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1. T cell responses to repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and breakthrough infections in patients on TNF inhibitor treatment: a prospective cohort studyResearch in context

Author

Asia-Sophia Wolf, Kristin H. Bjørlykke, Hilde S. Ørbo, Sabin Bhandari, Guri Solum, Ingrid Fadum Kjønstad, Ingrid Jyssum, Unni C. Nygaard, Anja Bråthen Kristoffersen, Ingrid E. Christensen, Sarah E. Josefsson, Katrine Persgård Lund, Adity Chopra, Julie Røkke Osen, Viktoriia Chaban, Anne T. Tveter, Joseph Sexton, Tore K. Kvien, Jørgen Jahnsen, Espen A. Haavardsholm, Gunnveig Grødeland, John Torgils Vaage, Sella A. Provan, Hassen Kared, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Ludvig A. Munthe, Silje Watterdal Syversen, Guro Løvik Goll, Kristin Kaasen Jørgensen, and Siri Mjaaland

Subjects
TNF inhibitors, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, T cells, Inflammatory bowel disease, Arthritis, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: Understanding cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 immunisations is important for informing vaccine recommendations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other vulnerable patients on immunosuppressive therapies. This study investigated the magnitude and quality of T cell responses after multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses and COVID-19 breakthrough infection. Methods: This prospective, observational study included patients with IBD and arthritis on tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) receiving up to four SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses. T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 peptides were measured by flow cytometry before and 2–4 weeks after vaccinations and breakthrough infection to assess the frequency and polyfunctionality of responding cells, along with receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) antibodies. Findings: Between March 2, 2021, and December 20, 2022, 143 patients (118 IBD, 25 arthritis) and 73 healthy controls were included. In patients with either IBD or arthritis, humoral immunity was attenuated compared to healthy controls (median anti-RBD levels 3391 vs. 6280 BAU/ml, p = 0.008) after three SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses. Patients with IBD had comparable quantities (median CD4 0.11% vs. 0.11%, p = 0.26, CD8 0.031% vs. 0.047%, p = 0.33) and quality (polyfunctionality score: 0.403 vs. 0.371, p = 0.39; 0.105 vs. 0.101, p = 0.87) of spike-specific T cells to healthy controls. Patients with arthritis had lower frequencies but comparable quality of responding T cells to controls. Breakthrough infection increased spike-specific CD8 T cell quality and T cell responses against non-spike peptides. Interpretation: Patients with IBD on TNFi have T cell responses comparable to healthy controls despite attenuated humoral responses following three vaccine doses. Repeated vaccination and breakthrough infection increased the quality of T cell responses. Our study adds evidence that, in the absence of other risk factors, this group may in future be able to follow the general recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines. Funding: South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Akershus University Hospital, Diakonhjemmet Hospital.

Published
2024
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2. JET machine operations in T&D-T

Author

The JET Operations Team (presented by D.B. King), E. Abdelrahman, A. Abdul Hamid, N. Abid, K. Abraham, O. Adabonyan, C. Adlam, M. Afzal, M. Akhtar, V. Aldred, S. Aldworth, S. Aleiferis, M. Ali, R. Alie, R. Allan, H. Allen, E. Alli, M. Allinson, P. Almond, J. Angus, K. Antcliffe, I. Antoniou, L. Appel, C. Appelbee, C. Aramunde, N. Archer, S. Aria, H. Arkuszynski, M. Arshad, G. Artaserse, A. Ash, C. Ashe, T. Aue, D. Auld, B. Austin, Y. Austin, C. Ayres, R.B. Morales, S. Baker, S. Bakes, I. Balboa, C. Balshaw, N. Balshaw, J. Banks, J. Banner, A. Barnard, M. Barnard, M. Baruzzo, C. Basagiannis, S. Bathe Hariyanandan, P. Batistoni, R. Baughan, P. Beaumont, D. Beckett, A. Begolli, M. Beldishevski, K. Bell, E. Belonohy, J. Bentley, J. Bernardo, M. Berry, J. Bhatt, S. Bickerton, J. Bielecki, W. Bird, D. Blackett, K. Blackman, S. Blake, P. Blatchford, A. Bleasdale, A. Boboc, J. Booth, P. Boulting, M. Bowden, C. Boyd, K. Boyd, R. Bracey, D. Brennan, A. Brett, M. Bright, M. Brix, I. Brooks, B. Brown, P. Brown, M. Brown, P. Brummitt, B. Viola, A. Buckingham, M. Buckley, J. Bumpass, M. Burford, A. Burgess, J. Burton-Sweeten, A. Busse, D. Butcher, P. Cahill, P. Camp, I. Campbell, R. Canavan, J. Cane, M. Cannon, N. Canterbury, A. Carberry, P. Card, M. Carlick, M. Carlo, P. Carman, A. Carruthers, S. Carter, I.S. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, F. Casson, D. Chalk, B. Chamberlain, P. Chauhan, A. Chow, A. Churchman, D. Ciric, M. Clark, J. Clarkson, R. Clarkson, T. Clayton, M. Cleverly, P. Coates, I. Coffey, J. Collins, S. Conroy, N.J. Conway, R. Conway, J. Cook, M. Cooke, D. Coombs, P. Cooper, S. Cooper, G. Corrigan, R. Cotterell, A. Coulson, M. Cox, S. Cox, S. Cramp, D. Craven, R. Craven, M. Crick, D. Croft, T. Cronin, Z. Cui, A. Cullen, R. Cumming, C. Cummings, A. Dal Molin, P. Dalgliesh, S. Dalley, A. Danquah, S. Davies, G. Davis, H. Dawson, K. Dawson, S. Dawson, I. Day, L. de Caires, E. de la Luna, K. Deakin, J. Deane, M. Dearing, A. Dennett, T. Dickson, J. Dobrashian, T. Dochnal, S. Dorling, D. Douai, S. Dowson, J. Drewitt, G. Drummond, P. Dumortier, R. Eade, R. Eastham, K. Eden, J. Edmond, J. Edwards, P. Edwards, H. Elamin, S. Elford, H. El-Haroun, P. Ellis, C. Elsmore, S. Emery, G. Evans, S. Evans, D. Fagan, T. Farmer, I. Farquhar, R. Felton, F. Ferner, J. Fessey, P. Finburg, G. Fishpool, L. Fittill, J. Flanagan, K. Flinders, S. Foley, M. Fontana, M. Fortune, J. Foster, C. Fowler, P. Fox, O. Franklin, R. Franklin, R. Fraser, S. French, M. Furseman, A. Gabbidon, L. Garcia, J. Garcia, M. Gardener, D. Gear, T. Gedling, S. Gee, P. Gell, R. George, S. Gerasimov, M. Gethins, Z. Ghani, L. Giacomelli, C. Gibson, V. Gilsenan, C. Giroud, R. Glen, J. Goff, C. Goodman, A. Goodyear, A. Gordon, S. Gore, S. Gosden, N. Gotts, E. Gow, W. Graham, G. Graham, M. Green, R. Gregory, R. Griffiths, T. Griffiths, F. Griph, C. Grundy, T. Grundy, D. Guard, D. Guest, C. Gurl, S. Hacquin, A. Hakola, K. Hammond, H. Harmer, P. Harper, S. Harris, D. Hart, D. Hattan, A. Haupt, J. Hawes, N. Hawkes, J. Hawkins, P. Hawkins, S. Hayes, S. Hazael, D. Heads, P. Heesterman, O. Hemming, R.B. Henriques, G. Hermon, G. Hewson, T. Hibberd, M. Hill, J. Hillesheim, I. Hirb, K. Ho, C. Hogben, A. Hollingsworth, S. Hollis, M. Hook, D. Hopley, N. Horsten, A. Horton, L.D. Horton, L. Horvath, S. Hotchin, Z. Huang, E. Hubenov, V. Huber, A. Huber, C. Huddart, T. Huddleston, T. Hunter, Y. Husain, A. Hynes, J. Ingleby, S. Ives, E. Ivings, S. Jackson, T. Jackson, P. Jacquet, N. Jayasekera, I. Jepu, D. Jezzard, E. Joffrin, R. Johnson, J. Johnston, C. Jones, E. Jones, G. Jones, L. Jones, S. Jones, T. Jones, M. Jones, A. Joyce, M. Juvonen, A. Kantor, A. Kappatou, G. Karajgikar, J. Karhunen, I. Karnowska-Paterski, E. Karsakos, G. Kaveney, G. Kay, D. Keeling, T. Keenan, R. Kelly, W. Kelly, D. Kennedy, R. Kennedy, O. Kent, K. Khan, D. King, D. Kinna, V. Kiptily, K. Kirov, G. Kneale, M. Knight, P. Knight, J. Knipe, R. Knipe, S. Knipe, P. Kochanski, D. Kos, M. Kovari, E. Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, N. Kraus, M. Kresina, B. Labit, A. Laing, V. Laksharam, N. Lam, B. Lane, C. Lane, T. Lavender, A. Lawson, K. Lawson, G. Learoyd, T. Leeson, X. Lefebvre, J. Lehmann, M. Lennholm, K. Lennon, E. Lerche, S. Lesnoj, E. Letellier, L. Lewin, J. Lewis, J. Li, G. Liddiard, E. Litherland-Smith, F. Liu, R. Lobel, J. Logan, P. Lomas, C. Long, U. Losada, C. Loveridge, T. Lowe, C. Lowry, R. Lucock, G. Lyons, J. Macdonald, P. Macheta, T. Madden, J. Maddock, C.F. Maggi, J. Mailloux, A. Manning, C. Manning, N. Mantel, A. Manzanares, S. Marsden, J. Marsh, R. Marshall, A. Martin, M. Maslov, G. Matthews, N. Mayfield, M. Mayoral, R. McAdams, L. McCafferty, P. McCullen, D. McDonald, A. McDonnell, D. McGuckin, T. McIver, V. McKay, R. McKean, L. McNamee, A. McShee, R. Meadows, D. Mederick, M. Medland, K. Meghani, A. Meigs, S. Menmuir, I. Merrigan, S. Mianowski, P. Middleton, C. Miles, J. Milnes, A. Milocco, J. Mitchell, P. Mitchell, P. Monaghan, I. Monakhov, P. Moody, R. Mooney, C. Moore, N. Mooring, L. Morgan, R. Morgan, J. Morris, O. Morton, S. Morton, P. Mulvana, S. Munot, R. Munro-Smith, K. Musgrave, R. Naish, N. Neethiraj, J. Neilson, A. Newman, S. Ng, M. Nicassio, K. Nicholls, M. Nightingale, C. Noble, R. Normington, C. Nygaard, J. O’Callaghan, R. Olney, B. O’Meara, M. O’Mullane, C. O’Neill, C. Opara, K. O’Rourke, J. Ottley, K. Otu, A. Owen, N. Pace, K. Palamartchouk, D. Paley, J. Palgrave, G. Papadopoulos, V. Parail, A. Parrott, A. Parsloe, L. Parsons, R. Parsons, A. Patel, J. Patel, A. Peacock, M. Pearce, T. Pearce, I. Pearson, J. Penzo, A. Perdas, T. Pereira, C. Perez Von Thun, D. Perry, N. Petrella, M. Peyman, N. Platt, M. Poradzinski, M. Porter, M. Porton, C. Powell, J. Pozzi, M. Price, L. Price, P. Puglia, D. Pulley, K. Purahoo, M. Rainford, A. Raj, S. Randhawa, S. Rapa, K. Ravisankar, C. Rayner, A. Read, C. Reux, S. Reynolds, V. Riccardo, L. Richiusa, D. Rigamonti, F. Rimini, J. Roberts, R. Robins, S. Robinson, T. Robinson, D. Robson, S. Romanelli, F. Rose, C. Rose-Innes, D. Rouse, S. Rowe, N. Rowland, D. Rowlands, M. Rubel, K. Sabin, R. Salmon, H. Salter, A. Sanders, E. Sanders, I. Sanders, D. Sandiford, F. Sanni, R. Sarwar, R. Sayles, C. Scaysbrook, G. Scott, D. Scraggs, S. Scully, R. Sealey, E. Searle, M. Segato, M. Sertoli, C. Shanks, R. Sharma, A. Shaw, K. Sheahan, H. Sheikh, D. Shrestha, R. Siddiqui, S. Silburn, J. Silva, D. Simfukwe, J. Simpson, M. Sinclair, A. Sips, P. Sirén, S. Skeats, N. Skinner, B. Slade, J. Slater, T. Smart, G. Smith, J. Smith, N. Smith, P. Smith, T. Smith, F. P. Smith, J. Snell, K. Snelling, K. Soare, E. Solano, A. Spelzini, C. Srinivasan, Z. Stancar, P.A. Staniec, M. Stead, R. Steadman, L. Steel, D. Steele, A. Stephen, J. Stephens, L. Stevenson, P. Stevenson, C. Steventon, L. Sticklen, M. Stojanov, S. Strikwerda, C. Stuart, G. Stubbs, N. Studd, W. Studholme, H. Sun, S. Surendran, G. Szepesi, M. Szoke, H. Tan, A. Taylor, D. Taylor, K. Taylor, A. Thingore, B. Thomas, J. Thomas, A. Thorman, A. Tilley, A. Tipton, N. Tipton, H. Todd, P. Tonner, A. Tookey, M. Towndrow, M. Tsang, E. Tsitrone, I. Turner, M. Turner, G. Tvalashvili, S. Tyrrell, A. Vadgama, D. Valcarcel, Q. Van Der Westhuizen, J. Verdon, N. Vianello, A. Vittal, Z. Vizvary, B. Wakeling, M. Walker, R. Walker, T. Wall, M. Walsh, T. Walsh, J. Walters, J. Walton, R. Walton, S. Warder, F. Warren, R. Warren, J. Waterhouse, T. Webster, G. Wells, C. Wellstood, A. West, M. Wheatley, S. Whiffin, A. Whitehead, C. Whitehead, D. Whittaker, A. Widdowson, J. Wilcox, D. Wilkins, R. Wilkins, J. Williams, M. Williams, D. Willoughby, A. Wilson, I. Wilson, T. Wilson, M. Wischmeier, P. Wise, G. Withenshaw, A. Withycombe, D. Witts, J. Witts, R. Wood, L. Woodham, C. Woodley, J. Woodley, R. Woodley, B. Woods, S. Wray, T. Xu, I. Young, R. Young, K-D. Zastrow, Y. Zayachuk, and M. Zerbini

Subjects
JET, tritium, operations, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

JET, the world’s largest operating tokamak with unique Be/W wall and tritium handling capability, completed a Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) campaign in 2021 (Maggi et al 29th Fusion Energy Conf. ) following a decade of preparatory experiments, dedicated enhancements, technical rehearsals and training (Horton et al 2016 Fusion Eng. Des. 109–111 925). Operation with tritium raises significant technical, safety and scientific challenges not encountered in standard protium or deuterium operation. This contribution describes the tritium operational requirements, pulses and technical preparations, new operating procedures, lessons learned and details on the achieved operational availability and performance. The preparation and execution of the recent JET tritium experiments benefitted from the previous experience in 1991 (Preliminary Tritium Experiment), 1997 (DTE1 campaign) and 2003 (Trace Tritium Campaigns) and consisted of the following five phases: technical rehearsals and scenario preparation, tritium commissioning, 100% tritium campaign, D-T campaign (DTE2), tritium clean-up. Following the clean-up JET resumed normal operation and is currently undertaking a further D-T campaign (DTE3).

