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Land capability classification (LCC) for soils ranking is used to link the peculiarities of an area to the productions and the applied management. Terroir has a great influence on viticultural activities and wine quality. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the components of Carastelec and Camăr vineyards' terroirs and determine the influence of the soil and land characteristics on the suitability and capability of these lands for vine culture. Data on soil and climate were gathered. Soil samples were collected, analyzed, and modelled to establish their capability and suitability for vine use followed by land capability improvement approaches and grape varieties recommendation. The results reveal that the studied areas consist of different soil types and ecologically homogenous territories which ranks them into different capability and suitability classes suggesting that they have a moderate capability for table grapes production and a higher one for wine grapes production. By applying works to reduce or cancel the identified limitations, the ranking was higher for both vineyards and recommendations of the moist suitable grape varieties to be cultivated were made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Romania’s spontaneous flora are reported over 3759 species of plants, of which 3136 species are spontaneous [CIOCÂRLAN, 2000], 23 have been declared nature monuments, 74 are extinct, 39 endangered, 171 are vulnerable and 1253 are rare. Characteristic grassland species is approximately 37% of total existent plants in Romania, and alpine species is 14%. It was identified a total of 57 endemic taxons (species and subspecies) and 171 subendemic taxons [www.wikipedia.org].The floristic ranges adapted to the unfavorable conditions dictated by nature, with the possibility to use in rocky gardens, are: Campanula carpatica Jacq., Dianthus callizonus Schott et Kotschy, Gentiana acaulis L., Leontopodium alpinum Cass., Phlox amoena Sims., Saxifraga oppositifolia L., Sedum alpestre Vill., Sempervivum montanum L., Viola odorata L. Species that grow on alpine meadows in the spring until late autumn, recommended in landscape arrangements are: Adonis vernalis L., Carlina acaulis L., Paeonia tenuifolia L., Primula elatior Hill., Primula veris L., species that impress through form and the chromatic variety.This paper contains a brief description of some native species used or recommended for rocky gardens.

Terroir is a term of French origin (terre) derived from popular Latin (terratorium-earth). The expression is used as an umbrella concept, which incorporates all the distinct features of a particular wine-growing area, with an effect on the taste and quality of the wine. It is generally used to describe how the particularities of the region - climate, soil, geographical position and tradition - influence the wine produced here. The objective of the paper was to analyze the terroir components of the Silvaniei vineyard and to highlight the influence of the soil on the wine products obtained. The quality, suitability and capability classes obtained highlighted the differences between the terroir components from the Şimleul Silvaniei vineyard and the Sărmăşag vineyard, the latter presenting a slightly superior suitability for the vine culture. Also, a differentiation of the recommended correction works was highlighted, so that following the enhanced evaluation, the plantation from Şimleul Silvaniei obtained higher evaluation marks (over 100 points). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salinization occurs in natural conditions as a result of a complex of factors such as climate, topography, and hydrogeology. Salinity principally occurs in sub-humid to arid regions but secondary salinization is a consequence of direct human activities it extends by the day. In the field, soil salinity is deduced from apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) by using a range of devices. Although a number of proximal sensors have recently been used worldwide to simplify fieldwork, few studies using new technologies have been addressed in Romania. The objective of this study was to assess the spatial variability of the apparent electrical conductivity of saline soils using a DUALEM instrument in Valea Sărată (Cluj). Spatial variability maps were generated by using of a geostatistical method. Significantly higher ECa was detected in poorly drained areas close to water channels (ECa above 1000 mS/m), while lower and less variable ECa values were recorded on the side slopes (ECa<200 mS/m). These areas correspond with eutric salic regosol identified on upper lands. The map of ECa measurements at surface show a higher variability of salinity then at depth at which the ground water disolved the salts. The instrument proved to be more efficient compared with traditional methods, regarding soil salinity mapping and delineating the soil boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current agronomic practices are defined by two components: technology and biological dynamics. The response of agroecosystems to applied technologies is visible in the structure and interrelations of the biological component, which defines the actual fertility of soils. In soil-plant-soil biota system, both soil and plant have a rich history in terms of analysis and dynamics. Soil biota is a relatively new