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ABSTRACT: Introduction/Objective: Any change and strategic advertising and/or commercial planning carried out by means of digital media is called digital marketing, which helps universities to position themselves, which is why Peruvian universities create and share relevant content on digital platforms. The objective of this study is to determine how digital marketing affects the positioning of Peruvian universities. Methodology: A quantitative approach and a deductive, non-experimental research design were used. A survey instrument was applied to 433 students studying at the Universidad Continental (located in Arequipa, Cusco, Huancayo, and Lima), and the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) model was used, a multivariate statistical method for analysing the independent variable of digital marketing and the dependent variable of positioning. Results: The study found that the variation in units of Customer Acquisition, Customer Conversion, and Content Distribution generates a variation in positioning of 0.36, 0.24, and 0.20 units, respectively. Conclusions: Customer Acquisition is the most determining factor for positioning, followed by Conversion and, finally, Content Distribution. Additionally, it is established that Customer Acquisition primarily impacts the Service level, while Content Distribution has a greater influence on the Staff level. RESUMEN: Introducción/objetivo: Todo cambio y planificación estratégico publicitario o comercial que se realice en los medios digitales se denomina marketing digital, lo que ayuda a las universidades a posicionarse, por lo que las universidades peruanas crean y comparten contenido relevante en las plataformas digitales. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar cómo el marketing digital afecta la posición de las universidades peruanas. Metodología: Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo y el diseño de investigación fue deductivo, no experimental. Se aplicó la herramienta de encuesta a 433 estudiantes que estudian en la Universidad Continental (Arequipa, Cusco, Huancayo y Lima), y el modelo utilizado es el de Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), un método estadístico multivariado para analizar la variable independiente marketing digital y la variable dependiente posicionamiento. Resultados: El estudio tuvo como resultado que la variación en unidades de captación de clientes, conversión del cliente y distribución de contenidos genera una variación en el posicionamiento de 0.36, 0.24, y 0.20 unidades respectivamente. Conclusiones: la adquisición de clientes es el factor más determinante para el posicionamiento, seguido por la conversión y, finalmente, la distribución de contenido. Además, se establece que la adquisición de clientes impacta principalmente el nivel de servicio, mientras que la distribución de contenido influye más en el nivel de personal.

La universidad es fundamental para la formación de competencias académicas, donde los docentes juegan un papel crucial en el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en los estudiantes. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la eficacia de un programa de empoderamiento académico en el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en estudiantes de pregrado de la Escuela Profesional de Educación Física de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano en 2024. El estudio fue de tipo aplicado y utilizó un diseño pre-experimental. La población estuvo compuesta por 441 estudiantes, de los cuales se seleccionó una muestra no probabilística de 25 (6 mujeres y 19 varones, con una edad promedio de 22.18 ± 3.56 años). La técnica utilizada fue la observación. Los instrumentos fueron el programa de empoderamiento y un cuestionario de habilidades investigativas, con una confiabilidad de alfa de Cronbach de 0.89. Se aplicaron pruebas de pre y post test al grupo experimental. Los resultados mostraron un cambio significativo en los niveles de habilidades investigativas. En el pretest, el 48% de los estudiantes se ubicó en el nivel bajo, el 52% en el medio, y el 0% en el alto. En el post test, el 0% permaneció en el nivel bajo, el 16% en el medio, y el 84% alcanzó el nivel alto. La prueba t para muestras emparejadas mostró un valor de p < 0.00 con un nivel de confianza del 95%, evidenciando diferencias significativas. Se concluye que el programa de empoderamiento académico tiene efectos significativos en el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas, como lo evidencian las diferencias de medias obtenidas.

Summary: CombiVacS study has demonstrated a strong immune response of the heterologous ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2 vaccine combination. The primary outcomes of the study were to assess the humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2, 28 days after a third dose of a mRNA vaccine, in subjects that received a previous prime-boost scheme with ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2. Secondary outcomes extended the study to 3 and 6 months. The third vaccine dose of mRNA-1273 in naive participants previously vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2 regimen reached higher neutralizing antibodies titers against the variants of concern Delta and BA.1 lineage of Omicron compared with those receiving a third dose of BNT162b2 at day 28. These differences between BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 arms were observed against the ancestral variant G614 at day 90. Suboptimal neutralizing response was observed against BQ.1.1, XBB.1.5/XBB.1.9, and JN.1 in a relevant proportion of individuals 180 days after the third dose, even after asymptomatic Omicron breakthrough infections. EudraCT (2021-001978-37); ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04860739).

