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Resumo A teoria do fluxo deriva da psicologia positiva e busca explicar um estado ótimo de consciência do indivíduo. O estado de fluxo proporciona ao sujeito alta concentração e controle na realização de determinada tarefa, certo relaxamento, controle sobre a ansiedade e satisfação, oriunda do estado ótimo de consciência experienciado ao atingir o objetivo proposto pela atividade realizada. Desta forma, este estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura para compreender como a teoria do fluxo vem sendo utilizada no contexto da educação e aprendizagem no Brasil. Efetuou-se uma busca por produções nas bases de dados SciELO, Index Psi, LILACS, PePSIC, PsycINFO, Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e no Portal de Periódicos da Capes. Foram encontrados 260 estudos, dos quais somente cinco atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, a saber, apresentar a teoria do fluxo como tema principal, atrelada à educação e ser um estudo realizado em contexto brasileiro. A partir dos artigos selecionados, foi possível identificar que, no Brasil, a teoria do fluxo vem sendo utilizada no ensino de música, de educação física, de línguas e na engenharia da computação, auxiliando no processo motivacional, incentivando a cooperação, a participação e o engajamento dos professores e alunos nos ambientes de ensino e aprendizagem. Apesar disso, o cenário de publicações nessa área ainda é pequeno. Abstract Flow theory derives from Positive Psychology and addresses an individual’s optimal state of conscience Flow state provides the individual high concentration, relaxation, control over anxiety, and satisfaction while performing a certain task, originating from the optimal state of conscience that is experienced when achieving the proposed objective. Thus, this study aims to conduct a systematic literature review to understand how flow theory is being used in the context of education and learning in Brazil. We conducted a search for publications in the databases SciELO, Index Psi, LILACS, PePSIC, PsycINFO, BDTD, and the Capes platform. Two hundred and sixty studies were found, however, only 5 met the inclusion criteria of this study, that is, to present flow theory as the main theme, to be linked to education, and to be a study conducted in Brazil. From the selected articles, it was possible to identify that, in Brazil, flow theory is being used within music, physical education, language and computer engineering teaching. Thus, aiding the motivational process, promoting cooperation, participation and engagement of teachers and students in teaching and learning environments. Despite this, the scenario of publications in this field is still reduced.

Over the last twenty years, the Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé (GBB) reaction has been emerged as a powerful tool to access different nitrogen-based heterocycles as privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. This multicomponent reaction is usually catalyzed by ordinary Brønsted or Lewis acid catalysts. Herein, we present a comparative study on the catalytic efficiencies of different rare earth triflates in GBB reactions under microwave heating, involving 2-aminopyridine or 2-aminothiazole, as aminoazole component, and different aldehydes and aliphatic isocyanides. The use of gadolinium(III) triflate as cheaper alternative catalyst for the most commonly used scandium(III) triflate was acknowledged for the first time, and a library of twenty three imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles could be obtained in good to excellent yields.

Capping and shedding of ectodomains inTrypanosoma cruzimay be triggered by different ligands. Here, we analysed the mobility and shedding of cell surface components of living trypomastigotes of the Y strain and the CL Brener clone in the presence of poly-L-lysine, cationized ferritin (CF) and Concanavalin A (Con A). Poly-L-lysine and CF caused intense shedding in Y strain parasites. Shedding was less intense in CL Brener trypomastigotes, and approximately 10% of these parasites did not show any decrease in poly L-lysine or CF labelling. Binding of Con A induced low-intensity shedding in Y strain and redistribution of Con A-binding sites in CL Brener parasites. Trypomastigotes of the Y strain showed intense labelling with anti-〈-galactosyl antibodies, resulting in the lysis of approximately 30% of their population, in contrast with what was observed in CL Brener parasites. Incubation with Con A and CF protected trypomastigotes of the Y strain from lysis by anti-αGal. The last treatment did not interfere with the survival of the CL Brener parasites. This study corroborates with the idea that a ligand can differentially modulate the cell surface ofT. cruzi, depending on the strain used, resulting in variable immune system responses and recognition by host cells.

