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Fort Sherman virus (FSV) was isolated in Panama in 1985 from a US soldier. We report a case of human FSV infection in a febrile patient from northern coastal Peru in 2020. FSV infections spanning ≈35 years and a distance of 2,000 km warrant diagnostics, genomic surveillance, and investigation of transmission cycles.

This thought piece explored the scholarship that expands and disrupts ideas of citizenship. In U.S. civic education classrooms, citizenship is viewed through the lens of a legal model that does not accurately reflect mixed-status classrooms in U.S.-Mexico border schools. We argue for a cathartic pedagogy that normalizes the discussion of alternatives to dominant citizenship identities in K-20 classrooms. Thus, we drew on borderlands-centered pedagogy, and critical pedagogies of counterstory and testimony to put counter-narration in conversation with cultural citizenship. We invite educators to use any combination of these educational principles to empower students in their Borderlands classrooms.

La comunicación interna es un elemento esencial para el adecuado funcionamiento de una entidad o empresa, ya que facilita la coordinación efectiva y la integración entre los trabajadores con el objetivo de alcanzar las metas de la organización. En este contexto, la investigación llevada a cabo tuvo como propósito evaluar la comunicación interna como una estrategia dentro de la gestión de recursos humanos en una institución pública del Perú. El estudio se enmarca como una investigación no experimental, de diseño descriptivo simple y enfoque cuantitativo. La población de estudio estuvo compuesta por 52 trabajadores, y se utilizó una muestra no probabilística censal, que abarcó a toda la población. El instrumento empleado fue un cuestionario de evaluación de la comunicación interna, y el análisis de los datos se realizó mediante estadísticas simples a través de tablas, figuras y frecuencias. Según los resultados obtenidos, se observa que el 44.2% de los trabajadores evalúa positivamente la comunicación interna, el 40.4% la considera regular y el 15.4% la califica como baja. A partir de estas conclusiones, se destaca la importancia de que las organizaciones, especialmente las entidades del Estado, establezcan estrategias y planificaciones sólidas en relación con las políticas de comunicación interna. Este enfoque estratégico puede contribuir significativamente a mejorar la coordinación, la cohesión y el desempeño general de la institución.

The open pit mining development begins with the opening of pits with the rock mass excavation and formation of slopes and berms for ore exploration. Knowledge about the geological conditions represents an important step in this process, since rock masses generally have heterogeneous characteristics and the presence of discon- tinuities can become an aggravating factor in the safety of operations. The characterization and classification of these discontinuities, as well as the identification of the groundwater in the rock mass, has a great importance to ensure the safety of operations during the mine's production process, in addition to ensure the effectiveness of its decommissioning process. The use of DC resistivity geophysical method has been increasing to characterization and identification lithological types and presence of water, since it is a non-invasive research tool with fast ability to obtain data. DC resistivity together with visual investigation methods, such as obtaining the discontinuities orientation and their alteration characteristics, provides important information for the characterization of the rock mass. Given this importance, the present work aimed to use DC resistivity to identify the presence of water and its correlation with lithology and rock mass structure in order to identify how these variables influence the occurrence of ruptures. To this end, two-dimensional resistivity sections were designed and related to visual inspection data and kinematic analyzes obtained from structural data of the rock mass. The integration of these results indicated that the ruptures present in the investigated mine slopes are related to zones whose predominant lithology is volcanic breccia with the presence of water in the subsurface. These ruptures compromise the stability of the slopes and consequently make the decommissioning mine process difficult.

