1,022 results on '"C. Knowles"'
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2. PERSISTENT STAGING AREA MODELS FOR DATA WAREHOUSES
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V. Jovanovic, I. Bojicic, C. Knowles, and M. Pavlic
- Subjects
Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,QA75.5-76.95 - Published
- 2012
3. Integrating Spiking Neural Networks and Deep Learning Algorithms on the Neurorobotics Platform.
- Author
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Rachael Stentiford, Thomas C. Knowles, Benedikt Feldoto, Deniz Ergene, Fabrice O. Morin, and Martin J. Pearson
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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4. WhiskEye: A Biomimetic Model of Multisensory Spatial Memory Based on Sensory Reconstruction.
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Thomas C. Knowles, Rachael Stentiford, and Martin J. Pearson
- Published
- 2021
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5. Utilizing Fe2O3 in phosphate-based glasses to enhance biocompatibility and gamma-ray absorption characteristics: A step towards understanding of Na2O/Fe2O3 translocation in P2O5–CaO–Na2O glass system
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Ensanya A. Abou Neel, S. Soumya, Sharon R. Oyhanart, Jonathan C. Knowles, Shams A.M. Issa, Ghada Almisned, and H.O. Tekin
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Process Chemistry and Technology ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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6. Outcomes of gynecologic cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: an international, multicenter, prospective CovidSurg-Gynecologic Oncology Cancer study
- Author
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Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Siaw-Acheampong, Kwabena, Benson, Ruth A., Bywater, Edward, Chaudhry, Daoud, Dawson, Brett E., Evans, Jonathan P., Glasbey, James C., Gujjuri, Rohan R., Heritage, Emily, Jones, Conor S., Kamarajah, Sivesh K., Khatri, Chetan, Khaw, Rachel A., Keatley, James M., Knight, Andrew, Lawday, Samuel, Li, Elizabeth, Mann, Harvinder S., Marson, Ella J., McLean, Kenneth A., Mckay, Siobhan C., Mills, Emily C., Pellino, Gianluca, Picciochi, Maria, Taylor, Elliott H., Tiwari, Abhinav, Simoes, Joana FF., Trout, Isobel M., Venn, Mary L., Wilkin, Richard JW., Bhangu, Aneel, Abbott, Tom EF., Abukhalaf, Sadi, Adamina, Michel, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Agarwal, Arnav, Akkulak, Murat, Alameer, Ehab, Alderson, Derek, Alakaloko, Felix, Albertsmeier, Markus, Alser, Osaid, Alshaar, Muhammad, Alshryda, Sattar, Arnaud, Alexis P., Augestad, Knut Magne, Ayasra, Faris, Azevedo, José, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K., Barlow, Emma, Beard, David, Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Brar, Amanpreet, Minaya-Bravo, Ana, Breen, Kerry A., Bretherton, Chris, Buarque, Igor Lima, Burke, Joshua, Caruana, Edward J., Chaar, Mohammad, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Christensen, Peter, Cox, Daniel, Cukier, Moises, Cunha, Miguel F., Davidson, Giana H., Desai, Anant, Di Saverio, Salomone, Drake, Thomas M., Edwards, John G., Elhadi, Muhammed, Emile, Sameh, Farik, Shebani, Fiore, Marco, Fitzgerald, J Edward, Ford, Samuel, Garmanova, Tatiana, Gallo, Gaetano, Ghosh, Dhruva, Ataíde Gomes, Gustavo Mendonça, Grecinos, Gustavo, Griffiths, Ewen A., Gruendl, Magdalena, Halkias, Constantine, Harrison, Ewen M., Hisham, Intisar, Hutchinson, Peter J., Hwang, Shelley, Isik, Arda, Jenkinson, Michael D., Jonker, Pascal, MA Kaafarani, Haytham, Keller, Debby, Kolias, Angelos, Kruijff, Schelto, Lawani, Ismail, Lederhuber, Hans, Leventoglu, Sezai, Litvin, Andrey, Loehrer, Andrew, Löffler, Markus W., Lorena, Maria Aguilera, Modolo, Maria Marta, Major, Piotr, Martin, Janet, Mashbari, Hassan N., Mazingi, Dennis, Metallidis, Symeon, Mohan, Helen M., Moore, Rachel, Moszkowicz, David, Moug, Susan, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S., Maimbo, Mayaba, Negoi, Ionut, Niquen, Milagros, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Olivos, Maricarmen, Oussama, Kacimi, Outani, Oumaima, Parreno-Sacdalanm, Marie Dione, Pata, Francesco, Perez Rivera, Carlos Jose, Pinkney, Thomas D., van der Plas, Willemijn, Pockney, Peter, Qureshi, Ahmad, Radenkovic, Dejan, Ramos-De la Medina, Antonio, Richards, Toby, Roberts, Keith, Roslani, April C., Rutegård, Martin, Segura-Sampedro, Juan José, Santos, Irène, Satoi, Sohei, Sayyed, Raza, Schache, Andrew, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A., Seyi-Olajide, Justina O., Sharma, Neil, Shaw, Catherine A., Shaw, Richard, Shu, Sebastian, Soreide, Kjetil, Spinelli, Antonino, Stewart, Grant D., Sund, Malin, Sundar, Sudha, Tabiri, Stephen, Townend, Philip, Tsoulfas, Georgios, van Ramshorst, Gabrielle H., Vidya, Raghavan, Vimalachandran, Dale, Warren, Oliver J., Wedderburn, Duane, Wright, Naomi, Booth, Lesley, Barker, Neil, Cooke, Shirley, Doré, Suzanne, Horwood, Nigel, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Weir, Carrie Tierney, Dajti I, Albania, C, Allemand, LA, Boccalatte, M, Figari, M, Lamm, J, Larrañaga, C, Marchitelli, F, Noll, D, Odetto, M, Perrotta, J, Saadi, L, Zamora, Ballester, A.M., KE, Tapper, N, Zeff, JI, Valenzuela, C, Alurralde, J, Anastasio, Perez de Nucci A, Apas, EL, Caram, D, Eskinazi, JP, Mendoza, M, Usandivaras, R, Badra, A, Esteban, JS, García, PM, García, JI, Gerchunoff, Lucchini, S.M., NIgra, M.A., L, Vargas, T, Hovhannisyan, A, Stepanyan, CE, Vasey, EGR, Watson, C, Ip, J, Kealey, CSH, Lim, S, Sengupta, S, Ward, E, Wong, T, Gould, R, Gourlay, B, Griffiths, S, Gananadha, M, McLaren, J, Cecire, N, Joshi, S, Salindera, A, Sutherland, JH, Ahn, G, Charlton, S, Chen, N, Gauri, R, Hayhurst, S, Jang, F, Jia, C, Mulligan, W, Yang, G, Ye, H, Zhang, M, Ballal, D, Gibson, D, Hayne, H, McMillan, J, Moss, MJ, Pugliese, T, Richards, YTN, Seow, A, Thian, P, Viswambaram, UG, Vo, J, Bennetts, T, Bright, Brooke-Smith, M., R, Fong, B, Gricks, L, Huang, YH, Lam, A, Nathan, Ong, B.S., E, Ooi, M, Szpytma, D, Watson, K, Bagraith, S, Caird, E, Chan, C, Dawson, D, Ho, N, Hui, S, Izwan, E, Jeyarajan, S, Jordan, R, Liang, A, Lim, GJ, Nolan, A, Oar, D, Parker, H, Puhalla, A, Quennell, L, Rutherford, C, Sommerville, P, Townend, Papen M, Von, M, Wullschleger, AC, Dawson, A, Drane, A, Blatt, D, Cope, N, Egoroff, M, Fenton, J, Gani, N, Lott, P, Pockney, N, Shugg, M, Elliott, D, Phung, D, Phan, D, Townend, C, Bong, J, Gundara, A, Frankel, S, Bowman, GR, Guerra, N, Gerns, S, McGeorge, A, Riddell, M, Roberts, N, Rukin, J, Bolt, K, Buddingh, Dudi-Venkata, N.N., S, Jog, HM, Kroon, T, Sammour, R, Smith, C, Stranz, M, Batstone, K, Lah, W, McGahan, D, Mitchell, A, Morton, A, Pearce, G, Sheahan, B, Swinson, A, Waldron, P, Walker, N, Alam, S, Banting, L, Chong, P, Choong, S, Clatworthy, D, Foley, A, Fox, MW, Hii, B, Knowles, J, Mack, M, Read, A, Rowcroft, G, Wright, EWY, Lun, M, Lanner, J, Burtscher, Trivik-Barrientos, F., I, Königsrainer, M, Bauer, C, Freyschlag, M, Kafka, F, Messner, D, Öfner, I, Tsibulak, S, Holawe, M, Zimmermann, K, Emmanuel, M, Grechenig, R, Gruber, M, Harald, L, Öhlberger, J, Presl, A, Wimmer, İ, Namazov, E, Samadov, D, Barker, R, Boyce, S, Corbin, A, Doyle, A, Eastmond, R, Gill, A, Haynes, S, Millar, M, O’Shea, G, Padmore, N, Paquette, E, Phillips, John S, St., K, Walkes, J, Abeloos, Backer T, De, Ceulaer J, De, C, Dick, Diez-Fraile, A., P, Lamoral, C, Spaas, W, Ceelen, P, Pattyn, D, Van de putte, Nieuwenhove Y, Van, Ramshorst G, Van, Willaert, W., Bazzett-Matabele, L., SP, Chiyapo, Ramogola-Masire, D., G, Ramontshonyana, A, Seiphetlheng, P, Vuylsteke, EA, Abdallah, Júnior S, Aguiar, G, Baiocchi, GB, Carvalho, FJF, Coimbra, LP, Kowalski, F, Makdissi, N, Marques, T, Marques, Santos S, Soares Dos, Gonçalves B, Tirapelli, JG, Vartanian, Reis R, Dos, P, Camara, Lima RK, De, Giustina E, Della, PV, Hoffmann, A, Gatti, C, Nardi, R, Oliva, L, Nacif, Ferro C, Carvalho, Ataíde G, Gomes Mendonça, Buarque I, Lima, A, Lira dos Santos Leite, Pol-Fachin, L., Bezerra T, Santos, Ramos da Silva A, Maylson, de Araújo Silvestre D, Windson, Barros A, Vieira, L, Campbell, Cicco R, De, I, Cecconello, P, Gregorio, Lima L, Pontual, Junior U, Ribeiro, FR, Takeda, RM, Terra, Teixeira M, Faccini, Kulcsar, M.A.V., LL, Matos, KS, Nunes, G, Laporte, M, Salem, Awada J, Barakat, TR, Ijichi, NJ, Kim, A, Marreiro, B, Muller, R, Nunes, B, Bodanese, ER, Eidt, JC, Isoton, Vieira da Cunha M, Lemos, de Sampaio L, Regina, C, Vendrame, M, Zeni, JA, Zortéa, MR, Zortéa, M, Sokolov, B, Kidane, S, Srinathan, A, Munro, L, Helyer, D, McKeen, M, Boutros, NG, Caminsky, G, Ghitulescu, G, Jamjoum, J, Moon, J, Pelletier, T, Vanounou, S, Wong, D, Cheng, SD, MacNeil, J, Martin, S, Dumitra, A, Kouyoumdjian, S, Schmid, J, Spicer, A, Agarwal, A, Brar, J, Dada, A, Dare, U, Hameed, F, Osman, B, Johnston, C, Russell, G, Groot, A, Persad, H, Pham, M, Wood, M, Ko, L, Rajendran, S, Demyttenaere, R, Garfinkle, C, Brown, A, Karimuddin, N, Lee, J, Liu, Kia T, Madani, Phang, P.T., M, Raval, K, Tom, Abou-Khalil, J., A, Martel, C, Nessim, J, Stevenson, Riyami S, Al, K, Bali, D, Bigam, K, Dajani, A, Dell, MM, Modolo, Nieto P, Ramirez, R, Sepulveda, A, Molero, A, Bolbaran, I, Ruiz, F, Heredia, F, Bellolio, N, Besser, E, Grasset, JO, Guaman, M, Inzunza, MJ, Irarrázaval, C, Jarry, Martinic M, Quintana, Altamirano C, Riquoir, Manqui CA, Romero, Esquide M, Ruiz, Añazco