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Bidduth, Syed, and Samar were dishonorably deported from South Korea about fifteen years ago while they were protesting for the rights of undocumented migrant workers. Since returning to their home countries, Bangladesh and Nepal, they have been practicing modes of solidarity that they learned during the years of struggle. Still, We Are Migrant Workers is a documentary film made to record their personal history, will, and current political projects. This is an interview about the historical background of labor migration in Korea, the struggles of the characters in the film, and the alternatives they have been pursuing in the wake of their deportations.

There is an increasing histological clinical evidence that both hepatic fibrosis and some degree of cirrhosis reversal can improve prognosis. Hepatic fibrosis involves a variety of cells and steps, and its reversal mechanism is also very complex, mainly including the reduction of hepatocyte necrosis and regeneration, the apoptosis and inactivation of activated hepatic stellate cells, and the reversal of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells and microvessels, restorative hepatic macrophages polarization and cell-to-cell interactions. Furthermore, the biochemical basis for reversal of hepatic fibrosis is decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase activity, and increased degradation of extracellular matrix. However, at present, there are few studies on the clinicopathological mechanism of liver fibrosis reversal, and the key target groups of different etiologies with different degrees are still unclear, and the corresponding translational application research is lacking. Therefore, an in-depth and systematic understanding of the characteristics and mechanisms of hepatic fibrosis reversal can not only enrich the understanding of the natural history of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis, but also provide reference for the development and clinical application of anti-hepatic fibrotic drugs.越来越多的临床证据表明，肝纤维化与一定程度的肝硬化均可发生肝组织学的逆转与预后改善。肝纤维化涉及多种细胞与多个环节，其逆转机制也十分复杂，主要有肝细胞炎症坏死减轻与肝细胞再生、活化肝星状细胞的凋亡与失活、肝窦内皮细胞与微血管的改善、肝巨噬细胞恢复型极化等，且细胞之间相互影响。而基质金属蛋白酶抑制因子表达减少、基质金属蛋白酶活性增加、细胞外基质降解增多则是肝纤维化逆转的生化学基础。但是，目前肝纤维化逆转的临床病理机制研究较少，不同病因不同程度肝纤维化逆转的关键靶点群尚不清楚，缺乏相应的转化应用研究。深入系统地了解肝纤维化逆转的特点与机制，不仅可丰富对肝纤维化肝硬化自然史的认识，亦可为抗肝纤维化的治疗药物研发及其临床应用提供参考帮助。.

Viruses evade the innate immune response by suppressing the production or activity of cytokines such as type I interferons (IFNs). Here we report the discovery of a mechanism by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus coopts an intrinsic cellular machinery to suppress the production of the key immunostimulatory cytokine IFN-β. We reveal that the SARS-CoV-2 encoded nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2) directly interacts with the cellular GIGYF2 protein. This interaction enhances the binding of GIGYF2 to the mRNA cap-binding protein 4EHP, thereby repressing the translation of the Ifnb1 mRNA. Depletion of GIGYF2 or 4EHP significantly enhances IFN-β production, which inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication. Our findings reveal a target for rescuing the antiviral innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and other RNA viruses.

Mitigation of Edge localized mode(ELM) has been achieved with different external actuators such as lower hybrid wave (LHW), mixture supersonic molecular beam injection(SMBI), and laser blow-off(LBO) impurity seeding on HL-2A. During these experiments, the pedestal turbulence enhancement is commonly observed, which is found closely related to ELM mitigation. The turbulence enhancement is caused by the externally driven the velocity shear rate without change of the turbulence correlation length, but correlated to its radial wavenumber spectral shift. A common plausible mechanism for the ELM mitigation with different external source input seems to be involved. A modified theoretical model based on the turbulence radial wavenumber spectral shift is used and successfully interprets the experimental observations. The simulation suggests that a critical growth rate of the most unstable mode, also identified by the experimental results, survives in the competition of the velocity shear rate, enhancing the turbulence intensity. An example of the LHW case is used and good agreements have been found between the experimental results and simulation results.

A compressively stressed poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) film with a sputtered gold film can buckle owing to the difference between the Young’s modulus of the PDMS film and that of the gold film. Th...

