59 results on '"C. Giaccherini"'
Search Results
2. P1696: HEMOSTATIC ACTIVATION MARKERS AND SEROLOGICAL RESPONSE IN SUBJECTS RECEIVING ANTI-COVID-19 VACCINATION
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F. Schieppati, S. Gamba, E. Galimberti, L. Russo, C. Giaccherini, S. Bolognini, C. J. Tartari, C. Ticozzi, A. M. Palladino, O. C. Cretu, L. Barcella, M. Marchetti, and A. Falanga
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Published
- 2022
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3. ATTIVITÀ NEUTRALIZZANTE IN VITRO DI UN ESTRATTO DI ACIDO CICORICO NEI CONFRONTI DI HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TIPO 1
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L. Chisu, R. Borgna, M. Innocenti, M. Saddi, C. Giaccherini, D. Cabitza, D. Maccioni, F.F. Vincieri, N. Mulinacci, and A. De Logu
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Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Published
- 2005
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4. PO-04: Thrombin generation and D-dimer significantly predict for early disease progression and mortality in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
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C. Giaccherini, M. Marchetti, C. Verzeroli, L. Russo, S. Gamba, C.J. Tartari, S. Bolognini, C. Ticozzi, F. Schieppati, A. Santoro, F. De Braud, G. Gasparini, F. Petrelli, F. Giuliani, A. D’Alessio, M. Minelli, R. Labianca, C. Morlotti, P. Malighetti, D. Spinelli, and A. Falanga more...
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Hematology - Published
- 2022
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5. OC-06: Identification of predictive hemostatic biomarkers for cancer diagnosis: results from the HYPERCAN study
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S. Gamba, M. Marchetti, L. Russo, C. Giaccherini, S. Bolognini, C.J. Tartari, C. Verzeroli, C. Ticozzi, A. Vignoli, F. Schieppati, G. Sampietro, P. Malighetti, D. Spinelli, and A. Falanga
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Hematology - Published
- 2022
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6. Genome-wide scan of long noncoding RNA single nucleotide polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer susceptibility
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Corradi, C. Gentiluomo, M. Gajdán, L. Cavestro, G.M. Kreivenaite, E. Di Franco, G. Sperti, C. Giaccherini, M. Petrone, M.C. Tavano, F. Gioffreda, D. Morelli, L. Soucek, P. Andriulli, A. Izbicki, J.R. Napoli, N. Małecka-Panas, E. Hegyi, P. Neoptolemos, J.P. Landi, S. Vashist, Y. Pasquali, C. Lu, Y. Cervena, K. Theodoropoulos, G.E. Moz, S. Capurso, G. Strobel, O. Carrara, S. Hackert, T. Hlavac, V. Archibugi, L. Oliverius, M. Vanella, G. Vodicka, P. Arcidiacono, P.G. Pezzilli, R. Milanetto, A.C. Lawlor, R.T. Ivanauskas, A. Szentesi, A. Kupcinskas, J. Testoni, S.G.G. Lovecek, M. Nentwich, M. Gazouli, M. Luchini, C. Zuppardo, R.A. Darvasi, E. Brenner, H. Gheorghe, C. Jamroziak, K. Canzian, F. Campa, D. more...
- Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is projected to become the second cancer-related cause of death by 2030. Identifying novel risk factors, including genetic risk loci, could be instrumental in risk stratification and implementation of prevention strategies. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in regulation of key biological processes, and the possible role of their genetic variability has been unexplored so far. Combining genome wide association studies and functional data, we investigated the genetic variability in all lncRNAs. We analyzed 9893 PDAC cases and 9969 controls and identified a genome-wide significant association between the rs7046076 SNP and risk of developing PDAC (P = 9.73 × 10−9). This SNP is located in the NONHSAG053086.2 (lnc-SMC2-1) gene and the risk allele is predicted to disrupt the binding of the lncRNA with the micro-RNA (miRNA) hsa-mir-1256 that regulates several genes involved in cell cycle, such as CDKN2B. The CDKN2B region is pleiotropic and its genetic variants have been associated with several human diseases, possibly though an imperfect interaction between lncRNA and miRNA. We present a novel PDAC risk locus, supported by a genome-wide statistical significance and a plausible biological mechanism. © 2021 UICC more...
- Published
- 2021
7. Storage method, drying processes and extraction procedures strongly affect the phenolic fraction of rosemary leaves: An HPLC/DAD/MS study
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C. Giaccherini, Marco Michelozzi, Marzia Innocenti, Nadia Mulinacci, V. Martini, and Maria Bellumori
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HPLC/DAD/MS ,Fraction (chemistry) ,Raw material ,Depsides ,Antioxidants ,Rosmarinus ,Carnosol ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Phenols ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Freezing ,Methods ,Carnosic acid ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Flavonoids ,Chromatography ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Chemistry ,Rosmarinic acid ,Extraction (chemistry) ,biology.organism_classification ,Plant Leaves ,Cinnamates ,Abietanes ,Rosemary ,Plant Preparations ,Chemical stability - Abstract
The Rosmarinus officinalis L. is widely known for its numerous applications in the food field but also for the increasing interest in its pharmaceutical properties. Two groups of compounds are mainly responsible for the biological activities of the plant: the volatile fraction and the phenolic constituents. The latter group is mainly constituted by rosmarinic acid, by a flavonoidic fraction and by some diterpenoid compounds structurally derived from the carnosic acid. The aim of our work was to optimize the extractive and analytical procedure for the determination of all the phenolic constituents. Moreover the chemical stability of the main phenols, depending on the storage condition, the different drying procedures and the extraction solvent, have been evaluated. This method allowed to detect up to 29 different constituents at the same time in a relatively short time. The described procedure has the advantage to being able to detect and quantify several classes of compounds, among them numerous minor flavonoids, thus contributing to improving knowledge of the plant. The findings from this study have demonstrated that storing the raw fresh material in the freezer is not appropriate for rosemary, mainly due to the rapid disappearing of the rosmarinic acid during the freezing/thawing process. Regarding the flavonoidic fraction, consistent decrements, were highlighted in the dried samples at room temperature if compared with the fresh leaf. Rosmarinic acid, appeared very sensitive also to mild drying processes. The total diterpenoidic content undergoes to little changes when the leaves are freeze dried or frozen and limited losses are observed working on dried leaves at room temperature. Nevertheless it can be taken in account that this fraction is very sensitive to the water presence during the extraction that favors the conversion of carnosic acid toward it oxidized form carnosol. From our findings, it appear evident that when evaluating the phenolic content in rosemary leaves, several factors, mainly the type of storage, the drying process and the extraction methods, should be carefully taken into account because they can induce partial losses of the antioxidant components. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. more...
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- 2011
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8. Effect of Cooking on the Anthocyanins, Phenolic Acids, Glycoalkaloids, and Resistant Starch Content in Two Pigmented Cultivars of Solanum tuberosum L
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Nadia Mulinacci, Giulia Canova, Francesca Ieri, Maria Cristina Casiraghi, C. Giaccherini, Luisa Andrenelli, Marco Saracchi, and Marzia Innocenti
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food.ingredient ,Food Handling ,Starch ,Polysaccharide ,Anthocyanins ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Alkaloids ,food ,Botany ,Hydroxybenzoates ,Food science ,Cultivar ,Resistant starch ,Potato starch ,Solanum tuberosum ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Pigments, Biological ,General Chemistry ,Phenolic acid ,Plant Tubers ,chemistry ,Anthocyanin ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
HPLC/DAD/MS analysis of the phenolic acids and anthocyanin content of three cultivars of Solanum tuberosum L. (Vitelotte Noire, Highland Burgundy Red, with pigmented flesh, and Kennebec with white pulp) was performed. The analyses were carried out both on fresh tubers and after cooking treatments (boiling and microwaves). Starch digestibility and the % of resistant starch were also determined on cooked tubers by in vitro methods. For the pigmented potatoes, the heating treatment did not cause any changes in the phenolic acids content, while anthocyanins showed only a small decrement (16-29%). The cv. Highland Burgundy Red showed anthocyanins and phenolic acid concentrations close to 1 g/kg and more than 1.1 g/kg, respectively. Vitellotte Noire showed the highest amounts of resistant starch. Potato starch digestibility and % of resistant starch, considered as a component of dietary fiber, were affected both by cultivar and by heating/cooling treatments. more...
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- 2008
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9. HPLC/DAD/ESI/MS detection of lignans from Spanish and Italian Olea europaea L. fruits
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Maria Jesus Oliveras López, C. Giaccherini, Francesca Ieri, Marzia Innocenti, Annalisa Romani, and Nadia Mulinacci
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Lignan ,biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Hplc dad esi ms ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Vegetable oil ,chemistry ,Pinoresinol ,Olea ,Oleaceae ,Botany ,Food science ,Cultivar ,Food Science - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to verify the distribution of lignans in pulp and stones of olive fruits. Analyses were carried out by HPLC/DAD/MS on four cultivars: Frantoio and Taggiasca from Italy, Arbequina and Picual from Spain. The main results can be summarized as follows: (a) lignans were demonstrated to be present in the stone; (b) acetoxypinoresinol, pinoresinol, previously detected in the respective extra virgin olive oils, and OH-pinoresinol were found in the samples; (c) the total lignan content ranged between 0.1 and 0.29 mg/g of dried stone weight. These values agree with the average lignan content reported in literature for the respective extra virgin olive oils. more...
