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1. Fast-ion orbit origin of neutron emission spectroscopy measurements in the JET DT campaign

Author: H. Järleblad, L. Stagner, J. Eriksson, M. Nocente, K. Kirov, M. Rud, B.S. Schmidt, M. Maslov, D. King, D. Keeling, C. Maggi, J. Garcia, E.A. Lerche, P. Mantica, Y. Dong, M. Salewski, and JET Contributors
Subjects: fast ion, orbit, diagnostics, dt, neutron emission spectroscopy, sensitivity, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: In the JET DTE2 deuterium-tritium campaign, neutron diagnostics were employed to measure 14 MeV neutrons originating from D(T,n) ^4 He reactions. In discharge 99965, a diamond matrix detector (KM14) and a magnetic proton recoil (MPRu) detector with a vertical and an oblique line-of-sight were used, respectively. At the timepoints of interest, a significant decrease in the expected diagnostic signals can be observed as electromagnetic wave heating in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) is switched off. Utilizing only TRANSP simulation data, the fast-ion distribution is found to have been likely composed mostly of trapped orbits. In contrast, analysis performed using orbit weight functions revealed that the majority of neutrons in the KM14 $E_{d} = 9.3$ MeV and MPRu $X_\textrm{cm} = 33$ cm measurement bins are to have originated from fast deuterium ions on co-passing orbits. This work explains the perhaps surprising results and shows that the relative signal decrease as ICRF heating is switched off is largest for counter-passing orbits. Finally, for the magnetic equilibria of interest, it is shown how stagnation orbits, corresponding to ${\sim} 1$ % of the fast-ion distribution, were completely unobservable by the KM14 diagnostic.
Published: 2024
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2. 3D radiated power analysis of JET SPI discharges using the Emis3D forward modeling tool

Author: B. Stein-Lubrano, R. Sweeney, D. Bonfiglio, J. Lovell, P. Carvalho, L. Baylor, R.S. Granetz, S. Jachmich, E. Joffrin, M. Kong, M. Lehnen, C. Maggi, E. Marmar, E. Nardon, P. Puglia, U. Sheikh, D. Shiraki, S. Silburn, and JET Contributors
Subjects: disruption, tokamak, mitigation, shattered pellet injection, bolometry, Cherab, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Precise values for radiated energy in tokamak disruption experiments are needed to validate disruption mitigation techniques for burning plasma tokamaks like ITER and SPARC. Control room analysis of radiated power ( P _rad ) on JET assumes axisymmetry, since fitting 3D radiation structures with limited bolometry coverage is an under-determined problem. In mitigated disruptions, radiation is toroidally asymmetric and 3D, due to fast-growing 3D MHD modes and localized impurity sources. To address this problem, Emis3D adopts a physics motivated forward modeling (‘guess and check’) approach, comparing experimental bolometry data to synthetic data from user-defined radiation structures. Synthetic structures are observed with the Cherab modeling framework and a best fit chosen using a reduced χ ^2 statistic. 2D tomographic inversion models are tested, as well as helical flux tubes and 3D MHD simulated structures from JOREK. Two nominally identical pure neon shattered pellet injection (SPI) mitigated discharges in JET are analyzed. 2D tomographic inversions with added toroidal freedom are the best fits in the thermal quench (TQ) and current quench (CQ). In the pre-TQ, 2D reconstructions are statistically the best fits, but are likely over-optimized and do not capture the 3D radiation structure seen in fast camera images. The next-best pre-TQ fits are helical structures that extend towards the high-field side, consistent with an impurity flow under the magnetic nozzle effect also observed in JOREK simulations. Whole-disruption radiated fractions of $ 0.98 +0.03/ $ $ -0.29 $ and $ 1.01 +0.02/-0.17 $ are found, suggesting that the stored energy may have been fully mitigated by each SPI, although mitigation efficiencies well below ITER and SPARC requirements for high energy pulses are still within the large uncertainties. Emis3D is also used to validate JOREK SPI simulations, and confirms improvements in matching experiment from changes to impurity modeling. Time-dependent toroidal peaking factors are calculated and discussed.
Published: 2024
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3. Analysis of fusion alphas interaction with RF waves in D-T plasma at JET

Author: K.K. Kirov, F. Auriemma, P.J. Bonofiglo, C.D. Challis, E. De la Luna, J. Eriksson, D. Gallart, J. Garcia, M. Gorelenkova, J. Hobirk, P. Jacquet, A. Kappatou, Y. Kazakov, D. Keeling, D. King, V. Kiptily, E. Lerche, C. Maggi, J. Mailloux, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, M. Maslov, S. Menmuir, R. Sharma, P. Siren, Z. Stancar, D. Van Eester, and JET Contributors
Subjects: JET, DT plasma, alphas, synergistic effects, ICRH, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: This work studies the influence of radio frequency (RF) waves in the ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) range of frequencies on fusion alphas during the recent JET D-T campaign. Fusion alphas from D-T reactions are created with energies of about 3.5 MeV and therefore have significant Doppler shifts enabling synergistic interactions between them and RF waves at a broad range of frequencies, including the ones foreseen for future fusion machines in ITER (Schneider et al 2021 Nucl. Fusion 61 126058) and SPARC (Creely et al 2020 J. Plasma Phys. 86 865860502). Resonant interactions between RF waves and alphas, also called synergistic effects, will modify the alpha distribution and ultimately will have an impact on alpha orbit losses and heating. Data from JET 3.43 T/2.3 MA pulses based on the hybrid scenario (Hobirk et al 2023 Nucl. Fusion ; Hobirk et al 29th IAEA FEC23 Conf. ( 16–21 October 2023 ); Challis et al 48th EPS Conf. on Plasma Physics ( 27 June–1 July 2022 ) during the DTE2 campaign (Maggi et al 2023 Nucl. Fusion )) were used for the analysis in this study. The impact of synergistic effects on alpha orbit losses and alpha heating are assessed. The conclusions are based on the analysis of experimental data for fast alpha losses, i.e. measurements from neutral particle analyser (NPA), fast ion losses scintillator detector, Faraday cups (FCs), and TRANSP (Hawryluk et al 1980 Physics of Plasmas Close to Thermonuclear Conditions vol 1 (CEC) pp 19–46) simulations. Experimental data and TRANSP analysis indicates that there are indeed changes in the alpha distribution function (DF) due to interaction with RF waves. Data from the NPA show increased ^4 He flux in the range from a few hundred keV up to 800 keV for pulses with RF power, while TRANSP clearly shows modifications in the fast alpha DF for these energies. Data from the scintillator detector and the FCs were compared for pulses with and without ICRH power and versus cases with enhanced alpha losses due to MHD activity. The trends from these diagnostics consistently show no additional alpha losses due to interaction with RF waves. TRANSP predictions for the impact of ynergistic effects on alpha heating show up to a 42% increase in alpha electron heating and up to a 25% increase in alpha ion heating. These effects, however, become negligibly small, less than 1%, when alpha heating is compared to the total auxiliary heating power in the investigated JET pulses.
Published: 2024
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4. Impact of interaction between RF waves and fast NBI ions on the fusion performance in JET DTE2 campaign

Author: K.K. Kirov, C.D. Challis, E. De la Luna, J. Eriksson, D. Gallart, J. Garcia, M. Gorelenkova, J. Hobirk, P. Jacquet, A. Kappatou, Y.O. Kazakov, D. Keeling, D. King, E. Lerche, C. Maggi, J. Mailloux, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, M. Maslov, S. Menmuir, P. Siren, Z. Stancar, D. Van Eester, and JET Contributors
Subjects: RF waves, fast ions, DT plasma, JET, fusion performance, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: This work presents a study of the interaction between radio frequency (RF) waves used for ion cyclotron resonance heating and the fast deuterium (D) and tritium (T) neutral Beam injected (NBI) ions in DT plasma. The focus is on the effects of this interaction, also referred to as synergistic effects, on the fusion performance in the recent JET DTE2 campaign. Experimental data from dedicated pulses at 3.43 T/2.3 MA heated at (i) 51.4 MHz, giving the central minority H and n = 2 D, and at (ii) 32.2 MHz for the central minority ^3 He and n = 2 T. Resonances are analysed and conclusions are drawn and supported by modelling of the synergistic effects. Modelling with transport code TRANSP runs with and without the RF kick operator predict a moderate increase, of about 10%, in DT rates for the case of the RF wave—fast D NBI ion interactions at the n = 2 harmonic of ion cyclotron resonance, and a negligible impact due to synergistic interaction between fast T NBI ions and RF waves. JETTO modelling gives a 29% enhancement in fusion rates due to the interction between RF waves and fast D NBI ions, and an 18% enhancement in fast T NBI ions. Analysis of experimental neutron rates compared to TRANSP predictions without synergistic effects and magnetic proton recoil neutron spectrometer indicate an enhancement of approximately 25%–28% in fusion rates due to RF interaction with fast D ions, and an enhancement of approximately 5%–8% when RF waves and fast T NBI ions are interacting. The contributions of various heating and fast ion sources are assessed and discussed.
Published: 2023
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5. The broadening of SOL profiles in JET tritium plasma and its impact on machine operation

Author: H.J. Sun, S.A. Silburn, I.S. Carvalho, D.B. King, C. Giroud, G. Fishpool, G.F. Matthews, R.B. Henriques, D.L. Keeling, F.G. Rimini, L. Garzotti, D. Frigione, D. Van Eester, M. Groth, J. Flanagan, D. Kos, B. Viola, A. Boboc, P. Shi, M.-L. Mayoral, J. Mailloux, C. Maggi, A. Huber, D. Douai, N. Vianello, P.J. Lomas, M. Lennholm, M. Maslov, K. Kirov, P. Jacquet, C.G. Lowry, M. Baruzzo, C. Stuart, J. Mitchell, L. Horvath, D.C. McDonald, and JET Contributors
Subjects: JET tokamak, SOL broadening, density shoulder formation, power exhaust, plasma wall interaction, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Unusually high power loads on the beryllium limiter caused by neutral beam re-ionisation, and much cooler divertor target surfaces were observed during the recent JET tokamak tritium campaign. As both phenomena are driven by scrape-off layer (SOL) physics, the SOL features of 72 tritium H-mode discharges and their deuterium references have been studied. The majority (70) of tritium H-mode discharges had exponentially decaying SOL profiles. The tritium plasmas are observed to have increased separatrix density and collisionality compared to their deuterium references. This is associated with $ \approx 2 - 3$ times broader SOL width for both density and temperature profiles. This is consistent with previous observations in highly collisional deuterium H-mode plasma on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak (Sun et al 2015 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 57 125011) and interpreted as high collisionality enhancing cross-field transport across the separatrix and resulting in the broadening of near SOL above a critical value. The other two tritium H-mode discharges had near flat SOL density profiles, similar to the so-called ‘ density shoulder formation ’ observed in L-mode plasma. The SOL collisionality of these two pulses lies within the range of T pulses without density shoulder formation. This supports the conclusion of previous studies (Vianello et al 2017 Nucl. Fusion 57 116014; Wynn et al 2018 Nucl. Fusion 58 056001) that increased collisionality is not sufficient for the formation of a ‘ density shoulder ’ and additional factors, likely divertor condition or interaction with neutrals, are required. JET tritium plasma provides evidence of favourable and unfavourable effects of enhanced cross-field SOL transport on machine operation. The larger limiter power loads due to re-ionisation of neutral beam injection observed in the T pulses relative to their D references has been shown to be consistent with the combined effects of the broadening of the SOL profile and larger beam ion Larmor radius. The enhanced cross-field particle transport and the resulting broader SOL width provides more particles to ionize the fast Beam neutrals, causing the unfavourable power load issue on the beryllium limiter. The broader near SOL profiles of the T plasma spreads the heat load over a larger area and, together with the increased separatrix density, results in a favourably cooler divertor target surface.
Published: 2022
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6. Power exhaust by SOL and pedestal radiation at ASDEX Upgrade and JET

Author: M. Bernert, M. Wischmeier, A. Huber, F. Reimold, B. Lipschultz, C. Lowry, S. Brezinsek, R. Dux, T. Eich, A. Kallenbach, A. Lebschy, C. Maggi, R. McDermott, T. Pütterich, and S. Wiesen
Subjects: Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract: Future fusion reactors require a safe, steady state divertor operation. A possible solution for the power exhaust challenge is the detached divertor operation in scenarios with high radiated power fractions. The radiation can be increased by seeding impurities, such as N for dominant scrape-off-layer radiation, Ne or Ar for SOL and pedestal radiation and Kr for dominant core radiation.Recent experiments on two of the all-metal tokamaks, ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) and JET, demonstrate operation with high radiated power fractions and a fully-detached divertor by N, Ne or Kr seeding with a conventional divertor in a vertical target geometry. For both devices similar observations can be made. In the scenarios with the highest radiated power fraction, the dominant radiation originates from the confined region, in the case of N and Ne seeding concentrated in a region close to the X-point.Applying these seed impurities for highly radiative scenarios impacts local plasma parameters and alters the impurity transport in the pedestal region. Thus, plasma confinement and stability can be affected. A proper understanding of the effects by these impurities is required in order to predict the applicability of such scenarios for future devices.
Published: 2017
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7. Activity-controlled clogging and unclogging of microchannels

Author: L. Caprini, F. Cecconi, C. Maggi, and U. Marini Bettolo Marconi
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We propose a mechanism to control the formation of stable obstructions in two-dimensional microchannels of variable sections taking advantage of the peculiar clustering property of active systems. Under the activation of the self-propulsion by external stimuli, the system behaves as a switch according to the following principle: by turning-on the self-propulsion the particles become active and even at very low densities stick to the walls and form growing layers eventually blocking the channel bottleneck, while the obstruction dissolves when the self-propulsion is turned off. We construct the phase diagram distinguishing clogged and open states in terms of density and bottleneck width. The study of the average clogging time, as a function of density and bottleneck width, reveals the marked efficiency of the active clogging that swiftly responds to the self-propulsion turning on. The resulting picture shows a profound difference with respect to the clogging obtained through the slow diffusive dynamics of attractive passive Brownian disks. This numerical work suggests a novel method to use particles with externally tunable self-propulsion to create or destroy plugs in microchannels.
Published: 2020
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8. Statistical field theory and effective action method for scalar active matter

