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1. Barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainment of obesity prevention interventions in schoolchildren– a DEDIPAC case study

Author

C. B. Hayes, M. P. O’Shea, C. Foley-Nolan, M. McCarthy, and J. M. Harrington

Subjects
Implementation barriers, Facilitators, School-based, Obesity prevention, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to explore the implementation of school based diet and physical activity interventions with respect to the barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainability; supportive actions required for implementation and recommendations to overcome identified barriers. Two interventions rolled out nationally in Ireland were chosen; Food Dudes, a programme to encourage primary school children to consume more fruit and vegetables and Green Schools Travel (GST), an active travel to school programme in primary and secondary schools. Trained school coordinators (teachers) cascade the programmes to other teaching staff. Methods Multiple case study design using qualitative semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders: primary and secondary school teachers, school coordinators, project coordinators/managers, funders and intermediaries. Fifteen interviews were conducted. Data were coded using a common categorization matrix. Thematic analysis was undertaken using the Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance elements of the RE-AIM implementation framework. Results Good working relationships within and across government departments, intermediaries and schools were critical for intervention adoption, successful implementation and sustainability. Organisational and leadership ability of coordinators were essential. Provision of participation incentives acted as motivators to engage children’s interest. A deep understanding of the lives of the target children was an important contextual factor. The importance of adaptation without compromising core components in enhancing intervention sustainability emerged. Successful implementation was hindered by: funding insecurity, school timetable constraints, broad rather than specific intervention core components, and lack of agreement on conduct of programme evaluation. Supportive actions for maintenance included ongoing political support, secure funding and pre-existing healthy lifestyle policies. Conclusions Successful implementation and scale up of public health anti-obesity interventions in schools is dependent on good contextual fit, engagement and leadership at multiple levels and secure funding. Recommendations to overcome barriers include: capacity to deliver within an already overcrowded curriculum and clear specification of intervention components within a conceptual framework to facilitate evaluation. Our findings are generalisable across different contexts and are highly relevant to those involved in the development or adaptation, organisation or execution of national public health interventions: policy makers, guidelines developers, and staff involved in local organisation and delivery.

Published
2019
Full Text
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2. Covid-19: The Irish Public Health Experience

Author

C, Ni Bhuachalla, N, Murphy, M, O'Sullivan, M, O' Mahony, C, Buckley, C, Foley-Nolan, D, Murray, A, Brennan, and A, Sheahan

Subjects
Pneumonia, Viral, COVID-19, Humans, Public Health, Coronavirus Infections, Ireland, Pandemics
Published
2020

3. Barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainment of obesity prevention interventions in schoolchildren– a DEDIPAC case study

Author

Janas M. Harrington, C. Foley-Nolan, Catherine Hayes, Mary McCarthy, and MP O’Shea

Subjects
Male, Pediatric Obesity, medicine.medical_specialty, Facilitators, education, Psychological intervention, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Public-Private Sector Partnerships, Health Services Accessibility, Interviews as Topic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Implementation barriers, Program Development, Child, Exercise, Curriculum, School Health Services, Government, Medical education, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public health, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, Diet, Intervention (law), Incentive, Conceptual framework, Female, Obesity prevention, Thematic analysis, business, Ireland, School-based, Program Evaluation, Research Article
Abstract

Background The aim of the study was to explore the implementation of school based diet and physical activity interventions with respect to the barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainability; supportive actions required for implementation and recommendations to overcome identified barriers. Two interventions rolled out nationally in Ireland were chosen; Food Dudes, a programme to encourage primary school children to consume more fruit and vegetables and Green Schools Travel (GST), an active travel to school programme in primary and secondary schools. Trained school coordinators (teachers) cascade the programmes to other teaching staff. Methods Multiple case study design using qualitative semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders: primary and secondary school teachers, school coordinators, project coordinators/managers, funders and intermediaries. Fifteen interviews were conducted. Data were coded using a common categorization matrix. Thematic analysis was undertaken using the Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance elements of the RE-AIM implementation framework. Results Good working relationships within and across government departments, intermediaries and schools were critical for intervention adoption, successful implementation and sustainability. Organisational and leadership ability of coordinators were essential. Provision of participation incentives acted as motivators to engage children’s interest. A deep understanding of the lives of the target children was an important contextual factor. The importance of adaptation without compromising core components in enhancing intervention sustainability emerged. Successful implementation was hindered by: funding insecurity, school timetable constraints, broad rather than specific intervention core components, and lack of agreement on conduct of programme evaluation. Supportive actions for maintenance included ongoing political support, secure funding and pre-existing healthy lifestyle policies. Conclusions Successful implementation and scale up of public health anti-obesity interventions in schools is dependent on good contextual fit, engagement and leadership at multiple levels and secure funding. Recommendations to overcome barriers include: capacity to deliver within an already overcrowded curriculum and clear specification of intervention components within a conceptual framework to facilitate evaluation. Our findings are generalisable across different contexts and are highly relevant to those involved in the development or adaptation, organisation or execution of national public health interventions: policy makers, guidelines developers, and staff involved in local organisation and delivery. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6368-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2019

4. OP7 Barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainment of obesity prevention interventions in schoolchildren– a DEDIPAC case study

Author

Mary McCarthy, C. Foley-Nolan, Janas M. Harrington, MP O’Shea, and Catherine Hayes

Subjects
Government, medicine.medical_specialty, Medical education, business.industry, Public health, education, Psychological intervention, Intervention (law), Incentive, Conceptual framework, Medicine, Thematic analysis, business, Curriculum
Abstract

Background The aim of the study was to explore the implementation of school based diet and physical activity interventions with respect to the barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainability; supportive actions required for implementation and recommendations to overcome identified barriers. Two interventions rolled out nationally in Ireland were chosen; Food Dudes, a programme to encourage primary school children to consume more fruit and vegetables and an Active Travel to School Programme in primary and secondary schools. Trained school coordinators (teachers) cascade the programmes to other teaching staff. Methods Multiple case study design using qualitative semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders: primary and secondary school teachers, school coordinators, project coordinators/managers, funders and intermediaries. Fifteen interviews were conducted. Data were coded using a common categorization matrix. Thematic analysis was undertaken using the Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance elements of the RE-AIM implementation framework. Results Good working relationships within and across government departments, intermediaries and schools were critical for intervention adoption, successful implementation and sustainability. Organisational and leadership ability of coordinators was essential. Provision of participation incentives acted as motivators to engage children’s interest. A deep understanding of the lives of the target children was an important contextual factor. The importance of adaptation without compromising core components in enhancing intervention sustainability emerged. Successful implementation was hindered by: funding insecurity, school timetable constraints, broad rather than specific intervention core components, and lack of agreement on conduct of programme evaluation. Supportive actions for maintenance included ongoing political support, secure funding and pre-existing healthy lifestyle policies. Conclusion Successful implementation and scale up of public health anti-obesity interventions in schools is dependent on contextual factors, engagement and leadership at multiple levels and secure funding. Recommendations to overcome barriers include: capacity to deliver within an already overcrowded curriculum and clear specification of intervention components within a conceptual framework to facilitate evaluation. Our findings are generalisable across different contexts and are highly relevant to those involved in the development or adaptation, organisation or execution of national public health interventions; policy makers, guidelines developers, and staff involved in local organisation and delivery.