Highlights: • The research contributes to a better understanding of the forms of settlement in the ancient landscape of Alto de Toche, influenced by Cerro Machin Volcano disaster risk. • A terrain modelling reconstructed a geoarchaeological mountain landscape, composed of massive systems of terraces at Alto de Toche Wax Palm cloud forest. • From digital photogrammetry in fieldwork, three sites were detailed. A DEM of the settlement pattern projected 37 possible new terraces. The resulting map is accessible in an ArcGIS-online web application. Abstract: The enhancement of the archaeological terraces on the Alto de Toche and the Wax Palm forest is unprecedented. The Toche region in Colombia contains an outstanding anthropised ecosystems presence (8000 BP), characterised by complex inherited cultural patterns, according to the evidences on the eastern margin of the Andes Central Cordillera. The research focused on i) the cultural landscape of the Premontane and Montane Cloud Forests of the Alto de Toche, built by the Toches; ii) its high-altitude settlements, interpreted as a strategy of ecological knowledge, deeply linked to their symbolic understanding of the landscape. Fieldwork in three sets of tambos (terraces for habitational settlements) in La Carbonera, Gallego, and Las Cruces sites was analysed using remote sensing, drone digital photogrammetry, and on-site data. Their interpretation projected a settlement pattern; a typological-topological tambos classification inferred its possible functions such as sighting, funerary, and dwelling, from 2600 MASL to biggest sites at 3000 MASL, related to the sun-moon proximity presumed for gatherings. The authors conclude that the patterns respond to a territorial understanding of its resources and the vertical exploitation of the agricultural thermal floors and micro-watersheds, associated with the east-west solar illumination over both sides of the Tochecito River basin; linked with the transit between ridges and steep slopes, through the network of pathways that originated the Quindío Trail. Data were projected crossing field-data photogrammetry with GIS spatial analysis; this resulted in a terrain model that reconstructs a geoarchaeological landscape composed of massive systems of tambos. Thirty-seven new sites were classified, twenty of them above 2800 MASL. The resulting terrain model facilitates a non-invasive previous prospection for fieldwork planning and a more feasible knowledge of accessibility, due to on-site transit difficulties (steep slopes and very unstable soil due to cattle ranching). Finally, the terrain model was uploaded in an easy-to-access ArcGIS-online web application for sharing with community stakeholders and visiting scientists.

Abstract Under ideal conditions, Escherichia coli cells divide after adding a fixed cell size, a strategy known as the adder. This concept applies to various microbes and is often explained as the division that occurs after a certain number of stages, associated with the accumulation of precursor proteins at a rate proportional to cell size. However, under poor media conditions, E. coli cells exhibit a different size regulation. They are smaller and follow a sizer-like division strategy where the added size is inversely proportional to the size at birth. We explore three potential causes for this deviation: degradation of the precursor protein and two models where the propensity for accumulation depends on the cell size: a nonlinear accumulation rate, and accumulation starting at a threshold size termed the commitment size. These models fit the mean trends but predict different distributions given the birth size. To quantify the precision of the models to explain the data, we used the Akaike information criterion and compared them to open datasets of slow-growing E. coli cells in different media. We found that none of the models alone can consistently explain the data. However, the degradation model better explains the division strategy when cells are larger, whereas size-related models (power-law and commitment size) account for smaller cells. Our methodology proposes a data-based method in which different mechanisms can be tested systematically.

This research article reports the findings of a study that sought to identify the opinion of students on the curricular relevance in elementary and secondary education in institutions located in Colombian and Venezuelan border contexts. The methodological approach is framed within the quantitative-descriptive paradigm. The conclusions of the study show that the relationship between curriculum, pedagogical practice, student, and context, does not exempt the responsibility assumed by the members of the educational community towards education but allows for generating spaces of agreement where the social and economic context is the most significant bulwark to define the sense through which education will be dynamized.

A systematic review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of the variable Literature of Oral Tradition, Social Justice and Inclusive Education under the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach. The purpose of the analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the publications registered in the Scopus and WoS databases during the year and their scope in the study of the proposed variables, achieving the identification of 106 publications. Thanks to this first identification, it was possible to refine the results through the keywords entered in the search button of both platforms, which were "social justice" and "inclusive education," reaching a total of 18 documents, excluding duplicates and those that did not meet the analysis criteria. These were analyzed to find out the relationship between the variables and how the Americas have advanced in the fight against corruption. Among the main findings, one of the factors taken into account through oral tradition literature to achieve inclusive education is the recognition of plurality and cultural differences evident in society. For them, the authors highlighted cultural expressions transmitted from generation to generation creating an environment ready for the generation of new knowledge by supporting the diversity identified in the community, which translates into social justice through an education that recognizes differences without exclusion.

The objective of the study was to identify the impact of B-Learning supported by the Flipped Classroom on the learning and development of competencies, carried out in an academic program of a university institution in Colombia. A quantitative approach was adopted, with a descriptive scope and a non-experimental design. The study was carried out with 40 students during the first semester of 2022, to analyze and compare their performance in a virtual platform and their percentage evaluations in a pretest and post-test, through the calculation of Hake's learning gain. As the main result, the role of the teacher as a facilitator and guide is evidenced, and the student's participation in teamwork. It is concluded that the use of B-Learning supported by the Flipped Classroom is a viable alternative to apply in higher education subjects because it strengthens learning and develops various competencies in students.