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- 2008
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10. Study of the phenolic composition of spanish and italian monocultivar extra virgin olive oils: Distribution of lignans, secoiridoidic, simple phenols and flavonoids
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Annalisa Romani, C. Giaccherini, María-Jesús Oliveras-López, Francesca Ieri, Nadia Mulinacci, and Marzia Innocenti
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Tyrosol ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chromatography ,chemistry ,Flavonoid ,Composition (visual arts) ,Cultivar ,Phenols ,Food science ,Hplc dad esi ms ,Analytical Chemistry ,Olive oil - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the phenolic content in selected monocultivar extra virgin olive oils. Analyses were carried out by HPLC/DAD/MS on Picual, Picuda, Arbequina and Hojiblanca oils from Spain and Seggianese and Taggiasca oils from Italy. Oils from cultivar Picual showed similar characteristics to those of Seggianese oils, with total amounts of secoiridoids of 498.7 and 619.2mg/L, respectively. The phenolic composition of Arbequina oils is close to that of the Taggiasca variety with lignans among the main compounds. The determination of free and linked OH-Tyr, by way of an acid hydrolysis, represents a rapid and suitable method, especially when standards are not available, to determine antioxidant potentialities in terms of MPC, particularly for fresh extra virgin olive oils rich in secoiridoidic derivatives. more...
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- 2007
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11. Evaluation of lignans and free and linked hydroxy-tyrosol and tyrosol in extra virgin olive oil after hydrolysis processes
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Annalisa Romani, Nadia Mulinacci, Franco Francesco Vincieri, C. Giaccherini, Francesca Ieri, and Marzia Innocenti
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Lignan ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Chromatography ,Alkaline hydrolysis (body disposal) ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Tyrosol ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hydrolysis ,Vegetable oil ,chemistry ,Oleuropein ,Organic chemistry ,Acid hydrolysis ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
We describe chemical hydrolytic procedures to evaluate the total amount of tyrosol and hydroxy-tyrosol free and/or linked to secoiridoidic molecules (acid hydrolysis). At the same time a rapid determination of the lignans in complex minor polar compound (MPC) extracts is proposed (alkaline hydrolysis). High-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detection (HPLC/DAD) and HPLC/MS were applied as reference methods to evaluate the quantitative results from the hydrolysis experiments. The optimized acid hydrolysis procedures were first applied to an oleuropein standard and then to MPC fractions extracted from several commercial extra virgin olive oils. The results confirm the applicability of the method, consisting in the acid hydrolysis of complex mixtures of secoiridoidic derivatives, to determine the antioxidant potential in terms of MPC. These data can contribute to forecasting the potential ageing resistance of an extra virgin olive oil in terms of antioxidant potency. Finally, alkaline hydrolysis allows confirmation and easy determination of the amount of lignans, especially in those MPC fractions which are particularly complex. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry more...
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- 2006
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12. Solid Olive Residues: Insight into Their Phenolic Composition
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Nadia Mulinacci, Marzia Innocenti, Saracini Erica, Franco Francesco Vincieri, C. Giaccherini, Giancarlo la Marca, Enrico Mercalli, and Annalisa Romani
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Chromatography ,Antioxidant ,Chemistry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,food and beverages ,Ripening ,General Chemistry ,Antimicrobial ,Mass Spectrometry ,Solvent ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Verbascoside ,Glucosides ,Phenols ,Fruit ,Olea ,medicine ,Phenol ,Food science ,Cultivar ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
Solid olive residues (SOR) are byproducts of the olive-milling process, but they have an increasing importance in the pharmaceutical industry due to their rich content of biophenols. Such compounds are studied widely for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, but there is a lack of information about their quantitative recovery. This research highlighted the key role played both by the selection of the cultivar and by the degree of olive fruit ripening on the phenolic content on the SOR. The extraction methods were selected to reach the best quantitative results mainly using a safe food solvent. In light of the results the Soxhlet extraction with ethanol could be proposed as preferential for a higher recovery of verbascoside and its analogues. more...
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- 2005
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13. Evaluation of the Phenolic Content in the Aerial Parts of Different Varieties of Cichorium intybus L
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Francesca Ieri, Franco Francesco Vincieri, Marzia Innocenti, Sandra Gallori, C. Giaccherini, and Nadia Mulinacci
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Flavonoids ,biology ,Cyanidin ,Decoction ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Mass Spectrometry ,Chicory ,Plant Leaves ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Horticulture ,Phenols ,Species Specificity ,chemistry ,Chlorogenic acid ,Glucoside ,Cichorium ,Botany ,Tartaric acid ,Delphinidin ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Quercetin ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
Fresh aerial parts of different chicory varieties: green chicory (c.v. "Catalogna"), two red chicory varieties ("radicchio rosso di Chioggia" and "radicchio rosso di Treviso"), and Witloof or Belgian endive were analyzed by HPLC/DAD/MS. The chromatographic fingerprint was diagnostic for each variety. A monocaffeoyl tartaric acid, chlorogenic acid, and chicoric acid were detected in all the varieties, while cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, delphinidin 3-O-(6'' malonyl) glucoside, and cyanidin 3-O-(6'' malonyl) glucoside were the main phenolic compounds in the red varieties. The flavonoidic compounds, quercetin 3-O-glucuronide and luteolin 7-O-glucuronide, were absent in the Witloof sample. The phenolic compounds from total leaves were the same as those obtained from only the colored parts; nevertheless, the total amount was remarkably lower with a decrease of up to 80% for Belgian endive. Chemical stability at high temperature was observed for the phenolic fraction from the green variety after decoction at 100 degrees C for 30 min. more...
- Published
- 2005
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14. The effect of growth regulators and sucrose on anthocyanin production in Camptotheca acuminata cell cultures
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Barbara Monacelli, S Rinaldi, Gabriella Pasqua, Franco Francesco Vinceri, Marzia Innocenti, Nadia Mulinacci, and C. Giaccherini
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Sucrose ,Physiology ,Camptotheca ,Plant Science ,Biology ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Plant Growth Regulators ,Glucoside ,growth regulators ,Genetics ,Food science ,Cells, Cultured ,cell culture ,hplc/dad/ms ,cell cultures ,camptotheca acuminata ,anthocyanins ,sucrose ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,fungi ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Cell culture ,Sweetening Agents ,Anthocyanin ,Kinetin ,Nyssaceae - Abstract
The effect of different concentrations of growth regulators and sucrose on anthocyanin production in cell suspension cultures of Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne (Nyssaceae) was described for the first time and qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Anthocyanin production was significantly greater in the presence of kinetin, compared to benzyladenine, with the greatest concentration observed in the presence of 2 microM kinetin. No significant differences in anthocyanin production were observed when comparing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid, except when using 2 microM, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, which resulted in greater anthocyanin production. High sucrose concentration enhanced the production of anthocyanins. Based on the absence of anthocyanin production in the dark, we concluded that light was essential for stimulating anthocyanin production. The optimised medium consisted of: 2 microM kinetin, 2 microM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 292 mM sucrose. HPLC/DAD and HPLC/MS analyses revealed that the main anthocyanin was Cy 3-O-galactoside and that the minor derivative was Cy 3-O-glucoside. more...
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- 2005
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15. Analysis of extra virgin olive oils from stoned olives
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Franco Francesco Vincieri, Annalisa Romani, Federico Marotta, Nadia Mulinacci, Marzia Innocenti, C. Giaccherini, and Alissa Mattei
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Antioxidant capacity ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Chromatography ,chemistry ,Uv absorption ,Hydroxytyrosol ,Composition (visual arts) ,Food science ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science ,Biotechnology ,Olive oil - Abstract
This paper focuses on comparing the main chemical characteristics of 16 fresh commercial samples of extra virgin olive oil obtained from four harvest years (1999–2002) and derived from both stoned and whole fruits. The qualitative and quantitative contents of minor polar compounds (MPCs) together with other reference analytical parameters (acidity, peroxides, UV absorption values and Rancimat test) were evaluated. An investigation of the MPCs and oil composition obtained from only stoned olives was also carried out. The acidity values of the oils from stoned fruits were always similar to or lower than those of the corresponding oils from whole fruits. For almost all the samples from stoned olives a better resistance to oxidation was revealed in comparison with the corresponding traditional oils. Five pairs obtained from the 2000 and 2001 harvests showed higher concentrations of both MPCs and hydroxytyrosol derivatives in the oils from stoned fruits, in agreement with their higher Rancimat values. Overall, our findings with regard to acidity values, % hydrolysis, the Rancimat test and the qualitative and quantitative distribution of MPCs suggest a higher antioxidant capacity of the oils from stoned olives. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry more...