Published
2018

7. Investigation and management of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 associated with duck eggs, Ireland 2009 to 2011

Author

P, Garvey, P, McKeown, P, Kelly, M, Cormican, W, Anderson, A, Flack, S, Barron, N, De Lappe, J, Buckley, C, Cosgrove, D, Molloy, J, O' Connor, P, O' Sullivan, J, Matthews, M, Ward, A, Breslin, M B, O' Sullivan, K, Kelleher, A, McNamara, C, Foley-Nolan, H, Pelly, F, Cloak, and G, McGrane

Subjects
Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella Infections, Animal, Ducks, Eggs, Food Microbiology, Animals, Humans, Salmonella Food Poisoning, Ireland, Poultry Diseases, Disease Outbreaks
Abstract

Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 was a very rare cause of human illness in Ireland between 2000 and 2008, with only four human isolates from three patients being identified. Over a 19-month period between August 2009 and February 2011, 34 confirmed cases and one probable case of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 were detected, all of which had an MLVA pattern 2-10-NA-12-212 or a closely related pattern. The epidemiological investigations strongly supported a linkbetween illness and exposure to duck eggs. Moreover, S. Typhimurium with an MLVA pattern indistinguishable (or closely related) to the isolates from human cases, was identified in 22 commercial and backyard duck flocks, twelve of which were linked with known human cases. A range of control measures were taken at farm level, and advice was provided to consumers on the hygienic handling and cooking of duck eggs. Although no definitive link was established with a concurrent duck egg-related outbreak of S. Typhimurium DT8 in the United Kingdom, it seems likely that the two events were related. It may be appropriate for other countries with a tradition of consuming duck eggs to consider the need for measures to reduce the risk of similar outbreaks.