Author: M. Paoluzzi, C. Maggi, and A. Crisanti
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We employ statistical field theory techniques for coarse graining the steady-state properties of active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles. The computation is carried out in the framework of the unified colored noise approximation that allows an effective equilibrium picture. We thus develop a mean-field theory that allows us to describe in a unified framework the phenomenology of scalar active matter. In particular, we are able to describe through a spontaneous symmetry-breaking mechanism two peculiar features of active systems: (i) the accumulation of active particles at the boundaries of a confining container and (ii) motility-induced phase separation (MIPS). We develop a mean-field theory for steric interacting active particles undergoing MIPS and for active Lennard-Jones (ALJ) fluids. Within this framework, we discuss the universality class of MIPS and ALJ fluids, showing that it falls into the Ising universality class. We thus compute analytically the critical line T_{c}(τ) for both models. In the case of MIPS, T_{c}(τ) gives rise to a reentrant phase diagram compatible with an inverse transition from liquid to gas as the strength of the noise decreases. However, in the case of particles interacting through anisotropic potentials, the field theory acquires a φ^{3} term that, in general, cannot be canceled performing the expansion around the critical point. In this case, the Ising critical point might be replaced by a first-order phase-transition region.
Published: 2020
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9. Global scaling of the heat transport in fusion plasmas

Author: Sara Moradi, Johan Anderson, Michele Romanelli, Hyun-Tae Kim, JET contributors, X. Litaudon, S. Abduallev, M. Abhangi, P. Abreu, M. Afzal, K. M. Aggarwal, T. Ahlgren, J. H. Ahn, L. Aho-Mantila, N. Aiba, M. Airila, R. Albanese, V. Aldred, D. Alegre, E. Alessi, P. Aleynikov, A. Alfier, A. Alkseev, M. Allinson, B. Alper, E. Alves, G. Ambrosino, R. Ambrosino, L. Amicucci, V. Amosov, E. Andersson Sundén, M. Angelone, M. Anghel, C. Angioni, L. Appel, C. Appelbee, P. Arena, M. Ariola, H. Arnichand, S. Arshad, A. Ash, N. Ashikawa, V. Aslanyan, O. Asunta, F. Auriemma, Y. Austin, L. Avotina, M. D. Axton, C. Ayres, M. Bacharis, A. Baciero, D. Baião, S. Bailey, A. Baker, I. Balboa, M. Balden, N. Balshaw, R. Bament, J. W. Banks, Y. F. Baranov, M. A. Barnard, D. Barnes, M. Barnes, R. Barnsley, A. Baron Wiechec, L. Barrera Orte, M. Baruzzo, V. Basiuk, M. Bassan, R. Bastow, A. Batista, P. Batistoni, R. Baughan, B. Bauvir, L. Baylor, B. Bazylev, J. Beal, P. S. Beaumont, M. Beckers, B. Beckett, A. Becoulet, N. Bekris, M. Beldishevski, K. Bell, F. Belli, M. Bellinger, É. Belonohy, N. Ben Ayed, N. A. Benterman, H. Bergsȧker, J. Bernardo, M. Bernert, M. Berry, L. Bertalot, C. Besliu, M. Beurskens, B. Bieg, J. Bielecki, T. Biewer, M. Bigi, P. Bìlkovà, F. Binda, A. Bisoffi, J. P. S. Bizarro, C. Björkas, J. Blackburn, K. Blackman, T. R. Blackman, P. Blanchard, P. Blatchford, V. Bobkov, A. Boboc, G. Bodnàr, O. Bogar, I. Bolshakova, T. Bolzonella, N. Bonanomi, F. Bonelli, J. Boom, J. Booth, D. Borba, D. Borodin, I. Borodkina, A. Botrugno, C. Bottereau, P. Boulting, C. Bourdelle, M. Bowden, C. Bower, C. Bowman, T. Boyce, C. Boyd, H. J. Boyer, J. M. A. Bradshaw, V. Braic, R. Bravanec, B. Breizman, S. Bremond, P. D. Brennan, S. Breton, A. Brett, S. Brezinsek, M. D. J. Bright, M. Brix, W. Broeckx, M. Brombin, A. Brosawski, D. P. D. Brown, M. Brown, E. Bruno, J. Bucalossi, J. Buch, J. Buchanan, M. A. Buckley, R. Budny, H. Bufferand, M. Bulman, N. Bulmer, P. Bunting, P. Buratti, A. Burckhart, A. Buscarino, A. Busse, N. K. Butler, I. Bykov, J. Byrne, P. Cahyna, G. Calabrò, I. Calvo, Y. Camenen, P. Camp, D. C. Campling, J. Cane, B. Cannas, A. J. Capel, P. J. Card, A. Cardinali, P. Carman, M. Carr, D. Carralero, L. Carraro, B. B. Carvalho, I. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, F. J. Casson, C. Castaldo, N. Catarino, J. Caumont, F. Causa, R. Cavazzana, K. Cave-Ayland, M. Cavinato, M. Cecconello, S. Ceccuzzi, E. Cecil, A. Cenedese, R. Cesario, C. D. Challis, M. Chandler, D. Chandra, C. S. Chang, A. Chankin, I. T. Chapman, S. C. Chapman, M. Chernyshova, G. Chitarin, G. Ciraolo, D. Ciric, J. Citrin, F. Clairet, E. Clark, M. Clark, R. Clarkson, D. Clatworthy, C. Clements, M. Cleverly, J. P. Coad, P. A. Coates, A. Cobalt, V. Coccorese, V. Cocilovo, S. Coda, R. Coelho, J. W. Coenen, I. Coffey, L. Colas, S. Collins, D. Conka, S. Conroy, N. Conway, D. Coombs, D. Cooper, S. R. Cooper, C. Corradino, Y. Corre, G. Corrigan, S. Cortes, D. Coster, A. S. Couchman, M. P. Cox, T. Craciunescu, S. Cramp, R. Craven, F. Crisanti, G. Croci, D. Croft, K. Crombé, R. Crowe, N. Cruz, G. Cseh, A. Cufar, A. Cullen, M. Curuia, A. Czarnecka, H. Dabirikhah, P. Dalgliesh, S. Dalley, J. Dankowski, D. Darrow, O. Davies, W. Davis, C. Day, I. E. Day, M. De Bock, A. de Castro, E. de la Cal, E. de la Luna, G. De Masi, J. L. de Pablos, G. De Temmerman, G. De Tommasi, P. de Vries, K. Deakin, J. Deane, F. Degli Agostini, R. Dejarnac, E. Delabie, N. den Harder, R. O. Dendy, J. Denis, P. Denner, S. Devaux, P. Devynck, F. Di Maio, A. Di Siena, C. Di Troia, P. Dinca, R. Dinca, B. Ding, T. Dittmar, H. Doerk, R. P. Doerner, T. Donné, S. E. Dorling, S. Dormido-Canto, S. Doswon, D. Douai, P. T. Doyle, A. Drenik, P. Drewelow, P. Drews, Ph. Duckworth, R. Dumont, P. Dumortier, D. Dunai, M. Dunne, I. Duran, F. Durodié, P. Dutta, B. P. Duval, R. Dux, K. Dylst, N. Dzysiuk, P. V. Edappala, J. Edmond, A. M. Edwards, J. Edwards, Th. Eich, A. Ekedahl, R. El-Jorf, C. G. Elsmore, M. Enachescu, G. Ericsson, F. Eriksson, J. Eriksson, L. G. Eriksson, B. Esposito, S. Esquembri, H. G. Esser, D. Esteve, B. Evans, G. E. Evans, G. Evison, G. D. Ewart, D. Fagan, M. Faitsch, D. Falie, A. Fanni, A. Fasoli, J. M. Faustin, N. Fawlk, L. Fazendeiro, N. Fedorczak, R. C. Felton, K. Fenton, A. Fernades, H. Fernandes, J. Ferreira, J. A. Fessey, O. Février, O. Ficker, A. Field, S. Fietz, A. Figueiredo, J. Figueiredo, A. Fil, P. Finburg, M. Firdaouss, U. Fischer, L. Fittill, M. Fitzgerald, D. Flammini, J. Flanagan, C. Fleming, K. Flinders, N. Fonnesu, J. M. Fontdecaba, A. Formisano, L. Forsythe, L. Fortuna, E. Fortuna-Zalesna, M. Fortune, S. Foster, T. Franke, T. Franklin, M. Frasca, L. Frassinetti, M. Freisinger, R. Fresa, D. Frigione, V. Fuchs, D. Fuller, S. Futatani, J. Fyvie, K. Gàl, D. Galassi, K. Galazka, J. Galdon-Quiroga, J. Gallagher, D. Gallart, R. Galvão, X. Gao, Y. Gao, J. Garcia, A. Garcia-Carrasco, M. Garca-Munoz, J.-L. Gardarein, L. Garzotti, P. Gaudio, E. Gauthier, D. F. Gear, S. J. Gee, B. Geiger, M. Gelfusa, S. Gerasimov, G. Gervasini, M. Gethins, Z. Ghani, M. Ghate, M. Gherendi, J. C. Giacalone, L. Giacomelli, C. S. Gibson, T. Giegerich, C. Gil, L. Gil, S. Gilligan, D. Gin, E. Giovannozzi, J. B. Girardo, C. Giroud, G. Giruzzi, S. Glöggler, J. Godwin, J. Goff, P. Gohil, V. Goloborod'ko, R. Gomes, B. Goncalves, M. Goniche, M. Goodliffe, A. Goodyear, G. Gorini, M. Gosk, R. Goulding, A. Goussarov, R. Gowland, B. Graham, M. E. Graham, J. P. Graves, N. Grazier, P. Grazier, N. R. Green, H. Greuner, B. Grierson, F. S. Griph, C. Grisolia, D. Grist, M. Groth, R. Grove, C. N. Grundy, J. Grzonka, D. Guard, C. Guérard, C. Guillemaut, R. Guirlet, C. Gurl, H. H. Utoh, L. J. Hackett, S. Hacquin, A. Hagar, R. Hager, A. Hakola, M. Halitovs, S. J. Hall, S. P. Hallworth Cook, C. Hamlyn-Harris, K. Hammond, C. Harrington, J. Harrison, D. Harting, F. Hasenbeck, Y. Hatano, D. R. Hatch, T. D. V. Haupt, J. Hawes, N. C. Hawkes, J. Hawkins, P. Hawkins, P. W. Haydon, N. Hayter, S. Hazel, P. J. L. Heesterman, K. Heinola, C. Hellesen, T. Hellsten, W. Helou, O. N. Hemming, T. C. Hender, M. Henderson, S. S. Henderson, R. Henriques, D. Hepple, G. Hermon, P. Hertout, C. Hidalgo, E. G. Highcock, M. Hill, J. Hillairet, J. Hillesheim, D. Hillis, K. Hizanidis, A. Hjalmarsson, J. Hobirk, E. Hodille, C. H. A. Hogben, G. M. D. Hogeweij, A. Hollingsworth, S. Hollis, D. A. Homfray, J. Horàcek, G. Hornung, A. R. Horton, L. D. Horton, L. Horvath, S. P. Hotchin, M. R. Hough, P. J. Howarth, A. Hubbard, A. Huber, V. Huber, T. M. Huddleston, M. Hughes, G. T. A. Huijsmans, C. L. Hunter, P. Huynh, A. M. Hynes, D. Iglesias, N. Imazawa, F. Imbeaux, M. Imrìŝek, M. Incelli, P. Innocente, M. Irishkin, I. Ivanova-Stanik, S. Jachmich, A. S. Jacobsen, P. Jacquet, J. Jansons, A. Jardin, A. Järvinen, F. Jaulmes, S. Jednoróq, I. Jenkins, C. Jeong, I. Jepu, E. Joffrin, R. Johnson, T. Johnson, Jane Johnston, L. Joita, G. Jones, T. T. C. Jones, K. K. Hoshino, A. Kallenbach, K. Kamiya, J. Kaniewski, A. Kantor, A. Kappatou, J. Karhunen, D. Karkinsky, I. Karnowska, M. Kaufman, G. Kaveney, Y. Kazakov, V. Kazantzidis, D. L. Keeling, T. Keenan, J. Keep, M. Kempenaars, C. Kennedy, D. Kenny, J. Kent, O. N. Kent, E. Khilkevich, H. T. Kim, H. S. Kim, A. Kinch, C. King, D. King, R. F. King, D. J. Kinna, V. Kiptily, A. Kirk, K. Kirov, A. Kirschner, G. Kizane, C. Klepper, A. Klix, P. Knight, S. J. Knipe, S. Knott, T. Kobuchi, F. Köchl, G. Kocsis, I. Kodeli, L. Kogan, D. Kogut, S. Koivuranta, Y. Kominis, M. Köppen, B. Kos, T. Koskela, H. R. Koslowski, M. Koubiti, M. Kovari, E. Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, A. Krasilnikov, V. Krasilnikov, N. Krawczyk, M. Kresina, K. Krieger, A. Krivska, U. Kruezi, I. Ksiazek, A. Kukushkin, A. Kundu, T. Kurki-Suonio, S. Kwak, R. Kwiatkowski, O. J. Kwon, L. Laguardia, A. Lahtinen, A. Laing, N. Lam, H. T. Lambertz, C. Lane, P. T. Lang, S. Lanthaler, J. Lapins, A. Lasa, J. R. Last, E. Laszynska, R. Lawless, A. Lawson, K. D. Lawson, A. Lazaros, E. Lazzaro, J. Leddy, S. Lee, X. Lefebvre, H. J. Leggate, J. Lehmann, M. Lehnen, D. Leichtle, P. Leichuer, F. Leipold, I. Lengar, M. Lennholm, E. Lerche, A. Lescinskis, S. Lesnoj, E. Letellier, M. Leyland, W. Leysen, L. Li, Y. Liang, J. Likonen, J. Linke, Ch. Linsmeier, B. Lipschultz, G. Liu, Y. Liu, V. P. Lo Schiavo, T. Loarer, A. Loarte, R. C. Lobel, B. Lomanowski, P. J. Lomas, J. Lönnroth, J. M. López, J. López-Razola, R. Lorenzini, U. Losada, J. J. Lovell, A. B. Loving, C. Lowry, T. Luce, R. M. A. Lucock, A. Lukin, C. Luna, M. Lungaroni, C. P. Lungu, M. Lungu, A. Lunniss, I. Lupelli, A. Lyssoivan, N. Macdonald, P. Macheta, K. Maczewa, B. Magesh, P. Maget, C. Maggi, H. Maier, J. Mailloux, T. Makkonen, R. Makwana, A. Malaquias, A. Malizia, P. Manas, A. Manning, M. E. Manso, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, A. Manzanares, Ph. Maquet, Y. Marandet, N. Marcenko, C. Marchetto, O. Marchuk, M. Marinelli, M. Marinucci, T. Markovic, D. Marocco, L. Marot, C. A. Marren, R. Marshal, A. Martin, Y. Martin, A. Martín de Aguilera, F. J. Martínez, J. R. Martín-Solís, Y. Martynova, S. Maruyama, A. Masiello, M. Maslov, S. Matejcik, M. Mattei, G. F. Matthews, F. Maviglia, M. Mayer, M. L. Mayoral, T. May-Smith, D. Mazon, C. Mazzotta, R. McAdams, P. J. McCarthy, K. G. McClements, O. McCormack, P. A. McCullen, D. McDonald, S. McIntosh, R. McKean, J. McKehon, R. C. Meadows, A. Meakins, F. Medina, M. Medland, S. Medley, S. Meigh, A. G. Meigs, G. Meisl, S. Meitner, L. Meneses, S. Menmuir, K. Mergia, I. R. Merrigan, Ph. Mertens, S. Meshchaninov, A. Messiaen, H. Meyer, S. Mianowski, R. Michling, D. Middleton-Gear, J. Miettunen, F. Militello, E. Militello-Asp, G. Miloshevsky, F. Mink, S. Minucci, Y. Miyoshi, J. Mlynàr, D. Molina, I. Monakhov, M. Moneti, R. Mooney, S. Moradi, S. Mordijck, L. Moreira, R. Moreno, F. Moro, A. W. Morris, J. Morris, L. Moser, S. Mosher, D. Moulton, A. Murari, A. Muraro, S. Murphy, N. N. Asakura, Y. S. Na, F. Nabais, R. Naish, T. Nakano, E. Nardon, V. Naulin, M. F. F. Nave, I. Nedzelski, G. Nemtsev, F. Nespoli, A. Neto, R. Neu, V. S. Neverov, M. Newman, K. J. Nicholls, T. Nicolas, A. H. Nielsen, P. Nielsen, E. Nilsson, D. Nishijima, C. Noble, M. Nocente, D. Nodwell, K. Nordlund, H. Nordman, R. Nouailletas, I. Nunes, M. Oberkofler, T. Odupitan, M. T. Ogawa, T. O'Gorman, M. Okabayashi, R. Olney, O. Omolayo, M. O'Mullane, J. Ongena, F. Orsitto, J. Orszagh, B. I. Oswuigwe, R. Otin, A. Owen, R. Paccagnella, N. Pace, D. Pacella, L. W. Packer, A. Page, E. Pajuste, S. Palazzo, S. Pamela, S. Panja, P. Papp, R. Paprok, V. Parail, M. Park, F. Parra Diaz, M. Parsons, R. Pasqualotto, A. Patel, S. Pathak, D. Paton, H. Patten, A. Pau, E. Pawelec, C. Paz Soldan, A. Peackoc, I. J. Pearson, S.-P. Pehkonen, E. Peluso, C. Penot, A. Pereira, R. Pereira, P. P. Pereira Puglia, C. Perez von Thun, S. Peruzzo, S. Peschanyi, M. Peterka, P. Petersson, G. Petravich, A. Petre, N. Petrella, V. Petrzilka, Y. Peysson, D. Pfefferlé, V. Philipps, M. Pillon, G. Pintsuk, P. Piovesan, A. Pires dos Reis, L. Piron, A. Pironti, F. Pisano, R. Pitts, F. Pizzo, V. Plyusnin, N. Pomaro, O. G. Pompilian, P. J. Pool, S. Popovichev, M. T. Porfiri, C. Porosnicu, M. Porton, G. Possnert, S. Potzel, T. Powell, J. Pozzi, V. Prajapati, R. Prakash, G. Prestopino, D. Price, M. Price, R. Price, P. Prior, R. Proudfoot, G. Pucella, P. Puglia, M. E. Puiatti, D. Pulley, K. Purahoo, Th. Pütterich, E. Rachlew, M. Rack, R. Ragona, M. S. J. Rainford, A. Rakha, G. Ramogida, S. Ranjan, C. J. Rapson, J. J. Rasmussen, K. Rathod, G. Rattà, S. Ratynskaia, G. Ravera, C. Rayner, M. Rebai, D. Reece, A. Reed, D. Réfy, B. Regan, J. Regana, M. Reich, N. Reid, F. Reimold, M. Reinhart, M. Reinke, D. Reiser, D. Rendell, C. Reux, S. D. A. Reyes Cortes, S. Reynolds, V. Riccardo, N. Richardson, K. Riddle, D. Rigamonti, F. G. Rimini, J. Risner, M. Riva, C. Roach, R. J. Robins, S. A. Robinson, T. Robinson, D. W. Robson, R. Roccella, R. Rodionov, P. Rodrigues, J. Rodriguez, V. Rohde, F. Romanelli, M. Romanelli, S. Romanelli, J. Romazanov, S. Rowe, M. Rubel, G. Rubinacci, G. Rubino, L. Ruchko, M. Ruiz, C. Ruset, J. Rzadkiewicz, S. Saarelma, R. Sabot, E. Safi, P. Sagar, G. Saibene, F. Saint-Laurent, M. Salewski, A. Salmi, R. Salmon, F. Salzedas, D. Samaddar, U. Samm, D. Sandiford, P. Santa, M. I. K. Santala, B. Santos, A. Santucci, F. Sartori, R. Sartori, O. Sauter, R. Scannell, T. Schlummer, K. Schmid, V. Schmidt, S. Schmuck, M. Schneider, K. Schöpf, D. Schwörer, S. D. Scott, G. Sergienko, M. Sertoli, A. Shabbir, S. E. Sharapov, A. Shaw, R. Shaw, H. Sheikh, A. Shepherd, A. Shevelev, A. Shumack, G. Sias, M. Sibbald, B. Sieglin, S. Silburn, A. Silva, C. Silva, P. A. Simmons, J. Simpson, J. Simpson-Hutchinson, A. Sinha, S. K. Sipilä, A. C. C. Sips, P. Sirén, A. Sirinelli, H. Sjöstrand, M. Skiba, R. Skilton, K. Slabkowska, B. Slade, N. Smith, P. G. Smith, R. Smith, T. J. Smith, M. Smithies, L. Snoj, S. Soare, E. R. Solano, A. Somers, C. Sommariva, P. Sonato, A. Sopplesa, J. Sousa, C. Sozzi, S. Spagnolo, T. Spelzini, F. Spineanu, G. Stables, I. Stamatelatos, M. F. Stamp, P. Staniec, G. Stankunas, C. Stan-Sion, M. J. Stead, E. Stefanikova, I. Stepanov, A. V. Stephen, M. Stephen, A. Stevens, B. D. Stevens, J. Strachan, P. Strand, H. R. Strauss, P. Ström, G. Stubbs, W. Studholme, F. Subba, H. P. Summers, J. Svensson, L. Swiderski, T. Szabolics, M. Szawlowski, G. Szepesi, T. T. Suzuki, B. Tàl, T. Tala, A. R. Talbot, S. Talebzadeh, C. Taliercio, P. Tamain, C. Tame, W. Tang, M. Tardocchi, L. Taroni, D. Taylor, K. A. Taylor, D. Tegnered, G. Telesca, N. Teplova, D. Terranova, D. Testa, E. Tholerus, J. Thomas, J. D. Thomas, P. Thomas, A. Thompson, C.-A. Thompson, V. K. Thompson, L. Thorne, A. Thornton, A. S. Thrysoe, P. A. Tigwell, N. Tipton, I. Tiseanu, H. Tojo, M. Tokitani, P. Tolias, M. Tomes, P. Tonner, M. Towndrow, P. Trimble, M. Tripsky, M. Tsalas, P. Tsavalas, D. Tskhakaya jun, I. Turner, M. M. Turner, M. Turnyanskiy, G. Tvalashvili, S. G. J. Tyrrell, A. Uccello, Z. Ul-Abidin, J. Uljanovs, D. Ulyatt, H. Urano, I. Uytdenhouwen, A. P. Vadgama, D. Valcarcel, M. Valentinuzzi, M. Valisa, P. Vallejos Olivares, M. Valovic, M. Van De Mortel, D. Van Eester, W. Van Renterghem, G. J. van Rooij, J. Varje, S. Varoutis, S. Vartanian, K. Vasava, T. Vasilopoulou, J. Vega, G. Verdoolaege, R. Verhoeven, C. Verona, G. Verona Rinati, E. Veshchev, N. Vianello, J. Vicente, E. Viezzer, S. Villari, F. Villone, P. Vincenzi, I. Vinyar, B. Viola, A. Vitins, Z. Vizvary, M. Vlad, I. Voitsekhovitch, P. Vondràcek, N. Vora, T. Vu, W. W. Pires de Sa, B. Wakeling, C. W. F. Waldon, N. Walkden, M. Walker, R. Walker, M. Walsh, E. Wang, N. Wang, S. Warder, R. J. Warren, J. Waterhouse, N. W. Watkins, C. Watts, T. Wauters, A. Weckmann, J. Weiland, H. Weisen, M. Weiszflog, C. Wellstood, A. T. West, M. R. Wheatley, S. Whetham, A. M. Whitehead, B. D. Whitehead, A. M. Widdowson, S. Wiesen, J. Wilkinson, J. Williams, M. Williams, A. R. Wilson, D. J. Wilson, H. R. Wilson, J. Wilson, M. Wischmeier, G. Withenshaw, A. Withycombe, D. M. Witts, D. Wood, R. Wood, C. Woodley, S. Wray, J. Wright, J. C. Wright, J. Wu, S. Wukitch, A. Wynn, T. Xu, D. Yadikin, W. Yanling, L. Yao, V. Yavorskij, M. G. Yoo, C. Young, D. Young, I. D. Young, R. Young, J. Zacks, R. Zagorski, F. S. Zaitsev, R. Zanino, A. Zarins, K. D. Zastrow, M. Zerbini, W. Zhang, Y. Zhou, E. Zilli, V. Zoita, S. Zoletnik, and I. Zychor
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: A global heat flux model based on a fractional derivative of plasma pressure is proposed for the heat transport in fusion plasmas. The degree of the fractional derivative of the heat flux, α, is defined through the power balance analysis of the steady state. The model was used to obtain the experimental values of α for a large database of the Joint European Torus (JET) carbon-wall as well as ITER like-wall plasmas. The fractional degrees of the electron heat flux are found to be α
Published: 2020
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10. Association between SMAD4 Mutations and GATA6 Expression in Paired Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tumor Specimens: Data from Two Independent Molecularly-Characterized Cohorts

