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Nanotechnology has become a research area with promising results for technological innovation. Endodontics can benefit from this field of research by increasing the success rate of the treatment, which currently ranges between 86% and 98% and has varied very little over the years. One of the causes of endodontic treatment failure is based on the presence of Enterococcus faecalis. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the antibacterial effect of a gel preparation containing silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP) against E. faecalis present in the walls of the root canal. 60 extracted human uniradicular teeth that were instrumented with Wave One Gold (Denstplay/USA) and subsequently contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. For antibacterial evaluation, intra-canal conducting was placed, and several groups were formed: a) Ag-NP 300 ug/MI gel; b) Ag-NP 500 ug/MI gel; c) Ca (OH) 2 (Ultracal from Ultradent/USA) and the control group. They were incubated at 37°C and a sample was taken every 24 h for 7 days. The Ag-NP gel showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis with a value of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 300 g/ml and 900 g/ml, respectively. When the Ag-NP gel was used as an intra-canal conducting drug in an in-vitro model, its antimicrobial effect at 300 g/ml and 500 g/ml was equivalent to the action of Ca(OH)2.

Anterolateral transpsoas approach is considered as safe access to the retroperitoneum with low risk of complications. The most frequent described complications due to this approach were nerve, bowel, urethral and kidney injury. An incisional hernia is a rare complication in anterolateral approach, as a result of a nonhealing surgical wound or late disruption of the fascia; it occurs in 1% of the incisions after primary closure.We report a 75-year-old woman who underwent spinal surgery with a double approach, consisting of an anterolateral transpsoas approach and posterior lumbar approach. Two months post-surgery, the patient developed a lateral abdominal tumor at the surgical site.To prevent incisional hernia, a meticulous dissection must be performed to avoid muscle denervation and weakening of the abdominal wall, as well as proper repair of the fascia its critical to ensure an adequate closure of the wound.El Abordaje anterolateral transpsoas se considera como un acceso seguro al retroperitoneo con bajo riesgo de complicaciones. Las complicaciones descritas más frecuentes debido a este abordaje fueron lesiones nerviosas, intestinales, uretrales y renales. Una hernia incisional es una complicación poco frecuente en el abordaje anterolateral, como resultado de una herida quirúrgica no cicatrizada o una ruptura tardía de la fascia; ocurre en 1% de las incisiones después del cierre primario.Informamos de una mujer de 75 años que se sometió a una cirugía de columna vertebral con un doble abordaje quirúrgico, que consiste en un abordaje anterolateral transpsoas y un abordaje lumbar posterior. Dos meses después de la cirugía, el paciente desarrolló un tumor abdominal lateral en el sitio quirúrgico.Para prevenir la hernia incisional, se debe realizar una disección meticulosa para evitar la denervación muscular y el debilitamiento de la pared abdominal, así como la correcta reparación de la fascia es crítico para asegurar un cierre adecuado de la herida.

6 pags., 3 figs. -- Presented at the XXXVI Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics, Piaski, Poland, September 1–7, 2019, The neutron-rich carbon isotope C was postulated to be a halo nucleus (S = 1215 keV, S = 9395 keV) according to different high-energy experiments. If so, it would be the only halo nucleus exhibiting a "pure" s-wave structure of the ground state. At low collision energies, the effect of this halo structure should manifest as a strong absorption pattern in the angular distribution of the elastic cross section, with a total suppression of the nuclear rainbow due to the large neutron transfer and breakup probabilities, enhanced by the halo configuration. The IS619 experiment, carried out at the HIE-ISOLDE facility at CERN (Switzerland), is the first dynamical study of this nucleus at energies around the Coulomb barrier. It aims to probe the halo structure via the measurement of the elastic cross section on a high-Z Pb target. Preliminary results of the elastic cross section are discussed and compared to Optical Model calculations., I. Martel and O. Tengblad, as spokespersons, are grateful to the IS619 Collaboration and to the HIE-ISOLDE team for delivering the radioactive beam. J.D. Ovejas is grateful to AEI/FEDER/EU for the Ph.D. fellowship BES2016-077059. Work partially supported by the Spanish research grants FPA2015-64969-P, FPA2017-87568-P (both AEI/FEDER/EU), PGC 2018- 095640-B-I00 and ENSAR2 from EU H2020 under contract number 654002.

