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Epiretinal membrane (ERM) represents a common complication of uveitis that may contribute independently to vision loss in patients with uveitis. Although spontaneous idiopathic ERM separation has been previously reported, to the best of our knowledge there are only two case reports in the scientific literature that depicts spontaneous regression of an inflammation-associated ERM. Spontaneous ERM separation is a rare but possible event, which occurs most often subsequent to posterior vitreous detachment. We present a case series of three patients with uveitis that exhibit the formation and subsequent spontaneous resolution of an inflammatory ERM.

Summary Purpose To evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) as diagnostic tools in optic disc melanocytoma (ODM) and study the differences in peripapillary and macular vascular density in eyes with ODM using OCTA. Methods Patients with ODM were enrolled in this case series. Each patient underwent evaluation of best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, fundus examination, fundus photography, standard visual field testing, spectral domain OCT, ultrasound B-scan examination, FAF, fluorescein angiography and OCTA. Results Eight patients (three males and five females) with ODM (9 eyes) were enrolled. The largest ODM presented a nodular appearance with a hyper-reflective tumor surface and a posterior optical shadow on OCT. FAF images showed hypoautofluorescence of the tumor with well-defined outlines. Analysis of optic nerve vascular area showed decreased values in the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (3 of 5) and the outer retinal plexus (4 of 5) in the eyes with ODM. In contrast, the ODM eyes had a higher macular vascular area in the deep capillary plexus in 4 of 6 patients. Conclusions ODM may be associated with changes in peripapillary and macular perfusion, with an increase in peripapillary vascularization being a possible risk factor for growth. OCTA might be a helpful objective method in the analysis of changes in flow in patients with ODM.

Intraocular foreign bodies after cataract surgery are relatively frequent, and there are many cases published in the literature on this topic. Different kinds of foreign bodies of various materials can be found, and some of them with the ability to produce side effects. Their extraction is recommended whenever possible, always individualizing each case. It also recommended to carry out preventive measures in all surgeries for their prevention. In this work a review is presented on the topic, considered important due to the possible ocular complications that can occur.

Resumen Objetivo Describir los valores de normalidad del grosor de los musculos rectos horizontales mediante tomografia de coherencia optica de dominio espectral (SD-OCT) y valorar si existe correlacion entre el grosor muscular y el sexo, la edad o la longitud axial (LA). Material y metodos Estudio transversal de 131 ojos derechos de pacientes sin enfermedad oftalmologica. Se recogieron el sexo y la edad y se midio la LA utilizando un biometro optico Lenstar LS 900 (Haag-Streit AG, Koeniz, Suiza). El grosor del recto medio (RM) se midio a 7,2 y 9,2 mm desde el limbo y el recto lateral (RL) a 8,5 y 10,5 mm utilizando la OCT. Se ajusto un modelo multivariable para analizar si el sexo, la edad y la LA podrian influir sobre el grosor muscular. Resultados La edad media fue 43,3 ± 20,9 anos (rango 6-86), siendo 59% mujeres. La LA media fue 24,9 ± 2,7 mm (rango: 20,4-33,8). El grosor medio del RL a 8,5 mm fue 188,5 ± 51,2 μm (rango 69-342) y 186,5 ± 45,9 μm (rango 75-269) a 10,5 mm. El grosor del RM fue 158,1 ± 39,1 μm (rango 69-273) a 7,2 mm y 193,7 ± 55,9 μm (rango 105-386) a 9,2 mm. Se observo correlacion entre el grosor del RM y la LA (R = –0,255; p = 0,023), no hallandose correlacion para el RL (p ≥ 0,203). Tampoco se encontro asociacion entre el grosor y el sexo o la edad (p ≥ 0,125). Conclusiones La OCT permite medir el grosor de los musculos rectos horizontales, observandose una asociacion entre el grosor del RM y la LA.

Objective To report reference values for the horizontal rectus muscles thickness using Spectral Domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and to evaluate whether there are any correlations between the muscle thickness and gender, age, or axial length (AL). Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 131 right eyes of healthy subjects. The gender and age were recorded, and axial length was measured using an optical biometer. The medial rectus (MR) muscle thickness was measured at 7.2 and 9.2 mm from the limbus, and the lateral rectus (LR) at 8.5 and 10.5 mm from the limbus using OCT. A multivariate model was adjusted to determine whether gender, age, and axial length could have an impact on the muscle thickness. Results Mean age was 43.3 ± 20.9 years (range 6–86), and 59% were women. Mean AL was 24.9 ± 2.7 mm (range: 20.4–33.8). Mean thickness was 188.5 ± 51.2 μm (range 69–342) for the LR at 8.5 and 186.5 ± 45.9 μm (range 75–269) at 10.5 mm, and for the MR, 158.1 ± 39.1 μm (range 69–273) at 7.2 mm and 193.7 ± 55.9 μm (range 105–386) at 9.2 mm. A correlation was observed between the AL and MR thickness (R = −0.255; p = 0.023) while no correlation was observed for the LR (p ≥ 0.203). No correlations were found between thickness and gender or thickness and age (p ≥ 0.125). Conclusions The reference ranges of the horizontal rectus muscles thickness was described using SD-OCT, observing an association between the AL and the MR thickness.

This report was written to describe a case of unilateral brimonidine-induced conjunctival lichen planus. Because the ophthalmic examination indicated chronic conjunctivitis or drug-induced pseudopemphigoid, the patient underwent thorough ophthalmic and systemic examinations, as well as conjunctival biopsy and direct immunofluorescence studies. A 71-year-old woman with unilateral left eye findings of chronic conjunctivitis was referred to our Ophthalmology Department. The patient reported that chronic conjunctivitis began shortly after she initiated use of topical brimonidine. Ophthalmic examination revealed foreshortening of the inferior fornix and symblepharon. Conjunctival biopsy revealed submucous lymphocytes and shaggy distribution of fibrinogen on direct immunofluorescence; this was suggestive of ocular lichen planus. No other systemic lesions were found that were consistent with the presentation of lichen planus. A good response was observed to topical cyclosporine treatment. To our knowledge, this may be the first report of unilateral ocular lichen planus without systemic findings. The correlation with the initiation of topical brimonidine suggests that this might be the first case of biopsy-confirmed brimonidine-induced ocular lichen planus.