21 results on '"Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia"'
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2. Juzgar con perspectiva de género. Teoría y normativa de una estrategia ante el desafío de la tutela judicial efectiva para mujeres y personas LGBTIQ+
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Gauché-Marchetti, Ximena, Domínguez-Montoya, Álvaro, Fuentealba-Carrasco, Pablo, Santana-Silva, Daniela, Sánchezpezo, Gabriela, Bustos-Ibarra, Cecilia, Barría-Paredes, Manuel, Pérezdíaz, Cecilia, González-Fuente, Rodrigo, and Sanhueza-Riffo, Cynthia
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Algunas variables que influyen en las representaciones de genero en el Poder Judicial de Chile
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Fuentealba Carrasco, Pablo, Sánchez Pezo, Gabriela, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, Santana Silva, Daniela, Rioseco Vallejos, Valentina, Sanhueza Riffo, Cynthia, González Fuente, Rodrigo, Domínguez Montoya, Álvaro, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, Pérez Díaz, Cecilia, and Barria Paredes, Manuel
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- 2020
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- View/download PDF
4. Representaciones, estereotipos y discriminación hacia personas LGBTIQ+ en el PJUD.
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Fuentealba-Carrasco, Pablo, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, Cifuentes Garrido, Benjamín, Sánchez Pezo, Gabriela, Brevis-Cartes, Priscilla, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, and Pérez Díaz, Cecilia
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STEREOTYPES ,HOMOPHOBIA ,HETERONORMATIVITY ,ACCESS to justice ,SEXUAL diversity - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Austral de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades, Intituto de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Austral de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. perspectiva de género interseccional en las sentencias de la Corte Interamericana de derechos humanos
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Brevis Cartes, Priscilla, primary, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, additional, and Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, additional
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- 2023
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- View/download PDF
6. Participación política de las mujeres en Chile y sus oportunidades, en la percepción de estudiantes de primer año de universidad. El caso de la Universidad de Concepción
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Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, Muñoz Labraña, Carlos, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, and Álvez Marín, Amaya
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Legal Custody of Children and Adolescents in Cases of Parents’ Separation. An Evolutionary Overview from Sole Custody of the Child by the Mother to Shared Custody
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Barría Paredes, Manuel, Sánchez Pezo , Gabriela, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, Fuentalba-Carrasco, Pablo, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, Pérez Díaz, Norma, Sanhueza Riffo, Cynthia, Santana Silva, Daniela, and Domínguez Montoya, Álvaro
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derecho de familia ,cuidado personal compartido ,principio de protección de niños ,cuidado personal ,family law ,corresponsabilidad parental ,niñas y adolescentes ,derecho internacional de derechos humanos ,child and adolescents protection principle ,legal sole custody ,derecho de custodia legal ,international human rights law ,parental co-responsibility ,shared custody (of children) ,legal custody (of children) ,Law - Abstract
RESUMEN. El presente trabajo expone la evolución legislativa de la institución del cuidado personal de los hijos e hijas en el ordenamiento jurídico chileno, mostrando la consagración legal de la institución y sus modificaciones legales. Además, profundiza en la situación actual de la institución en comento, abordando tópicos como la corresponsabilidad parental, el cuidado personal compartido, las situaciones de inhabilidad de los padres y el ejercicio del cuidado personal por personas diferentes. Finalmente, se hace un breve análisis proyectivo de la cuestión a la luz de estándares establecidos por instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos y la realidad chilena contemporánea. ABSTRACT. This article presents the legislative evolution of the institution of sole custody of children in the Chilean legal system, showing the legal consecration of the institution and its legal modifications. Moreover, it goes further into the current situation of the said institution, addressing topics such as parental co-responsibility, shared custody, parents' situations of inability and the exercise of sole custody by different people. Finally, a brief projective analysis of the issue is made in the light of international human rights law standards and the contemporary Chilean reality.