In the protozoan pathogen Leishmania, endocytosis, and exocytosis occur mainly in the small area of the flagellar pocket membrane, which makes this parasite an interesting model of strikingly polarized internalization and secretion. Moreover, little is known about vesicle recognition and fusion mechanisms, which are essential for both endo/exocytosis in this parasite. In other cell types, vesicle fusion events require the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), including Ca2+-independent iPLA2 and soluble, Ca2+-dependent sPLA2. Here, we studied the role of bromoenol lactone (BEL) inhibition of endo/exocytosis in promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis. PLA2 activities were assayed in intact parasites, in whole conditioned media, and in soluble and extracellular vesicles (EVs) conditioned media fractions. BEL did not affect the viability of promastigotes, but reduced the differentiation into metacyclic forms. Intact parasites and EVs had BEL-sensitive iPLA2 activity. BEL treatment reduced total EVs secretion, as evidenced by reduced total protein concentration, as well as its size distribution and vesicles in the flagellar pocket of treated parasites as observed by TEM. Membrane proteins, such as acid phosphatases and GP63, became concentrated in the cytoplasm, mainly in multivesicular tubules of the endocytic pathway. BEL also prevented the endocytosis of BSA, transferrin and ConA, with the accumulation of these markers in the flagellar pocket. These results suggested that the activity inhibited by BEL, which is one of the irreversible inhibitors of iPLA2, is required for both endocytosis and exocytosis in promastigotes of L. amazonensis.

(2S,3S,4R)- Dihydroxyhomoprolines were obtained from a six- carbon- atom lactone intermediate obtained from D- erythrose in a short synthesis, by facile operational methodology, in very good overall yields., Thanks are due to Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) for financial support to the research Unit LAQV/REQUIMTE (UID/QUI/50006/2013), FCT and FEDER (European Fund for Regional Development)-COMPETE-QREN-EU for financial support to CQ/UM, and to the NMR Portuguese network (PTNMR, Bruker Avance III 400-Univ. Minho).

Angola's O&G business environment has shifted from Exploration to Production, and from Drilling to Well Intervention for obvious reasons of current and projected state of the E&P industry where operations are squeezed by volatile oil prices and higher operating costs. Operators in quest to maintain production plateau resolve in excessive choke increase. Therefore, a focus on predicting resulting HWcut and or HGor over time becomes significant as 75% of fields are under fluid injection for a balance voidage replacement. This study uses fields in Angola for conventional diagnostics decline curve analysis. Using plots of cumulative oil vs GOR, Pressure, Water cut and choke, to analyses the water and or gas production responses vs. oil cumulative to the excessive choke change. To have a complete sense of the impact, PI is included to consider oil production with respect to pressure drawdown. This study where mainly focused in clastic deposits. This approach may help anticipate the production of water due to excessive increase in choke sizes. It is expected that depending on the provenance of the water, it is concluded that excessive choke variation can be problematic in the future. A possible warning or alert is generated for any future choke change and hence oil production is optimized. An excel macro coding- PredOPT (Prediction and Optimization) is developed for the analysis and plugged-in to commercial software for the ease of applicability.

The aneurysm is a fragile region on the wall of a blood vessel that causes it to form a bulge. In limiting situations, this weakening can lead to vessel disruption. The main goal of this work was to understand how the deformation of the aneurysm occurs when subjected to an internal pressure similar to blood pressure. The strain state of the aneurysm will allow to define which regions are subject to higher stresses and which can give an indication of potential rupture. To carry out this study we have employed a numerical approach using a commercial software (Ansys®). With this software the pressure caused by the fluid was calculated using known parameters through the experimental measurement of the pressure drop. It was possible to define a velocity profile for the fluid and to characterize its flow through the channel. The aneurysm was subjected to a pressure previously determined for the fluid, simulating the pressure to which the channel is subjected by the bloodstream. Note that the current study have always taken into consideration that the blood vessels have a hyperelastic behaviour, defined through experimental stress/strain curves. Analysing the obtained results, it was verified that the expansion of the aneurysm is predominant in its lateral regions where the greater strain values were obtained. In these regions is where a greater risk of vessel rupture can occur. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