Published
2024
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3. Immune responses in Omicron SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection in vaccinated adults

Author

Hassen Kared, Asia-Sophia Wolf, Amin Alirezaylavasani, Anthony Ravussin, Guri Solum, Trung The Tran, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, John Torgils Vaage, Lise Sofie Nissen-Meyer, Unni C. Nygaard, Olav Hungnes, Anna H. Robertson, Lisbeth Meyer Næss, Lill Trogstad, Per Magnus, Ludvig A. Munthe, and Siri Mjaaland

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant possess many mutations within the receptor binding domain of the Spike protein, which confer increased transmissibility and higher antibody escape. Here, the authors carry out analysis of the serological and cellular immune responses of individuals with Omicron breakthrough infection.

Published
2022
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4. The Handbook of Speech Perception

Author

Jennifer S. Pardo, Lynne C. Nygaard, Robert E. Remez, David B. Pisoni, Jennifer S. Pardo, Lynne C. Nygaard, Robert E. Remez, David B. Pisoni

Published
2021

5. Aging and CMV discordance are associated with increased immune diversity between monozygotic twins

Author

Zheng Yan, Holden T. Maecker, Petter Brodin, Unni C. Nygaard, Shu Chen Lyu, Mark M. Davis, Kari C. Nadeau, and Sandra Andorf

Subjects
Mass cytometry (CyTOF), Monozygotic twins, Aging, Cytomegalovirus, Human immunology, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Abstract Background Broadly, much of variance in immune system phenotype has been linked to the influence of non-heritable factors rather than genetics. In particular, two non-heritable factors: aging and human cytolomegavirus (CMV) infection, have been known to account for significant inter-individual immune variance. However, many specific relationships between them and immune composition remain unclear, especially between individuals over narrower age ranges. Further exploration of these relationships may be useful for informing personalized intervention development. Results To address this need, we evaluated 41 different cell type frequencies by mass cytometry and identified their relationships with aging and CMV seropositivity. Analyses were done using 60 healthy individuals, including 23 monozygotic twin pairs, categorized into young (12–31 years) and middle-aged (42–59 years). Aging and CMV discordance were associated with increased immune diversity between monozygotic twins overall, and particularly strongly in various T cell populations. Notably, we identified 17 and 11 cell subset frequencies as relatively influenced and uninfluenced by non-heritable factors, respectively, with results that largely matched those from studies on older-aged cohorts. Next, CD4+ T cell frequency was shown to diverge with age in twins, but with lower slope than in demographically similar non-twins, suggesting that much inter-individual variance in this cell type can be attributed to interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Several cell frequencies previously associated with memory inflation, such as CD27- CD8+ T cells and CD161+ CD4+ T cells, were positively correlated with CMV seropositivity, supporting findings that CMV infection may incur rapid aging of the immune system. Conclusions Our study confirms previous findings that aging, even within a relatively small age range and by mid-adulthood, and CMV seropositivity, both contribute significantly to inter-individual immune diversity. Notably, we identify several key immune cell subsets that vary considerably with aging, as well as others associated with memory inflation which correlate with CMV seropositivity.

Published
2021
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6. Lipidomic Analyses Reveal Modulation of Lipid Metabolism by the PFAS Perfluoroundecanoic Acid (PFUnDA) in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice

Author

Tuulia Hyötyläinen, Johanna Bodin, Daniel Duberg, Hubert Dirven, Unni C. Nygaard, and Matej Orešič

Subjects
lipidomics, NOD mice, type 1 diabetes, exposure, PFUnDA, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been linked to multiple undesirable health outcomes across a full lifespan, both in animal models as well as in human epidemiological studies. Immunosuppressive effects of PFAS have been reported, including increased risk of infections and suppressed vaccination responses in early childhood, as well as association with immunotoxicity and diabetes. On a mechanistic level, PFAS exposure has been linked with metabolic disturbances, particularly in lipid metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly characterized. Herein we explore lipidomic signatures of prenatal and early-life exposure to perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice; an experimental model of autoimmune diabetes. Female NOD mice were exposed to four levels of PFUnDA in drinking water at mating, during gestation and lactation, and during the first weeks of life of female offspring. At offspring age of 11–12 weeks, insulitis and immunological endpoints were assessed, and serum samples were collected for comprehensive lipidomic analyses. We investigated the associations between exposure, lipidomic profile, insulitis grade, number of macrophages and apoptotic, active-caspase-3-positive cells in pancreatic islets. Dose-dependent changes in lipidomic profiles in mice exposed to PFUnDA were observed, with most profound changes seen at the highest exposure levels. Overall, PFUnDA exposure caused downregulation of phospholipids and triacylglycerols containing polyunsaturated fatty acids. Our results show that PFUnDA exposure in NOD mice alters lipid metabolism and is associated with pancreatic insulitis grade. Moreover, the results are in line with those reported in human studies, thus suggesting NOD mice as a suitable model to study the impacts of environmental chemicals on T1D.

Published
2021
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7. Immune cell profiles associated with measured exposure to phthalates in the Norwegian EuroMix biomonitoring study – A mass cytometry approach in toxicology

Author

Unni C. Nygaard, Emilie S. Ulriksen, Hege Hjertholm, Friederike Sonnet, Anette K. Bølling, Monica Andreassen, Trine Husøy, and Hubert Dirven

Subjects
Phthalates, Immunotoxicology, Immune cells, Mass cytometry, Biomarkers, Mechanisms, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Background: Phthalate exposure has been associated with immune-related diseases such as asthma and allergies, but there is limited knowledge on mechanisms, effect biomarkers and thus biological support of causality. Objectives: To investigate associations between exposure to the phthalates DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) and DiNP (diisononyl phthalate) and functional immune cell profiles. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 32 healthy adult Norwegian participants in the EuroMix biomonitoring study were selected based on high or low (n = 16) levels of urine metabolites of DEHP and DiNP. High-dimensional immune cell profiling including phenotyping and functional markers was performed by mass cytometry (CyTOF) using two broad antibody panels after PMA/ionomycin-stimulation. The CITRUS algorithm with unsupervised clustering was used to identify group differences in cell subsets and expression of functional markers, verified by manual gating. Results: The group of participants with high phthalate exposure had a higher proportion of some particular innate immune cells, including CD11c positive NK-cell and intermediate monocyte subpopulations. The percentage of IFNγ TNFα double positive NK cells and CD11b expression in other NK cell subsets were higher in the high exposure group. Among adaptive immune cells, however, the percentage of IL-6 and TNFα expressing naïve B cell subpopulations and the percentage of particular naïve cytotoxic T cell populations were lower in the high exposure group. Discussion: Cell subset percentages and expression of functional markers suggest that DEHP and DiNP phthalate exposure may stimulate subsets of innate immune cells and suppress adaptive immune cell subsets. By revealing significant immunological differences even in small groups, this study illustrates the promise of the broad and deep information obtained by high-dimensional single cell analyses of human samples to answer toxicological questions regarding health effects of environmental exposures.

Published
2021
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9. Allergic disease and risk of stress in pregnant women: a PreventADALL study

Author

Caroline-Aleksi Olsson Mägi, Anders Bjerg Bäcklund, Karin Lødrup Carlsen, Catarina Almqvist, Kai-Håkon Carlsen, Berit Granum, Guttorm Haugen, Katarina Hilde, Oda C. Lødrup Carlsen, Christine Monceyron Jonassen, Eva Maria Rehbinder, Katrine D. Sjøborg, Håvard Skjerven, Anne Cathrine Staff, Riyas Vettukattil, Cilla Söderhäll, Björn Nordlund, on behalf of the study group, Anna Undeman Asarnoj, Peder Annæus Granlund, Hrefna Katrín Gudmundsdóttir, Sandra Götberg, Monica Hauger Carlsen, Angelica Johansen Winger, Nora Nilsson, Unni C. Nygaard, Knut Rudi, Ingebjørg Skrindo, Carina M. Saunders, Sandra G. Tedner, Magdalena R. Værnesbranden, and Johanna Wiik

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Background Maternal stress during pregnancy may negatively affect the health of mother and child. We therefore aimed to identify the proportion of women reporting high maternal stress in mid and late pregnancy and explore whether symptoms of maternal allergic disease are associated with perceived maternal stress in late pregnancy. Method The population-based Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and Allergy in Children (PreventADALL) study enrolled 2697 pregnant women at their 18-week routine ultrasound examination in Norway and Sweden. Information about sociodemographic factors, symptoms and doctor-diagnosed asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and anaphylaxis and stress using the 14-item perceived stress scale (PSS) was collected at 18 weeks (mid) and 34 weeks (late) pregnancy. High stress was defined as a PSS score ≥29. Scores were analysed using multivariate logistic and linear regression. Results Among the 2164 women with complete PSS data, 17% reported asthma, 20% atopic dermatitis, 23% allergic rhinitis, 12% food allergy and 2% anaphylaxis. The proportion of women reporting high stress decreased from 15% at mid to 13% at late pregnancy (p

Published
2020
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10. Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances modulates neonatal serum phospholipids, increasing risk of type 1 diabetes

Author

Aidan McGlinchey, Tim Sinioja, Santosh Lamichhane, Partho Sen, Johanna Bodin, Heli Siljander, Alex M. Dickens, Dawei Geng, Cecilia Carlsson, Daniel Duberg, Jorma Ilonen, Suvi M. Virtanen, Hubert Dirven, Hanne Friis Berntsen, Karin Zimmer, Unni C. Nygaard, Matej Orešič, Mikael Knip, and Tuulia Hyötyläinen

Subjects
Bile acids, Lipidomics, Mass spectrometry, PFAS, Type 1 diabetes, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

In the last decade, increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) stabilized in Finland, a phenomenon that coincides with tighter regulation of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Here, we quantified PFAS to examine their effects, during pregnancy, on lipid and immune-related markers of T1D risk in children. In a mother-infant cohort (264 dyads), high PFAS exposure during pregnancy associated with decreased cord serum phospholipids and progression to T1D-associated islet autoantibodies in the offspring. This PFAS-lipid association appears exacerbated by increased human leukocyte antigen-conferred risk of T1D in infants. Exposure to a single PFAS compound or a mixture of organic pollutants in non-obese diabetic mice resulted in a lipid profile characterized by a similar decrease in phospholipids, a marked increase of lithocholic acid, and accelerated insulitis. Our findings suggest that PFAS exposure during pregnancy contributes to risk and pathogenesis of T1D in offspring.

Published
2020
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13. Effect of dietary pristane and other saturated mineral oils (MOSH) on autoimmune arthritis in rats

Author

Monica Andreassen, Hege Hjertholm, Jean-Pierre Cravedi, Koni Grob, Jan Alexander, and Unni C. Nygaard

Subjects
Toxicology. Poisons, RA1190-1270
Abstract

Pristane and other adjuvants based on mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) may induce autoimmunity in rodents after intradermal injection; however there is a lack of information on immune effects after oral MOSH exposure. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of dietary exposure to pristane and other MOSH on the development of autoimmune arthritis.Dark Agouti (DA) rats were given feed containing 4000 mg/kg pristane or a broad MOSH mixture in various concentrations (0â4000 mg/kg) for 90 days, or a single intradermal injection of 200 μl pristane (positive control). Arthritis scores, and serum and splenocyte markers previously associated with arthritis development, were determined.All rats injected with pristane displayed arthritis symptoms and higher levels of certain serum markers. None of the rats fed pristane or MOSH developed arthritis symptoms or demonstrated clear changes in any measured arthritis-associated biological markers in serum or splenocytes.The absence of clinical arthritis symptoms or any increase in common arthritis-associated biological markers in sera and spleen following dietary exposure to pristane or a broad MOSH mixture in a sub-chronic rat model of arthritis suggest that dietary MOSH have low capacity to promote development of autoimmunity. Keywords: Mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH), Autoimmune arthritis, Dark Agouti rat

Published
2017
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14. Stopping when knowing: use of snus and nicotine during pregnancy in Scandinavia

Author

Ina Kreyberg, Karen E.S. Bains, Kai-H. Carlsen, Berit Granum, Hrefna K. Gudmundsdóttir, Guttorm Haugen, Gunilla Hedlin, Katarina Hilde, Christine M. Jonassen, Live S. Nordhagen, Björn Nordlund, Katrine D. Sjøborg, Håvard O. Skjerven, Anne C. Staff, Cilla Söderhäll, Riyas M. Vettukatil, Karin C. Lødrup Carlsen, The PreventADALL study group:, Anna Asarnoj, Oda C., Lødrup Carlsen, Kim A. Endre, Peder A. Granlund, Henrik Holmstrøm, Geir Håland, Caroline-Aleksi O. Mägi, Unni C. Nygaard, Eva M. Rehbinder, Carina M. Saunders, Ingebjørg Skrindo, Sandra G. Tedner, Magdalena R. Værnesbranden, and Johanna Wiik

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

In young women, the use of snus increases in parallel with decreasing smoking rates but the use in pregnancy is unclear. Our aims were to determine the prevalence of snus use, smoking and other nicotine-containing product use during pregnancy, and to identify predictors for snus use in pregnancy. Prevalence was determined for 2528 women in Norway and Sweden based on the Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and ALLergies (PreventADALL) study, a population-based, mother–child birth cohort. Electronic questionnaires were completed in pregnancy week 18 and/or week 34, and potential predictors of snus use were analysed using logistic regression models. Ever use of any snus, tobacco or nicotine-containing products was reported by 35.7% of women, with similar rates of snus use (22.5%) and smoking (22.6%). Overall, 11.3% of women reported any use of nicotine-containing products in pregnancy up to 34 weeks, most often snus alone (6.5%). Most women (87.2%) stopped using snus by week 6 of pregnancy. Snus use in pregnancy was inversely associated with age and positively associated with urban living and personal or maternal history of smoking. While 11.3% of women used snus or other nicotine-containing products at some time, most stopped when recognising their pregnancy. Younger, urban living, previously smoking women were more likely to use snus in pregnancy.

