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La regione Calabria vanta 179 SIC (Siti di Interesse Comunitario) e 6 ZPS (Zone di Protezione Speciale). La carenza di studi sullo stato di conservazione e qualità ambientale dei suddetti siti (naturalità, artificialità, sensibilità, vulnerabilità e rischio) ha indotto gli AA. a caratterizzare i 10 SIC che insistono sui corridoi ecologici del versante jonico calabrese. Attraverso l'ILC (Index of Landscape Conservation) e l'ESAi (Environmentally Sensitive Areas Index), è stata condotta un‟analisi ambientale finalizzata alla definizione, individuazione e valutazione dei valori e delle criticità. Muovendo dalla Carta d'Uso del Suolo (CLC) sono state realizzate, quali carte derivate, la Carta della Naturalità-Artificialità e la Carta della Sensibilità Ambientale dei suddetti siti. Lo studio chiude con un approfondimento metodologico sulle opportune modalità da adottare per caratterizzare un SIC; modalità suggerite dalle analisi ambientali eseguite soprattutto sul SIC Foce Neto adottando una capillare indagine geobotanica condotta con metodo fitosociologico.

LINC--NIRVANA (LN) is an MCAO module currently mounted on the Rear Bent Gregorian focus of the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). It mounts a camera originally designed to realize the interferometric imaging focal station of the telescopes. LN follows the LBT binocular strategy having two twin channels: a double Layer Oriented Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics system assisting the two arms, supplies high order wave-front correction. In order to counterbalance the field rotation, a mechanical derotation is applied for the two ground wave-front sensors, and an optical (K-mirror) one for the two high layers sensors, fixing the positions of the focal planes with respect to the pyramids aboard the wavefront sensors. The derotation introduces a pupil images rotation on the wavefront sensors, changing the projection of the deformable mirrors on the sensor consequently., 9 pages, 6 figures, proceeding of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation meeting, Conference Adaptive Optics Systems VI held in Austin Convention Center, Austin, Texas, United States, 10 - 15 June 2018

This paper reports on early commissioning of LINC-NIRVANA (LN), an innovative Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). LN uses two, parallel MCAO systems, each of which corrects turbulence at two atmospheric layers, to deliver near diffraction-limited imagery over a two-arcminute field of view. We summarize LN's approach to MCAO and give an update on commissioning, including the achievement of First Light in April 2018. This is followed by a discussion of challenges that arise from our particular type of MCAO and the solutions implemented. We conclude with a brief look forward to the remainder of commissioning and future upgrades.

We have tested and confirmed the proper functioning of our solution to the MCAO partial illumination issue in the context of the LINC-NIRVANA (LN) MCAO module, both in the laboratory and on-sky. We present the results in this paper. Availability of direct AO-telemetry for individual layers from the LN MCAO system can be potentially used to improve not only the stability of the independent AO loops, but also the wavefront sensor efficiency. We introduce this idea, called "wind- predictive wavefront control."

This paper reports on the installation and initial commissioning of LINC-NIRVANA (LN), an innovative high resolution, near-infrared imager for the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). We present the delicate and difficult installation procedure, the culmination of a re-integration campaign that was in full swing at the last SPIE meeting. We also provide an update on the ongoing commissioning campaigns, including our recent achievement of First Light. Finally, we discuss lessons learned from the shipment and installation of a large complex instrument.

