290 results on '"Butzin, Martin"'
Search Results
2. Fossil organic carbon utilization in marine Arctic fjord sediments by subsurface micro-organisms
- Author
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Ruben, Manuel, Hefter, Jens, Schubotz, Florence, Geibert, Walter, Butzin, Martin, Gentz, Torben, Grotheer, Hendrik, Forwick, Matthias, Szczuciński, Witold, and Mollenhauer, Gesine
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Reply to: methodological inconsistencies define thermal bottlenecks in fish life cycle
- Author
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Dahlke, Flemming, Butzin, Martin, Wohlrab, Sylke, and Pörtner, Hans-Otto
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A look into the temporal variability of sedimentation rates in the Skagerrak to track human and natural impacts in the North Sea
- Author
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Wolschke, Hendrik, Müller, Daniel, Butzin, Martin, Dale, Andrew W., Kasten, Sabine, Schmidt, Mark, Moros, Matthias, Fuhr, Michae, Wallmann, Klaus, Spiegel, Timo, Lenz, Nina, Lindhorst, Sebastian, Kalapurakkal, Habeeb Thanveer, Wolschke, Hendrik, Müller, Daniel, Butzin, Martin, Dale, Andrew W., Kasten, Sabine, Schmidt, Mark, Moros, Matthias, Fuhr, Michae, Wallmann, Klaus, Spiegel, Timo, Lenz, Nina, Lindhorst, Sebastian, and Kalapurakkal, Habeeb Thanveer
- Published
- 2024
5. Reply on RC1
- Author
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Butzin, Martin, primary
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Carbon isotopes in the marine biogeochemistry model FESOM2.1-REcoM3.
- Author
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Butzin, Martin, Ye, Ying, Völker, Christoph, Gürses, Özgür, Hauck, Judith, and Köhler, Peter
- Subjects
- *
CARBON isotopes , *MERIDIONAL overturning circulation , *GENERAL circulation model , *OCEAN circulation , *BIOGEOCHEMISTRY , *CIRCULATION models , *CHEMICAL weathering - Abstract
In this paper we describe the implementation of the carbon isotopes 13 C and 14 C (radiocarbon) into the marine biogeochemistry model REcoM3. The implementation is tested in long-term equilibrium simulations where REcoM3 is coupled with the ocean general circulation model FESOM2.1, applying a low-resolution configuration and idealized climate forcing. Focusing on the carbon-isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13 C DIC and Δ14 C DIC), our model results are largely consistent with reconstructions for the pre-anthropogenic period. Our simulations also exhibit discrepancies, e.g. in upwelling regions and the interior of the North Pacific. Some of these differences are due to the limitations of our ocean circulation model setup, which results in a rather shallow meridional overturning circulation. We additionally study the accuracy of two simplified modelling approaches for dissolved inorganic 14 C, which are faster (15 % and about a factor of five, respectively) than the complete consideration of the marine radiocarbon cycle. The accuracy of both simplified approaches is better than 5 %, which should be sufficient for most studies of Δ14 C DIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. FESOM2.1-REcoM3-MEDUSA2: an ocean-sea ice-biogeochemistry model coupled to a sediment model
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Ye, Ying, primary, Munhoven, Guy, additional, Köhler, Peter, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, and Völker, Christoph, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Ocean biogeochemistry in the coupled ocean–sea ice–biogeochemistry model FESOM2.1–REcoM3
- Author
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Gürses, Özgür, primary, Oziel, Laurent, additional, Karakuş, Onur, additional, Sidorenko, Dmitry, additional, Völker, Christoph, additional, Ye, Ying, additional, Zeising, Moritz, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, and Hauck, Judith, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Carbon isotopes in the marine biogeochemistry model FESOM2.1-REcoM3
- Author
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Butzin, Martin, primary, Ye, Ying, additional, Völker, Christoph, additional, Gürses, Özgür, additional, Hauck, Judith, additional, and Köhler, Peter, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Climate induced thermocline aging and ventilation in the eastern Atlantic over the last 32.000 years
- Author
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Beisel, Elvira, primary, Frank, Norbert, additional, Robinson, Laura F., additional, Lausecker, Marleen, additional, Friedrich, Ronny, additional, Therre, Steffen, additional, Schröder‐Ritzrau, Andrea, additional, and Butzin, Martin, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Glacial heterogeneity in Southern Ocean carbon storage abated by fast South Indian deglacial carbon release
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Gottschalk, Julia, Michel, Elisabeth, Thöle, Lena M., Studer, Anja S., Hasenfratz, Adam P., Schmid, Nicole, Butzin, Martin, Mazaud, Alain, Martínez-García, Alfredo, Szidat, Sönke, and Jaccard, Samuel L.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Utilization of petrogenic organic carbon in Arctic Fjord sediments
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Ruben, Manuel, primary, Hefter, Jens, additional, Schubotz, Florence, additional, Geibert, Walter, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, Gentz, Torben, additional, Grotheer, Hendrik, additional, Forwick, Matthias, additional, Szczuciński, Witold, additional, and Mollenhauer, Gesine, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. How accurate are marine Δ14CDIC modelling approaches?
- Author
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Butzin, Martin, primary, Köhler, Peter, additional, Völker, Christoph, additional, Ye, Ying, additional, and Lohmann, Gerrit, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. FESOM2.1-REcoM3-MEDUSA2: an ocean-sea ice-biogeochemistry model coupled to a sediment model.
- Author
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Ying Ye, Munhoven, Guy, Köhler, Peter, Butzin, Martin, Hauck, Judith, Gürses, Özgür, and Völker, Christoph
- Subjects
SURFACE chemistry ,SEDIMENTS ,ENVIRONMENTAL engineering ,ATMOSPHERIC models ,DIAGENESIS ,SEA ice - Abstract
This study describes the coupling of the process-based Model of Early Diagenesis in the Upper Sediment (MEDUSA version 2) to an existing ocean biogeochemistry model consisting of the Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model (FESOM version 2.1) and the Regulated Ecosystem Model (REcoM version 3). Atmospheric CO
2 in the model is a prognostic variable which is determined by the carbonate chemistry in the surface ocean. The model setup and its application to a pre-industrial control climate state is described in detail. In the coupled model 400 PgC are stored in equilibrium in the top 10 cm of the bioturbated sediment, mainly as calcite, but also to 5% as organic matter. Simulated atmospheric CO2 is in equilibrium at 286 ppm in the coupled simulation, which is close to the initially assumed value of the pre-industrial CO2 level. Sediment burial of carbon, alkalinity and nutrients in the coupled simulation is set to be partly compensated by riverine input. The spatial distribution of biological production is altered depending on the location of riverine input and the strength of local nutrient limitation, while the global productivity is not affected substantially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Carbon isotopes in the marine biogeochemistry model FESOM2.1-REcoM3.