Guanajuato town is an important touristic center of Mexico, and one of its main attractions is its tunnel network (subterranean streets). In this work the air quality inside this tunnel network was evaluated using samples of Tillandsia usneoides as a biomonitor. Twenty-one plastic passive samplers, containing 50 g of plants each, were installed at different points of this tunnel network. In addition, surface layer of the tunnel walls, close to the plant sampling sites, were collected. Estimates for the enrichment factor, using Fe as reference and standard metal crustal data, suggest that the origin of the suspended metals is probably geogenic for Cr, a mix for Cu, and anthropogenic for Zn and Hg. It is important to emphasize that the Guanajuato’s tunnel network is used both by pedestrians and vehicular traffic and, probably, the last one is acting as the main source for toxic elements for the tunnel’s air.

Objetivo: O presente estudo visa a compreender como a judicialização da saúde se desenvolve como um fenômeno global, com ênfase particular nos contextos da América Latina, considerando Brasil e Colômbia. Metodologia: Adotou-se uma metodologia de revisão de literatura apoiada pela ferramenta Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A pesquisa foi conduzida com descritores específicos e as estratégias de busca foram realizadas nas bases de dados PubMed, MEDLINE, Lilacs, SciELO, CRD, CDSR, BVS e BIREME. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2024 que discutem a judicialização da saúde, considerando os idiomas português, espanhol ou inglês. Resultados: A busca resultou em 455 artigos e, destes, 18 artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A análise dos artigos selecionados revela a necessidade de soluções equilibradas que respeitem os direitos individuais sem comprometer a acessibilidade e qualidade dos cuidados de saúde coletivos. São destacados os desafios impostos pela judicialização, como questões de equidade, sustentabilidade financeira dos sistemas de saúde e priorização de recursos. Conclusão: Conclui-se pela importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar envolvendo ajustes legislativos, melhorias na gestão dos sistemas de saúde, educação para a saúde e a promoção de políticas públicas equitativas. Submissão: 29/05/24| Revisão: 16/08/24| Aprovação: 16/08/24

Contexto: en la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) se ha visto la presencia de varios desórdenes endocrinos, siendo el hipotiroidismo uno de ellos, impactando fuertemente en su evolución. Su incidencia en Colombia es poco conocida en este grupo de pacientes. Objetivo: establecer la prevalencia de hipotiroidismo en pacientes con reciente diagnóstico de enfermedad renal crónica no dialítica (ERCND) y analizar si las variables demográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio permiten diferenciarlos de pacientes eutiroideos con ERCND. Metodología: pacientes interconsultados durante un periodo de cinco años en el servicio de Nefrología del Hospital de Caldas y la Universidad de Caldas, por deterioro en la función renal, incluyéndose solo aquellos que cumplieron con los criterios compatibles con ERC. En todos se evaluaron variables demográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio como parte de un programa de nefroprotección, y se diagnosticó hipotiroidismo si el valor de TSH era mayor a 4,5 mUI/l. Resultados: en una población de 1332 pacientes interconsultados, de los cuales 535 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, el hipotiroidismo se presentó en el 29,2?% de los pacientes con ERCND. El 25,23?% tuvo valores de TSH entre 4,5 y 10, y el 3,74?% mostró valores mayores a 10 mUI/l. No encontramos variables demográficas, clínicas ni de laboratorio que permitieran diferenciar entre pacientes eutiroideos e hipotiroideos con ERCND. Conclusiones: no hay parámetros que orienten la sospecha de la presencia de hipotiroidismo en pacientes con ERCND. Recomendamos que al ingresar al programa de nefroprotección, y por su importancia pronóstica, a todos se les practiquen exámenes de rutina de TSH y T4L.

Este estudio analiza las competencias digitales de los educadores en Norte de Santander, Colombia, y la influencia de variables socioacadémicas. Se adoptó un diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional con una muestra de 538 docentes de básica y media en instituciones educativas públicas. Utilizando un cuestionario basado en el modelo de competencias TIC del Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia, se evaluaron las habilidades tecnológicas, pedagógicas, comunicativas, de gestión e investigativas en los niveles de explorador, integrador e innovador. Los datos se analizaron con SPSS utilizando análisis descriptivos, correlaciones de Spearman y ANOVA. Los resultados indican variaciones significativas en las competencias TIC según la edad, el género y la formación académica, con los docentes más jóvenes y aquellos con estudios de postgrado presentando mayores habilidades y confianza en el uso de TIC. La formación continua y de postgrado es esencial para desarrollar competencias digitales, aunque persisten desafíos en las áreas investigativa y comunicativa. La formación en TIC debe ser diferenciada y adaptarse a las características demográficas y profesionales de los docentes para mejorar su aplicación en contextos educativos.

