated using probabilistic distributions for each server and specifying the different services the customers needed. It was obvious that the system lost capacity during lunch time, increasing the time spent in queue of the customers. Several solutions were evaluated to improve the capacity.

Published
2008

47. Seguimiento microbiológico durante la elaboración de mozzarella

Author

Gutiérrez, Celina, Draksler, Diana, Nuñez, Martha Susana, Gonzalez, Silvia Nelina, Pesce de Ruiz Holgado, Aida Argentina, Otaviano, Antonio Roberto, and Cadavid, H. C.

Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Ciencias Biológicas, MOZZARELLA, LECHE, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, BUFALA, MICROBIOLOGIA, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

La leche de búfala constituye un excelente alimento para el consumo humano directo y para la fabricación de derivados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar un estudio comparativo de la variación de pH y de los recuentos de coliformes y bacterias lácticas durante la elaboración y conservación (al vacío y en suero) de mozzarella utilizando leche cruda y pasteurizada. Para ello se procesaron muestras de ambas leches, cuajada, masa hilada, mozzarella antes y después de la salmuera y a los 4, 7 y 15 días de elaboración. Diluciones adecuadas de cada una de las muestras fueron sembradas en medios de cultivos selectivos. Los resultados mostraron mayores recuentos de coliformes totales hasta la fase de hilado al utilizarse leche cruda en comparación a la pasteurizada; posteriormente esta población bacteriana disminuyó en ambas elaboraciones. En cuanto a las bacterias lácticas sólo se observaron menores recuentos una vez pasteurizada la leche. En referencia a los tipos de conservación se observó un descenso gradual del pH y una estabilidad en los recuentos bacterianos en la mozzarella conservada en suero. En el caso del queso envasado al vacío, el pH fue más bajo y presentó pequeñas variaciones en los recuentos microbianos. Estos resultados permiten concluir que la fase de hilado presenta un potencial microbicida al reducir la carga microbiana del queso, comparable al de la pasteurización. La conservación del queso en suero demostró mantener los recuentos bacterianos evaluados y el pH más estables en el tiempo. Fil: Gutiérrez, Celina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina Fil: Draksler, Diana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina Fil: Nuñez, Martha Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino; Argentina Fil: Gonzalez, Silvia Nelina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina Fil: Pesce de Ruiz Holgado, Aida Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia; Argentina Fil: Otaviano, Antonio Roberto. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Cadavid, H. C.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil. Universidad de Antioquía; Colombia

Published
2005

49. General relativistic solitons. II

Author

Cadavid, A. C. and Fikelstein, R. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
Abstract

We investigate the possible existence of non-topological solitons in string-like theories, or in other completions of Einstein theory, by examining a simple extension of standard theory that describes a non-linear scalar field interacting with the Einstein, Maxwell and Weyl (dilaton) fields. The Einstein and Maxwell couplings are standard while the dilatonic coupling is taken to agree with string models. The non-linear scalar potential is quite general. It is found to be impossible to satisfy the dilatonic boundary conditions. Excluding the dilaton field we find a variety of solitonic structures differing in ways that depend on the non-linear potential. In general the excited states exhibit a discrete mass spectrum. At large distances the gravitational field approaches the Reissner-Nordstrom solution., Comment: TEX, 22 pages, 5 figures

Published
1999
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