C, Vargas, A, Almeciga, A, Fletcher, A, Merchan, T, Quijano, D, Sanabria, Arias-Amézquita, F., C, Cétares, Murgueitio N, Cortes, Gomez-Mayorga, J.L., Herrera-Almario, G., J, Rodriguez, P, Iglesias, LO, Puentes, JA, Calvache, Orozco-Chamorro, C.M., DA, Rojas, Sánchez-Gómez, A., M, Abadia, J, Acosta, Aristizabal J, Angel, A, Bonilla, L, Caicedo, Quiroz PH, Calderon, Bonilla S, Cervera, S, Diaz, H, Facundo, Mora M, Garcia, O, Guevara, L, Guzman, Mora DR, Herrera, Ramirez LJ, Jimenez, C, Lehmann, E, Manrique, I, Mariño, M, Medina, Morales RE, Pinilla, A, Puerto, Horta J, Puerto, M, Quintero, Ferro M, Rey, A, Saénz, D, Santana, W, Serrano, O, Suescun, Sanchez LM, Trujillo, Cuasquen BG, Velasquez, Quevedo J , Bogota, Mendoza, G, Bačić, D, Karlović, D, Kršul, M, Zelić, I, Luksic, M, Mamic, I, Bacic, B, Bakmaz, I, Ćoza, E, Dijan, Z, Katusic, J, Mihanovic, D, Morović, I, Rakvin, H, Almezghwi, K, Arslan, H, Besim, A, Özant, N, Özçay, K, Frantzeskou, N, Gouvas, G, Kokkinos, P, Papatheodorou, I, Pozotou, O, Stavrinidou, A, Yiallourou, L, Martinek, M, Skrovina, M, Straka, I, Szubota, M, Peteja, J, Žatecký, V, Javurkova, J, Klat, S, Antony, T, Avlund, KD, Berg, M, Borre, P, Christensen, MC, Elkjær, A, Ernst, SK, Fensman, M, Haldrup, JL, Harbjerg, LH, Iversen, Jensen, P.T., TD, Jeppesen, DW, Kjaer, HØ, Kristensen, N, Lund, Axelsen S, Maigaard, M, Mekhael, N, Mikic, EB, Ostenfeld, AL, Ebbehøj, P, Krarup, N, Schlesinger, H, Smith, S, Batista, A, Crespo, PJ, Díaz, R, Rivas, Rodriguez-Abreu, J., N, Tactuk, Kassas M, El, W, Omar, A, Tawheed, M, Talaat, A, Abdelsamed, AY, Azzam, H, Salem, A, Seleim, A, Abdelmajeed, M, Abdou, NE, Abosamak, Sayed M, A.L., F, Ashoush, R, Atta, E, Elazzazy, M, Elnemr, Hewalla ME, Elsayed, I, Elsherbini, E, Essam, M, Ewedah, I, Ghallab, E, Hassan, M, Ibrahim, M, Metwalli, M, Mourad, Qatora, M.S., M, Ragab, A, Sabry, H, Saifeldin, A, Samih, Abdelaal A, Samir, S, Shehata, K, Shenit, D, Attia, N, Kamal, N, Osman, Abbas, A.M., Elazeem HAS, Abd, Abd-Elkariem, A.Y., MM, Abdelkarem, S, Alaa, M, Ashraf, A, Ayman, MG, Azizeldine, H, Elkhayat, Mashhour A, Emad, M, Gaber, HM, Hamza, I, Hawal, HF, Hetta, Ali A, K., S, M.elghazaly, MM, Mohammed, FA, Monib, Nageh, M.A., A, Saad, MM, Saad, M, Shahine, EA, Yousof, A, Youssef, El-Deeb, M., M, Fawzy, G, Ghaly, M, Ibraheem, A, Eldaly, E, Esmail, M, ElFiky, A, Nabil, M, Alrahawy, A, Sakr, H, Soliman, H, Soltan, G, Amira, I, Sallam, M, Sherief, A, Sherif, A, Abdelrahman, H, Aboulkassem, R, Hamdy, A, Morsi, G, Sherif, H, Abdeldayem, Salama I, Abdelkader, M, Balabel, Y, Fayed, AE, Sherif, R, Elmorsi, S, Emile, B, Refky, S, Abd-elsalam, H, Badr, M, Elbahnasawy, M, Elzoghby, M, Essa, Badr S, Gamal, A, Ghoneim, O, Hamad, M, Hamada, M, Hammad, A, Hawila, Morsy, M.S., S, Salman, S, Sarsik, K, Bekele, JH, Kauppila, E, Sarjanoja, O, Helminen, H, Huhta, C, Beyrne, L, Jouffret, L, Lugans, Marie-Macron, L., E, Chouillard, Simone B, De, F, Fredon, A, Roux, J, Bettoni, S, Dakpé, B, Devauchelle, N, Lavagen, S, Testelin, S, Boucher, R, Breheret, A, Gueutier, A, Kahn, Kün-Darbois, J., A, Barrabe, Z, Lakkis, A, Louvrier, S, Manfredelli, P, Mathieu, A, Chebaro, V, Drubay, M, El amrani, C, Eveno, K, Lecolle, G, Legault, L, Martin, G, Piessen, FR, Pruvot, S, Truant, P, Zerbib, Q, Ballouhey, B, Barrat, L, Fourcade, J, Laloze, H, Salle, A, Taibi, J, Tricard, J, Usseglio, D, Bergeat, A, Merdrignac, Roy B, Le, LO, Perotto, A, Scalabre, H, Gornes, C, Vaysse, K, Vergriete, A, Aimé, A, Ezanno, B, Malgras, AP, Arnaud, E, Fustec, V, Lavoue, C, Tesson, P, Bouche, S, Tzedakis, E, Cotte, O, Glehen, J, Lifante, L, Bendjemar, H, Braham, L, Charre, Arbi N, El, L, Morel-chevillet, A, Police, V, Villefranque, E, Volpin, A, D’Urso, E, Felli, D, Mutter, P, Pessaux, B, Seeliger, Y, Barbé, J, Bardet, E, Barret, R, Berry, G, Boddaert, S, Bonnet, E, Brian, N, Cathala, X, Cathelineau, C, Denet, D, Fuks, D, Gossot, M, Grigoroiu, A, Laforest, Levy-Zauberman, Y., Louis-Sylvestre, C., P, Macek, A, Mombet, A, Moumen, G, Pourcher, F, Rozet, Salas R, Sanchez, A, Seguin-givelet, E, Tribillon, V, Crenn, Vergie S, De, E, Duchalais, F, Espitalier, C, Ferron, H, Fragnaud, O, Malard, N, Regenet, J, Rigaud, Y, Varenne, D, Waast, U, Bork, M, Distler, J, Fritzmann, J, Kirchberg, C, Praetorius, C, Riediger, J, Weitz, T, Welsch, P, Wimberger, K, Beyer, C, Kamphues, J, Lauscher, FN, Loch, C, Schineis, M, Albertsmeier, M, Angele, A, Kappenberger, H, Niess, T, Schiergens, J, Werner, R, Becker, J, Jonescheit, J, Doerner, R, Seiberth, I, Pergolini, D, Reim, J, Herzberg, H, Honarpisheh, T, Strate, C, Boeker, I, Hakami, J, Mall, P, Liokatis, W, Smolka, N, Vassos, Mannheim, K, Nowak, T, Reinhard, F, Hölzle, A, Modabber, P, Winnand, M, Anthuber, E, Shiban, B, Sommer, F, Sommer, S, Wolf, H, Howaldt, M, Knitschke, P, Kauffmann, S, Wolfer, J, Kleeff, K, Lorenz, C, Michalski, U, Ronellenfitsch, Saale, Schneider R., E, Bertolani, A, Königsrainer, MW, Löffler, M, Quante, C, Steidle, L, Überrück, C, Yurttas, CS, Betz, J, Bewarder, A, Böttcher, S, Burg, C, Busch, M, Dreimann, KH, Frosch, M, Gosau, A, Heuer, J, Izbicki, TO, Klatte, D, Koenig, N, Moeckelmann, C, Nitschke, D, Perez, M, Priemel, A, Reiter, R, Smeets, U, Speth, M, Stangenberg, S, Thole, FG, Uzunoglu, L, Viezens, T, Vollkommer, N, Zeller, MJ, Battista, K, Gillen, A, Hasenburg, S, Krajnak, VC, Linz, R, Schwab, Amo-Antwi, K., A, Appiah-kubi, T, Konney, A, Tawiah, S, Boatey, A, Issaka, Korsah, M.A., M, Sheriff, K, Angelou, D, Haidopoulos, A, Rodolakis, P, Antonakis, K, Bramis, L, Chardalias, I, Contis, N, Dafnios, D, Dellaportas, G, Fragulidis, A, Gklavas, M, Konstadoulakis, N, Memos, I, Papaconstantinou, A, Polydorou, T, Theodosopoulos, A, Vezakis, MI, Antonopoulou, DK, Manatakis, N, Tasis, N, Arkadopoulos, N, Danias, P, Economopoulou, M, Frountzas, P, Kokoropoulos, A, Larentzakis, N, Michalopoulos, C, Nastos, S, Parasyris, E, Pikoulis, J, Selmani, T, Sidiropoulos, P, Vassiliu, K, Bouchagier, S, Klimopoulos, D, Paspaliari, G, Stylianidis, D, Akrivou, K, Baxevanidou, K, Bouliaris, P, Chatzikomnitsa, G, Delinasios, C, Doudakmanis, M, Efthimiou, A, Giaglaras, C, Kalfountzos, C, Kolla, G, Koukoulis, K, Zervas, S, Zourntou, I, Baloyiannis, A, Diamantis, E, Gkrinia, J, Hajiioannou, C, Korais, O, Koukoura, K, Perivoliotis, A, Saratziotis, C, Skoulakis, D, Symeonidis, K, Tepetes, G, Tzovaras, D, Zacharoulis, V, Alexoudi, K, Antoniades, I, Astreidis, P, Christidis, D, Deligiannidis, T, Grivas, O, Ioannidis, I, Kalaitsidou, L, Loutzidou, A, Mantevas, D, Michailidou, E, Nikolaidou, S, Papadopoulou, K, Paraskevopoulos, S, Politis, A, Stavroglou, D, Tatsis, I, Tilaveridis, K, Vahtsevanos, G, Venetis, I, Karaitianos, T, Tsirlis, K, Dinas, Margioula-Siarkou, C., S, Petousis, E, Baili, A, Charalabopoulos, T, Liakakos, D, Schizas, E, Spartalis, A, Syllaios, C, Zografos, C, Anthoulakis, Christou, C.D., V, Papadopoulos, A, Tooulias, D, Tsolakidis, G, Tsoulfas, D, Zouzoulas, E, Athanasakis, E, Chrysos, I, Tsiaoussis, S, Xenaki, E, Xynos, Duarte A, Barrios, Muralles I, Lopez, MJ, Lowey, AL, Portilla, G, Recinos, JYK, Chan, Chan, S.M., CCN, Chong, K, Futaba, Ho, M.F., SF, Hon, RWH, Lau, TWC, Mak, CF, Ng, CSH, Ng, KKC, Ng, SSM, Ng, AYB, Teoh, JY, Teoh, CC, Foo, B, Banky, N, Suszták, S, Misra, P, Pareek, JR, Vishnoi, S, Ambre, V, Balasubiramaniyan, P, Chappity, I, Chaudhary, L, Colney, MK, Das, M, Imaduddin, A, Jain, SK, Jena, M, Kar, S, Mandal, A, Mishra, SS, Mishra, TS, Mishra, JK, Mitra, Y, Mittal, DK, Muduly, P, Nayak, PK, Parida, P, Pradhan, DK, Rajan, E, Rebba, DK, Samal, A, Singh, M, Sultania, SP, Agarwal, A, Agrawal, RK, Arora, J, 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Titus, HS, Yezzaji, M, Aggarwal, P, Dhamija, A, Kumar, MM, Chisthi, G, Gejoe, D, Gopakumar, VV, Kollengode, KG, Kuttanchettiyar, I, Yadev, A, Balasubramanian, L, Chaturvedula, K, Dharanipragada, R, Kalayarasan, R, Manikandan, P, Penumadu, B, Lakshminarayana, S, Mathew, PV, Reddihalli, S, Shivdas, N, Akhtar, A, Chaturvedi, S, Gupta, V, Kumar, S, Rajan, N, Agrawal, P, Ahluwalia, A, Arora, Batra-Modi, K., M, Biswas, H, Chaturvedi, G, Gautam, M, Jain, S, Jain, S, Kumar, R, Nayyar, A, Tiwari, Rangappa V, Bhushan, A, Kadapathri, T, Kolur, R, Pethkar, V, Pillai, G, Popli, J, Sharma, V, Shetty, N, Subramaniam, J, Williams, P, Agarwal, V, Agarwal, A, Baghel, DB, Sharma, A, Silodia, KN, Singh, SK, Yadav, G, Aziz, N, Chowdri, A, Mehraj, FQ, Parray, ZA, Shah, RA, Wani, Z, Ahmed, RS, Bali, Bhat, M.A., AR, Laharwal, M, Mahmood, IS, Mir, J, Muzamil, FA, Najar, A, Rashid, MH, Rather, M, Zaieem, G, Aggarwal, V, Agrawal, A, Ahmed, R, Ahmed, J, Bhaumik, A, Ghosh, D, Jain, PV, Jain, V, Kewlani, A, Pipara, 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S, McIntosh, P, Mhandu, C, O’Donnell, R, Turkington, Al-Ishaq, Z., S, Bhasin, AS, Bodla, A, Burahee, A, Crichton, El-Ghobashy, A., R, Fossett, N, Pigadas, E, Rahman, D, Snee, R, Vidya, N, Yassin, D, Fountain, Hasan, M.T., K, Karabatsou, R, Laurente, O, Pathmanaban, C, Barlow, D, Ding, J, Foster, L, Longstaff, Brett-Miller, C., FE, Buruiana, A, Al-mukhtar, J, Edwards, A, Giblin, C, Kelty, M, Lee, G, Lye, T, Newman, A, Sharkey, C, Steele, Shah