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- 2022
8. Acoso sexual en Chile y tutela judicial efectiva: algunos nudos críticos desde la perspectiva de género
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Domínguez Montoya, Álvaro, primary, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, additional, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, additional, and Pérez Díaz, Cecilia, additional
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- 2022
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- View/download PDF
9. Points of view of chilean adolescents about asking for help and suggestions to prevent dating violence based on an ecological systems theory
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Lessard, Geneviève, Sanhueza Morales, Tatiana Andrea, Valdivia-Peralta, Maruzzella, Bustos-Ibarra, Cecilia, Lessard, Geneviève, Sanhueza Morales, Tatiana Andrea, Valdivia-Peralta, Maruzzella, and Bustos-Ibarra, Cecilia
- Abstract
While several programs have been developed to prevent dating violence, few have been evaluated. Likewise, few studies have documented adolescents' viewpoints on how prevention should be done. The current qualitative study seeks to strategically fill a gap in knowledge regarding the points of view of Chilean adolescents about the strategies that are best suited to prevent this problem and what is relevant content for prevention programs. This paper is part of a broader study on adolescents' social representations of dating violence. The study's aim was to explore Chilean adolescents' points of view about asking for help and their suggestions about how to prevent dating violence. The sample included 48 Chilean adolescents, 26 girls (54.1%) and 22 boys (45.8%) between 14 and 18 years old, recruited from public and private schools, who were interviewed with a focus group method. The study consisted of two phases; the results of the second phase are discussed in this manuscript. The results are useful for the development of an appropriate socio-political response to this social and public health problem. Participants identified friends and parents as more common sources from whom to seek help than teachers and health professionals. The severity of dating violence and ensuing injuries are the main reasons for asking for help. In addition, gender is considered a central prevention issue in a changing Chilean cultural context. According to the ecological systems theory, prevention strategies based on the environment of adolescents at multiple levels (individual, interpersonal, community, and social) and in multiple components have been recommended.
- Published
- 2022
10. Juzgar con perspectiva de género. Teoría y normativa de una estrategia ante el desafío de la tutela judicial efectiva para mujeres y personas LGBTIQ+
- Author
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Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, González Fuente, Rodrigo, Pérez Díaz, Cecilia, Barría Paredes, Manuel, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia del C., Sánchez Pezo, Gabriela, Santana Silva, Daniela, Fuentealba Carrasco, Pablo, Domínguez Montoya, Álvaro Eduardo, Sanhueza Riffo, Cynthia, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, González Fuente, Rodrigo, Pérez Díaz, Cecilia, Barría Paredes, Manuel, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia del C., Sánchez Pezo, Gabriela, Santana Silva, Daniela, Fuentealba Carrasco, Pablo, Domínguez Montoya, Álvaro Eduardo, and Sanhueza Riffo, Cynthia
- Abstract
This work aims to defend the inclusion of the gender perspective as a tool that favors the legal protection of rights for women and LGBTIQ+ people. We uphold the idea that the access to justice must be understood as an essential human right in a democratic state. So, it is relevant to remove obstacles affecting these categories of people in line with the international human rights standards. In this context, based on the Chilean case, we endorse the idea that, within the jurisdictional function, the gender perspective contributes to a more effective protection of rights., Este trabajo tiene por objetivo defender la incorporación de la perspectiva de género como una estrategia que favorece el logro de la tutela judicial efectiva para mujeres y personas LGBTIQ+. Afirmamos que el acceso a la justicia debe ser comprendido como un derecho humano indispensable en un Estado democrático, debiendo cuidar la remoción de los obstáculos que afectan especialmente a estas categorías de personas, como lo han indicado estándares internacionales de derechos humanos. En ese contexto, a partir del caso chileno, sostenemos que la perspectiva de género es una herramienta que, llevada al ejercicio de la función jurisdiccional, contribuye a hacer efectiva la tutela judicial.
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- 2022
11. La discriminación laboral en el Poder Judicial chileno. Una caracterización de las percepciones al interior de la institución
- Author
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Fuentealba-Carrasco, Pablo, primary, Sánchez Pezo, Gabriela, additional, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, additional, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, additional, Domínguez Montoya, Álvaro, additional, Santana Silva, Daniela, additional, Sanhueza Riffo, Cynthia, additional, Pérez Díaz, Cecilia, additional, and Barría Paredes, Manuel, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Points of View of Chilean Adolescents about Asking for Help and Suggestions to Prevent Dating Violence Based on an Ecological Systems Theory
- Author
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Sanhueza, Tatiana, primary, Lessard, Geneviève, additional, Valdivia-Peralta, Maruzzella, additional, and Bustos-Ibarra, Cecilia, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO INTERSECCIONAL EN LAS SENTENCIAS DE LA CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DERECHOS HUMANOS.