Published
2019
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15. NEURAL BASIS OF SOUND-SYMBOLIC PSEUDOWORD-SHAPE CORRESPONDENCES

Author

Deborah A. Barany, Simon Lacey, Kaitlyn L. Matthews, Lynne C. Nygaard, and K. Sathian

Abstract

Non-arbitrary mapping between the sound of a word and its meaning, termed sound symbolism, is commonly studied through correspondences between sounds and visual shapes, e.g., auditory pseudowords, like ‘mohloh’ and ‘kehteh’, are matched to rounded and pointed visual shapes, respectively. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural basis of the pseudoword-shape correspondence. During scanning, right-handed participants (n= 22) encountered audiovisual stimuli consisting of a simultaneously presented visual shape (rounded or pointed) and an auditory pseudoword (‘mohloh’ or ‘kehteh’) and indicated via a right-handed keypress whether the stimuli matched or not. Reaction times were faster for congruent than incongruent stimuli. On a univariate contrast between congruent and incongruent stimuli, activity was greater in the left primary auditory and somatosensory cortices, left anterior fusiform/parahippocampal and right mid-cingulate gyri, and caudate nuclei bilaterally for the congruent condition; and at left precentral, left supplementary motor and bilateral anterior insular cortical foci in the incongruent condition. Multivoxel pattern analysis revealed higher classification accuracy in the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s area), the left supramarginal gyrus, and the right mid-occipital gyrus for the audiovisual stimuli when bimodally congruent than when incongruent. Visual and auditory cortices robustly differentiated between the two visual/auditory stimuli, respectively, regardless of audiovisual congruency. Frontoparietal cortical regions distinguished congruent from incongruent stimulus pairs, independent of the visual or auditory features. Taken together, these findings indicate that sound-symbolic correspondences engage neural processes in sensory, motor, and language systems.HighlightsfMRI investigation of sound-symbolic correspondences between auditory pseudowords and visual shapesFaster reaction times for congruent than incongruent audiovisual stimuliGreater activation in premotor areas and anterior insula for incongruent stimuliGreater activation in primary auditory and somatosensory cortices for congruent stimuliHigher multivariate classification accuracy for congruent stimuli in language-related areas

Published
2023
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19. Cord blood T cell subpopulations and associations with maternal cadmium and arsenic exposures.

Author

Unni C Nygaard, Zhigang Li, Thomas Palys, Brian Jackson, Melanie Subbiah, Meena Malipatlolla, Vanitha Sampath, Holden Maecker, Margaret R Karagas, and Kari C Nadeau

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Arsenic and cadmium are environmental pollutants, and although the evidence for adverse immune effects after prenatal arsenic and cadmium exposures is increasing, little is known about the underlying immunological mechanisms.We investigated the relationship between prenatal arsenic and cadmium exposures and a variety of T cell subpopulations measured in cord blood for 63 participants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Post-partum toenail concentrations of arsenic and cadmium were used as an estimate of maternal exposure during pregnancy. The characteristics of cord blood proportions of T lymphocytes and subpopulations (expression of markers for Th1, Th2, Th17, Th1Th17, induced and natural regulatory T cells and NKTs) are presented.In regression analyses, maternal arsenic exposure levels were inversely associated with cord blood T helper memory cells (-21%, 95% CI: -36%, -3%) and the association was found to be stronger in females. They were also inversely associated with activated T helper memory cells, particularly in males (-26%, 95% CI: -43%, -3%). Similarly, inverse associations were observed between cadmium exposure levels and activated T helper memory cells (-16%, 95% CI: -30%, -1%) and also for T helper memory cells in females (-20%, 95% CI: -35%, -3%).The results suggest that prenatal exposures to relatively low levels of arsenic and cadmium may contribute to altered distribution of T cell populations at birth. These changes in theory, could have contributed to the previously reported immunosuppressive effects observed later in infancy/childhood.

Published
2017
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21. A second chance for a first impression: Sensitivity to cumulative input statistics for lexically guided perceptual learning

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard, Rachel M. Theodore, and Christina Y. Tzeng

Subjects
Speech perception, 05 social sciences, Speech sounds, Contrast (statistics), Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), 050105 experimental psychology, Stimulus (psychology), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Perceptual learning, Developmental and Educational Psychology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Test phase, First impression (psychology), Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Listeners use lexical knowledge to modify the mapping from acoustics to speech sounds, but the timecourse of experience that informs lexically guided perceptual learning is unknown. Some data suggest that learning is contingent on initial exposure to atypical productions, while other data suggest that learning reflects only the most recent exposure. Here we seek to reconcile these findings by assessing the type and timecourse of exposure that promote robust lexcially guided perceptual learning. In three experiments, listeners (n = 560) heard 20 critical productions interspersed among 200 trials during an exposure phase and then categorized items from an ashi-asi continuum in a test phase. In Experiment 1, critical productions consisted of ambiguous fricatives embedded in either /s/- or /ʃ/-biasing contexts. Learning was observed; the /s/-bias group showed more asi responses compared to the /ʃ/-bias group. In Experiment 2, listeners heard ambiguous and clear productions in a consistent context. Order and lexical bias were manipulated between-subjects, and perceptual learning occurred regardless of the order in which the clear and ambiguous productions were heard. In Experiment 3, listeners heard ambiguous fricatives in both /s/- and /ʃ/-biasing contexts. Order differed between two exposure groups, and no difference between groups was observed at test. Moreover, the results showed a monotonic decrease in learning across experiments, in line with decreasing exposure to stable lexically biasing contexts, and were replicated across novel stimulus sets. In contrast to previous findings showing that either initial or most recent experience are critical for lexically guided perceptual learning, the current results suggest that perceptual learning reflects cumulative experience with a talker's input over time.

Published
2021
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23. Immunity in Omicron SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough COVID-19 in vaccinated adults

Author

Hassen Kared, Asia-Sophia Wolf, Amin Alirezaylavasani, Anthony Ravussin, Guri Solum, Trung The Tran, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, John Torgils Vaage, Lise Sofie Nissen-Meyer, Unni C. Nygaard, Olav Hungnes, Anna H Robertson, Lisbeth Meyer Næss, Lill Trogstad, Per Magnus, Ludvig A Munthe, and Siri Mjaaland

Abstract

The new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern (VOC) Omicron has more than 30 mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Spike protein enabling viral escape from antibodies in vaccinated individuals and increased transmissibility1-6. It is unclear how vaccine immunity protects against Omicron infection. Here we show that vaccinated participants at a superspreader event had robust recall response of humoral and pre-existing cellular immunity induced by the vaccines, and an emergentde novoT cell response to non-Spike antigens. We compared cases from a Christmas party where 81 of 110 (74%) developed Omicron breakthrough COVID-197, with Delta breakthrough cases and vaccinated non-infected controls. Omicron cases had significantly increased activated SARS-CoV-2 wild type Spike-specific (vaccine) cytotoxic T cells, activated follicular helper (TFH) cells, functional T cell responses, boosted humoral responses, activated anti-Spike plasmablasts and anti-RBD memory B cells compared to controls. Omicron cases had significantly increasedde novomemory T cell responses to non-Spike viral antigens compared to Delta breakthrough cases demonstrating development of broad immunity. The rapid release of Spike and RBD-specific IgG+B cell plasmablasts and memory B cells into circulation suggested affinity maturation of antibodies and that concerted T and B cell immunity may provide durable broad immunity.

Published
2022
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24. Dibutyl phthalate exposure alters T-cell subsets in blood from allergen-sensitized volunteers

Author

Danay Maestre‐Batlle, Unni C. Nygaard, Ryan D. Huff, Neil E. Alexis, Scott J. Tebbutt, Stuart E. Turvey, Christopher Carlsten, and Anette Kocbach Bølling

Subjects
Volunteers, Environmental Engineering, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Air Pollution, Indoor, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Animals, Humans, Building and Construction, Allergens, Inflammation Mediators, Dibutyl Phthalate
Abstract

Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants associated with allergic disease in epidemiological and animal studies. This investigation aims to support these associations by interrogating systemic immune effects in allergen-sensitized volunteers after controlled indoor air exposure to a known concentration of dibutyl phthalate (DBP). The phthalate-allergen immune response (PAIR) study enrolled 16 allergen-sensitized participants to a double-blinded, randomized, crossover exposure to two conditions (DBP or control air for 3 hr), each followed immediately by inhaled allergen challenge. Peripheral blood immune cell composition and activation along with inflammatory mediators were measured before and after exposure. DBP exposure prior to the inhaled allergen challenge increased the percentage of CD4

Published
2022

30. A second chance for a first impression: Sensitivity to cumulative input statistics for lexically guided perceptual learning

Author

Christina Y, Tzeng, Lynne C, Nygaard, and Rachel M, Theodore

Subjects
Adult, Male, Young Adult, Psycholinguistics, Practice, Psychological, Speech Perception, Humans, Learning, Female
Abstract

Listeners use lexical knowledge to modify the mapping from acoustics to speech sounds, but the timecourse of experience that informs lexically guided perceptual learning is unknown. Some data suggest that learning is contingent on initial exposure to atypical productions, while other data suggest that learning reflects only the most recent exposure. Here we seek to reconcile these findings by assessing the type and timecourse of exposure that promote robust lexcially guided perceptual learning. In three experiments, listeners (n = 560) heard 20 critical productions interspersed among 200 trials during an exposure phase and then categorized items from an ashi-asi continuum in a test phase. In Experiment 1, critical productions consisted of ambiguous fricatives embedded in either /s/- or /ʃ/-biasing contexts. Learning was observed; the /s/-bias group showed more asi responses compared to the /ʃ/-bias group. In Experiment 2, listeners heard ambiguous and clear productions in a consistent context. Order and lexical bias were manipulated between-subjects, and perceptual learning occurred regardless of the order in which the clear and ambiguous productions were heard. In Experiment 3, listeners heard ambiguous fricatives in both /s/- and /ʃ/-biasing contexts. Order differed between two exposure groups, and no difference between groups was observed at test. Moreover, the results showed a monotonic decrease in learning across experiments, in line with decreasing exposure to stable lexically biasing contexts, and were replicated across novel stimulus sets. In contrast to previous findings showing that either initial or most recent experience are critical for lexically guided perceptual learning, the current results suggest that perceptual learning reflects cumulative experience with a talker's input over time.

Published
2020

31. Developmental change in children’s sensitivity to sound symbolism

Author

Laura L. Namy, Lynne C. Nygaard, and Christina Y. Tzeng

Subjects
Male, Symbolism, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Language Development, 050105 experimental psychology, Task (project management), Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sound symbolism, Child, Sound (geography), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 05 social sciences, Language acquisition, Linguistics, Sound, Acoustic Stimulation, Child, Preschool, Female, Cues, Psychology, Language Experience Approach, Sensitivity (electronics), Word (group theory), 050104 developmental & child psychology, Cognitive psychology, Meaning (linguistics)
Abstract

The current study examined developmental change in children’s sensitivity to sound symbolism. Three-, five-, and seven-year-old children heard sound symbolic novel words and foreign words meaning round and pointy and chose which of two pictures (one round and one pointy) best corresponded to each word they heard. Task performance varied as a function of both word type and age group such that accuracy was greater for novel words than for foreign words, and task performance increased with age for both word types. For novel words, children in all age groups reliably chose the correct corresponding picture. For foreign words, 3-year-olds showed chance performance, whereas 5- and 7-year-olds showed reliably above-chance performance. Results suggest increased sensitivity to sound symbolic cues with development and imply that although sensitivity to sound symbolism may be available early and facilitate children’s word–referent mappings, sensitivity to subtler sound symbolic cues requires greater language experience.

Published
2017
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32. Interactions Between Auditory Elevation, Auditory Pitch and Visual Elevation During Multisensory Perception

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard, Krish Sathian, Simon Lacey, and Yaseen A. Jamal

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Visual perception, genetic structures, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Stimulus (physiology), Audiology, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, Auditory pitch, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, Communication, Crossmodal, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Sensory Systems, Ophthalmology, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, business, Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Cross-modal correspondences refer to associations between apparently unrelated stimulus features in different senses. For example, high and low auditory pitches are associated with high and low visual elevations, respectively. Here we examined how this crossmodal correspondence between visual elevation and auditory pitch relates to auditory elevation. We used audiovisual combinations of high- or low-frequency bursts of white noise and a visual stimulus comprising a white circle. Auditory and visual stimuli could each occur at high or low elevations. These multisensory stimuli could be congruent or incongruent for three correspondence types: cross-modal featural (auditory pitch/visual elevation), within-modal featural (auditory pitch/auditory elevation) and cross-modal spatial (auditory and visual elevation). Participants performed a 2AFC speeded classification (high or low) task while attending to auditory pitch, auditory elevation, or visual elevation. We tested for modulatory interactions between the three correspondence types. Modulatory interactions were absent when discriminating visual elevation. However, the within-modal featural correspondence affected the cross-modal featural correspondence during discrimination of auditory elevation and pitch, while the reverse modulation was observed only during discrimination of auditory pitch. The cross-modal spatial correspondence modulated the other two correspondences only when auditory elevation was being attended, was modulated by the cross-modal featural correspondence only during attention to auditory pitch, and was modulated by the within-modal featural correspondence while performing discrimination of either auditory elevation or pitch. We conclude that the cross-modal correspondence between auditory pitch and visual elevation interacts strongly with auditory elevation.

Published
2017
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33. Specificity and generalization in perceptual adaptation to accented speech

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard and Jessica E. Alexander

Subjects
Male, Speech Communication, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, media_common.quotation_subject, Speech recognition, Pronunciation, Generalization, Psychological, Young Adult, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Transcription (linguistics), Perception, Generalization (learning), Similarity (psychology), Stress (linguistics), Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Learning, Speech, Set (psychology), media_common, Language, Variety (linguistics), Adaptation, Physiological, Speech Perception, Female, Psychology
Abstract

The present study investigated the degree to which perceptual adaptation to foreign-accented speech is specific to the regularities in pronunciation associated with a particular accent. Across experiments, the conditions under which generalization of learning did or did not occur were evaluated. In Experiment 1, listeners trained on word-length utterances in Korean-accented English and tested with words produced by the same or different set of Korean-accented speakers. Listeners performed better than untrained controls when tested with novel words from the same or different speakers. In Experiment 2, listeners were trained with Spanish-, Korean-, or mixed-accented speech and transcribed novel words produced by unfamiliar Korean- or Spanish-accented speakers at test. The findings revealed relative specificity of learning. Listeners trained and tested on the same variety of accented speech showed better transcription at test than those trained with a different accent or untrained controls. Performance after mixed-accent training was intermediate. Patterns of errors and analysis of acoustic properties for accented vowels suggested perceptual improvement for regularities arising from each accent, with learning dependent on the relative similarity of linguistic form within and across accents.