Poststroke dysphagia (PSD) is one of the most significant problems after stroke. The prognosis of dysphagia is closely related to the outcomes of stroke. This meta-analysis aimed at identifying and evaluating critical predictors of prognosis for PSD.Electronic databases were searched for relevant case-control and cohort studies in which the prognostic factors of PSD were reported. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Review Manager 5.3 was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the included factors and to perform heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses. Stata 15.1 was used to evaluate publication bias.Eighteen of 3132 total studies were finally included in this meta-analysis. Ten predictors of PSD were identified, including 2 protective factors and 8 risk factors. Early intervention (OR=0.75, 95% CI=0.61-0.93) and an MRS (modified Rankin scale) score of 0 before onset (OR=0.58, 95% CI=0.47-0.71) were related to a better prognosis of PSD. The risk factors ranked by pooled OR values were aspiration (OR=7.64, 95% CI=5.94-9.82), brainstem injury (OR=4.82, 95% CI=3.01-7.72), severity of stroke (OR= 3.06, 95% CI=1.69-5.53), bihemispheric injury (OR=3.0, 95% CI=1.67-5.40), older age (OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.50-2.04), malnutrition (OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.22-1.53), severe dysphagia on admission (OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.03-1.29), and reduced level of consciousness (OR=1.03, 95% CI=1.00-1.07).Prognostic factors for a good outcome of PSD included early intervention and an MRS score of 0 before onset. Aspiration, brainstem injury, severe stroke and bihemispheric injury are the four most significant predictors of poor prognosis in PSD. Identifying these prognostic factors should help clinicians to better detect patients at risk and provide effective interventions for PSD.

该文报道1例63岁男性患者，因“反复胸闷、气促1月余”入院。心电图和超声心动图示心脏淀粉样变警示征，血游离轻链κ/λ 0.040。在心腔内超声引导下成功行心肌活检，心肌组织病理确诊为心脏淀粉样变、λ轻链型。.

Immunotherapy drugs have effects on the activity and efficacy of T cells in cancer therapy. However, the selection of personalized medicines in the clinic is difficult. Therefore, how to simplify the process is an important issue. This study presented a three-dimensional culture in a microfluidic device. Cancer cells were cultured in the center with GelMA (Gelatin methacryloyl) to mimic the tumor tissue, while microchannels were used to mimic immune cells in peripheral blood in this chip. The T-cell infiltration into the simulated tumor environment in the chip was observed by an imaging system. In addition, a reduction in the viability of cancer cells following T-cell infiltration was also observed. Moreover, the mortality rate of cancer cells increased after cancer cells were treated with atezolizumab or pembrolizumab. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the potential of our chip for cancer research and clinical drug efficacy.

A low-cost transportable software-based global positioning system reflectometry (GPS-R) scheme, which can measure sea-surface wave frequency, period, and speed, is proposed and described. We designed and implemented an appropriate software receiver to acquire and track GPS-R L1-band C/A code signals in near real time. At Lanyu, Taiwan, a research platform has been built with two software-based GPS-R receivers overlooking the seas in the east-northeast and southwest directions. Additionally, we propose applying the maximum entropy method for the spectral analyses of recorded time series of GPS-R signal acquisition data and derive the mean frequencies, periods, and speeds of random sea-surface waves. The derived sea-surface wave frequencies have been compared and validated against buoy measurements and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model data around Lanyu Island. The results show that the buoy wave heights and the modeled WRF wave heights have linear correlation coefficients of 0.64 and 0.47, respectively, with the GPS-R wave frequency measurements. The observed coastal sea area has a maximum horizontal distance of approximately 20 km from station Lanyu (22.037°N, 121.559°E). Thus, the corresponding mapping products of the sea-surface wave period and speed are presented with wave propagation footprints of the first Fresnel zone sizes.