Abstract This study presents a novel approach to obtaining nano-antimicrobial hybrid material by integrating electrospun nanofibers based on cellulosic biopolymer (BP) associated with antimicrobial agents, specifically silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Clavanin A (ClavA), an antimicrobial peptide obtained from the marine tunicate Styela clava. The electrospinning technique produced the blended polyvinyl alcohol:BP nanofibers. Chemical crosslinking was performed to ensure the stability of the nanofibers. The nanofibers had an average diameter of 568 nm for PVA nanofibers and 648 nm for PVA nanofibers functionalized with silver nanoparticles. The nanohybrid material demonstrates significant inhibition zones against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria. P. aeruginosa exhibits a substantial inhibition zone of 15 mm. Thus, the nanohybrid material was effective against this challenging pathogen. Combining electrospun nanofibers, bacterial cellulose hydrogel, and antimicrobial agents establishes a solution that could combat microbial threats in wound care.

Summary: Background: NOTCH3 encodes a transmembrane receptor critical for vascular smooth muscle cell function. NOTCH3 variants are the leading cause of hereditary cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). While monoallelic cysteine-involving missense variants in NOTCH3 are well-studied in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), patients with biallelic variants in NOTCH3 are extremely rare and not well characterised. Methods: In this study, we present clinical and genetic data from 25 patients with biallelic NOTCH3 variants and conduct a literature review of another 25 cases (50 patients in total). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analysed by expert neuroradiologists to better understand the phenotype associated with biallelic NOTCH3 variants. Findings: Our systematic analyses verified distinct genotype-phenotype correlations for the two types of biallelic variants in NOTCH3. Biallelic loss-of-function variants (26 patients) lead to a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by spasticity, childhood-onset stroke, and periatrial white matter volume loss resembling periventricular leukomalacia. Conversely, patients with biallelic cysteine-involving missense variants (24 patients) fall within CADASIL spectrum phenotype with early adulthood onset stroke, dementia, and deep white matter lesions without significant volume loss. White matter lesion volume is comparable between patients with biallelic cysteine-involving missense variants and individuals with CADASIL. Notably, monoallelic carriers of loss-of-function variants are predominantly asymptomatic, with only a few cases reporting nonspecific headaches. Interpretation: We propose a NOTCH3-SVD classification depending on dosage and variant type. This study not only expands our knowledge of biallelic NOTCH3 variants but also provides valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms of the disease, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of NOTCH3-related SVD. Funding: The Wellcome Trust, the MRC.

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil experimentou um crescimento significativo no número de faculdades de medicina. O governo justifica essa expansão como uma resposta à demanda crescente por médicos em um país de grandes dimensões e população superior a 211 milhões de habitantes. Contudo, essa multiplicação levanta preocupações sobre a qualidade da formação médica e a real solução para os problemas de saúde pública. A má distribuição de médicos no Brasil é mais uma questão estrutural ligada à organização do sistema de saúde e à alocação de recursos, do que uma falta de profissionais. Além disso, a abertura de novas faculdades sem controle rigoroso de qualidade pode comprometer a excelência da formação médica. O crescimento exponencial do número de faculdades não garante uma distribuição equitativa de médicos ou melhoria na qualidade do atendimento. É essencial adotar uma abordagem estratégica para resolver a distribuição de médicos, investindo na gestão do sistema de saúde e infraestrutura adequada.

In the present study two extreme events that occurred in the East Coast of Northeast Brazil (ENEB) during 2022 and 2023 were evaluated. These events are becoming increasingly frequent in all regions of Brazil, associated with significant material and human losses, emphasizing the significance of a deeper comprehension of these events. ERA5 global reanalysis data, GOES-16 satellite imagery and pluviometric stations were used for the analysis. Model simulations were also conducted using the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS) with variable resolution (60–3 km). Both events corresponded to Easterly Wave Disturbances (EWDs) that occurred under opposite large-scale conditions of the ENSO cycle, since extreme events are becoming increasingly frequent in all regions of Brazil and could be responsible for significant material and human losses. Thus, an emphasis was given to characterize the synoptic conditions. Both analyzed cases occurred along the ENEB, specifically over the Alagoas state. The trough axis penetrating the studied area was observed on both examined dates, with a very characteristic relative vorticity of this tropical disturbance. In general, moisture convergence resulted from the high flow of moisture prevailing over the region combined with upward movements caused by the trough present at low levels, which combined with local factors in the region such as topography, contributed to the increase in rainfall over the study area in both analyzed cases. The MPAS showed excellent spatial representation when compared to station data, highlighting intense precipitation over parts of Alagoas.

