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3. Estimation of interregional rail passengers’ valuations for their desired departure times

Author

Vautard, Félix, Liu, Chengxi, Fröidh, Oskar, Byström, Camilla, Vautard, Félix, Liu, Chengxi, Fröidh, Oskar, and Byström, Camilla

Abstract

Valuations for various attributes of the transport supply are key parameters in travel demand forecast models and cost-benefit analyses. In the case of interregional rail travel, such attributes are mostly travel time, departure/arrival time, and comfort/service levels. Although the valuations for travel time savings and comfort levels are well documented, literature concerning how much passengers are willing to pay to obtain the departure/arrival time that best suits their needs remains scarce. We present in this paper a new study that estimates passenger valuations for reduction of departure time displacement (also called schedule delay) through common adaptation of the scheduling model. Our goal is twofold: first, better understand how travel scheduling is influenced by socioeconomic backgrounds and trip characteristics; second, provide detailed figures that can be used to improve travel demand forecasts and cost-benefit analyses. To achieve this, we conducted a stated preference survey on several Swedish rail routes and determined the valuations for departure time scheduling as willingness to pay and time multipliers. The figures obtained show that departure time flexibility greatly depends on trip characteristics and travellers’ socio-economic background. In addition, the comparison of our figures with previous literature highlights the need to establish a standardised method to measure and use these valuations. Finally, we succeeded in providing valuations that can be used with care as approximations in demand modelling and cost-benefit analyses in the context of interregional rail travel.

Published
2021
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5. Estimation of interregional rail passengers’ valuations for their desired departure times

Author

Vautard, Félix, Liu, Chengxi, Fröidh, Oskar, Byström, Camilla, Vautard, Félix, Liu, Chengxi, Fröidh, Oskar, and Byström, Camilla

Abstract

Valuations for various attributes of the transport supply are key parameters in travel demand forecast models and cost-benefit analyses. In the case of interregional rail travel, such attributes are mostly travel time, departure/arrival time, and comfort/service levels. Although the valuations for travel time savings and comfort levels are well documented, literature concerning how much passengers are willing to pay to obtain the departure/arrival time that best suits their needs remains scarce. We present in this paper a new study that estimates passenger valuations for reduction of departure time displacement (also called schedule delay) through common adaptation of the scheduling model. Our goal is twofold: first, better understand how travel scheduling is influenced by socioeconomic backgrounds and trip characteristics; second, provide detailed figures that can be used to improve travel demand forecasts and cost-benefit analyses. To achieve this, we conducted a stated preference survey on several Swedish rail routes and determined the valuations for departure time scheduling as willingness to pay and time multipliers. The figures obtained show that departure time flexibility greatly depends on trip characteristics and travellers’ socio-economic background. In addition, the comparison of our figures with previous literature highlights the need to establish a standardised method to measure and use these valuations. Finally, we succeeded in providing valuations that can be used with care as approximations in demand modelling and cost-benefit analyses in the context of interregional rail travel., QC 20200506

Published
2020

6. Case validation of cutaneous lymphoma to minimize protopathic bias

Author

Gutierrez, Lia, Booth, Helen, Dedman, Daniel, Crellin, Elizabeth, Kaye, James A., Franzoni, Carla, Arana, Alejandro, Schmitt-Egenolf, Marcus, Sundström, Anders, Byström, Camilla, Gutierrez, Lia, Booth, Helen, Dedman, Daniel, Crellin, Elizabeth, Kaye, James A., Franzoni, Carla, Arana, Alejandro, Schmitt-Egenolf, Marcus, Sundström, Anders, and Byström, Camilla

Abstract

Supplement 2Meeting abstract 645

Published
2019

7. Interregional tågtrafik i konkurrens på Västkustbanan

Author

Fröidh, Oskar and Byström, Camilla

Subjects
Ekonomi och näringsliv, marknadsöppning, tidtabell, Economics and Business, avreglering, tågplan, Civil Engineering, Samhällsbyggnadsteknik, persontrafik, fjärrtrafik
Abstract