We present simulated Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) infrared narrow-band observations of a star-jet system, in conjunction with improved and optimized deconvolution and image reconstruction algorithms, considering two cases of interest: single-dish direct imaging with an AO-assisted camera and imaging through a Fizeau interferometer that combines the beams of the two mirrors of LBT. We aim at understanding what accuracy can be obtained with the use of present AO-assisted large telescopes (such as LBT) and what improvements an interferometric instrument (such as LINC-NIRVANA) will be able to provide. The proposed deconvolution method is based on the target decomposition as a sum of a point source (the star) and an extended source (the jet). By assuming Poisson noise we add to the negative logarithm of the likelihood a regularization term enforcing smoothness of the jet component. Finally, we use a Richardson-Lucy-like method for the minimization of this function. This approach is an improvement of a method proposed by Lucy in 1994 for accurate photometric restoration of HST images and called two channel photometric restoration. We denote the new method as the multi-component Richardson-Lucy (MC-RL) method. The analysis of the reconstructed objects shows that the MC-RL method applied to the interferometric observations allows us to evaluate the width and the spatial intensity profile of the jet down to 20 mas with an accuracy better than about 20% in the best case of a central star fainter than 10 mag. These limits allow us to obtain a very good reconstruction of the jet acceleration region very close to the exciting source, which would provide fundamental scientific information on the jet collimation degree and eventually on its launching mechanism. As concerns the proposed MC-RL method, it demonstrates a good performance in the reconstruction of images with a very high dynamic range. It can be improved in several directions, by increasing both its efficiency, thanks to recently proposed acceleration techniques, and its accuracy by means of more sophisticated regularization terms. We are also planning to apply the method to simulated observations of upcoming super giant earth-based telescopes.

Il contributo si occupa di analizzare la violenza di genere a partire dalle richieste pervenute ad un servizio non dedicato

First results are presented for the doubly differential ionization cross-section at 0° of water vapor by positrons with an incident energy of 100 eV. Fragmentation paths are also identified.

The status on measurements of positronium formation from the inert atoms is reviewed and new results for CO2 and H2O are presented and discussed.

We describe the scientific rationale and the preliminary optomechanical design for a 2 m class telescope designed to achieve ground layer correction over a ≈ 15 arcmin Field of View (FoV) to be located at the Dome-C site. The proposed science case is the detection of microlensing events in and by globular clusters and nearby galaxies that, for a high probability of success, requires exceptional seeing ( ≈ 0.2 arcsec or better) and a large target density (the centre of a globular cluster with a corresponding telescope FoV of ≈ 15 arcmin). This approach can capitalise on some of the unique qualities already observed above the Dome-C site, namely that the atmospheric turbulence is largely limited to a ground layer of small thickness only, a relatively low Greenwood frequency and uniterrupted sky coverage during the winter months for objects such as the globular cluster 47-Tuc. Further to the central science case of microlensing the telescope could provide a technological testbed for future telescopes and, given the unique atmospheric properties witnessed already during previous site testing compaigns, has the chance to provide a large amount of data (based on accurate and continuous light curves lasting several months) for fields of research outside that of microlensing. Details of the specific concepts of adaptive optics to be adopted for this telescope are outlined.

Recent progress in energy and/or angle resolved studies of positron impact ionization is reviewed and results are contrasted with other projectiles. Outstanding questions, especially concerning collisions at lower energies, are highlighted.

Il volume descrive le risorse e le problematiche di coloro - genitori, figli, mariti, mogli, fratelli e famiglie allargate - che convivono con chi fa uso di sostanze ricorrendo a strategie di coping tollerante, di controllo ed evitamento. La storia di familiari in trattamento propone un percorso per migliorare le strategie con cui questui ultimi fanno fronte ai problemi dell'alcolista e/o del tossicodipendente. Il lavoro è rivolto a familiari e consumatori, ma anche a studiosi e al personale sanitario, per migliorare l'intervento del Sistema sanitario nazionale, dei professionisti della salute e delle azioni di volontariato.

A 27-month-old child developed acute hemolysis on two occasions after the administration of cephalosporin. On the first occasion, hemolysis was intravascular and was due to the formation of complexes between antibodies and the drug, which bound to red blood cells and caused severe hemolysis. On the second occasion, hemolysis was extravascular and was probably due to antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity. Marked increases in levels of CD19(+), and CD57(+) CD8(+) cells were detected among the subpopulations of the patient's lymphocytes but only in the level of CD19(+) cells from the patient's father, after incubation of a sample of whole blood with a solution of cephalosporins. These results might explain the differences between the immune response of the patient and those of other members of his family and of an unrelated control.