- Author
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Butzin, Martin, Ye, Ying, Völker, Christoph, Gürses, Özgür, Hauck, Judith, and Köhler, Peter
- Subjects
CARBON isotopes ,MERIDIONAL overturning circulation ,GENERAL circulation model ,OCEAN circulation ,BIOGEOCHEMISTRY ,CIRCULATION models ,CHEMICAL weathering - Abstract
In this paper we describe the implementation of the carbon isotopes
13 C and14 C (radiocarbon) into the marine biogeochemistry model REcoM3. The implementation is tested in long-term equilibrium simulations where REcoM3 is coupled with the ocean general circulation model FESOM2.1, applying a low-resolution configuration and idealized climate forcing. Focusing on the carbon-isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13 CDIC and Δ14 CDIC ), our model results are largely consistent with reconstructions for the pre-anthropogenic period. Our simulations also exhibit discrepancies, e.g., in upwelling regions and the interior of the North Pacific. Some of these differences are due to the limitations of our ocean circulation model setup which results in a rather shallow meridional overturning circulation. We additionally study the accuracy of two simplified modelling approaches for dissolved inorganic14 C, which are faster (15 % and about a factor of five, respectively) than the complete consideration of the marine radiocarbon cycle. The accuracy of both simplified approaches is better than 5 % which should be sufficient for most studies of Δ14 CDIC . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Marine Radiocarbon Calibration in Polar Regions: A Simple Approximate Approach using Marine20
- Author
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Heaton, Timothy, primary, Butzin, Martin, additional, Bard, Edouard, additional, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, additional, Hughen, Konrad, additional, Koehler, Peter, additional, and Reimer, Paula, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Fossil organic carbon utilization in marine Arctic fjord sediments
- Author
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Ruben, Manuel, primary, Hefter, Jens, additional, Schubotz, Florence, additional, Geibert, Walter, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, Gentz, Torben, additional, Grotheer, Hendrik, additional, Forwick, Matthias, additional, Szczucinski, Witold, additional, and Mollenhauer, Gesine, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Prospects and limitations of marine radiocarbon simulations in (paleo) climate studies
- Author
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Butzin, Martin, Köhler, Peter, Lohmann, Gerrit, Butzin, Martin, Köhler, Peter, and Lohmann, Gerrit
- Abstract
On the timescale of hundreds to thousands of years, the oceans play a key role in the climate system by exchanging momentum, energy, freshwater, and carbon dioxide with the atmosphere. The oceans are also the biggest sink of radiocarbon. Observations of recently dissolved marine radiocarbon have provided, and still are, a benchmark for assessing ocean circulation models, which are an essential ingredient of climate models nowadays. Marine radiocarbon records from older times have been used not only as a dating tool, but also to infer past states of ocean overturning and ocean ventilation. However, these records are sparse, scattered and discontinuous, and their interpretation in terms of past climate change is not straightforward. Numerical simulations could help, but radiocarbon‐equipped models often use simplified approaches or setups to keep the computational costs low. In our presentation, we will revisit some of these potential issues and discuss recent developments in ocean‐ climate‐radiocarbon modeling.
- Published
- 2022
19. Influence of the opening of the Drake Passage on the Cenozoic Antarctic Ice Sheet: A modeling approach
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Cristini, Luisa, Grosfeld, Klaus, Butzin, Martin, and Lohmann, Gerrit
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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20. Toward Reconciling Radiocarbon Production Rates With Carbon Cycle Changes of the Last 55,000 Years
- Author
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Köhler, Peter, primary, Adolphi, Florian, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, and Muscheler, Raimund, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Radiocarbon depleted intermediate water masses during the LGM in the equatorial Indian Ocean
- Author
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Raddatz, Jacek, Beisel, Elvira, Butzin, Martin, Schröder-Ritzrau, Andrea, Betzler, Christian, and Frank, Norbert
- Abstract
Ocean circulation and changes in ventilation represent one of the crucial regulation screws in the Earth´s climate system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 kyr BP), characterized by a 100 ppm lower atmospheric CO2 concentration, growing evidence exists for enhanced storage of CO2 in the deep-sea. However, inasmuch the intermediate depth of the oceans opposed or amplified this sequestration is poorly constrained. Here we present coupled 230Th/U and 14C measurements on scleractinian cold-water corals retrieved from ~450m water depth off the Maldives in the Indian Ocean. Based on these measurements we calculate ∆14C, ∆∆14C and Benthic-Atmosphere (Batm) ages in order to understand ventilation dynamics of Indian Ocean intermediate water masses. Our results exhibit radiocarbon depleted intermediate water masses as low as -340 ‰ (∆∆14C), corresponding to ~2100 years (Batm) at the LGM. Such extremely radiocarbon depleted intermediate water masses suggest abyssal upwelling of southern-sourced deep-water masses, being strongly enriched in respired carbon and thus highlighting the oceanic carbon storage capacity even at upper thermocline depth. Nevertheless, Batm ages reveal a pronounced short-term centennial variability, that demonstrates the dynamic nature of thisoceanographic phenomena. Thus, reduced intermediate ocean ventilation off the Maldives and resulting carbon storage may help to improve our understanding of the role of the thermocline Ocean with respect to the Earth´s carbon cycle.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Radiocarbon: A key tracer for studying Earth’s dynamo, climate system, carbon cycle, and Sun
- Author
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Heaton, T. J., Bard, E., Bronk Ramsey, C., Butzin, Martin, Köhler, Peter, Muscheler, R., Reimer, P. J., Wacker, L., Heaton, T. J., Bard, E., Bronk Ramsey, C., Butzin, Martin, Köhler, Peter, Muscheler, R., Reimer, P. J., and Wacker, L.
