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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of separately curing the unfilled resin for increased bond strength of the orthodontic brackets as the literature shows both studies that support and contradict this aspect. Methodology: The sample consisted of 120 specimens randomly grouped into four of 30. The tooth was cleaned of tissue and debris and stored in a distilled water solution until the procedures of bonding. The surface of the enamel was conditioned with pumice, and acrylic blocks were designed for the tooth to be mounted onto them. The buccal surfaces of all the teeth were prepared by etching the enamel with 37% phosphoric acid for a time period of 30 seconds and washed for 20 seconds under running water. Stainless steel brackets (Victory Series™ MBT, 0.022 Slot) were used for all the samples in the study, and the bonding procedure was conducted on the same day for all the groups. The artificial saliva was used for the storage of samples for 24 h after bonding, and shear bond strength testing was conducted using an Instron machine in shear or peel mode at a crosshead speed. Results: The highest mean bond strength calculated was for the conventional technique (17.45 mpa), while it was the lowest for no primer adhesive (11.21 mpa). Group IV had a greater distribution of ARI scores than groups I, II, and III. Conclusion: Group IV achieved the highest bond strength when compared to other groups, with an ARI score of 3. Group III had less bond strength, likely due to incomplete curing of the primer due to insufficient exposure to light. Transbond XT can be used without primer, making bonding, debonding, and cleaning procedures easy and less time-consuming.

Introduction: Glass-ionomer (GIC) cement was introduced in 1972 as a “new filling material of dentistry”. It is bioactive and plays an important role in caries prevention due to its ability to release fluoride into the oral environment and remineralization of dental hard tissues. However, its properties such as moisture sensitivity, wear resistance, and bond strength are not sufficient to inflict the antimicrobial environment. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial property of four different GIC cements against S. mutans and L. acidophilus. Methodology: This study was conducted on 120 disk-shaped samples (30 for antibacterial activity), which were placed in Petri dishes holding Müeller Hinton agar. Bacterial strains were overhauled in the brain heart infusion culture medium, and by utilizing disposable straps on blood agar medium, 100 μl of the strain inoculum was plated out. Through the diffusion method on the solid medium, the antibacterial activity of GIC was determined. Results: The antibacterial activity was the highest for Riva silver and chemifill rock for 24 and 72 hours, respectively. For 48 hours, Equia forte and chemifill rock had the highest antibacterial activity, and there was a significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: KetacTM molar easymix inhibited the growth of S. mutans and L. acidophilus but had the lowest antibacterial effect compared to other GICs.

Introduction: With the advent of mini-implants, Class II correction has become routine. The study's goal was to compare the “Bone-Anchored Pendulum Appliance (BAPA)” to the “Bone-Anchored Intraoral Bodily Molar Distalizer (BAIBMD)” in terms of clinical efficacy. Materials and Procedures: Five boys and five girls were among the 10 patients in this split-mouth trial who had to have their molars distalized. On one side, BAPA Construction, and on the other, BAIBMD was piloted. A titanium mini-screw was used to secure both appliances to the bone since this was a spilled-mouth technique. The first molar bands to apply 200 g of force were used for both devices, as with all the other components that were similar for both appliances. For both sides, the nature, duration, and rate of tooth movement were compared. Using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, descriptive statistics for several parameters were examined. Results: Distalization was accomplished on both sides with clinical success. The rate of distalization did not show any significant variation. Less time was needed for distalization with BAPA, as evidenced by the statistically substantial variances in treatment duration between the two groups. Molar tipping was noticed in BAPA, and it was statistically significant. Conclusion: While the pace of distalization was equal for both appliances, BAIBMD required more time than BAPA but resulted in a distal tooth movement that was mostly translatory in nature.

Background: Shortening of the dental roots denoted by a decrease in root-crown ratio is a common manifestation of root resorption. Several natural conditions place roots at risk of resorption without any pathology. To date, information regarding root resorption in sagittal malocclusions is deplete in the literature. Aims: To measure and associate the root-crown ratio of maxillary incisors in different malocclusions. Methods: About 85 patients were allocated to three groups, Skeletal and Angle's Class I, Class II and Class III. Panoramic radiographs and periapical radiographs for maxillary incisors (340 teeth) using paralleling technique were taken and traced. Length of the root and crown were assessed and root-crown ratios were calculated. Results: The root-crown ratio was significantly lower in Skeletal and Angle's Class III group (P < 0.05) compared to Classes I and II groups. Gender predilection was found to be absent. Conclusion: Root resorption of maxillary incisors was observed in Skeletal and Angle's Class III patients. Maxillary central incisors were observed to have decreased root-crown ratios compared to maxillary lateral incisors irrespective of malocclusion.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effect of adhesion boosters on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets on bleached teeth. Materials and Methods: A sample of 90 extracted maxillary premolars was equally divided into 2 groups of bleached and non-bleached teeth. Twenty-two percent carbamide peroxide gel was used as an agent for bleaching. Each group was further divided equally into 3 subgroups depending on the type of adhesive booster used (Enhance LC, All-bond 2, and no adhesive booster [control]) and maxillary premolars brackets were bonded. Debonding was done with a universal testing machine, and the SBS was recorded. Results: The SBS of non-bleached teeth was highest for All-bond 2 (14.78 ± 2.47 MPa) followed by Enhance LC (13.15 ± 3.49 MPa) and control (10.30 ± 1.06 MPa). The SBS of bleached teeth was highest for All bond 2 (12.23 ± 1.41 MPa) followed by Enhance LC (11.76 ± 1.71 MPa) and control (9.63 ± 1.06 MPa). All subgroups showed a significant difference in SBS (P = .000) on bleached and non-bleached teeth. The SBS showed a significant difference between the bleached and non-bleached teeth in All-bond 2 group (P = .019). Conclusion: Adhesive boosters increased the SBS of both bleached and non-bleached teeth significantly. Among the two adhesive boosters used, All-bond 2 showed more SBS values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]