N, Sureshkumar, E, Whitehall, J, Blair, A, Lakhiani, Parry-Smith, W., B, Sahu, R, Athwal, A, Baker, L, Jones, C, Konstantinou, S, Ramcharan, J, Vatish, R, Wilkin, A, Alzetani, K, Amer, A, Badran, HV, Colvin, M, Ethunandan, GK, Sekhon, Z, Shakoor, H, Shields, R, Singh, T, Talbot, F, Wensley, S, Lawday, A, Lyons, S, Newman, E, Chung, R, Hagger, A, Hainsworth, I, Hunt, A, Karim, H, Owen, A, Ramwell, G, Santhirakumaran, J, Smelt, C, Tan, P, Vaughan, K, Williams, C, Baker, A, Davies, J, Gossage, M, Kelly, W, Knight, S, Bromage, J, Hall, V, Kaushik, M, Rudic, N, Vallabh, Y, Zhang, G, Harris, G, James, C, Kang, DJ, Lin, AD, Rajgor, T, Royle, R, Scurrah, B, Steel, LJ, Watson, D, Choi, R, Hutchison, V, Luoma, HJ, Marcus, R, May, A, Menon, B, Pramodana, L, Webber, A, Hayes, R, Jones, G, Sivarajah, M, Smith, A, Smrke, D, Strauss, FAM, Abouelela, IA, Aneke, P, Asaad, B, Brown, J, Collis, S, Duff, A, Khan, F, Moura, M, Taylor, B, Wadham, H, Warburton, T, Elmoslemany, Jenkinson, M.D., CP, Millward, R, Zakaria, S, Mccluney, C, Parmar, S, Shah, J, Allison, Babar, M.S., J, Bowen, B, Collard, S, Goodrum, K, Lau, M, Sargent, R, Scott, E, Thomas, H, Whitmore, D, Balasubramaniam, B, Jayasankar, S, Kapoor, A, Ramachandran, C, Semple, A, Elhamshary, SMB, Imam, K, Kapriniotis, V, Kasivisvanathan, J, Lindsay, Rakhshani-Moghadam, S., N, Beech, M, Chand, L, Green, N, Kalavrezos, H, Kiconco, R, McEwen, C, Schilling, D, Sinha, J, Pereca, S, Chopra, D, Egbeare, R, Thomas, S, Arumugam, B, Ibrahim, K, Khan, T, Combellack, G, Hill, S, Jones, M, Kornaszewska, M, Mohammed, G, Tahhan, V, Valtzoglou, N, Blencowe, P, Eskander, K, Gash, L, Gourbault, M, Hanna, TA, Maccabe, B, Main, J, Olivier, C, Newton, S, Roswadowski, N, Ryan, E, Teh, D, West, H, Al-omishy, M, Baig, H, Bates, Taranto G, Di, K, Dickson, N, Dunne, C, Gill, D, Howe, D, Jeevan, A, Khajuria, Martin-Ucar, A., K, McEvoy, P, Naredla, S, Robertson, M, Sait, DR, Sarma, S, Shanbhag, T, Shortland, S, Simmonds, J, Skillman, N, Tewari, G, Walton, Akhtar, M.A., A, Brunt, J, McIntyre, K, Milne, MM, Rashid, A, Sgrò, KE, Stewart, A, Turnbull, Abou-Foul, A.K., G, Gossedge, S, O’Donnell, F, Oldfield, S, Thomson, Gonzalez M, Aguilar, S, Talukder, C, Boyle, D, Fernando, K, Gallagher, A, Laird, D, Tham, M, Bath, P, Basnyat, H, Davis, P, Montauban, A, Shrestha, K, Agarwal, T, Arif, C, Magee, T, Nambirajan, S, Powell, R, Vinayagam, I, Flindall, A, Hanson, V, Mahendran, S, Green, M, Lim, L, MacDonald, V, Miu, L, Onos, K, Sheridan, R, Young, F, Alam, O, Griffiths, C, Houlden, VS, Kolli, AK, Lala, S, Leeson, R, Peevor, Z, Seymour, E, Consorti, R, Gonzalez, R, Grolman, Kwan-Feinberg, R., T, Liu, O, Merzlikin, Francisco, San, A, Brown, Z, Cooper, S, Hirji, J, Jolissaint, D, Mahvi, B, Okafor, CP, Raut, V, Roxo, A, Salim, S, Bessen, L, Chen, L, Dagrosa, K, Fay, C, Fleischer, R, Hasson, E, Henderson, M, Leech, A, Loehrer, C, Markey, J, Paydarfar, K, Rosenkranz, K, Telma, N, Tocci, Wilkinson-Ryan, I., M, Bokenkamp, K, Brown, D, Fleming, C, Heron, C, Hill, H, Kay, E, Leede, K, McElhinney, KA, Olson, EC, Osterberg, C, Riley, P, Srikanth, J, Barbour, D, Blazer, GA, DiLalla, O, Fayanju, ES, Hwang, R, Kahmke, H, Kazaure, A, Lazarides, W, Lee, M, Lidsky, C, Menendez, D, Moris, J, Plichta, MC, Pradhan, L, Puscas, HE, Rice, D, Rocke, L, Rosenberger, R, Scheri, Smith, B.D., Stang, M.T., L, Tolnitch, K, Turnage, J, Visgauss, FS, Walton, T, Watts, S, Zani, J, Farma, K, Cardona, MC, Russell, J, Clark, D, Kwon, N, Goel, J, Kronenfeld, B, Bigelow, E, Etchill, Gabre-Kidan, A., H, Jenny, A, Kent, MR, Ladd, C, Long, H, Malapati, A, Margalit, S, Rapaport, J, Rose, K, Stevens, L, Tsai, D, Vervoort, P, Yesantharao, A, Dehal, D, Klaristenfeld, K, Huynh, H, Kaafarani, L, Naar, M, Qadan, L, Brown, I, Ganly, JE, Mullinax, N, Alpert, C, Gillezeau, Miles DDS MD, F.A.C.S.B.A., E, Taioli, DE, Cha, E, Gleeson, C, Horn, U, Sarpel, N, Gusani, J, Hazelton, J, Maines, JS, Oh, A, Ssentongo, P, Ssentongo, A, Bhama, K, Colling, M, Najarian, M, Azam, A, Choudhry, W, Marx, Y, Abedin, G, Arzumanov, R, Chokshi, S, Gabrilovich, N, Glass, E, Kalyoussef, Parvin-Nejad, F.P., D, Roden, J, Stein, Suarez-Ligon, A., G, Tsui, K, Zhao, J, Fleming, A, Fuson, J, Gigliotti, A, Ovaitt, Y, Ying, MK, Abel, V, Andaya, K, Bigay, Boeck, M.A., H, Chern, C, Corvera, El-Sayed, I., A, Glencer, P, Ha, Hamilton, B.C.S., C, Heaton, K, Hirose, Jablons, D.M., KS, Kirkwood, LZ, Kornblith, JR, Kratz, RH, Lee, PN, Miller, EK, Nakakura, Nunez-Garcia, B., RJ, O’Donnell, D, Ozgediz, P, Park, B, Robinson, A, Sarin, B, Sheu, MG, Varma, KC, Wai, R, Wustrack, MJ, Xu, M, Zimel, D, CA) Beswick, J, Goddard, J, Manor, J, Song, Springs/Loveland, Denver/Colorado, A, Cioci, W, Pavlis, K, Rakoczy, G, Ruiz, R, Saberi, T, Fullmer, C, Gaskill, N, Gross, K, Kiong, CL, Roland, SN, Zafar, M, Abdallah, A, Abouassi, E, Aigbivbalu, M, Almasri, J, Eid, B, George, G, Kulkarni, H, Marwan, M, Mehdi, Andrés M, San, J, Sundaresan, SG, Aoun, VS, Ban, HH, Batjer, K, Bosler, J, Caruso, B, Sumer, D, Abbott, A, Acher, T, Aiken, J, Barrett, E, Foley, PB, Schwartz, AT, Hawkins, A, Maiga, NM, Ruzgar, M, Sion, S, Ullrich, J, Laufer, S, Scasso, Al-Naggar, H., Al-Shehari, M., A, Almassaudi, M, Alsayadi, R, Alsayadi, M, Nahshal, S, Shream, S, AL-Ameri, M, Aldawbali, Fotopoulou, Christina, Khan, Tabassum, Bracinik, Juraj, Glasbey, James, Abu-Rustum, Nadeem, Chiva, Luis, Fagotti, Anna, Fujiwara, Keiichi, Ghebre, Rahel, Gutelkin, Murat, Konney, Thomas O., Ng, Joseph, Pareja, Rene, Kottayasamy Seenivasagam, Rajkumar, Sehouli, Jalid, Surappa, Shylasree T.S., and Leung, Elaine
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- 2022
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7. A Spiking Neural Network Model of Rodent Head Direction Calibrated With Landmark Free Learning.
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Rachael Stentiford, Thomas C. Knowles, and Martin J. Pearson
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- 2022
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8. Matrix-enabled mechanobiological modulation of osteoimmunology
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Jung-Hwan Lee, Jae Hee Park, Jun Hee Lee, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Jonathan C. Knowles, and Hae-Won Kim
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General Materials Science - Published
- 2022
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9. Physicochemical, Biological, and Antibacterial Properties of Four Bioactive Calcium Silicate-Based Cements
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Shin, Yu-Ji Jang, Yu-Jin Kim, Huong Thu Vu, Jeong-Hui Park, Seong-Jin Shin, Khandmaa Dashnyam, Jonathan C. Knowles, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Soo-Kyung Jun, Mi-Ran Han, Joon-Haeng Lee, Jong-Soo Kim, Jong-Bin Kim, Jung-Hwan Lee, and Ji-Sun
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dental cement ,premixed cement ,commercial pharmaceutical agent ,physicochemical properties ,biological properties ,antibacterial activity - Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) is a pharmaceutical agent that is widely used in dentistry. This bioactive material is used for vital pulp treatment due to its excellent biocompatibility, sealing ability, and antibacterial activity. Its drawbacks include a long setting time and poor maneuverability. Hence, the clinical properties of CSC have recently been improved to decrease its setting time. Despite the widespread clinical usage of CSC, there is no research comparing recently developed CSCs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the physicochemical, biological, and antibacterial properties of four commercial CSCs: two powder–liquid mix types (RetroMTA® [RETM]; Endocem® MTA Zr [ECZR]) and two premixed types (Well-Root™ PT [WRPT]; Endocem® MTA premixed [ECPR]). Each sample was prepared using circular Teflon molds, and tests were conducted after 24 h of setting. The premixed CSCs exhibited a more uniform and less rough surface, higher flowability, and lower film thickness than the powder–liquid mix CSCs. In the pH test, all CSCs showed values between 11.5 and 12.5. In the biological test, cells exposed to ECZR at a concentration of 25% showed greater cell viability, but none of the samples showed a significant difference at low concentration (p > 0.05). Alkaline phosphatase staining revealed that cells exposed to ECZR underwent more odontoblast differentiation than the cells exposed to the other materials; however, no significant difference was observed at a concentration of 12.5% (p > 0.05). In the antibacterial test, the premixed CSCs showed better results than the powder–liquid mix CSCs, and ECPR yielded the best results, followed by WRPT. In conclusion, the premixed CSCs showed improved physical properties, and of the premixed types, ECPR exhibited the highest antibacterial properties. For biological properties, none of these materials showed significant differences at 12.5% dilution. Therefore, ECPR may be a promising material with high antibacterial activity among the four CSCs, but further investigation is needed for clinical situations.
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- 2023
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10. Anthropause shows differential influence of tourism and a no‐take reserve on the abundance and size of two fished species
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Andrew S. Kough, Benjamin C. Gutzler, Justin G. Tuttle, Nicole Palma, Lindy C. Knowles, and Lynn Waterhouse
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Ecology ,Aquatic Science ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2022
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11. Multimodal Representation Learning for Place Recognition Using Deep Hebbian Predictive Coding.