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BREVIS CARTES, PRISCILLA, BUSTOS IBARRA, CECILIA, and GAUCHÉ MARCHETTI, XIMENA
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FORM perception ,ACCESS to justice ,INTERSECTIONALITY ,HUMAN rights ,COURTS ,GENDER - Abstract
Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Desafíos de la calidad percibida y el ejercicio del derecho a la información de los/as usuarios/as de las unidades de urgencias hospitalarias
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González-Sanzana, Carla, primary and Bustos-Ibarra, Cecilia, additional
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- 2021
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15. Percepção de estudantes que entram para estudar pedagogia do que é um bom cidadão, instituições públicas e a eficácia da ação política
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Muñoz Labraña, Carlos, Casanova Laudien, María Paz, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, Henríquez Ramírez, Alfonso, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, and Alvez Marín, Amaya
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acción política ,percepciones ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,buen ciudadano ,lcsh:L ,instituciones públicas ,lcsh:Education - Abstract
The goal of this report is to study University of Concepcion preservice teachers’ conceptions about what it means to be a good citizen, public institutions, and efficiency of the political action. The study was conducted by using an exploratory and quantitative method. Data about conceptions, attitudes and actions was gathered by using a test developed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). In 1999, the test was applied to Chilean students and in 2009; the test was applied to primary and middle school students (Mineduc, 2004). Findings show that pre-service teachers have a low interest as well as comprehension about politics. In addition, they show very low confidence in public institutions such as government, congress, police, justice system, and political parties. On the other hand, they show high value regarding civil rights, the rol of the government and opportunities provided by democracy. El artículo informa los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo estudiar las concepciones, con las que ingresan el universo de estudiantes de pedagogía a estudiar en la Universidad de Concepción, sobre lo que es un buen ciudadano, las instituciones públicas, y la efectividad de la acción política.La investigación, de carácter cuantitativa y exploratoria, utilizó, como instrumento para recoger la información, la encuesta de conceptualizaciones, actitudes y acciones utilizada en la prueba de la International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), aplicada en Chile en 1999 y 2009 en la educación general (Mineduc, 2004).Los resultados demostraron que los estudiantes, al comenzar sus estudios de pedagogía, manifiestan un bajo interés y comprensión de la política y, a la vez, una muy baja confianza en las instituciones públicas, como el gobierno, el congreso, la policía, los tribunales de justicia y los partidos políticos. Se destacan por la valoración que hacen de sus derechos, del rol del Estado y de las oportunidades que ofrece la democracia. O artigo informa os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo estudar as concepções com as que ingressam o universo de estudantes de licenciatura a estudar na Universidad de Concepcióm, sobre o que é um bom cidadão, as instituições públicas, e a efetividade da ação política.A pesquisa, de caráter quantitativo e exploratório, utilizou como instrumento para colher a informação o questionário de conceitualizações, atitudes e ações utilizado no exame da International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), aplicada no Chile em 1999 e em 2009 na educação em geral (Mineduc, 2004).Os resultados demonstraram que os estudantes, ao começar seus estudos em licenciatura, manifestam um baixo interesse e compreensão da política e, ao mesmo tempo, uma confiança muito baixa nas instituições públicas como o governo, o Congresso, a polícia, os tribunais de justiça e os partidos políticos.Destacando-se pela avaliação que fazem dos seus direitos, do papel do Estado e das oportunidades que oferece a democracia.
- Published
- 2018
16. Discursos sobre la identidad de género en la configuración de políticas sociales, desde la perspectiva de actores políticos gobierno nacional, regional y sociedad civil organizada
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Sepulveda San Martín, Camila A., Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia del C., Sepulveda San Martín, Camila A., and Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia del C.