- Abstract
Radiocarbon (14C), as a consequence of its production in the atmosphere and subsequent dispersal through the carbon cycle, is a key tracer for studying the Earth system. Knowledge of past 14C levels improves our understanding of climate processes, the Sun, the geodynamo, and the carbon cycle. Recently updated radiocarbon calibration curves (IntCal20, SHCal20, and Marine20) provide unprecedented accuracy in our estimates of 14C levels back to the limit of the 14C technique (~55,000 years ago). Such improved detail creates new opportunities to probe the Earth and climate system more reliably and at finer scale. We summarize the advances that have underpinned this revised set of radiocarbon calibration curves, survey the broad scientific landscape where additional detail on past 14C provides insight, and identify open challenges for the future.
- Published
- 2021
23. Exploring the role of temperature in observed inter-population differences of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) growth with a 4-dimensional modelling approach
- Author
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Sokolova, Nadezhda, Butzin, Martin, Dahlke, Flemming, Werner, Karl Michael, Balting, Daniel, Lohmann, Gerrit, Poertner, Hans-Otto, Sokolova, Nadezhda, Butzin, Martin, Dahlke, Flemming, Werner, Karl Michael, Balting, Daniel, Lohmann, Gerrit, and Poertner, Hans-Otto
- Abstract
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is one of the most commercially important fish species in the North Atlantic. Environmental factors, such as water temperatures, influence growth of individuals over time, thus forming population-specific growth patterns across climatic regions. Here we develop an integrative approach to investigate the role of temperature in shaping geographic differences of cod growth in the Celtic Sea, North Sea, Iceland, and Barents Sea. We combine a physiology-based growth model and 50-years observational temperature data of 0.5 × 0.5° spatial resolution to simulate continuous growth of cod. The model generated weight-at-age data for the period 1959–2007 which we compared to observational data from fishery-independent scientific surveys. In the Celtic and the northern North Sea, simulated growth matches well observational data. We also show that relatively warm temperatures in the Celtic Sea facilitate maximum growth rates; future warming is likely to have a negative impact on growth of these cod stocks. Growth simulations in Icelandic waters and the Barents Sea are less consistent with local observational data. More complex growth patterns in these regions are probably shaped by ontogenetic shifts in temperature regimes, feeding conditions and physiological adaptations. These findings should stimulate further research on critical processes to be considered in population-specific projections of growth of cod and productivity.
- Published
- 2021
24. The Intcal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55 cal kBP)
- Author
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Reimer, Paula J., Austin, William E. N., Bard, Edouard, Bayliss, Alex, Blackwell, Paul G., Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Cheng, Hai, Edwards, R. Lawrence, Friedrich, Michael, Grootes, Pieter M., Guilderson, Thomas P., Hajdas, Irka, Heaton, Timothy J., Hogg, Alan G., Hughen, Konrad A., Kromer, Bernd, Manning, Sturt W., Muscheler, Raimund, Palmer, Jonathan G., Pearson, Charlotte, van der Plicht, Johannes, Reimer, Ron W., Richards, David A., Scott, E. Marian, Southon, John R., Turney, Christian S. M., Wacker, Lukas, Adolphi, Florian, Büntgen, Ulf, Capano, Manuela, Fahrni, Simon M., Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, Friedrich, Ronny, Köhler, Peter, Kudsk, Sabrina, Miyake, Fusa, Olsen, Jesper, Reinig, Frederick, Sakamoto, Minoru, Sookdeo, Adam, Talamo, Sahra, Reimer, Paula J., Austin, William E. N., Bard, Edouard, Bayliss, Alex, Blackwell, Paul G., Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Cheng, Hai, Edwards, R. Lawrence, Friedrich, Michael, Grootes, Pieter M., Guilderson, Thomas P., Hajdas, Irka, Heaton, Timothy J., Hogg, Alan G., Hughen, Konrad A., Kromer, Bernd, Manning, Sturt W., Muscheler, Raimund, Palmer, Jonathan G., Pearson, Charlotte, van der Plicht, Johannes, Reimer, Ron W., Richards, David A., Scott, E. Marian, Southon, John R., Turney, Christian S. M., Wacker, Lukas, Adolphi, Florian, Büntgen, Ulf, Capano, Manuela, Fahrni, Simon M., Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, Friedrich, Ronny, Köhler, Peter, Kudsk, Sabrina, Miyake, Fusa, Olsen, Jesper, Reinig, Frederick, Sakamoto, Minoru, Sookdeo, Adam, and Talamo, Sahra
- Abstract
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Reimer, P. J., Austin, W. E. N., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey, C. B., Butzin, M., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P. M., Guilderson, T. P., Hajdas, I., Heaton, T. J., Hogg, A. G., Hughen, K. A., Kromer, B., Manning, S. W., Muscheler, R., Palmer, J. G., Pearson, C., van der Plicht, J., Reimer, R. W., Richards, D. A., Scott, E. M., Southon, J. R., Turney, C. S. M., Wacker, L., Adolphi, F., Buentgen, U., Capano, M., Fahrni, S. M., Fogtmann-Schulz, A., Friedrich, R., Koehler, P., Kudsk, S., Miyake, F., Olsen, J., Reinig, F., Sakamoto, M., Sookdeo, A., & Talamo, S. The Intcal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55 cal kBP). Radiocarbon, 62(4), (2020): 725-757, doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.41., Radiocarbon (14C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth system improves. In this volume the international 14C calibration curves for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, as well as for the ocean surface layer, have been updated to include a wealth of new data and extended to 55,000 cal BP. Based on tree rings, IntCal20 now extends as a fully atmospheric record to ca. 13,900 cal BP. For the older part of the timescale, IntCal20 comprises statistically integrated evidence from floating tree-ring chronologies, lacustrine and marine sediments, speleothems, and corals. We utilized improved evaluation of the timescales and location variable 14C offsets from the atmosphere (reservoir age, dead carbon fraction) for each dataset. New statistical methods have refined the structure of the calibration curves while maintaining a robust treatment of uncertainties in the 14C ages, the calendar ages and other corrections. The inclusion of modeled marine reservoir ages derived from a three-dimensional ocean circulation model has allowed us to apply more appropriate reservoir corrections to the marine 14C data rather than the previous use of constant regional offsets from the atmosphere. Here we provide an overview of the new and revised datasets and the associated methods used for the construction of the IntCal20 curve and explore potential regional offsets for tree-ring data. We discuss the main differences with respect to the previous calibration curve, IntCal13, and some of the implications for archaeology and geosciences ranging from the recent past to the time of the extinction of the Neander, We would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China grants NSFC 41888101 and NSFC 41731174, the 111 program of China (D19002), U.S. NSF Grant 1702816, and the Malcolm H. Wiener Foundation for support for research that contributed to the IntCal20 curve. The work on the Swiss and German YD trees was funded by the German Science foundation and the Swiss National Foundation (grant number: 200021L_157187). The operation in Aix-en-Provence is funded by the EQUIPEX ASTER-CEREGE, the Collège de France and the ANR project CARBOTRYDH (to EB). The work on the correlation of tree ring 14C with ice core 10Be was partially supported by the Swedish Research Council and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation. M. Butzin was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as Research for Sustainable Development (FONA; http://www.fona.de) through the PalMod project (grant number: 01LP1505B). S. Talamo and M. Friedrich are funded by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant agreement No. 803147-RESOLUTION, awarded to ST). CA. Turney would like to acknowledge support of the Australian Research Council (FL100100195 and DP170104665). P. Reimer and W. Austin acknowledge the support of the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/M004619/1). T.J. Heaton is supported by a Leverhulme Trust Fellowship RF-2019-140\9. Other datasets and the IntCal20 database were created without external support through internal funding by the respective laboratories. We also would like to thank various institutions that provided funding or facilities for meetings.