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- 2005
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16. Commercial and laboratory extracts from artichoke leaves: estimation of caffeoyl esters and flavonoidic compounds content
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C. Giaccherini, D. Prucher, Nadia Mulinacci, M Peruzzi, Annalisa Romani, Franco Francesco Vincieri, and Patrizia Pinelli
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Clinical Biochemistry ,Herbal extracts ,Flavonoid ,Pharmaceutical Science ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Analytical Chemistry ,law.invention ,Matrix (chemical analysis) ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Caffeic Acids ,law ,Cynara scolymus ,Drug Discovery ,Caffeic acid ,Artichoke leaf extract ,Caffeic acids ,Flavonoids ,HPLC/DAD and HPLC/MS ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Spectroscopy ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Chromatography ,Traditional medicine ,Plant Extracts ,food and beverages ,Esters ,Plant Leaves ,chemistry ,Pharmacopoeia ,Hplc dad - Abstract
Artichoke leaf extracts are widely used alone or in association with other herbs for embittering alcoholic and soft drinks and to prepare herbal teas or herbal medicinal products. Despite this wide diffusion, the European Pharmacopoeia does not report an official method for the determination of the active principles of artichoke leaf extracts. This work reports a quali-quantitative determination by HPLC/DAD and HPLC/MS techniques of both cynnamic acids and flavonoids present in some artichoke leaf commercial extracts (Com) compared with two different laboratory extracts (Lab). Most of the commercial extracts showed a similar quali-quantitative pattern with a single exception having five-six times higher value. The quantitative data from the Italian Pharmacopoeia(IP) official method does not evaluate the flavonoidic fraction and showed an overestimation of the caffeoyl esters with respect to the HPLC/DAD results. The proposed HPLC/DAD method was able to completely characterize and quantify this matrix and represents a contribution to better quality control of these herbal extracts. more...
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- 2004
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17. Anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols from grapes and wines of Vitis vinifera cv. Cesanese d'Affile
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G. Ciolfi, Gabriella Pasqua, Marzia Innocenti, Nadia Mulinacci, C. Giaccherini, Alessio Valletta, and Anna Rita Santamaria
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Middle stage ,Flavonols ,Plant Science ,cesanese d'affile ,Biochemistry ,Mass Spectrometry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Veraison ,Anthocyanins ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Flavan ,Botany ,Vitis ,Phenols ,Vitis vinifera ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,flavan-3-ols ,Organic Chemistry ,Catechin ,Ripening ,grape ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Anthocyanin ,Seeds ,anthocyanins - Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the amount of some potential health-promoting phenols in the grape of Vitis vinifera cv. Cesanese d'Affile and in wines made from these grapes. The analyses were performed using HPLC/DAD/MS. The accumulation of anthocyanins in the skin and flavan-3-ols in the seed was determined at different stages of ripening of the grape (i.e. green, veraison, middle stage of ripening, and complete ripening). Thirteen anthocyanins were identified in the skin at all stages of ripening, except the green stage. With regard to flavan-3-ols, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and (-)-epicatechin gallate were detected in all of the seed samples. The highest (+)-catechin content was found in the seeds of the green grape (2 mg g(-1) DW), whereas in the seeds from the completely ripe grape the content was more than ten times lower. The highest catechin content in the seed was correlated with the lowest anthocyanin content in the skin. The wines produced in the years 2004 and 2005 showed, at wavelengths of 520 and 280 nm, almost identical quali-quantitative chromatographic profiles, with high concentrations of anthocyanin 3-O-glucosides, low concentrations of acylated anthocyanins, and trace amounts of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin. more...
- Published
- 2008
18. Flavonoids and biflavonoids in Tuscan berries of Juniperus communis L.: detection and quantitation by HPLC/DAD/ESI/MS
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C. Giaccherini, Marzia Innocenti, Francesca Ieri, Nadia Mulinacci, Franco Francesco Vincieri, and Marco Michelozzi
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Flavonoids ,Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Chromatography ,Biflavonoids ,biology ,Flavonoid ,Glycoside ,General Chemistry ,Berry ,Amentoflavone ,biology.organism_classification ,Isoscutellarein ,tuscan berries ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Italy ,Fruit ,Juniperus ,Juniperus communis ,Hypolaetin ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
The aim of the present work was to develop a quali-quantitative investigation, using HPLC/DAD and HPLC/ESI/MS techniques, of the phenolic composition of berries collected from wild Tuscan plants of Juniperus communis L. and grown in three different geographical zones. The applied chromatographic elution method made it possible to well separate up to 16 different compounds belonging to flavonoids, such as isoscutellarein and 8-hydroxyluteolin or hypolaetin glycosides, and six biflavonoids, among them amentoflavone, hynokiflavone, cupressoflavone, and methyl-biflavones. To the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first report on the presence of these compounds in juniper berries. The flavonoidic content in the analyzed berries ranged between 1.46 and 3.79 mg/g of fresh pulp, whereas the amount of the biflavonoids was always lower, varying between 0.14 and 1.38 mg/g of fresh weight. more...
- Published
- 2007
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19. Anthocyanins and xanthones in the calli and regenerated shoots of Hypericum perforatum var. angustifolium (sin. Fröhlich) Borkh
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C. Giaccherini, Gabriella Pasqua, Franco Francesco Vincieri, Franco Ferrari, Alessio Valletta, Nadia Mulinacci, Anna Rita Santamaria, and Rosy Caniato
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Physiology ,Xanthones ,Hypericum perforatum ,Organogenesis ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Anthocyanins ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,organogenesis ,hypericins ,cell cultures ,st. john's wort ,xanthones ,anthocyanins ,Anthocyanin ,Botany ,Shoot ,Genetics ,Regeneration ,Hypericum ,Plant Shoots - Abstract
The present paper reports on the production of anthocyanins and xanthones in different in vitro systems of Hypericum perforatum var. angustifolium (sin. Frohlich) Borkh. Undifferentiated calli and regenerated shoots at different developmental stages were analyzed by applying an extractive and an analytical procedure capable of detecting and quantifying anthocyanins. The findings revealed, for the first time, the co-presence of hypericins and anthocyanins in shoots at initial and more developed stages of H. perforatum var. angustifolium L. Moreover, a high production of xanthones was found in the undifferentiated calli. more...
- Published
- 2007
20. Electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometric investigation of phenylpropanoids and secoiridoids from solid olive residue
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Sabrina Malvagia, Marzia Innocenti, C. Giaccherini, Nadia Mulinacci, Giancarlo la Marca, and Franco Francesco Vincieri
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Residue (complex analysis) ,Electrospray ,Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Chromatography ,biology ,Tandem ,Molecular Structure ,Organic Chemistry ,Tandem mass spectrometry ,biology.organism_classification ,Mass spectrometric ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Verbascoside ,chemistry ,Glucosides ,Italy ,Phenols ,Olea ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,Iridoids ,Spectroscopy ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
This work is focused on the recovery and structural characterisation of bioactive compounds from SOR (solid olive residue), a low cost and widely available by-product in the Mediterranean basin. In the light of the interesting biological activities attributed both to secoiridoid and phenylpropanoids, the aim of this work was to carry out a systematic tandem mass spectrometric study for the identification and characterisation of these two class of compounds extracted from SOR derived from Coratina, a cultivar widely diffused in the south of Italy. Five phenylpropanoids, in addition to verbascoside, and two new secoiridoids were identified. more...
- Published
- 2006
21. ATTIVITÀ NEUTRALIZZANTE IN VITRO DI UN ESTRATTO DI ACIDO CICORICO NEI CONFRONTI DI HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TIPO 1
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R Borgna, M Saddi, C. Giaccherini, M. Innocenti, L Chisu, N. Mulinacci, A. De Logu, D. Cabitza, F. F. Vincieri, and D. Maccioni
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lcsh:QR1-502 ,General Medicine ,lcsh:Microbiology - Published
- 2005
22. Identification of Anthocyanins in Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc
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F. F. Vincieri, Nadia Mulinacci, Anna Rita Bilia, Sandra Gallori, and C. Giaccherini
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Peonidin ,Bract ,Chromatography ,biology ,Organic Chemistry ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Amorphophallus titanum ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,Arum ,Araceae ,Pelargonidin ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Anthocyanin ,Botany ,Anthocyanidin - Abstract
The anthocyanic composition of Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. ex Arcang. (Syn. Titan Arum), a plant growing only in the equatorial tropical rainforests of Sumatra, has been investigated for the first time. Spathe, spadix and female flowers were analysed and cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside (which represent about 97% of the total anthocyanin content) were identified by HPLC and HPLC–MS analysis. Traces of peonidin and pelargonidin p-coumaroyl glucosides were also detected. more...
- Published
- 2004
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23. Polyphenolic content in olive oil waste waters and related olive samples
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Nadia Mulinacci, Franco Francesco Vincieri, C. Giaccherini, Carlotta Galardi, Annalisa Romani, and Patrizia Pinelli
- Subjects
Pollutant ,Flavonoids ,biology ,Polymers ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Industrial Waste ,Polyphenols ,Water ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,Mediterranean Basin ,Industrial waste ,Antioxidants ,Wastewater ,Phenols ,Polyphenol ,Oleaceae ,HPLC-DAD ,Environmental science ,Plant Oils ,Valorisation ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Olive Oil ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Abstract
The production of olive oil yields a considerable amount of waste water, which is a powerful pollutant and is currently discarded. Polyphenols and other natural antioxidants, extracted from olives during oil extraction process, partially end up in the waste waters. Experimental and commercial olive oil waste waters from four Mediterranean countries were analyzed for a possible recovering of these biologically interesting constituents. Identification and quantitation of the main polyphenols were carried out by applying HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS methods. Representative samples of ripe olives were also analyzed at the same time to correlate, if possible, their polyphenolic profiles with those of the corresponding olive oil waste waters. The results demonstrate that Italian commercial olive oil waste waters were the richest in total polyphenolic compounds with amounts between 150 and 400 mg/100 mL of waste waters. These raw, as yet unused, matrices could represent an interesting and alternative source of biologically active polyphenols. more...