- Abstract
In Chile, a context of social vulnerability towards transgender people is recognized, this is evidenced through transphobic practices, and a social, labor and / or educational discrimination scenario. Given this context, from the International Law of Human Rights, the international community has agreed on a series of International Human Rights Treaties that establish obligations of the States that include preventive, promotional and / or reparation measures towards this group. Chile has ratified several agreements to promote the exercise of their rights, however, in practice critical knots are seen, generating gaps between the doctrinal framework and social policy, as it does not contain elements to link this particular group with the exercise of their rights. The purpose of this research was to know the discourses on the gender identity of trans people in the configuration of social policies, from the perspective of political actors of the national and regional government; and organized civil society. The methodology used was of a qualitative nature. The sample consisted of a total of seventeen informants belonging to two national contexts (Metropolitan Region and Maule Region), exploring four sectors of social policy: women and gender equity, health, education and work. For the analysis process, the Critical Discourse Analysis was used as a methodological tool. Under the guidelines of Teun Van Dijk and Luisa Martín Rojo, basically using analysis of global semantic structures and local meanings., En Chile, se reconoce un contexto de vulnerabilidad social hacia personas trans, esto se evidencia a través de prácticas de transfobia, y un escenario de discriminación social, laboral y/o educacional.Ante este contexto, desde el Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos, la comunidad internacional ha acordado una serie de Tratados Internacionales de derechos humanos que establecen obligaciones de los Estados que incluyen medidas preventivas, de promoción y/o reparación hacia este colectivo. Chile, ha ratificado diversos convenios para promover el ejercicio de sus derechos, sin embargo, en la práctica se visualizan nudos críticos, generando brechas entre el marco doctrinario y la política social, ya que no contiene elementos para vincular a este colectivo en particular con el ejercicio de sus derechos.La finalidad de esta investigación fue conocer los discursos sobre la identidad de género de personas trans en la configuración de las políticas sociales, desde la perspectiva de actores políticos del gobierno nacional y regional; y de la sociedad civil organizada. La metodología utilizada fue de carácter cualitativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por un total de 17 informantes pertenecientes a dos contextos nacional (Región Metropolitana) y regional (Región del Maule) explorando cuatro sectores de la política social: mujer y equidad de género, salud, educación y trabajo. Para el proceso de análisis se utilizó como herramienta metodológica el Análisis Crítico del Discurso.
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- 2018
17. Percepción de los estudiantes que ingresan a estudiar pedagogía de lo que es un buen ciudadano, las instituciones públicas y la efectividad de la acción política
- Author
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Muñoz Labraña, Carlos, Casanova Laudien, María Paz, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia del C., Henríquez Ramírez, Alfonso, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, Álvez Marín, Amaya, Muñoz Labraña, Carlos, Casanova Laudien, María Paz, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia del C., Henríquez Ramírez, Alfonso, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, and Álvez Marín, Amaya
- Abstract
The goal of this report is to study University of Concepcion preservice teachers’ conceptions about what it means to be a good citizen, public institutions, and efficiency of the political action. The study was conducted by using an exploratory and quantitative method. Data about conceptions, attitudes and actions was gathered by using a test developed by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). In 1999, the test was applied to Chilean students and in 2009; the test was applied to primary and middle school students (Mineduc, 2004). Findings show that pre-service teachers have a low interest as well as comprehension about politics. In addition, they show very low confidence in public institutions such as government, congress, police, justice system, and political parties. On the other hand, they show high value regarding civil rights, the rol of the government and opportunities provided by democracy., O artigo informa os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo estudar as concepções com as que ingressam o universo de estudantes de licenciatura a estudar na Universidad de Concepcióm, sobre o que é um bom cidadão, as instituições públicas, e a efetividade da ação política.A pesquisa, de caráter quantitativo e exploratório, utilizou como instrumento para colher a informação o questionário de conceitualizações, atitudes e ações utilizado no exame da International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), aplicada no Chile em 1999 e em 2009 na educação em geral (Mineduc, 2004).Os resultados demonstraram que os estudantes, ao começar seus estudos em licenciatura, manifestam um baixo interesse e compreensão da política e, ao mesmo tempo, uma confiança muito baixa nas instituições públicas como o governo, o Congresso, a polícia, os tribunais de justiça e os partidos políticos.Destacando-se pela avaliação que fazem dos seus direitos, do papel do Estado e das oportunidades que oferece a democracia., El artículo informa los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo estudiar las concepciones, con las que ingresan el universo de estudiantes de pedagogía a estudiar en la Universidad de Concepción, sobre lo que es un buen ciudadano, las instituciones públicas, y la efectividad de la acción política.La investigación, de carácter cuantitativa y exploratoria, utilizó, como instrumento para recoger la información, la encuesta de conceptualizaciones, actitudes y acciones utilizada en la prueba de la International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), aplicada en Chile en 1999 y 2009 en la educación general (Mineduc, 2004).Los resultados demostraron que los estudiantes, al comenzar sus estudios de pedagogía, manifiestan un bajo interés y comprensión de la política y, a la vez, una muy baja confianza en las instituciones públicas, como el gobierno, el congreso, la policía, los tribunales de justicia y los partidos políticos. Se destacan por la valoración que hacen de sus derechos, del rol del Estado y de las oportunidades que ofrece la democracia.