- Published
- 2021
25. Radiocarbon: A key tracer for studying Earth’s dynamo, climate system, carbon cycle, and Sun
- Author
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Heaton, Timothy J., Bard, Edouard, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Köhler, Peter, Muscheler, Raimund, Reimer, Paula J., Wacker, Lukas, Heaton, Timothy J., Bard, Edouard, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Köhler, Peter, Muscheler, Raimund, Reimer, Paula J., and Wacker, Lukas
- Abstract
Radiocarbon (14C), as a consequence of its production in the atmosphere and subsequent dispersal through the carbon cycle, is a key tracer for studying the Earth system. Knowledge of past 14C levels improves our understanding of climate processes, the Sun, the geodynamo, and the carbon cycle. Recently updated radiocarbon calibration curves (IntCal20, SHCal20, and Marine20) provide unprecedented accuracy in our estimates of 14C levels back to the limit of the 14C technique (~55,000 years ago). Such improved detail creates new opportunities to probe the Earth and climate system more reliably and at finer scale. We summarize the advances that have underpinned this revised set of radiocarbon calibration curves, survey the broad scientific landscape where additional detail on past 14C provides insight, and identify open challenges for the future.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Exploring the role of temperature in observed inter-population differences of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua)growth with a 4-dimensional modelling approach
- Author
-
Sokolova, Nadezhda, primary, Butzin, Martin, additional, Dahlke, Flemming, additional, Werner, Karl Michael, additional, Balting, Daniel, additional, Lohmann, Gerrit, additional, and Pörtner, Hans-Otto, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A multi-resolution ocean simulation of the anthropogenic radiocarbon transient
- Author
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Butzin, Martin, primary, Sidorenko, Dmitry, additional, and Köhler, Peter, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55 kcal BP)
- Author
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Reimer, Paula J., Austin, William E.N., Baird, Edouard, Bayliss, Alex, Blackwell, Paul G., Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Cheng, Hai, Edwards, R. Lawrence, Friedrich, Michael, Grootes, Pieter M., Guilderson, Thomas P., Hajdas, Irka, Heaton, Timothy J., Hogg, Alan G., Hughen, Konrad A., Kromer, Bernd, Manning, Sturt W., Muscheler, Raimund, Palmer, Jonathan G., Pearson, Charlotte, van der Plicht, Johannes, Reimer, Ron W., Richards, David A., Scott, E. Marian, Southon, John R., Turney, Christian S.M., Wacker, Lukas, Adolphi, Florian, Büntgen, Ulf, Capano, Manuela, Fahrni, Simon M., Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, Freidrich, Ronny, Köhler, Peter, Kudsk, Sabrina, Miyake, Fusa, Olsen, Jesper, Reinig, Frederick, Sakamoto, Minoru, Sookdeo, Adam, and Talamo, Sahra
- Abstract
Radiocarbon (14C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth system improves. In this volume the international 14C calibration curves for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, as well as for the ocean surface layer, have been updated to include a wealth of new data and extended to 55,000 cal BP. Based on tree rings, IntCal20 now extends as a fully atmospheric record to ca. 13,900 cal BP. For the older part of the timescale, IntCal20 comprises statistically integrated evidence from floating tree-ring chronologies, lacustrine and marine sediments, speleothems, and corals. We utilized improved evaluation of the timescales and location variable 14C offsets from the atmosphere (reservoir age, dead carbon fraction) for each dataset. New statistical methods have refined the structure of the calibration curves while maintaining a robust treatment of uncertainties in the 14C ages, the calendar ages and other corrections. The inclusion of modeled marine reservoir ages derived from a three-dimensional ocean circulation model has allowed us to apply more appropriate reservoir corrections to the marine 14C data rather than the previous use of constant regional offsets from the atmosphere. Here we provide an overview of the new and revised datasets and the associated methods used for the construction of the IntCal20 curve and explore potential regional offsets for tree-ring data. We discuss the main differences with respect to the previous calibration curve, IntCal13, and some of the implications for archaeology and geosciences ranging from the recent past to the time of the extinction of the Neanderthals.
- Published
- 2020
29. Marine20-the marine radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55,000 cal BP)
- Author
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Heaton, Timothy J., Köhler, Peter, Butzin, Martin, Bard, Edouard, Reimer, Ron W., Austin, William E. N., Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Grootes, Pieter M., Hughen, Konrad A., Kromer, Bernd, Reimer, Paula J., Adkins, Jess F., Burke, Andrea, Cook, Mea S., Olsen, Jesper, Skinner, Luke C., Heaton, Timothy J., Köhler, Peter, Butzin, Martin, Bard, Edouard, Reimer, Ron W., Austin, William E. N., Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Grootes, Pieter M., Hughen, Konrad A., Kromer, Bernd, Reimer, Paula J., Adkins, Jess F., Burke, Andrea, Cook, Mea S., Olsen, Jesper, and Skinner, Luke C.