Published
2013

8. National scientific medical meeting 1995 abstracts

Author

S. Norris, C. Collins, J. Hegarty, C. O’Farrelly, J. Carton, L. Madrigal, D. P. O’Donoghue, H. Holloway, J. F. Fielding, W. Mullins, S. W. Hone, M. Donnelly, F. Powell, A. W. Blayney, E. A. Cahill, S. F. Daly, M. J. Turner, P. A. Sullivan, M. McLoughlin, M. M. Skelly, H. E. Mulcahy, T. Connell, C. Duggan, M. J. Duffy, A. Troy, K. Sheahan, A. Whelan, C. M. Herra, C. T. Keane, H. Johnson, B. Lee, E. Doherty, T. McDonnell, D. Mulherin, O. FitzGerald, B. Bresnihan, H. M. Hassett, A. Boyce, V. Greig, C. O’Herlihy, P. P. A. Smyth, E. F. Roche, I. McCormack, E. Tempany, M. J. Cullen, D. F. Smith, Y. McBrinn, B. Murray, R. Freaney, D. Keating, M. J. McKenna, J. A. O’Hare, H. Alam, Q. Raza, M. Geoghegan, S. Killalea, M. Hall, J. Feely, L. Kyne, B. O’Hara, M. Cullen, I. M. Rea, J. P. Donnelly, R. W. Stout, P. Lacey, M. J. Donnelly, J. McGrath, T. P. Hennessy, C. V. I. Timon, D. Hyde, H. X. Xia, M. Buckley, C. O’Morain, S. Keating, H. Xia, J. P. McGrath, R. C. Stuart, P. Lawlor, P. J. Byrne, T. N. Walsh, T. P. J. Hennessy, M. Duffy, M. Tubridy, J. Redmond, K. Monahan, R. P. Murphy, D. R. Headon, T. O’Gorman, F. M. O’Reilly, C. Darby, G. M. Murphy, A. Murphy, M. Codd, P. Dervan, D. Lawlor, S. O. Loughlin, N. Flanagan, R. Watson, L. Barnes, C. Kilgallen, E. Sweeney, A. Mynes, D. Mooney, I. Donoghue, O. Browne, J. A. Kirrane, D. McKenna, M. Young, E. O’Toole, S. O’Briain, U. Srinivasan, C. Feighery, N. Leonard, E. Jones, M. A. Moloney, D. G. Weir, M. Lawler, A. O’Neill, H. Gowing, D. Pamphilon, S. R. McCann, G. O’Toole, A. Orren, C. M. Seifer, D. C. Crowley, G. J. Sheehan, T. Deignan, J. Kelly, V. J. Tormey, J. Faul, C. Leonard, C. M. Burke, L. W. Poulter, S. Lynch, G. McEntee, O. Traynor, E. Barry, P. Costello, A. Keavney, R. Willoughby, C. O’Donnell, M. Cahill, A. Earley, P. Eustace, R. Osborne, C. Saidlear, B. Holmes, A. Early, A. P. Moran, A. Neisser, R. J. Polt, H. Bernheimer, M. Kainz, B. Schwerer, L. Gallagher, R. Firth, N. Kennedy, E. McGilloway, N. Tubridy, K. Shields, W. K. Cullen, M. J. Rowan, A. R. Moore, M. Rowan, D. Coakley, B. Lawlor, G. Swanwick, R. Al-Naeemi, R. Murphy, N. M. Codd, M. Goggins, N. P. Kennedy, B. L. Mallon, H. Mulcahy, M. Skelly, D. O. Donoghue, D. McCarthy, A. Saunders, D. J. Veale, J. J. F. Belch, D. Breathnach, E. Murphy, G. Kernohan, K. Gibson, A. G. Wilson, G. W. Duff, N. de Vries, L. B. A. van de Putte, J. Donoghue, F. O’Kelly, Z. Johnson, T. Maher, A. Moran, C. Keane, D. O’Neill, N. Horgan, J. M. Barragry, D. M. Campbell, M. Behan, P. R. O’Connell, V. S. Donnelly, D. Crowley, M. Geary, P. Boylan, M. Fanagan, K. Hickey, T. Teoh, M. Doyle, R. Harrison, D. Lyons, Y. Shenouda, M. Coughlan, P. McKenna, P. Lenehan, M. Foley, P. Kelehan, P. Ravichandran, M. Kelly, A. Conroy, C. Fitzpatrick, D. Egan, C. L. Regan, B. V. McAdam, P. McParland, G. A. FitzGerald, D. J. Fitzgerald, S. C. Sharma, K. Foran, C. Barry-Kinsella, R. F. Harrison, F. J. Gillespie, P. O’Mahony, M. Boyle, M. J. White, F. Donohoe, Y. Birrane, M. Naughton, R. B. Fitzsimons, M. Piracha, S. McConkey, E. Griffin, E. Hayes, T. Clarke, N. Parfrey, K. Butler, A. J. Malone, P. J. Kearney, P. F. Duggan, A. Lane, R. Keville, M. Turner, S. Barry, D. Sloan, S. Gallagher, M. Darby, P. Galligan, J. Stack, N. Walsh, M. O’Sullivan, M. Fitzgerald, D. Meagher, S. Browne, C. Larkin, P. Casey, E. O’Callaghan, S. Rooney, E. Walsh, M. Morris, T. Burke, M. Roe, C. Maher, M. Wrigley, M. Gill, M. Burgess, E. Corcoran, D. Walsh, B. Gilmer, C. B. Hayes, L. Thornton, J. Fogarty, R. Lyons, M. O’Connor, V. Delaney, K. Buckley, D. Lillis, V. Delany, C. Hayes, P. Dack, D. Igoe, H. J. O’Neill, P. Kelly, D. McKeown, L. Clancy, G. Varghese, S. Hennessy, J. J. Gilmartin, K. Birthistle, D. Carrington, H. Maguire, P. Atkinson, C. Foley-Nolan, M. Lynch, B. Cryan, D. Whyte, C. Conlon, V. Kucinskas, U. Usinskiene, I. Sakalyte, E. Dawson, K. Molloy, N. Goulden, J. Doyle, E. Lawlor, M. G. Harrington, N. El-Nageh, M. -L. Nolan, J. O’Riordan, G. Judge, G. Crotty, T. Finch, M. Borton, T. Barnes, O. Gilligan, G. Lee, R. Limmer, M. Madden, C. Bergin, A. O’Leary, F. Mulcahy, F. Wallis, M. Glennon, M. Cormican, U. NiRiain, M. Heiginbothom, F. Gannon, T. Smith, C. O’Sullivan, R. Hone, D. A. Caugant, C. A. P. Fijen, E. J. Van Schalkwyk, G. J. Coetzee, U. Ni Riain, M. G. Cormican, L. Park, J. Flynn, V. Regazzoli, M. Hayes, G. Nicholson, P. Higgins, N. Flynn, G. Corbett-Feeney, D. J. Conway, N. J. O’Higgins, S. Rajendiran, J. Byrne, E. Kilfeather, P. Dingle, M. Hunter, S. K. Al-Ghazal, P. Stanley, J. Palmer, A. Hong, P. Saxby, D. Sheehan, I. Regan, J. O’Mullane, M. Ni Chaoimh, M. Leahy, J. J. Heffron, M. Lehane, C. Keohane, N. O’Leary, M. Sheehan, E. Renny-Walsh, M. J. Whelton, C. T. Doyle, J. Webster, N. Benjamin, S. FitzGerald, J. S. Chadha, M. G. FitzGerald, G. R. FitzGerald, L. Hemeryck, P. McGettigan, J. Golden, N. Arthur, S. Y. Wen, P. Deegan, T. Cooke, G. I. Adebayo, P. Gaffney, M. Sinnot, D. O’Riordan, T. Hayes, C. M. O’Connor, M. X. FitzGerald, C. Costello, G. Finlay, J. Hayes, C. O’Connor, K. McMahon, S. Hone, J. Robertson, R. Coakley, S. O’Neill, M. Walsh, J. McCarthy, D. Lannon, A. E. Wood, R. Sharkey, E. Mulloy, M. Long, I. Kilgallen, V. Tormey, S. Horne, T. Feeney, Ó. Ó Muiré, M. J. Griffin, D. Hughes, A. Knaggs, D. Magee, C. McCrory, B. March, D. Phelan, M. White, J. Fabry, D. Buggy, C. Cooney, E. Aziz, D. O’Keefe, A. J. McShane, J. Boylan, E. Tobin, C. Motherway, F. Colreavy, N. Denish, R. Dwyer, A. Bergin, K. O’Brien, R. MacSullivan, K. D. Carson, W. P. Blunnie, D. C. Moriarty, B. Kinirons, B. Lyons, N. Cregg, W. Casey, K. P. Moore, S. A. Colbert, C. Ecoffey, D. O’Gorman, J. Fitzgerald, P. Diamond, M. B. Codd, D. D. Sugrue, J. Kellett, M. Tighe, C. J. McKenna, J. Galvin, H. A. McCann, A. Scallon, A. Fraser, M. Norton, G. Tomkin, I. Graham, A. Byrne, M. Maher, N. Moran, D. Fitzgerald, D. O’Callaghan, D. Coyle, A. G. Nugent, C. McGurk, G. D. Johnston, A. Nugent, B. Silke, N. Murphy, L. Jennings, D. Pratico, C. Doyle, T. Hennessy, H. McCann, D. Sugrue, S. Donnelly, A. Hennessy, C. Hartigan, D. MacDonald, S. Blake, D. McDonald, D. Dominque, S. R. McMechan, G. MacKenzie, J. Allen, G. T. Wright, G. J. Dempsey, M. Crawley, J. Anderson, A. A. J. Adgey, M. T. Harbinson, N. P. S. Campbell, C. M. Wilson, P. K. Ellis, E. M. McIlrath, A. McShane, T. V. Keaveny, K. Rabenstein, F. Scheller, D. Pfeiffer, C. Urban, I. Moser, G. Jobst, A. Manz, S. Verpoorte, F. Dempsey, D. Diamond, M. Smyth, E. Dempsey, V. Hamilton, J. Twomey, R. Crowley, L. Fenelon, F. Walsh, J. McCann, P. McDonagh, E. McGovern, D. Luke, K. Crowley, D. Mannion, D. Murphy, K. Clarkson, E. Carton, I. Leonard, D. O’Toole, M. Staunton, M. Griffin, D. Owens, P. Collins, A. Johnson, G. H. Tomkin, N. A. Herity, J. D. Allen, R. O’Moore, G. M. Crotty, M. DeArce, K. Nikookam, P. Keenan, D. Cregan, N. O’Meara, S. Forman, D. A. Cusack, and B. Farrell

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family medicine, medicine, MEDLINE, General Medicine, business
Published
1995

