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Extensive field surveys were conducted (2017-2020) in Rajasthan during different seasons to know population status of Ammannia desertorum. Results revealed that populations from earlier reported localities were totally depleted. A single new population with 30-40 mature individuals is reported from Akal wood fossil park. Based on its current population data and Area of Occurrence (AOO) it is summarized as regionally critically endangered (criteria- CR/A2ac;B2ab(iii);D1) Also provided its past and current distribution map along with colored Photoplate for its easy identification.

Genus Calligonum is represented by only two species from Rajasthan, India belonging to family Polygonaceae and Calligonum crinitum Boiss. is reported here for the first time from India on the basis of a recent collection from Indian desert (Rajasthan) and the same is reported here for its extended distribution from Pakistan to India. This paper deals with review on all three species with a brief taxonomic description along with photo illustration given for their easier identification.

A new species of Aloe from the Indian Desert, India, is described and illustrated as Aloe trinervis sp. nov. The new species shows similarity with Aloe vera in having succulent, rosette leaves, persistent bracts, free tepals, and six stamens but differs in the recurved teeth instead of deltoid teeth on the leaf margins, 3-nerved bracts, branched and taller inflorescences (90–95 cm long), longer flowers of 31–34 mm in length, flowers with a pale green color being brownish at middle, and longer stamens (29–33 mm). A detailed description with data on its distribution and relevant taxonomic notes, comparative morphological, and color photo plate are provided for easy identification of the proposed new species, A. trinervis in relation to A. vera.

Moringa concanensis Nimmo. ex Dalz. & Gibs. is rare economic important plant distributed in Indian desert. Plant parts are used for different medicinal purposes. Present study was conducted to assess its status in nature as well as different seed germination treatment for its ex-situ conservation. Study revealed that germination was 100% in coco-peat media while, it was 97.56% in polythene bags. Seedling mortality was more (39.46%) in coco-peat media. After transplantation seedlings showed 82% survival in field.

Over expolitation of tubers of Ceropegia bulbosa var. lushii which is a narrow endemic in the Indian Desert has drastically declined its populations and made it threatened. This was confirmed by its absence at its previously reported sites in Barmer, Jodhpur, Jalore, Jhunjhunun and Jaisalmer. Its occurance in Jhalawar, a previously reported site and at another unreported site at Jalore with density of only 4-12 plants/ha confirmed that it has become rarer. Reasons for declining populations in terms of density and occurrence of C. bulbosa var. lushii due to both extrinsic and intrinsic factors (= threats) have been investigated in this paper. Extrinsic factors include overexploitation of tubers, habitat loss and fragmentation due to mining. Six tubers brought from its native sites regenerated successfully at Desert Botanical Garden , CAZRI, Jodhpur. Intrinsic threats were experimentally assessed by studying its life cycle for three years. Seeds produced by these plants under captivity showed 30-35% germination. Germination, phenology and growth of plants both, from seeds for one year and tubers for three years revealed many sensitive, risk prone stages which indicated potential threat to its regeneration in its native places. These included failure to seed set due to lack of pollinator, falling of immature follicles, exposure of seeds to open sun, sapling damage by wild animals and digging out of perenating tubers by wild ungulates and human being. Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors are responsible for its rarity in the wild. It emerged that for success in its ex-situ conservation, mature seeds, availability of partial shade and safety from wild animals are essential requirements.

Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F.Schmidt) T.V. Egorova, a rare species in India has been recollected after a gap of 60 years from Gujarat, India. A detailed taxonomic description along with photographic illustration is provided to facilitate its easy and correct identification.

Commiphora wightii (Arnott) Bhand., commonly known as ‘Guggal’, is an important medicinal plant that has been categorized as threatened but International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has put it under data deficient (DD) category. Consequently, placing it in ‘Data Deficient’ category of IUCN requires detailed information on its spatial distribution and other related aspects. Hence we report here the results of our appraisal of Guggal in Rajasthan, using remote sensing and ground truthing. A base map of Guggal was prepared using Geographical Information System (GIS) open source software Quantum GIS, SAGA. Landsat ETM+ and ASTER GDEM (Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model) Satellite Data were used. By clipping Aster GDEM Data with district boundary it was then provided color range to get elevation information. A digital elevation model of Rajasthan physiography was developed from ASTER and GDEM Data that has 30 m resolution. GIS layers of area of occurrences for Guggal plant and elevation were created. This map along with topographic sheets of 1:50000 were used for field traversing and ground truthing in 35 expeditions from 2009 to 2012. From the ground data, GPS data of longitude, latitude and altitude of each survey points were used in creating GIS layers in a 3D elevation map as also Guggal distribution and density map in 20 districts of Rajasthan. Results revealed that Guggal predominantly occurs in hilly and piedmonts zone. Its density was low in southeast Rajasthan (2–5 plants/ha) compared to western Rajasthan (8–10 plants/ha. In view of better vigour and survival in native sites in western Rajasthan's bioclimatic conditions, its ex-situ and in-situ conservation will be more successful in the districts of Jaisalmer, Barmer, Jalore and Jodhpur than in other areas.