Published
2019

34. Acoustic and visual stimulus parameters underlying sound-symbolic crossmodal correspondences

Author

Kelly McCormick, Simon Lacey, Lynne C. Nygaard, Krish Sathian, and Sara M. List

Subjects
Visual perception, Crossmodal, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Speech recognition, 05 social sciences, Stimulus (physiology), Roundedness, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Perception, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sound symbolism, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Natural language, media_common
Abstract

It is often assumed that a fundamental property of language is the arbitrariness of the relationship between sound and meaning. Sound symbolism, which refers to non-arbitrary mapping between the sound of a word and its meaning, contradicts this assumption. Sensitivity to sound symbolism has been studied through crossmodal correspondences (CCs) between auditory pseudowords (e.g. ‘loh-moh’) and visual shapes (e.g. a blob). We used representational similarity analysis to examine the relationships between physical stimulus parameters and perceptual ratings that varied on dimensions of roundedness and pointedness, for a range of auditory pseudowords and visual shapes. We found that perceptual ratings of these stimuli relate to certain physical features of both the visual and auditory domains. Representational dissimilarity matrices (RDMs) of parameters that capture the spatial profile of the visual shapes, such as the simple matching coefficient and Jaccard distance, were significantly correlated with those of the visual ratings. RDMs of certain acoustic parameters of the pseudowords, such as the temporal fast Fourier transform (FFT) and spectral tilt, that reflect spectral composition, as well as shimmer and speech envelope that reflect aspects of amplitude variation over time, were significantly correlated with those of the auditory perceptual ratings. RDMs of the temporal FFT (acoustic) and the simple matching coefficient (visual) were significantly correlated. These findings suggest that sound-symbolic CCs are related to basic properties of auditory and visual stimuli, and thus provide insights into the fundamental nature of sound symbolism and how this might evoke specific impressions of physical meaning in natural language.

Published
2019
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35. Consistency and strength of grapheme-color associations are separable aspects of synesthetic experience

Author

Krish Sathian, Nicole Steiner, Margaret Martinez, Simon Lacey, and Lynne C. Nygaard

Subjects
Grapheme, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Article, 050105 experimental psychology, Separable space, Perceptual Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Consistency (statistics), Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Synesthesia, Color psychology, 05 social sciences, Implicit-association test, medicine.disease, Uncorrelated, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Psychology, Color Perception, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Consistency of synesthetic associations over time is a widely used test of synesthesia. Since many studies suggest that consistency is not a completely reliable feature, we compared the consistency and strength of synesthetes’ grapheme-color associations. Consistency was measured by scores on the Synesthesia Battery and by the Euclidean distance in color space for the specific graphemes tested for each participant. Strength was measured by congruency magnitudes on the Implicit Association Test. The strength of associations was substantially greater for synesthetes than non-synesthetes, suggesting that this is a novel, objective marker of synesthesia. Although, intuitively, strong associations should also be consistent, consistency and strength were uncorrelated, indicating that they are likely independent, at least for grapheme-color synesthesia. These findings have implications for our understanding of synesthesia and for estimates of its prevalence since synesthetes who experience strong, but inconsistent, associations may not be identified by tests that focus solely on consistency.

Published
2021
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36. The role of training structure in perceptual learning of accented speech

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard, Jessica E. D. Alexander, Sabrina K. Sidaras, and Christina Y. Tzeng

Subjects
Adult, Speech recognition, Multilingualism, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Intelligibility (communication), Article, 050105 experimental psychology, Psycholinguistics, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Perceptual learning, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Speech Intelligibility, 05 social sciences, American English, Single factor, Speech Perception, Test performance, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Sentence
Abstract

Foreign-accented speech contains multiple sources of variation that listeners learn to accommodate. Extending previous findings showing that exposure to high-variation training facilitates perceptual learning of accented speech, the current study examines to what extent the structure of training materials affects learning. During training, native adult speakers of American English transcribed sentences spoken in English by native Spanish-speaking adults. In Experiment 1, training stimuli were blocked by speaker, sentence, or randomized with respect to speaker and sentence (Variable training). At test, listeners transcribed novel English sentences produced by unfamiliar Spanish-accented speakers. Listeners' transcription accuracy was highest in the Variable condition, suggesting that varying both speaker identity and sentence across training trials enabled listeners to generalize their learning to novel speakers and linguistic content. Experiment 2 assessed the extent to which ordering of training tokens by a single factor, speaker intelligibility, would facilitate speaker-independent accent learning, finding that listeners' test performance did not reliably differ from that in the no-training control condition. Overall, these results suggest that the structure of training exposure, specifically trial-to-trial variation on both speaker's voice and linguistic content, facilitates learning of the systematic properties of accented speech. The current findings suggest a crucial role of training structure in optimizing perceptual learning. Beyond characterizing the types of variation listeners encode in their representations of spoken utterances, theories of spoken language processing should incorporate the role of training structure in learning lawful variation in speech. (PsycINFO Database Record

Published
2016
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37. A second chance for a first impression: Lexically guided perceptual learning reflects cumulative experience with a talker's phonetic input

Author

Rachel M. Theodore, Christina Y. Tzeng, and Lynne C. Nygaard

Subjects
Stimulus (psychology), Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Perceptual learning, Speech sounds, Lexical knowledge, First impression (psychology), Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Listeners use lexical knowledge to modify the mapping from acoustics to speech sounds, but the timecourse of experience that informs lexically guided perceptual learning (LGPL) is unknown. Some data suggest that learning depends on initial exposure to atypical productions, while other data suggest that learning reflects only the most recent exposure. Here we seek to reconcile these findings by assessing the type and timecourse of exposure that promote robust LGPL. In experiment 1, listeners were exposed to ambiguous fricatives embedded in either /s/- or /∫/-biasing contexts and then categorized items from an ashi-asi continuum at test. Learning was observed; the /s/-bias group showed more asi responses compared to the /∫/-bias group. In experiment 2, listeners heard both clear and ambiguous productions. Order and lexical bias were manipulated between-subjects, and perceptual learning occurred regardless of the order in which the productions were heard. In experiment 3, listeners heard both /s/- and /∫/-biased productions. Order differed between two exposure groups, and no difference between groups was observed at test. Moreover, the results showed a monotonic decrease in learning across experiments, in line with decreasing exposure to stable lexically biasing contexts, and were replicated across novel stimulus sets. The current results did not replicate previous findings showing that either initial or most recent experience are critical for LGPL. Rather, LGPL appears to reflect an aggregation of a talker's input over time.

Published
2020
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38. Stimulus Parameters Underlying Sound-Symbolic Mapping of Auditory Pseudowords to Visual Shapes

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard, Yaseen A. Jamal, Krish Sathian, Simon Lacey, Sara M. List, and Kelly McCormick

Subjects
Auditory perception, Male, Symbolism, Jaccard index, Visual perception, Cognitive Neuroscience, Speech recognition, media_common.quotation_subject, Bouba/kiki effect, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Roundedness, Language Development, 050105 experimental psychology, Article, Silhouette, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Artificial Intelligence, Perception, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sound symbolism, media_common, Mathematics, Language, 05 social sciences, Sound, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Perception, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Sound symbolism refers to non-arbitrary mappings between the sounds of words and their meanings and is often studied by pairing auditory pseudowords such as "maluma" and "takete" with rounded and pointed visual shapes, respectively. However, it is unclear what auditory properties of pseudowords contribute to their perception as rounded or pointed. Here, we compared perceptual ratings of the roundedness/pointedness of large sets of pseudowords and shapes to their acoustic and visual properties using a novel application of representational similarity analysis (RSA). Representational dissimilarity matrices (RDMs) of the auditory and visual ratings of roundedness/pointedness were significantly correlated crossmodally. The auditory perceptual RDM correlated significantly with RDMs of spectral tilt, the temporal fast Fourier transform (FFT), and the speech envelope. Conventional correlational analyses showed that ratings of pseudowords transitioned from rounded to pointed as vocal roughness (as measured by the harmonics-to-noise ratio, pulse number, fraction of unvoiced frames, mean autocorrelation, shimmer, and jitter) increased. The visual perceptual RDM correlated significantly with RDMs of global indices of visual shape (the simple matching coefficient, image silhouette, image outlines, and Jaccard distance). Crossmodally, the RDMs of the auditory spectral parameters correlated weakly but significantly with those of the global indices of visual shape. Our work establishes the utility of RSA for analysis of large stimulus sets and offers novel insights into the stimulus parameters underlying sound symbolism, showing that sound-to-shape mapping is driven by acoustic properties of pseudowords and suggesting audiovisual cross-modal correspondence as a basis for language users' sensitivity to this type of sound symbolism.

Published
2018

39. Neural Basis of the Sound-Symbolic Crossmodal Correspondence Between Auditory Pseudowords and Visual Shapes

Author

Simon Lacey, Randall Stilla, Kelly McCormick, Lynne C. Nygaard, and Krish Sathian

Subjects
Symbolism, genetic structures, Cognitive Neuroscience, Precuneus, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Intraparietal sulcus, Article, Stimulus modality, Supramarginal gyrus, Neurolinguistics, medicine, Humans, Sound symbolism, Association (psychology), Sound (geography), Language, Brain Mapping, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, medicine.diagnostic_test, Crossmodal, Multisensory integration, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sensory Systems, Ophthalmology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Sound, Auditory Perception, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Crossmodal correspondences refer to associations between apparently unrelated stimulus features in different sensory modalities. Sound symbolism, a special class of crossmodal correspondence between the sounds of words and their meanings, has been studied by matching auditory pseudowords, e.g. ‘takete’ or ‘maluma’, with pointed or rounded visual shapes, respectively. We report here on a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in which participants were presented with audiovisual pseudoword-shape pairs that were sound symbolically congruent or incongruent. In whole-brain analyses, there were no significant neural congruency effects during attention to visual shapes, but when participants attended to the auditory pseudowords, we observed greater activity for incongruent compared to congruent (I > C) audiovisual pairs bilaterally in the intraparietal sulcus and neighboring supramarginal gyrus, and in the left middle frontal gyrus. Comparing these activations to independent functional localizers and additional region-of-interest analyses revealed no evidence for semantic mediation, and limited evidence for processes relating to multisensory integration and magnitude estimation as possible underlying mechanisms. Stronger support was found for a relationship to phonological processing and/or multisensory attention. Further, when attending to auditory pseudowords, incongruency (I > C) activation magnitudes in visual cortical foci and the precuneus were positively correlated, across participants, with preferences for visual object imagery, suggesting potential neural substrates for individual differences in sound symbolism. These findings are important for understanding a central question in neurolinguistics: the nature of sound-to-meaning mapping in the brain.

Published
2018
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40. Vocal alignment to native and non-native speakers of English

Author

Eva M. Lewandowski and Lynne C. Nygaard

Subjects
Speech Communication, Adult, Male, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, media_common.quotation_subject, 050109 social psychology, Multilingualism, Intelligibility (communication), 050105 experimental psychology, Native english, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Phonetics, Perception, Vowel, Humans, Speech, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, media_common, 05 social sciences, Cognitive architecture, Speech processing, Multiple factors, Speech Perception, Voice, Female, Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Research on vocal alignment, the tendency for language users to match another individual's speech productions, suggests that multiple factors contribute to this behavior. Social and motivational goals, aspects of cognitive architecture, and linguistic flexibility may all affect the extent to which vocal alignment occurs, suggesting complex underlying mechanisms. The present study capitalized on the social and linguistic characteristics of Spanish-accented English to examine the relationship among these contributors to vocal alignment. American English-speaking adults participated in a shadowing task. Degree of vocal alignment was assessed by both acoustic measures and independent raters' judgments. Participants aligned to both native English and Spanish-accented productions, despite differences in attitudes to and intelligibility of the different accents. Individual differences in shadowers' vowel dispersion were also related to extent of vocal alignment, with greater dispersion associated with greater alignment. Acoustic measures were related to perceptual assessments of alignment and differed by accent type, suggesting that patterns of alignment may differ across accents. Overall, the current study demonstrates vocal alignment between talkers of differing language backgrounds and highlights the importance of acoustic and linguistic components of alignment behavior.

Published
2018

41. Eye movements reveal persistent sensitivity to sound symbolism during word learning

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard, Kate Pirog Revill, and Laura L. Namy

Subjects
Adult, Male, Symbolism, Linguistics and Language, Vocabulary, media_common.quotation_subject, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Choice Behavior, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Association, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Sound symbolism, Association (psychology), Set (psychology), Eye Movement Measurements, media_common, Communication, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Eye movement, Pseudoword, Form Perception, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Speech Perception, Eye tracking, Female, business, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Although the relationship between sound and meaning in language is assumed to be largely arbitrary, reliable correspondences between sound and meaning in natural language appear to facilitate word learning. Using a set of independently normed pseudoword and shape stimuli, we examined the real-time effects of sound-to-shape correspondences at initial presentation and throughout an extended learning process resulting in high accuracy. In addition to accuracy and response time (RT) measures, we monitored participants' eye movements to investigate the extent to which visual orienting to objects is influenced by the sound symbolic characteristics of novel labels at initial exposure and throughout learning. Over the course of word learning, congruency of sound and shape properties affected both accuracy and RT with higher accuracy and faster responses for congruent than incongruent items. Eye tracking data reveal that congruent targets were fixated faster than incongruent targets throughout learning and that nontargets consistent with the sound symbolic properties of the word remained attractive distracters, even after overt behavioral differences in accuracy disappeared. This demonstrates the sustained influence of sound symbolism and the importance of sensitive, continuous measures of assessing sound symbolic effects in word learning and lexical processing. Arbitrariness resulted in better final individuation performance only when the arbitrary items were more phonologically distinct than the sound symbolic stimuli. These findings suggest that the advantages of sound symbolism may persist beyond early word learning and serve to significantly influence online lexical processing. (PsycINFO Database Record

Published
2017

42. Neural basis of the crossmodal correspondence between auditory pitch and visuospatial elevation

Author

Randall Stilla, Kelly McCormick, Lynne C. Nygaard, Krish Sathian, and Simon Lacey

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cognitive Neuroscience, Posterior parietal cortex, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Stimulus (physiology), Insular cortex, 050105 experimental psychology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Stimulus modality, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Attention, Pitch Perception, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, Crossmodal, Working memory, 05 social sciences, Multisensory integration, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory, Short-Term, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Perception, Visual Perception, Female, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Photic Stimulation
Abstract

Crossmodal correspondences refer to associations between otherwise unrelated stimulus features in different sensory modalities. For example, high and low auditory pitches are associated with high and low visuospatial elevation, respectively. The neural mechanisms underlying crossmodal correspondences are currently unknown. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural basis of the pitch-elevation correspondence. Pitch-elevation congruency effects were observed bilaterally in the inferior frontal and insular cortex, the right frontal eye field and right inferior parietal cortex. Independent functional localizers failed to provide strong evidence for any of three proposed mechanisms for crossmodal correspondences: semantic mediation, magnitude estimation, and multisensory integration. Instead, pitch-elevation congruency effects overlapped with areas selective for visually presented non-word strings relative to sentences, and with regions sensitive to audiovisual asynchrony. Taken together with the prior literature, the observed congruency effects are most consistent with mediation by multisensory attention.