Author: Joshua D. Greendyk, William E. Allen, H. Richard Alexander, Toni Beninato, Mariam F. Eskander, Miral S. Grandhi, Timothy J. Kennedy, Russell C. Langan, Jason C. Maggi, Subhajyoti De, Colin M. Court, and Brett L. Ecker
Subjects: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, SMAD4, GATA6, basal-like, precision oncology, molecular biomarker, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Several molecular biomarkers have been identified to guide induction treatment selection for localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). SMAD4 alterations and low GATA6 expression/modified “Moffitt” basal-like phenotype have each been associated with inferior survival uniquely for patients receiving 5-FU-based therapies. SMAD4 may directly regulate the expression of GATA6 in PDAC, pointing to a common predictive biomarker. To evaluate the relationship between SMAD4 mutations and GATA6 expression in human PDAC tumors, patients with paired SMAD4 mutation and GATA6 mRNA expression data in the TCGA and CPTAC were identified. In 321 patients (TCGA: n = 180; CPTAC: n = 141), the rate of SMAD4 alterations was 26.8%. The rate of SMAD4 alteration did not vary per tertile of normalized GATA6 expression (TCGA: p = 0.928; CPTAC: p = 0.828). In the TCGA, SMAD4 alterations and the basal-like phenotype were each associated with worse survival (log rank p = 0.077 and p = 0.080, respectively), but their combined presence did not identify a subset with uniquely inferior survival (p = 0.943). In the CPTAC, the basal-like phenotype was associated with significantly worse survival (p < 0.001), but the prognostic value was not influenced by the combined presence of SMAD4 alterations (p = 0.960). SMAD4 alterations were not associated with poor clinico-pathological features such as poor tumor grade, advanced tumor stage, positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI), or positive perineural invasion (PNI), compared with SMAD4-wildtype. Given that SMAD4 mutations were not associated with GATA6 expression or Moffitt subtype in two independent molecularly characterized PDAC cohorts, distinct biomarker-defined clinical trials are necessary.
Published: 2023
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11. Serial assessment of hepatic encephalopathy in patients hospitalised for acute decompensation of cirrhosis

Author: Dariana C. Maggi, Ariane Borgonovo, Emília T. Bansho, Pedro E. Soares-Silva, Telma E. Silva, Bruno S. Colombo, Letícia M. Wildner, Maria L. Bazzo, Esther B. Dantas-Correa, Janaína L. Narciso-Schiavon, and Leonardo L. Schiavon
Subjects: Prognosis, End-Stage Liver Disease, Acute-on-chronic liver failure, Hepatic encephalopathy, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract: Introduction and aim: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication of cirrhosis, but the clinical and prognostic significance of the progression of mental status in hospitalised cirrhotics is unknown. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of serial evaluation of HE in patients hospitalised for acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis. Materials and methods: Patients (n = 293) were evaluated for HE (West-Haven criteria) at admission and at day-3 and classified in two groups: (1) Absent or improved HE: HE absent at admission and at day-3, or any improvement at day-3; (2) Unfavourable progression: Development of HE or HE present at admission and stable/worse at day-3. Results: Unfavourable progression of HE was observed in 31% of patients and it was independently associated with previous HE, Child–Pugh C and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). MELD score and unfavourable progression of HE were independently associated with 90-day mortality. The 90-day Kaplan–Meier survival probability was 91% in patients with MELD
Published: 2019
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12. Tensile Properties of 3D Printed Polymeric Pieces: Comparison of Several Testing Setups

Author: Andres E Romero, Marcelo T. Piovan, Carlos A. Mainetti, Darío Stechina, Sandra Mendoza, Héctor D. Martín, and Norberto C Maggi
Subjects: 3d printing, elastic properties, tensile tests, testing sensitivity, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: This work aims to evaluate and compare variations of a methodology for performing tensile tests on thermoplastic specimens constructed by additive manufacturing technologies (AMT) with filament deposition modeling (FDM). The testing procedures of pieces made in FDM machines do not yet have any conclusive standards because 3D printing, as a disruptive and exponentially growing technology, has not allowed enough time to reach a definitive scientific consensus. Nowadays, testing standards for injected thermoplastic parts or laminated composites are employed as substitutes with careful implementation. A comparative study was carried out on the elasticity modulus, determined within the framework of the same standard but with different measuring devices and testing machines. These machines cover a broad range from professional automated high precision machines to lab and specialized machines. Sets of 3Dprinted specimens with identical manufacturing parameters were constructed in a commercial 3D printer. An analysis of variance was performed in order to evaluate the consistency and significance of experimental data for the same polymer, considering the machine type and its corresponding setup. From the experimental data, it is concluded that, with the due care, all evaluated testing setups can reach comparable results, especially in the absence of sophisticated and expensive measuring systems.
Published: 2021
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13. Contributors