SUMMARY An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different coccidiosis-preventing programs on performance and intestinal morphology of commercial turkeys. Three hundred fifteen1-d-old female commercial cross turkey poults (British United Turkeys, BUT Big 9) were distributed into 3 treatments with 5 replicates of 21 birds each. Three programs were evaluated from 1 to 70 d of age, where program 1 had no anticoccidial drug and no vaccination against coccidiosis; program 2 had an anticoccidial drug (maduramycin 1%, 5 ppm); and program 3 had a vaccination (commercial vaccine, 4 species of Eimeria). All the groups were challenged with a dose of oocysts sporulated (20,000/bird) of 2 species of Eimeria at 21 d of age. In the growing phase (d 0–28), BW, BW gain, and FCR were significantly greater in treated groups compared with control group. In the fattening phase, the performance was not affected by treatments. Treatments and coccidiosis challenge had no significant effects on intestinal villus height. These observations support other reports that confirm live oocyst vaccination can be used effectively as a preventive against avian coccidiosis in commercially reared turkeys.

Membrane technology has long been applied for waste water treatment industries due to its numerous advantages compared to other conventional processes. However, the biggest challenge in pressure driven membrane process is membrane fouling. Fouling decreases the productivity and efficiency of the filtration, reduces the lifespan of the membrane and reduces the overall efficiency of water treatment processes. In this study, a novel membrane material is developed for water filtration. The developed membrane incorporates silica nanoparticles mainly to improve its structural properties. Membranes with different loadings of silica nanoparticles were applied in this study. The result shows an increase in clean water permeability and filterability of the membrane for treating activated sludge, microalgae solution, secondary effluent and raw sewage as feed. Adding silica into the membrane matrix does not significantly alter contact angle and membrane pore size. We believe that silica acts as an effective pore forming agent that increases the number of pores without significantly altering the pore sizes. A higher number of small pores on the surface of the membrane could reduce membrane fouling because of a low specific loading imposed to individual pores.Membrane technology has long been applied for waste water treatment industries due to its numerous advantages compared to other conventional processes. However, the biggest challenge in pressure driven membrane process is membrane fouling. Fouling decreases the productivity and efficiency of the filtration, reduces the lifespan of the membrane and reduces the overall efficiency of water treatment processes. In this study, a novel membrane material is developed for water filtration. The developed membrane incorporates silica nanoparticles mainly to improve its structural properties. Membranes with different loadings of silica nanoparticles were applied in this study. The result shows an increase in clean water permeability and filterability of the membrane for treating activated sludge, microalgae solution, secondary effluent and raw sewage as feed. Adding silica into the membrane matrix does not significantly alter contact angle and membrane pore size. We believe that silica acts as an effective pore form...

Leishmania has strong acid phosphatase activity on the external surface of the plasma membrane and secreted into the extracellular milieu. Secreted acid phosphatase (sAcP), which is the most abundant secreted protein of Leishmania, is also a virulence factor that plays a role in vertebrate infection and survival in sand flies. In this study, we characterized the secreted phosphatase activities in Leishmania amazonensis. Both acidic and alkaline secreted phosphatase activities were observed with β-glycerophosphate and p-nitrophenyl phosphate (p-NPP) hydrolysis and were inhibited with sodium tartrate and sodium orthovanadate. Cytochemical labeling revealed a significant difference in the localization of the electron-dense precipitates depending on the substrate. β-Glycerophosphate electron-dense precipitates were concentrated on both the cell surface and flagellar pocket, whereas p-NPP labeling occurred primarily within intracellular organelles. Orthovanadate-treated metacyclic promastigotes were less infective and were confined to a tight parasitophorous vacuole (PV), which is not characteristic of this Leishmania species. Based on the results, we characterized the presence of different secreted phosphatase activities in L. amazonensis, the influence of the substrate in cytochemical labeling, and the potential involvement of secreted phosphatase activity in both PV maturation and amastigote survival.