Published
2017

43. Prosody in speech as a source of referential information

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard, Josephine Duan, Laura L. Namy, and Christina Y. Tzeng

Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic), Linguistics and Language, Communication, business.industry, Cognitive Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Semantics, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, Linguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, State (computer science), Prosody, business, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Spoken language
Abstract

Although prosody has primarily been assumed to convey information regarding linguistic structure and speakers’ emotional state, increasing evidence suggests that prosody also conveys referential details. We examined the extent to which language users produce and infer information from prosodic correlates to perceptual details in the visual modality, specifically colour brightness. In Experiments 1 and 2, speakers labelled colours that varied in brightness with either familiar colour names (e.g. red; Exp. 1) or novel words (e.g. blicket; Exp. 2). Speakers used higher pitch, shorter duration, and higher amplitude for novel words, but not for familiar colour names, when labelling brighter versus darker shades. Listeners in Experiment 3 reliably inferred the intended target colour referent from the recorded utterances obtained in Experiment 2. Findings suggest that prosody reflects cross-modal correspondences between auditory and visual domains and, like a type of vocal gesture, provides an additional channel of information that resolves referential ambiguity.

Published
2017
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44. Specificity and generalization in perceptual adaptation to systematic variation in speech

Author

Lynne C. Nygaard and Christina Y. Tzeng

Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic), Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Flexibility (personality), Degree (music), Subjective constancy, Variation (linguistics), Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Perceptual learning, Generalization (learning), Perception, Cognitive psychology, media_common
Abstract

A signature problem in our understanding of spoken language processing is listeners’ perceptual constancy in the face of considerable variability in the instantiation of linguistic form. Abundant evidence now suggests that listeners are sensitive to the fine-grained structure of linguistic units that signal differences among talkers and track and adapt to this structure during the perception of speech. This talk will present data from a perceptual learning paradigm addressing both the constraints and flexibility of speech perceptual mechanisms. The aim was to address the degree to which exposure to variation in and expectations about talker- and group-specific attributes influence the degree of specificity and generalization in the perceptual adaptation process. Listeners were exposed to talker-dependent variation in a linguistic form, and expectations about talker characteristics were manipulated. The results suggest that listeners dynamically adapt to and encode systematic changes in the linguistic category structure as a function of expectation and appear to flexibly integrate talker- and group-dependent sources of variation into linguistic representation and processing.A signature problem in our understanding of spoken language processing is listeners’ perceptual constancy in the face of considerable variability in the instantiation of linguistic form. Abundant evidence now suggests that listeners are sensitive to the fine-grained structure of linguistic units that signal differences among talkers and track and adapt to this structure during the perception of speech. This talk will present data from a perceptual learning paradigm addressing both the constraints and flexibility of speech perceptual mechanisms. The aim was to address the degree to which exposure to variation in and expectations about talker- and group-specific attributes influence the degree of specificity and generalization in the perceptual adaptation process. Listeners were exposed to talker-dependent variation in a linguistic form, and expectations about talker characteristics were manipulated. The results suggest that listeners dynamically adapt to and encode systematic changes in the linguistic cate...

Published
2019
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45. Production of K∗(892)0 and ϕ(1020) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7\ \mathrm{TeV}$