Stray laser light is a serious problem that interrupts the measurement of electron temperature and density in Thomson scattering (TS) systems. This paper presents a ray-tracing simulation of stray laser light in HL-2M TS systems. A model including (i) a simplified laser-beam injection system, (ii) the scattered-light collection systems for central-point TS (CPTS) and edge TS (ETS), and (iii) the HL-2M vessel is built using the TracePro and CATIA software packages based on measurements of the bidirectional scattering distribution function at a wavelength of 532 nm. The simulation results show that no stray laser light reaches the injection surface of the collection lens of the CPTS system, and only a few stray laser rays of all the rays reaching the injection surface of the collection lens of the ETS system can be collected when the energy threshold per ray is 1 × 10−16. The stray laser rays that reach the scattered-light collection systems are mainly from the first and second parts of the slides of the beam dump, so decreasing the roughness of those parts could be effective in reducing the level of stray laser light.

： Objective To analyze the first epidemic spread of the novel coronavirus Delta variant in China based on public security forensic perspective, investigate its transmission characteristics, contributing factors, and epidemiologic research experience, and provide a reference for the prevention and control of the epidemic caused by the novel coronavirus variant. Methods Based on the information that public security forensic experts obtained from front-line epidemiologic research, the gender, age, place of residence, transmission route and infectivity of the coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） confirmed cases, asymptomatic infected persons and their close contacts in Guangzhou caused by the novel coronavirus Delta variant were analyzed. The basic reproduction number （基于公安法医视角的新型冠状病毒Delta变异株广州疫情特点及网格化人群管理.目的 基于公安法医视角，对新型冠状病毒Delta变异株在我国首次传播的疫情进行分析，探讨其流行传播特点、影响因素及流行病学调查经验，为新型冠状病毒变异株引发的疫情防控提供借鉴。 方法 基于公安法医参与流行病学调查一线工作获得的信息，对新型冠状病毒Delta变异株引发的广州市新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例、无症状感染者及其密切接触者的性别、年龄、居住地、传播途径、传染性等进行分析，并计算本次广州疫情期间的基本传播指数（basic reproduction number，法医学；流行病学；新型冠状病毒肺炎；病毒变异；Delta变异株；密切接触者；疾病预防控制；网格化管理.

A coincident event of daytime ionospheric Es layer scintillation observations is analyzed with the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) to study its layer structure. One of the coincident observations is made by a radio beacon passing through the Es layer at a slant angle received by the SCINDA (Scintillation Decision Aide) receivers located at southern Taiwan. The data indicates that the Es layer consists of scattering blocks of ∼ 650 to 970 m in size as revealed in the dominant components of the HHT analysis. The time shift in the two spaced receiving antennas implies that the daytime E region westward drift is about 36 m/s. On the other hand, the same Es layer is observed by the radio occultation (RO) experiment with the L1 signal from the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites to the FORMOSAT-3/Constellation-Observing-System-for-Meteorology (FS-3/COSMIC) satellites. The GPS L1 signal passes through the Es layer horizontally. The observed signal variations reveal a dense slab structure that blocks the L1 signal to cause a diffraction pattern. The slab thickness in the vertical direction is about 780 m. The HHT analyses of the coincident observations thus conclude that the observed daytime Es layer has a vertical dense slab structure and patches of scattering blocks in the horizontal structure.

As a non-invasive and remote sensor, a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) has found a broad spectrum of applications. It is a remote, non-line-of-sight sensor to detect threats more reliably and provide increased security protection, which is of utmost importance to military and law enforcement applications. However, the use of the LDV in situation surveillance, especially in vehicle classification, lacks systematic investigations as to its phenomenological and statistical properties. In this work, we aim to identify vehicles by their engine types within a very short period of time to yield a practical expert and intelligent system to classify vehicle engines remotely using laser sensors. Based on our preliminary success on the use of tone-pitch indexes (TPI) over these data, a new normalized tone-pitch indexing (nTPI) scheme is developed to capture engine periodic vibrations by various engine types with vibration data over a much shorter period (from 1.25 to 0.2 s), which makes it possible to monitor slowly moving vehicles around 15 miles per hour. We also exploit the learning power of neural computing, including artificial neural network (ANN), Deep Belief nets (DBN), Stacked Auto-Encoder (SAE), and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). To apply a CNN, a two-dimensional array is formulated by stacking nTPI data in an overlapping manner, which is termed as 2DonTPI. The classification results using the proposed nTPI and 2DonTPI over a standard LDV dataset are promising: with encoding duration significantly smaller than that required by the original TPI, consistently high performance is attained for all four neural computing methods. The new vibration data representation combined with neural computing approaches gives rise to a powerful expert and intelligent system for vehicle engine classification, which can find a great array of applications for civil, law enforcement, and military agencies for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance purposes that are of crucial importance to national and international security.