9. National Scientific Medical Meeting 1994 Abstracts

Author

M. J. Turner, J. Upton, T. P. J. Hennessy, P. Kelehan, A. D. Crockard, Paul A. McGettigan, M. Grouden, Y. A. Cusack, Catherine Curran, B. Cryan, C. Pidgeon, T. G. Cooke, E. Shorten, B. M. Kinsella, P. Sweeney, A. Southey, S. G. Richardson, M. Sheehan, E. R. Horwitz, J. Belch, E. Griffin, E. Healy, A. Oakhill, H. Johnson, P. Shah, A. Kinsella, P. A O’Connell, P. Humphries, P. Lenehan, S. Fanning, C. N. Pidgeon, D. Pamphilon, M. T. P. Caldwell, B. Tuohy, P. Dack, J. Murphy, P. Gaffney, Fiona M. Stevens, C. Bergin, A. Locasciulli, G. Nolan, M. Kearns, D. F. Smith, J. P. H. Fee, I. Reid, Muiris X. Fitzgerald, T. Cawley, G. Swanwick, U. Kondaveeti, F. Davidson, A. Early, D. Noone, S. Farrell, A. Hale, C. M. Costello, L. English, Colm O'Herlihy, B. Crowley, J. F. Lyons, P. Kent, D. Coakley, M. Geary, L. J. Egan, M. Hogan, G. A. FitzGerald, P. White, R. Merriman, Mary Leader, M. Fitzgerald, N. AlAnsari, H. P. Singh, N. Mahmud, Sarah Rogers, T. Conlon, J. O’Shea, C. Larkin, Norman Delanty, L. Maguire, J. Mahady, J. T. Ennis, E. Creamer, R. P. Kernan, I. Temperley, M. Hargrove, J. Joseph Walshe, J. M. T. Redmond, B. Gilmer, Michael Hutchinson, J. Woof, K. D. Carson, C. Darby, D. Lyons, Michael T. Dawson, G. Gibson, A. B. Atkinson, J. A. Lawson, N. Ryall, D. S. O’Briain, R. Pilkington, W. Blunnie, T. Donoghue, D. M. O’Hanlon, S. Coulter-Smith, James R. Docherty, G. Mortimer, Enda W. McDermott, C. Conlon, T. Cooke, B. Hennelly, P. Boylan, P. Lawlor, S. Young, B. Marsh, R. J. Cunney, S. Lynch, W. O’Connor, M. C. Prabhakar, G. Dempsey, C. Fitzpatrick, L. Boissel, P. O’Callaghan, Terry J. Smith, B. P. McMahon, F. M. Ryan, D. Allcut, Sinead O’Neill, Emer Shelley, M. Coca-Prados, J. Lawson, E. G. Smyth, J. Geraghty, C. A. Whelan, M. Goggins, R.J. Cunney, B. McGeeney, A. J. Cunningham, P. Eustace, K. Carson, B. Sheridan, D. Powell, C. Foley-Nolan, P. M. Byrne, L. Barnes, G. King, C. Cullen, Maria A. O'Connell, Shaun Gallagher, G. J. Fitzpatrick, J. Mulhall, M. G. Mott, E. Shanahan, S. Murphy, D. Buggy, Cliona O'Farrelly, M. Buckley, T. M. Murray, G. McQuoid, D. O’Riordain, P. M. Bell, P. McNamara, P. Byrne, M. P. Colgan, S. Hone, T. J. McKenna, R. McManus, D. O’Neill, M. R. N. Darling, Aaj Adgey, P. Campbell, T. Finch, M. Robson, H. C. Loughrey, P. Foster, C. O’Keane, G. I. Adebayo, J. McEnri, J. D. Allen, Martin Cormican, C. Timon, E. O’Mongain, V. S. Donnelly, E. Corcoran, J. J. Gilmartin, M.J. Duffy, Brian J. Harvey, Peter P.A. Smyth, J. O. L DeLancey, Desmond J. Fitzgerald, J. Wang, T. Larkin, C. Barry-Kinsella, T. O’Connell, E. O’Callaghan, A Jefferson, G. D. Johnston, N. Shepard, A. L. Kennedy, I. M. Rea, C. F. McCarthy, D. Kerr, Margaret McLaren, G. Z. Kaminski, Hugh Staunton, P. Grainger, M. Norton, F. Lavin, B. F. McAdam, M. Maguire, R. Rafferty, M. Caldwell, R. Hone, C. M. MacDonagh-White, Dermot Kelleher, R. Namushi, G. MacKenzie, Michael J. Kerin, James Bernard Walsh, Mark Lawler, A. K. Cherukuri, U. Fearon, M. Doran, S. Orwa, J. Liu, N. Al fnAnsari, A. P. Heaney, K. Tipton, M. Glennon, H. Grimes, S. Hamilton, C. Smith, C. M. Kilgallen, Thomas Barry, R. Horgan, C. Saidtéar, V. Urbach, A. B. P. Cullinane, M. A. Christie, K. Daly, L. Madrigal, D. R. Hadden, C. McCreary, Q. Razza, Catherine Hayes, T. Walsh, T. Clarke, E. T. Burke, S. Liston, D. Mulherin, M. P. Reilly, D. Tansey, N. Cannon, V. P. Coffey, A. A. El-Magbri, D. P. O’Donoghue, P. W. N. Keeling, Jack Phillips, L. Condren, Jill J. F. Belch, J. R. Anderson, B. McAdam, Reza Mofidi, F. Hegarty, J. Kavanagh, Frances J. Hayes, D. Murray, E. Holmes, J. Fenton, J. Strattan, G. D. Wright, D. H. Hill, H. G. Nelson, A. C. Moloney, J. Goh, C. S. McArdle, G. Loughrey, J. Phillips, J. Fennell, T. Aherne, J. Stronge, S. Lewis, Kieran Sheahan, T. Markham, Madeline Murphy, P. J. Byrne, B. Harding, R. Hitchcock, M. Bourke, J. McSweeney, K. Colgan, Z. Johnson, D. Cotter, R. F. Harrison, Patricia Fitzpatrick, J. Feely, J. Crowe, H. F. Given, A. Mofidi, M. Hynes, E. B. McNamara, Michael J. Turner, T. Woods, Blánaid Hayes, J. Tyrrell, E. O’Toole, G. G. Lavery, A. M. Deveney, A. J. McShane, O. Bradley, B. Blackwood, O. White, L. W. Poulter, H. Maguire, E. S. Prosser, N. Dowd, Michael Kennedy, Peter J. Kelly, John J. O'Leary, K. Hickey, B. C. Morrow, P. Oslizlok, Malachi J. McKenna, J. Fabry, R. Chander, D. Clarke, C. O’Sullivan, M. O’Reilly, M. M. Young, F. Abuaisha, Clare O'Connor, N. A. Herity, J. Toland, D. Buckley, G. Kirk, E. Maguire, Cecily Kelleher, I. Hillary, H. D. Alexander, R. Keimowitz, L. H. Murray, S. Hennessy, D. Whyte, K. Holmes, M. S. Robson, J. Stratton, Conor T. Keane, B. Kanagaratnam, A. Heffernan, J. Golden, Anthony O'Grady, A. Tobin, J. I. O’Riordan, D. Sloan, Niall O'Higgins, A. Vance, A. Foot, B. Murphy, F. Mulvany, P. C. Sham, J. Higgins, P. M. Mercer, G. Browne, Y. Young, H. J. Gallagher, Thomas F. Gorey, A. Lane, Nollaig A. Parfrey, P. R. O’Connell, J. O’Neill, J. Adgey, Z. Imam, R. O’Sullivan, D. Maguire, L. Thornton, L. Drury, Douglas J. Veale, M. Reilly, M. Eljamel, A. W. Murphy, J. Laundon, M. Reidy, E. Ryan, A. Bacigalupo, C. O’Shaughnessy, B. Silke, R. A. Greene, J. P. McGrath, Connail McCrory, C. T. Keane, S. McMechan, J. Strangeways, T. O’Gorman, Malcolm D. Smith, M. Madden, G. Nicholson, B. O’Shea, A. McCann, M. Foley, G. Gearty, J. Hosseini, R. O’Moore, A. Taylor, A. M. Hetherton, Elizabeth Smyth, John V. Reynolds, J. A. B. Keogh, John Bonnar, D. Cafferty, D. Graham, J. R. Lennon, Barry Bresnihan, B. Denham, R. Holliman, M. B. O’Connor, Y. K. Tay, Padraic MacMathuna, M. S. Eljamel, H. Osborne, G. Shanik, S. M. Lavelle, R. Watson, Premkumar, M. Byrne, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe, S. Sharif, S. Killalea, E. Zimmermann, K. Kengasu, D. Duff, A. Hickey, D. McShane, J. Fogarty, M. Geoghegan, G. O’Reilly, T. Scott, P. Killeen, T. Kinsella, E. McIlrath, Helen M. Byrne, M. Borton, R. A. Rusk, J. M. McGinley, P. L. Yeoh, D. Warde, R. Stanwell-Smith, John Newell, M. Greer, David J. Brayden, E. M. Lavelle, C. D’Arrigo, J. McManus, R. Gonsalves, Barbara Murray, P. Murphy, G. D’Arcy, Camillus K. Power, N. Hughes, P. M. E. McCormack, R. Dwyer, N. Iman, R. B. Fitzsimons, S. C. Sharma, M. Carmody, Stewart R. Walsh, Gillian M. Murphy, E. McGuinness, L. Kevin, E. Barrett, S. K. Cunningham, A. Orren, S. Ni Scanaill, Karl Gaffney, P. McCormack, M. Martin, J. Malone, E. L. Egan, M. J. Walshe, D. Walsh, S. Kaf Al-Ghazal, M. Kuliszewski, S. Blankson, J. R. Sutherst, M. Lynch, M. T. Thornton, I. Boylan, Fiona Mulcahy, Oliver FitzGerald, T. N. Walsh, Y. Wen, K. McQuaid, D. R. McCance, M. Hall, U. Ni Riain, J. Hollyer, Michael Walsh, J. Donohoe, J. Doherty, D. Carney, D. J. Moore, S. E. Lawlor, K. Birthistle, H. S. Khoo Tan, A. M. Powell, G. Boyle, C. Burke, D. Veale, E. Lawlor, L. Zimmerman, M. Stewart, L. Hemeryck, Conor Burke, Irene B. Hillary, A. Pooransingh, K. Butler, P. W. Johnston, Daniel Rawluk, N. Foreman, M. J. Conran, B. L. Sheppard, P. Gilligan, D. Keane, E. Mulligan, D. Phelan, J. G. Kelly, J. Stack, Y. McBrinn, E. Sweeney, S. Calvert, E. A. Maguire, E. Keane, D. McKeogh, M. Post, S. N. Tham, P. Connolly, A. C. Gordon, Frank Gannon, Rosemarie Freaney, C. Collins, J. F. Malone, B. Moule, C. Saidlear, Seamus Sreenan, S. Teahan, J. McCann, J. Dixon, C. Quigley, J. L. Waddington, D. Maher, I. Graham, Diarmaid Hughes, S. Thomas, A. O’Leary, K. Carroll, A. M. Bourke, J. Candal Couto, N. Nolan, R. Harper, D. P. O’Brien, T. C. M. Morris, E. O’Leary, Michael M. Maher, M. White, C. Hallahan, N. Ni Scannlain, Colm O'Morain, E. Hayes, Luke Clancy, B. Stuart, P. Crean, J. Dowling, I. Cree, M. A. Heneghan, B. Cassidy, C. A. Barnes, Donald G. Weir, J. Flynn, E. Clarke, J. Stinson, N. Gardiner, R. Mulcahy, B. J. Harvey, Gerald C. O'Sullivan, G. S. A. McDonald, P. Costigan, P. O’Connor, D. Carrington, J. Goulding, C. Sheehan, A. Kitching, Conleth Feighery, M. LaFoy, E. Coleman, S. Pathmakanthan, C. Condon, S. B. Grimes, J. M. O’Donoghue, J. Hildebrand, Gerard Bury, A. W. Clare, S. Feely, S. R. McCann, J. A. O’Hare, B. E. Kelly, A. Moloney, M. Donnelly, D. O’Meara, and A. Chan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family medicine, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Medicine, General Medicine, business, medicine.disease_cause
Published
1994

