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International audience; Purpose: Both perceived and objectively-measured attributes of the built environment have been related to active transport. They do not refer, however, to the same construct: objective measurements provide an inventory of a neighborhood?s active-friendly attributes, while the perceptions of individuals refer to their appraisal of their neighborhood opportunities for active travel. Both aspects are complementary in explaining active transport. This study examines the independent associations of perceived and objective environmental attributes with active transport, and whether perceptions moderate the objectively-measured environment active transport relationship.Methods: Based on a sample of 2670 participants from the NutriNet-Sante? Study (France), we examined (i) the concordance between perceptions and objective measurements of residentialbased environmental attributes using kappa statistics, (ii) the associations between perceived and objectively-measured attributes and active transport by trip purpose (commuting and errand) using zero-inflated negative-binomial regressions, and (iii) the potential moderation effect of perceptions on the associations between objectively-measured environmental attributes and active transport. Information related to demographics, perceptions and transport modes was collected in 2013.Results: A poor to fair level of agreement was observed between perceived , objectively -measured environmental attributes; both were associated with active transport for commuting and errands. Environmental correlates differed between the likelihood to engage in active transport and the time spent in transport. Perceptions positively moderated the associations be-tween active transport and objectively-measured walkability and access to facilities. The differ-ences in predicted active transport time between a high versus low perception of the environmental attributes for a given neighborhood ranged from 20 to 55 min for active commuting , from 84 to 37 min for active transport for errands.Conclusion: Associations between objectively-measured environmental attributes and active transport are dependent on individuals & rsquo; perceptions of opportunities provided by their residential neighborhood. Increasing individuals & rsquo; awareness of active-friendly environmental attributes may be crucial for enhancing active transport.

Background Phosphomannomutase 2-congenital disorder of glycosylation (PMM2-CDG) is a multisystem inborn error of metabolism. Objectives To better characterise the natural history of PMM2-CDG. Methods Medical charts of 96 patients with PMM2-CDG (86 families, 41 males, 55 females) were retrospectively reviewed. Data on clinical, laboratory and molecular parameters at diagnosis were analysed. Follow-up data at last examination were reported for 25 patients. Results The patients were born between 1963 and 2011. Diagnosis of PMM2-CDG was made at a mean (SD) age of 6.8 (8.5) years. The presenting signs were mostly neurological (hypotonia, intellectual disability, cerebellar syndrome) and observed in almost all the patients. A total of 38 patients (14 males, 24 females) exhibited, in addition to neurological signs, visceral features including at least one of these: feeding difficulty requiring a nutritional support (n=23), cardiac features (n=20; pericarditis: 14, cardiac malformation: 9, cardiomyopathy: 2), hepato-gastrointestinal features (n=12; chronic diarrhoea: 7, protein-losing enteropathy: 1, ascites: 3, liver failure: 1, portal hypertension: 1), kidney features (n=4; nephrotic syndrome: 2, tubulopathy: 2) and hydrops fetalis (n=1). Twelve patients died at a mean age of 3.8 years (especially from pericarditis and other cardiac issues). Laboratory abnormalities mostly included elevated transaminases and abnormal coagulation parameters. High thyreostimulin levels, hypocholesterolemia, hypoalbuminemia and elevated transaminases were associated with the visceral phenotype. Besides the common Arg141His PMM2 variant harboured by half of the patients, 45 different variants were observed. Conclusions PMM2-CDG clinical phenotype is heterogeneous in terms of clinical course, with no clear division between neurological and visceral presentations.