Taiwan located at the convergence margin of the Eurasian Plate (EP) and Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) is one of the most active orogenic belts around the world. Under vigorously tectonic activities, the northern Taiwan is composed of complicated geological features including rifting basins, fold-and-thrust systems, volcanoes, and hydrothermal activity. In this study, we apply the technique of Ambient Noise Tomography (ANT) to eight months of continuous waveforms from the Formosa Array and Broadband Array for Seismology in Taiwan (BATS), with 137 broadband stations and ~5km station spacing. We first calculate multi-components cross-correlation functions to extract the information of Rayleigh wave signals. We then invoke Eikonal tomography to calculate the phase velocity map through 3 to 10 second periods and estimate Rayleigh wave ellipticity at each station between 2 to 13 second periods. For each grid point, we jointly invert the two types of Rayleigh wave measurements through a Bayesian-based inversion method to obtain the local 1-D shear wave velocity model. All 1-D models are then combined to construct a comprehensive 3-D model. Our 3-D model reveals upper crustal structures that well correlate with surface geological features. Near the surface, the model delineates the low-velocity Taipei and Ilan basins from the adjacent fast-velocity mountainous areas, with basin geometries consistent with the results of previous geophysical exploration and geological studies. At greater depths, low velocity anomalies are observed associated with the Linkou tableland, Tatun volcano group, and a possible dyke intrusion beneath the southern Ilan basin. The model also provides new geometrical constraints on the major active fault systems in the area, which are important to understand the basin formation and orogeny dynamics. The new 3-D shear wave velocity model allows a comprehensive investigation of shallow geologic structures in northern Taiwan.

We describe an approach to the high-fidelity measurement of a superconducting qubit using an on-chip microwave photon counter. The protocol relies on the transient response of a dispersively coupled measurement resonator to map the state of the qubit to "bright" and "dark" cavity pointer states that are characterized by a large differential photon occupation. Following this mapping, we photodetect the resonator using the Josephson Photomultipler (JPM), which transitions between classically distinguishable flux states when cavity photon occupation exceeds a certain threshold. Our technique provides access to the binary outcome of projective quantum measurement at the millikelvin stage without the need for quantum-limited preamplification and thresholding at room temperature. We achieve raw single-shot measurement fidelity in excess of 98% across multiple samples using this approach in total measurement times under 500 ns. In addition, we show that the backaction and crosstalk associated with our measurement protocol can be mitigated by exploiting the intrinsic damping of the JPM itself., 15 pages, 13 Figures, 3 Tables

The basic theory and experimental results of amplitude scintillation from GPS/GNSS radio occultation (RO) observations on sporadic E (Es) layers are reported in this study. Considering an Es layer to be not a “thin” irregularity slab on limb viewing, we characterized the corresponding electron density fluctuations as a power-law function and applied the Ryton approximation to simulate spatial spectrum of amplitude fluctuations. The scintillation index S4 and normalized signal amplitude standard deviation S2 are calculated depending on the sampling spatial scale. The theoretical results show that both S4 and S2 values become saturated when the sampling spatial scale is less than the first Fresnel zone (FFZ), and S4 and S2 values could be underestimated and approximately proportional to the logarithm of sampled spatial wave numbers up to the FFZ wave number. This was verified by experimental analyses using the 50 Hz and de-sampled FormoSat-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (FS3/COSMIC) GPS RO data in the cases of weak, moderate, and strong scintillations. The results show that the measured S2 and S4 values have a very high correlation coefficient of >0.97 and a ratio of ~0.5 under both complete and undersampling conditions, and complete S4 and S2 values can be derived by dividing the measured undersampling S4 and S2 values by a factor of 0.8 when using 1-Hz RO data.