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Martin J. Pearson, Shirin Dora, Oliver Struckmeier, Thomas C. Knowles, Ben Mitchinson, Kshitij Tiwari, Ville Kyrki, Sander M. Bohté, and Cyriel M. A. Pennartz
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- 2021
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12. Influence of Gelatin Source and Bloom Number on Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels Mechanical and Biological Properties for Muscle Regeneration
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Mohammad B. Aljaber, Fiona Verisqa, Zalike Keskin-Erdogan, Kapil D. Patel, David Y. S. Chau, and Jonathan C. Knowles
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hydrogel ,muscle regeneration ,GelMA ,tissue engineering ,mechanical properties ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Approximately half of an adult human’s body weight is made up of muscles. Thus, restoring the functionality and aesthetics of lost muscle tissue is critical. The body is usually able to repair minor muscle injuries. However, when volumetric muscle loss occurs due to tumour extraction, for instance, the body will form fibrous tissue instead. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels have been applied for drug delivery, tissue adhesive, and various tissue engineering applications due to their tuneable mechanical properties. Here, we have synthesised GelMA from different gelatin sources (i.e., porcine, bovine, and fish) with varying bloom numbers, which refers to the gel strength, and investigated for the influence of the source of gelatin and the bloom number on biological activities and mechanical properties. The results indicated that the source of the gelatin and variable bloom numbers have an impact on GelMA hydrogel properties. Furthermore, our findings established that the bovine-derived gelatin methacryloyl (B-GelMA) has better mechanical properties than the other varieties composed of porcine and fish with 60 kPa, 40 kPa, and 10 kPa in bovine, porcine, and fish, respectively. Additionally, it showed a noticeably greater swelling ratio (SR) ~1100% and a reduced rate of degradation, improving the stability of hydrogels and giving cells adequate time to divide and proliferate to compensate for muscle loss. Furthermore, the bloom number of gelatin was also proven to influence the mechanical properties of GelMA. Interestingly, although GelMA made of fish had the lowest mechanical strength and gel stability, it demonstrated excellent biological properties. Overall, the results emphasise the importance of gelatin source and bloom number, allowing GelMA hydrogels to have a wide range of mechanical and excellent biological properties and making them suitable for various muscle tissue regeneration applications.
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- 2023
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13. Physicochemical, Pre-Clinical, and Biological Evaluation of Viscosity Optimized Sodium Iodide-Incorporated Paste
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Soo-Jin Chang, Yu-Jin Kim, Huong Thu Vu, Ji-Myung Choi, Jeong-Hui Park, Seong-Jin Shin, Khandmaa Dashnyam, Jonathan C. Knowles, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Soo-Kyung Jun, Mi-Ran Han, Joon-Haeng Lee, Jong-Soo Kim, Ji-Sun Shin, Jong-Bin Kim, and Jung-Hwan Lee
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therapeutic dental paste ,sodium iodide ,iodoform ,root filling dental material ,viscosity ,Pharmaceutical Science - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of different viscosities of silicone oil on the physicochemical, pre-clinical usability, and biological properties of a sodium iodide paste. Six different paste groups were created by mixing therapeutic molecules, sodium iodide (D30) and iodoform (I30), with calcium hydroxide and one of the three different viscosities of silicone oil (high (H), medium (M), and low (L)). The study evaluated the performance of these groups, including I30H, I30M, I30L, D30H, D30M, and D30L, using multiple parameters such as flow, film thickness, pH, viscosity, and injectability, with statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Remarkably, the D30L group demonstrated superior outcomes compared to the conventional iodoform counterpart, including a significant reduction in osteoclast formation, as examined through TRAP, c-FOS, NFATc1, and Cathepsin K (p < 0.05). Additionally, mRNA sequencing showed that the I30L group exhibited increased expression of inflammatory genes with upregulated cytokines compared to the D30L group. These findings suggest that the optimized viscosity of the sodium iodide paste (D30L) may lead to clinically favorable outcomes, such as slower root resorption, when used in primary teeth. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the D30L group shows the most satisfactory outcomes, which may be a promising root-filling material that could replace conventional iodoform-based pastes.
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- 2023
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14. Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of Gyroid Scaffold with Isosorbide-Based Photopolymer for Bone Tissue Engineering
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Fiona Verisqa, Jae-Ryung Cha, Linh Nguyen, Hae-Won Kim, and Jonathan C. Knowles
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3D printing ,photopolymer ,digital light processing ,bone regeneration ,Bone Regeneration ,Tissue Engineering ,Osteogenesis ,Printing, Three-Dimensional ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Bone and Bones - Abstract
As one of the most transplanted tissues of the human body, bone has varying architectures, depending on its anatomical location. Therefore, bone defects ideally require bone substitutes with a similar structure and adequate strength comparable to native bones. Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing methods allow the fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds with high resolution and mechanical properties that exceed the result of commonly used extrusion-based printing. Digital light processing (DLP) is known for its faster and more accurate printing than other 3D printing approaches. However, the development of biocompatible resins for light-based 3D printing is not as rapid as that of bio-inks for extrusion-based printing. In this study, we developed CSMA-2, a photopolymer based on Isosorbide, a renewable sugar derivative monomer. The CSMA-2 showed suitable rheological properties for DLP printing. Gyroid scaffolds with high resolution were successfully printed. The 3D-printed scaffolds also had a compressive modulus within the range of a human cancellous bone modulus. Human adipose-derived stem cells remained viable for up to 21 days of incubation on the scaffolds. A calcium deposition from the cells was also found on the scaffolds. The stem cells expressed osteogenic markers such as RUNX2, OCN, and OPN. These results indicated that the scaffolds supported the osteogenic differentiation of the progenitor cells. In summary, CSMA-2 is a promising material for 3D printing techniques with high resolution that allow the fabrication of complex biomimetic scaffolds for bone regeneration.
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- 2022
15. Inclusion of calcium phosphate does not further improve in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis in a novel, highly biocompatible, mechanically stable and 3D printable polymer
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Nazanin Owji, Nandin Mandakhbayar, Jae-Ryung Cha, Andrew R. Padalhin, Zalike Keskin Erdogan, Alaa Aldaadaa, Taleen Shakouri, Prasad Sawadkar, Oliver Frost, Hae-Won Kim, Elena García-Gareta, and Jonathan C. Knowles
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Calcium Phosphates ,Ethane ,Multidisciplinary ,Tissue Engineering ,Tissue Scaffolds ,Osteogenesis ,Polymers ,Bone Substitutes ,Printing, Three-Dimensional ,Methacrylates ,Biocompatible Materials ,Furans - Abstract
At a time of unpredictable challenges for health, one trend is certain: there is an exceedingly high demand for functional implants, particularly bone grafts. This has encouraged the emergence of bone tissue engineering substitutes as an alternative method to conventional bone grafts. However, the current approaches in the field face several limitations that have prevented the ultimate translation into clinical settings. As a result, many attempts have been made to fabricate synthetic bone implants that can offer suitable biological and mechanical properties.Light curable methacrylate-based polymers have ideal properties for bone repair. These materials are also suitable for 3D printing which can be applicable for restoration of both function and aesthetics. The main objective of this research was to investigate the role of calcium phosphate (CaP) incorporation in a mechanically stable, biologically functional and 3D printable polymer for the reconstruction of complex craniofacial defects. The experimental work initially involved the synthesis of (((((((((((3R,3aR,6S,6aR)- hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diyl)bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1- 48 diyl))bis(oxy))bis(carbonyl))bis(azanediyl))bis(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane-5,1- 49 diyl))bis(azanediyl))bis(carbonyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) referred to as CSMA and fabrication of composite discs via a Digital Light Printing (DLP) method. The flow behaviour of the polymer as a function of CaP addition, surface remineralisation potential, in vitro cell culture, using MC3T3 and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADSCs) and ex ovo angiogenic response was assessed. Finally, in vivo studies were carried out to investigate neo-bone formation at 4- and 8-weeks post-implantation. Quantitative micro-CT and histological evaluation did not show a higher rate of bone formation in CaP filled CSMA composites compared to CSMA itself. Therefore, such polymeric systems hold promising features by allowing more flexibility in designing a 3D printed scaffold targeted at the reconstruction of maxillofacial defects.
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- 2022
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16. Premixed Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealer Reinforced with Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles to Improve Biological Properties
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Min-Kyung Jung, So-Chung Park, Yu-Jin Kim, Jong-Tae Park, Jonathan C. Knowles, Jeong-Hui Park, Khandmaa Dashnyam, Soo-Kyung Jun, Hae-Hyoung Lee, and Jung-Hwan Lee
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Pharmaceutical Science ,bioactive glass nanoparticle ,calcium silicate sealer ,physicochemical properties ,biological properties ,Enterococcus faecalis ,mesenchymal stem cells ,osteogenic differentiation - Abstract
Recently, bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGns) have been acknowledged for their ability to promote interactions with the periapical tissue and enhance tissue regeneration by releasing therapeutic ions. However, there have been no studies on calcium silicate sealers with bioactive glass nanoparticle (BGn) additives. In the present study, a premixed calcium silicate root canal sealer reinforced with BGn (pre-mixed-RCS@BGn) was developed and its physicochemical features and biological effects were analyzed. Three specimens were in the trial: 0%, 0.5%, and 1% bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGns) were gradually added to the premixed type of calcium silicate-based sealer (pre-mixed-RCS). To elucidate the surface properties, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used and flowability, setting time, solubility, and radiopacity were analyzed to evaluate the physical properties. Chemical properties were investigated by water contact angle, pH change, and ion release measurements. The antibacterial effects of the bioactive set sealers were tested with Enterococcus faecalis and the viability of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) with this biomaterial was examined. In addition, osteogenic differentiation was highly stimulated, which was confirmed by ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) activity and the ARS (Alizarin red S) staining of hMSCs. The pre-mixed-RCS@BGn satisfied the ISO standards for root canal sealers and maintained antimicrobial activity. Moreover, pre-mixed-RCS@BGn with more BGns turned out to have less cytotoxicity than pre-mixed-RCS without BGns while promoting osteogenic differentiation, mainly due to calcium and silicon ion release. Our results suggest that BGns enhance the biological properties of this calcium silicate-based sealer and that the newly introduced pre-mixed-RCS@BGn has the capability to be applied in dental procedures as a root canal sealer. Further studies focusing more on the biocompatibility of pre-mixed-RCS@BGn should be performed to investigate in vivo systems, including pulp tissue.
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- 2022
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17. IAAP Handbook of Applied Psychology
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Paul R. Martin, Fanny M. Cheung, Michael C. Knowles, Michael Kyrios, Lyn Littlefield, J. Bruce Overmier, José M. Prieto, Paul R. Martin, Fanny M. Cheung, Michael C. Knowles, Michael Kyrios, Lyn Littlefield, J. Bruce Overmier, José M. Prieto
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- 2011
18. Electroconductive and mechano-competent PUCL@CNT nanohybrid scaffolds guiding neuronal specification of neural stem/progenitor cells
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Yu-Meng Li, Kapil D. Patel, Yoon-Koo Han, Suk-Min Hong, Yu-Xuan Meng, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Jeong Hui Park, Jonathan C. Knowles, Jung Keun Hyun, Jung-Hwan Lee, and Hae-Won Kim
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General Chemical Engineering ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2023
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19. Detection of viral gene expression in risk‐stratified biopsies reveals no active HPV in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
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Cameron Chesnut, Roberto Spreafico, Giovanni A. Botten, Byron C. Knowles, Mohammad Karimzada, Teresa Soriano, Brandon J. Thomas, Serghei Mangul, Philip O. Scumpia, Nima M. Gharavi, Jeremy Rotman, Amy R. Vandiver, and Kevin Wesel
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Skin Neoplasms ,Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma ,Biopsy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gene Expression ,Dermatology ,Biology ,Risk Assessment ,Biochemistry ,Genome ,Article ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Transcription (biology) ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Humans ,DNA Probes, HPV ,Microbiome ,Papillomaviridae ,Molecular Biology ,Prophage ,Aged ,Papillomavirus Infections ,RNA ,Immunosuppression ,030104 developmental biology ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Cancer research ,Female - Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to promote the development of mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (mSCC), including pathologically high-grade lesions, but its role in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cuSCC) remains unclear, particularly in lesions that are considered high risk. Objective We aimed to determine whether enhanced HPV transcriptional activity can be detected in high-risk cuSCC samples compared with low-grade SCC samples or normal skin. Methods We performed RNA sequencing of cuSCC across 23 risk-stratified skin lesions. A subset of samples was tested for the presence of HPV DNA. High-quality, non-human reads from each sample group were used for viral analysis using Microbiome Coverage Profiler. Results None of the samples analysed had detectable expression of HPV RNA, while 64% of samples tested positive for HPV DNA. All samples were found to have expression of human endogenous retrovirus, and multiple samples showed expression of other viruses. Conclusions Viral and prophage gene expression can be monitored in cuSCC or normal skin biopsies, yet no sample in our study showed evidence of active HPV gene expression despite evidence of HPV genome presence. This suggests HPV transcription does not play a role in differentiating high-risk cuSCCs from low-risk cuSCCs or normal skin.