- Published
- 2001
24. Phenolic Profiles of Four Processed Tropical Green Leafy Vegetables Commonly Used as Food
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Sule Ola Salawu, C. Giaccherini, Afolabi A. Akindahunsi, Nadia Mulinacci, and Marzia Innocenti
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Pharmacology ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Drug Discovery ,Plant Science ,General Medicine ,Food science ,Leafy vegetables ,Biology - Abstract
The phenolic profiles are presented of four tropical green leafy vegetables ( Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina, Corchorus olitorius and Manihot utilissima) commonly used as food, after application of traditional treatments, such as boiling and abrasion. The HPLC/DAD/MS technique was mainly used to carry out this study. Preliminary evaluation of the antioxidant properties of the vegetables was also performed using the DPPH in vitro test. For the first time, seasonal variations in the phenolic content of the four investigated vegetables were highlighted. Of the four plants, all showed only quantitative differences, except for Ocimum graticimum, in which cichoric acid, previously detected as one of the main constituents of this vegetable collected in November (dry season), was absent in the sample harvested in March. The phenolic constituents are chemically unmodified after a strong heating process, such as the traditional blanching (about 15 minutes) applied by Nigerian people prior to consuming these vegetables. Nevertheless, these typical preparations showed a consistent decrease in the total phenolic compounds with respect to the raw material, particularly for Corchorus olitorius (from 42.3 to 5.56 mg/g dried leaves) and Vernonia amygdalina (from 40.2 to 4.4 mg/g dried leaves). As expected, when the blanching treatment is reduced to a few minutes, as for Manihot utilissima leaves, the cooked vegetable maintained almost unaltered its original phenolic content (around 10 mg/g dried leaves). The unique exception is the blanched Ocimum gratissimum sample that showed a consistent increment of the total phenols, particularly of rosmarinic acid (from 6.1 to 29.8 mg/g dried leaves) with respect to the unprocessed vegetable. more...
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- 2008
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25. Anticoagulation and thrombocytopenia in cancer: what more can we learn from existing randomized controlled trials.
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Falanga A and Giaccherini C
- Subjects
- Humans, Thrombocytopenia drug therapy, Thrombocytopenia etiology, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Neoplasms complications, Neoplasms drug therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
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- 2024
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26. Hemostatic Profile and Serological Response of Patients with Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Receiving BNT162b2 Vaccine: A Prospective Study.
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Schieppati F, Russo L, Gamba S, Galimberti E, Giaccherini C, Tartari CJ, Bolognini S, Verzeroli C, Ticozzi C, Barcella L, Marchetti M, and Falanga A
- Subjects
- Humans, Prospective Studies, ADAMTS13 Protein, BNT162 Vaccine, COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects, SARS-CoV-2, Recurrence, Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic, Hemostatics, COVID-19, Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic, Vaccines
- Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus disease is a clinical challenge for patients with autoimmune conditions. Patients affected by immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) are particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Protecting these patients with vaccination is therefore mandatory, although concerns may exist on a possible increased thrombotic risk or risk of disease relapse after vaccine exposure. So far, there is no information on serological response and hemostatic activation in iTTP patients after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination., Materials and Methods: In this study, in April 2021, we enrolled iTTP patients in clinical remission and on regular outpatient follow-up to receive the first and second dose BNT162b2 vaccine as a part of a prospective trial aimed at monitoring for 6 months after vaccination the occurrence of subclinical laboratory signs of clotting activation, as well as overt thrombotic complications or disease relapse. The seroconversion response was monitored in parallel. The results were compared with those of control non-iTTP subjects., Results: A moderate decrease of ADAMTS-13 activity was recorded at 3 and 6 months in five patients with normal values at baseline, while an ADAMTS-13 relapse occurred at 6 months in one patient. Abnormalities in the endothelium activation biomarkers postvaccination were observed in iTTP patients compared with controls. The immunological response to vaccine was overall positive. No clinical iTTP relapses or thrombotic events manifested in the 6 month-follow-up after vaccination., Conclusion: The results of this study are in favor of efficacy and safety of mRNA vaccines in patients with iTTP, and highlight the importance of long-term monitoring of iTTP patients., Competing Interests: None declared., (Thieme. All rights reserved.) more...
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- 2023
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27. A New Risk Prediction Model for Venous Thromboembolism and Death in Ambulatory Lung Cancer Patients.
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Gomez-Rosas P, Giaccherini C, Russo L, Verzeroli C, Gamba S, Tartari CJ, Bolognini S, Ticozzi C, Schieppati F, Barcella L, Sarmiento R, Masci G, Tondini C, Petrelli F, Giuliani F, D'Alessio A, Minelli M, De Braud F, Santoro A, Labianca R, Gasparini G, Marchetti M, Falanga A, and On Behalf Of The Hypercan Investigators more...
- Abstract
(1) Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent complication in ambulatory lung cancer patients during chemotherapy and is associated with increased mortality. (2) Methods: We analyzed 568 newly diagnosed metastatic lung cancer patients prospectively enrolled in the HYPERCAN study. Blood samples collected before chemotherapy were tested for thrombin generation (TG) and a panel of hemostatic biomarkers. The Khorana risk score (KRS), new-Vienna CATS, PROTECHT, and CONKO risk assessment models (RAMs) were applied. (3) Results: Within 6 months, the cumulative incidences of VTE and mortality were 12% and 29%, respectively. Patients with VTE showed significantly increased levels of D-dimer, FVIII, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, and TG. D-dimer and ECOG performance status were identified as independent risk factors for VTE and mortality by multivariable analysis and utilized to generate a risk score that provided a cumulative incidence of VTE of 6% vs. 25%, death of 19% vs. 55%, and in the low- vs. high-risk group, respectively ( p < 0.001). While all published RAMs significantly stratified patients for risk of death, only the CATS and CONKO were able to stratify patients for VTE. (4) Conclusions: A new prediction model was generated to stratify lung cancer patients for VTE and mortality risk, where other published RAMs failed. more...
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- 2023
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28. Utility of the Khorana and the new-Vienna CATS prediction scores in cancer patients of the HYPERCAN cohort.
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Verzeroli C, Giaccherini C, Russo L, Bolognini S, Gamba S, Tartari CJ, Schieppati F, Ticozzi C, Vignoli A, Masci G, Sarmiento R, Spinelli D, Malighetti P, Tondini C, Petrelli F, Giuliani F, D'Alessio A, Gasparini G, Minelli M, De Braud F, Santoro A, Labianca R, Marchetti M, and Falanga A more...
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- Humans, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment, Venous Thromboembolism diagnosis, Venous Thromboembolism epidemiology, Venous Thromboembolism etiology, Neoplasms diagnosis, Neoplasms drug therapy, Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Background: Risk assessment models (RAMs) are relevant approaches to identify cancer outpatients at high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Among the proposed RAMs, the Khorana (KRS) and the new-Vienna CATS risk scores have been externally validated in ambulatory patients with cancer., Objectives: To test KRS and new-Vienna CATS scores in 6-month VTE prediction and mortality in a large prospective cohort of metastatic cancer outpatients during chemotherapy., Patients/methods: Newly diagnosed patients with metastatic non-small cell lung, colorectal, gastric, or breast cancers were analyzed (n = 1286). The cumulative incidence of objectively confirmed VTE was estimated with death as a competing risk and multivariate Fine and Gray regression., Results: Within 6 months, 120 VTE events (9.7%) occurred. The KRS and the new-Vienna CATS scores showed comparable c-stat. Stratification by KRS provided VTE cumulative incidences of 6.2%, 11.4%, and 11.5% in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk categories, respectively (p = ns), and of 8.5% vs. 11.8% (p = ns) in the low- vs. high-risk group by the single 2-point cut-off value stratification. Using a pre-defined 60-point cut-off by the new-Vienna CATS score, 6.6% and 12.2% cumulative incidences were obtained in the low- and high-risk groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Furthermore, having a KRS ≥2 = or a new-Vienna CATS score >60 points was also an independent risk factor for mortality., Conclusion: In our cohort, the 2 RAMs showed a comparable discriminating potential; however, after the application of cut-off values, the new-Vienna CATS score provided statistically significant stratification for VTE. Both RAMs proved to be effective in identifying patients at increased risk of mortality., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interests All authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest related to this research., (Copyright © 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2023
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29. VTE prophylaxis in multiple myeloma.
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Falanga A and Giaccherini C
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- Humans, Cytogenetics, Metaphase, Venous Thromboembolism etiology, Venous Thromboembolism prevention & control, Multiple Myeloma complications, Multiple Myeloma drug therapy
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- 2022
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30. Thrombin Generation and D-Dimer for Prediction of Disease Progression and Mortality in Patients with Metastatic Gastrointestinal Cancer.
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Giaccherini C, Verzeroli C, Russo L, Gamba S, Tartari CJ, Bolognini S, Schieppati F, Ticozzi C, Sarmiento R, Celio L, Masci G, Tondini C, Petrelli F, Giuliani F, D'Alessio A, De Braud F, Santoro A, Labianca R, Gasparini G, Marchetti M, and Falanga A more...