A comunicação contemporânea é crucial na formação da opinião pública, especialmente em temas complexos como a saúde mental e as práticas terapêuticas psiquiátricas. Formadores de opinião devem transmitir informações precisas e equilibradas, pois discutir fora de sua área de especialização pode levar à disseminação de informações incorretas, influenciando negativamente a percepção pública. A internação involuntária, prevista na Lei nº 10.216 de 2001, permite a internação sem consentimento do paciente, a pedido de terceiros, sendo um dos três tipos de internação psiquiátrica regulados, juntamente com a internação voluntária e compulsória. No entanto, a mídia frequentemente retrata a internação involuntária como autoritária, levando a percepções errôneas. A internação involuntária é respaldada por critérios médicos rigorosos e visa proteger a saúde e o bem-estar do paciente, especialmente em casos onde a pessoa representa risco para si ou para terceiros, após a falha de recursos extra-hospitalares. Bioeticamente, esta medida deve ser analisada segundo os princípios de autonomia, beneficência, não maleficência e justiça. A comunicação responsável é vital para evitar a estigmatização dos tratamentos psiquiátricos e a desinformação. A distinção entre autoritarismo e autoridade é essencial: enquanto o autoritarismo ignora normas legais e éticas, a autoridade age dentro da lei e da ética, com transparência e participação. Mesmo valorizando a autonomia do paciente, há situações em que a condição psiquiátrica grave justifica a internação involuntária de maneira ética e legal. Políticas públicas de saúde devem ser continuamente revisadas para garantir a dignidade e a autonomia dos pacientes.

Industrial residues with high concentrations of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], characterized by an alkaline pH (between 9 and 13) and high salinity (around 100 psu), were used as a source for extremophilic chromium-resistant and -reducing microorganisms. An investigation of biodiversity through MiSeq showed the presence of 20 bacterial classes, with Bacilli (47%), Negativicutes (15%), Bacteriodia (8%), Gammaproteobacteria (7%) and Clostridia (5%) being the most abundant. The bioprospection allowed the cultivation of 87 heterotrophic bacterial colonies and 17 bacterial isolates at the end of the isolation, and screening procedures were obtained. The isolates were related to Cellulosimicrobium aquatile, C. funkei, Acinetobacter radioresistens, Staphylococcus equorum, S. epidermis, Brachybacterium paraconglometratum, Glutamicibacter creatinolyticus, Pseudomonas songnenensis, Microbacterium algeriense and Pantoea eucalypti, most of them being resistant to Cr(VI). Resistances of up to 400 mg.L−1 of chromate were obtained for four related strains (QReMLB55A, QRePRA55, QReMLB33A and QReMLB44C). The C. aquatile strain QReMLB55A and the P. songnenensis strain QReMLB33A were exposed to K2Cr2O7 (200 mg.L−1) under optimal conditions, diminishing 94% and 24% of the Cr(VI) in 6 days, respectively. These strains exhibited a high potential for chromium remediation biotechnologies.

The concentration and mobility of metals in the lithosphere and hydrosphere are led by many physical-chemical parameters and processes from natural and anthropogenic origins, the last one resulting in impacts over many ecosystems around the World, including wetlands. These transitional zones, often characterized by the presence of hydric soils, adapted vegetation, and seasonal or permanent presence of surface water, are commonly under human pressure in terms of land use conversion and contamination, notably in agricultural production areas, where excess of nutrients/organic matter, pesticides, salts, sediments, heavy metals and radionuclides (originated from inorganic fertilizers) can substantially alter the ecological balance of those ecosystems. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the agricultural impact over a tropical geographically isolated wetland in the Brazilian Cerrado by the analysis of geochemical mobility and interaction between surface and groundwater through in situ gamma-ray spectrometry and hydraulic conductivity measurements. The results demonstrated that the margins of this diabase-derived soil wetland are one of the most important and critical compartments due to its capacity of metal immobilization and surface water infiltration, indicated especially by uranium concentrations. Thorium, in turn, was most related to colluvial transport from slopes to the center of wetland. It was also corroborated by low hydraulic conductivity zones as a result of soil compaction due to heavy agricultural machinery and increase in runoff fluxes. Thus, this methodology could be used as an initial fast screening method in wetlands under other climatic and geological/pedological contexts to evaluate the local hydrogeochemical dynamics and impacts of agricultura.