Author: Catherine E.M. Aiken, Azita Amiri, Faith L. Anderson, Arthur Argenson, Anna Arita, Hrayr Attarian, Alison Berner, Vineet Bhandari, Vishwanath Bhat, Angelo Jose Goncalves Bos, Neil A. Bradbury, Meghan L. Bucher, Jan Burns, Ilaria Campesi, Arturo Casadevall, Hossein Chiti, Dorte M. Christiansen, Beth Coad, Dolores Corella, Ellie J. Coromilas, Romina Garcia de leon, Virginia Devi-Chou, Jocelyn Dicent, Mehmet Tevfik Dorak, Gillian Einstein, Harun Fajkovic, Ferric C. Fang, Liana Fattore, Anne Fausto-Sterling, Alireza Fazeli, Dov Feldberg, Roger B. Fillingim, Flavia Franconi, Karen H. Frith, Andreas M. Fritzen, Michika Fukui, Liisa A.M. Galea, Dan Gazit, Zulma Gazit, Donato Gemmati, Josephine Giblin, Marek Glezerman, Kasun Godakumara, Sydney Gram, Antonio Guillamon, Susanne B. Haga, Jessica A. Hennessey, Masakatsu Hihara, William V. Holt, Antonia Hufnagel, Hideki Iwaguro, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Daphna Joel, Emil Jovanov, Natsuko Kakudo, Bente Kiens, Jin Kyung Kim, Sylvia Kirchengast, Stephanie M. Kochav, Suranga P. Kodithuwakku, L.M. Kok, Peter Koopman, Zoe Krut, Atsuyuki Kuro, Ryosuke Kuroda, Satoshi Kushida, Yunjia Lai, Bonnie H. Lee, Ana Lleo, Anne-Marie Lundsgaard, Adriana C. Maggi, Satoshi Matsushita, Margaret M. McCarthy, Alice Melloni, Maurizio Meloni, Gary W. Miller, Suresh Mishra, Toshihito Mitsui, Hiroshi Mizuno, R.G.H.H. Nelissen, Petr Nickl, Tatsuya Nomura, Sabine Oertelt-Prigione, Gabriela Guimaraes Oliveira-Zumda, Jose M. Ordovas, Negin Parsamanesh, Gadi Pelled, Andrei A. Puiu, M. Natasha Rajah, Doodipala Samba Reddy, Željko Reiner, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Yoshitomo Saita, Ibis Sánchez-Serrano, Reza Sari Motlagh, Ivanka Savic, Manuela Schmidinger, Caleb M. Schmidt, Michael A. Schmidt, Radislav Sedlacek, Angelo Serani, Fidaa Shaib, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Keshav K. Singh, Satoshi Sobajima, Dustin J. Sokolowski, Marla B. Sokolowski, Simón(e) D. Sun, Zhongxin Sun, Jihyun Sung, Linn Amanda Syding, Veena Taneja, Diethard Tautz, Lisa M. Thurston, Siobhan Tierney, Veronica Tisato, Morikuni Tobita, Jessica Tollkuhn, Masanori Tsubosaka, Valter Tucci, Carme Uribe, A. Van Noort, Mikhail Votinov, Reubs J. Walsh, Elaine Y. Wan, and Leire Zubiaurre-Elorza
Published: 2023

14. Is there a role for natural selection in sex differences?

Author: Adriana C. Maggi
Published: 2023

15. Role of NBI fuelling in contributing to density peaking between the ICRH and NBI identity plasmas on JET

Author: T. Tala, F. Eriksson, P. Mantica, A. Mariani, A. Salmi, E.R. Solano, I.S. Carvalho, A. Chomiczewska, E. Delabie, J. Ferreira, E. Fransson, L. Horvath, P. Jacquet, D. King, A. Kirjasuo, S. Leerink, E. Lerche, C. Maggi, M. Marin, M. Maslov, S. Menmuir, R.B. Morales, V. Naulin, M.F.F. Nave, H. Nordman, C. Perez von Thun, P.A. Schneider, M. Sertoli, K. Tanaka, JET Contributors, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, JET, CNR-ENEA-EURATOM Association, University of Milan - Bicocca, CIEMAT, University of Lisbon, IPPLM, Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Military Academy, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Technical University of Denmark, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Tokamak Energy Ltd, National Institute for Fusion Science, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Tala, T, Eriksson, F, Mantica, P, Mariani, A, Salmi, A, Solano, E, Carvalho, I, Chomiczewska, A, Delabie, E, Ferreira, J, Fransson, E, Horvath, L, Jacquet, P, King, D, Kirjasuo, A, Leerink, S, Lerche, E, Maggi, C, Marin, M, Maslov, M, Menmuir, S, Morales, R, Naulin, V, Nave, M, Nordman, H, Perez Von Thun, C, Schneider, P, Sertoli, M, Tanaka, K, Contributors, J, and JET Contributors
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Other Physics Topics, dimensioness identity plasma, particle transport, NBI fuelling, particle transport modelling, Energy Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics, density peaking
Abstract: Density peaking has been studied between an ICRH and NBI identity plasma in JET. The comparison shows that 8 MW of NBI heating/fueling increases the density peaking by a factor of two, being R/L n = 0.45 for the ICRH pulse and R/L n = 0.93 for the NBI one averaged radially over ρ tor = 0.4, 0.8. The dimensionless profiles of q, ρ *, υ *, β n and T i/T e ≈ 1 were matched within 5% difference except in the central part of the plasma (ρ tor < 0.3). The difference in the curvature pinch (same q-profile) and thermo-pinch (T i = T e) between the ICRH and NBI discharges is virtually zero. Both the gyro-kinetic simulations and integrated modelling strongly support the experimental result where the NBI fuelling is the main contributor to the density peaking for this identity pair. It is to be noted here that the integrated modeling does not reproduce the measured electron density profiles, but approximately reproduces the difference in the density profiles between the ICRH and NBI discharge. Based on these modelling results and the analyses, the differences between the two pulses in impurities, fast ions (FIs), toroidal rotation and radiation do not cause any such changes in the background transport that would invalidate the experimental result where the NBI fuelling is the main contributor to the density peaking. This result of R/L n increasing by a factor of 2 per 8 MW of NBI power is valid for the ion temperature gradient dominated low power H-mode plasmas. However, some of the physics processes influencing particle transport, like rotation, turbulence and FI content scale with power, and therefore, the simple scaling on the role of the NBI fuelling in JET is not necessarily the same under higher power conditions or in larger devices.
Published: 2022

16. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis

Author: Letícia Muraro Wildner, Ariane Borgonovo, Maria Luiza Bazzo, Esther Buzaglo Dantas-Corrêa, Tamires Rocha, Flavia Fernandes, Juliana Piedade, Gustavo Pereira, Camila Alcântara, Dariana C Maggi, Caroline Baldin, Leonardo de Lucca Schiavon, Lívia Guimarães, Janaína Luz Narciso-Schiavon, Emilia T.O. Bansho, and Lívia Victor
Subjects: Liver Cirrhosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Article Subject, RC799-869, Cohort Studies, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Decompensation, Univariate analysis, Hepatology, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Gastroenterology, General Medicine, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, humanities, Hospitalization, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, business, Research Article, Cohort study
Abstract: Background. Although recently challenged, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria are still commonly used in daily practice to define sepsis. However, several factors in liver cirrhosis may negatively impact its prognostic ability. Goals. To investigate the factors associated with the presence of SIRS, the characteristics of SIRS related to infection, and its prognostic value among patients hospitalized for acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Study. In this cohort study from two tertiary hospitals, 543 patients were followed up, up to 90 days. Data collection, including the prognostic models, was within 48 hours of admission. Results. SIRS was present in 42.7% of the sample and was independently associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB), ACLF, infection, and negatively related to beta-blockers. SIRS was associated with mortality in univariate analysis, but not in multiple Cox regression analysis. The Kaplan–Meier survival probability of patients without SIRS was 73.0% and for those with SIRS was 64.7%. The presence of SIRS was not significantly associated with mortality when considering patients with or without infection, separately. Infection in SIRS patients was independently associated with Child-Pugh C and inversely related to UGB. Among subjects with SIRS, mortality was independently related to the presence of infection, ACLF, and Child-Pugh C. Conclusions. SIRS was common in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and was of no prognostic value, even in the presence of infection.
Published: 2021

17. B7 immune-checkpoints as targets for the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors

Author: Alyssa Exarchakis, Asha Adem, Xingxing Zang, Edmund C. Lattime, James R. Howe, Svetlana Bagdasarov, Daniel Slegowski, Steven K. Libutti, Zi Qiang Yuan, Elaine C. Maggi, Juliet C. Gardiner, Shuyu Huang, Guiying Li, and Sylvia Lee
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, T-Lymphocytes, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Immunoglobulins, Neuroendocrine tumors, Biology, Article, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Immune system, Downregulation and upregulation, In vivo, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Tumor Microenvironment, medicine, Animals, Humans, Mice, Knockout, Tumor microenvironment, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Immunotherapy, V-Set Domain-Containing T-Cell Activation Inhibitor 1, medicine.disease, Islet, Neuroendocrine Tumors, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Knockout mouse, Cancer research
Abstract: The B7 family, and their receptors, the CD28 family, are major immune checkpoints that regulate T-cell activation and function. In the present study, we explore the role of two B7 immune-checkpoints: HERV-H LTR-Associating Protein 2 (HHLA2) and B7 Family Member, H4 (B7x), in the progression of gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GINETs and PNETs). We demonstrated that both HHLA2 and B7x were expressed to a high degree in human GINETs and PNETs. We determined that the expression of B7x and HHLA2 correlates with higher grade and higher incidence of nodal and distant spread. Furthermore, we confirmed that HIF-1α overexpression is associated with the upregulation of B7x both in our in vivo (animal model) and in vitro (cell culture) models. When grown in vitro, islet tumor β-cells lack B7x expression, unless cultured under hypoxic conditions, which results in both hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α) and B7x upregulation. In vivo, we demonstrated that Men1/B7x double knockout (KO) mice (with loss of B7x expression) exhibited decreased islet β-cell proliferation and tumor transformation accompanied by increased T-cell infiltration compared with Men1 single knockout mice. We have also shown that systemic administration of a B7x mAb to our Men1 KO mice with PNETs promotes an antitumor response mediated by increased T-cell infiltration. These findings suggest that B7x may be a critical mediator of tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment of NETs. Therefore, targeting B7x offers an attractive strategy for the immunotherapy of patients suffering from NETs.
Published: 2021