- Published
- 2018
18. Percepción de los estudiantes que ingresan a estudiar pedagogía de lo que es un buen ciudadano, las instituciones públicas y la efectividad de la acción política
- Author
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Muñoz Labraña, Carlos, primary, Casanova Laudien, María Paz, additional, Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, additional, Henríquez Ramírez, Alfonso, additional, Gauché Marchetti, Ximena, additional, and Alvez Marín, Amaya, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Modos de vida de la clase trabajadora en Chile y su relación con la salud
- Author
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Bustos Ibarra, Cecilia, Adelantado Gimeno, José, Rojas Hernández, Jorge, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Sociologia
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Ciències Socials ,Modes of life ,Clase treballadora ,Health ,Clase trabajadora ,Formes de vida ,Salut ,Salud ,Working class ,Modos de vida - Abstract
Esta tesis se enmarca en la línea de investigación sobre desigualdades en salud y pretende aportar a la comprensión de la relación entre la clase social y la salud desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar incorporando aportes teórico-conceptuales provenientes de la sociología, la salud pública, la medicina social latinoamericana y la epidemiología crítica. Desde la sociología se utilizan las nociones de estructura social y clase social, desde concepción neomarxista (Wright, 1985), para asegurar la adecuación al contexto latinoamericano se utiliza el esquema de clases propuesto por Portes y Hoffman (2003). La noción central corresponde a “los modos de vida”, proviene de la medicina social latinoamericana (Possas, 1989, Almeida-Filho, 2000) y es entendida como una amplia y fundamental instancia determinante de los procesos de salud y enfermedad, mediada por dos dimensiones intervinientes: las condiciones materiales de vida y los estilos de vida. Finalmente desde la epidemiología crítica se adopta la noción de “procesos críticos de exposición” (Breilh, 2004) para comprender la relación entre el riesgo y los modos de vida de la clase trabajadora. La Hipótesis propuesta establece que: “Los modos de vida de la clase trabajadora en Chile, en especial de la clase trabajadora informal, se caracterizan por la presencia de procesos de exposición permanentes -que no son contingentes, sino que actúan de manera continuada y se caracterizan por una baja o nula libertad de elección de parte de los individuos- que dificultan la adopción de estilos de vida saludables y que generan procesos destructivos para la salud”. Para la contrastación empírica se seleccionó Chile como caso de estudio. Esta decisión se fundamenta en las características particulares que dan cuenta de un contexto de especial interés sociológico, tales como: la implantación temprana y radical del modelo económico neoliberal en el contexto de la dictadura militar, los efectos de este proceso en la estructura de clases, el rol subsidiario del Estado y las transformación del sistema de seguridad social y específicamente, la reforma neoliberal al sistema de salud, la particularidad del modelo mixto/dual de sistema de salud vigente, el desarrollo económico, las desigualdades sociales y los desafíos actuales en el ejercicio del derecho a la salud. La metodología corresponde a un estudio cualitativo de tipo descriptivo-explicativo, con enfoque fenomenológico. El diseño muestral correspondió a un muestreo teórico de 26 personas pertenecientes a clase trabajadora de las zonas urbanas de Santiago y Concepción. La técnica utilizada fue entrevista semiestructurada. El proceso de análisis se realizó con apoyo del software Atlas.ti y consideró dos tipos de análisis: de contenido y crítico del discurso. Los resultados permiten describir en profundidad los modos de vida de la clase trabajadora en Chile desde la perspectiva de los propios entrevistados/as. Se constata la presencia de dos patrones de exposición: exposición crónica y exposición inherente al modo de vida de la clase trabajadora (no poder elegir el lugar donde viven, barrios con problemas ambientales y sociales, fuerte estigma social asociado a la violencia, drogadicción y delincuencia, viviendas con problemas de calidad, vivir en calidad de allegados/as, hacinamiento, exposición a condiciones climáticas adversas, a riesgos de accidentes de tránsito, riesgo de agresiones y violencia, cargar peso excesivo, y permanecer largas horas de pie). Los argumentos para explicar cómo se relacionan los modos de vida con la salud, legitiman y naturalizan los procesos destructivos para la salud. Los trabajadores/as formales afirman que “están dispuestos a sacrificar su salud para obtener mayores ingresos”, mientras que los trabajadores/as informales se sienten “obligados a sacrificar su salud por la necesidad económica”., This thesis is a research on health inequalities and seeks to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between social class and health. The perspective used is an interdisciplinary one using theoric-conceptual contributions from sociology, public health, Latin American social medicine and critical epidemiology. From a sociology perspective, the notions