- Abstract
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Heaton, T. J., Koehler, P., Butzin, M., Bard, E., Reimer, R. W., Austin, W. E. N., Ramsey, C. B., Grootes, P. M., Hughen, K. A., Kromer, B., Reimer, P. J., Adkins, J., Burke, A., Cook, M. S., Olsen, J., & Skinner, L. C. Marine20-the marine radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55,000 cal BP). Radiocarbon, 62(4), (2020): 779-820, doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.68., The concentration of radiocarbon (14C) differs between ocean and atmosphere. Radiocarbon determinations from samples which obtained their 14C in the marine environment therefore need a marine-specific calibration curve and cannot be calibrated directly against the atmospheric-based IntCal20 curve. This paper presents Marine20, an update to the internationally agreed marine radiocarbon age calibration curve that provides a non-polar global-average marine record of radiocarbon from 0–55 cal kBP and serves as a baseline for regional oceanic variation. Marine20 is intended for calibration of marine radiocarbon samples from non-polar regions; it is not suitable for calibration in polar regions where variability in sea ice extent, ocean upwelling and air-sea gas exchange may have caused larger changes to concentrations of marine radiocarbon. The Marine20 curve is based upon 500 simulations with an ocean/atmosphere/biosphere box-model of the global carbon cycle that has been forced by posterior realizations of our Northern Hemispheric atmospheric IntCal20 14C curve and reconstructed changes in CO2 obtained from ice core data. These forcings enable us to incorporate carbon cycle dynamics and temporal changes in the atmospheric 14C level. The box-model simulations of the global-average marine radiocarbon reservoir age are similar to those of a more complex three-dimensional ocean general circulation model. However, simplicity and speed of the box model allow us to use a Monte Carlo approach to rigorously propagate the uncertainty in both the historic concentration of atmospheric 14C and other key parameters of the carbon cycle through to our final Marine20 calibration curve. This robust propagation of uncertainty is fundamental to providing reliable precision for the radiocarbon age calibration of marine based samples. We make a first step towards deconvolving the contributions of different processes to the total uncertainty; discuss the main differences of Marine20 from the, We would like to thank Jeremy Oakley and Richard Bintanja for informative discussions during the development of this work. T.J. Heaton is supported by a Leverhulme Trust Fellowship RF-2019-140\9, “Improving the Measurement of Time Using Radiocarbon”. M Butzin is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), as Research for Sustainability initiative (FONA); www.fona.de through the PalMod project (grant numbers: 01LP1505B, 01LP1919A). E. Bard is supported by EQUIPEX ASTER-CEREGE and ANR CARBOTRYDH. Meetings of the IntCal Marine Focus group have been supported by Collège de France. Data are available on the PANGAEA database at doi:10.159/ANGAEA.914500.
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- 2020
30. The Intcal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55 cal kBP)
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Reimer, Paula J., Austin, William E. N., Bard, Edouard, Bayliss, Alex, Blackwell, Paul G., Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Cheng, Hai, Edwards, R. Lawrence, Friedrich, Michael, Grootes, Pieter M., Guilderson, Thomas P., Hajdas, Irka, Heaton, Timothy J., Hogg, Alan G., Hughen, Konrad A., Kromer, Bernd, Manning, Sturt W., Muscheler, Raimund, Palmer, Jonathan G., Pearson, Charlotte, van der Plicht, Johannes, Reimer, Ron W., Richards, David A., Scott, E. Marian, Southon, John R., Turney, Christian S. M., Wacker, Lukas, Adolphi, Florian, Büntgen, Ulf, Capano, Manuela, Fahrni, Simon M., Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, Friedrich, Ronny, Köhler, Peter, Kudsk, Sabrina, Miyake, Fusa, Olsen, Jesper, Reinig, Frederick, Sakamoto, Minoru, Sookdeo, Adam, Talamo, Sahra, Reimer, Paula J., Austin, William E. N., Bard, Edouard, Bayliss, Alex, Blackwell, Paul G., Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Cheng, Hai, Edwards, R. Lawrence, Friedrich, Michael, Grootes, Pieter M., Guilderson, Thomas P., Hajdas, Irka, Heaton, Timothy J., Hogg, Alan G., Hughen, Konrad A., Kromer, Bernd, Manning, Sturt W., Muscheler, Raimund, Palmer, Jonathan G., Pearson, Charlotte, van der Plicht, Johannes, Reimer, Ron W., Richards, David A., Scott, E. Marian, Southon, John R., Turney, Christian S. M., Wacker, Lukas, Adolphi, Florian, Büntgen, Ulf, Capano, Manuela, Fahrni, Simon M., Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, Friedrich, Ronny, Köhler, Peter, Kudsk, Sabrina, Miyake, Fusa, Olsen, Jesper, Reinig, Frederick, Sakamoto, Minoru, Sookdeo, Adam, and Talamo, Sahra
- Abstract
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Reimer, P. J., Austin, W. E. N., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Blackwell, P. G., Ramsey, C. B., Butzin, M., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P. M., Guilderson, T. P., Hajdas, I., Heaton, T. J., Hogg, A. G., Hughen, K. A., Kromer, B., Manning, S. W., Muscheler, R., Palmer, J. G., Pearson, C., van der Plicht, J., Reimer, R. W., Richards, D. A., Scott, E. M., Southon, J. R., Turney, C. S. M., Wacker, L., Adolphi, F., Buentgen, U., Capano, M., Fahrni, S. M., Fogtmann-Schulz, A., Friedrich, R., Koehler, P., Kudsk, S., Miyake, F., Olsen, J., Reinig, F., Sakamoto, M., Sookdeo, A., & Talamo, S. The Intcal20 Northern Hemisphere radiocarbon age calibration curve (0-55 cal kBP). Radiocarbon, 62(4), (2020): 725-757, doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.41., Radiocarbon (14C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth system improves. In this volume the international 14C calibration curves for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, as well as for the ocean surface layer, have been updated to include a wealth of new data and extended to 55,000 cal BP. Based on tree rings, IntCal20 now extends as a fully atmospheric record to ca. 13,900 cal BP. For the older part of the timescale, IntCal20 comprises statistically integrated evidence from floating tree-ring chronologies, lacustrine and marine sediments, speleothems, and corals. We utilized improved evaluation of the timescales and location variable 14C offsets from the atmosphere (reservoir age, dead carbon fraction) for each dataset. New statistical methods have refined the structure of the calibration curves while maintaining a robust treatment of uncertainties in the 14C ages, the calendar ages and other corrections. The inclusion of modeled marine reservoir ages derived from a three-dimensional ocean circulation model has