[Excerpt] The advantages resulting from the use of numerical modelling tools to support the design of processing equipment are almost consensual. The design of calibration systems in profile extrusion is not an exception . H owever , the complex geome tries and heat exchange phenomena involved in this process require the use of numerical solvers able to model the heat exchange in more than one domain ( calibrator and polymer), the compatibilization of the heat transfer at the profile - calibrator interface and with the ability to deal with complex geometries. The combination of all these features is usually hard to find in commercial software. Moreover , the dimension of the meshes required to ob tain accurate results, result in computational times prohibitive for industrial application. (...)

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:24:46Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:24:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-03 Analyses of mineral density in tibias and femurs of breeder ostriches had been carried on six couples 5-7 years old. During 8 weeks, 3 couples had been fed with ration of reproduction (T1) and other 3 couples with ration of maintenance (T2). It was possible to verify that the egg production was not affected by the diets, as well as the quality of egg shells. However the quality of the bones was worse for the birds fed of T2. Departamento de Produção Animal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista, CEP 18618-000. Botucatu-SP Departamento de Anatomia Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Botucatu-SP Departamento de Produção Animal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Universidade Estadual Paulista, CEP 18618-000. Botucatu-SP Departamento de Anatomia Instituto de Biociências UNESP, Botucatu-SP

Background Although demonstrated as a selective anticancer drug, the clinical use of clotrimazole (CTZ) is limited due to its low solubility in hydrophilic fluids. Thus, we prepared a water-soluble nanomicellar formulation of CTZ (nCTZ) and tested on the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 biology. Methodology/Principal Findings CTZ was nanoencapsulated in tween 80 micelles, which generated nanomicelles of, approximately, 17 nm of diameter. MCF-7 cells were treated with nCTZ and unencapsulated DMSO-solubilized drug (sCTZ) was used for comparison. After treatment, the cells were evaluated in terms of metabolism, proliferation, survival and structure. We found that nCTZ was more efficient than sCTZ at inhibiting glycolytic and other cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes. Moreover, this increased activity was also observed for lactate production, intracellular ATP content, ROS production and antioxidant potential. As a consequence, nCTZ-treated MCF-7 cells displayed alterations to the plasma membrane, mitochondria and the nucleus. Finally, nCTZ induced both apoptosis and necrosis in MCF-7 cells. Conclusions/Significance MCF-7 cells are more sensible to nCTZ than to sCTZ. This was especially evident on regard to antioxidant potential, which is an important cell defense against drugs that affect cell metabolism. Moreover, this water-soluble formulation of CTZ strengths its potential use as an anticancer medicine.

This work reports the implementation and verification of a new solver in OpenFOAM® open source computational library, able to cope with integral viscoelastic models based on the integral upper-convected Maxwell model. The code is verified through the comparison of its predictions with analytical solutions and numerical results obtained with the differential upper-convected Maxwell model.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-03T15:27:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-10-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-11-04T10:15:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2014000400012.pdf: 639098 bytes, checksum: 9462e8df87fb02cd65b66d1653c93c85 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This study aimed at evaluating the intestinal integrity, using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the performance of broiler chickens fed additives alternative to antimicrobials. A total of 1080 male chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design, with six treatments with six replicates of 30 birds each. The following treatments were evaluated: basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with an antimicrobial, basal diet supplemented with a probiotic, basal diet supplemented with a prebiotic, basal diet with a symbiotic, and basal diet supplemented with organic acids. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and livability were recorded when broiler chickens were 10, 21, 35, and 42 days old. On day 42, 72 birds were individually weighed and sacrificed. In order to evaluate the morphometrics of the different intestinal wall layers, segments of the small intestine and the cecum were collected from two birds per replicate, and intestinal integrity (SEM) was evaluated in the same segments of two birds per treatment. During the starter period (1-21 days old), birds fed the alternative additives presented similar weight gain as those fed the antimicrobial product, but were not different from control birds. Feed conversion ratio of birds fed alternative additives was better than that of the control birds from one to 10 days of age, but not during the remaining rearing period, and was similar to the birds receiving the antimicrobial. The morphometric parameters of the different intestinal wall layers was not influenced by the treatments. During the total rearing period, the evaluated alternative additives did not improve intestinal integrity or broiler performance. Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Vet Med &Anim Sci, Dept Anim Prod, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Anat, Biosci Inst, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Vet Clin, Sch Vet Med &Anim Sci, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Vet Med &Anim Sci, Dept Anim Prod, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Anat, Biosci Inst, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Vet Clin, Sch Vet Med &Anim Sci, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Trypanosoma cruzi virulence factors include molecules expressed on the cell surface as well as those secreted or shed into the extracellular medium. Phosphatase activities modulate different aspects of T. cruzi infection, although no studies to date addressed the presence and activity of phosphatases in vesicles secreted by this parasite. Here, we characterized acidic and alkaline secreted phosphatase activities of human-infective trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi from the Y strain and the CL-Brener clone. These are widely studied T. cruzi strains that represent "opposite ends of the spectrum" regarding both in vitro and in vivo behavior. Ecto-phosphatase activities were determined in live parasites, and secreted phosphatase activities were analyzed in soluble protein (SP) and vesicular membrane fractions (VFs) of parasite-conditioned medium. Our analysis using different phosphatase inhibitors strongly suggests that vesicles secreted by Y strain (VF(Y)) and CL-Brener (VF(CLB)) trypomastigotes are derived mostly from the cell surface and from exosome secretion, respectively. Importantly, our results show that the acid phosphatase activities in vesicles secreted by trypomastigotes are largely responsible for the VF-induced increase in adhesion of Y strain parasites to host cells and also for the VF-induced increase in host cell infection by CL-Brener trypomastigotes.