The aim of this paper is to review the history of community psychology in Italy. We begin by illustrating the early developments of community psychology in the seventies, which was a period of strong social change. The main part of the chapter is focused on the contribution of Italian scholars to the development of European perspectives in the field, and to the elaboration of theoretical principles that should guide community psychology interventions. Taking into account the construct of social representation, Italian community psychologists view the connections between psychological and social determinants of personal action and between individual and collective processes as the core features of the discipline. They have, therefore, given much attention to exploring the historical link between the process of valorization of individual freedoms and collective struggle; to promoting socio-political empowerment and social capital; and to examining the multiple meanings of community and sense of community. In the last part of the chapter, we outline the theoretical principles that guide some community psychology interventions such as community profiling, multidimensional organisational analysis, affective education and empowerment training which have been developed by Italian community psychologists. We conclude focusing on future opportunities and challenges.

The VLT survey telescope is the latest telescope installed at European Southern Observatory's Paranal observatory that is considered one of the best sites for optical astronomy for the excellent seeing conditions. The exceptional quality of the site imposes tight requirements for the telescope tracking system that shall perform very well to fully exploit the extreme sharpness of the Chilean sky. We describe the specific solutions adopted for pointing, servo and guiding systems and the results obtained during the commissioning of the telescope. The hardware implementation relies on industry components and the control solutions privilege both the performance and the future maintainability of the system.

In the field of adaptive optics, multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) can greatly increase the size of the corrected field of view (FoV) and also extend sky coverage. By applying layer oriented MCAO (LO-MCAO) [4], together with multiple guide stars (up to 20) and pyramid wavefront sensors [7], LINC-NIRVANA (L-N for short) [1] will provide two AO-corrected beams to a Fizeau interferometer to achieve 10 milliarcsecond angular resolution on the Large Binocular Telescope. This paper presents first laboratory results of the AO performance achieved with the high layer wavefront sensor (HWS). This sensor, together with its associated deformable mirror (a Xinetics-349), is being operated in one of the L-N laboratories. AO reference stars, spread across a 2 arc-minute FoV and with aberrations resulting from turbulence introduced at specific layers in the atmosphere, are simulated in this lab environment. This is achieved with the Multi-Atmosphere Phase screen and Stars (MAPS) [2] unit. From the wavefront data, the approximate residual wavefront error after correction has been calculated for different turbulent layer altitudes and wind speeds. Using a somewhat undersampled CCD, the FWHM of stars in the nearly 2 arc-minute FoV has also been measured. These test results demonstrate that the high layer wavefront sensor of LINC-NIRVANA will be able to achieve uniform AO correction across a large FoV.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) gives important information about functional capacity by direct measurement of exercise respiratory gas exchange. It provides assessment of the integrative exercise responses involving the cardiovascular, respiratory and muscle-skeletal systems which are not adequately investigated through the measurement of individual organ system function. CPET involves measurements of oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2) and several ventilatory measures. CPET is increasingly being used as a clinical tool to determine functional capacity, prognosis and potential need for medical or surgical interventions in patients affected by congenital heart disease (CHD). Also in this population, peak VO2 and slope VE/VCO2 are the most predictive parameters in terms of mortality and need of hospitalization. Cyanotic patients with Esisenmenger syndrome show the worst functional limitation and consequently the worst prognosis. This article provides basic and practical information about CPET and focuses on its interpretation in patients with CHD.

The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is higher than in general population; this is a major problem considering the continuous expansion of such group of patients. Generally the more complex is the congenital heart disease the higher is the risk of IE. The aetiology, clinical features, complications, basis for diagnosis and treatment of IE in CHD patients don't differ from those in acquired cardiac disease; however, right-sided IE is more frequent in CHD patients. Due to the complex anatomy or presence of artificial material in many CHD, the transesophageal echocardiogram is extremely useful although echocardiographic assessment remains difficult. Prognosis is better than in other forms of IE with a mortality rate10%. Primary prevention is crucial: a good oral-dental hygiene and regular dental review are as important as antibiotic prophylaxis; however this awareness in the CHD population is still not satisfactorily spread due to an educational problem. New IE guidelines from International Cardiology Societies emphasize the role of primary prevention and limit antibiotic prophylaxis to the highest risk patients undergoing the highest risk procedures. This article reviews the main reasons justifying the revision of previous IE guidelines, focuses on criteria to select CHD patients requiring antibiotic prophylaxis and gives information about antibiotic therapy to use.