Discharge of domestic, industrial, and commercial wastewater into water bodies, exposes the population to emerging contaminants, such as caffeine and surfactants, which, when present in small quantities, cause changes in the physicochemical parameters of the water. The research aimed to evaluate the level of caffeine, organic matter, and anionic surfactants in the water of the micro-basin of the Chumbao River, Andahuaylas, Apurimac. Sampling was carried out during low water and flood periods, and the physicochemical characteristics of the water were evaluated. The results were compared, with the environmental regulations for Peruvian water bodies, which showed that pH, water color, nitrite, COD, DO, BOD5, and total phosphorus exceeded the levels established in the ECA-Peru. Likewise, the analysis according to the degree of biodegradability indicated that the waters of the Chumbao River are biodegradable and not very contaminated for the most part. The maximum surfactant concentration was 1.01 mg/L in both study seasons. As for caffeine, it presented maximum value of 52.22 μg/L during the dry season. The physicochemical properties analyzed were influenced by wastewater dischargers from different origins, with caffeine and surfactants being the indicators of contamination from anthropogenic sources.

Greenwashing is the misleading use of environmental claims to market non-eco-friendly products, a growing concern as environmentally conscious consumers seek eco-friendly options. This study aims to identify factors that allow the detection of “greenwashing” practices in Colombian companies across various industrial sectors holding certifications such as ISO14001, the Colombian environmental seal, the district environmental excellence program, or international/regional environmental certifications. We employed a quantitative, cross-sectional methodology using three machine learning algorithms (Decision Tree Classification, Random Forest, Logistic Regression) and the double machine learning technique to identify causal effects and significant variables. Additionally, a greenwashing indicator was formulated, considering two variables: (a) Presence of a comprehensive solid waste management plan, and (b) Presence of a water usage and conservation program. Our findings reveal substantial variations in the adoption of environmental management practices across diverse industrial sectors and regions in Colombia. It is noteworthy that our research emphasizes that: (i) companies with an environmental contingency plan and a monitoring program are less likely to engage in greenwashing; (ii) expenses for personnel dedicated to environmental protection activities and the investment and expenses related to air and climate protection also reduce the likelihood of greenwashing; (iii) companies in the manufacturing of non-metallic mineral products sector are more likely to engage in greenwashing. It was also found that a significant proportion of Colombian industrial companies with environmental certifications do not fully embrace sustainable practices, implying limited effectiveness of environmental certifications in the country (56,09%). This research contributes to the taxonomy of greenwashing by delving into various types identified in the literature. It sheds light on selective disclosure, emphasizing that mere certification without tangible actions can constitute greenwashing. The broadened concept of decoupling now includes not only meeting shareholder expectations but also failing to meet those set by certifications. Attention deflection involves diverting focus toward certifications rather than real investments in environmental practices. Deceptive manipulation occurs when certifications create a misleading perception without concrete actions. Additionally, dubious authorizations and labels are revealed, showcasing the vulnerability of eco-labels to fraud. The study enriches existing categories, viewing certifications as potential instruments for greenwashing, reinforcing the need for substantial, measurable actions to validate sustainability claims.

El fenómeno de la violencia a la mujer, viene acrecentándose con el pasar de las décadas; es por eso que esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de la gestión del Centro de Emergencia Mujer (CEM) del Distrito del Puno en la calidad de vida de las mujeres peruanas víctimas de violencia durante el año 2022. Metodológicamente la investigación fue trabajada con el enfoque cuantitativo sustentada en el análisis teórico con diseño de investigación no experimental. El instrumento de recolección de información fue el cuestionario aplicado a una muestra de 164 mujeres usuarias del CEM. Los resultados revelan que las mujeres víctimas de violencia reconoce el impacto de la gestión del CEM en su calidad de vida principalmente en la dimensión del bienestar emocional, seguida por el bienestar social y el desarrollo personal. Se concluye que el papel institucional del CEM del Puno y los principios organizativos que guían a este tipo de instituciones determinan el reconocimiento como una instancia clave en la atención de la salud de las mujeres peruanas.

Abstract Mining environmental liabilities generate environmental pollution. The objective of the present study was to determine the yield of white clover (Trifolium repens) and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) cultivated in mining environmental passives adding black earth and compost as a substrate in the Buenaventura Julcani Huancavelica Company. The treatments were the combinations: 4: 3.1: 3.1: 3:1.1 kg of RP: RP, TN: RP, C: RP, TN, C respectively. They were distributed in four treatments with twelve experimental units for each species of leguminous and gramineous grass, we worked according to the completely randomized design (DCA) with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, the experimental unit being a treatment with twelve repetitions. The variables evaluated were: germination percentage (TG) and stem survival percentage (TST). For the statistical analysis, the SPSS software was used.