Background: Maternal vitamin D can have a protective role on child’s respiratory health, but the results from prospective studies are still inconsistent. We examined whether maternal circulating vitamin D levels during pregnancy are associated with wheezing and asthma during childhood in a Spanish birth cohort. Methods: Maternal circulating 25(OH)D3 levels were measured during the first trimester of pregnancy. Information on active wheezing (wheezing episodes plus medication), wheezing patterns (early, late-onset, and persistent wheeze), and physician-diagnosed asthma ever was obtained from parental questionnaires administered from 1 to 7 years in new cohorts(N=1964) and from 1 to 9 years in an old cohort(N=294). We treated maternal 25(OH)D3 levels as continuous (ng/ml) and in tertiles: deficient( Results: Children exposed to insufficient vitamin D levels during pregnancy had lower odds of being active wheezers at 4 years in the new cohorts (odds ratio=0.63; 95% CI=0.42-0.97), compared with those children exposed to deficient levels. Children exposed to higher levels of maternal vitamin D had lower risk of developing late-onset wheezing in the new cohorts (relative risk ratio=0.97; 0.94-1.00). Results were similar in the old cohort. Children exposed to maternal vitamin D levels above 20ng/ml had lower odds of ever having diagnosis asthma in both cohorts although results did not reach significance. Conclusion: Maternal vitamin D levels above deficiency may be associated with reduced risk of wheezing and asthma in the offspring. Vitamin D dietary interventions can be considered for its potential and substantial general health benefits and its inexpensive costs.

Background/aim Prenatal exposure to organochlorine compounds (OCs) can increase the risk of adverse respiratory symptoms in children and adolescents, but evidence is mainly based on reported symptoms and it is still unknown whether these compounds can impact on lung function. We assessed the longitudinal association between prenatal exposure to OCs and lung function until early adulthood. Methods We included 2750 participants belonging to the INMA (Infancia y Medio Ambiente) prospective birth cohort in Spain in Menorca, Valencia, Gipuzkoa, and Sabadell regions. Prenatal concentrations of OCs (hexachlorobenzene [HCB], dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene [DDE], and four polychlorinated biphenyls [PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180]) from each participant were measured in maternal or cord serum. Lung function was measured by spirometry at 4, 7, 9, 11, 14, and 18 years of age. Multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the association between prenatal OCs concentrations and lung function. Results High percentage of samples presented quantifiable levels of all the analysed OCs. DDE, HCB, and PCB-153 were the compounds with higher median concentrations (e.g. median for DDE=1.03 ng/mL; Inter quartile range=1.37 ng/mL). Preliminary results in the Menorca cohort (n=327) revealed that prenatal exposure to the second tertile of PCB-153 concentrations was associated with reduced forced vital capacity (FVC) and reduced forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) when compared to the lowest tertile at 11 and 14 years (e.g. β for FVC at 14 years=-0.17 L; 95% CI: −0.31 to −0.03). Exposure to the second tertile of DDE and PCB-118 was associated with reduced FVC at 11 years, compared to the lowest tertile. No other associations were found. Final results including all cohorts will be presented. Conclusion Preliminary results showed that prenatal exposure to OCs was associated with reduced lung function until adolescence. Such exposure might alter the structural development of the lung and predispose for chronic respiratory diseases later in life.

Background: Little is known about the association between physical activity (PA) and lung function in childhood. Aim: This study aims to examine the relations between PA trajectories and lung function at 15 years. Methods: As part of the ALEC project, singleton from the ALSPAC study who had valid spirometry measures at 15 years (Vitalograph ® ) and ≥2 objective PA measures were considered. PA was assessed with Actigraph accelerometer worn for 7 days, at 11, 13, and 15 years. Potential confounders were collected from medical records and by questionnaires. The K-means approach for longitudinal data was used to identify PA trajectories based on overall PA (counts/minute) and percentage of wear time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). The sex-associations between PA trajectories and lung function were estimated by linear regression analysis. Results: A total of 1739 children were included in this study. Boys were physically more active than girls. Less than 7% of children achieved the recommended level of 60 minutes in MVPA. In both sexes, 3 PA trajectories were identified (low, moderate, high). No association between PA trajectories and lung function was observed in boys. Conversely, associations were positively significant in girls. After adjustment for parental social class, smoking status, body mass index at 11 years, height at 15 years, FEV 1 increased by 15 mL (95% CI: 6-23) and 17 mL (95% CI: 4-29) in girls moderately and highly physically active. Conclusion: PA may influence the development of lung function in children, especially in girls. Funding: Research of the ALEC project relating to this abstract was funded by the EU9s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme (No. 633212).