18. DIII-D research advancing the physics basis for optimizing the tokamak approach to fusion energy

Author: M. E. Fenstermacher, J. Abbate, S. Abe, T. Abrams, M. Adams, B. Adamson, N. Aiba, T. Akiyama, P. Aleynikov, E. Allen, S. Allen, H. Anand, J. Anderson, Y. Andrew, T. Andrews, D. Appelt, R. Arbon, N. Ashikawa, A. Ashourvan, M. Aslin, Y. Asnis, M. Austin, D. Ayala, J. Bak, I. Bandyopadhyay, S. Banerjee, K. Barada, L. Bardoczi, J. Barr, E. Bass, D. Battaglia, A. Battey, W. Baumgartner, L. Baylor, J. Beckers, M. Beidler, E. Belli, J. Berkery, T. Bernard, N. Bertelli, M. Beurskens, R. Bielajew, S. Bilgili, B. Biswas, S. Blondel, J. Boedo, I. Bogatu, R. Boivin, T. Bolzonella, M. Bongard, X. Bonnin, P. Bonoli, M. Bonotto, A. Bortolon, S. Bose, N. Bosviel, S. Bouwmans, M. Boyer, W. Boyes, L. Bradley, R. Brambila, D. Brennan, S. Bringuier, L. Brodsky, M. Brookman, J. Brooks, D. Brower, G. Brown, W. Brown, M. Burke, K. Burrell, K. Butler, R. Buttery, I. Bykov, P. Byrne, A. Cacheris, K. Callahan, J. Callen, G. Campbell, J. Candy, J. Canik, P. Cano-Megias, N. Cao, L. Carayannopoulos, T. Carlstrom, W. Carrig, T. Carter, W. Cary, L. Casali, M. Cengher, G. Cespedes Paz, R. Chaban, V. Chan, B. Chapman, I. Char, A. Chattopadhyay, R. Chen, J. Chen, X. Chen, M. Chen, Z. Chen, M. Choi, W. Choi, G. Choi, L. Chousal, C. Chrobak, C. Chrystal, Y. Chung, R. Churchill, M. Cianciosa, J. Clark, M. Clement, S. Coda, A. Cole, C. Collins, W. Conlin, A. Cooper, J. Cordell, B. Coriton, T. Cote, J. Cothran, A. Creely, N. Crocker, C. Crowe, B. Crowley, T. Crowley, D. Cruz-Zabala, D. Cummings, M. Curie, D. Curreli, A. Dal Molin, B. Dannels, A. Dautt-Silva, K. Davda, G. De Tommasi, P. De Vries, G. Degrandchamp, J. Degrassie, D. Demers, S. Denk, S. Depasquale, E. Deshazer, A. Diallo, S. Diem, A. Dimits, R. Ding, S. Ding, W. Ding, T. Do, J. Doane, G. Dong, D. Donovan, J. Drake, W. Drews, J. Drobny, X. Du, H. Du, V. Duarte, D. Dudt, C. Dunn, J. Duran, A. Dvorak, F. Effenberg, N. Eidietis, D. Elder, D. Eldon, R. Ellis, W. Elwasif, D. Ennis, K. Erickson, D. Ernst, M. Fasciana, D. Fedorov, E. Feibush, N. Ferraro, J. Ferreira, J. Ferron, P. Fimognari, D. Finkenthal, R. Fitzpatrick, P. Fox, W. Fox, L. Frassinetti, H. Frerichs, H. Frye, Y. Fu, K. Gage, J. Galdon Quiroga, A. Gallo, Q. Gao, A. Garcia, M. Garcia Munoz, D. Garnier, A. Garofalo, A. Gattuso, D. Geng, K. Gentle, D. Ghosh, L. Giacomelli, S. Gibson, E. Gilson, C. Giroud, F. Glass, A. Glasser, D. Glibert, P. Gohil, R. Gomez, S. Gomez, X. Gong, E. Gonzales, A. Goodman, Y. Gorelov, V. Graber, R. Granetz, T. Gray, D. Green, C. Greenfield, M. Greenwald, B. Grierson, R. Groebner, W. Grosnickle, M. Groth, H. Grunloh, S. Gu, W. Guo, H. Guo, P. Gupta, J. Guterl, W. Guttenfelder, T. Guzman, S. Haar, R. Hager, S. Hahn, M. Halfmoon, T. Hall, K. Hallatschek, F. Halpern, G. Hammett, H. Han, E. Hansen, C. Hansen, M. Hansink, J. Hanson, M. Hanson, G. Hao, A. Harris, R. Harvey, S. Haskey, E. Hassan, A. Hassanein, D. Hatch, R. Hawryluk, W. Hayashi, W. Heidbrink, J. Herfindal, J. Hicok, D. Hill, E. Hinson, C. Holcomb, L. Holland, C. Holland, E. Hollmann, J. Hollocombe, A. Holm, I. Holmes, K. Holtrop, M. Honda, R. Hong, R. Hood, A. Horton, L. Horvath, M. Hosokawa, S. Houshmandyar, N. Howard, E. Howell, D. Hoyt, W. Hu, Y. Hu, Q. Hu, J. Huang, Y. Huang, J. Hughes, T. Human, D. Humphreys, P. Huynh, A. Hyatt, C. Ibanez, L. Ibarra, R. Icasas, K. Ida, V. Igochine, Y. In, S. Inoue, A. Isayama, O. Izacard, V. Izzo, A. Jackson, G. Jacobsen, A. Jaervinen, A. Jalalvand, J. Janhunen, S. Jardin, H. Jarleblad, Y. Jeon, H. Ji, X. Jian, E. Joffrin, A. Johansen, C. Johnson, T. Johnson, C. Jones, I. Joseph, D. Jubas, B. Junge, W. Kalb, R. Kalling, C. Kamath, J. Kang, D. Kaplan, A. Kaptanoglu, S. Kasdorf, J. Kates-Harbeck, P. Kazantzidis, A. Kellman, D. Kellman, C. Kessel, K. Khumthong, E. Kim, H. Kim, J. Kim, S. Kim, K. Kim, C. Kim, W. Kimura, M. King, J. King, J. Kinsey, A. Kirk, B. Kiyan, A. Kleiner, V. Klevarova, R. Knapp, M. Knolker, W. Ko, T. Kobayashi, E. Koch, M. Kochan, B. Koel, M. Koepke, A. Kohn, R. Kolasinski, E. Kolemen, E. Kostadinova, M. Kostuk, G. Kramer, D. Kriete, L. Kripner, S. Kubota, J. Kulchar, K. Kwon, R. La Haye, F. Laggner, H. Lan, R. Lantsov, L. Lao, A. Lasa Esquisabel, C. Lasnier, C. Lau, B. Leard, J. Lee, R. Lee, M. Lee, Y. Lee, C. Lee, S. Lee, M. Lehnen, A. Leonard, E. Leppink, M. Lesher, J. Lestz, J. Leuer, N. Leuthold, X. Li, K. Li, E. Li, G. Li, L. Li, Z. Li, J. Li, Y. Li, Z. Lin, D. Lin, X. Liu, J. Liu, Y. Liu, T. Liu, C. Liu, Z. Liu, D. Liu, A. Liu, A. Loarte-Prieto, L. Lodestro, N. Logan, J. Lohr, B. Lombardo, J. Lore, Q. Luan, T. Luce, T. Luda Di Cortemiglia, N. Luhmann, R. Lunsford, Z. Luo, A. Lvovskiy, B. Lyons, X. Ma, M. Madruga, B. Madsen, C. Maggi, K. Maheshwari, A. Mail, J. Mailloux, R. Maingi, M. Major, M. Makowski, R. Manchanda, C. Marini, A. Marinoni, A. Maris, T. Markovic, L. Marrelli, E. Martin, J. Mateja, G. Matsunaga, R. Maurizio, P. Mauzey, D. Mauzey, G. Mcardle, J. Mcclenaghan, K. Mccollam, C. Mcdevitt, K. Mckay, G. Mckee, A. Mclean, V. Mehta, E. 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Zamengo, S. Zamperini, M. Zarnstorff, E. Zeger, K. Zeller, L. Zeng, M. Zerbini, L. Zhang, X. Zhang, R. Zhang, B. Zhang, J. Zhang, L. Zhao, B. Zhao, Y. Zheng, L. Zheng, B. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu, M. Zsutty, M. Zuin, Fenstermacher, M. E., Abbate, J., Abe, S., Abrams, T., Adams, M., Adamson, B., Aiba, N., Akiyama, T., Aleynikov, P., Allen, E., Allen, S., Anand, H., Anderson, J., Andrew, Y., Andrews, T., Appelt, D., Arbon, R., Ashikawa, N., Ashourvan, A., Aslin, M., Asnis, Y., Austin, M., Ayala, D., Bak, J., Bandyopadhyay, I., Banerjee, S., Barada, K., Bardoczi, L., Barr, J., Bass, E., Battaglia, D., Battey, A., Baumgartner, W., Baylor, L., Beckers, J., Beidler, M., Belli, E., Berkery, J., Bernard, T., Bertelli, N., Beurskens, M., Bielajew, R., Bilgili, S., Biswas, B., Blondel, S., Boedo, J., Bogatu, I., Boivin, R., Bolzonella, T., Bongard, M., Bonnin, X., Bonoli, P., Bonotto, M., Bortolon, A., Bose, S., Bosviel, N., Bouwmans, S., Boyer, M., Boyes, W., Bradley, L., Brambila, R., Brennan, D., Bringuier, S., Brodsky, L., Brookman, M., Brooks, J., Brower, D., Brown, G., Brown, W., Burke, M., Burrell, K., Butler, K., Buttery, R., Bykov, I., Byrne, P., Cacheris, A., Callahan, K., Callen, J., Campbell, G., Candy, J., Canik, 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Effenberg, F., Eidietis, N., Elder, D., Eldon, D., Ellis, R., Elwasif, W., Ennis, D., Erickson, K., Ernst, D., Fasciana, M., Fedorov, D., Feibush, E., Ferraro, N., Ferreira, J., Ferron, J., Fimognari, P., Finkenthal, D., Fitzpatrick, R., Fox, P., Fox, W., Frassinetti, L., Frerichs, H., Frye, H., Fu, Y., Gage, K., Galdon Quiroga, J., Gallo, A., Gao, Q., Garcia, A., Garcia Munoz, M., Garnier, D., Garofalo, A., Gattuso, A., Geng, D., Gentle, K., Ghosh, D., Giacomelli, L., Gibson, S., Gilson, E., Giroud, C., Glass, F., Glasser, A., Glibert, D., Gohil, P., Gomez, R., Gomez, S., Gong, X., Gonzales, E., Goodman, A., Gorelov, Y., Graber, V., Granetz, R., Gray, T., Green, D., Greenfield, C., Greenwald, M., Grierson, B., Groebner, R., Grosnickle, W., Groth, M., Grunloh, H., Gu, S., Guo, W., Guo, H., Gupta, P., Guterl, J., Guttenfelder, W., Guzman, T., Haar, S., Hager, R., Hahn, S., Halfmoon, M., Hall, T., Hallatschek, K., Halpern, F., Hammett, G., Han, H., Hansen, E., Hansen, C., Hansink, M., 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R, Piovesan, P, Piper, N, Pironti, A, Pitts, R, Pizzo, J, Plank, U, Podesta, M, Poli, E, Poli, F, Ponce, D, Popovic, Z, Porkolab, M, Porter, G, Powers, C, Powers, S, Prater, R, Pratt, Q, Pusztai, I, Qian, J, Qin, X, Ra, O, Rafiq, T, Raines, T, Raman, R, Rauch, J, Raymond, A, Rea, C, Reich, M, Reiman, A, Reinhold, S, Reinke, M, Reksoatmodjo, R, Ren, Q, Ren, Y, Ren, J, Rensink, M, Renteria, J, Rhodes, T, Rice, J, Roberts, R, Robinson, J, Fernandez, P, Rognlien, T, Rosenthal, A, Rosiello, S, Rost, J, Roveto, J, Rowan, W, Rozenblat, R, Ruane, J, Rudakov, D, Ruiz, J, Rupani, R, Saarelma, S, Sabbagh, S, Sachdev, J, Saenz, J, Saib, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sammuli, B, Samuell, C, Sandorfi, A, Sang, C, Sarff, J, Sauter, O, Schaubel, K, Schmitz, L, Schmitz, O, Schneider, J, Schroeder, P, Schultz, K, Schuster, E, Schwartz, J, Sciortino, F, Scotti, F, Scoville, J, Seltzman, A, Seol, S, Sfiligoi, I, Shafer, M, Sharapov, S, Shen, H, Sheng, Z, Shepard, T, Shi, S, Shibata, Y, Shin, G, Shiraki, D, 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Zhu, B, Zhu, J, Zhu, Y, Zsutty, M, Zuin, M, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, General Atomics, Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Imperial College London, National Institute for Fusion Science, Universidade de São Paulo, University of Texas at Austin, ITER, College of William and Mary, University of California Los Angeles, University of California San Diego, Columbia University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Eindhoven University of Technology, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, West Virginia University, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, National Research Council of Italy, Stony Brook University, Purdue University, University of Seville, University of Science and Technology of China, Carnegie Mellon University, Institute for Plasma Research, Peking University, University of California Davis, University of California Irvine, Commonwealth Fusion Systems, University of Liverpool, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Milan - Bicocca, Georgia Institute of Technology, Southwestern Institute of Physics, University of Toronto, Auburn University, Polytechnic University of Turin, Universidade Lisboa, Association CCFE, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, San Diego State University, Durham University, Lehigh University, Fusion and Plasma Physics, University of Washington, Department of Applied Physics, Sandia National Laboratories, Ghent University, Technical University of Denmark, CEA, University of Colorado Boulder, Harvard University, National Technical University of Athens, Coventry University, University of Stuttgart, Czech Academy of Sciences, Harvey Mudd College, Seoul National University, Donghua University, University of York, Dalian University of Technology, University of California Berkeley, Los Alamos National Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, University of British Columbia, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, Michigan State University, University of Strathclyde, Pennsylvania State University, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, University of Southern California, Chalmers University of Technology, University of Virginia, University of Naples Federico II, University of Oxford, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, National Institute of Technology, University of Connecticut, DIFFER, CIEMAT, Hanyang University, Brigham Young University, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Australian National University, Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Zhejiang University, The University of Tokyo, University of Michigan, Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, DIII-D Team, Complex Ionized Media, Elementary Processes in Gas Discharges, Applied Physics and Science Education, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, and Control Systems Technology
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Tokamak, Technology and Engineering, DIII-D, Nuclear engineering, TOKAMAKS, MITIGATION, law.invention, Plasma physics, mitigation, law, plasma physic, tokamak, Physics, Core-edge integration, Basis (linear algebra), plasma physics, core-edge integration, scenarios, Fusion power, Condensed Matter Physics, SCENARIOS, fusion energy, Fusion energy
Abstract: Funding Information: This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, using the DIII-D National Fusion Facility, a DOE Office of Science user facility, under Awards DE-FC02-04ER54698 and DE-AC52-07NA27344. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 IAEA, Vienna. DIII-D physics research addresses critical challenges for the operation of ITER and the next generation of fusion energy devices. This is done through a focus on innovations to provide solutions for high performance long pulse operation, coupled with fundamental plasma physics understanding and model validation, to drive scenario development by integrating high performance core and boundary plasmas. Substantial increases in off-axis current drive efficiency from an innovative top launch system for EC power, and in pressure broadening for Alfven eigenmode control from a co-/counter-I p steerable off-axis neutral beam, all improve the prospects for optimization of future long pulse/steady state high performance tokamak operation. Fundamental studies into the modes that drive the evolution of the pedestal pressure profile and electron vs ion heat flux validate predictive models of pedestal recovery after ELMs. Understanding the physics mechanisms of ELM control and density pumpout by 3D magnetic perturbation fields leads to confident predictions for ITER and future devices. Validated modeling of high-Z shattered pellet injection for disruption mitigation, runaway electron dissipation, and techniques for disruption prediction and avoidance including machine learning, give confidence in handling disruptivity for future devices. For the non-nuclear phase of ITER, two actuators are identified to lower the L-H threshold power in hydrogen plasmas. With this physics understanding and suite of capabilities, a high poloidal beta optimized-core scenario with an internal transport barrier that projects nearly to Q = 10 in ITER at ∼8 MA was coupled to a detached divertor, and a near super H-mode optimized-pedestal scenario with co-I p beam injection was coupled to a radiative divertor. The hybrid core scenario was achieved directly, without the need for anomalous current diffusion, using off-axis current drive actuators. Also, a controller to assess proximity to stability limits and regulate β N in the ITER baseline scenario, based on plasma response to probing 3D fields, was demonstrated. Finally, innovative tokamak operation using a negative triangularity shape showed many attractive features for future pilot plant operation.
Published: 2022

19. EE128 Facing the Challenge of Ageing: Cost-Effectiveness of the SPRINT-T Protocol

Author: A Cicchetti, S Coretti, F Rumi, E Di Brino, M Basile, C Maggi, and M Oradei
Subjects: Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Published: 2022

20. Serial assessment of hepatic encephalopathy in patients hospitalised for acute decompensation of cirrhosis

Author: Emilia T.O. Bansho, Bruno S. Colombo, Ariane Borgonovo, Pedro E. Soares-Silva, Maria Luiza Bazzo, Telma Erotides Silva, Dariana C Maggi, Letícia Muraro Wildner, Leonardo de Lucca Schiavon, Esther Buzaglo Dantas-Corrêa, and Janaína Luz Narciso-Schiavon
Subjects: Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Cirrhosis, Specialties of internal medicine, Risk Assessment, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, Patient Admission, 0302 clinical medicine, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, Survival probability, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Decompensation, In patient, Clinical care, Hepatic encephalopathy, Aged, End-Stage Liver Disease, Hepatology, business.industry, Remission Induction, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Acute-on-chronic liver failure, RC581-951, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Disease Progression, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Complication
Abstract: Introduction and aim: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent complication of cirrhosis, but the clinical and prognostic significance of the progression of mental status in hospitalised cirrhotics is unknown. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of serial evaluation of HE in patients hospitalised for acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis. Materials and methods: Patients (n = 293) were evaluated for HE (West-Haven criteria) at admission and at day-3 and classified in two groups: (1) Absent or improved HE: HE absent at admission and at day-3, or any improvement at day-3; (2) Unfavourable progression: Development of HE or HE present at admission and stable/worse at day-3. Results: Unfavourable progression of HE was observed in 31% of patients and it was independently associated with previous HE, Child–Pugh C and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). MELD score and unfavourable progression of HE were independently associated with 90-day mortality. The 90-day Kaplan–Meier survival probability was 91% in patients with MELD
Published: 2019