11. Continued raw milk consumption on farms: why?

Author

H, Hegarty, M B, O'Sullivan, J, Buckley, and C, Foley-Nolan

Subjects
Interviews as Topic, Family Characteristics, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Milk, Risk Factors, Food Microbiology, Animals, Humans, Agriculture, Ireland, Diet
Abstract

The potential dangers associated with drinking unpasteurized milk have been highlighted over recent years. Nevertheless, the vast majority of Irish farming families persist in the practice. This qualitative study was undertaken to ascertain the reasons why. It was found that farmers generally believe their milk to be risk free on the basis of 'routine' test results. They also believe it to be of better quality than pasteurised milk, in addition to being the cheaper option. Adherence to tradition is another factor. The targeting of a more informed, credible public health message which takes account of commonly held, and understandable, views among the farming community is proposed.

Published
2002

12. United front--veterinary and medical collaboration

Author

C, Foley-Nolan, J, Buckley, E, O'Sullivan, and B, Cryan

Subjects
Adult, Male, Veterinary Medicine, Salmonella Infections, Animal, Adolescent, Swine, Incidence, Disease Outbreaks, Milk, Risk Factors, Epidemiological Monitoring, Salmonella Infections, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Animals, Humans, Cattle, Clinical Medicine, Cooperative Behavior, Water Microbiology, Chickens, Ireland, Disease Reservoirs, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Four cases of concomitant animal and human Salmonellosis were investigated. Liaison took place between veterinary, public health medical and environmental health professionals. An epidemiological association between veterinary and medical disease outbreaks was established following cases in a dairy unit, a poultry unit, a calf rearing unit and one pig and dairy unit (on the same farm). In three cases clinical disease in animals preceded clinical disease in humans while in the fourth case, the poultry unit, salmonella isolations from poultry carcasses coincided with clinical salmonellosis in a human working with the live poultry. Important epidemiological factors are identified. The problems of delay in seeking veterinary advice, compartmentalisation of veterinary and medical practices, and the benefits of direct collaboration between veterinary and medical professionals in the event of a diagnosis of salmonellosis in animals and/or humans are highlighted. A collaborative reporting and liaison model is proposed.

Published
1998

13. Survey of immunity to measles in schoolchildren in Cork

Author

C, Foley-Nolan, C, Conlon, E, Keane, M, O'Sullivan, and F, Ryan

Subjects
Adolescent, Immunization Programs, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Child, Preschool, Immunity, Prevalence, Humans, Child, Saliva, Ireland, Measles
Abstract

Surveillance of measles in the Republic of Ireland has relied until now on notifications of clinically diagnosed infections and a manual system for monitoring coverage. In the light of a measles epidemic predicted in the United Kingdom in 1995, it was considered timely to review the epidemiology of measles and obtain baseline seroepidemiological data on measles immunity in Cork City in the Republic of Ireland. The age specific prevalence of measles IgG in saliva from 2000 schoolchildren aged 5 to 15 years was determined. The study also compared susceptibility rates in children with and without a history of measles vaccination or infection. Histories provided by parents were found to be unreliable in informing vaccination practice, as 79 of the 102 seronegative children would have been classified as immune. The proportion of children immune to measles, as gauged by seropositivity, was 91.9% in children aged 5 to 10 years and 95.8% in 11 to 15 year olds. The implications of the study results are discussed in relation to future prevention and control strategies.