Multiple strategies have been developed looking for upgrading the consolidation rate of spine arthrodesis with autolog bone graft, but no evidence exists that adhesion with Collagen type 1 and polyvinylpyrrolidone (FibroquelMR) have application on this field.Determine if collagen type 1 + Polyvinylpyrrolidone are effective as bone enhancer in posterolateral arthrodesis on rabbits.Posterolateral arthrodesis in 15 New Zealand rabbits on level L5-L6 using autolog bone graft in left side (control group) and autolog bone graft + 1 ml FibroquelMR (study group) in right side of arthrodesis. Euthanasia and block resection of lumbar segment eight weeks post surgery. Radiographic analysis, manual exploration and light microscopy of fussed segments.Radiographic consolidation was observed in 80% in control group and 95% in study group, interleaved trabecular pattern with bone continuity and normal characteristics in 12 left sides and 14 right sides.Collagen type 1 and polyvinylpyrrolidone use is likely to have positive effect in bone consolidation process, therefore it can be recommended to use it as a bone enhancer.Existen diversas estrategias para aumentar la tasa de consolidación de la artrodesis de columna en presencia de injerto óseo autólogo, sin aún comprobar si la adhesión de Colágena tipo I y polivinilpirrolidona (FibroquelMR) tienen aplicaciones en este campo.Determinar la efectividad de la colágena tipo I con polivinilpirrolidona como potenciador óseo en artrodesis posterolateral de conejos.Artrodesis posterolateral en 15 conejos de Nueva Zelanda L5-L6 colocando injerto autólogo del lado izquierdo (Control) e injerto autólogo + 1 ml FibroquelMR (Estudio) en el lado derecho de la artrodesis. Eutanasia con resección en bloque del segmento lumbar a las ocho semanas del postoperatorio. Análisis radiográfico, palpación manual y por microscopia de luz de los segmentos fusionados.Se observó consolidación radiográfica en 80% en grupo control y 93% en el estudio, continuidad ósea con patrón trabecular intercalado y hueso de características normales en 12 del lado izquierdo y 14 en el lado derecho.La utilización de Colágena tipo I y polivinilpirrolidona puede tener efectos positivos en el proceso de consolidación ósea por lo que se puede recomendar su utilización como reforzador óseo.

This chapter reviews the recent experimental and computational evidence that support the concept of “hydrogen–hydrogen (or H–H) bonding” which involves the interaction of two neutral hydrogen atoms or two hydrogen atoms bearing charges of the same sign, as a new class of weak interactions. The H–H bonding interaction gains importance due to its utility in rationalizing the stability of several systems where no other attractive interactions are involved such as crystalline structures of n-alkanes and polyhedranes. H–H bonding complements the list of long-known interactions that stabilize the structures of proteins and other macromolecules such as hydrogen-bonding and van der Waals interactions that play a crucial role in the description of chemical structural, stability, and reactivity. The elucidation of this weak interaction from the standpoint of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) leads to a quantitative description that is testable by experiment, and provides new insight that broadens and expands our understanding of weak interactions, ubiquitous as they are in nature.

A new method of synthesis of 2-(1,2-diferrocenylvinyl)benz- and azabenzimidazoles (3a-f), (4a-f) and 1’H,3’H(Me)-spiro-[(aza)benzimidazoline-2’,3-(1,2-diferrocenylcyclopropenes)] (5a-f) via reactions of diferrocenyl(methylsulfanyl)cyclopropenylium iodide (1) with aromatic o-diamines (2a-f) in the presence of Et3N (80°C - 82°C) is described. The structures of the resultant compounds are established using IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The structure of one compound, cis-2-(1,2-diferrocenylvinyl)-1-methylbenzimidazole (3b), is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The electrochemical properties of compounds 3a, 3b, 3d and 5f are investigated using cyclic square wave voltammetry. Two electrochemical processes (I-II), attributed to oxidation of the ferrocene moieties, and the values of E0’(I), E0’(II), DE0’(II-I) and comporportionation constant Kcom are reported. The bioactivities of seven compounds 3a, 3c-f, 5d, 5f are evaluated. Compound 5f is the most active compound with a modest cytotoxic activity against six human cancer cell lines: U-251 (glioma), PC-3 (prostate cancer), K-562 (leukemia), HCT-15 (colon cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and SKLU-1 (lung cancer).

New compounds with antituberculosis activity and their combination with classic drugs have been evaluated to determine possible interactions and antagonism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of Casiopeínas® copper-based compounds (CasIIIia, CasIIIEa, and CasIIgly) alone and combined with isoniazid (INH), rifampicin, or ethambutol (EMB) against resistant and susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Seventeen clinical M. tuberculosis isolates (5 multi-drug resistant and 2 resistant to INH and/or EMB) were subjected to determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the resazurin microtiter assay and combination assessment by the resazurin drug combination microtiter assay. The Casiopeínas® alone showed a remarkable effect against resistant isolates with MIC values from 0.78 to 12.50 μg/ml. Furthermore, a synergistic effect mainly with EMB is shown for both resistant and susceptible clinical isolates. Casiopeínas® are promising candidates for future investigation into the development of antituberculosis drugs, being one of the first examples of essential metal-based drugs used in this field.