21. Applicability of Sepsis-3 criteria and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment in patients with cirrhosis hospitalised for bacterial infections

Author: Camila Matiollo, Esther Buzaglo Dantas-Corrêa, Fernanda Cristina de Augustinho, Janaína Luz Narciso-Schiavon, Ariane Borgonovo, Tamara Liana Zocche, Dariana C Maggi, Elayne Cristina de Morais Rateke, and Leonardo de Lucca Schiavon
Subjects: Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Organ Dysfunction Scores, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Survival probability, Internal medicine, Chronic liver failure, medicine, Humans, In patient, Hospital Mortality, Prognostic models, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Hepatology, Sequential organ failure assessment, business.industry, Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure, Reproducibility of Results, Bacterial Infections, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, ROC Curve, Area Under Curve, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Brazil, Cohort study
Abstract: BACKGROUND & AIMS An algorithm including Sepsis-3 criteria and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) was recently proposed to predict severity of infection in cirrhosis. However, its applicability among patients without a baseline SOFA available for Sepsis-3 definition is unknown. We sought to investigate the applicability and prognostic value of qSOFA and Sepsis-3 criteria in patients with cirrhosis hospitalised for bacterial infections, without pre-hospitalisation SOFA. METHODS In this cohort study, 164 patients were followed up to 30 days. Data collection, including the prognostic models, was performed at admission and at day-3. RESULTS All patients fulfilled Sepsis-3 criteria (admission SOFA ≥ 2) and, therefore, admission Sepsis-3 was not included in further analysis. Admission qSOFA was an independent predictor of survival (HR = 2.271, P = 0.015). For patients initially classified as high risk by qSOFA, Chronic Liver Failure - Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (CLIF-SOFA) was the only prognostic predictor. Among patients initially classified as low risk by qSOFA, the following parameters evaluated at day-3 were independent predictors of survival: qSOFA, acute-on-chronic liver failure, and Child-Pugh classification. Although not independently related to survival, Sepsis-3 criteria at day-3 was associated with lower 30-day survival in Kaplan-Meier analysis (66% vs 85%, P = 0.008). However, prognosis was better predicted by day-3 qSOFA, with 30-day Kaplan-Meier survival probability of 88% when qSOFA
Published: 2018

22. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of clinically significant placenta accreta spectrum disorders

Author: Luigi Grazioli, C. Maggi, Sebastiana Gambarini, Federico Prefumo, Amerigo Santoro, Nicola Fratelli, Anna Fichera, Franco Odicino, and C. Cavalli
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Placenta accreta, medicine.medical_treatment, Placenta, Uterus, agreement, magnetic resonance imaging, placenta accreta spectrum, ultrasound, Female, Humans, Placenta Accreta, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Color, Uterine artery embolization, Medicine, Prenatal, Caesarean section, Ultrasonography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Ultrasound, Doppler, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Placenta previa, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Radiology, business
Abstract: Objectives We aimed to assess the performance of ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs for antenatal detection of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders in women with placenta previa (placental edge ≤2 cm from the internal uterine orifice, ≥260/7 weeks’ gestation) with and without a history of previous Caesarean section. Methods Single center prospective observational study. US suspicion of PAS was raised in the presence of obliteration of the hypoechoic space between uterus and placenta, interruption of the hyperechoic uterine-bladder interface and/or turbulent placental lacunae on color Doppler. All MRI studies were blindly evaluated by a single operator. PAS was defined as clinically significant when histopathological diagnosis was associated with at least one of: intrauterine balloon placement, compressive uterine sutures, peripartum hysterectomy, uterine or hypogastric artery ligature, uterine artery embolization. Results A total of 39 women were included: 7/39 had clinically significant PAS. There were 6/18 cases of PAS with anterior placenta: hypoechoic space interruption and placental lacunae were the most sensitive sonographic signs (83%), while abnormal hyperechoic interface was the most specific (83%). On MRI, focal myometrial interruption and T2 intraplacental dark bands showed the best sensitivity (83%), bladder tenting had the best specificity (100%). 1/21 women with posterior placenta had PAS. There was substantial agreement between US and MRI in patients with anterior placenta (κ=0.78). Conclusions US and MRI agreement in antenatal diagnosis of clinically significant PAS was maximal in high-risk women. Placental lacunae on ultrasound scan and T2 intraplacental hypointense bands on MRI should trigger the suspicion of PAS.
Published: 2021

23. Mechanism of self-propulsion in 3D-printed active granular particles

Author: N Koumakis, A Gnoli, C Maggi, A Puglisi, and R Di Leonardo
Subjects: active matter, granular propulsion, 3D printing, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Active granular particles can harness unbiased mechanical vibrations in the environment to generate directed motion. We provide a theoretical framework that connects the geometrical shape of a three dimensional object to its self-propulsion characteristics over a vertically vibrated plate. We find that a maximally efficient propulsion is achieved for structures having tilted flexible legs forming a characteristic angle with the vertical. Our predictions are verified by experimental observations on a class of 3D printed structures with smoothly varying geometrical features.
Published: 2016
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24. Low molecular weight serum cell-free DNA concentration is associated with clinicopathologic indices of poor prognosis in women with uterine cancer

Author: Dennis Yi-Shin Kuo, Elaine C. Maggi, Gregory M. Gressel, Cristina Montagna, Bryan E. Harmon, Kenny Ye, and Siobhan M. Dolan
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Leiomyosarcoma, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Medicine, Gastroenterology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell-free DNA, 0302 clinical medicine, Endometrial cancer, Uterine cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Stage (cooking), Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Cancer, General Medicine, Serum biomarkers, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Endometrial Neoplasms, Molecular Weight, Serum DNA, 030104 developmental biology, Cell-free fetal DNA, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Uterine Neoplasms, Biomarker (medicine), Female, business, Cell-Free Nucleic Acids
Abstract: Background Serum cell-free DNA (cfDNA) holds promise as a non-invasive cancer biomarker. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of cfDNA concentration with clinicopathologic variables of poor prognosis and overall survival among women with uterine cancer compared to benign cancer-free controls. Methods cfDNA was extracted from the serum of 91 women with multiple uterine cancer histologies and 22 post-menopausal controls without cancer. Low molecular weight (LMW) cfDNA was separated from contaminating genomic high molecular weight cfDNA using paramagnetic bead purification and its concentration was measured using fluorometric quantification. Clinicopathologic data was abstracted from the electronic medical record. The association between serum cfDNA concentration, clinicopathologic variables, and overall survival was assessed using linear regression modelling, Cox proportional hazards modelling, and the Kaplan–Meier method. Results Median total serum cfDNA concentration for the cohort was 69.2 ng/mL (IQR 37.4, 132.3) and median LMW cfDNA concentration was 23.8 ng/mL (IQR 14.9, 44.4). There were no significant differences in total serum cfDNA concentration with any clinicopathologic variables. However, LMW cfDNA concentration was significantly higher in serum of women with cancer (25.8 ng/mL IQR 16.0, 49.6) compared to benign controls (15.5 ng/mL IQR 9.3, 25.8 ng/mL) (p Conclusions Serum LMW cfDNA concentration is associated with overall survival in women with uterine cancer, and it is higher among women with uterine cancer compared to those of controls.
Published: 2020

25. Obesità in gravidanza: fattore di rischio per esiti perinatali sfavorevoli?

Author: Enrico Sartori, Federica Colombi, Giorgia Mazzoni, C. Maggi, and Adriana Valcamonico
Subjects: business.industry, Medicine, General Medicine, business
Published: 2020

26. Tissue-specific induced DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) in endocrine pancreas by RCAS-TVA-based somatic gene transfer system promotes β-cell proliferation

Author: Steven K. Libutti, Peter Romanienko, Yi-Chieh Nancy Du, Ziqiang Yuan, Juliet C. Gardiner, Elaine C. Maggi, Asha Adem, George Zhang, and Sylvia Lee
Subjects: DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1, 0301 basic medicine, endocrine system, Cancer Research, endocrine system diseases, Somatic cell, Transgene, Genetic Vectors, Antineoplastic Agents, Mice, Transgenic, Biology, environment and public health, Alpharetrovirus, Article, Islets of Langerhans, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, Cell Line, Tumor, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1, medicine, Animals, Humans, MEN1, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Molecular Biology, Cell Proliferation, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, urogenital system, Gene Transfer Techniques, Fibroblasts, Hyperplasia, medicine.disease, Islet, Up-Regulation, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, embryonic structures, Cancer research, DNMT1, Molecular Medicine, Pancreas, Chickens
Abstract: We reported that inactivation of menin (the protein product of MEN1) increases activity of Dnmt1 and mediates DNA hypermethylation in the development of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. We have developed a RCAS-TVA-based somatic gene transfer system that enables tissue-specific delivery of Dnmt1 to individual β-cells of the pancreas in a RIP-TVA mouse model. In the present study, we mediated Dnmt1 expression in islet β-cells in RIP-TVA mice by utilizing the RCAS-TVA system to test if the upregulation of Dnmt1 can promote β-cell proliferation. In vitro, we demonstrated that upregulation of Dnmt1 increased β-cell proliferation. In vivo, our results showed that the levels of serum insulin were increased in the RIP-TVA mice with RCASBP-Dnmt1 infection compared with wild-type control mice with RCASBP-Dnmt1 infection. Furthermore, we confirmed that mRNA and protein expression of Dnmt1 as well as Dnmt1 enzyme activity were upregulated in the RIP-TVA mice with RCASBP-Dnmt1 infection compared with wild-type control mice with RCASBP-Dnmt1 infection. Finally, we demonstrated that upregulation of Dnmt1 resulted in hyperplasia through β-cell proliferation. We conclude that the upregulation of Dnmt1 promotes islet β-cell proliferation and targeting Dnmt1 may be a promising therapy for patients suffering from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Published: 2018

27. Feasibility study of large scale hydrogen power-to-gas applications and cost of the systems evolving with scaling up in Germany, Belgium and Iceland

Author: D. Thomas, S. Weidner, I. François, C. Maggi, M. Faltenbacher, and J.B. Skùlason
Subjects: Scale (ratio), Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, 020209 energy, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Environmental economics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Fuel Technology, Variable renewable energy, Cost driver, Hydrogen fuel, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental science, Profitability index, Electricity, 0210 nano-technology, Cost of electricity by source, business, Scaling
Abstract: The use of hydrogen to store electricity is no longer utopian nor merely theoretical. Hydrogen applications such as Power-to-Gas systems are entering the market and some of them are ready to compete with other options in the near future. This means they have indeed a potential for profitability, especially if seen as large-scale storage solutions for the electricity surplus produced by variable renewable energy sources. In this study Power-to-Industry, Power-to-Mobility and Power-to-Power applications are chosen to be investigated and compared through levelized cost of hydrogen to identify the main cost drivers and consequently understand the possible solutions to reduce costs. The feasibility of the applications is discussed and analyzed in Germany, Belgium and Iceland, with mid and long-term perspectives, focusing the analysis on the advantage of scaling up.
Published: 2018

28. VP18.06: Automated analysis algorithms in second trimester obstetric ultrasound (Auto‐2T): a randomised controlled study

Author: L. Franceschetti, Anna Fichera, C. Maggi, and Federico Prefumo
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Reproductive Medicine, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Obstetrics, Second trimester, business.industry, medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine, Obstetric ultrasound, business
Published: 2021

29. Toddler emotional states, temperamental traits, and their interaction: Associations with mothers’ and fathers’ parenting

Author: Margaret A. Fields-Olivieri, Mirella C. Maggi, and Pamela M. Cole
Subjects: Surgency, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, 05 social sciences, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, Negative affectivity, Developmental psychology, mental disorders, Positive emotion, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Temperament, Toddler, Psychology, Association (psychology), human activities, Negative emotion, General Psychology, 050104 developmental & child psychology, media_common
Abstract: We investigated the degree to which toddlers’ observed emotional states, toddlers’ temperamental traits, and their interaction accounted for variance in mothers’ and fathers’ parenting. Main effects of two emotional states (positive emotion and negative emotion), three temperamental traits (negative affectivity, effortful control, and surgency) as well as state-by-trait interactions, were examined in relation to parental sensitivity, positive affect, and negative affect. The hypothesis that toddlers’ temperamental traits would moderate the association between their observed emotional states and parenting was partially supported. Significant state-by-trait interactions were found in models predicting the probability that mothers and fathers expressed negative affect toward their toddlers. For parental sensitivity and positive affect, only main effects of temperament and/or emotion expression accounted for variance in parenting.
Published: 2017

30. Novel targets in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors: RBP2

Author: Judy S. Crabtree and Elaine C. Maggi
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Economics and Econometrics, biology, Retinoblastoma, Angiogenesis, Cancer, Forestry, Neuroendocrine tumors, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, KDM5A, Demethylase activity, Materials Chemistry, Media Technology, biology.protein, medicine, Cancer research, Demethylase, Carcinogenesis
Abstract: Retinoblastoma binding protein 2, also known as RBP2, JARID1A or KDM5A, is an H3K4 demethylase implicated in a variety of non-neuroendocrine, and more recently, neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). NETs are tumors that form from neuroendocrine cells in tissues of the GI tract, endocrine pancreas, lung, skin and other tissues. RBP2 is expressed at abnormally high levels in NETs and recent work demonstrates that modulation of RBP2 in vitro and in vivo impacts end points of tumorigenesis. Interestingly, the demethylase activity of RBP2 is not exclusively responsible for these changes, as RBP2's binding partners may mediate its activity in a tissue- or context-dependent manner. Here, we discuss the features of RBP2 and its role in cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis and drug resistance in cancer.
Published: 2017

31. Preclinical evaluation of radiation and systemic, RGD-targeted, adeno-associated virus phage-TNF gene therapy in a mouse model of spontaneously metastatic melanoma