Published
1996

14. Meningococcus: a menace in Cork?

Author

F M, Ryan, C, Foley-Nolan, E, Keane, M, O'Sullivan, J, Clair, B, Cryan, and E, O'Murchu

Subjects
Male, Meningococcal Infections, Survival Rate, Age Distribution, Incidence, Communicable Disease Control, Humans, Female, Sex Distribution, Ireland, Aged
Abstract

A review of laboratory isolates and notifications of meningococcal disease in the Cork area was conducted for the period 1989-93. The study aimed to describe the epidemiology of meningococcal disease in the area. The incidence of meningococcal disease is high in the Cork area and has been increasing since 1991 with a peak incidence of laboratory confirmed cases of 6.5 per 100,000 in 1993. In the five year review period 113 notifications of meningococcal disease were identified of which 61 (54%) were laboratory confirmed and 52 (46%) were clinically diagnosed only. All laboratory confirmed cases had been notified to the local Director of Community Care/Medical Officer of Health. Group C organisms comprised two-thirds of isolates in 1992 and 1993. Comparison of regional and national incidence rates must be based on laboratory confirmed cases as the criteria for diagnosis and completeness of notifications may vary. A National Infectious Disease Surveillance Centre is vital for monitoring trends and for the coordinated development of a national policy on control and prevention of meningococcal disease.

Published
1996

15. Inaugural national scientific medical meeting

Author

P. Noonan Walsh, C. Conliffe, A. S. Abdulkadir, P. Kelehan, R. Conroy, M. Foley, P. Lenehan, J. F. Murphy, J. Stronge, B. Cantwell, C. Wright, M. Millward, M. Carpenter, T. Lennard, R. Wilson, C. Home, A. R. Corbett, G. O’Sullivan, J. K. Collins, M. Doran, E. W. M. McDermott, P. Mercer, P. Smyth, N. J. O’Higgins, M. J. Duffy, D. Reilly, E. McDermott, C. Faul, J. J. Fennelly, N. O’Higgins, S. Lowry, H. Russell, R. Atkinson, I. Hickey, F. O’Brien, A. O’Mahony, M. O’Donoghue, M. Pomeroy, E. S. Prosser, F. Barker, M. Casey, K. Carroll, M. Davis, G. Duffy, R. O’Kennedy, P. P. A. Smyth, D. O’Carroll, A. M. Hetherton, E. Coveney, V. McAlister, M. J. Murray, D. J. Brayden, A. O’Hora, J. Street, J. O’Leary, A. M. Pollock, M. Crowley, I. Healy, J. Murphy, R. Landers, L. Burke, D. O’Brien, P. Annis, J. Hogan, W. Kealy, F. A. Lewis, C. T. Doyle, M. Callaghan, A. Whelan, C. Feighery, B. Bresnihan, D. Kelleher, G. Reams, A. Murphy, N. Hall, E. B. Casey, D. Mulherin, E. Doherty, G. Yanni, E. Wallace, J. Jackson, M. Bennett, O. Tighe, H. Mulcahy, D. O’Donoghue, D. T. Croke, R. J. Cahill, S. Beattie, H. Hamilton, C. O’Morain, B. Corridan, R. A. Collins, C. A. O’Morain, E. Fitzgerald, J. M. Gilvarry, M. Leader, J. F. Fielding, B. T. Johnson, S. A. Lewis, A. H. G. Love, B. T. Johnston, J. S. A. Collins, R. J. McFarland, P. W. Johnston, B. J. Collins, C. M. Kilgallen, G. M. Murphy, G. M. Markey, J. A. McCormack, R. C. Curry, T. C. M. Morris, H. D. Alexander, S. Edgar, M. Treacy, M. A. O’Connell, D. G. Weir, J. Sheehan, G. O’Loughlin, O. Traynor, N. Walsh, H. X. Xia, M. A. Daw, C. T. Keane, C. Dupont, G. Gibson, E. McGinnity, J. Walshe, M. Carmody, J. Donohoe, P. McGrath, R. O’Moore, E. Kieran, S. Rogers, K. E. McKenna, M. Walsh, E. A. Bingham, A. E. Hughes, N. C. Nevin, D. J. Todd, C. F. Stanford, M. E. Callender, D. Burrows, D. G. Paige, G. E. Allen, D. P. O’Brien, D. B. Gough, C. Phelan, H. F. Given, S. Zia Kamal, S. Kehoe, S. Coldicott, D. Luesley, K. Ward, H. F. MacDonnell, S. Mullins, I. Gordon, L. A. Norris, M. Devitt, J. Bonnar, S. C. Sharma, B. L. Sheppard, R. Fitzsimons, S. Kingston, M. Garvey, H. M. C. V. Hoey, J. F. T. Glasgow, R. Moore, P. H. Robinson, E. Murphy, J. F. A. Murphy, A. E. Wood, P. Sweeney, M. Neligan, D. MacLeod, G. Cunnane, P. Kelly, P. Corcoran, L. Clancy, R. M. Drury, M. I. Drury, D. Powell, R. G. R. Firth, T. Jones, B. F. Ferris, W. O’Flynn, J. O’Donnell, S. M. Kingston, F. Cunningham, G. M. E. Hinds, D. R. McCluskey, F. Howell, M. O’Mahony, J. Devlin, O. O’Reilly, C. Buttanshaw, S. Jennings, E. R. Keane, C. Foley-Nolan, F. M. Ryan, M. Taylor, R. A. Lyons, F. O’Kelly, J. Mason, D. Carroll, K. Doherty, M. Flynn, R. O’Dwyer, J. J. Gilmartin, C. F. McCarthy, C. Armstrong, D. Mannion, T. Feely, G. Fitzpatrick, C. M. Cooney, J. Chin Aleong, R. Rooney, J. Lyons, D. M. Phelan, G. P. Joshi, S. M. McCarroll, W. P. Blunnie, T. M. O’Brien, D. C. Moriarty, J. Brangan, C. P. Kelly, P. Kenny, H. Gallagher, E. McGovern, D. Luke, D. Lowe, T. Rice, D. Phelan, J. B. Lyons, F. M. Lyons, D. M. McCoy, J. McGinley, J. Hurley, P. McDonagh, J. J. Crowley, S. M. Donnelly, M. Tobin, O. Fitzgerald, B. J. Maurer, P. J. Quigley, G. King, E. B. Duly, T. R. Trinick, D. Boyle, G. B. Wisdom, F. Geoghegan, P. B. Collins, C. Goss, K. Younger, P. Mathias, I. Graham, S. W. MacGowan, P. Sidhu, D. J. McEneaney, D. J. Cochrane, A. A. J. Adgey, J. M. Anderson, J. Moriarty, C. Fahy, A. Lavender, L. Lynch, C. McGovern, A. M. Nugent, D. Neely, I. Young, I. McDowell, M. O’Kane, D. P. Nicholls, D. McEneaney, D. P. Nichols, N. P. S. Campbell, G. C. Campbell, M. I. Halliday, A. F. O’Donnell, M. Lonergan, T. Ahearne, J. O’Neill, T. V. Keaveny, D. Ramsbottom, D. Boucher-Hayes, R. Sheahan, M. T. Garadaha, D. Kidney, P. Freyne, G. Gearty, P. Crean, H. P. Singh, M. Hargrove, K. Subareddy, J. P. Hurley, W. O’Rourke, C. O’Connor, M. X. FitzGerald, T. J. McDonnell, R. Chan, J. Stinson, L. Hemeryck, J. Feely, M. P. Chopra, A. Sivner, S. M. Sadiq, E. Abernathy, L. Plant, C. P. Bredin, P. Hickey, G. Slevin, K. McCrory, M. Long, P. Conlon, F. Walker, P. Fitzgerald, S. J. O’Neill, C. M. O’Connor, C. Quigley, S. Donnelly, A. Southey, E. Healy, F. Mulcahy, D. J. Lyons, J. Keating, C. O’Mahony, D. Roy, A. G. Shattock, I. B. Hillary, A. Waiz, R. Hossain, B. Chakraborthy, L. P. Clancy, L. O’Reilly, C. Byrne, E. Costello, E. O’Shaughnessy, B. Cryan, J. Farrell, J. J. Walshe, G. J. Mellotte, C. A. Ho, S. H. Morgan, M. R. Bending, and J. Bonner