Author

S. Yasnopolskiy, R. Ma, M. Lechman, G. D Erasmo, A. K. Bhati, Henrik Qvigstad, J. Castillo Castellanos, F. Kramer, Cinzia Luzzi, Annalisa Mastroserio, Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus, E. Serradilla, M. Pachr, H. Buesching, H. Son, E. Almaráz Aviña, P. Di Nezza, Paolo Giubellino, M. Cherney, M. Vala, E. G. Ferreiro, I. Kulakov, Y. Pachmayer, M. Malaev, J. Mazer, A. N. Mishra, Ketil Røed, Jørgen André Lien, A. Badalà, S. K. Oh, G. Simatovic, I. Hřivnáčová, T. C. Awes, E. Nappi, B. Guerzoni, G. Steyn, H. R. Schmidt, Djuvsland, Boris Wagner, F. Coccetti, M. D. Azmi, G. M. Urciuoli, G. De Cataldo, D. Das, Y. Corrales Morales, V. Punin, M. Płoskoń, N. Smirnov, M. Bregant, M. K. Köhler, A. Rachevski, A. Fedunov, M. Masera, A. Menchaca-Rocha, M. Zyzak, S. Dash, A. Pulvirenti, M. A. Mazzoni, J. J. Gaardhøje, E. Cruz Alaniz, O. Ivanytskyi, C. Mitu, D. D. Chinellato, D. M. Jha, J. Mlynarz, S. S. Räsänen, Martin Poghosyan, J. W. Harris, C. Cavicchioli, D. Evans, T. Dobrowolski, A. Pavlinov, Y. Berdnikov, Evgeny Kryshen, E. Dénes, H. Hamagaki, Y. Kharlov, V. Grabski, P. Kaliňák, D. Zhou, M. A. Subieta Vásquez, V. Loginov, D. R. Gangadharan, M. Szymanski, Latchezar Betev, E. Cuautle, L. Luquin, A. Passfeld, M. G. Munhoz, H. Torii, Maxime Guilbaud, A. Kuryakin, A. Vyushin, Peter Zahariev Hristov, M. Haiduc, N. Kondratyeva, T. Niida, M. Sukhorukov, Madan M. Aggarwal, J. Bielčíková, P. Braun-Munzinger, P. Camerini, M. Marchisone, A. Matyja, S. U. Chung, D. S. Hwang, Dayong Wang, I. Belikov, A. Fernández Téllez, D. Perini, J. Stachel, M. Bogolyubsky, You Zhou, Kjetil Ullaland, M. A.S. Figueredo, D. Mal'Kevich, B. Sitar, L. Cifarelli, Kenta Shigaki, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, S. Böttger, A. Grelli, L. Vannucci, Meng Wang, J. Thäder, R. A. Soltz, M. Bombara, J. Putschke, K. Šafařík, C. Schmidt, M. Broz, A. A. Rademakers, J. G. Contreras, P. González-Zamora, U. Westerhoff, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, A. Jusko, Filippo Costa, B. Hippolyte, P. Ladron de Guevara, Betty Abelev, G. Viesti, S. Serci, Roberto Preghenella, B. Fenton-Olsen, L. Manceau, J. Sarkamo, C. Di Giglio, Federico Carminati, Despina Hatzifotiadou, Stefan Kirsch, T. Pawlak, C. Bianchin, F. Guber, J. Yoon, Werner Riegler, R. C. Baral, R. Scott, Hannes Jung, Z. L. Matthews, N. K. Behera, R. Romita, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, V. Kondratiev, S. Sambyal, C. Baumann, I. Kraus, F. Painke, E. Gladysz-Dziadus, A. Rakotozafindrabe, A. Palmeri, A. K. Dutta Majumdar, Ian Gardner Bearden, P. Rosnet, G. S. Pappalardo, J. Seo, A. A.P. Suaide, I. Maldonado Cervantes, T. Horaguchi, Y. Sibiriak, H. H. Dalsgaard, A. Fantoni, C. Søgaard, G. G. Barnaföldi, V. Wagner, Gunnar Løvhøiden, Lawrence S. Pinsky, H. Gutbrod, M. M. Khan, Y. Hori, Y. Martynov, J. Adam, M. Song, A. Zarochentsev, N. Grion, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, C. Schiaua, Olja Dordic, R. Smakal, O. Villalobos Baillie, A. Baldit, Z. Buthelezi, S. Di Liberto, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, C. Ivan, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Alexander Akindinov, P. A. Scott, T. J. Humanic, I. Selyuzhenkov, Kyrre Skjerdal, A. Ramírez Reyes, Sergey Filchagin, B. Vulpescu, F. Krizek, G. V. Margagliotti, Andrew Ivanov, R. Tieulent, S. U. Ahn, R. de Rooij, V. Papikyan, X. G. Lu, M. Vajzer, D. Falchieri, Stefania Bufalino, Carlos A. Salgado, V. Chibante Barroso, Raghunath Sahoo, A. Lardeux, R. Bala, Serhiy Senyukov, Stefan Rossegger, G. Puddu, R. T. Jimenez Bustamante, A. Bercuci, A. Dainese, S. Zaporozhets, C. Cicalo, G. Ortona, V. Petráček, I. Domínguez, Dominik Fehlker, T. Karavicheva, J. Kumar, P. Crochet, A. Deloff, P. K. Sahu, I. Das, J. Mercado Pérez, L. D. Hanratty, Leonardo Milano, O. Vikhlyantsev, P. Antonioli, S. Basu, Seog Oh, T. Virgili, D. B. Piyarathna, B. Windelband, S. K. Pal, G. Conesa Balbastre, Jon Christopher Wikne, Michele Floris, Giacomo Bruno, P. Ghosh, F. Scarlassara, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Rune Langøy, A. Margotti, M. Petran, B. Bathen, F. Cindolo, Giuseppe Simonetti, N. Novitzky, Z. Vilakazi, Luciana Bianchi, A. Gago, B. Rodrigues Fernandes Rabacal, Suvadeep Bose, M. Lunardon, I. Kisel, K. Das, Wisla Carena, V. Canoa Roman, I. Chawla, C. Pajares, A. Mischke, M. A. Diaz Corchero, M. A. Janik, M. I. Martínez, Natasha Sharma, S. Muhuri, J. P. Revol, S. Nikolaev, E. Scapparone, M. Botje, C. Garabatos, Alexandru Florin Dobrin, A. Hayrapetyan, R. Varma, R. Ichou, L. Ramello, E. Fragiacomo, Hans Muller, X. Yuan, D. Thomas, D. Berenyi, A. Konevskikh, P. Lévai, A. Baldisseri, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, H. Bøggild, P. Strmen, D. Fabris, Bruno Alessandro, J. Saini, J. Otwinowski, M. Veldhoen, X. Zhu, R. Averbeck, D. Finogeev, A. Vodopyanov, S. Navin, A. Ahmad Masoodi, D. Silvermyr, L. H. González-Trueba, V. Paticchio, A. Vargas, B. Grinyov, P. Pillot, C. Mayer, M. Morando, A. Karasu Uysal, M. Krelina, V. Singhal, N. De Marco, Vladimir Vechernin, A. Maevskaya, Ulrich Fuchs, C. Hadjidakis, M. Šumbera, S. Gorbunov, R. Sultanov, K. K. Loo, Sedat Altinpinar, T. K. Nayak, N. Bock, P. L.M. Podesta-Lerma, Y. Zoccarato, R. Alfaro Molina, D. De Gruttola, Artur Krzysztof Szostak, Eva Sicking, E. Montes, Do-Won Kim, L. Valencia Palomo, Vito Manzari, A. Mas, L. Cunqueiro, E. M. Fiore, I. Garishvili, Bjarte Kileng, Rodolfo Russo, R. Lietava, Junjie Zhu, E. Ryabinkin, X. Sanchez Castro, Romualdo Santoro, M. Arslandok, G. Bencedi, M. Heide, A. Wilk, L. Malinina, I. Altsybeev, T. Dietel, A. Martínez Davalos, G. Wilk, E. Chiavassa, A. Zimmermann, Ionel Stan, G. Hamar, P. M. Jacobs, C. Roy, E. Mudnic, S. L. La Pointe, Andrea Festanti, Johannes Peter Wessels, B. Chang, Enrico Scomparin, N. Arbor, D. Miśkowiec, Seema Sharma, M. Leoncino, H. Borel, Mihaela Gheata, S. Singha, G. Martínez García, G. Stefanek, D. P. Mahapatra, P. Christiansen, Meidana Huang, N. Bianchi, L. Feldkamp, G. Aglieri Rinella, S. Sadovsky, S. Moretto, Néstor Armesto, Jurgen Schukraft, G. Nooren, Christian Lippmann, P. Christakoglou, Dagmar Adamová, Adriana Telesca, D. Rathee, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Antonio Rossi, F. Zhou, I. León Monzón, F. M. Fionda, G.F. Segato, D. I. Patalakha, E. Quercigh, P. Reichelt, F. Carena, K. Schwarz, I. Sputowska, F. Ronchetti, S. Vergara, K. Koch, T. Chujo, M. Krzewicki, Rene Brun, Giacomo Volpe, F. Noferini, J. Ulrich, V. Ivanov, M. R. Cosentino, A. R. Timmins, O. Driga, Francesca Bellini, Domenico Di Bari, M. J. Kweon, P. H.S.Y. Jayarathna, E. Incani, N. van der Kolk, A. Mamonov, J. Bielčík, Steffen Schreiner, M. Mukherjee, B. Potukuchi, J. S. Kim, D. Sakata, D. Emschermann, B. Espagnon, I. Berceanu, L. Boldizsár, G. Paić, P. Vande Vyvre, R. C. Lemmon, K. Strabykin, S. Porteboeuf-Houssais, R. Grajcarek, Z. Yin, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, P. Pujahari, L. Ducroux, Andrew Marshall Adare, M. Stolpovskiy, S. Fokin, Min Suk Kim, P. Khan, V. Samsonov, R. Wan, A. Uras, V. Manko, B. von Haller, A. Reshetin, Magnus Mager, M. C. S. Williams, B. Kim, E. Stenlund, Y.W. Baek, M. Sitta, P. Cortese, S. Piano, Ermanno Vercellin, In-kwon Yoo, Y. Miake, R. Schicker, Christina Markert, R. Keidel, C. Lazzeroni, S. Masciocchi, M. E. Cotallo, F. Barile, HT Yang, L. Vickovic, M. Bach, M. Fasel, K. Gulbrandsen, F. Tosello, T. Moon, R. Kour, Alexander Kluge, T. Alt, F. Padilla, V. R. Loggins, S. Pochybova, G. Ovrebekk, M. Chojnacki, A. Khanzadeev, A. Kazantsev, S. Kalcher, A. R. Reolon, V. Grigoriev, Y. Pestov, Domenico Colella, Andrea Francescon, M. Ippolitov, Arturo Tauro, Rachid Guernane, R. Lea, A. Alkin, T. Krawutschke, Chiara Zampolli, A. Andronic, S. Aguilar Salazar, Marian Krivda, Zubayer Ahammed, Bedangadas Mohanty, U. Frankenfeld, M. Estienne, J. D. Tapia Takaki, Andre Augustinus, T. Peitzmann, L. Molnar, A. Borissov, F. Lefèvre, E. Belmont-Moreno, Se Yong Kim, M. Zynovyev, L. K. Graczykowski, M. R. Dutta Majumdar, F. Prino, J. Faivre, Shiming Yang, V. Altini, A. A.E. Bergognon, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, Johan Alme, Svein Lindal, C. Kuhn, Matthias Richter, T. Siemiarczuk, P. Zelnicek, D. Perrino, J. H. Kim, Mihai Niculescu, J. Salzwedel, E. Perez Lezama, B. A. Hess, X. Lopez, R. Janik, S. Esumi, J. F. Kral, T. Sugitate, I. C. Arsene, V. Kakoyan, Joakim Nystrand, M. Irfan, A. Dubla, R. Singaraju, Marta Verweij, R. Nania, M. Inaba, R. Singh, P. Nomokonov, A. Bilandzic, C. Ceballos Sanchez, V. Kushpil, L. Leistam, D. Stocco, Y. P. Viyogi, A. Bogdanov, K. Shtejer, K. Voloshin, C. Petta, C. Terrevoli, A. Vasiliev, E. A. R. Casula, H. Engel, M. R. Girard, T. Richert, Yajun Mao, S. Kiselev, A. Szczepankiewicz, R. Bellwied, Kristin Fanebust Hetland, M. Steinpreis, A. J. Rubio Montero, Hans Peter Beck, G. R. Lee, K. Schweda, Mads Stormo Nilsson, G. Herrera Corral, R. P. Scharenberg, Attiq Ur Rehman, R. Raniwala, L. Xaplanteris Karampatsos, A. De Caro, A. B. Kurepin, V. Nikulin, L. Montaño Zetina, L. Vinogradov, D. Elia, T. Sinha, M. van Leeuwen, M. Hartig, V. Pospíšil, M. Nicassio, Z. Harmanova, D. Lohner, S. Lohn, A. Masoni, J. Pluta, N. P. Naumov, M. Petrovici, S. Sakai, M. Pikna, A. Pop, C. Lara, D. Felea, C. Geuna, Giulio Usai, I. Martashvili, S. Nazarenko, T. Antičić, J. Wiechula, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, F. Bossú, X. D. Cai, J. S. Real, A. Rodriguez Manso, Dieter Røhrich, C. Klein-Bösing, R. Arnaldi, A. De Falco, A. Tarazona Martinez, H. Zbroszczyk, H. Sakaguchi, J. Ulery, J. Oleniacz, W. Park, F. Blanco, J. Takahashi, P. G. Jones, M. Wilde, Lee Stuart Barnby, A. Nyatha, J. Rak, Davide Caffarri, R. Turrisi, A. Tumkin, Raimond Snellings, T. Susa, Probir Roy, S. Schuchmann, Alberica Toia, A. Jacholkowski, T. Aronsson, E. Karpechev, M. Krus, B. T. Rascanu, B. Cheynis, Andreas Morsch, S. Kox, P. Glässel, R. Santo, T. A. Browning, N. Bastid, H. Caines, J. Bartke, V. Anguelov, C. Silvestre, M. A. Lisa, D. Peresunko, J. Mareš, B. Polichtchouk, J. H. Stiller, J. H. Kang, A. Goswami, A. K. Dubey, Paolo Pagano, S. Sano, Y. Kucheriaev, Airton Deppman, Giacomo Contin, N. Herrmann, C. Blume, M. Germain, L. Jirden, G. Batigne, C. Zach, M. Putiš, A. Dash, C. Guerra Gutierrez, R. Rui, Ruben Shahoyan, A. Di Mauro, A. Maire, I. Szarka, A. Pesci, K. Reygers, Satyajit Jena, E. Pereira De Oliveira Filho, L. Liu, T. Gunji, R. Barbera, J. Gerhard, Sergei A. Voloshin, M. Gallio, Roberto Divia, Dimitry Aleksandrov, O. Busch, P. Dupieux, G. Cara Romeo, M. Vasileiou, Adrian Sevcenco, Y. Wang, L. Aphecetche, S. De, Radiy Ilkaev, R. Bailhache, V. Kaplin, E. Garcia-Solis, I. Ilkiv, Rajat Gupta, C. A. Pruneau, R. Renfordt, Y. Le Bornec, A. Piccotti, J. Cepila, I. Králik, T. Breitner, Huaqiao Zhang, I. Yushmanov, W. Yu, P. Petrov, M. Meres, M. Ivanov, J. Lehnert, Thanushan Kugathasan, H. Delagrange, M. Fusco Girard, I. S. Zgura, D. Hasegan, E. Braidot, Juha Äystö, Alexander Vinogradov, A. Korneev, S. Nikulin, Paolo Martinengo, B. Boyer, S. Arcelli, Y. Yamaguchi, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, L. Riccati, V. Muccifora, Costin Grigoras, Vladimir Peskov, A. Nyanin, K. Oyama, S. Raniwala, A. Danu, M. Reicher, S. Bjelogrlic, P. Malzacher, Roberta Ferretti, S. Grigoryan, P. La Rocca, F. Soramel, Paraskevi Ganoti, M. Basile, R. Gomez, V. Trubnikov, Petra Riedler, Shinhong Kim, A. Palaha, G. Luparello, B. Hicks, V. Lenti, T. Kollegger, A. Oskarsson, Dario Berzano, Gyulnara Eyyubova, J. Y. Grossiord, B. K. Srivastava, J. Bán, C. Oppedisano, G. Stefanini, G. A. Feofilov, Renato Angelo Ricci, A. Rybicki, Andrei Gheata, P. Cerello, F. Rettig, J. Bhom, S. Gotovac, M. Rodríguez Cahuantzi, I. Cortés Maldonado, S. Puchagin, Raffaele Grosso, B. S. Nilsen, S. Vallero, C. Nattrass, D. Blau, J. Song, A. Kurepin, Andrea Alici, G. Shabratova, Yves Roland Schutz, V. Barret, T. S. Räihä, Somnath Choudhury, Nazeer Ahmad, Alina Gabriela Grigoras, L. Šándor, Shaista Khan, A. Agostinelli, B. C. Sinha, Borge Svane Nielsen, David Michael Rohr, M. Kretz, O. Karavichev, E. Calvo Villar, Csaba Soos, Jochen Klein, Trine Spedstad Tveter, A. Gupta, K. F. Read, T. Tsuji, J. Luo, A. Nedosekin, Y. Kwon, B. Ghidini, Antonino Zichichi, J. L. Klay, C. Furget, M. Gagliardi, H. León Vargas, Marek Kowalski, P. T. Hille, U. Kebschull, C. Nygaard, M. Venaruzzo, Michael Linus Knichel, Gian Michele Innocenti, Håvard Helstrup, A. Grigoryan, J. Book, G. Zinovjev, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, Stefania Beole, A. Hansen, C. Loizides, H. Pereira Da Costa, M. Petris, N. Zaviyalov, P. Gianotti, D. Vranic, E. Bruna, J. Figiel, C. Andrei, M. Monteno, Podist Kurashvili, F. Riggi, A. G. Knospe, S. T. Heckel, Igor Pshenichnov, N. Pitz, J. Yi, Jovan Milosevic, C. A. Marin Tobon, A. Herghelegiu, E. López Torres, H. Appelshäuser, A. Bhasin, J. de Cuveland, P. Foka, A. Marin, Franco Meddi, Hege Austrheim Erdal, C. Suire, S. De Pasquale, A. Musso, C. G. Yaldo, Dong Jo Kim, B. Batyunya, P. Luettig, A. Kolojvari, V. Catanescu, Peter Chochula, C. E. Pérez Lara, A. G. Agocs, T. Kalliokoski, Z. Conesa del Valle, A. Sandoval, T. M. Cormier, R. Vernet, K. Watanabe, V. Demanov, J. L. Charvet, M. Zhalov, P. Constantin, Haaland, Federico Antinori, A. Casanova Díaz, V. Lindenstruth, Ombretta Pinazza, Tae Jeong Kim, G. Nazarov, C. H. Christensen, Kyong Sei Lee, S. Kushpil, P. G. Kuijer, A. Szanto de Toledo, A. Shabetai, M. Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, J. Vrláková, J. Anielski, Xiaoming Zhang, Krzysztof Redlich, J. Urbán, M. Siciliano, Shih-Chang Lee, Y. Vinogradov, D. Budnikov, A. Ferretti, P. Závada, M. Sano, Igor Lakomov, Benjamin Donigus, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, F. Piuz, G. Scioli, R. Baldini Ferroli, W. Peryt, B. K. Nandi, Luciano Musa, W. H. Trzaska, G. O.V. de Barros, S. Foertsch, Marc Weber, F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, Sylvain Chapeland, F. Manso, B. Abelev, J. Adam, D. Adamová, A. M. Adare, M. M. Aggarwal, G. Aglieri Rinella, A. G. Agoc, A. Agostinelli, S. Aguilar Salazar, Z. Ahammed, A. Ahmad Masoodi, N. Ahmad, S. U. Ahn, A. Akindinov, D. Aleksandrov, B. Alessandro, R. Alfaro Molina, A. Alici, A. Alkin, E. Almaráz Aviña, J. Alme, T. Alt, V. Altini, S. Altinpinar, I. Altsybeev, C. Andrei, A. Andronic, V. Anguelov, J. Anielski, T. Antičić, F. Antinori, P. Antonioli, L. Aphecetche, H. Appelshäuser, N. Arbor, S. Arcelli, N. Armesto, R. Arnaldi, T. Aronsson, I. C. Arsene, M. Arslandok, A. Augustinu, R. Averbeck, T. C. Awe, J. Äystö, M. D. Azmi, M. Bach, A. Badalà, Y. W. Baek, R. Bailhache, R. Bala, R. Baldini Ferroli, A. Baldisseri, A. Baldit, F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, J. Bán, R. C. Baral, R. Barbera, F. Barile, G. G. Barnaföldi, L. S. Barnby, V. Barret, J. Bartke, M. Basile, N. Bastid, S. Basu, B. Bathen, G. Batigne, B. Batyunya, C. Baumann, I. G. Bearden, H. Beck, N. K. Behera, I. Belikov, F. Bellini, R. Bellwied, E. Belmont-Moreno, G. Bencedi, S. Beole, I. Berceanu, A. Bercuci, Y. Berdnikov, D. Berenyi, A. A. E. Bergognon, D. Berzano, L. Betev, A. Bhasin, A. K. Bhati, J. Bhom, L. Bianchi, N. Bianchi, C. Bianchin, J. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, A. Bilandzic, S. Bjelogrlic, F. Blanco, D. Blau, C. Blume, N. Bock, S. Böttger, A. Bogdanov, H. Bøggild, M. Bogolyubsky, L. Boldizsár, M. Bombara, J. Book, H. Borel, A. Borissov, S. Bose, F. Bossú, M. Botje, B. Boyer, E. Braidot, P. Braun-Munzinger, M. Bregant, T. 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Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 01 natural sciences, Omega, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, pp collision, Nuclear magnetic resonance, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), pp collisions, Kaons production, Phi production, Physics, Annihilation, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ALICE experiment, P-P collision, Particle ratios, Strangeness production, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Bar (unit)
Abstract

The production of K *(892) 0 and φ{symbol}(1020) in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV was measured by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The yields and the transverse momentum spectra d 2N/dydp T at midrapidity {pipe}y{pipe}