are social structure and social class, from the conception neomarxist (Wrigth,1985) to ensure the adequacy to the Latin American context the class schema proposed by Portes and Hoffman is used (2003). The central notion corresponds to modes of life from the Latin American social medicine (Possas, 1989, Almeida Filho, 2000) and it is understood as a comprehensive and fundamental determinant instance between health process and disease, as two dimensions; the material conditions of life and the modes of life. Finally from a epidemiology perspective this work criticizes the notion of “critical exposure process” (Breilh, 2004) as a way to understand the relationship between risk and modes of life the working class. The hypothesis offered is following ”the ways of life of working the class in Chile, specially the informal working class, are characterized by the continuing processes of permanent exposure that are not contingent but act continuously and are characterized for little or no freedom of individual choice that impede the adoption of healthy lifestyles and generate noxious health processes”. For empirical constrasting Chile was selected as a study case. This decision is based on the special sociological interest provided by the context, such as the early and radical implementation of the neoliberal economic model un the military dictatorship, and the effects of this process in the class structure. Also, the subsidiary role of the state and the transformation of the social security system and specifically, the neoliberal reform, that had the particularity of a mixed/dual model health system mode, economic development, social inequality and the current challenges in the exercise of the right to health. The methodology corresponds to a qualitative study of descriptive –explanatory type, with a phenomenological approach. The design corresponds to a theoretical sample of 26 people belonging to the working class and the urban zones of Santiago and Concepción .The interview technique used was a semi-structured one. The analysis process was carried out with support from of Atlas.ti software and it considered two types of analysis, of content and of critical discourse. The results allowed us to describe in detail the modes of life of the working class in Chile from the perspective of the respondents. The findings are the presence of two patterns of exposure: chronic exposure and permanent exposures to the modes of life of the working class (not being able to choose where they live, neighborhoods with environmental and social problems, strong social stigma attached to violence, drug addiction and delinquency, housing quality problems, overcrowding, exposure a adverse weather conditions, to risk of traffic accidents, risk of attacks and violence, excessive weight load and to be long hours standing). The arguments to explain how modes of life are related to health legitimize and naturalize the destructive processes for health. The formal workers say that “they are willing to sacrifice their health for higher income” while “the informal workers are forced to sacrifice their health for the economic necessity”.
- Published
- 2016
20. DISCURSOS SOBRE LA IDENTIDAD DE GÉNERO EN LA CONFIGURACIÓN DE POLÍTICAS SOCIALES, DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE ACTORES POLÍTICOS GOBIERNO NACIONAL, REGIONAL Y SOCIEDAD CIVIL ORGANIZADA.
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SAN MARTÍN, CAMILA A. SEPÚLVEDA and BUSTOS IBARRA, CECILIA DEL C.
- Abstract
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- Published
- 2018
21. [Communication and empathy skills among health care workers of an emergency department of a general hospital].
- Author
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González-Sanzana C and Bustos-Ibarra C
- Subjects
- Communication, Emergency Service, Hospital, Health Personnel, Humans, Empathy, Hospitals, General
- Abstract
Background: Communication gaps are common in emergency medicine., Aim: To know how the health information was delivered to users and relatives by the health care team in the Emergency Unit of a general hospital and how the standards dictated by the patients' rights and duties law were complied with., Material and Methods: Health care workers, patients and their relatives were subjected to semi-structured interviews, and their behavior was directly observed., Results: Important gaps that violate the right to information of users and family members were detected. There is a paucity of minimal conditions to protect the confidentiality and privacy of the information about diagnosis, treatment, or prognosis. There is no time allocated to deliver information and there are no physical spaces for such purpose., Conclusions: The health care team is not trained in communication skills, crisis intervention and empathy. Empathy and good communication are essential for users and family members to perceive health care as satisfactory and safe and to comply with indications. The lack of protocols to inform family members about the death of a patient is the finding that most clearly accounts for the observed communication deficiencies.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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