Subjects
Medical education, business.industry, Medicine, General Medicine, business, Article
Published
1993

16. Practicalities and Yield from Mass Swabbing for COVID-19 in Residential Care Facilities in the South of Ireland.

Author

Bambury N MD, Barrett PM PhD, Crompton J BSc, O'Mahony MT FFPHMI, O'Sullivan MB FFPHMI, Murray DE FFPHMI, Foley Nolan C FFPHMI, and Sheahan A FFPHMI

Abstract

Over 19,000 residents and health-care workers in 315 RCFs were swabbed in a once - off mass swabbing of residents and staff in residential care facilities (RCFs) in the Cork/Kerry region in Ireland in April and May 2020. This exercise was in response to epidemiological evidence demonstrating increasing community transmission of COVID-19 and emerging evidence of the vulnerability of older persons, particularly those with underlying medical conditions. The effectiveness of such strategies is uncertain and may depend on both the positive case yield and efficiency of testing turn-around to ensure that timely control measures are put in place. The overall positivity rate was 0.88% (n = 172). Mass swabbing allowed early identification of some new cases and outbreaks in RCFs. This facilitated early public health interventions to protect the most vulnerable members of society.

Published
2022
Full Text
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17. Covid-19: The Irish Public Health Experience.

Author

Ni Bhuachalla C, Murphy N, O'Sullivan M, O' Mahony M, Buckley C, Foley-Nolan C, Murray D, Brennan A, and Sheahan A

Subjects
COVID-19, Humans, Ireland epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections prevention & control, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Pandemics prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, Pneumonia, Viral prevention & control, Pneumonia, Viral transmission, Public Health
Published
2020

18. Barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainment of obesity prevention interventions in schoolchildren- a DEDIPAC case study.

Author

Hayes CB, O'Shea MP, Foley-Nolan C, McCarthy M, and Harrington JM

Subjects
Child, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Ireland, Male, Program Evaluation, Diet methods, Exercise, Pediatric Obesity prevention & control, Program Development methods, Public-Private Sector Partnerships statistics & numerical data, School Health Services statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to explore the implementation of school based diet and physical activity interventions with respect to the barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainability; supportive actions required for implementation and recommendations to overcome identified barriers. Two interventions rolled out nationally in Ireland were chosen; Food Dudes, a programme to encourage primary school children to consume more fruit and vegetables and Green Schools Travel (GST), an active travel to school programme in primary and secondary schools. Trained school coordinators (teachers) cascade the programmes to other teaching staff., Methods: Multiple case study design using qualitative semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders: primary and secondary school teachers, school coordinators, project coordinators/managers, funders and intermediaries. Fifteen interviews were conducted. Data were coded using a common categorization matrix. Thematic analysis was undertaken using the Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance elements of the RE-AIM implementation framework., Results: Good working relationships within and across government departments, intermediaries and schools were critical for intervention adoption, successful implementation and sustainability. Organisational and leadership ability of coordinators were essential. Provision of participation incentives acted as motivators to engage children's interest. A deep understanding of the lives of the target children was an important contextual factor. The importance of adaptation without compromising core components in enhancing intervention sustainability emerged. Successful implementation was hindered by: funding insecurity, school timetable constraints, broad rather than specific intervention core components, and lack of agreement on conduct of programme evaluation. Supportive actions for maintenance included ongoing political support, secure funding and pre-existing healthy lifestyle policies., Conclusions: Successful implementation and scale up of public health anti-obesity interventions in schools is dependent on good contextual fit, engagement and leadership at multiple levels and secure funding. Recommendations to overcome barriers include: capacity to deliver within an already overcrowded curriculum and clear specification of intervention components within a conceptual framework to facilitate evaluation. Our findings are generalisable across different contexts and are highly relevant to those involved in the development or adaptation, organisation or execution of national public health interventions: policy makers, guidelines developers, and staff involved in local organisation and delivery.

Published
2019
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19. Energy drinks available in Ireland: a description of caffeine and sugar content.

Author

Keaver L, Gilpin S, Fernandes da Silva JC, Buckley C, and Foley-Nolan C

Subjects
Cross-Sectional Studies, Food Labeling, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Caffeine analysis, Dietary Sugars analysis, Energy Drinks analysis
Abstract

Objective: To describe the caffeine and sugar content of all energy drinks available on the island of Ireland., Design: Two retail outlets were selected from each of: multinational, convenience and discount stores in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, and all available single-serve energy drinks were purchased. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in February 2015 and brand name, price, volume, caffeine and sugar content were recorded for each product. Descriptive analysis was performed., Results: Seventy-eight products were identified on the island of Ireland (regular, n 59; diet/sugar-free/light, n 19). Caffeine and sugar content was in the range of 14-35 mg and 2·9-15·6 g per 100 ml, respectively. Mean caffeine content of 102·2 mg per serving represents 25·6 % of the maximum intake advised for adults by the European Food Safety Authority. Per serving, mean sugar content of regular energy drinks was 37 g. This exceeds WHO recommendations for maximum daily sugar intake of <5 % of total energy intake (25 g for adults consuming 8368 kJ (2000 kcal) diet). If displaying front-of-pack labelling, fifty-seven of the fifty-nine regular energy drinks would receive a Food Standards Agency 'red' colour-coded label for sugar., Conclusions: Energy drinks are freely available on the island of Ireland and all products surveyed can be defined as highly caffeinated products. This has potential health issues particularly for children and adolescents where safe limits of caffeine have not been determined. Energy drinks surveyed also contained high levels of sugar and could potentially contribute to weight gain and adverse dental health effects.