allowed us to apply more appropriate reservoir corrections to the marine 14C data rather than the previous use of constant regional offsets from the atmosphere. Here we provide an overview of the new and revised datasets and the associated methods used for the construction of the IntCal20 curve and explore potential regional offsets for tree-ring data. We discuss the main differences with respect to the previous calibration curve, IntCal13, and some of the implications for archaeology and geosciences ranging from the recent past to the time of the extinction of the Neander, We would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China grants NSFC 41888101 and NSFC 41731174, the 111 program of China (D19002), U.S. NSF Grant 1702816, and the Malcolm H. Wiener Foundation for support for research that contributed to the IntCal20 curve. The work on the Swiss and German YD trees was funded by the German Science foundation and the Swiss National Foundation (grant number: 200021L_157187). The operation in Aix-en-Provence is funded by the EQUIPEX ASTER-CEREGE, the Collège de France and the ANR project CARBOTRYDH (to EB). The work on the correlation of tree ring 14C with ice core 10Be was partially supported by the Swedish Research Council and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation. M. Butzin was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) as Research for Sustainable Development (FONA; http://www.fona.de) through the PalMod project (grant number: 01LP1505B). S. Talamo and M. Friedrich are funded by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant agreement No. 803147-RESOLUTION, awarded to ST). CA. Turney would like to acknowledge support of the Australian Research Council (FL100100195 and DP170104665). P. Reimer and W. Austin acknowledge the support of the UKRI Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/M004619/1). T.J. Heaton is supported by a Leverhulme Trust Fellowship RF-2019-140\9. Other datasets and the IntCal20 database were created without external support through internal funding by the respective laboratories. We also would like to thank various institutions that provided funding or facilities for meetings.
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- 2020
31. A Short Note on Marine Reservoir Age Simulations Used in IntCal20
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Butzin, Martin, Heaton, Timothy J, Köhler, Peter, Lohmann, Gerrit, Butzin, Martin, Heaton, Timothy J, Köhler, Peter, and Lohmann, Gerrit
- Abstract
Beyond ~13.9 cal kBP, the IntCal20 radiocarbon (14C) calibration curve is based upon combining data across a range of different archives including corals and planktic foraminifera. In order to reliably incorporate such marine data into an atmospheric curve, we need to resolve these records into their constituent atmospheric signal and marine reservoir age. We present results of marine reservoir age simulations enabling this resolution, applying the LSG ocean general circulation model forced with various climatic background conditions and with atmospheric radiocarbon changes according to the Hulu Cave speleothem record. Simulating the spatiotemporal evolution of reservoir ages between 54,000 and 10,700 cal BP, we find reservoir ages between 500 and 1400 yr in the low- and mid-latitudes, but also more than 3000 yr in the polar seas. Our results are broadly in agreement with available marine radiocarbon reconstructions, with the caveat that continental margins, marginal seas, or tropical lagoons are not properly resolved in our coarse-resolution model.
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- 2020
32. The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP)
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Reimer, Paula J, Austin, William E N, Bard, Edouard, Bayliss, Alex, Blackwell, Paul G, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Cheng, Hai, Edwards, R Lawrence, Friedrich, Michael, Grootes, Pieter M, Guilderson, Thomas P, Hajdas, Irka, Heaton, Timothy J, Hogg, Alan G, Hughen, Konrad A, Kromer, Bernd, Manning, Sturt W, Muscheler, Raimund, Palmer, Jonathan G, Pearson, Charlotte, van der Plicht, Johannes, Reimer, Ron W, Richards, David A, Scott, E Marian, Southon, John R, Turney, Christian S M, Wacker, Lukas, Adolphi, Florian, Büntgen, Ulf, Capano, Manuela, Fahrni, Simon M, Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, Friedrich, Ronny, Köhler, Peter, Kudsk, Sabrina, Miyake, Fusa, Olsen, Jesper, Reinig, Frederick, Sakamoto, Minoru, Sookdeo, Adam, Talamo, Sahra, Reimer, Paula J, Austin, William E N, Bard, Edouard, Bayliss, Alex, Blackwell, Paul G, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Butzin, Martin, Cheng, Hai, Edwards, R Lawrence, Friedrich, Michael, Grootes, Pieter M, Guilderson, Thomas P, Hajdas, Irka, Heaton, Timothy J, Hogg, Alan G, Hughen, Konrad A, Kromer, Bernd, Manning, Sturt W, Muscheler, Raimund, Palmer, Jonathan G, Pearson, Charlotte, van der Plicht, Johannes, Reimer, Ron W, Richards, David A, Scott, E Marian, Southon, John R, Turney, Christian S M, Wacker, Lukas, Adolphi, Florian, Büntgen, Ulf, Capano, Manuela, Fahrni, Simon M, Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, Friedrich, Ronny, Köhler, Peter, Kudsk, Sabrina, Miyake, Fusa, Olsen, Jesper, Reinig, Frederick, Sakamoto, Minoru, Sookdeo, Adam, and Talamo, Sahra
- Abstract
Radiocarbon (14C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth system improves. In this volume the international 14C calibration curves for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, as well as for the ocean surface layer, have been updated to include a wealth of new data and extended to 55,000 cal BP. Based on tree rings, IntCal20 now extends as a fully atmospheric record to ca. 13,900 cal BP. For the older part of the timescale, IntCal20 comprises statistically integrated evidence from floating tree-ring chronologies, lacustrine and marine sediments, speleothems, and corals. We utilized improved evaluation of the timescales and location variable 14C offsets from the atmosphere (reservoir age, dead carbon fraction) for each dataset. New statistical methods have refined the structure of the calibration curves while maintaining a robust treatment of uncertainties in the 14C ages, the calendar ages and other corrections. The inclusion of modeled marine reservoir ages derived from a three-dimensional ocean circulation model has allowed us to apply more appropriate reservoir corrections to the marine 14C data rather than the previous use of constant regional offsets from the atmosphere. Here we provide an overview of the new and revised datasets and the associated methods used for the construction of the IntCal20 curve and explore potential regional offsets for tree-ring data. We discuss the main differences with respect to the previous calibration curve, IntCal13, and some of the implications for archaeology and geosciences ranging from the recent past to the time of the extinction of the Neander