- Abstract
Background: the tight and reciprocal interaction between cancer and hemostasis has stimulated investigations on the possible role of hemostatic biomarkers in predicting specific cancer outcomes, such as disease progression (DP) and overall survival (OS). In a prospective cohort of newly diagnosed metastatic gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients from the HYPERCAN study, we aimed to assess whether the hemostatic biomarker levels measured before starting any anticancer therapy may specifically predict for 6-months DP (6m-DP) and for 1-year OS (1y OS). Methods: plasma samples were collected and tested for thrombin generation (TG) as global hemostatic assay, and for D-dimer, fibrinogen, and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 as hypercoagulation biomarkers. DP and mortality were monitored during follow-up. Results: A prospective cohort of 462 colorectal and 164 gastric cancer patients was available for analysis. After 6 months, DP occurred in 148 patients, providing a cumulative incidence of 24.8% (21.4−28.4). D-dimer and TG endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) were identified as independent risk factors for 6m-DP by multivariate Fine−Gray proportional hazard regression model corrected for age, cancer site, and >1 metastatic site. After 1 year, we observed an OS of 75.7% (71.9−79.0). Multivariate Cox regression analysis corrected for age, site of cancer, and performance status identified D-dimer and ETP as independent risk factors for 1y OS. Patients with one or both hemostatic parameters above the dichotomizing threshold were at higher risk for both 6m-DP and 1-year mortality. Conclusion.: in newly diagnosed metastatic GI cancer patients, pretreatment ETP and D-dimer appear promising candidate biomarkers for predicting 6m-DP and 1y OS. In this setting, for the first time, the role of TG as a prognostic biomarker emerges in a large prospective cohort. more...
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- 2022
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31. Ischemic and hemorrhagic abdominal complications in COVID-19 patients: experience from the first Italian wave.
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Bonaffini PA, Franco PN, Bonanomi A, Giaccherini C, Valle C, Marra P, Norsa L, Marchetti M, Falanga A, and Sironi S
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- Abdomen diagnostic imaging, Anticoagulants adverse effects, Humans, Ischemia chemically induced, Retrospective Studies, COVID-19 complications, Pulmonary Embolism
- Abstract
Purpose: To report ischemic and haemorrhagic abdominal complications in a series of COVID-19 patients. To correlate these complications with lung involvement, laboratory tests, comorbidities, and anticoagulant treatment., Methods: We retrospectively included 30 COVID-19 patients who undergone abdomen CECT for abdominal pain, between March 16 and May 19, 2020. Ischemic and haemorrhagic complications were compared with lung involvement (early, progressive, peak or absorption stage), blood coagulation values, anticoagulant therapy, comorbidities, and presence of pulmonary embolism (PE)., Results: Ischemic complications were documented in 10 patients (7 receiving anticoagulant therapy, 70%): 6/10 small bowel ischemia (1 concomitant obstruction, 1 perforation) and 4/10 ischemic colitis. Main mesenteric vessels were patent except for 1 superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. Two ischemia cases also presented splenic infarctions. Bleeding complications were found in 20 patients (all receiving anticoagulant treatments), half with active bleeding: hematomas in soft tissues (15) and retroperitoneum (2) and gastro-intestinal bleeding (3). Platelet and lymphocyte were within the normal range. D-Dimer was significantly higher in ischemic cases (p < 0.001). Most of the patients had severe lung disease (45% peak, 29% absorption), two patients PE., Conclusions: Ischemic and haemorrhagic abdominal complications may occur in COVID-19 patients, particularly associated to extended lung disease. CT plays a key role in the diagnosis of these potentially life- threatening conditions., (© 2022. The Author(s).) more...
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- 2022
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32. Hemostatic system activation in breast cancer: Searching for new biomarkers for cancer risk prediction and outcomes.
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Marchetti M, Russo L, Giaccherini C, Gamba S, and Falanga A
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- Biomarkers, Female, Hemostasis, Humans, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Hemostatics, Thrombophilia
- Abstract
In malignant diseases, the development of a systemic hypercoagulable state is the consequence of the procoagulant activity of cancer cells on the hemostatic system and based on this close relationship, alterations in the levels of hemostatic biomarkers and/or biomarkers of blood clotting activation are under investigation as a potential tool in predicting for different cancer outcomes. Today, breast cancer remains the most common tumor and the second cause of mortality for cancer in women. There is still a need for novel biomarkers for making a diagnosis at a very early stage of disease and for the classification of individuals at different risks of disease recurrence or progression. In this review, we will discuss the pathogenesis of the thrombophilic state in breast cancer patients and its interconnection with the mechanisms of malignant progression, and report on the latest results from the HYPERCAN study in the context of hemostatic biomarker development in the breast cancer setting., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2022
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33. Regulation of Mus81-Eme1 structure-specific endonuclease by Eme1 SUMO-binding and Rad3ATR kinase is essential in the absence of Rqh1BLM helicase.
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Giaccherini C, Scaglione S, Coulon S, Dehé PM, and Gaillard PL
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- DNA Helicases genetics, DNA Helicases metabolism, DNA Replication, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Endonucleases genetics, Endonucleases metabolism, Schizosaccharomyces genetics, Schizosaccharomyces metabolism, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins genetics, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The Mus81-Eme1 structure-specific endonuclease is crucial for the processing of DNA recombination and late replication intermediates. In fission yeast, stimulation of Mus81-Eme1 in response to DNA damage at the G2/M transition relies on Cdc2CDK1 and DNA damage checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of Eme1 and is critical for chromosome stability in absence of the Rqh1BLM helicase. Here we identify Rad3ATR checkpoint kinase consensus phosphorylation sites and two SUMO interacting motifs (SIM) within a short N-terminal domain of Eme1 that is required for cell survival in absence of Rqh1BLM. We show that direct phosphorylation of Eme1 by Rad3ATR is essential for catalytic stimulation of Mus81-Eme1. Chk1-mediated phosphorylation also contributes to the stimulation of Mus81-Eme1 when combined with phosphorylation of Eme1 by Rad3ATR. Both Rad3ATR- and Chk1-mediated phosphorylation of Eme1 as well as the SIMs are critical for cell fitness in absence of Rqh1BLM and abrogating bimodal phosphorylation of Eme1 along with mutating the SIMs is incompatible with rqh1Δ cell viability. Our findings unravel an elaborate regulatory network that relies on the poorly structured N-terminal domain of Eme1 and which is essential for the vital functions Mus81-Eme1 fulfills in absence of Rqh1BLM., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. more...
- Published
- 2022
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34. Increased platelet thrombus formation under flow conditions in whole blood from polycythaemia vera patients.
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Vignoli A, Gamba S, van der Meijden PEJ, Marchetti M, Russo L, Tessarolo S, Giaccherini C, Swieringa F, Ten Cate H, Finazzi G, Heemskerk JWM, and Falanga A
- Subjects
- Blood Platelets metabolism, Collagen metabolism, Collagen pharmacology, Humans, Platelet Adhesiveness, Polycythemia Vera complications, Polycythemia Vera metabolism, Thrombosis etiology
- Abstract
Background: Polycythaemia vera is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterised by a high incidence of thrombosis. The contribution of platelets, key players in haemostasis, in this setting is still unclear. So far, the majority of studies have been focussed on specific platelet abnormalities but not on their actual capacity to form thrombi. The aim of this study was to characterise, ex vivo under flow conditions, the capacity of platelets from patients with polycythaemia vera to adhere to collagen and induce thrombus formation., Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine patients and 30 healthy controls were studied. Thrombus formation was induced by perfusing whole blood over a collagen-coated surface, in a parallel-plate flow chamber coupled to a fluorescent microscope. This dynamic system enables platelet adhesion and thrombus formation to be followed in real time and also allows measurements of the extent of the thrombus and platelet surface antigen expression. Laboratory data were analysed in the light of the patients' main haematological parameters and therapies., Results: Platelet adhesion was significantly greater in patients than in control subjects. Patient thrombi were usually larger and more complex than those formed by control platelets. A significant positive correlation was found between platelet adhesion and both the haematocrit and red blood cell count. These parameters remained significantly correlated with platelet adhesion also after multivariable analysis adjusted for gender, age, therapy and JAK2V617F allele burden. Furthermore, subjects with a haematocrit >45% had significantly greater platelet adhesion than subjects with a haematocrit <45%., Discussion: Our data indicate that increased platelet adhesion participates in the thrombotic diathesis of patients with polycythaemia vera, and that the haematocrit level can affect the adhesive and thrombus forming capacities of platelets. more...
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- 2022
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35. Control of structure-specific endonucleases during homologous recombination in eukaryotes.
- Author
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Giaccherini C and Gaillard PH
- Subjects
- DNA Repair genetics, Eukaryota genetics, Eukaryota metabolism, Homologous Recombination genetics, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded, Endonucleases genetics, Endonucleases metabolism
- Abstract
Structure-Specific Endonucleases (SSE) are specialized DNA endonucleases that recognize and process DNA secondary structures without any strict dependency on the nucleotide sequence context. This enables them to act virtually anywhere in the genome and to make key contributions to the maintenance of genome stability by removing DNA structures that may stall essential cellular processes such as DNA replication, transcription, repair and chromosome segregation. During repair of double strand breaks by homologous recombination mechanisms, DNA secondary structures are formed and processed in a timely manner. Their homeostasis relies on the combined action of helicases, SSE and topoisomerases. In this review, we focus on how SSE contribute to DNA end resection, single-strand annealing and double-strand break repair, with an emphasis on how their action is fine-tuned in those processes., (Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2021
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36. Post-operative heparin reduces early venous thrombotic complications after orthotopic paediatric liver transplantation.