Author: Rafi Kabarriti, Lisa Scandiuzzi, Ziqiang Yuan, Asha Adem, A. Sara, Carmen Sanchez Claros, L. Liu, Indranil Basu, Elaine C. Maggi, N. Healy, Chandan Guha, Thomas J. Quinn, and J. Gorecka
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy, Genetic enhancement, Genetic Vectors, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Melanoma, Experimental, medicine.disease_cause, Virus, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cell Line, Tumor, Tumor Microenvironment, Animals, Medicine, Neoplasm Metastasis, Melanoma, Molecular Biology, Adeno-associated virus, Tumor microenvironment, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Radiotherapy, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, business.industry, Genetic Therapy, Dependovirus, medicine.disease, Combined Modality Therapy, Survival Analysis, Primary tumor, Tumor Burden, Disease Models, Animal, Treatment Outcome, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, Cancer research, Molecular Medicine, Female, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, business, Oligopeptides, Radiotherapy, Image-Guided
Abstract: The incidence of melanoma in the United States continues to rise, with metastatic lesions notoriously recalcitrant to therapy. There are limited effective treatment options available and a great need for more effective therapies that can be rapidly integrated in the clinic. In this study, we demonstrate that the combination of RGD-targeted adeno-associated virus phage (RGD-AAVP-TNF) with hypofractionated radiation therapy results in synergistic inhibition of primary syngeneic B16 melanoma in a C57 mouse model. Furthermore, this combination appeared to modify the tumor microenvironment, resulting in decreased Tregs in the draining LN and increased tumor-associated macrophages within the primary tumor. Finally, there appeared to be a reduction in metastatic potential and a prolongation of overall survival in the combined treatment group. These results indicate the use of targeted TNF gene therapy vector with radiation treatment could be a valuable treatment option for patients with metastatic melanoma.
Published: 2016

32. Cerebroplacental ratio before induction of labour in normally grown fetuses at term and intrapartum fetal compromise

Author: C. Maggi, Federico Prefumo, Andrea Lojacono, Giorgia Mazzoni, Nicola Fratelli, and V. Gerosa
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, MEDLINE, Fetal Distress, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, medicine, Humans, Labor, Induced, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Fetus, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Anthropometry, Obstetrics, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, medicine.disease, Term (time), Reproductive Medicine, Female, Observational study, Ultrasonography, business
Published: 2018

33. A direct comparison of interphase FISH versus low-coverage single cell sequencing to detect aneuploidy reveals respective strengths and weaknesses

Author: Cristina Montagna, Wilber Quispe-Tintaya, Elaine C. Maggi, Daniel G. Piqué, Jessica C. Mar, Judith Campisi, Alexander Y. Maslov, Jan Vijg, Samuel E. Zimmerman, Grasiella A. Andriani, and Moonsook Lee
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Somatic cell, lcsh:Medicine, Aneuploidy, Biology, Sensitivity and Specificity, Fluorescence, Article, Genomic analysis, Polyploidy, Cytogenetics, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Polyploid, Single-cell analysis, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:Science, Interphase, In Situ Hybridization, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Cerebral Cortex, Neurons, Whole genome sequencing, Multidisciplinary, Whole Genome Sequencing, medicine.diagnostic_test, Human Genome, lcsh:R, Reproducibility of Results, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Other Physical Sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Single cell sequencing, Karyotyping, Hepatocytes, lcsh:Q, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Single-Cell Analysis, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Abstract: Aneuploidy has been reported to occur at remarkably high levels in normal somatic tissues using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH). Recently, these reports were contradicted by single-cell low-coverage whole genome sequencing (scL-WGS) analyses, which showed aneuploidy frequencies at least an order of magnitude lower. To explain these seemingly contradictory findings, we used both techniques to analyze artificially generated mock aneuploid cells and cells with natural random aneuploidy. Our data indicate that while FISH tended to over-report aneuploidies, a modified 2-probe approach can accurately detect low levels of aneuploidy. Further, scL-WGS tends to underestimate aneuploidy levels, especially in a polyploid background.
Published: 2019

34. Aneuvis: web-based exploration of numerical chromosomal variation in single cells

Author: John M. Greally, Jessica C. Mar, Grasiella A. Andriani, Daniel G. Piqué, Elaine C. Maggi, Samuel E. Zimmerman, and Cristina Montagna
Subjects: Source code, Computer science, Interface (computing), Aneuploidy, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, User-Computer Interface, 0302 clinical medicine, Software, Structural Biology, Chromosome instability, Malignant cells, lcsh:QH301-705.5, media_common, Visualization, education.field_of_study, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, Applied Mathematics, Numerical chromosomal variation, Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Multi-experiment comparison, 3. Good health, Computer Science Applications, Variation (linguistics), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, lcsh:R858-859.7, DNA microarray, Single-Cell Analysis, Single-cell genomics, DNA Copy Number Variations, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Computational biology, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Automated hypothesis testing, Chromosomes, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Web application, Humans, education, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Internet, Whole Genome Sequencing, business.industry, Cancer, Chromosome, medicine.disease, lcsh:Biology (General), business, Carcinogenesis
Abstract: MotivationAberrations in chromosomal copy number are one of the most common molecular features observed in cancer. Quantifying the degree of numerical chromosomal variation in single cells across a population of cells is of interest to researchers studying whole chromosomal instability (W-CIN). W-CIN, a state of high numerical chromosomal variation, contributes to treatment resistance in cancer.ResultsHere, we introduce aneuvis, a web application that allows users to determine whether numerical chromosomal variation exists between experimental treatment groups. The web interface allows users to upload molecular cytogenetic or processed whole-genome sequencing data in a cell-by-chromosome matrix format and automatically generates visualizations and summary statistics that reflect the degree of numeric chromosomal variability. Aneuvis is the first user-friendly web application to help researchers identify the genetic and environmental perturbations that promote numerical chromosomal variation.Availability and ImplementationAneuvis is freely available as a web application at https://dpique.shinyapps.io/aneuvis/. Website implemented using Shiny version 1.0.5 with all major browsers supported. All source code for the application is available at https://github.com/dpique/aneuvis.
Published: 2019

35. Insertional oncogenesis by HPV70 revealed by multiple genomic analyses in a clinically HPV-negative cervical cancer

Author: Dennis Yi-Shin Kuo, Mark H. Einstein, Bryan E. Harmon, Elaine C. Maggi, Nicole E. Patterson, Lorenzo Agoni, Koenraad Van Doorslaer, Nicole S. Nevadunsky, Anne Van Arsdale, Cristina Montagna, and Jack Lenz
Subjects: Cancer Research, Carcinogenesis, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Genomics, long range sequencing, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, DNA sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, oncogene, Genetics, medicine, cancer, Humans, RNA, Messenger, HPV DNA, Papillomaviridae, Gene, Research Articles, Subgenomic mRNA, Cervical cancer, Massive parallel sequencing, Base Sequence, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Papillomavirus Infections, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Cancer, BCL11B, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Repressor Proteins, insertional oncogenesis, hybridization capture, HPV70, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, fluorescent in situ hybridization, DNA, Viral, Cancer research, Female, Human genome, cervical carcinoma, Research Article
Abstract: Cervical carcinogenesis, the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide, is caused by multiple types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs). To investigate a possible role for HPV in a cervical carcinoma that was HPV-negative by PCR testing, we performed HPV DNA hybridization capture plus massively parallel sequencing. This detected a subgenomic, URR- E6-E7-E1 segment of HPV70 DNA, a type not generally associated with cervical cancer, inserted in an intron of the B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B (BCL11B) gene in the human genome. Long range DNA sequencing confirmed the virus and flankingBCL11BDNA structures including both insertion junctions. Global transcriptomic analysis detected multiple, alternatively spliced, HPV70-BCL11B, fusion transcripts with fused open reading frames. The insertion and fusion transcripts were present in an intraepithelial precursor phase of tumorigenesis. These results suggest oncogenicity of HPV70, identify novelBCL11Bvariants with potential oncogenic implications, and underscore the advantages of thorough genomic analyses to elucidate insights into HPV-associated tumorigenesis.Statement of SignificanceMultiple HPV types have been defined as high risk for cancer causation. However, genomic analyses applied here detected a non-high risk HPV in a carcinoma that was HPV negative, and elucidated virally-associated tumorigenic genetic events. This stresses the importance of thorough genomic analyses for elucidating genetic processes in HPV-associated tumorigenesis.Author SummaryCervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Most cervical cancers are caused by one of 15 high risk types of human papilloma viruses (HPVs), although hundreds of types of HPVs exist. We used a series of contemporary genomics analyses to examine a cervical cancer that was clinically determined to be HPV-negative. These detected DNA of HPV70, an HPV type not considered to be high risk, in the tumor. Approximately half of the HPV70 DNA genome was present including the viral E6 and E7 oncogenes. Moreover, the viral DNA was inserted into theBCL11Bgene in the human genome.BCL11Bis known to be mutated in certain human cancers. The HPV70 DNA interacted with the humanBCL11Bgene to produce altered forms of RNA encoding unusual, truncated forms of theBCL11Bprotein. These results strongly implicate HPV70 as being oncogenic, suggest that this tumor was caused by a combination of viral oncogenes plus the virally-activated humanBCL11Bgene, demonstrate novel truncatedBCL11Bvariants with oncogenic implications, and underscore the advantages of thorough genomic analyses to elucidate HPV tumorigenesis insights
Published: 2019

36. Labor induction with misoprostol vaginal insert compared with dinoprostone vaginal insert

Author: Giorgia Mazzoni, Nicola Fratelli, Enrico Sartori, Andrea Lojacono, C. Maggi, V. Gerosa, and Federico Prefumo
Subjects: induction of labor, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Bishop score, Oxytocin, tachysystole, Dinoprostone, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Oxytocics, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Labor, Induced, Cervix, Misoprostol, Retrospective Studies, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Intravaginal, Vaginal delivery, Obstetrics, business.industry, Cesarean Section, Induced, Pregnancy Outcome, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, Delivery mode, Labor, Administration, Intravaginal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Labor induction, Administration, cesarean section, dinoprostone, misoprostol, Female, business, medicine.drug, Uterine tachysystole
Abstract: INTRODUCTION Misoprostol vaginal insert could lead to a significant reduction in the time to vaginal delivery, and an increase in the proportion of women achieving vaginal delivery, compared with dinoprostone vaginal insert. We compared the delivery outcomes of misoprostol 200 μg vaginal insert and dinoprostone 10 mg vaginal insert for induction of labor in women with an unfavorable cervix. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a retrospective observational study conducted on a cohort of 220 women with a Bishop score ≤4 admitted for induction of labor at a single institution. Of these, 109 (49.5%) received the misoprostol vaginal insert and 111 (50.5%) received the dinoprostone vaginal insert. The primary outcome was the vaginal delivery rate. Secondary outcomes were time from induction to vaginal delivery, time to any delivery mode, time from induction to the onset of active labor, oxytocin use, uterine tachysystole and need for tocolysis. RESULTS The vaginal delivery rate was 88% in the misoprostol insert group, compared with 74% in the dinoprostone insert group (P
Published: 2019

37. Acquisition of an oncogenic fusion protein serves as an initial driving mutation by inducing aneuploidy and overriding proliferative defects

Author: Fern Tsien, Judy S. Crabtree, Elaine C. Maggi, Jovanny Zabaleta, Christopher M. Taylor, Patrick J. Miller, Andrew D. Hollenbach, Jyothi Vijayaraghavan, Benjamin P. Bonner, and Jacob M. Loupe
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, Aneuploidy, Biology, Malignant transformation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, microRNA, medicine, Humans, aneuploidy, Genetics, Oncogene, phosphorylation, Cancer, Pax3-FOXO1, medicine.disease, musculoskeletal system, Phenotype, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, Sarcoma, myogenesis, Priority Research Paper
Abstract: // Jacob M. Loupe 1,4,* , Patrick J. Miller 1,5,* , Benjamin P. Bonner 1,* , Elaine C. Maggi 1 , Jyothi Vijayaraghavan 1 , Jovanny Zabaleta 2 , Christopher M. Taylor 3 , Fern Tsien 1 , Judy S. Crabtree 1 and Andrew D. Hollenbach 1 1 Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA 2 Department of Pediatrics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA 3 Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA 4 Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Richard B. Simches Research Center, Boston, MA, USA 5 Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Andrew D. Hollenbach, email: // Keywords : aneuploidy, Pax3-FOXO1, myogenesis, phosphorylation, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma Received : April 07, 2016 Accepted : August 10, 2016 Published : August 30, 2016 Abstract While many solid tumors are defined by the presence of a particular oncogene, the role that this oncogene plays in driving transformation through the acquisition of aneuploidy and overcoming growth arrest are often not known. Further, although aneuploidy is present in many solid tumors, it is not clear whether it is the cause or effect of malignant transformation. The childhood sarcoma, Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), is primarily defined by the t(2;13)(q35;q14) translocation, creating the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein. It is unclear what role PAX3-FOXO1 plays in the initial stages of tumor development through the acquisition and persistence of aneuploidy. In this study we demonstrate that PAX3-FOXO1 serves as a driver mutation to initiate a cascade of mRNA and miRNA changes that ultimately reprogram proliferating myoblasts to induce the formation of ARMS. We present evidence that cells containing PAX3-FOXO1 have changes in the expression of mRNA and miRNA essential for maintaining proper chromosome number and structure thereby promoting aneuploidy. Further, we demonstrate that the presence of PAX3-FOXO1 alters the expression of growth factor related mRNA and miRNA, thereby overriding aneuploid-dependent growth arrest. Finally, we present evidence that phosphorylation of PAX3-FOXO1 contributes to these changes. This is one of the first studies describing how an oncogene and post-translational modifications drive the development of a tumor through the acquisition and persistence of aneuploidy. This mechanism has implications for other solid tumors where large-scale genomics studies may elucidate how global alterations contribute to tumor phenotypes allowing the development of much needed multi-faceted tumor-specific therapeutic regimens.
Published: 2016

38. Insomnio: Actualización en estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas

Author: Cecilia Lucero, Leonor Griselda Castellino, Mariana Rosas, Mariela Tanzi, Roque A. Zalazar, Stella M Valiensi, Marcela Ponce de León, Silvana C. Maggi, Daniel Alejandro Álvarez, Leonardo A. González, and Elda Cecilia Berrozpe
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Resumen El insomnio es un trastorno frecuente en la practica clinica y su prevalencia aumenta con la edad. Disminuye la calidad de vida e interfiere en las relaciones/funcionamiento social y, si no es tratado, constituye un factor de riesgo para desarrollar depresion. Objetivo La guia pretende orientar al medico neurologo para su correcto diagnostico y tratamiento, basada en la bibliografia cientifica disponible. Desarrollo Segun la Clasificacion Internacional de Desordenes del Sueno del ano 2014 (ICSD-3), el insomnio se clasifica en insomnio cronico, insomnio de corto plazo y otros insomnios. Es necesaria una evaluacion correcta del paciente para la determinacion del tipo de insomnio. Al abordar al paciente, se deben considerar sintomas diurnos y nocturnos, puesto que tienen diferentes manifestaciones. El diario del sueno y los cuestionarios aportan datos utiles, dificiles de detectar solo con la entrevista medica. La polisomnografia es de utilidad cuando se sospecha que el insomnio se presenta en forma concomitante o es secundario a otros trastornos del sueno. El tratamiento del insomnio incluye medidas farmacologicas y no farmacologicas. Conclusiones El insomnio es un importante problema de salud publica que afecta a millones de personas en el mundo. El tratamiento depende de numerosos factores relacionados con el paciente y su entorno.
Published: 2016