- Published
- 2020
33. Marine20—The Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55,000 cal BP)
- Author
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Heaton, Timothy J, Köhler, Peter, Butzin, Martin, Bard, Edouard, Reimer, Ron W, Austin, William E N, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Grootes, Pieter M, Hughen, Konrad A, Kromer, Bernd, Reimer, Paula J, Adkins, Jess, Burke, Andrea, Cook, Mea S, Olsen, Jesper, Skinner, Luke C, Heaton, Timothy J, Köhler, Peter, Butzin, Martin, Bard, Edouard, Reimer, Ron W, Austin, William E N, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, Grootes, Pieter M, Hughen, Konrad A, Kromer, Bernd, Reimer, Paula J, Adkins, Jess, Burke, Andrea, Cook, Mea S, Olsen, Jesper, and Skinner, Luke C
- Abstract
The concentration of radiocarbon (14C) differs between ocean and atmosphere. Radiocarbon determinations from samples which obtained their 14C in the marine environment therefore need a marine-specific calibration curve and cannot be calibrated directly against the atmospheric-based IntCal20 curve. This paper presents Marine20, an update to the internationally agreed marine radiocarbon age calibration curve that provides a non-polar global-average marine record of radiocarbon from 0–55 cal kBP and serves as a baseline for regional oceanic variation. Marine20 is intended for calibration of marine radiocarbon samples from non-polar regions; it is not suitable for calibration in polar regions where variability in sea ice extent, ocean upwelling and air-sea gas exchange may have caused larger changes to concentrations of marine radiocarbon. The Marine20 curve is based upon 500 simulations with an ocean/atmosphere/biosphere box-model of the global carbon cycle that has been forced by posterior realizations of our Northern Hemispheric atmospheric IntCal20 14C curve and reconstructed changes in CO2 obtained from ice core data. These forcings enable us to incorporate carbon cycle dynamics and temporal changes in the atmospheric 14C level. The box-model simulations of the global-average marine radiocarbon reservoir age are similar to those of a more complex three-dimensional ocean general circulation model. However, simplicity and speed of the box model allow us to use a Monte Carlo approach to rigorously propagate the uncertainty in both the historic concentration of atmospheric 14C and other key parameters of the carbon cycle through to our final Marine20 calibration curve. This robust propagation of uncertainty is fundamental to providing reliable precision for the radiocarbon age calibration of marine based samples. We make a first step towards deconvolving the contributions of different processes to the total uncertainty; discuss the main differences of Marine20 from the
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- 2020
34. Abrupt climate and weather changes across time scales
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Lohmann, Gerrit, Butzin, Martin, Eissner, Nina, Shi, Xiaoxu, Stepanek, Christian, Lohmann, Gerrit, Butzin, Martin, Eissner, Nina, Shi, Xiaoxu, and Stepanek, Christian
- Abstract
The past provides evidence of abrupt climate shifts and changes in the frequency of climate and weather extremes. We explore the non‐linear response to orbital forcing and then consider climate millennial variability down to daily weather events. Orbital changes are translated into regional responses in temperature, where the precessional response is related to nonlinearities and seasonal biases in the system. We question regularities found in climate events by analyzing the distribution of inter‐event waiting times. Periodicities of about 900 and 1150 years are found in ice cores besides the prominent 1500‐years cycle. However, the variability remains indistinguishable from a random process, suggesting that centennial‐to‐millennial variability is stochastic in nature. New numerical techniques are developed allowing for a high resolution in the dynamically relevant regions like coasts, major upwelling regions, and high latitudes. Using this model, we find a strong sensitivity of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation depending on where the deglacial meltwater is injected into. Meltwater into the Mississippi and near Labrador hardly affect the large‐scale ocean circulation, whereas subpolar hosing mimicking icebergs yields a quasi shutdown. The same multi‐scale approach is applied to radiocarbon simulations enabling a dynamical interpretation of marine sediment cores. Finally, abrupt climate events also have counterparts in the recent climate records, revealing a close link between climate variability, the statistics of North Atlantic weather patterns, and extreme events.
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- 2020
35. Thermal bottlenecks in the life cycle define climate vulnerability of fish
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Dahlke, Flemming T., Wohlrab, Sylke, Butzin, Martin, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Dahlke, Flemming T., Wohlrab, Sylke, Butzin, Martin, and Pörtner, Hans-Otto
- Abstract
Species’ vulnerability to climate change depends on the most temperature-sensitive life stages, but for major animal groups such as fish, life cycle bottlenecks are often not clearly defined. We used observational, experimental, and phylogenetic data to assess stage-specific thermal tolerance metrics for 694 marine and freshwater fish species from all climate zones. Our analysis shows that spawning adults and embryos consistently have narrower tolerance ranges than larvae and nonreproductive adults and are most vulnerable to climate warming. The sequence of stage-specific thermal tolerance corresponds with the oxygen-limitation hypothesis, suggesting a mechanistic link between ontogenetic changes in cardiorespiratory (aerobic) capacity and tolerance to temperature extremes. A logarithmic inverse correlation between the temperature dependence of physiological rates (development and oxygen consumption) and thermal tolerance range is proposed to reflect a fundamental, energetic trade-off in thermal adaptation. Scenario-based climate projections considering the most critical life stages (spawners and embryos) clearly identify the temperature requirements for reproduction as a critical bottleneck in the life cycle of fish. By 2100, depending on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) scenario followed, the percentages of species potentially affected by water temperatures exceeding their tolerance limit for reproduction range from ~10% (SSP 1–1.9) to ~60% (SSP 5–8.5). Efforts to meet ambitious climate targets (SSP 1–1.9) could therefore benefit many fish species and people who depend on healthy fish stocks.