Published
2012

46. Charge correlations using the balance function in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Author

B. Abelev, J. Adam, D. Adamová, A.M. Adare, M.M. Aggarwal, G. Aglieri Rinella, M. Agnello, A.G. Agocs, A. Agostinelli, Z. Ahammed, N. Ahmad, A. Ahmad Masoodi, S.U. Ahn, S.A. Ahn, M. Ajaz, A. Akindinov, D. Aleksandrov, B. Alessandro, A. Alici, A. Alkin, E. Almaráz Aviña, J. Alme, T. Alt, V. Altini, S. Altinpinar, I. Altsybeev, C. Andrei, A. Andronic, V. Anguelov, J. Anielski, C. Anson, T. Antičić, F. Antinori, P. Antonioli, L. Aphecetche, H. Appelshäuser, N. Arbor, S. Arcelli, A. Arend, N. Armesto, R. Arnaldi, T. Aronsson, I.C. Arsene, M. Arslandok, A. Asryan, A. Augustinus, R. Averbeck, T.C. Awes, J. Äystö, M.D. Azmi, M. Bach, A. Badalà, Y.W. Baek, R. Bailhache, R. Bala, R. Baldini Ferroli, A. Baldisseri, F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, J. Bán, R.C. Baral, R. Barbera, F. Barile, G.G. Barnaföldi, L.S. Barnby, V. Barret, J. Bartke, M. Basile, N. Bastid, S. Basu, B. Bathen, G. Batigne, B. Batyunya, C. Baumann, I.G. Bearden, H. Beck, N.K. Behera, I. Belikov, F. Bellini, R. Bellwied, E. Belmont-Moreno, G. Bencedi, S. Beole, I. Berceanu, A. Bercuci, Y. Berdnikov, D. Berenyi, A.A.E. Bergognon, D. Berzano, L. Betev, A. Bhasin, A.K. Bhati, J. Bhom, N. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, J. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, A. Bilandzic, S. Bjelogrlic, F. Blanco, D. Blau, C. Blume, M. Boccioli, S. Böttger, A. Bogdanov, H. Bøggild, M. Bogolyubsky, L. Boldizsár, M. Bombara, J. Book, H. Borel, A. Borissov, F. Bossú, M. Botje, E. Botta, E. Braidot, P. Braun-Munzinger, M. Bregant, T. Breitner, T.A. Broker, T.A. Browning, M. Broz, R. Brun, E. Bruna, G.E. Bruno, D. Budnikov, H. Buesching, S. Bufalino, P. Buncic, O. Busch, Z. Buthelezi, D. Caffarri, X. Cai, H. Caines, E. Calvo Villar, P. Camerini, V. Canoa Roman, G. Cara Romeo, F. Carena, W. Carena, N. Carlin Filho, F. Carminati, A. Casanova Díaz, J. Castillo Castellanos, J.F. Castillo Hernandez, E.A.R. Casula, V. Catanescu, C. Cavicchioli, C. Ceballos Sanchez, J. Cepila, P. Cerello, B. Chang, S. Chapeland, J.L. Charvet, S. Chattopadhyay, I. Chawla, M. Cherney, C. Cheshkov, B. Cheynis, V. Chibante Barroso, D.D. Chinellato, P. Chochula, M. Chojnacki, S. Choudhury, P. Christakoglou, C.H. Christensen, P. Christiansen, T. Chujo, S.U. Chung, C. Cicalo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, J. Cleymans, F. Coccetti, F. Colamaria, D. Colella, A. Collu, G. Conesa Balbastre, Z. Conesa del Valle, M.E. Connors, G. Contin, J.G. Contreras, T.M. Cormier, Y. Corrales Morales, P. Cortese, I. Cortés Maldonado, M.R. Cosentino, F. Costa, M.E. Cotallo, E. Crescio, P. Crochet, E. Cruz Alaniz, R. Cruz Albino, E. Cuautle, L. Cunqueiro, A. Dainese, H.H. Dalsgaard, A. Danu, S. Das, D. Das, K. Das, I. Das, S. Dash, A. Dash, S. De, G.O.V. de Barros, A. De Caro, G. de Cataldo, J. de Cuveland, A. De Falco, D. De Gruttola, H. Delagrange, A. Deloff, N. De Marco, E. Dénes, S. De Pasquale, A. Deppman, G. D Erasmo, R. de Rooij, M.A. Diaz Corchero, D. Di Bari, T. Dietel, C. Di Giglio, S. Di Liberto, A. Di Mauro, P. Di Nezza, R. Divià, Ø. Djuvsland, A. Dobrin, T. Dobrowolski, B. Dönigus, O. Dordic, O. Driga, A.K. Dubey, A. Dubla, L. Ducroux, P. Dupieux, A.K. Dutta Majumdar, D. Elia, D. Emschermann, H. Engel, B. Erazmus, H.A. Erdal, B. Espagnon, M. Estienne, S. Esumi, D. Evans, G. Eyyubova, D. Fabris, J. Faivre, D. Falchieri, A. Fantoni, M. Fasel, R. Fearick, D. Fehlker, L. Feldkamp, D. Felea, A. Feliciello, B. Fenton-Olsen, G. Feofilov, A. Fernández Téllez, A. Ferretti, A. Festanti, J. Figiel, M.A.S. Figueredo, S. Filchagin, D. Finogeev, F.M. Fionda, E.M. Fiore, E. Floratos, M. Floris, S. Foertsch, P. Foka, S. Fokin, E. Fragiacomo, A. Francescon, U. Frankenfeld, U. Fuchs, C. Furget, M. Fusco Girard, J.J. Gaardhøje, M. Gagliardi, A. Gago, M. Gallio, D.R. Gangadharan, P. Ganoti, C. Garabatos, E. Garcia-Solis, C. Gargiulo, I. Garishvili, J. Gerhard, M. Germain, C. Geuna, A. Gheata, M. Gheata, B. Ghidini, P. Ghosh, P. Gianotti, M.R. Girard, P. Giubellino, E. Gladysz-Dziadus, P. Glässel, R. Gomez, E.G. Ferreiro, L.H. González-Trueba, P. González-Zamora, S. 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Wiechula, J. Wikne, M. Wilde, G. Wilk, A. Wilk, M.C.S. Williams, B. Windelband, M. Winn, L. Xaplanteris Karampatsos, C.G. Yaldo, Y. Yamaguchi, S. Yang, H. Yang, S. Yasnopolskiy, J. Yi, Z. Yin, I.-K. Yoo, J. Yoon, W. Yu, X. Yuan, I. Yushmanov, V. Zaccolo, C. Zach, C. Zampolli, S. Zaporozhets, A. Zarochentsev, P. Závada, N. Zaviyalov, H. Zbroszczyk, P. Zelnicek, I.S. Zgura, M. Zhalov, X. Zhang, H. Zhang, F. Zhou, Y. Zhou, D. Zhou, J. Zhu, X. Zhu, H. Zhu, A. Zichichi, A. Zimmermann, G. Zinovjev, Y. Zoccarato, M. Zynovyev, and M. Zyzak

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Charge conservation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, Charge (physics), Parton, 01 natural sciences, Electric charge, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, the correlations between the emitted particles can be used as a probe to gain insight into the charge creation mechanisms. In this Letter, we report the first results of such studies using the electric charge balance function in the relative pseudorapidity (Delta eta) and azimuthal angle (Delta phi) in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The width of the balance function decreases with growing centrality (i.e. for more central collisions) in both projections. This centrality dependence is not reproduced by HIJING, while AMPT, a model which incorporates strings and parton rescattering, exhibits qualitative agreement with the measured correlations in Delta phi but fails to describe the correlations in Delta eta. A thermal blast-wave model incorporating local charge conservation and tuned to describe the p(T) spectra and v(2) measurements reported by ALICE, is used to fit the centrality dependence of the width of the balance function and to extract the average separation of balancing charges at freeze-out. The comparison of our results with measurements at lower energies reveals an ordering with root s(NN): the balance functions become narrower with increasing energy for all centralities. This is consistent with the effect of larger radial flow at the LHC energies but also with the late stage creation scenario of balancing charges. However, the relative decrease of the balance function widths in Delta eta and Delta phi, with centrality from the highest SPS to the LHC energy exhibits only small differences. This observation cannot be interpreted solely within the framework where the majority of the charge is produced at a later stage in the evolution of the heavy-ion collision. (C) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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47. Centrality dependence of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Author

B. Abelev, J. Adam, D. Adamová, A.M. Adare, M.M. Aggarwal, G. Aglieri Rinella, A.G. Agocs, A. Agostinelli, S. Aguilar Salazar, Z. Ahammed, N. Ahmad, A. Ahmad Masoodi, S.A. Ahn, S.U. Ahn, A. Akindinov, D. Aleksandrov, B. Alessandro, R. Alfaro Molina, A. Alici, A. Alkin, E. Almaráz Aviña, J. Alme, T. Alt, V. Altini, S. Altinpinar, I. Altsybeev, C. Andrei, A. Andronic, V. Anguelov, J. Anielski, C. Anson, T. Antičić, F. Antinori, P. Antonioli, L. Aphecetche, H. Appelshäuser, N. Arbor, S. Arcelli, A. Arend, N. Armesto, R. Arnaldi, T. Aronsson, I.C. Arsene, M. Arslandok, A. Asryan, A. Augustinus, R. Averbeck, T.C. Awes, J. Äystö, M.D. Azmi, M. Bach, A. Badalà, Y.W. Baek, R. Bailhache, R. Bala, R. Baldini Ferroli, A. Baldisseri, A. Baldit, F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, J. Bán, R.C. Baral, R. Barbera, F. Barile, G.G. Barnaföldi, L.S. Barnby, V. Barret, J. Bartke, M. Basile, N. Bastid, S. Basu, B. Bathen, G. Batigne, B. Batyunya, C. Baumann, I.G. Bearden, H. Beck, N.K. Behera, I. Belikov, F. 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Wang, M. Wang, Y. Wang, K. Watanabe, M. Weber, J.P. Wessels, U. Westerhoff, J. Wiechula, J. Wikne, M. Wilde, A. Wilk, G. Wilk, M.C.S. Williams, B. Windelband, L. Xaplanteris Karampatsos, C.G. Yaldo, Y. Yamaguchi, S. Yang, H. Yang, S. Yasnopolskiy, J. Yi, Z. Yin, I.-K. Yoo, J. Yoon, W. Yu, X. Yuan, I. Yushmanov, V. Zaccolo, C. Zach, C. Zampolli, S. Zaporozhets, A. Zarochentsev, P. Závada, N. Zaviyalov, H. Zbroszczyk, P. Zelnicek, I.S. Zgura, M. Zhalov, X. Zhang, H. Zhang, F. Zhou, Y. Zhou, D. Zhou, J. Zhu, X. Zhu, A. Zichichi, A. Zimmermann, G. Zinovjev, Y. Zoccarato, M. Zynovyev, and M. Zyzak

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Charged particle, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Distribution (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The inclusive transverse momentum (p(T)) distributions of primary charged particles are measured in the pseudo-rapidity range vertical bar eta vertical bar 30 GeV/c. In peripheral collisions (70-80%), only moderate suppression (R-AA approximate to 0.6-0.7) and a weak p(T) dependence is observed. The measured nuclear modification factors are compared to other measurements and model calculations. (C) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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48. Anisotropic flow of charged hadrons, pions and (anti-)protons measured at high transverse momentum in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Author

V. Lenti, B. Grinyov, Ulrich Fuchs, Philippe Pillot, L. Cunqueiro, Meidana Huang, M. Steinpreis, D. S. Hwang, Enrichetta Maria Fiore, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Sergey Nazarenko, Betty Abelev, Jeewon Seo, C. Di Giglio, R. Romita, Premomoy Ghosh, A. Szczepankiewicz, Brigitte Cheynis, Sami Sakari Rasanen, Andrew Marshall Adare, Petr Zavada, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Deepika Rathee, R. P. Scharenberg, Christina Markert, Hannes Jung, Cenek Zach, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, Hideki Hamagaki, Gunnar Løvhøiden, Motoi Inaba, X. Cai, Anselmo Margotti, Ionel Stan, Ajay Kumar Dash, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Kyong Sei Lee, Jan Rak, Yu.N. Pestov, Ante Bilandzic, M. R. Dutta Majumdar, Andrea Alici, Sona Pochybova, N. Zaviyalov, Sandro Bjelogrlic, Ajit Kumar Mohanty, V. R. Loggins, S. Kox, G. Hamar, Indranil Das, J. H. Kim, L. Leistam, V. Altini, Panagiotis Christakoglou, M. Bogolyubsky, M. E. Cotallo, Yu. V. Kharlov, Kathrin Koch, L. Riccati, J. Pujol Teixido, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Dieter Røhrich, K. Shtejer, E. Chiavassa, Dai-Mei Zhou, Yves Roland Schutz, Anik Gupta, David Michael Rohr, Lijiao Liu, Saehanseul Oh, Xuan Zhang, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, Jaroslav Adam, S. Yasnopolskiy, Hans Hjersing Dalsgaard, Alexandru Bercuci, A. Piccotti, Yasuo Miake, C. G. Yaldo, P. Crochet, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, C. Nygaard, J. Sarkamo, Debasish Das, Cristian Andrei, Venelin Anguelov, Marie Germain, Branislav Sitar, Catia Petta, T. Kalliokoski, Nazeer Ahmad, Federico Ronchetti, Andre Mischke, C. Ivan, Ulrich Michael Frankenfeld, Maksym Zyzak, Palash Khan, Beomsu Chang, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, C. Oppedisano, Olja Dordic, Kjetil Ullaland, Maya Hachiya Shimomura, N. De Marco, E. Belmont-Moreno, Mihaela Gheata, T. Moon, Francesco Riggi, T. P. Sinha, Panagiota Foka, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Vikas Singhal, A. Jacholkowski, Raphaelle Marie Bailhache, C. Baumann, Csaba Soos, Madan M. Aggarwal, Z. Harmanova, Antonino Zichichi, M. 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Yoo, J. S. Real, Tomoya Tsuji, Jiri Kral, M. C. S. Williams, P. A. Scott, Arturo Tauro, J. Thäder, Jihyun Bhom, D. M. Jha, M. Cherney, Agneta Oskarsson, A. M. Gago, Y. J. Kwon, Alexandre Shabetai, R. Grajcarek, C. Lara, J. Bartke, K. Bugaiev, Petra Riedler, Janusz Oleniacz, Thomas Michael Cormier, Deepa Thomas, Myunggeun Song, Y. Berdnikov, Marco Leoncino, Ana Vargas, Danthasinghe Piyarathna, Barbara Guerzoni, Alex Hansen, Peter Christiansen, Jurgen Schukraft, K. Das, I. Maldonado Cervantes, Elena Bruna, M. Venaruzzo, Mikhail Stolpovskiy, G. Steyn, W. Yu, Fernando Scarlassara, Klaus Johannes Reygers, Boris Wagner, Chiara Bianchin, Tyler Allen Browning, Chiara Zampolli, M. Mastromarco, Leonid Vinogradov, A. K. Dubey, Rajeev Singh, Dominik Fehlker, Lee Stuart Barnby, Julien Faivre, T. Peitzmann, M. Vajzer, Djuvsland, Luke David Hanratty, Xavier Bernard Lopez, J. G. Contreras, J. P. Revol, Hans Muller, A. Hayrapetyan, D. 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Ulery, Jongik Yoon, Xing-Bo Yuan, Philippe Rosnet, E. A. R. Casula, Ralf Keidel, Alice Zimmermann, A. Nedosekin, Peter Levai, O. Villalobos Baillie, Christian Lippmann, R. A. Ricci, V. P. Kondratiev, G. Stefanini, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, T. Breitner, Andrey Vasiliev, Rui Ma, Enrico Scomparin, Christoph Mayer, Benjamin Andreas Hess, Kyrre Skjerdal, A. Ramírez Reyes, Sergey Filchagin, Stefan Rossegger, S. Pal, E. Montes, F. Prino, Oleksii Ivanytskyi, Francesco Noferini, E. Dénes, A. I. Pavlinov, J. H. Kang, Davide Falchieri, Michal Broz, Benjamin Donigus, J. W. Harris, Mauro Gallio, A. Rachevski, Z. L. Matthews, Silvia Masciocchi, Kenta Shigaki, Michael Linus Knichel, Renaud Vernet, C. Klein-Bösing, A. S. Nyanin, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, A. Fernández Téllez, Marian Krivda, Natalia Kondratyeva, Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon, Siegfried Valentin Foertsch, Neetika Sharma, D. Peresunko, Kirill Voloshin, Grzegorz Andrzej Wilk, Filippo Costa, Oliver Busch, Matthias Richter, G. Herrera Corral, Lawrence Pinsky, Jochen Klein, I. Hřivnáčová, Marian Ivanov, Marco De Petris, Jens Wiechula, B. K. Srivastava, G. Stefanek, Sergey Kiselev, Vladimir Nikulin, Maria Haiduc, Andreas Morsch, Boris Hippolyte, Carlos A. Salgado, Christophe Furget, Jean Willy Andre Cleymans, Volker Lindenstruth, Francesca Soramel, A. Palmeri, Uwe Westerhoff, A. Pesci, J. Mercado Pérez, P. La Rocca, Stefano Piano, A. Rossi, A. Nyatha, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, D. De Gruttola, R. Scott, Mihai Petrovici, Dagmar Adamová, D. Elia, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Varlen Grabski, Néstor Armesto, B. von Haller, F. Bossú, Alexander Kluge, G. V. Margagliotti, F.F. Guber, Zubayer Ahammed, Adam Tomasz Matyja, C. Garabatos, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, Bikash Sinha, Melinda Siciliano, and N. Grion