El Servizio di psichiatrico Diagnosis and Healing (SPDC), que nació como una representación del "territorio" dentro de la realidad del hospital. Objetivos. El objetivo de la investigación es mostrar qué nuevas emergencias en SPDC y cómo estas situaciones han cambiado en el pasado. Tres estudios diferentes se planearon. El primer estudio analizó el principio de los trastornos esquizofrénicos en el primer contacto con los servicios psiquiátricos, para evaluar una posible correlación entre la aparición de la esquizofrenia y el abuso de sustancias de 136 pacientes ingresados en el Consejo de Estado, en el período comprendido entre 2001 y 2007. El segundo estudio evaluó retrospectivamente a partir de 1985 a 1998, comparándolos con los del trienio 2007-2009. Y por último, el tercer estudio midió la tasa de agotamiento de casi todos los operadores de casi todos piamonteses SPDC. En todos los estudios publicados, las escalas psicopatológicas se han utilizado y reconocido pruebas. En 130 episodios esquizofrénicos, el 46,1% tiene una anamnesis positiva para el abuso de sustancias. Estos pacientes muestran una mayor resistencia al tratamiento inicial con hospitalizaciones más largas. El análisis mostró alteraciones, a través de los años, una reducción en las hospitalizaciones por psicosis esquizofrénica, lo que contrasta con un aumento en las hospitalizaciones por trastornos de la personalidad y agitación psicomotora. El análisis de las tasas de agotamiento, la mayoría de los operadores tienen valores medio-alto agotamiento emocional y despersonalización, mientras que el 47% tiene baja realización personal. Estas condiciones psicopatológicas casi siempre se asocia con una mayor carga para la asistencia social que se refleja operadores con el mismo riesgo de burnout.

We present a study aimed at deriving constraints on star formation at intermediate ages from the evolved stellar populations in the dwarf irregular galaxy UKS2323-326. These observations were also intended to demonstrate the scientific capabilities of the multi-conjugated adaptive optics demonstrator (MAD) implemented at the ESO Very Large Telescope as a test-bench of adaptive optics (AO) techniques. We perform accurate, deep photometry of the field using J and Ks band AO images of the central region of the galaxy. The near-infrared (IR) colour-magnitude diagrams clearly show the sequences of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, red supergiants, and red giant branch (RGB) stars down to ~1 mag below the RGB tip. Optical-near-IR diagrams, obtained by combining our data with Hubble Space Telescope observations, provide the best separation of stars in the various evolutionary stages. The counts of AGB stars brighter than the RGB tip allow us to estimate the star formation at intermediate ages. Assuming a Salpeter initial mass function, we find that the star formation episode at intermediate ages produced ~6x10^5 M_sun of stars in the observed region., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A Letters

The triply differential cross section of molecular hydrogen for ionization by 50 eV positrons has been determined, for the first time, for both the ejected electron in coincidence with the remnant ion and for the scattered projectile. Asymmetries in the energy sharing between the two light particles in the final state are observed, with the electron spectrum being shifted to significantly lower (and the scattered positron to correspondingly higher) energies than expected. A similar shape is observed in the case of the ejected electron spectrum from a helium target at the same excess energy.

In this paper we present the final design and the status report of the MAD module that will be installed at one of the VLT unit telescope in Paranal to perform on-sky observations. MAD is a prototype MCAO system performing wide field of view (FoV) AO correction over 2 arcmin on the sky by using bright (m/sub v/ < 14) natural guide stars (NGS). Multiconjugate adaptive optics aims at performing wide field of view atmospheric turbulence correction using many guide stars (GSs) surrounding the observed target. The light coming from the GSs is analyzed through wavefront sensors whose signals are used to reconstruct the atmospheric turbulence at the different heights which some deformable mirrors are conjugated to. The European Southern Observatory in collaboration with external research institutes is building an instrument prototype, the MCAO demonstrator (MAD), to prove on the sky the feasibility of the MCAO technique using both reconstruction approaches in the view of the future 2nd generation of the VLT instrumentation and the 100-meters telescope OWL.