Gō models are exceedingly popular tools in computer simulations of protein folding. These models are native-centric, i.e., they are directly constructed from the protein's native structure. Therefore, it is important to understand up to which extent the atomistic details of the native structure dictate the folding behavior exhibited by Gō models. Here we address this challenge by performing exhaustive discrete molecular dynamics simulations of a Gō potential combined with a full atomistic protein representation. In particular, we investigate the robustness of this particular type of Gō models in predicting the existence of intermediate states in protein folding. We focus on the N47G mutational form of the Spc-SH3 folding domain (x-ray structure) and compare its folding pathway with that of alternative native structures produced in silico. Our methodological strategy comprises equilibrium folding simulations, structural clustering, and principal component analysis.

A busca por sistemas seguros é uma necessidade no cenário de software atual. A segurança de sistemas computacionais exige conhecimentos específicos em diversas áreas de conhecimento e inclui o estudo de falhas maliciosas, para que, conhecendo-as, seja possível prover aos sistemas computacionais capacidade de detectá-las e evitá-las sem comprometer a segurança exigida pelos usuários. Este artigo apresenta o projeto e o processo de desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta capaz de injetar ataques em aplicações Web para utilização em avaliações de segurança de aplicações.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T19:09:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:35:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:41:15Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:41:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 A study was carried out in the experimental facilities of FMVZ/UNESP-Botucatu, with the aim of following-up the development and the incidence of femoral degeneration (FD). A total of 305 one-day-old male broilers were housed in six pens of 5m(2) each. Histological analyses of femur head collected when broilers were 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days of age were carried out. At 42 days of age, 30 birds were taken to the experimental processing plant of FMVZ for leg gross examination. Ten legs per FD score where selected, and histologically analyzed to determine the most probable age at the beginning of the lesions, and to standardize femoral degeneration lesion scores. The histological results showed that cell architecture started to disorganize at 21 days of age in the resting and proliferation zones, and that angiogenesis increased, invading the joint cartilage, The gross lesion indexes due to femoral degeneration were 22.5%, 42.5%, and 65% at 28, 35, and 42 days of age, respectively. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anim Prod, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anat, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anim Prod, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anat, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil

The noise levels made by clinical handpieces and laboratory engines are the main descriptors of acoustical comfort in learning spaces in a dental medicine school. Sound levels were measured in five types of classrooms and teaching laboratories at the University of Porto Dental Medicine School. Handpiece noise measurements were made while instruments were running free and during operations with cutting tools (tooth, metal and acrylic). Noise levels were determined using a precision sound level meter, which was positioned at one-meter distance from the main noise source. Some of the handpieces were brand new and the others had a few years of use. The sound levels encountered were between 60 and 99 dB(A) and were compared with identical situations in other countries and with the noise limits in A-weighted sound pressure level for mechanical equipments installed in educational buildings included in several European Noise Codes. The daily personal noise exposure levels (Leq,8) of the students and professors were calculated to be between 85 and 90 dB(A) and were compared with the European legal limits. Some noise limits for this type of environment are proposed and suggestions for the improvement of the acoustical environment are given.