component studied, but without an integrated mapping. The response of soil micro-flora and -fauna to technological pressure is found in fertility level, resilience potential, yield stability and conservative status of soil. Mycorrhizas are co-evolutionary symbiotic partners of most cultivated plants. The complex of fungi-roots is defining overall nutrients absobtion, plant nutrition and productivity. In this context, development of a mycorrhizal mapping system has a high value represented by an improvement of agronomic technologies. The design of mycorrhizal maps can serve to create a management adapted to the specific conditions of agricultural holdings and to increase productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper analyzes the influence of the environment and soil on the quality of the seedling of roses (Rosa Sp). To determine the influence of the soil on the seedling's quality it is necessary to evaluate the climateric condition, to set-up experimental fields, plants (Rosa Sp.) biometric measurements and in the end to evaluate the soil impact. To achieve the purpose of the paper the experience were set as polyfactorial experiences, organized in comparative culture, Latin rectangle, in six repetitions, arranged in storey blocks, with two soil types, and a number of seven varieties of roses. The research was made at SC ROSAFRUCT SRL Unirea and at the Research Fruit Station Cluj. The variance and t test were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that the seven types of roses can be divided into three main categories: the first category includes the species that better develop on eutric fluviosoil, the second category includes the species that better develop on calcaric fluviosoil, and the third category includes the species for which the soil has no influence on the development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper had as main objective the orientation to unconventional resources and protecting ecosystems, with significant participation in flow optimization of substances and nutrients, in limiting the use of resources and potentially harmful inputs. Greenhouse soils are subject to intensive technologies that determine deep changes of the upper layers of soil, especially the aggregation capacity, so require solutions to improve the structural condition, with implications for quality indicators that define the productive capacity of soils. Use of soil structure conditioners proved an effective measure, especially for heavy degradation of the soil structure, as evidenced in the current research of using soil conditioner under the culture of vegetables where there was a clear increase of stability of soil aggregates (from 49.1% to 68.4%) and consequently an improvement in physical and chemical properties of the soil. Research has highlighted also a distinction of structural composition of stable aggregates categories and that applying soil conditioner in double dose (4 L/ha) results no major differences, not being economic nor sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we analyzed in terms of flora, ecological and pedological aspects three semi-natural hay meadows in Rodna Mountains. They are located in the north east of Bistrita-Nasaud county in the Valea Mare village area. The altitudes at which the meadows are located vary between 749 and 1292.5 meters. To determine the fl oristic compozition we used the Braun-Blanquet method with intermediate values and the ecological requirements of plants was performed using the Ellenberg vegetation indices. Pedological characterization has been described as a result of observed excavated sections and physico-chemical soil analysis performed in a specialized laboratory. In this study we determined two grassland types and three soil types. Environmental requirements of the plants were similar in the three studied locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are a high number of indoor ornamental plants that can purify the air in living spaces. These plants acts as micro filters and removes some toxic substances emanated by various building materials, heating system, air conditioning system, but also from different indoor accessories. Numerous studies in this area show that employees in offices without plants can suffer various allergies, irritations, hypersensitivity, asthma, drowsiness, and eye problems. Also, it is known that the presence of plants can positively affect mood and health of employees. Based on the literature review, this article presents the most effective ornamental plants with direct action on improving the air from indoors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development Strategy of Cluj-Napoca city imposes to establish directions, priorities and regulations for spatial and urban development. Rational and balanced use of land necessary for urban functions can only be based on a study of soil conditions justifying optimum land use categories. Soil survey of city appears as a necessity due to the changes by editing the new Romanian System of Soil Taxonomy RSST-2003 and to determine the use and suitability of land categories. As a result of soil survey have identified 12 genetic soil types belonging to classes Protisols, Luvisols, Cernisols, Hidrisols, Slasodjsols, Histisols and Antrisols. Soil survey allowed the development of hazards maps induced by soil degradation of land, on which settled areas to build temporary or permanent ban. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ardisia genus includes 250 small trees, shrubs and subshrubs distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It used and sold in the horticulture industry as an ornamental plant - often called Christmas berry or Coral Berry, Marlberry. It is native to China, Japan and northern India, take part of the family Myrsinaceae. 65 species are in China including 14 native species in Hong Kong. Ardisia beginning cultivation in 1982, spreading into wooded areas. Currently Ardisia is found in many counties used in the landscape or indoor design for its persistent red berries, glossy foliage and low maintenance. The study involves Ardisia species A. crenata Sims. and A. pusilla A. DC. , are two species cultivated in South Korea and were brought in our country during an exchange of biological material between RDA Suwon - Korea and University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj in a frame of bilateral agreement. The multiplication of these species were made by cuttings and during the experience was studied the influence of rooting substrate on root system formation. Some soil mixtures were tested: I. perlite + peat + garden soil, with a ratio of 3:1:1, II. peat + sand + mature manure 2:1:1, III. peat + perlite 1:1, IV. perlite (control of experience). The best results for Ardisia crenata were obtained in mixture of peat + perlite + garden soil in 3:1:1 ratio, rooting occurred in 37 days. The process of rooting of Ardisia pusilla was finished in 58 days, and the best result was obtained in the mixture consist in of peat + sand + mature manure 2:1:1 ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acid soils represent over 40% of Romanian soils. The most widespread being those that belong to the luvisoils class (over 25.5%), The most being found in the Transylvanian counties (Salaj, Satu-Mare, Maramures, Cluj). These soils are very good for the culture of the high bush blueberry (Vaccinium corimbosum), a fruit bush appreciated for the value of the fruits rich in vitamins, used in food and pharmaceutical industry. The plantation of high bush blueberry has a very high exploitation length and is the crop with one of the highest profits on surface unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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By surface mining degradation without a selective topsoil of layer vegetation that later to cover the leveled sterile waste dumps radical changes take place in biological activity. Thus results with very low natural fertility. Enzymathic activity (dehydrogenase, catalase and saccharum on entiantrosoils) has values much lower compared to degraded soils. Covering waste dump material (entiantrosoil) even with 10 cm layer plant would be biological the "sowing" which would contribute to faster restoration of these "soil fertility's". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main pourpouse of the paper is to determinate the influence of the argillaceous- sandy soil on two property of the seed material at the roses. These characteristics have a major importance because it determined the quality of the rose plants. All the material that have been study is made from five rose cultivars, and the results was interpreted with student test. The results that have been obtain are interestring because we can say that the soil is influence the seed material quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Truffles are one of the most hunted varieties of mushrooms in Europe due to their high price and their increasingly frequent use in the kitchen. As demonstrated by several studies, soil conditions are among the main factors that influence the spread and development of the black truffle species. The purpose of this study was to identify the soil factors which directly and indirectly influence the distribution of black truffles (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) in Romania and to identify the areas from the Subcarpathian Hills of Transylvania which are highly favourable to their existence and growth, using G.I.S. spatial analysis and databases which include soil characteristics (soil type, texture, gleization, stagno-gleization) and territorial localisation through GPS points indicating the samples of Tuber aestivum. By implementing the statistical model of spatial analysis (BSA - Bivariate Statistical Analysis) for each characteristic, a series of areas were classified into three classes of favourability (low, medium, high) for the growth of Tuber aestivum. The results were validated indirectly by comparing the overlapping of the areas from the high favourability class with the areas covered with tree species from the Quercus genus and directly, through field research (on the surfaces with maximum favourability), done by specialised truffle seekers. The results were validated with a very high confidence rate for both methods (method 1 - overlapping of approximatively 93%, method 2 - Tuber aestivum was identified on 12 out of 15 test surfaces from the high favourability class). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a summary of a study which investigated the valorification of disintegrated lands from Transylvania through cultivation of Hippophae rhamnoides. It details the methodology of the study conducted on the ornamental plant specie. It reveals the therapeutic use of the substances of its fruits.