Layer Oriented wavefront sensors can be made with a reasonable compact detector by the adoption of several stars enlargers, increasing only locally the focal ratio on the reference stars. The main opto-mechanical requirement in this kind of device is represented by the tolerances in tip and tilt of these star enlargers, which have to be moved over the Field Of View and aligned with the reference stars. A differential tip-tilt among the star enlargers leads to a mismatch between the different pupil images related to the reference stars. This misalignment eventually translates into a blurring of the measured wavefront, reducing the sensing quality. We describe a conceptual layout for an active control of the wavefront sensor, in order to reach the best mechanical positioning of these stars enlargers. In particular we discuss an algorithm to determine the effective pupils positions by simple movements and apply the requested displacement through commercially available piezoelectric actuators, shown in a preliminary opto-mechancial design of such wavefront sensor.

A 27-month-old child developed acute hemolysis on two occasions after the administration of cephalosporin. On the first occasion, hemolysis was intravascular and was due to the formation of complexes between antibodies and the drug, which bound to red blood cells and caused severe hemolysis. On the second occasion, hemolysis was extravascular and was probably due to antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Marked increases in levels of CD(19) (+) and CD(57) (+) CD(8) (+) cells were detected among the subpopulations of the patient's lymphocytes but only in the level of CD(19) (+) cells from the patient's father, after incubation of a sample of whole blood with a solution of cephalosporins. These results might explain the differences between the immune response of the patient and those of other members of his family and of an unrelated control.

A model for the analysis of the thermal regimes in mulched soils under greenhouse has been developed on the basis of the measured temperature at two depths. The model is based on the expression of a measured soil temperature function as a Fourier series of terms representing damped monochromatic plane waves in the soil. For such waves the phase shift and the damping factor can be determined from experimental data taken at the second depth. The self-consistence of the model was tested by using the experimental data recorded at other depths. The analysis of the thermal regime of the greenhouse soil mulched with a black-PE film showed that when the soil temperature satisfies periodicity assumptions the proposed model quite correctly describes the soil temperature regimes at all the examined depths with average errors not exceeding 0.5°C. Mathematically and physically based explanations are discussed and further improvements of the model are suggested.

PKS 2155-304 is one of the brightest BL Lac object in the sky and a very well studied target from radio to TeV bands. We report on high-resolution (~ 0.12 arcsec) direct imaging of the field of PKS 2155-304 using adaptive optics near-IR observations in J and Ks bands obtained with the ESO multi-conjugate adaptive optic demonstrator (MAD) at the Very Large Telescope. These data are complemented with archival VLA images at various frequencies to investigate the properties of the close environment of the source. We characterized the faint galaxies that form the poor group associated to the target. No radio emission is present for these galaxies, while an old radio jet at ~ 20 kpc from the nucleus of PKS 2155-304 and a jet-like structure of ~ 2 kpc (~ 1 arcsec) in the eastern direction are revealed. No counterparts of these radio jets are found in the NIR or in archival Chandra observations.

The new 8.4m LBT adaptive secondary AO system, with its novel pyramid wavefront sensor, was used to produce very high Strehl (75% at 2.16 microns) near infrared narrowband (Br gamma: 2.16 microns and [FeII]: 1.64 microns) images of 47 young (~1 Myr) Orion Trapezium theta1 Ori cluster members. The inner ~41x53" of the cluster was imaged at spatial resolutions of ~0.050" (at 1.64 microns). A combination of high spatial resolution and high S/N yielded relative binary positions to ~0.5 mas accuracies. Including previous speckle data, we analyse a 15 year baseline of high-resolution observations of this cluster. We are now sensitive to relative proper motions of just ~0.3 mas/yr (0.6 km/s at 450 pc) this is a ~7x improvement in orbital velocity accuracy compared to previous efforts. We now detect clear orbital motions in the theta1 Ori B2/B3 system of 4.9+/-0.3 km/s and 7.2+/-0.8 km/s in the theta1 Ori A1/A2 system (with correlations of PA vs. time at >99% confidence). All five members of the theta1 Ori B system appear likely as a gravitationally bound "mini-cluster". The very lowest mass member of the theta1 Ori B system (B4; mass ~0.2 Msun) has, for the first time, a clearly detected motion (at 4.3+/-2.0 km/s; correlation=99.7%) w.r.t B1. However, B4 is most likely in an long-term unstable (non-hierarchical) orbit and may "soon" be ejected from this "mini-cluster". This "ejection" process could play a major role in the formation of low mass stars and brown dwarfs.