På Västkustbanan mellan Göteborg och Malmö–Köpenhamn har Öresundståg och SJ kört tågtrafik som konkurrerar om de interregionala resenärerna (resor längre än 100 km). Sedan Öresundståg fick egen trafikeringsrätt 2009 har antalet tågavgångar ökat med 50 % och det interregionala resandet med 40 %. Tågtrafiken har vunnit marknadsandelar från långväga buss och flyg, och SJ:s nya Intercitytåg vann också inledningsvis resenärer från Öresundstågen. Resenärerna har med de två operatörerna segmenterats så att Öresundståg främst attraherar de som värderar högre turtäthet och lägre pris, medan SJ vinner de resenärer som värderar restid, komfort och servering ombord högre. SJ:s mer etablerade varumärke värderas också högre av de flesta resenärer, liksom X 2000-tågen värderas högre än Öresundstågen. Fördelning av tåglägen har skett smidigt i tågplaneprocessen och de konflikter som uppstår har lösts under samordningsfasen. SJ har dock från april 2012 ställt in sin fjärrtågstrafik på Västkustbanan på grund av dålig ekonomi, och till det bidrar också brist på lämpliga fordon och för långa restider i förhållande till bilkörning på den parallella motorvägen. On the West Coast Line between Gothenburg and Malmö–Copenhagen, Öresund trains (Öresundståg) and SJ have operated traffic that competes for interregional travellers (journeys longer than 100 km). Since Öresund trains was granted its own traffic operation rights in 2009, the number of departures have increased by 50% and interregional travel by 40%. Train traffic has taken market shares from long-distance coach and air travel and SJ’s new Intercity trains also won over travellers from the Öresund trains to begin with. With the two operators, travellers have been segmented in such a way that Öresund trains primarily attracts those who value higher frequency of service and lower fares, while SJ takes those customers who value journey time, comfort and on-board service higher. SJ’s more established brand is also valued higher by most travellers, in the same way as the X 2000 trains are valued higher than the Öresund train units. Train paths have been distributed without problem in the train planning process and any conflicts that have arisen have been resolved during the coordination phase. SJ has, however, discontinued all its long-distance traffic on the West Coast Line from April 2012 due to poor economy, in which a lack of suitable vehicles and too long journey times in relation to the car on the parallel motorway have been contributing factors. QC 20120525

Published
2012

15. Use of palivizumab is underestimated in the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register - implications for register-based drug studies.

Author

Linder, Marie, Byström, Camilla, Kieler, Helle, Bergman, Gunnar, and Haerskjold, Ann

Subjects
PALIVIZUMAB, ANTIVIRAL agents, BRONCHOPULMONARY dysplasia, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, CLINICAL trials
Abstract

Background: Register studies are a valuable tool, when monitoring the safety of drugs. The Swedish Prescribed Drug Register (PDR) was established in 2005 and keeps records of all prescribed drugs dispensed in community pharmacies. Drugs prescribed in-hospital are not registered on an individual level, which may hamper the validity of register-based studies on drugs potentially administered in-hospital. Objective: The objective was to assess the ability of the PDR to identify children treated with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab, which is used for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children. Methods: Palivizumab exposure as filled prescriptions recorded in the PDR was assessed by indication of treatment (preterm-born children, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or hemodynamically significant heart disease) and presented as numbers and proportions. For a random sample of children with an indication for treatment and without record of palivizumab exposure in the drug register, numbers and proportions by indication of treatment as noted in medical records were presented. The extent of underreporting in the drug register was estimated by indication for treatment. Results: Through the national health registers, 2,317 children were identified as being at risk for severe infection with RSV infection and 75% had no records indicating palivizumab exposure in the PDR. In a random sample of 176 children at high risk for RSV infection and with no records of palivizumab prescription fills in the PDR, 47% had been treated with palivizumab according to medical records. The PDR underestimated palivizumab treatment with 49% in children born preterm, 42% in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and 23% in those with a hemodynamically significant heart disease. Conclusion: Our findings underline the need of improving the information in the Swedish national registers concerning drugs administered in-hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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17. Use of palivizumab is underestimated in the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register - implications for register-based drug studies.

Author

Linder M, Byström C, Kieler H, Bergman G, and Haerskjold A

Abstract

Background: Register studies are a valuable tool, when monitoring the safety of drugs. The Swedish Prescribed Drug Register (PDR) was established in 2005 and keeps records of all prescribed drugs dispensed in community pharmacies. Drugs prescribed in-hospital are not registered on an individual level, which may hamper the validity of register-based studies on drugs potentially administered in-hospital., Objective: The objective was to assess the ability of the PDR to identify children treated with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab, which is used for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children., Methods: Palivizumab exposure as filled prescriptions recorded in the PDR was assessed by indication of treatment (preterm-born children, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or hemodynamically significant heart disease) and presented as numbers and proportions. For a random sample of children with an indication for treatment and without record of palivizumab exposure in the drug register, numbers and proportions by indication of treatment as noted in medical records were presented. The extent of underreporting in the drug register was estimated by indication for treatment., Results: Through the national health registers, 2,317 children were identified as being at risk for severe infection with RSV infection and 75% had no records indicating palivizumab exposure in the PDR. In a random sample of 176 children at high risk for RSV infection and with no records of palivizumab prescription fills in the PDR, 47% had been treated with palivizumab according to medical records. The PDR underestimated palivizumab treatment with 49% in children born preterm, 42% in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and 23% in those with a hemodynamically significant heart disease., Conclusion: Our findings underline the need of improving the information in the Swedish national registers concerning drugs administered in-hospital.

Published
2014
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