Two sub-aerial major Tertiary basins developed during the Alpine orogeny in the Cantabrian Mountains: the Oviedo Basin and the Duero Basin. The Oviedo Basin, now deeply eroded, is located in front of a thrust developed by the tectonic inversion of a Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous rift-related normal fault. The northern margin of the Duero Basin, with a well-preserved succession up to 2500 m thick, occurs in front of a large basement-cored uplift developed as a result of thrusting over a long ramp connected to a midcrustal detachment. The movement along this thrust carried the Oviedo Basin southwards in a piggyback manner. Both basins show syntectonic unconformities ahead of the mountain front, associated with syndepositional thrust-related folds. Syntectonic alluvial fans developed along the mountain front. These are more extensive in the Duero Basin (with radii up to 25 km) than in the Oviedo Basin (with radii up to 5 km). In both basins, the succession was overall prograding and changes vertically from polymictic to siliceous conglomerates. This lithological variation is attributed to a climatic change towards more humid conditions. The later siliceous episodes were essentially post-tectonic in both basins. An erosion–deposition mass balance is calculated for the Duero Basin.

The aim of this paper has been to compare the uterine contractility, pain produced by contractions and comfort of the patients between standing and supine position. The study has been performed in twenty normal nulliparae who were changed from supine to standing position and viceversa at intervals of approximately thirty minutes. Intrauterine pressure and fetal heart rate were continuously monitored. Cervial dilatation was evaluated every thirty minutes. No medication was given to the patients. They were asked to assess the pain produced by uterine contractions in each one of both positions and which was the more comfortable. It has been found: 1. That the intensity of contractions was significantly higher in fifteen out of the twenty patients in standing position. 2. Frequency of contractions diminished significantly in one third of the patients. 3. Uterine activity increased significantly in half of them. 4. Consistently, less pain accompanied uterine contractions in standing position. 5. Patients reported more comfort in this position. The average duration of labor was 3 hrs 55 min. This duration is short, compared with standard clinical experience and with published data. No complications occurred, by the use of standing position during labor, on the mother or fetus. The physiological mechanisms responsible for the above mentioned effects of standing position are unknown. It is condluced that there are no clear arguments against the use of standing position during labor and that this position should be used more frequently in clinical obstetrics, provided obstetrical conditions are similar to those reported in this paper.

The most common side effects produced by anovulatory contraceptives are similar to those experienced in the 1st months of pregnancy, e.g., weight gain, nausea, and fatigue. In an effort to determine to what extent such side effects were attributable to the medication and to what extent they were psychological, KN-1055 was administered to 43 women taking anovulatory contraceptives. 10 began taking both substances simultaneously; none of them had any side effects. The remaining 33 were selected from a group of 140 already taking anovulatories because they were experiencing side effects. Experience of side effects was not found to be related to either age or parity. Side effects were eliminated within 14 days of administration of 2 tablets daily of KN-10055 in 15 cases, which was thought to be a very good result; within 28 days in 13 cases, a good result; and in more than 28 days in 3 cases. In 2 cases KN-10055 did not eliminate side effects; such effects were therefore thought to be of psychological origin. Treatment during 2 cycles was sufficient, though KN-10055 can be taken for as many cycles as necessary.

5 pags., 3 figs., 1 tab. -- 27th International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2019) 29 July - 2 August 2019, Glasgow, UK, The neutron rich carbon isotope 15C is the only known case of an almost "pure" 2s1/2 single-neutron halo ground state configuration. At collision energies around the Coulomb barrier the reaction dynamics is expected to be dominated by single neutron transfer and breakup. To investigate these effects, we have measured the scattering of 15C with a 208Pb target at 65 MeV at the HIE-ISOLDE facility in CERN (Geneva, Switzerland). The preliminary data demonstrates the presence of a strong long-range absorption pattern in the angular distribution of the elastic cross section. The results are discussed in the framework of Optical Model calculations., J. D. Ovejas is grateful to CSIC (Spain) for the PhD fellowship BES2016-077059. Work partially supported by the Spanish research grants PGC2018- 095640-B-I00, FPA2015-64969-P and FPA2017-87568-P; the Portuguese FCT grants CERN/FISPAR/0005/2017; the Mexican project PAPIIT-DGAPA IA103218 and the grant ENSAR2 from the H2020 program of the European Union.