- Author
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Colombo G, Giaccherini C, Benzi A, Ferrari F, Bonacina D, Corno M, Colledan M, Alessio MG, Bonanomi E, Nacoti M, and Falanga A
- Subjects
- Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Child, Heparin therapeutic use, Humans, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Postoperative Complications etiology, Postoperative Complications prevention & control, Retrospective Studies, Liver Transplantation adverse effects, Thrombosis epidemiology, Thrombosis etiology, Thrombosis prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: Despite significant improvements in surgical techniques and medical care, thrombotic complications still represent the primary cause of early graft failure and re-transplantation following paediatric liver transplantation. There is still no standardized approach for thrombosis prevention., Materials and Methods: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early intravenous unfractionated heparin started 12 hours postoperatively at 10 UI/kg per hour and used a retrospective "before and after" design to compare the incidence of early thrombotic complications prior to (2002-2010) and after (2011-2016) the introduction of heparin in our institute., Results: From 2002 to 2016, 479 paediatric patients received liver transplantation in our institution with an overall survival rate over one year of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.94). Of 365 eligible patients, 244 did not receive heparin while 121 did receive heparin. We reported a lower incidence of venous thrombosis (VT) in the group treated with heparin: 2.5% (3/121) vs 7.9% (19/244) (p=0.038). All clinical and laboratory variables considered potential risk factors for VT were studied. By multivariate stepwise Cox proportional hazards models, heparin prophylaxis resulted significantly associated to a reduction in VT (HR=0.29 [95% CI: 0.08-0.97], p=0.045), while age <1 year was found to be an independent risk factor for VT (HR=2.62 [95% CI: 1.11-6.21]; p=0.028)., Discussion: Early postoperative heparin could be considered a valid and safe strategy to prevent early VT after paediatric liver transplantation without a concomitant increase in bleeding. A future randomised control trial is mandatory in order to strengthen this conclusion. more...
- Published
- 2021
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37. Validation of the Role of Thrombin Generation Potential by a Fully Automated System in the Identification of Breast Cancer Patients at High Risk of Disease Recurrence.
- Author
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Gomez-Rosas P, Pesenti M, Verzeroli C, Giaccherini C, Russo L, Sarmiento R, Masci G, Celio L, Minelli M, Gamba S, Tartari CJ, Tondini C, Giuliani F, Petrelli F, D'Alessio A, Gasparini G, Labianca R, Santoro A, De Braud F, Marchetti M, and Falanga A more...
- Abstract
Background The measurement of thrombin generation (TG) potential by the calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) assay provides a strong contribution in identifying patients at high risk of early disease recurrence (E-DR). However, CAT assay still needs standardization and clinical validation. Objective In this study, we aimed to validate the role of TG for E-DR prediction by means of the fully automated ST Genesia system. Methods A prospective cohort of 522 patients from the HYPERCAN study with newly diagnosed resected high-risk breast cancer was included. Fifty-two healthy women acted as controls. Plasma samples were tested for protein C, free-protein S, and TG by ST Genesia by using the STG-ThromboScreen reagent with and without thrombomodulin (TM). Results In the absence of TM, patients showed significantly higher peak and ETP compared with controls. In the presence of TM, significantly lower inhibition of ETP and Peak were observed in patients compared with controls. E-DR occurred in 28 patients; these patients had significantly higher peak and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) in the absence of TM compared with disease-free patients. Multivariable analysis identified mastectomy, luminal B HER2-neg, triple negative subtypes, and ETP as independent risk factors for E-DR. These variables were combined to generate a risk assessment score, able to stratify patients in three-risk categories. The E-DR rates were 0, 4.7, and 13.5% in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk categories (hazard ratio = 8.7; p < 0.05, low vs. high risk). Conclusion Our data validate the ETP parameter with a fully automated standardized system and confirm its significant contribution in identifying high-risk early breast cancer at risk for E-DR during chemotherapy., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest None declared., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ).) more...
- Published
- 2021
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38. Thrombin generation predicts early recurrence in breast cancer patients.
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Marchetti M, Giaccherini C, Masci G, Verzeroli C, Russo L, Celio L, Sarmiento R, Gamba S, Tartari CJ, Diani E, Vignoli A, Malighetti P, Spinelli D, Kuderer NM, Nichetti F, Minelli M, Tondini C, Barni S, Giuliani F, Petrelli F, D'Alessio A, Gasparini G, Labianca R, Santoro A, De Braud F, and Falanga A more...
- Subjects
- Humans, Mastectomy, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Thrombin, Breast Neoplasms
- Abstract
Background: Cancer patients present with a hypercoagulable state often associated with poor disease prognosis., Objectives: This study aims to evaluate whether thrombin generation (TG), a global coagulation test, may be a useful tool to improve the identification of patients at high risk of early disease recurrence (ie, E-DR within 2 years) after breast cancer surgery., Patients/methods: A cohort of 522 newly diagnosed patients with surgically resected high-risk breast cancer were enrolled in the ongoing prospective HYPERCAN study. TG potential was measured in plasma samples collected before starting systemic chemotherapy. Significant predictive hemostatic and clinic-pathological parameters were identified in the derivation cohort by Cox regression analysis. A risk prognostic score for E-DR was generated in the derivation and tested in the validation cohort., Results: After a median observation period of 3.4 years, DR occurred in 51 patients, 28 of whom were E-DR. E-DR subjects presented with the highest TG values as compared to both late-DR (from 2 to 5 years) and no relapse subjects (P < .01). Multivariate analysis in the derivation cohort identified TG, mastectomy, triple negative and Luminal B HER2-neg molecular subtypes as significant independent predictors for E-DR, which were utilized to generate a risk assessment score. In the derivation and validation cohorts, E-DR rates were 2.3% and 0% in the low-risk, 10.1% and 6.3% in the intermediate-risk, and 18.2% and 16.7%, in the high-risk categories, respectively., Conclusions: Inclusion of TG in a risk-assessment model for E-DR significantly helps the identification of operated breast cancer patients at high risk of very early relapse., (© 2020 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis.) more...
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- 2020
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39. Anticoagulation in thrombocytopenic patients with hematological malignancy: A multinational clinical vignette-based experiment.
- Author
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Leader A, Ten Cate V, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ, Beckers EAM, Spectre G, Giaccherini C, Gurevich-Shapiro A, Krashin E, Raanani P, Schouten HC, Falanga A, and Ten Cate H
- Subjects
- Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Blood Coagulation, Hemorrhage, Humans, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Atrial Fibrillation, Hematologic Neoplasms complications, Stroke
- Abstract
Background: Thrombocytopenia in cancer patients with an indication for anticoagulation poses a unique clinical challenge. There are guidelines for the setting of venous thromboembolism but not atrial fibrillation (AF). Evidence is lacking and current practice is unclear., Objective: To identify patient and physician characteristics associated with anticoagulation management in hematological malignancy and thrombocytopenia., Methods: A clinical vignette-based experiment was designed. Eleven hematologists were interviewed, identifying 5 relevant variable categories with 2-5 options each. Thirty hypothetical vignettes were generated. Each physician received 5 vignettes and selected a management strategy (hold anticoagulation; no change; transfuse platelets; modify type/dose). The survey was distributed to hematologists and thrombosis specialists in 3 countries. Poisson regression models with cluster robust variance estimates were used to calculate relative risks for using one management option over the other, for each variable in comparison to a reference variable., Results: 168 physicians answered 774 cases and reported continuing anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism or AF in 607 (78%) cases, usually with dose reduction or platelet transfusion support. Overall, management was affected by platelet count, anticoagulation indication, time since indication, type of hematological disease and treatment, and prior major bleeding, as well as physician demographics and practice setting. The CHA
2 DS2 -VASc score and time since AF diagnosis affected anticoagulation management in AF., Conclusion: This study indicates what the widely accepted management strategies are. These strategies, and possibly others, should be assessed prospectively to ascertain effectiveness. The decision process is intricate and compatible with current venous thromboembolism guidelines., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Dr. Leader reports personal fees from Bayer and Pfizer outside the submitted work. Dr.. Spectre reports personal fees from Bayer, personal fees from Pfizer, personal fees from Sanofi, personal fees from Boeringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. Dr. Falanga reports personal fees from LEO Pharma, personal fees from Bayer, outside the submitted work. Dr. ten Cate reports grants and personal fees from Bayer, grants from Pfizer, grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, outside the submitted work. None of the other authors have any actual or potential conflicts of interest capable of influencing judgment., (Copyright © 2020 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) more...- Published
- 2020
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40. Thrombotic biomarkers for risk prediction of malignant disease recurrence in patients with early stage breast cancer.
- Author
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Giaccherini C, Marchetti M, Masci G, Verzeroli C, Russo L, Celio L, Sarmiento R, Gamba S, Tartari CJ, Diani E, Vignoli A, Malighetti P, Spinelli D, Tondini C, Barni S, Giuliani F, Petrelli F, D'Alessio A, Gasparini G, De Braud F, Santoro A, Labianca R, and Falanga A more...