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- 2021
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20. P447 Early predictors of the need for surgery in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis: results of the prospective, observational, international ESCP MASC study
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M Frasson, T Pinkney, J P Gisbert, I Rodriguez-Lago, S Blackwell, K B Gecse, C J Buskens, C Knowles, O Zmora, M Brookes, G Fiorino, P Nos, G Gallo, F Pata, A Verjee, S Leone, and G Pellino
- Subjects
Gastroenterology ,General Medicine - Abstract
Background Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a potentially life-threatening condition, requiring immediate hospitalization. Delayed colectomy is associated with increased risk of post-operative complications. This study aimed to identify early predictors of failure to medical treatment and need for colectomy in patients with ASUC. Methods The Management of Acute Severe ulcerative Colitis (MASC) Audit was an international, prospective, observational, cohort study, in which data on consecutive patients hospitalised for ASUC at participating units over a minimum 6-month period in 2019-20 were collated. The need for surgery during the first 90 days after admission was the primary outcome of the study. Data on all consecutive patients admitted for ASUC at the participating units were prospectively entered in an online secure database. A multivariate regression logistic model was developed to identify early predictors of colectomy. The study was developed by a multidisciplinary panel of collaborators, including gastroenterologists, surgeons, and patients, and it was discussed at the 5th IBD National Study Group of the ECCO. The study was led by the European Society of Coloproctology (https://tinyurl.com/vfwmahva). Results Out of 706 patients included in the database, data from 699 patients from 123 centres located in 32 different countries were included in the analysed (Figure 1). Median age was 38 (IQR, 28-54) years; 265 (38%) patients had a previous admission for UC and 39 (6%) had undergone previous appendicectomy. At admission, 13% patients were on monotherapy with 5-ASA, 19% systemic steroids, and 19% biologic agents. Within 90 days after admission, 258 (37%) patients required surgery: 29.7% received second-line and 1.4% received third-line medical therapy. Overall mortality was 1%. Among those patients requiring surgery, postoperative morbidity was 36% (Table 1). Being a current smoker (OR 2.6, 95%CI 1.2-6.0), previous appendicectomy (OR 6.3, 95%CI 2.1-20.0), previous admission for UC (OR 2.6, 95%CI 1.5-4.4), admission to a surgical unit (OR 9.8, 95%CI 4.3-22.5), type of pre-admission therapy and C-reactive protein levels on day 3 after admission (OR 1.01 per mg/L, 95%CI 1.00-1.01, ROC curve in Figure 2) were independent predictors of failed medical treatment. Conclusion Mortality for ASUC did not exceed 1% in this series. Patients who smoked or had previous appendicectomy were at increased risk of medical failure. These factors seem to challenge the current knowledge on UC course, and the findings merit further investigation. C-reactive protein on day 3 after admission was identified as a potential marker to predict the subsequent need for surgery.
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- 2023
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21. IAAP's Divisions
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Michael C. Knowles
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Political science ,Engineering ethics ,Internal governance ,Course (navigation) - Published
- 2020
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22. Label-Free Fluorescent Mesoporous Bioglass for Drug Delivery, Optical Triple-Mode Imaging, and Photothermal/Photodynamic Synergistic Cancer Therapy
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Na-Hyun Lee, Rajendra K. Singh, Jung-Hwan Lee, Jonathan C. Knowles, Amal George Kurian, Nandin Mandakhbayar, Hae-Won Kim, and Kapil D. Patel
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Carbon dot ,Materials science ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,General Chemistry ,Photothermal therapy ,Fluorescence ,law.invention ,Nanomaterials ,Biomaterials ,law ,Bioactive glass ,Drug delivery ,Mesoporous material - Abstract
Nanomaterials combined with phototherapy and multimodal imaging are promising for cancer theranostics. Our aim is to develop fluorescent mesoporous bioglass nanoparticles (fBGn) based on carbon dots (CD) with delivery, triple-mode imaging, and photothermal (PTT) properties for cancer theranostics. A direct and label-free approach was used to prepare multicolor fluorescent fBGn with 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane as the surface-functionalizing agent. The calcination at 400 °C provided fBGn with high fluorescence intensity originating from the CD. In particular, a triple-mode emission [fluorescence imaging, two-photon (TP), and Raman imaging] was observed which depended on CD nature and surface properties such as surface oxidation edge state, amorphous region, nitrogen passivation of surface state, and crystalline region. The fBGn also exhibited phototherapeutic properties such as photodynamic (PDT) and PTT effects. The antitumor effect of the combined PDT/PTT therapy was significantly higher than that of individual (PDT or PTT) therapy. The fBGn, due to the mesoporous structure, the anticancer drug doxorubicin could be loaded and released in a pH-dependent way to show chemotherapy effects on cancer cells. The in vivo imaging and biocompatibility of fBGn were also demonstrated in a nude mouse model. The fBGn, with the combined capacity of anticancer delivery, triple-mode imaging, and PTT/PDT therapy, are considered to be potentially useful for cancer theranostics.
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- 2020
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23. Hyperelastic, shape‐memorable, and ultra‐cell‐adhesive degradable polycaprolactone‐polyurethane copolymer for tissue regeneration
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Suk‐Min Hong, Ji‐Young Yoon, Jae‐Ryung Cha, Junyong Ahn, Nandin Mandakhbayar, Jeong Hui Park, Junseop Im, Gangshi Jin, Moon‐Young Kim, Jonathan C. Knowles, Hae‐Hyoung Lee, Jung‐Hwan Lee, and Hae‐Won Kim
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Biomedical Engineering ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Novel polycaprolactone-based polyurethane (PCL-PU) copolymers with hyperelasticity, shape-memory, and ultra-cell-adhesion properties are reported as clinically applicable tissue-regenerative biomaterials. New isosorbide derivatives (propoxylated or ethoxylated ones) were developed to improve mechanical properties by enhanced reactivity in copolymer synthesis compared to the original isosorbide. Optimized PCL-PU with propoxylated isosorbide exhibited notable mechanical performance (50 MPa tensile strength and 1150% elongation with hyperelasticity under cyclic load). The shape-memory effect was also revealed in different forms (film, thread, and 3D scaffold) with 40%-80% recovery in tension or compression mode after plastic deformation. The ultra-cell-adhesive property was proven in various cell types which were reasoned to involve the heat shock protein-mediated integrin (α5 and αV) activation, as analyzed by RNA sequencing and inhibition tests. After the tissue regenerative potential (muscle and bone) was confirmed by the myogenic and osteogenic responses in vitro
- Published
- 2022
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24. Improvement of Biological Effects of Root-Filling Materials for Primary Teeth by Incorporating Sodium Iodide
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Ji-Myung Choi, Huong Thu Vu, Seong-Jin Shin, Jun-Yong Ahn, You-Jin Kim, Sol Song, Mi-Ran Han, Jun-Haeng Lee, Jong-Soo Kim, Jonathan C. Knowles, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Ji-Sun Shin, Jong-Bin Kim, and Jung-Hwan Lee
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Calcium Hydroxide ,Root Canal Filling Materials ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,primary teeth ,root-filling material ,sodium iodide ,iodoform ,root canal treatment ,root resorption ,Water ,Molecular Medicine ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Sodium Iodide ,Tooth, Deciduous ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Therapeutic iodoform (CHI3) is commonly used as a root-filling material for primary teeth; however, the side effects of iodoform-containing materials, including early root resorption, have been reported. To overcome this problem, a water-soluble iodide (NaI)-incorporated root-filling material was developed. Calcium hydroxide, silicone oil, and NaI were incorporated in different weight proportions (30:30:X), and the resulting material was denoted DX (D5~D30), indicating the NaI content. As a control, iodoform instead of NaI was incorporated at a ratio of 30:30:30, and the material was denoted I30. The physicochemical (flow, film thickness, radiopacity, viscosity, water absorption, solubility, and ion releases) and biological (cytotoxicity, TRAP, ARS, and analysis of osteoclastic markers) properties were determined. The amount of iodine, sodium, and calcium ion releases and the pH were higher in D30 than I30, and the highest level of unknown extracted molecules was detected in I30. In the cell viability test, all groups except 100% D30 showed no cytotoxicity. In the 50% nontoxic extract, D30 showed decreased osteoclast formation compared with I30. In summary, NaI-incorporated materials showed adequate physicochemical properties and low osteoclast formation compared to their iodoform-counterpart. Thus, NaI-incorporated materials may be used as a substitute for iodoform-counterparts in root-filling materials after further (pre)clinical investigation.
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- 2022
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25. Materials and extracellular matrix rigidity highlighted in tissue damages and diseases: Implication for biomaterials design and therapeutic targets
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Jae Hee Park, Seung Bin Jo, Jung-Hwan Lee, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Jonathan C. Knowles, and Hae-Won Kim
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Biomaterials ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Rigidity (or stiffness) of materials and extracellular matrix has proven to be one of the most significant extracellular physicochemical cues that can control diverse cell behaviors, such as contractility, motility, and spreading, and the resultant pathophysiological phenomena. Many 2D materials engineered with tunable rigidity have enabled researchers to elucidate the roles of matrix biophysical cues in diverse cellular events, including migration, lineage specification, and mechanical memory. Moreover, the recent findings accumulated under 3D environments with viscoelastic and remodeling properties pointed to the importance of dynamically changing rigidity in cell fate control, tissue repair, and disease progression. Thus, here we aim to highlight the works related with material/matrix-rigidity-mediated cell and tissue behaviors, with a brief outlook into the studies on the effects of material/matrix rigidity on cell behaviors in 2D systems, further discussion of the events and considerations in tissue-mimicking 3D conditions, and then examination of the
- Published
- 2022
26. Photocatalytic effect-assisted antimicrobial activities of acrylic resin incorporating zinc oxide nanoflakes
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Yu-Jin Kim, Young-Eun Choe, Seong-Jin Shin, Jeong-Hui Park, Khandmaa Dashnyam, Hye Sung Kim, Soo-Kyung Jun, Jonathan C. Knowles, Hae-Won Kim, Jung-Hwan Lee, and Hae-Hyoung Lee
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Anti-Infective Agents ,Candida albicans ,Acrylic Resins ,Polymethyl Methacrylate ,Zinc Oxide ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
To overcome the deficiency of the antimicrobial effect of polymer, zinc oxide nanoparticles have been widely utilized as advanced nanofillers due to their antimicrobial and photocatalytic activity. However, the underlying antimicrobial mechanism has not been fully understood apart from topological and physical characteristics. In this study, we prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles-based acrylic resin to explore its antimicrobial mechanism under controlled mechanophysical conditions by using silane-treated zinc oxide nanoflakes (S-ZnNFs). S-ZnNFs incorporated acrylic resin (poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA) composites up to 2 wt% were selected based on comparable mechanophysical properties (e.g., roughness, wettability, strength and hardness), possibly affecting antimicrobial properties beyond the zinc oxide nanoparticle effect, to bare PMMA. Antimicrobial adhesion results were still observed in 2 wt% S-ZnNFs incorporated PMMA using Candida albicans (C. albicans), one of the fungal infection species. In order to confirm the antimicrobial effects by photocatalysis, we pre-exposed the UV light on 2 wt% S-ZnNF composites before cell seeding, revealing synergetic antimicrobial effect via additional reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation to C. albicans over zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced one. RNA-seq analysis revealed distinguished cellular responses between zinc oxide nanoparticles and UV-mediated photocatalytic effect, but both linked to generation of intracellular ROS. Thus, the above data suggest that induction of high intracellular ROS of C. albicans was the main antimicrobial mechanism under controlled mechanophysical parameters and synergetic ROS accumulation can be induced by photocatalysis, recapitulating a promising use of a S-ZnNFs or possibly zinc oxide nanoparticles as intracellular-ROS-generating antimicrobial nanofillers in acrylic composite for biomedical applications.
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- 2022
27. Biodegradable and Sustainable Synthetic Antibodies—A Perspective
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Xiaohan Ma, Jonathan C. Knowles, and Alessandro Poma
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Pharmaceutical Science - Abstract
Molecular imprinting technology has been around for almost a century, and we have witnessed dramatic advancements in the overall design and production of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), particularly in terms of possible formats of the final products when it comes to truly resembling antibody substitutes, i.e., MIP nanoparticles (MIP NPs). Nonetheless, the overall technology appears to struggle to keep up with the current global sustainability efforts, as recently elucidated in the latest comprehensive reviews, which introduced the “GREENIFICATION” concept. In this review, we will try to elucidate if these advancements in MIP nanotechnology have indeed resulted in a sustainability amelioration. We will do so by discussing the general production and purification strategies for MIP NPs, specifically from a sustainability and biodegradation perspective, also considering the final intended application and ultimate waste management.
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- 2023
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28. On the Validation of Finite Element Models - an Industrial Perspective.
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N. C. Knowles
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- 1998
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29. A Spiking Neural Network Model of Rodent Head Direction Calibrated With Landmark Free Learning
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Thomas C. Knowles, Rachael Stentiford, and Martin Pearson
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Creative & Digital Technologies ,Neurology ,Artificial Intelligence ,Biomedical Engineering ,pyNEST ,head direction ,continuous attractor ,predictive coding ,Bristol Robotics Laboratory ,Robots ,localization ,spiking neural network - Abstract
Maintaining a stable estimate of head direction requires both self motion (ideothetic) information and environmental (allothetic) anchoring. In unfamiliar or dark environments ideothetic drive can maintain a rough estimate of heading but is subject to inaccuracy, visual information is required to stabilise the head direction estimate. When learning to associate visual scenes with head angle, animals do not have access to the ‘ground truth’ of their head direction, and must use egocentrically derived imprecise head direction estimates.We use both discriminative and generative methods of visual processing to learn these associations without extracting explicit landmarks from a natural visual scene, finding all are sufficiently capable at providing corrective signal. Further, we present a spiking continuous attractor model of head direction (SNN), which when driven by ideothetic input is subject to drift. We show that head direction predictions made by the chosen model-free visual learning algorithms can correct for drift, even when trained on a small training set of estimated head angles self-generated by the SNN. We validate this model against experimental work by reproducing cue rotation experiments which demonstrate visual control of the head direction signal.