Published
2017
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20. Investigation and management of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 associated with duck eggs, Ireland 2009 to 2011.

Author

Garvey P, McKeown P, Kelly P, Cormican M, Anderson W, Flack A, Barron S, De Lappe N, Buckley J, Cosgrove C, Molloy D, O' Connor J, O' Sullivan P, Matthews J, Ward M, Breslin A, O' Sullivan MB, Kelleher K, McNamara A, Foley-Nolan C, Pelly H, and Cloak F

Subjects
Animals, Food Microbiology, Humans, Ireland epidemiology, Poultry Diseases microbiology, Poultry Diseases transmission, Salmonella Food Poisoning microbiology, Salmonella Food Poisoning transmission, Salmonella Infections, Animal epidemiology, Salmonella Infections, Animal microbiology, Salmonella Infections, Animal transmission, Disease Outbreaks, Ducks microbiology, Eggs microbiology, Poultry Diseases epidemiology, Salmonella Food Poisoning epidemiology, Salmonella typhimurium isolation & purification
Abstract

Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 was a very rare cause of human illness in Ireland between 2000 and 2008, with only four human isolates from three patients being identified. Over a 19-month period between August 2009 and February 2011, 34 confirmed cases and one probable case of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 were detected, all of which had an MLVA pattern 2-10-NA-12-212 or a closely related pattern. The epidemiological investigations strongly supported a linkbetween illness and exposure to duck eggs. Moreover, S. Typhimurium with an MLVA pattern indistinguishable (or closely related) to the isolates from human cases, was identified in 22 commercial and backyard duck flocks, twelve of which were linked with known human cases. A range of control measures were taken at farm level, and advice was provided to consumers on the hygienic handling and cooking of duck eggs. Although no definitive link was established with a concurrent duck egg-related outbreak of S. Typhimurium DT8 in the United Kingdom, it seems likely that the two events were related. It may be appropriate for other countries with a tradition of consuming duck eggs to consider the need for measures to reduce the risk of similar outbreaks.

Published
2013

22. Continued raw milk consumption on farms: why?

Author

Hegarty H, O'Sullivan MB, Buckley J, and Foley-Nolan C

Subjects
Agriculture, Animals, Family Characteristics, Food Microbiology, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Ireland, Risk Factors, Diet, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Milk microbiology
Abstract

The potential dangers associated with drinking unpasteurized milk have been highlighted over recent years. Nevertheless, the vast majority of Irish farming families persist in the practice. This qualitative study was undertaken to ascertain the reasons why. It was found that farmers generally believe their milk to be risk free on the basis of 'routine' test results. They also believe it to be of better quality than pasteurised milk, in addition to being the cheaper option. Adherence to tradition is another factor. The targeting of a more informed, credible public health message which takes account of commonly held, and understandable, views among the farming community is proposed.

Published
2002

23. United front--veterinary and medical collaboration.

Author

Foley-Nolan C, Buckley J, O'Sullivan E, and Cryan B

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Cattle, Chickens, Clinical Medicine, Cooperative Behavior, Environmental Monitoring methods, Epidemiological Monitoring, Humans, Incidence, Ireland, Male, Milk microbiology, Risk Factors, Salmonella Infections epidemiology, Salmonella Infections therapy, Salmonella Infections, Animal epidemiology, Salmonella Infections, Animal therapy, Swine, Veterinary Medicine, Water Microbiology, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Disease Reservoirs, Disease Transmission, Infectious prevention & control, Salmonella Infections transmission, Salmonella Infections, Animal transmission
Abstract

Four cases of concomitant animal and human Salmonellosis were investigated. Liaison took place between veterinary, public health medical and environmental health professionals. An epidemiological association between veterinary and medical disease outbreaks was established following cases in a dairy unit, a poultry unit, a calf rearing unit and one pig and dairy unit (on the same farm). In three cases clinical disease in animals preceded clinical disease in humans while in the fourth case, the poultry unit, salmonella isolations from poultry carcasses coincided with clinical salmonellosis in a human working with the live poultry. Important epidemiological factors are identified. The problems of delay in seeking veterinary advice, compartmentalisation of veterinary and medical practices, and the benefits of direct collaboration between veterinary and medical professionals in the event of a diagnosis of salmonellosis in animals and/or humans are highlighted. A collaborative reporting and liaison model is proposed.

Published
1998

24. Survey of immunity to measles in schoolchildren in Cork.

Author

Foley-Nolan C, Conlon C, Keane E, O'Sullivan M, and Ryan F

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Immunity, Immunization Programs, Ireland epidemiology, Measles epidemiology, Measles prevention & control, Prevalence, Saliva immunology, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Measles immunology
Abstract

Surveillance of measles in the Republic of Ireland has relied until now on notifications of clinically diagnosed infections and a manual system for monitoring coverage. In the light of a measles epidemic predicted in the United Kingdom in 1995, it was considered timely to review the epidemiology of measles and obtain baseline seroepidemiological data on measles immunity in Cork City in the Republic of Ireland. The age specific prevalence of measles IgG in saliva from 2000 schoolchildren aged 5 to 15 years was determined. The study also compared susceptibility rates in children with and without a history of measles vaccination or infection. Histories provided by parents were found to be unreliable in informing vaccination practice, as 79 of the 102 seronegative children would have been classified as immune. The proportion of children immune to measles, as gauged by seropositivity, was 91.9% in children aged 5 to 10 years and 95.8% in 11 to 15 year olds. The implications of the study results are discussed in relation to future prevention and control strategies.

Published
1996

25. Meningococcus: a menace in Cork?

Author

Ryan FM, Foley-Nolan C, Keane E, O'Sullivan M, Clair J, Cryan B, and O'Murchu E

Subjects
Age Distribution, Aged, Female, Humans, Incidence, Ireland epidemiology, Male, Meningococcal Infections diagnosis, Meningococcal Infections prevention & control, Sex Distribution, Survival Rate, Communicable Disease Control methods, Meningococcal Infections epidemiology
Abstract

A review of laboratory isolates and notifications of meningococcal disease in the Cork area was conducted for the period 1989-93. The study aimed to describe the epidemiology of meningococcal disease in the area. The incidence of meningococcal disease is high in the Cork area and has been increasing since 1991 with a peak incidence of laboratory confirmed cases of 6.5 per 100,000 in 1993. In the five year review period 113 notifications of meningococcal disease were identified of which 61 (54%) were laboratory confirmed and 52 (46%) were clinically diagnosed only. All laboratory confirmed cases had been notified to the local Director of Community Care/Medical Officer of Health. Group C organisms comprised two-thirds of isolates in 1992 and 1993. Comparison of regional and national incidence rates must be based on laboratory confirmed cases as the criteria for diagnosis and completeness of notifications may vary. A National Infectious Disease Surveillance Centre is vital for monitoring trends and for the coordinated development of a national policy on control and prevention of meningococcal disease.

Published
1996

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