- Subjects
- Biomarkers, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis, Breast Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
In cancer patients, hypercoagulability is a common finding. It has been associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, but also to tumor proliferation and progression. In this prospective study of a large cohort of breast cancer patients, we aimed to evaluate whether pre-chemotherapy abnormalities in hemostatic biomarkers levels: (i) are associated with breast cancer-specific clinico-pathological features; and (ii) can predict for disease recurrence. D-dimer, fibrinogen, prothrombin fragment 1+2, and FVIIa/antithrombin levels were measured in 701 early-stage resected breast cancer patients candidate to adjuvant chemotherapy and prospectively enrolled in the HYPERCAN study. Significant prognostic parameters for disease recurrence were identified by Cox regression multivariate analysis and used for generating a risk assessment model. Pre-chemotherapy D-dimer, fibrinogen, and pro-thrombin fragment 1+2 levels were significantly associated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis. After 3.4 years of follow up, 71 patients experienced a recurrence. Cox multivariate analysis identified prothrombin fragment 1+2, tumor size, and Luminal B HER2-negative or triple negative molecular subtypes as independent risk factors for disease recurrence. Based on these variables, we generated a risk assessment model that significantly differentiated patients at low- and high-risk of recurrence (cumulative incidence: 6.2 vs 20.7%; Hazard Ratio=3.5; P <0.001). Our prospective clinical and laboratory data from the HYPERCAN study were crucial for generating a scoring model for assessing risk of disease recurrence in resected breast cancer patients, candidate to systemic chemotherapy. This finding stimulates future investigations addressing the role of plasma prothrombin fragment 1+2 in the management of breast cancer patients to provide the rationale for new therapeutic strategies. (The HYPERCAN study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov identifier 02622815 )., (Copyright© 2020 Ferrata Storti Foundation.) more...
- Published
- 2020
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41. Managing Anti-Platelet Therapy in Thrombocytopaenic Patients with Haematological Malignancy: A Multinational Clinical Vignette-Based Experiment.
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Leader A, Ten Cate V, Ten Cate-Hoek AJ, Spectre G, Beckers EAM, Raanani P, Giaccherini C, Pereg D, Schouten HC, Falanga A, and Ten Cate H
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- Cardiology standards, Decision Making, Hematologic Neoplasms complications, Hematology standards, Hemorrhage prevention & control, Humans, Israel, Italy, Myocardial Infarction prevention & control, Netherlands, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors therapeutic use, Platelet Transfusion, Poisson Distribution, Random Allocation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Thrombocytopenia complications, Blood Platelets drug effects, Cardiology methods, Hematologic Neoplasms therapy, Hematology methods, Thrombocytopenia therapy
- Abstract
Data on anti-platelet therapy (APT) for prevention of atherothrombotic events in thrombocytopaenic cancer patients is lacking. We aimed to identify patient and physician characteristics associated with APT management in thrombocytopaenic patients with haematological malignancy. A clinical vignette-based experiment was designed. Eleven haematologists were interviewed, identifying five variable categories. Next, 18 hypothetical vignettes were generated. Each physician received three vignettes and chose to: hold all APT; continue APT without platelet transfusion support; or continue APT with platelet transfusion support. The survey was distributed to haematologists and thrombosis specialists in three countries. Multivariate cluster robust Poisson regression models were used to calculate relative risks (RRs) of using one management option (over the other) for each variable in comparison to a reference variable. A total of 145 physicians answered 434 cases. Clinicians were more likely to hold APT in case of 20,000/µL platelets (vs. 40,000/µL; RR for continuing: 0.82 [95% confidence interval: 0.75-0.91]), recent major gastrointestinal bleeding (vs. none; RR 0.81 [0.72-0.92]) and when the physician worked at a university-affiliated community hospital (vs. non-academic community hospital; RR 0.84 [0.72-0.98]). Clinicians were more likely to continue APT in ST elevation myocardial infarction with dual APT (vs. unstable angina with single APT; RR 1.31 [1.18-1.45]) and when there were institutional protocols guiding management (vs. none; RR 1.15 [1.03-1.27]). When APT was continued, increased platelet transfusion targets were used in 34%. In summary, the decision process is complex and affected by multiple patient and physician characteristics. Platelet transfusions were frequently chosen to support APT, although no evidence supports this practice., Competing Interests: None declared., (Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.) more...
- Published
- 2019
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42. Platelet haemostatic properties in β-thalassaemia: the effect of blood transfusion.
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Trinchero A, Marchetti M, Giaccherini C, Tartari CJ, Russo L, and Falanga A
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Blood Platelets metabolism, Blood Transfusion, Platelet Adhesiveness, Splenectomy, beta-Thalassemia blood, beta-Thalassemia therapy
- Abstract
Background: Patients with thalassaemia may have thromboembolic events and, even without thrombosis, they have a subclinical hypercoagulable state. In this setting, several coagulation laboratory abnormalities have been described, but thus far no studies have explored the contribution of platelet adhesive and procoagulant properties to blood clotting activation. In this study, we dissected the platelet procoagulant effect and influence of blood transfusions on haemostasis and platelet function in thalassaemic patients., Material and Methods: Sixteen subjects with thalassaemia were studied (9 with transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia, 7 "trait" carriers). Splenectomised and non-splenectomised patients undergoing blood transfusion were compared. All splenectomised patients were then compared to "trait" carriers and to healthy controls (n=9). The following parameters were measured in transfusion-dependent patients before and after monthly transfusions and compared to those of controls: levels of platelet surface activation markers (P-selectin, tissue factor, and fibrinogen), whole blood platelet aggregation, tissue factor or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet thrombin generation (TG) potential, and D-dimer., Results: Before transfusion, platelets from splenectomised patients showed significantly higher ADP-induced tissue factor expression, ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation and TG potential than those from non-splenectomised patients and controls. Blood transfusion in splenectomised patients reduced platelet activation, aggregation and TG potential., Discussion: Splenectomised patients with β-thalassaemia had a prothrombotic state, characterised by enhanced platelet reactivity and function, and high platelet-induced TG potential. One hour after blood transfusions platelet and coagulation parameters improved, supporting the hypothesis that transfusion might have a protective role on platelet haemostatic status. more...
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- 2017
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43. PO-26 - Whole blood rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to detect hypercoagulability in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).
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Giaccherini C, Verzeroli C, Marchetti M, Gamba S, Piras F, Russo L, Tessarolo S, Vignoli A, Finazzi G, Rambaldi A, and Falanga A
- Abstract
Introduction: Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) and Polycythemia Vera (PV) are two MPNs characterized by a "clonal" overproduction of one or more blood cell lines, hypercoagulability, and an increased incidence of thrombosis. ROTEM is a point of care global coagulation assay performed in whole blood, able to evaluate platelets and fibrinogen contributions to the clotting process. Until now few studies evaluated the thromboelastometry profile of MPN patients., Aim: This study assess the feasibility of using ROTEM to characterize the prothrombotic state of MPN patients and to evaluate whether the thromboelastometry profile varies according to mutational status and/or treatment, and is influenced by hemocromocytometric parameters., Materials and Methods: Venous blood samples were collected from 39 ET and 23PV patients upon informed consent. Analysis was performed using INTEM and EXTEM reagents, to evaluate the intrinsic and extrinsic pathway, respectively. Maximum clot firmness (MCF, [mm]), which reflects the maximum tensile strength of the thrombus, clotting formation time (CFT [sec]), namely the time that clot takes to increase from 2 to 20mm above baseline, and clotting time (CT [sec]), the time to clot initiation, were recorded. Nineteen healthy subjects acted as a control group., Results: ROTEM analysis showed a hypercoagulable profile in MPN patients, who had shorter CFT and higher MCF compared to controls, both with EXTEM and INTEM reagents; no differences were observed in CT parameters. Platelet count was significantly higher in patients compared to controls (p<0.01). In patients, a strong statistically significant (p<0.01) correlation was found between platelet count, and MCF [r=0.650 (ET), r=0.601 (PV)] or CFT [r=-0.641 (ET), r=-0.558 (PV)]. Multivariate analysis, according to blood cell counts, showed that only platelet count was independently associated to ROTEM results. To correct for platelet differences, a ratio between MCF and the respective platelet value (rMCF) was created. Interestingly, rMCF was significantly lower in patients compared to controls (p<0.01), suggesting a weaker clot formation potential of patients' samples. Furthermore, rMCF was lower in ET compared to PV (p<0.05), and in calreticulin-positive subjects (p<0.05), while was higher in patients under cytoreductive therapy (Hydroxyurea) (p=ns)., Conclusions: This study confirms, by the ROTEM evaluation, the occurrence of a hypercoagulable state in ET and PV patients. In addition, the ROTEM parameters are significantly influenced by the platelet count. Finally, MCF values corrected for platelet count reveal a lower platelet reactivity in MPN patients, confirming the hypothesis that platelet function is exhausted upon clotting activation., Acknowledgement: Project funded by "AIRC-IG2013" grant Nr. 14505 from the "Italian Association for Cancer Research" (A.I.R.C.)., (© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2016
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44. Tissue Factor Expression on Platelet Surface during Preparation and Storage of Platelet Concentrates.