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- 2022
30. Combined Effects of Nanoroughness and Ions Produced by Electrodeposition of Mesoporous Bioglass Nanoparticle for Bone Regeneration
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Jennifer O. Buitrago, S. Prakash Parthiban, Jonathan C. Knowles, Rajendra K. Singh, Jung-Hwan Lee, Hae-Won Kim, and Kapil D. Patel
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Materials science ,Biochemistry (medical) ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Biomedical Engineering ,food and beverages ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,General Chemistry ,Ion ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,Biomaterials ,Metal ,visual_art ,parasitic diseases ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Cell adhesion ,Bone regeneration ,Mesoporous material - Abstract
Providing appropriate biophysical and biochemical cues to the interface is a facile strategy to enhance the osteogenic ability of metallic implants. Here we exploited this through the incorporation of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGN) at a high content (1:1 by weight) to a biopolymer chitosan in the electrodeposition process of titanium. The MGBN/chitosan layer thickness, tunable by electrodeposition parameters, exhibited an accelerated ability of apatite mineral induction in a body simulating medium. Of note, the involvement of MBGN could generate nanoscale roughness in a unique range of 10-25 nm. Moreover, the layer showed a slowly releasing profile of ions (calcium and silicate) over weeks at therapeutically relevant doses. The ion-releasing nanotopological surface was demonstrated to alter the preosteoblasts responses in a way favorable for osteogenic differentiation. The combinatory cues of nanotopology (25 nm roughness) and ion release enabled highly accelerated cellular anchorage with somewhat limited spreading area at initial periods. The subsequent osteoblastic differentiation behaviors on the engineered surface, as examined up to 21 days, showed significantly enhanced alkaline phosphate activity and up-regulated expression of bone-associated genes (ALP, Col I, OPN, and OCN). These results indicate that the combinatory cues provided by nanotopology (25 nm roughness) and ions released from MBGN are highly effective in stimulating osteoblastic differentiation and suggest that the MBGN/chitosan may serve as a potential composition for bone implant coatings.
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- 2022
31. Correction to: Integrating Spiking Neural Networks and Deep Learning Algorithms on the Neurorobotics Platform
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Rachael Stentiford, Thomas C. Knowles, Benedikt Feldotto, Deniz Ergene, Fabrice O. Morin, and Martin J. Pearson
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- 2022
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32. An alginate-based encapsulation system for delivery of therapeutic cells to the CNS
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Despoina Eleftheriadou, Rachael E. Evans, Emily Atkinson, Ahmed Abdalla, Francesca K. H. Gavins, Ashleigh S. Boyd, Gareth R. Williams, Jonathan C. Knowles, Victoria H. Roberton, and James B. Phillips
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General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry - Abstract
Treatment options for neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease have included the delivery of cells which release dopamine or neurotrophic factors to the brain. Here, we report the development of a novel approach for protecting cells after implantation into the central nervous system (CNS), by developing dual-layer alginate beads that encapsulate therapeutic cells and release an immunomodulatory compound in a sustained manner. An optimal alginate formulation was selected with a view to providing a sustained physical barrier between engrafted cells and host tissue, enabling exchange of small molecules while blocking components of the host immune response. In addition, a potent immunosuppressant, FK506, was incorporated into the outer layer of alginate beads using electrosprayed poly-ε-caprolactone core-shell nanoparticles with prolonged release profiles. The stiffness, porosity, stability and ability of the alginate beads to support and protect encapsulated SH-SY5Y cells was demonstrated, and the release profile of FK506 and its effect on T-cell proliferation
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- 2021
33. PWE-64 Understanding factors that affect recruitment to an interventional trial of irritable bowel syndrome
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Cho Ee Ng, C Howell, E Markaryan, A Kemppinen, J Ling, J Newton, J McLaughlin, C Knowles, and Yan Yiannakou
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Affect (psychology) ,business ,medicine.disease ,Irritable bowel syndrome - Published
- 2021
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34. Addressing end‐of‐life care in the chronically ill: Conversations in the emergency department
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Heidi C. Knowles, Katarina Hughes, Samantha Achauer, Eileen F. Baker, Elizabeth P. Clayborne, Rebecca Goett, and Mohamad Moussa
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Palliative care ,Do Not Resuscitate Order ,improving palliative care in emergency medicine project ,shared decision‐making ,Medicine ,In patient ,physician orders for life‐sustaining treatment ,durable power of attorney ,General Environmental Science ,living will ,illness trajectories ,RC86-88.9 ,business.industry ,Motivational interview ,Behavior change ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,advance directives ,Emergency department ,The Practice of Emergency Medicine ,medicine.disease ,do not resuscitate orders ,brief negotiated interview ,Special Contribution ,end‐of‐life ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Treatment decision making ,Medical emergency ,business ,End-of-life care - Abstract
Patients present to the emergency department in various stages of chronic illness. Advance directives (ADs) aid emergency physicians in making treatment decisions, but only a minority of Americans have completed an AD, and the percentage of those who have discussed their end‐of‐life wishes may be even lower. This article addresses the use of common ADs and roadblocks to their use from the perspectives of families, patients, and physicians. Cases to examine new approaches to optimizing end‐of‐life conversations in patients who are chronically ill, such as the Improving Palliative Care in Emergency Medicine Project, a decision‐making framework that opens discussion for patients to gain understanding and determine preferences, and the Brief Negotiated Interview, a 7‐minute, scripted, motivational interview that determines willingness for behavior change and initiates care planning, are used.
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- 2021
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35. Investigating the mechanophysical and biological characteristics of therapeutic dental cement incorporating copper doped bioglass nanoparticles
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Young-Eun Choe, Yu-Jin Kim, Se-Jeong Jeon, Jun-Yong Ahn, Jeong-Hui Park, Khandmaa Dashnyam, Nandin Mandakhbayar, Jonathan C. Knowles, Hae-Won Kim, Soo-Kyung Jun, Jung-Hwan Lee, and Hae-Hyoung Lee
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Ceramics ,Zinc Phosphate Cement ,Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Testing ,Humans ,Nanoparticles ,General Materials Science ,General Dentistry ,Copper - Abstract
This study was investigated the mechanophysical properties of zinc phosphate cement (ZPC) with or without the copper doped bioglass nanoparticles (Cu-BGn) and their biological effect on dental pulp human cells and bacteria.Cu-BGn were synthesized and characterized firstly and then, the experimental (Cu-ZPC) and control (ZPC) samples were fabricated with similar sizes and/or dimensions (diameter: 4 mm and height: 6 mm) based on the International Organization of Standards (ISO). Specifically, various concentrations of Cu-BGn were tested, and Cu-BGn concentration was optimized at 2.5 wt% based on the film thickness and overall setting time. Next, we evaluated the mechanophysical properties such as compressive strength, elastic modulus, hardness, and surface roughness. Furthermore, the biological behaviors including cell viability and odontoblastic differentiation by using dental pulp human cells as well as antibacterial properties were investigated on the Cu-ZPC. All data were analyzed statistically using SPSS® Statistics 20 (IBM®, USA). p 0.05 (*) was considered significant, and 'NS' represents nonsignificant.Cu-BGn was obtained via a sol-gel method and added onto the ZPC for fabricating a Cu-ZPC composite and for comparison, the Cu-free-ZPC was used as a control. The film thickness (≤ 25 µm) and overall setting time (2.5-8 min) were investigated and the mechanophysical properties showed no significance ('NS') between Cu-ZPC and bare ZPC. However, cell viability and odontoblastic differentiation, alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity and alizarin red S (ARS) staining were highly stimulated in the extracts from the Cu-ZPC group compared to the ZPC group. Additionally, the antibacterial test showed that the Cu-ZPC extracts were more effective than the ZPC extracts (p 0.05).Cu-ZPC showed adequate mechanophysical properties (compressive strength, hardness, and surface roughness) and enhanced odontoblastic differentiation as well as antibacterial properties compared to the ZPC-only group. Based on the findings, the fabricated Cu-ZPC might have the potential for use in the field of dental medicine and clinical applications.
- Published
- 2021
36. Characterization of Calcium Phosphate Spherical Particles in the Subretinal Pigment Epithelium–Basal Lamina Space in Aged Human Eyes
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Imre Lengyel, Goldis Malek, Matthew G. Pilgrim, Sarah Fearn, Elod Kortvely, Lajos Csincsik, Jonathan C. Knowles, Salma Marouf, and Richard B. Thompson
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RPE, retinal pigment epithelium ,genetic structures ,Na, sodium ,BL, basal lamina ,engineering.material ,Drusen ,Bruch's membrane ,Retina ,H, hydrogen ,EDX, Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy ,Sub–retinal pigment epithelium ,medicine ,SEM, scanning electron microscopy ,AMD, age-related macular degeneration ,C, Calcium ,Sub-retinal pigment epithelium-basal lamina deposit ,Mg, Magnesium ,Retinal pigment epithelium ,business.industry ,Choroid ,Ectopic calcification ,P, phosphorus ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,Macular degeneration ,RE1-994 ,medicine.disease ,sub-RPE–BL space, sub-retinal pigment epithelium-basal lamina space ,eye diseases ,O, oxygen ,Ophthalmology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,BrM, Bruch’s membrane ,Whitlockite ,engineering ,Basal lamina ,sense organs ,N, Nitrogen ,business ,ToF-SIMs, time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry ,Sub-retinal pigment epithelium-basal lamina space ,Spherical particle - Abstract
Purpose: Micrometer-sized spherules formed of hydroxyapatite or whitlockite were identified within extracellular deposits that accumulate in the space between the basal lamina (BL) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the inner collagenous layer of Bruch’s membrane (sub-RPE–BL space). This investigation aimed to characterize the morphologic features, structure, and distribution of these spherules in aged human eyes with and without clinical indications of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)..Design: Experimental studyParticipants: Five human eyes with varying degrees of sub-RPE–BL deposits were obtained from the University College London Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfield’s Eye Hospital Tissue Repository or the Advancing Sight Network. Two eyes were reported as having clinical indications of AMD (age, 76–87 years), whereas 3 were considered healthy (age, 69–91 years).Methods: Cadaveric eyes with sub-RPE–BL deposits were embedded in paraffin wax and sectioned to a thickness of 4-10 μm. Spherules were identified and characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy.Main Outcome Measures: High-resolution scanning electron micrographs of spherules, the size-frequency distribution of spherules including average diameter, and the distribution of particles across the central-peripheral axis. Elemental maps and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectra also were obtainedResults: The precipitation of spherules is ubiquitous across the central, mid-peripheral, and far-peripheral axis in aged human eyes. No significant difference was found in the frequency of spherules along this axis. However, statistical analysis indicated that spherules exhibited significantly different sizes in these regions. In-depth analysis revealed that spherules in the sub-RPE–BL space of eyes with clinical signs of AMD were significantly larger (median diameter, 1.64 μm) than those in healthy aged eyes (median diameter, 1.16 μm). Finally, spherules showed great variation in surface topography and internal structure..Conclusions: The precipitation of spherules in the sub-RPE–BL space is ubiquitous across the central–peripheral axis in aged human eyes. However, a marked difference exists in the size and frequency of spherules in eyes with clinical signs of AMD compared to those without, suggesting that the size and frequency of spherules may be associated with AMD.
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- 2021
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37. Abstract 4: Risk assessment after myocardial infarction: the role of echocardiography
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A. Sengupta, A. Fitzpatrick, J. Sandoval, S. Hickman, H. Procter, J. Taylor, H. Kaur, C. Knowles, S. Wheatcroft, K. Witte, A. Kidambi, K. Gatenby, and D. Schlosshan
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Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Published
- 2020
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38. Viscoelastic and chemical properties of dentine after different exposure times to sodium hypochlorite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and calcium hydroxide
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Jonathan C. Knowles, Antony Berman, Liam P. Reddington, Yuan-Ling Ng, Kishor Gulabivala, and Showan N. Nazhat
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Calcium hydroxide ,Root Canal Irrigants ,Sodium Hypochlorite ,0206 medical engineering ,Fatigue testing ,Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ,030206 dentistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Dynamic mechanical analysis ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Viscoelasticity ,Calcium Hydroxide ,Ftir spectra ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,stomatognathic system ,chemistry ,Sodium hypochlorite ,Dentin ,General Dentistry ,Edetic Acid ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the viscoelastic and chemical properties of dentine after different durations of exposure to 5.25% NaOCl, 17% EDTA and Ca(OH)2 solutions, and NaOCl in alternating combination with EDTA. Standard dentine bars were randomly assigned to: (i) formal-saline control-1; (ii) NaOCl; (iii) EDTA; (iv) NaOCl/EDTA; (v) formal-saline control-2; (vi) Ca(OH)2 pH 12.6; and (vii) Ca(OH)2 pH 9.8. Groups 1--4 underwent 10 min cycles of soaking and dynamic mechanical analysis up to 120 min. Groups 5-7 underwent similar tests at days 7, 14, 28 and 84. FTIR spectra of dentine discs exposed to the same regimens assessed surface chemistry. NaOCl or Ca(OH)2 (pH 12.6) solutions reduced the organic (N-H[1], N-H[3], C=0) peak components of dentine. This study demonstrated that accumulative damage of dentine could be facilitated by alternated exposure to NaOCl and EDTA. Exposure of dentine to Ca(OH)2 (pH12.6) for 7 days reduced viscous behaviour, inferring increased potential for fatigue failure.