The central challenge in building a quantum computer is error correction. Unlike classical bits, which are susceptible to only one type of error, quantum bits (qubits) are susceptible to two types of error, corresponding to flips of the qubit state about the X and Z directions. Although the Heisenberg uncertainty principle precludes simultaneous monitoring of X- and Z-flips on a single qubit, it is possible to encode quantum information in large arrays of entangled qubits that enable accurate monitoring of all errors in the system, provided that the error rate is low

This contribution discusses the concept of logistics in the apparatus of global infrastructure, focusing on the China-led Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects that have directly or indirectly involved different parts of the world. What is the motor behind this project? Is the will of Chinese President Xi Jinping the sole pushing force behind this BRI projects? What does he want? Through the process of my research, I realized that one person’s power could not achieve the automatic apparatus that drives this gigantic engine. Instead, it requires the participation, or desire, from all sides and for different purposes. My questions then evolve into a different dimension. What is the imaginary of this global vision or total vision? What is “the infrastructure of the infrastructure” that undergirds this OBOR project? How is the global infrastructure invested, with what interest, and through what sectors? Why does China employ rhetoric such as Confucian virtues, harmony under the tianxia, Third World brotherhood, and so on to advocate the BRI? I want to address the above diverse questions through the concept of logistics. I shall bring in the idea of the Chinese game of Go and the disposition of Shi (勢). I argue that the Chinese concept of the disposition of Shi, the administration of the circumstances and situation, can help us better understand the BRI strategic economy in managing this new world order and its potential development.

In order to improve the heat transfer performance of an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler, different structural characteristics are numerically and experimentally studied. In numerical analyses, the presented pitted tube model and inner fin model, are compared under two typical working conditions, heat transfer efficiency solutions of inner fin model were 3~5% higher than that of pitted tube model. The inner fin model also gives smaller gas side pressure drop, which is only 17% of the pitted tube model. Then, the structural optimization of the inner fin model by analysing the various amplitude A was investigated. It is shown that increasing A results in increment of heat transfer efficiency and gas side pressure drop, the temperature requirement is satisfied and pressure drop is minimized when A=0.9 mm. The optimized numerical heat transfer efficiency solutions were 86.4% and 84%, and experimental results were 88.5% and 86.3% corresponding to working conditions, respectively. A good agreement was obtained. The optimized inner fin structure can be used efficiently to improve the heat transfer performance for an EGR cooler, the study method has been proven to be feasible by the simulations and experiments.

Objective More than 300 genetic variants have been robustly associated with measures of human adiposity. Highly penetrant mutations causing human obesity do so largely by disrupting satiety pathways in the brain and increasing food intake. Most of the common obesity-predisposing variants are in, or near, genes expressed highly in the brain, but little is known of their function. Exploring the biology of these genes at scale in mammalian systems is challenging. We sought to establish and validate the use of a multicomponent screen for feeding behaviour phenotypes, taking advantage of the tractable model organism Drosophila melanogaster. Methods We validated a screen for feeding behaviour in Drosophila by comparing results after disrupting the expression of centrally expressed genes that influence energy balance in flies to those of 10 control genes. We then used this screen to explore the effects of disrupted expression of genes either a) implicated in energy homeostasis through human genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or b) expressed and nutritionally responsive in specific populations of hypothalamic neurons with a known role in feeding/fasting. Results Using data from the validation study to classify responses, we studied 53 Drosophila orthologues of genes implicated by human GWAS in body mass index and found that 15 significantly influenced feeding behaviour or energy homeostasis in the Drosophila screen. We then studied 50 Drosophila homologues of 47 murine genes reciprocally nutritionally regulated in POMC and agouti-related peptide neurons. Seven of these 50 genes were found by our screen to influence feeding behaviour in flies. Conclusion We demonstrated the utility of Drosophila as a tractable model organism in a high-throughput genetic screen for food intake phenotypes. This simple, cost-efficient strategy is ideal for high-throughput interrogation of genes implicated in feeding behaviour and obesity in mammals and will facilitate the process of reaching a functional understanding of obesity pathogenesis., Highlights • High-throughput technologies have generated many candidate genes with a potential role in the control of food intake and body weight. • Gaining an understanding of appetite requires exploration in the context of a whole animal, but studies in humans and mice require a long duration and are expensive. • The fruit fly is evolutionarily distant but has conserved neuronal circuitry involved in the control of food intake. • Use of fruit flies is time and cost efficient; therefore, Drosophila represent a useful model system for screening candidate genes implicated in feeding behaviour and obesity in mammals.