The energy distributions of positrons scattered around 0 degrees. from H2O have been measured in coincidence with the remnant ions (H2O+, OH+ and H+) at 100 eV and 153 eV incident energies. The maxima of the distributions (d(2)sigma/dE(+)d Omega) associated with the production of OH+ and H+ are about 5-10 times smaller than that for (HO+)-O-2. At both incident energies, a small shoulder has been observed at similar to 28 eV in the energy loss spectra associated with (HO+)-O-2 production possibly arising from a shake-up band associated with the 2a(1) orbital. The branching ratios for the H+ and HO+ fragments are also presented.

Il paesaggio produttivo è la rappresenta- zione del continuo processo di trasformazione antropica dei caratteri fisici e immateriali dell’ambiente naturale; la lettura si basa su modelli socio-economici i cui criteri quantitativi incrociano dati qualitativi, al pari, la percezione visiva perviene ad una conoscenza intuitiva e non mediata degli aspetti formali. Difatti, la rappresentazione del paesaggio condensa una fenomenologia in continua evoluzione, riflettendo le dinamiche culturali della società di cui il territorio è attuatore. L’impatto visivo dello sviluppo di un dato territorio nel tempo, è oggetto di valutazione e si esprime attraverso la formulazione di un giudizio collettivo di tipo relazionale. L’attualità delle forme è l’esito di scelte effettuate in base a politiche sociali ed economiche, la cui eticità si misura nell’impegno a costruire l’identità visiva collettiva; prestandosi al giudizio estetico che determina la contemporaneità del paesaggio umano.

Il lavoro considera la felicità nella sua accezione primaria e fondamentale di stato d'animo di chi prova gioia e contentezza, si sente pienamente appagato e vive in serenità la sua vita individuale e quella di relazione. La misura di tale concetto avviene tramite l’autovalutazione che i soggetti intervistati esprimono a proposito della propria felicità mentre la metodologia utilizza una modellistica dimostratasi efficiente e parsimoniosa sul piano statistico. Nello specifico, la felicità viene espressa mediante una scelta ordinale che il modello formalizza anche tramite le covariate del rispondente. Utilizzando i dati di un’indagine nazionale, basata su un campione rappresentativo della popolazione italiana, si presentano i principali risultati sia a livello globale che con riferimento al genere, alla cittadinanza, allo stato civile, all’area geografica di residenza e all’età. Emerge come rispetto alla felicità le donne esprimano un pessimismo più elevato mentre il giudizio è più positivo per i residenti del Centro. Inoltre, la felicità espressa diminuisce tendenzialmente con l’età ed è più elevata per persone coniugate.

Vengono affrontati alcuni nodi tematici relativi al rapporto tra psicologia culturale e psicologia di comunità, sottolineando in specifico la necessità di un approccio multi-metodo nell'analisi degli argomenti affrontati. Un'attenzione particolare viene posta all'apparente contraddizione tra ricerca e analisi delle "buone pratiche" e della loro generalizzabilità da un lato, e valorizzazione dell'esperienza "situata", context-bound, e perciò unica dall'altro.Un cenno infine viene fatto relativamente all'importanza di realizzare percorsi di formazione sulla ricerca azione partecipata.

Purpose: To examine the overall impact of alcohol and drug problems on a sample of Italian family members. Sample: 113 family members affected by and concerned about the problem drinking or drug-taking of close relatives recruited from the North (N = 37), the Centre (N = 26) and the South (N = 50) of Italy. Measurements: Family Member Impact scale (FMI), Symptom Rating Test (SRT), Coping Questionnaire (CQ) and Hopefulness-Hopelessness scale (HOPE). Findings: There is a high level of impact on family members; the greater the impact, the higher the symptom levels; and the greater both the impact and symptoms are, the more types of coping behaviour are used. Multiple regression showed that the most important variables relating to overall symptom levels reported by family members were total coping, gender and impact. These data lend further support to the Stress-Strain-Coping-Support model (Orford et al., 2005a, b). Document Type: Research article DOI: 10.3109/09687630902824262