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- 2020
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39. Mesoporous Phosphate-Based Glasses Prepared via Sol–Gel
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Daniela Carta, Isaac Abrahams, Priyanka Gupta, Eirini Velliou, Benjamin A. Kyffin, Farzad Foroutan, Anna Corrias, and Jonathan C. Knowles
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Bone Regeneration ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Supramolecular chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Phosphate ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Body Fluids ,Phosphates ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Drug delivery ,Glass ,0210 nano-technology ,Mesoporous material ,Bone regeneration ,Porosity ,Sol-gel - Abstract
In the present study, a mesoporous phosphate-based glass (MPG) in the P2O5-CaO-Na2O system was synthesised, for the first time, using a combination of sol-gel chemistry and supramolecular templating. A comparison between the structural properties, bioactivity and biocompatibility of the MPG with a non-porous phosphate-based glass (PG) of analogous composition prepared via the same sol-gel synthesis method, but in the absence of a templating surfactant is also presented. Results indicate that the MPG has enhanced bioactivity and biocompatibility compared to the PG, despite having similar local structure and dissolution properties. In contrast to the PG, the MPG shows formation of hydroxyl carbonate apatite (HCA) on its surface after 24 hours of immersion in simulated body fluid. Moreover, MPG shows enhanced viability of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells after 7 days of culturing. This suggests that textural properties (porosity and surface area) play a crucial role in the kinetics of HCA formation and in interaction with cells. Increased efficiency of drug loading and release over non-porous PG systems was proved using the antimicrobial tetracycline hydrochloride as a drug model. This study represents a significant advance in the field of mesoporous materials for drug delivery and bone tissue regeneration as it reports, for the first time, the synthesis, structural characterisation and biocompatibility of mesoporous calcium phosphate glasses.In the present study, a mesoporous phosphate-based glass (MPG) in the P2O5-CaO-Na2O system was synthesised, for the first time, using a combination of sol-gel chemistry and supramolecular templating. A comparison between the structural properties, bioactivity and biocompatibility of the MPG with a non-porous phosphate-based glass (PG) of analogous composition prepared via the same sol-gel synthesis method, but in the absence of a templating surfactant is also presented. Results indicate that the MPG has enhanced bioactivity and biocompatibility compared to the PG, despite having similar local structure and dissolution properties. In contrast to the PG, the MPG shows formation of hydroxyl carbonate apatite (HCA) on its surface after 24 hours of immersion in simulated body fluid. Moreover, MPG shows enhanced viability of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells after 7 days of culturing. This suggests that textural properties (porosity and surface area) play a crucial role in the kinetics of HCA formation and in interaction with cells. Increased efficiency of drug loading and release over non-porous PG systems was proved using the antimicrobial tetracycline hydrochloride as a drug model. This study represents a significant advance in the field of mesoporous materials for drug delivery and bone tissue regeneration as it reports, for the first time, the synthesis, structural characterisation and biocompatibility of mesoporous calcium phosphate glasses.
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- 2020
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40. Enhanced efficacy in drug-resistant cancer cells through synergistic nanoparticle mediated delivery of cisplatin and decitabine
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RB Pedley, Maryam Parhizkar, Richard Browning, Jonathan C. Knowles, Eleanor Stride, Philip James Thomas Reardon, A. H. Harker, and Mohan Edirisinghe
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Drug ,Combination therapy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Decitabine ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Drug resistance ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Pharmacokinetics ,medicine ,General Materials Science ,media_common ,Cisplatin ,Chemistry ,General Engineering ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,0104 chemical sciences ,PLGA ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,0210 nano-technology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
There are several limitations with monodrug cancer therapy, including poor bioavailability, rapid clearance and drug resistance. Combination therapy addresses these by exploiting synergism between different drugs against cancer cells. In particular, the combination of epigenetic therapies with conventional chemotherapeutic agents can improve the initial tumour response and overcome acquired drug resistance. Co-encapsulation of multiple therapeutic agents into a single polymeric nanoparticle is one of the many approaches taken to enhance therapeutic effect and improve the pharmacokinetic profile. In this study, different types of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), matrix and core–shell (CS), were investigated for simultaneous encapsulation of a demethylating drug, decitabine, and a potent anticancer agent, cisplatin. It was shown that by altering the configuration of the CS structure, the release profile could be tuned. In order to investigate whether this could enhance the anticancer effect compared to cisplatin, human ovarian carcinoma cell line (A2780) and its cisplatin resistant variant (A2780cis) were exposed to free cisplatin and the CS–NPs. A better response was obtained in both cell lines (11% and 51% viability of A2780 and A2780cis, respectively) using CS–NPs than cisplatin alone (27%, 82% viability of A2780 and A2780cis, respectively) or in combination with decitabine (22%, 96% viability of A2780 and A2780cis, respectively) at equivalent doses (10 μM).
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- 2020
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41. The protein corona determines the cytotoxicity of nanodiamonds: implications of corona formation and its remodelling on nanodiamond applications in biomedical imaging and drug delivery
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Ridhwan Yusoff, Alexey Kondyurin, Gabriela Pinget, Iqbal Ramzan, Kee Woei Ng, Seiji Yamaguchi, Bowyn Su, Jonathan C. Knowles, Laurence Macia, Daniel A. Cheong, Wojciech Chrzanowski, Archana Gautam, Dipesh Khanal, George Georgiou, Qingyu Lei, and Jun-Hyeog Jang
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endocrine system ,biology ,Chemistry ,General Engineering ,Nanoparticle ,Bioengineering ,Protein Corona ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Fibronectin ,Drug delivery ,biology.protein ,Biophysics ,General Materials Science ,Surface charge ,Bovine serum albumin ,0210 nano-technology ,Nanodiamond ,Cytotoxicity - Abstract
The use of nanodiamonds for biomedical and consumer applications is growing rapidly. As their use becomes more widespread, so too do concerns around their cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity of nanodiamonds correlates with their cellular internalisation and circulation time in the body. Both internalisation and circulation time are influenced by the formation of a protein corona on the nanodiamond surface. However, a precise understanding of both how the corona forms and evolves and its influence on cytotoxicity is lacking. Here, we investigated protein corona formation and evolution in response to two classes of nanodiamonds, pristine and aminated, and two types of proteins, bovine serum albumin and fibronectin. Specifically, we found that a corona made of bovine serum albumin (BSA), which represents the most abundant protein in blood plasma, reduced nanodiamond agglomeration. Fibronectin (FN9-10), the second most abundant protein found in the plasma, exhibited a significantly higher nanodiamond binding affinity than BSA, irrespective of the nanodiamond surface charge. Finally, nanodiamonds with a BSA corona displayed less cytotoxicity towards nonphagocytic liver cells. However, regardless of the type of corona (FN9-10 or BSA), both classes of nanodiamonds induced substantial phagocytic cell death. Our results emphasise that a precise understanding of the corona composition is fundamental to determining the fate of nanoparticles in the body.
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- 2020
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42. Antibacterial Copper-Doped Calcium Phosphate Glasses for Bone Tissue Regeneration
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Eirini Velliou, Nicole L. Kelly, Athanasios Nikolaou, Jamie McGuire, Priyanka Gupta, Daniela Carta, Benjamin A. Kyffin, Farzad Foroutan, John V. Hanna, Jorge Gutierrez-Merino, Jonathan C. Knowles, and Song-Yi Baek
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Aqueous solution ,Chemistry ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Calcium ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Bone tissue ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Controlled release ,Copper ,Biomaterials ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,0210 nano-technology ,Antibacterial activity ,Thermal analysis ,Bone regeneration ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Calcium phosphate glasses are a promising new generation of biomaterials that can simultaneously induce tissue regeneration and controlled release of therapeutic molecules. In this work, novel calcium phosphate glasses containing 0, 2, 4, and 6 mol % Cu2+ were synthesized via room temperature precipitation reaction in aqueous solution. The effect of Cu2+ addition on the glass properties and structure was investigated using thermal analysis, 31P solid-state MAS NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. All glasses crystallize at temperature >500 °C and are mainly formed by Q1 groups. The release of P, Ca, and Cu in solution over time was monitored via inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. It was found that with increasing Cu content, the amount of P and Ca released decreases whereas the amount of Cu released increases. The effect of Cu2+ release on the antibacterial activity against S. aureus, a bacterial strain commonly found in postsurgery infections, has been investigated. The addition of copper has been shown to infer the glasses antibacterial properties. As expected, the antibacterial activity of the glasses increases with increasing Cu2+ content. Cytocompatibility was assessed by seeding human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells Saos-2 (HTB85) on the glass particles. A significant increase in cell number was observed in all the glasses investigated. The copper-doped calcium phosphate glasses have proven to be multifunctional, as they combine bone regenerative properties with antibacterial activity. Therefore, they have great potential as antibacterial bioresorbable materials for hard tissue regeneration.
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- 2019
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43. The effect of NaOCl and heat treatment on static and dynamic mechanical properties and chemical changes of dentine
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Anne M. Young, Showan N. Nazhat, Yuan-Ling Ng, GA Karunanayake, Jonathan C. Knowles, António H. S. Delgado, and Kishor Gulabivala
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Cuspid ,Hot Temperature ,Sodium Hypochlorite ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Carbonates ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Spectrum Analysis, Raman ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Animal science ,medicine ,Humans ,Tan delta ,Saline ,Viscosity ,Chemistry ,030206 dentistry ,Dynamic mechanical analysis ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Molar ,Elasticity ,Incisor ,Mechanics of Materials ,Dentin ,Stress, Mechanical ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Objectives To determine the effect of heat on flexural strength (FS), maximum strain (MS), storage modulus (SM), tan delta (TD) and chemical changes through micro-Raman spectroscopy of dentine exposed to 2.5% NaOCl or saline. Method ology: Dentine bars were randomly allocated to 8 test groups. Half (groups 2,4,6,8) were treated with NaOCl for 20 min; the rest (groups 1,3,5,7) remained in saline. FS/MS were measured in groups 1–4 (n = 15) (3/4 were also heated to 200 °C & re-hydrated in saline). Micro-Raman spectroscopy was performed on bars from groups 1–4. SM/TD were measured in 5–8: in 5/6 (n = 10), repeated after heating (200 °C), then following re-hydration; in 7/8 (n = 3) after heating to 25–185 °C. Results Increase in MS on heat and FS/MS on heat + NaOCl was not significant (P > 0.05). SM increased (P = 0.06) after heat treatment but reduced to initial state after rehydration (P = 0.03). TD did not change (P = 0.4) after heat (200 °C) treatment but rehydration increased it compared with pre-treatment state (P = 0.001). For dentine bars pre-treated with NaOCl, SM did not change (P = 0.6) after heat (200 °C) treatment or rehydration but TD significantly increased (P = 0.02) upon re-hydration compared with pre- (P=0.007), or post- (P = 0.03) heat-treatment states. SM and TD varied between 25–185 °C with no consistent trend amongst the NaOCl pre-treated bars. Micro-Raman only detected chemical changes following NaOCl treatment in the mineral phase. Conclusions Exposure of dentine bars to heat and NaOCl produced only moderate changes to quasi-static but marked changes to viscoelastic properties, which may be explained by chemical alterations.