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Vignoli A, Giaccherini C, Marchetti M, Verzeroli C, Gargantini C, Da Prada L, Giussani B, and Falanga A
- Abstract
Background: Tissue factor (TF), the main activator of blood coagulation, is expressed on platelet surface and, together with procoagulant phospholipids, contributes to the global coagulation potential of these blood components. The present study evaluated, for the first time, the expression of TF on platelet surface during preparation and storage of platelet concentrates (PC) for transfusional use., Methods: Platelet TF was measured by flow cytometry in healthy donor whole blood (WB) and in pooled buffy-coat-derived PC on the day of preparation and up to 4 days of storage in parallel with classical markers of platelet activation, i.e., fibrinogen, P-selectin, and glycoprotein GPIIb. Data were analyzed according to donor age and blood ABO group., Results: TF was detected on whole blood platelets and was found highest in O donors. Compared to whole blood, platelet surface TF was higher upon PC preparation and further increased during storage. The rise in TF levels positively correlated with the elevations of the other platelet markers., Conclusions: Our findings show that platelet surface TF is maintained in PC obtained by the pooled buffy coat method. Further studies are warranted to investigate a possible correlation between TF levels and the hemostatic response of the platelet transfusion recipient. more...
- Published
- 2013
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45. Storage method, drying processes and extraction procedures strongly affect the phenolic fraction of rosemary leaves: an HPLC/DAD/MS study.
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Mulinacci N, Innocenti M, Bellumori M, Giaccherini C, Martini V, and Michelozzi M
- Subjects
- Abietanes, Antioxidants, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cinnamates, Depsides, Flavonoids, Freezing, Methods, Plant Leaves chemistry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Rosmarinic Acid, Phenols chemistry, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Preparations standards, Rosmarinus chemistry
- Abstract
The Rosmarinus officinalis L. is widely known for its numerous applications in the food field but also for the increasing interest in its pharmaceutical properties. Two groups of compounds are mainly responsible for the biological activities of the plant: the volatile fraction and the phenolic constituents. The latter group is mainly constituted by rosmarinic acid, by a flavonoidic fraction and by some diterpenoid compounds structurally derived from the carnosic acid. The aim of our work was to optimize the extractive and analytical procedure for the determination of all the phenolic constituents. Moreover the chemical stability of the main phenols, depending on the storage condition, the different drying procedures and the extraction solvent, have been evaluated. This method allowed to detect up to 29 different constituents at the same time in a relatively short time. The described procedure has the advantage to being able to detect and quantify several classes of compounds, among them numerous minor flavonoids, thus contributing to improving knowledge of the plant. The findings from this study have demonstrated that storing the raw fresh material in the freezer is not appropriate for rosemary, mainly due to the rapid disappearing of the rosmarinic acid during the freezing/thawing process. Regarding the flavonoidic fraction, consistent decrements, were highlighted in the dried samples at room temperature if compared with the fresh leaf. Rosmarinic acid, appeared very sensitive also to mild drying processes. The total diterpenoidic content undergoes to little changes when the leaves are freeze dried or frozen and limited losses are observed working on dried leaves at room temperature. Nevertheless it can be taken in account that this fraction is very sensitive to the water presence during the extraction that favors the conversion of carnosic acid toward it oxidized form carnosol. From our findings, it appear evident that when evaluating the phenolic content in rosemary leaves, several factors, mainly the type of storage, the drying process and the extraction methods, should be carefully taken into account because they can induce partial losses of the antioxidant components., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2011
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46. Effect of cooking on the anthocyanins, phenolic acids, glycoalkaloids, and resistant starch content in two pigmented cultivars of Solanum tuberosum L.
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Mulinacci N, Ieri F, Giaccherini C, Innocenti M, Andrenelli L, Canova G, Saracchi M, and Casiraghi MC
- Subjects
- Plant Tubers chemistry, Solanum tuberosum ultrastructure, Starch ultrastructure, Alkaloids chemistry, Anthocyanins chemistry, Food Handling methods, Hydroxybenzoates chemistry, Pigments, Biological analysis, Solanum tuberosum chemistry, Starch chemistry
- Abstract
HPLC/DAD/MS analysis of the phenolic acids and anthocyanin content of three cultivars of Solanum tuberosum L. (Vitelotte Noire, Highland Burgundy Red, with pigmented flesh, and Kennebec with white pulp) was performed. The analyses were carried out both on fresh tubers and after cooking treatments (boiling and microwaves). Starch digestibility and the % of resistant starch were also determined on cooked tubers by in vitro methods. For the pigmented potatoes, the heating treatment did not cause any changes in the phenolic acids content, while anthocyanins showed only a small decrement (16-29%). The cv. Highland Burgundy Red showed anthocyanins and phenolic acid concentrations close to 1 g/kg and more than 1.1 g/kg, respectively. Vitellotte Noire showed the highest amounts of resistant starch. Potato starch digestibility and % of resistant starch, considered as a component of dietary fiber, were affected both by cultivar and by heating/cooling treatments. more...
- Published
- 2008
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47. Anthocyanins and xanthones in the calli and regenerated shoots of Hypericum perforatum var. angustifolium (sin. Fröhlich) Borkh.
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Mulinacci N, Giaccherini C, Santamaria AR, Caniato R, Ferrari F, Valletta A, Vincieri FF, and Pasqua G
- Subjects
- Anthocyanins analysis, Hypericum cytology, Plant Shoots cytology, Regeneration physiology, Xanthones analysis, Anthocyanins biosynthesis, Hypericum metabolism, Plant Shoots metabolism, Xanthones metabolism
- Abstract
The present paper reports on the production of anthocyanins and xanthones in different in vitro systems of Hypericum perforatum var. angustifolium (sin. Fröhlich) Borkh. Undifferentiated calli and regenerated shoots at different developmental stages were analyzed by applying an extractive and an analytical procedure capable of detecting and quantifying anthocyanins. The findings revealed, for the first time, the co-presence of hypericins and anthocyanins in shoots at initial and more developed stages of H. perforatum var. angustifolium L. Moreover, a high production of xanthones was found in the undifferentiated calli. more...
- Published
- 2008
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48. Anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols from grapes and wines of Vitis vinifera cv. Cesanese d'Affile.
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Mulinacci N, Santamaria AR, Giaccherini C, Innocenti M, Valletta A, Ciolfi G, and Pasqua G
- Subjects
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Mass Spectrometry, Vitis embryology, Anthocyanins isolation & purification, Flavonols isolation & purification, Seeds chemistry, Vitis chemistry
- Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the amount of some potential health-promoting phenols in the grape of Vitis vinifera cv. Cesanese d'Affile and in wines made from these grapes. The analyses were performed using HPLC/DAD/MS. The accumulation of anthocyanins in the skin and flavan-3-ols in the seed was determined at different stages of ripening of the grape (i.e. green, veraison, middle stage of ripening, and complete ripening). Thirteen anthocyanins were identified in the skin at all stages of ripening, except the green stage. With regard to flavan-3-ols, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and (-)-epicatechin gallate were detected in all of the seed samples. The highest (+)-catechin content was found in the seeds of the green grape (2 mg g(-1) DW), whereas in the seeds from the completely ripe grape the content was more than ten times lower. The highest catechin content in the seed was correlated with the lowest anthocyanin content in the skin. The wines produced in the years 2004 and 2005 showed, at wavelengths of 520 and 280 nm, almost identical quali-quantitative chromatographic profiles, with high concentrations of anthocyanin 3-O-glucosides, low concentrations of acylated anthocyanins, and trace amounts of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin. more...
- Published
- 2008
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49. Study of the phenolic composition of spanish and italian monocultivar extra virgin olive oils: Distribution of lignans, secoiridoidic, simple phenols and flavonoids.
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Oliveras-López MJ, Innocenti M, Giaccherini C, Ieri F, Romani A, and Mulinacci N
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the phenolic content in selected monocultivar extra virgin olive oils. Analyses were carried out by HPLC/DAD/MS on Picual, Picuda, Arbequina and Hojiblanca oils from Spain and Seggianese and Taggiasca oils from Italy. Oils from cultivar Picual showed similar characteristics to those of Seggianese oils, with total amounts of secoiridoids of 498.7 and 619.2mg/L, respectively. The phenolic composition of Arbequina oils is close to that of the Taggiasca variety with lignans among the main compounds. The determination of free and linked OH-Tyr, by way of an acid hydrolysis, represents a rapid and suitable method, especially when standards are not available, to determine antioxidant potentialities in terms of MPC, particularly for fresh extra virgin olive oils rich in secoiridoidic derivatives. more...
- Published
- 2007
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50. Flavonoids and biflavonoids in Tuscan berries of Juniperus communis L.: detection and quantitation by HPLC/DAD/ESI/MS.
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Innocenti M, Michelozzi M, Giaccherini C, Ieri F, Vincieri FF, and Mulinacci N
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- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Italy, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Biflavonoids analysis, Flavonoids analysis, Fruit chemistry, Juniperus chemistry
- Abstract
The aim of the present work was to develop a quali-quantitative investigation, using HPLC/DAD and HPLC/ESI/MS techniques, of the phenolic composition of berries collected from wild Tuscan plants of Juniperus communis L. and grown in three different geographical zones. The applied chromatographic elution method made it possible to well separate up to 16 different compounds belonging to flavonoids, such as isoscutellarein and 8-hydroxyluteolin or hypolaetin glycosides, and six biflavonoids, among them amentoflavone, hynokiflavone, cupressoflavone, and methyl-biflavones. To the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first report on the presence of these compounds in juniper berries. The flavonoidic content in the analyzed berries ranged between 1.46 and 3.79 mg/g of fresh pulp, whereas the amount of the biflavonoids was always lower, varying between 0.14 and 1.38 mg/g of fresh weight. more...
- Published
- 2007
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