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pion, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The elliptic, v(2), triangular, v(3), and quadrangular, v(4), azimuthal anisotropic flow coefficients are measured for unidentified charged particles, pions, and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Results obtained with the event plane and four-particle cumulant methods are reported for the pseudo-rapidity range vertical bar eta vertical bar 8 GeV/c. The small p(T) dependence of the difference between elliptic flow results obtained from the event plane and four-particle cumulant methods suggests a common origin of flow fluctuations up to p(T) = 8 GeV/c. The magnitude of the (anti-)proton elliptic and triangular flow is larger than that of pions out to at least p(T) = 8 GeV/c indicating that the particle type dependence persists out to high p(T). (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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49. Coherent J/ψ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

Author

Jai Samuel Nielsen Salzwedel, Vladislav Manko, Bogdan Vulpescu, Vladimir Peskov, Raimond Snellings, T. J. Humanic, Kai Oliver Schweda, K. Šafařík, J. de Cuveland, J. Mlynarz, Andrey Reshetin, Jihyun Bhom, A. M. Gago, Y. J. Kwon, F. Carena, Barbara Ewa Erazmus, Taku Gunji, Andrea Dubla, R. Varma, Z. Vilakazi, I. K. Yoo, Alexandre Shabetai, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Marcello Lunardon, V. Nikolic, Alexander Kluge, Y. L. Yamaguchi, C. Lara, Giuseppe Simonetti, Ralf Peter Averbeck, S. Beole, G. V. Margagliotti, Sabyasachi Siddhanta, Leonid Vinogradov, N. Zaviyalov, Rosario Nania, A. V. Kazantsev, Gian Michele Innocenti, Jogender Saini, C. Oppedisano, F.F. Guber, Håvard Helstrup, Constantinos Loizides, D. Vranic, Vitaly Loginov, Zubayer Ahammed, Adam Tomasz Matyja, Yongwook Baek, Kenneth Francis Read, Jan Cepila, M. R. Girard, Antonio Uras, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, L. Toscano, Amalia Pop, M. Kretz, T. C. Awes, Kyoichiro Ozawa, G. Tejeda Muñoz, Rachid Guernane, J. Bartke, Petra Riedler, Podist Kurashvili, Alexei Khanzadeev, H. Bøggild, Imrich Szarka, Nicole Bastid, Y. P. Viyogi, Daniel Lohner, M. Bombara, Johanna Stachel, G. Simatovic, E. Stenlund, E. Crescio, E. Pereira De Oliveira Filho, Graham Richard Lee, M. Venaruzzo, B. S. Chang, G. Steyn, Anton Alkin, C. Garabatos, Johan Alme, Luciano Ramello, Silvia Arcelli, P. H. S. Y. Jayarathna, H. Delagrange, T. Dobrowolski, Alberto Masoni, M. Bach, Rui Ma, Christoph Mayer, C. Cavicchioli, Frederick Kramer, Latchezar Betev, J. J. Gaardhøje, Radiy Ilkaev, F. Blanco, Austin Vincent Harton, Mihai Niculescu, Michael Wang, J. Lehnert, Lukasz Kamil Graczykowski, Philippe Pillot, L. Cunqueiro, H.R. Gulkanyan, R. Kour, D. W. Kim, Jitendra Kumar, Fiorella Fionda, Y. Mao, Boris Batyunya, L. Cifarelli, D. S. Hwang, Paolo Giubellino, T. Haaland, Philippe Crochet, Alexey Bogdanov, Hongbo Zhu, Marco Bregant, L. Manceau, Benjamin Andreas Hess, O. Driga, M. 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Agocs, Kilian Eberhard Schwarz, C. Ceballos Sanchez, X. Sanchez Castro, Romualdo Santoro, Antonin Maire, M. Kliemant, Y. Zoccarato, Gilda Scioli, R. W. Fearick, Francesco Barile, G. D Erasmo, Panagiotis Christakoglou, T. Djuvsland, Xuan Zhang, Marian Putis, G. Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Philipp Johannes Luettig, Bernd Stefan Windelband, Barbara Guerzoni, Shih-Chang Lee, Varlen Grabski, Néstor Armesto, S. Di Liberto, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, Marek Chojnacki, Olja Dordic, T. Krawutschke, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, J. Ulery, Stefano Piano, T. Antičić, Xing-Bo Yuan, Philippe Rosnet, W. Yu, P. Zelnicek, HT Yang, Cinzia Luzzi, E. A. R. Casula, Nirbhay Kumar Behera, Enrico Scomparin, Peter Christiansen, A. Palaha, Richa Gupta, Joakim Nystrand, Mohd Danish Azmi, T. Peitzmann, Teodor Siemiarczuk, I. E. Yushmanov, Pascal Dupieux, Andrea Dainese, S. Sano, A. Nyatha, Sergey Fokin, M. Vajzer, Evgeny Kryshen, G. Martínez García, T. P. Sinha, Herve Borel, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, H. A. Torii, P. Petrov, Torsten Alt, H. Sakaguchi, Fatima Padilla, B. Pastirčák, P. González-Zamora, Ralf Keidel, Toru Sugitate, Alice Zimmermann, B. von Haller, Michele Floris, E. Calvo Villar, Wladyslaw Henryk Trzaska, Vardanush Papikyan, R. Alfaro Molina, Stefan Kirsch, Peter Levai, R. Scott, A. Wilk, Roberto Preghenella, M. R. Dutta Majumdar, Bruno Alessandro, Sergey Nikulin, H. Caines, Sudhir Raniwala, Tatiana Karavicheva, I. Ilkiv, E. Serradilla, Kathrin Koch, L. Riccati, Vikas Singhal, Subikash Choudhury, Dagmar Adamová, M. Gallio, T. J. M. Symons, Federico Carminati, Boris Wagner, Chiara Bianchin, D. Wang, Antonino Zichichi, M. Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, Marcelo Gameiro Munhoz, Valeria Muccifora, R. Baldini Ferroli, Andrea Francescon, Gergely Gabor Barnafoldi, Tyler Allen Browning, Vladimir Kaplin, H. León Vargas, Oleksii Ivanytskyi, Andrea Alici, Helmut Oskar Oeschler, Francesco Noferini, Sara Vallero, Sudipan De, J. G. Contreras, Dai-Mei Zhou, Marek Kowalski, Enrichetta Maria Fiore, M. A. Lisa, Gyula Bencedi, Yves Roland Schutz, M. Heide, L. Vannucci, J. F. Castillo Hernandez, Ewa Gladysz-dziadus, Kyong Sei Lee, Maitreyee Mukherjee, G. Conesa Balbastre, Peter Martin Jacobs, E. Dénes, H. León, Elisa Incani, R. Russo, M. E. Cotallo, Cristian Andrei, Venelin Anguelov, Nazeer Ahmad, Yu. V. Kharlov, A. I. Pavlinov, Gennady Zinovjev, Sadhana Dash, Ionut Christian Arsene, B. Polichtchouk, Jon Christopher Wikne, Stefania Bufalino, S. Yasnopolskiy, Giacomo Bruno, Dieter Røhrich, F. Scarlassara, Michal Petran, G. Viesti, Alina Gabriela Grigoras, D. Hatzifotiadou, Adela Kravcakova, Laszlo Boldizsar, J. Takahashi, I. Garishvili, P. Kaliňák, D. Silvermyr, Paola Gianotti, J. H. Kang, X. Cai, Alla Maevskaya, Federico Cindolo, L. Šándor, M. I. Martínez, Vito Manzari, K. Shtejer, Aditya Nath Mishra, Michal Krelina, Nicolas Bock, D. Caballero Orduna, Sven Gotovac, M. Mohisin Khan, Mirko Planinic, I. Berceanu, Borge Svane Nielsen, Paolo Pagano, B. V.K.S. Potukuchi, C. Guerra Gutierrez, V. Petráček, Ruben Shahoyan, Janka Vrlakova, C.J. Schmidt, B. Hicks, S. Schuchmann, R. de Rooij, Davide Falchieri, Vladimir Ivanov, A. Baldisseri, R. Wan, G. L. Usai, Michal Broz, Arturo Alejandro Menchaca-Rocha, C. Baumann, Csaba Soos, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Ivan Kisel, Nicole Alice Martin, L. Aphecetche, Benjamin Donigus, Filip Krizek, Ken Oyama, Peter Strmen, Luciana Bianchi, Claudio Geuna, Vladimir Vechernin, Z. L. Matthews, Jean-Yves Grossiord, Artur Krzysztof Szostak, Eva Sicking, Nicolas Arbor, Kristjan Herlache Gulbrandsen, Johannes Peter Wessels, V. Lenti, B. Grinyov, Ulrich Fuchs, Meidana Huang, Premomoy Ghosh, Andrew Marshall Adare, Iwona Anna Sputowska, Alessandro Ferretti, Attiq Ur Rehman, Motoi Inaba, Joel Anthony Mazer, B. H. Han, Christian Holm Christensen, D. Tlusty, Alexander Mamonov, Fengchu Zhou, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, D. R. Gangadharan, Cristina Terrevoli, E. Nappi, A. K. Dutta Majumdar, E. Fragiacomo, Ian Gardner Bearden, Alexey Kuryakin, Tuva Ora Herenui Richert, Mikhail Malaev, Xiangrong Zhu, A. Karasu Uysal, D. Budnikov, J. L. Klay, A. R. Reolon, Alexander Philipp Kalweit, Thorsten Sven Kollegger, Domenico Colella, Vladimir Samsonov, Christine Nattrass, L. Xaplanteris Karampatsos, A. G. Asryan, I. Martashvili, Florian Painke, A. B. Kaidalov, S. Lohn, Sang Un Ahn, Valentina Zaccolo, I. Chawla, Hans Rudolf Schmidt, J. Zhu, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, M. Lenhardt, C. Pajares, Mikhail Stolpovskiy, Andrew Ivanov, B. Fenton-Olsen, Alessandro Grelli, S. K. Basu, Hans Muller, F. Soramel, Alexis Jean-Michel Mas, Evgeny Karpechev, D. Emschermann, M. Pachr, A. C. Oliveira Da Silva, Nicola Bianchi, G. Aglieri Rinella, Madan M. Aggarwal, Valery Punin, S.A. Zaporozhets, Adriana Telesca, I. Lakomov, Cvetan Valeriev Cheshkov, Antonio Rossi, S. Navin, Wisla Carena, Martino Gagliardi, J. S. Real, M. C. S. Williams, Arturo Tauro, D. Di Bari, K. Ma, Jihye Song, S. Esumi, M. Irfan, Martin Vala, Alex Hansen, Eugen Mudnic, S. U. Chung, M. Lechman, Jorn Henning Putschke, Martijn Reicher, A. Tarazona Martinez, Lee Stuart Barnby, J. Castillo Castellanos, Y. Sibiriak, Xavier Bernard Lopez, Jaroslav Bielcik, Marco Monteno, E. Almaráz Aviña, S.A. Sadovsky, Takafumi Niida, G. M. Urciuoli, Christian Claude Kuhn, P. I. Loenne, H. Appelshäuser, Ketil Røed, P. Cerello, Anton Andronic, Sergey Nikolaev, H. J. Jang, Eugenio Scapparone, M. Hartig, S. Sharma, A. De Caro, P. Di Nezza, P. G. Innocenti, Christoph Blume, Andrzej Rybicki, Ciprian Mihai Mitu, C. Søgaard, Jiebin Luo, Rene Brun, L. H. González-Trueba, Giacomo Volpe, Natasha Sharma, Mikhail Ippolitov, Jacek Tomasz Otwinowski, M. R. Cosentino, Bongsoo Kim, Ankita Goswami, You Zhou, D. A. Moreira De Godoy, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, Sandra Moretto, Andrea Danu, P. Ladron de Guevara, Guillaume Batigne, Renu Bala, David Michael Rohr, C. G. Yaldo, T. Kalliokoski, Fabio Filippo Colamaria, A. J. Rubio Montero, Hans Peter Beck, L. V. Malinina, R. Janik, Iouri Belikov, Thomas Dietel, J. Bán, Roman Lietava, N. Carlin Filho, R. Gomez, and Y. Martynov

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, HERA, Quarkonium, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

The ALICE Collaboration has made the first measurement at the LHC of J/psi photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. The J/psi is identified via its dimuon decay in the forward rapidity region with the muon spectrometer for events where the hadronic activity is required to be minimal. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 55 mu b(-1). The cross section for coherent J/psi production in the rapidity interval -3.6 < y < -2.6 is measured to be d sigma(coh)(J/psi)/dy = 1.00 +/- 0.18(stat)(-0.26)(+0.24)(syst) mb. The result is compared to theoretical models for coherent J/psi production and found to be in good agreement with those models which include nuclear gluon shadowing. (C) 2012 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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50. Rapidity and centrality dependence of particle production for identified hadrons in Cu + Cu collisions atsNN=200GeV

Author

K. Hagel, Z. Majka, I. S. Zgura, D. Pal, Hans Hjersing Dalsgaard, C. Nygaard, H. Ito, F. Videbæk, B. Budick, P. Staszel, C. Chasman, J. J. Gaardhøje, Jongmin Lee, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Ian Gardner Bearden, S. Bekele, D. R. Beavis, Alexandru Jipa, Dieter Røhrich, Oana Ristea, Ionut Cristian Arsene, J. B. Natowitz, E. B. Johnson, Gunnar Løvhøiden, H. Yang, T. M. Larsen, R. Karabowicz, R. Wada, Fouad Rami, Peter Christiansen, R. R. Debbe, H. Bøggild, A. Qviller, Michael Murray, C. E. Jørgensen, N. Katrynska, Christian Holm Christensen, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Borge Svane Nielsen, Z. Yin, E. J. Kim, Calin Besliu, and Stephen Sanders

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Pion, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Jet quenching
Abstract

The BRAHMS collaboration has measured transverse momentum spectra of pions, kaons, protons, and antiprotons at rapidities 0 and 3 for Cu+Cu collisions at sNN=200 GeV. As the collisions become more central the collective radial flow increases while the temperature of kinetic freeze-out decreases. The temperature is lower and the radial flow weaker at forward rapidity. Pion and kaon yields with transverse momenta between 1.5 and 2.5 GeV/c are suppressed for central collisions relative to scaled p+p collisions. This suppression, which increases as the collisions become more central, is consistent with jet quenching models and is also present with comparable magnitude at forward rapidity. At such rapidities, initial state effects may also be present and persistence of the meson suppression to high rapidity may reflect a combination of jet quenching and nuclear shadowing. The ratio of protons to mesons increases as the collisions become more central and is largest at forward rapidities.

Published
2016
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