Heterogeneous isotope exchange rates of Na+, Ca+, Ba2+ and Sr2+ in mono-and biionic resin exchangers (Merck I) have been measured under conditions where diffusion is rate determining. For the self-diffusion of Na+, Ba2+ and Sr2+ linear Dt/r2 - f(t)-curves are obtained. Cs-isotope exchange shows non-ideal diffusion kinetics. In mixed Ba-exchangers the self-diffusion coefficients of Ba2+ and Sr2 depend on the ionic composition of the exchanger phase. Ion exchange rates have been measured for Ba/Sr2+ -exchange and its reversal. Computed curves are presented using Helfferich’s theory of ion exchange and an extended treatment with activity correction terms and concentration dependent self-diffusion coefficients. Computed and experimental curves are discussed.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T15:31:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-07-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:01:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2016000300461.pdf: 1139566 bytes, checksum: a48b4de402d420b2a06799122719af1e (MD5) Pododermatitis, also known as bumblefoot, is an inflammatory lesion of the footpad. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of genetic strain and sex on the incidence of footpad lesions in broilers. The experiment was carried out at Sao Paulo State University, using 480 broilers distributed in a completely randomized experimental design in a 2X2 factorial arrangement (2 strains X2 sexes), with four replicates of 30 broilers each, totaling 16 experimental units. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and livability were evaluated at 21, 35 and 42 days of age; production efficiency factor was determined at the end of the rearing period. On day 42, the footpads of 100 broilers were grossly examined and assigned a lesion score in a 1-3 scale (Almeida Paz & Martins, 2014). Three samples per score within treatment were collected for microscopic evaluation. Analysis of variance was applied and performance parameter means were compared by Tukey's test. Footpad lesion incidence was analyzed by the chi(2) test using SAS (version8.2). Ross (R) broilers presented higher feed intake during all evaluated periods, and higher weight gain only in the period 1 to 21 days compared with Cobb (R) broilers. On the other hand, Cobb (R) presented better feed conversion ratio in the periods of 1 to 35 and 1 to 42 days. The incidence of foot pad lesions was statistically different (p

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T17:52:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:27:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:41:15Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:41:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-01 A study was carried out in the experimental facilities of FMVZ/UNESP-Botucatu, with the aim of following-up the development and the incidence of femoral degeneration (FD). A total of 305 one-day-old male broilers were housed in six pens of 5m(2) each. A completely randomized experimental design, with 3 treatments (T1-traditional nutritional density diet; T2-high nutritional density diet) of 3 replicates each was applied. Femoral head of the broilers were submitted to gross examination at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days of aged. At 42 days of age, 60 birds (30 per treatment) were submitted to the Veterinary Hospital of FMVZ to determine bone mineral density by radiography. Birds were then sacrificed for gross examination of the legs, and FD scoring. Five legs per treatment within each FD score were submitted to computed tomography for femur head integrity and bone mineral density. Treatments did not influence FD incidence, and the first gross FD lesions appeared when birds were 28 days old. It was concluded that radiographic optical densitometry and computed tomography are efficient methods to evaluate femoral degeneration, and both techniques expressed the same profile. In addition, using radiographic optical densitometry and computed tomography, these results also allowed us to establish bone mineral density value ranges within each gross FD score. These finding may provide an excellent non-invasive tool to describe femoral degeneration. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anim Prod, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anat, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anim Prod, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Anat, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Estudo por espectroscopia de impedância electroquímica das propriedades anti corrosivas de um revestimento híbrido (orgânico-inorgânico)obtido pelo processo sol-gel em função da quantidade de água de hidrólise adicionada. 1 DM/NMM 2010 6 a 11 de Junho