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- 2020
36. Coupled ocean-sediment model REcoM/MEDUSA
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Ye, Ying, Munhoven, Guy, Völker, Christoph, Butzin, Martin, and Köhler, Peter
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- 2019
37. The relative role of oceanic heat transport and orography on glacial climate
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Romanova, Vanya, Lohmann, Gerrit, Grosfeld, Klaus, and Butzin, Martin
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- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Abrupt Climate and Weather Changes Across Time Scales
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Lohmann, Gerrit, primary, Butzin, Martin, additional, Eissner, Nina, additional, Shi, Xiaoxu, additional, and Stepanek, Christian, additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP)
- Author
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Reimer, Paula J, primary, Austin, William E N, additional, Bard, Edouard, additional, Bayliss, Alex, additional, Blackwell, Paul G, additional, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, Cheng, Hai, additional, Edwards, R Lawrence, additional, Friedrich, Michael, additional, Grootes, Pieter M, additional, Guilderson, Thomas P, additional, Hajdas, Irka, additional, Heaton, Timothy J, additional, Hogg, Alan G, additional, Hughen, Konrad A, additional, Kromer, Bernd, additional, Manning, Sturt W, additional, Muscheler, Raimund, additional, Palmer, Jonathan G, additional, Pearson, Charlotte, additional, van der Plicht, Johannes, additional, Reimer, Ron W, additional, Richards, David A, additional, Scott, E Marian, additional, Southon, John R, additional, Turney, Christian S M, additional, Wacker, Lukas, additional, Adolphi, Florian, additional, Büntgen, Ulf, additional, Capano, Manuela, additional, Fahrni, Simon M, additional, Fogtmann-Schulz, Alexandra, additional, Friedrich, Ronny, additional, Köhler, Peter, additional, Kudsk, Sabrina, additional, Miyake, Fusa, additional, Olsen, Jesper, additional, Reinig, Frederick, additional, Sakamoto, Minoru, additional, Sookdeo, Adam, additional, and Talamo, Sahra, additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Marine20—The Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55,000 cal BP)
- Author
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Heaton, Timothy J, primary, Köhler, Peter, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, Bard, Edouard, additional, Reimer, Ron W, additional, Austin, William E N, additional, Bronk Ramsey, Christopher, additional, Grootes, Pieter M, additional, Hughen, Konrad A, additional, Kromer, Bernd, additional, Reimer, Paula J, additional, Adkins, Jess, additional, Burke, Andrea, additional, Cook, Mea S, additional, Olsen, Jesper, additional, and Skinner, Luke C, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Thermal bottlenecks in the life cycle define climate vulnerability of fish
- Author
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Dahlke, Flemming T., primary, Wohlrab, Sylke, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, and Pörtner, Hans-Otto, additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Marine radiocarbon simulations carried out with a global multi-resolution ocean model
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Butzin, Martin, primary, Sidorenko, Dmitry, additional, and Köhler, Peter, additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Centennial and millennial variability in models and data
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Lohmann, Gerrit, primary, Butzin, Martin, additional, Eissner, Nina, additional, Shi, Xiaoxu, additional, and Stepanek, Christian, additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Role of sediment in the marine C cycle—insights from a coupled ocean-sediment model
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Völker, Christoph, primary, Ye, Ying, additional, Butzin, Martin, additional, Köhler, Peter, additional, and Munhoven, Guy, additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. A Short Note on Marine Reservoir Age Simulations Used in IntCal20
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Butzin, Martin, primary, Heaton, Timothy J, additional, Köhler, Peter, additional, and Lohmann, Gerrit, additional
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Southern Ocean Si:N drawdown ratio in the glacial ocean and its biogeochemical consequences in low latitudes
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Ye, Ying, Völker, Christoph, Butzin, Martin, and Köhler, Peter
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- 2019
47. Modelling tempo-spatial signatures of Heinrich Events: influence of the climatic background state
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Prange, Matthias, Lohmann, Gerrit, Romanova, Vanya, and Butzin, Martin
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- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Comment on “Scrutinizing the carbon cycle and CO2residence time in the atmosphere” by H. Harde
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Köhler, Peter, Hauck, Judith, Völker, Christoph, Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter A., Butzin, Martin, Halpern, Joshua B., Rice, Ken, and Zeebe, Richard E.
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Stable carbon isotopes in the glacial ocean investigated with the REcoM marine ecosystem model
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Köhler, Peter, Butzin, Martin, Ye, Ying, and Völker, Christoph
- Abstract
Stable carbon isotopes have now been implemented in REcoM (Hauck et al., 2016), the marine ecosystem and biogeochemistry model applied at AWI. In an ocean-only setup imple- mented in the MITgcm 3D-OGCM we here show how changing boundary conditions influence the simulated δ13C fields. Different to most other marine biogeochemistry models, RECOM does not rely on fixed stoichiometric ratios of phytoplankton organic matter. Instead, the composition of phytoplankton organic matter is calculated as a response to light, tempera- ture and nutrient supply, which allows for assessing potential stoichiometric shifts between the past and present. We study different parametrisations of biogenic carbon-isotopic fractiona- tion of marine phytoplankton during photosynthesis (Laws versus Rau) and their influence on model–data comparisons for the Last Glacial Maximum and the Holocene. Furthermore, we perform simulations, in which the climatic boundary and initial condi- tions (SST, wind, precipitation, runoff, salinity) and / or the dust fluxes are prescribed for preindustrial or LGM conditions based on previous studies (Zhang et al., 2014; Völker & Köh- ler, 2013; Albani et al., 2016). This gives us four simulations, from which we will analyse how especially dust via iron fertilization of the marine biology versus mainly physical (ocean overturning) changes will influence simulated δ13C fields. In doing so we will quantify how relevant the silicic acid leakage hypothesis and ocean overturning changes are for glacial δ13C.
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- 2018
50. A study of glacial–interglacial variations of the marine stable carbon isotope record using a non-Redfield biogeochemical model
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Butzin, Martin, Köhler, Peter, and Völker, Christoph
- Abstract
We investigate glacial–interglacial variations in the marine stable carbon-isotope record applying the marine ecosystem and biogeochemistry model RECOM, which is forced with model output from fully coupled climate simulations. Different to most other marine biogeochemistry models, RECOM does not rely on fixed stoichiomet- ric ratios of phytoplankton organic matter. Instead, the composition of phytoplankton organic matter is calculated as a response to light, temperature and nutrient supply, which allows for assessing potential stoichiometric shifts between the past and present. We consider carbon-isotopic fractionation of marine phytoplankton during photosynthesis, studying different biogenic fractionation parametrisations and their influence on model–data comparisons for the Last Glacial Maximum and the Holocene.
- Published
- 2018
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