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- 2019
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44. Unidirectional neuronal cell growth and differentiation on aligned polyhydroxyalkanoate blend microfibres with varying diameters
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Jonathan C. Knowles, Frederik Claeyssens, Caroline S. Taylor, John W. Haycock, Lorena R Lizarraga-Valderrama, and Ipsita Roy
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electrospun fibres ,Biocompatibility ,Neuronal Outgrowth ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,02 engineering and technology ,Polyhydroxyalkanoates ,Cell Line ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,Animals ,Humans ,nerve regeneration ,Research Articles ,Cell Proliferation ,030304 developmental biology ,Neurons ,0303 health sciences ,Tissue Engineering ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,Natural polymers ,Cell Differentiation ,Cell migration ,Biocompatible material ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Electrospinning ,peripheral nerves ,Biophysics ,Schwann Cells ,topographical guidance ,Research Article ,Lumen (unit) - Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of prokaryotic‐derived biodegradable and biocompatible natural polymers known to exhibit neuroregenerative properties. In this work, poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), and poly(3‐hydroxyoctanoate), P(3HO), have been combined to form blend fibres for directional guidance of neuronal cell growth and differentiation. A 25:75 P(3HO)/P(3HB) blend (PHA blend) was used for the manufacturing of electrospun fibres as resorbable scaffolds to be used as internal guidance lumen structures in nerve conduits. The biocompatibility of these fibres was studied using neuronal and Schwann cells. Highly aligned and uniform fibres with varying diameters were fabricated by controlling electrospinning parameters. The resulting fibre diameters were 2.4 ± 0.3, 3.7 ± 0.3, and 13.5 ± 2.3 μm for small, medium, and large diameter fibres, respectively. The cell response to these electrospun fibres was investigated with respect to growth and differentiation. Cell migration observed on the electrospun fibres showed topographical guidance in accordance with the direction of the fibres. The correlation between fibre diameter and neuronal growth under two conditions, individually and in coculture with Schwann cells, was evaluated. Results obtained from both assays revealed that all PHA blend fibre groups were able to support growth and guide aligned distribution of neuronal cells, and there was a direct correlation between the fibre diameter and neuronal growth and differentiation. This work has led to the development of a family of unique biodegradable and highly biocompatible 3D substrates capable of guiding and facilitating the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of neuronal cells as internal structures within nerve conduits.
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- 2019
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45. The unfolding of women’s economic empowerment outcomes: Time path of impacts in an Indonesia trial
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Mayra Buvinic, James C. Knowles, and Firman Witoelar
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Economics and Econometrics ,Sociology and Political Science ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Building and Construction ,Development - Published
- 2022
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46. Antibacterial effect of titanium dioxide-doped phosphate glass microspheres filled total-etch dental adhesive on S. mutans biofilm
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Sabeel P. Valappil, Ensanya A. Abou Neel, Ifty Ahmed, Jonathan C. Knowles, Tariq S. Abuhaimed, Kazi M. Zakir Hossain, and Dalia A. Abuelenain
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Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Bond strength ,General Chemical Engineering ,030206 dentistry ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Biomaterials ,Contact angle ,Glass microsphere ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Silanization ,Dentin ,medicine ,Adhesive ,Wetting ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Purpose to improve the antibacterial action of a two-step total-etch dental adhesive by using titanium dioxide-doped phosphate glass microspheres (GMs) without affecting its penetration ability. Materials and methods Five and 10 wt% of APTES silanized [surface treated with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)] and non-silanized GMs have been used as a filler to Adper™ Single Bond 2 Refill. The morphology, chemistry and ζ - potential of GMs have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and Zeta-sizer respectively. The chemistry and antibacterial action of filled adhesive have been investigated using FTIR and nitrocellulose filter membranes (NFM) S. mutans biofilm model respectively. The number of colony forming units (CFU) per NFM was considered. The contact angle and microtensile bond strength of adhesives to mid-coronal dentin, as a measure of its penetration ability, have been investigated using a Drop Shape Analyzer and microtensile testing machine respectively. Adper™ Single Bond 2 Refill was used as a control. Results The size of GMs varied from 60 to 200 μm. The silanization process was confirmed by reduction in ζ-potential [-7 (±2) mV] and the presence of amide (1500-1600 cm−1), C–N (1380 cm−1), Si–O–Si (1096 cm−1) and Si–O–C (780 cm−1) peaks. Incorporation of GMs had no adverse effect on monomer conversion. All tested adhesives including the control showed significantly higher antibacterial action (~5–7 log10 reduction in CFU) than the NFM control. All filled adhesives showed significantly higher antibacterial action (~1–2 log10 reduction in CFU) than the control adhesive. The non-silanized GMs filled adhesives showed the highest antibacterial action against S. mutans biofilm formation. The presence of silanized GMs did not affect the wetting but increased the microtensile bond strength of the adhesive to dentin. Conclusion Glass microsphere modified adhesives could be promising to reduce the possibility of recurrent caries around restorations.
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- 2021
47. Selenium Nanoparticles as Candidates for Antibacterial Substitutes and Supplements against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
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Jonathan C. Knowles, Hae-Won Kim, Sung-Hoon Lee, Tae-Su Jang, Hae-Hyoung Lee, Jung-Hwan Lee, Jin-Hwan Kwak, Hee-Won Han, Kapil D. Patel, and Soo-Kyung Jun
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Colony Count, Microbial ,multidrug-resistant bacteria ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Protein degradation ,Biochemistry ,Microbiology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Minimum inhibitory concentration ,Selenium ,Bacterial Proteins ,antibacterial activity ,synergistic effect ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,selenium nanoparticles ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Nanowires ,Linezolid ,Drug Synergism ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Antimicrobial ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,QR1-502 ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,chemistry ,Nanoparticles ,0210 nano-technology ,Antibacterial activity ,Bacteria ,Enterococcus - Abstract
In recent years, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have increased rapidly, representing a major threat to human health. This problem has created an urgent need to identify alternatives for the treatment of MDR bacteria. The aim of this study was to identify the antibacterial activity of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and selenium nanowires (SeNWs) against MDR bacteria and assess the potential synergistic effects when combined with a conventional antibiotic (linezolid). SeNPs and SeNWs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, and UV-visible analysis. The antibacterial effects of SeNPs and SeNWs were confirmed by the macro-dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. SeNPs showed MIC values against methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) at concentrations of 20, 80, 320, and >, 320 μg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, SeNWs showed a MIC value of >, 320 μg/mL against all tested bacteria. Therefore, MSSA, MRSA, and VRSA were selected for the bacteria to be tested, and SeNPs were selected as the antimicrobial agent for the following experiments. In the time-kill assay, SeNPs at a concentration of 4X MIC (80 and 320 μg/mL) showed bactericidal effects against MSSA and MRSA, respectively. At a concentration of 2X MIC (40 and 160 μg/mL), SeNPs showed bacteriostatic effects against MSSA and bactericidal effects against MRSA, respectively. In the synergy test, SeNPs showed a synergistic effect with linezolid (LZD) through protein degradation against MSSA and MRSA. In conclusion, these results suggest that SeNPs can be candidates for antibacterial substitutes and supplements against MDR bacteria for topical use, such as dressings. However, for use in clinical situations, additional experiments such as toxicity and synergistic mechanism tests of SeNPs are needed.
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- 2021
48. Biological Potential of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots in In Vitro Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells
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Yu-Meng Li, Jung-Hwan Lee, Jonathan C. Knowles, Jin Gwan Seo, Tae-Su Jang, Yunseong Ji, and Sung Ho Song
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Biocompatibility ,General Chemical Engineering ,medicine.medical_treatment ,02 engineering and technology ,Polyethylene glycol ,Cell fate determination ,polyethylene glycol functionalized-graphene quantum dots (PEG-GQDs) ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,biocompatibility ,medicine ,the visible bio labeling system ,General Materials Science ,Progenitor cell ,neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) ,QD1-999 ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Chemistry ,Stem-cell therapy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Transplantation ,Biophysics ,Surface modification ,cytotoxicity ,Stem cell ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Stem cell therapy is one of the novel and prospective fields. The ability of stem cells to differentiate into different lineages makes them attractive candidates for several therapies. It is essential to understand the cell fate, distribution, and function of transplanted cells in the local microenvironment before their applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an accurate and reliable labeling method of stem cells for imaging techniques to track their translocation after transplantation. The graphitic quantum dots (GQDs) are selected among various stem cell labeling and tracking strategies which have high photoluminescence ability, photostability, relatively low cytotoxicity, tunable surface functional groups, and delivering capacity. Since GQDs interact easily with the cell and interfere with cell behavior through surface functional groups, an appropriate surface modification needs to be considered to get close to the ideal labeling nanoprobes. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used to improve biocompatibility while simultaneously maintaining the photoluminescent potentials of GQDs. The biochemically inert PEG successfully covered the surface of GQDs. The PEG-GQDs composites show adequate bioimaging capabilities when internalized into neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). Furthermore, the bio-inertness of the PEG-GQDs is confirmed. Herein, we introduce the PEG-GQDs as a valuable tool for stem cell labeling and tracking for biomedical therapies in the field of neural regeneration.
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- 2021
49. Three dimensional porous scaffolds derived from collagen, elastin and fibrin proteins orchestrate adipose tissue regeneration
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Nandin Mandakhbayar, Tae Hyun Kim, Karin Vicente Greco, Jung-Hwan Lee, Ferdinand V. Lali, Prasad Sawadkar, Jonathan C. Knowles, Kapil D. Patel, Jennifer Olmas Buitrago, Hae-Won Kim, Rishbha Dua, Elena García-Gareta, Christos Kyriakidis, Benyamin Rahmani, Jeviya Mohanakrishnan, and Poojitha Rajasekar
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Materiales biomédicos ,3D porous scaffolds ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Adipose tissue ,Teixits ,Polímers naturals ,02 engineering and technology ,QD415-436 ,Biochemistry ,Fibrin ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tissue engineering ,In vivo ,Adipogènesi ,Regeneración de tejidos ,Cell adhesion ,Regeneració de teixits ,Col·lagen ,Polímeros naturales ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Adipogenesis ,biology ,Chemistry ,Regeneration (biology) ,Adipogénesis ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Cell biology ,Tissues ,Tejidos ,Enginyeria de teixits ,Materials biomèdics ,biology.protein ,Tissue regeneration ,Colágeno ,Original Article ,Ingeniería de tejidos ,Collagen ,Stem cell ,0210 nano-technology ,Elastin ,Biomedical materials ,Natural polymers ,biomaterials - Abstract
Current gold standard to treat soft tissue injuries caused by trauma and pathological condition are autografts and off the shelf fillers, but they have inherent weaknesses like donor site morbidity, immuno-compatibility and graft failure. To overcome these limitations, tissue-engineered polymers are seeded with stem cells to improve the potential to restore tissue function. However, their interaction with native tissue is poorly understood so far. To study these interactions and improve outcomes, we have fabricated scaffolds from natural polymers (collagen, fibrin and elastin) by custom-designed processes and their material properties such as surface morphology, swelling, wettability and chemical cross-linking ability were characterised. By using 3D scaffolds, we comprehensive assessed survival, proliferation and phenotype of adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. In vivo, scaffolds were seeded with adipose-derived stem cells and implanted in a rodent model, with X-ray microtomography, histology and immunohistochemistry as read-outs. Collagenbased materials showed higher cell adhesion and proliferation in vitro as well as higher adipogenic properties in vivo. In contrast, fibrin demonstrated poor cellular and adipogenesis properties but higher angiogenesis. Elastin formed the most porous scaffold, with cells displaying a non-aggregated morphology in vitro while in vivo elastin was the most degraded scaffold. These findings of how polymers present in the natural polymers mimicking ECM and seeded with stem cells affect adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo can open avenues to design 3D grafts for soft tissue repair. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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- 2021
50. Mussel Inspired Chemistry and Bacteria Derived Polymers for Oral Mucosal Adhesion and Drug Delivery
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Nazanin Owji, Nandin Mandakhbayar, David A. Gregory, Elena Marcello, Hae-won Kim, Ipsita Roy, and Jonathan C. Knowles
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Histology ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Paint adhesion testing ,Polyhydroxyalkanoates ,polydopamine chemistry ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Original Research ,surface functionalization ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,oral mucosa ,Chemistry ,polyhydroxyalkanoates ,Bioengineering and Biotechnology ,Adhesion ,Polymer ,biomimetic ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surface coating ,Chemical engineering ,Drug delivery ,drug delivery ,Surface modification ,0210 nano-technology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Ulceration of the oral mucosa is common, can arise at any age and as a consequence of the pain lessens enjoyment and quality of life. Current treatment options often involve the use of topical corticosteroids with poor drug delivery systems and inadequate contact time. In order to achieve local controlled delivery to the lesion with optimal adhesion, we utilized a simple polydopamine chemistry technique inspired by mussels to replicate their adhesive functionality. This was coupled with production of a group of naturally produced polymers, known as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as the delivery system. Initial work focused on the synthesis of PHA using Pseudomonas mendocina CH50; once synthesized and extracted from the bacteria, the PHAs were solvent processed into films. Polydopamine coating was subsequently achieved by immersing the solvent cast film in a polymerized dopamine solution. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed functionalization of the PHA films via the presence of amine groups. Further characterization of the samples was carried out via surface energy measurements and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs for surface topography. An adhesion test via reverse compression testing directly assessed adhesive properties and revealed an increase in polydopamine coated samples. To further identify the effect of surface coating, LIVE/DEAD imaging and Alamar Blue metabolic activity evaluated attachment and proliferation of fibroblasts on the biofilm surfaces, with higher cell growth in favor of the coated samples. Finally, in vivo biocompatibility was investigated in a rat model where the polydopamine coated PHA showed less inflammatory response over time compared to uncoated samples with sign of neovascularization. In conclusion, this simple mussel inspired polydopamine chemistry introduces a step change in bio-surface functionalization and holds great promise for the treatment of oral conditions., Graphical Abstract Illustration of PHA synthesis followed by a simple muscle inspired chemistry polydopamine coating.
- Published
- 2021
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