39. AACR precision medicine series: Highlights of the integrating clinical genomics and cancer therapy meeting

Author: Cristina Montagna and Elaine C. Maggi
Subjects: business.industry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Cancer therapy, Cancer, Genomics, Precision medicine, medicine.disease, Bioinformatics, Data science, Clinical trial, Genetics, medicine, Personalized medicine, Sociology, business, Molecular Biology, Exome sequencing, Personal genomics
Abstract: The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Precision Medicine Series "Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy" took place June 13-16, 2015 in Salt Lake City, Utah. The conference was co-chaired by Charles L. Sawyers form Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, Elaine R. Mardis form Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and Arul M. Chinnaiyan from University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. About 500 clinicians, basic science investigators, bioinformaticians, and postdoctoral fellows joined together to discuss the current state of Clinical Genomics and the advances and challenges of integrating Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies into clinical practice. The plenary sessions and panel discussions covered current platforms and sequencing approaches adopted for NGS assays of cancer genome at several national and international institutions, different approaches used to map and classify targetable sequence variants, and how information acquired with the sequencing of the cancer genome is used to guide treatment options. While challenges still exist from a technological perspective, it emerged that there exists considerable need for the development of tools to aid the identification of the therapy most suitable based on the mutational profile of the somatic cancer genome. The process to match patients to ongoing clinical trials is still complex. In addition, the need for centralized data repositories, preferably linked to well annotated clinical records, that aid sharing of sequencing information is central to begin understanding the contribution of variants of unknown significance to tumor etiology and response to therapy. Here we summarize the highlights of this stimulating four-day conference with a major emphasis on the open problems that the clinical genomics community is currently facing and the tools most needed for advancing this field.
Published: 2015

40. Validation of an enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in gynecologic surgery: an Italian randomized study

Author: Enrico Sartori, Franco Odicino, Marta Mauri, C. Maggi, Sara Forte, Valentina Zizioli, Federico Ferrari, and Nicola Sbalzer
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Randomization, business.industry, Nausea, Endometrial cancer, medicine.medical_treatment, Obstetrics and Gynecology, medicine.disease, law.invention, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Vomiting, Defecation, 030212 general & internal medicine, medicine.symptom, Ovarian cancer, business, Gynecological surgery
Abstract: Objective The study aims to validate an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in gynecological surgery both for benign and malignant disease (endometrial cancer and advanced ovarian cancer) and to measure the adherence to ERAS items in a randomized trial setting. Study design In this trial (NCT03347409), we randomly assigned patients to undergo standard perioperative care or ERAS protocol. The primary outcome is a shorter length of stay in favor of ERAS. Secondary outcomes include measurement of adherence to ERAS items, comparison of postoperative pain, vomiting and nausea, anesthesiological and surgical complications up to thirty days after surgery, rate of readmissions, the time-to-event in hours for bowel movements, flatus, drink, hunger, eating and walking and lastly the quality of recovery using a validated questionnaire (QoR 15). Finally, we explored the length of stay in the prespecified subgroups at randomization, based on the type of surgical access and gynecological disease. Results A total of 168 women were available for analysis, of them 85 (50.6%) underwent standard perioperative care while 83 (49.4%) were assigned to ERAS. The two groups were similar for age, BMI, comorbidities, anesthesiological risk, smoking habits, surgical access and complexity of surgical procedures. Seventy-two patients (42.9%) underwent surgery for benign surgery, 48 (28.6%) for endometrial cancer and 48 (28.6%) for ovarian cancer. Women in the ERAS group had a shorter length of stay [median 2 (IQR 2-3) versus 4 (IQR 4-7) days; p Conclusion Application of ERAS protocol in gynecological surgery translated in a shorter length of stay, regardless of surgical access and type of gynecological disease. Adherence to ERAS items in the setting of a randomized trial is high.
Published: 2020

41. Core Density Peaking Experiments in Various Operational Scenarios in JET

Author: T.Tala, A. Salmi, H. Nordman, C. Bourdelle, J. Citrin, A. Czarnecka, F. Eriksson, C. Giroud, J. Hillesheim, C. Maggi, P. Mantica, A. Mariani, M. Maslov, L. Meneses, S. Menmuir, S. Mordijck, V. Naulin, M. Oberparleiter, G. Sips, A. Skyman, D. Tegnered, M. Tsalas, H. Weisen, and JET contributors
Subjects: ___
Abstract: ___
Published: 2018

42. CORE DENSITY PEAKING EXPERIMENTS IN JET, DIII-D AND C-MOD IN VARIOUS OPERATIONAL SCENARIOS - DRIVEN BY FUELING OR TRANSPORT?

Author: T. Tala, A. Salmi, S. Mordijck, H. NORDMAN, F. ERIKSSON, E. FRANSSON, M. OBERPARLEITER, A SKYMAN, D. TEGNERED, C. Bourdelle, J.Citrin, A.CZARNECKA, C. GIROUD, J. HILLESHEIM, C. MAGGI, M. MASLOV, S. MENMUIR, A.HUBBARD, J.W. HUGHESM E. TOLMAN, P. MANTICA, A. MARIANI, G. MCKEE, L. MENESES, M. TSALAS, V.Naulin, T.Rhodes, G.Sips, and H.Weisen
Subjects: ___, Physics::Plasma Physics
Abstract: Core density profile peaking and electron particle transport have been extensively studied by performing several dimensionally matched collisionality (?*) scans in various plasma operation scenarios on JET and on DIII-D and a 2-point ?*scan in I-mode on C-Mod. The experimental results from the various JET H-mode as well as the DIII-D H-mode scans show that density peaking increases with decreasing ?*. In JET, the NBI particle source is contributing 50-60% to the peaking in plasmas where Te/Ti~1 and at ?*=0.1-0.5 (averaged between r/a=0.3-0.8) independent of ?*. On DIII-D, the density peaking is solely a transport effect at low ?* while the NBI contributes to density peaking around 30-40% at higher ?*. The reason for JET and DIII-D being different with respect to NBI fueling versus inward pinch is under investigation. These dimensionally matched ?* scans give the best data for model validation. TGLF simulations are in excellent agreement with the experimental results with respect to the role of NBI versus inward pinch in JET and higher ?* discharges on DIII-D. GENE predicts larger role for the NBI fueling in JET than observed in experiment but is in good agreement within the DIII-D scan, justifying the use of these models/codes in predicting density peaking. In L-mode plasma conditions, the role of the NBI source is small, typically 10-20% and the electron particle transport coefficients are large. On C-Mod, the I-mode density peaking database indicated that in the I-mode plasmas, there is no ?* dependence in density peaking. This result indicates that particle transport characteristics are more analogous to those of L-mode than H-mode and similar to L-mode ones observed in JET and DIII-D.
Published: 2018

43. Development of a Method to Implement Whole-Genome Bisulfite Sequencing of cfDNA from Cancer Patients and a Mouse Tumor Model

Author: Elaine C. Maggi, Silvia Gravina, Haiying Cheng, Bilal Piperdi, Ziqiang Yuan, Xiao Dong, Steven K. Libutti, Jan Vijg, and Cristina Montagna
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, lcsh:QH426-470, Bisulfite sequencing, pancreatic cancer, Biology, Genome, cell-free DNA, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pancreatic cancer, medicine, Genetics, Methods, cfDNA, Genetics (clinical), DNA methylation, Cancer, Methylation, circulating DNA, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, non-invasive blood based screening, chemistry, Cell-free fetal DNA, Cancer research, Molecular Medicine, biomarker, DNA, mouse cfDNA
Abstract: The goal of this study was to develop a method for whole genome cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation analysis in humans and mice with the ultimate goal to facilitate the identification of tumor derived DNA methylation changes in the blood. Plasma or serum from patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors or lung cancer, and plasma from a murine model of pancreatic adenocarcinoma was used to develop a protocol for cfDNA isolation, library preparation and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of ultra low quantities of cfDNA, including tumor-specific DNA. The protocol developed produced high quality libraries consistently generating a conversion rate >98% that will be applicable for the analysis of human and mouse plasma or serum to detect tumor-derived changes in DNA methylation.
Published: 2018

44. OC30.01: Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound for detection of placental accretism and depth of placental invasion (ADoPAD study)

Author: C. Kaihura, Giuseppe Calì, Anna Franca Cavaliere, Federico Mecacci, Francesco D'Antonio, A. Sciarrone, Fabio Facchinetti, Antonella Cromi, M. Veneziano, Nicola Fratelli, Tullio Ghi, E. Fabbri, Enrico Ferrazzi, Irene Cetin, F. Prefumo, M. Mascherpa, C. Cavalli, Patrizia Vergani, Tiziana Frusca, N. Chianchiano, F. Labate, Tamara Stampalija, E. Viora, Anna Fichera, and C. Maggi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Reproductive Medicine, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Ultrasound, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Diagnostic accuracy, General Medicine, Radiology, business
Published: 2019

45. EP20.16: Cerebroplacental ratio before induction of labour and intrapartum fetal compromise in normally grown term fetuses

Author: G. Mazzoni, V. Gerosa, F. Prefumo, Andrea Lojacono, C. Maggi, and Nicola Fratelli
Subjects: Fetus, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Obstetrics, business.industry, Compromise, media_common.quotation_subject, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, Term (time), Reproductive Medicine, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business, media_common
Published: 2019

46. Robotic Application for Pancreatectomy

Author: Melissa E. Hogg, Herbert J. Zeh, Jason C. Maggi, and Amer H. Zureikat
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Surgical approach, business.industry, Tumor biology, medicine.medical_treatment, Pancreatectomy, medicine, Robotic surgery, business, Distal pancreatectomy, Pancreatic resection, Pancreatic surgery, Surgery
Abstract: With improved surgical techniques and understanding of tumor biology, intervention for malignant pancreatic diseases has continued to increase over the past several decades. Concurrently, minimally invasive surgical approaches have been utilized with increasing frequency. However, due to the inherent difficulty associated with pancreatic resections, adoption of minimally invasive techniques has been slower to gain acceptance.
Published: 2017

47. Four Separate Dimensionless Collisionality Scans in various JET Scenarios

Author: T. Tala (1, H. Nordman (2, A. Salmi (1, D. Tegnered (2, C. Bourdelle (3, P. Carvalho (4, A. Czarnecka (5, L. Giacomelli (4, C. Giroud (6, E. Belonohy (6, J. Hillesheim (6, C. Maggi (6, P. Mantica (4, M. Maslov (6, L. Meneses (7, S. Menmuir (5, S. Mordijck (8, V. Naulin (9, J. Juul Rasmussen (9, G. Sips (10, M. Tsalas (11, H. Weisen (12, and JET contributors
Subjects: ___
Abstract: Particle transport in tokamaks has received much less attention than electron and ion heat transport channels. It is still often not treated self-consistently in transport modelling and predictions for future tokamaks. As a consequence, particle transport and fuelling remain one of the major open questions in understanding the ITER physics [1]. The shape of the density profile has a significant influence on fusion performance and impurity transport. Particle transport has been extensively studied by performing several dimensionally matched collisionality scans in various plasma scenarios in JET. Gas puff modulation technique has been developed with high quality time-dependent density profile measurements to determine particle transport coefficients on JET [2]. The local electron density response to the gas injection was measured Thomson scattering diagnostics close to the midplane. Modulation amplitudes below 0.3-0.5% at mid-radius are reliably measured thus allowing minimal plasma disturbance and the possibility to use data from multiple harmonics. The gas puff modulation was performed with a gas valve at the top of the machine at 3Hz frequency using rectangular waveform, the rate varying from 0 to 6x1022 s-1 at 30% duty cycle. 2. Dimensionless
Published: 2017

48. OC30.02: Diagnostic performance of obstetric ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta in women with two or more Caesarean sections (ADoPAD study)

Author: E. Viora, Giuseppe Calì, E. Fabbri, Federico Prefumo, C. Maggi, C. Kaihura, Tamara Stampalija, Tiziana Frusca, Enrico Ferrazzi, Antonella Cromi, B. Alberghetti, Irene Cetin, N. Chianchiano, Federico Mecacci, F. Labate, Anna Fichera, Patrizia Vergani, Anna Franca Cavaliere, A. Sciarrone, Tullio Ghi, C. Cavalli, M. Veneziano, Nicola Fratelli, Francesco D'Antonio, and Fabio Facchinetti
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Obstetrics, business.industry, Placenta accreta, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prenatal diagnosis, General Medicine, Obstetric ultrasound, medicine.disease, Reproductive Medicine, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business
Published: 2019

49. OC30.03: Diagnostic performance of ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta in women without previous Caesarean section (ADoPAD study)

Author: E. Viora, A. Sciarrone, Anna Franca Cavaliere, Giuseppe Calì, Tiziana Frusca, Patrizia Vergani, Enrico Ferrazzi, Anna Fichera, N. Chianchiano, B. Alberghetti, Federico Mecacci, M. Veneziano, C. Cavalli, Nicola Fratelli, Francesco D'Antonio, Fabio Facchinetti, Tullio Ghi, Antonella Cromi, Irene Cetin, C. Kaihura, C. Maggi, Federico Prefumo, Tamara Stampalija, F. Labate, and E. Fabbri
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Placenta accreta, Obstetrics, medicine.medical_treatment, Ultrasound, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prenatal diagnosis, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Reproductive Medicine, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Caesarean section, business
Published: 2019

50. OP19.02: Comparison of diagnostic performance between obstetric ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorders

Author: L. Bottoni, C. Zanardini, M. Ginami, F. Prefumo, C. Cavalli, I. Nicoli, Enrico Sartori, Nicola Fratelli, Adriana Valcamonico, L. Grazioli, S. Gambarini, C. Maggi, F. Franco, Anna Fichera, and F. Odicino
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Placenta accreta, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Magnetic resonance imaging, General Medicine, Obstetric ultrasound, medicine.disease, Reproductive Medicine, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, business
Published: 2019

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