Abstract The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the effect of rhizobium and gibberellin on the production of hydroponic green forage from red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) variety quiñequeli, four variables were measured: plant height, biomass weight, grass weight and root weight. The treatments were T0: 0%, T1: 10%, T2: 20%, T3: 30% and T4: 40% of Rhizobium before germination and Gibberellin T0: 0g, T1: 2.4g; T2: 3.3g; T3: 4.3 and T4: 5.3g each treatment with 6 repetitions, three applications on days 5, 10, 15 and 20 of growth. Data were analyzed with DCA, ANOVA and DUNCAN's multiple comparisons test; the results obtained were: first measurement with rhizobium without gibberellin there were no statistical differences, second and third measurement with Gibberellin application did not present statistical differences and the fourth measurement presented statistical difference (α=0.05), average height of the plant with a mean of 12.82 cm, T4 was higher, in biomass a statistical difference was obtained with a mean of 3.056 kg, T3 was higher, weight of grass and root did not present statistical differences; concluding that the use of rhizobium and gibberellin could be a usable alternative in the production of hydroponic green fodder, to alleviate the problems of fodder scarcity in dry season, its use being recommended in high Andean livestock.

Las competencias investigativas son el dominio de actitudes cognitivas puestas en prácticas por los estudiantes. El objetivo fue analizar la validez de constructo de una rúbrica analítica para evaluar las competencias investigativas de estudiantes de posgrado. Docentes asesores evaluaron 260 tesis mediante la rúbrica. El análisis de validez de constructo se efectuó mediante un proceso de validación cruzada entre el análisis factorial exploratorio, que es una técnica estadística que explora con precisión las dimensiones subyacentes de las variables latentes de las variables observadas y el análisis factorial comprobatorio, que encuadra los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, analizando las relaciones entre los indicadores de las variables observadas y las variables latentes. Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio mostraron correspondencia con la propuesta teórica, donde un solo factor explicó el 51% de la varianza que fue representado por la totalidad de ítems. La evaluación de este modelo mediante el análisis factorial comprobatorio reveló un buen ajuste (X2/gl: 2.197; RMSA: 0,085; GFI: 0,902; CFI: 0,932; TLI: 0,912), y se encontró evidencia de validez convergente (CFE>0,50; CC: 0,902; VME: 0,464). La confiabilidad de la rúbrica fue óptima (α=0,903). Se concluye que el constructo formulado está representado en la estructura del instrumento.

Introduction/Purpose: Inclusive economic growth is a concept that has taken on importance in recent years globally; however, it has scarcely been studied in Peru. This research aims to know if there exists a positive relationship between inclusive economic growth and international trade in Peru in the period 2000-2021. Methodology: Inclusive economic growth was measured using the pillars of growth and development (per capita GDP, labour productivity, employment, and life expectancy) and inclusion (income concentration and poverty) of the Inclusive Development Index (IDI) proposed by the World Economic Forum. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method was used to perform the regressions. Findings: The results show that the growth of International Trade in Peru has a positive relationship with two of the indicators of inclusive economic growth analysed: real GDP per capita and Vulnerable Employment. In contrast, it has a negative relationship with Labour Productivity. There is no statistical significance for the Poverty variable. Furthermore, there is no cointegration between Peruvian International Trade and Life Expectancy at Birth or Income Distribution. Conclusions: Therefore, it is concluded that inclusive economic growth has a positive relationship with Peruvian International Trade. The study focuses on four development pillars and two inclusion pillars, so the analysis will serve to propose policies that promote inclusive economic growth in Peru. RESUMEN Introducción/Objetivo: el crecimiento económico inclusivo es un concepto de vital importancia recientemente a escala mundial; sin embargo, apenas se ha estudiado en el Perú. El objetivo es conocer la relación del crecimiento económico inclusivo y el comercio internacional del Perú en el período 2000-2021. Metodología: el crecimiento económico inclusivo se midió utilizando los pilares de crecimiento y desarrollo (PIB per cápita, productividad laboral, empleo y esperanza de vida) e inclusión (concentración del ingreso y pobreza) del índice de desarrollo inclusivo (IDI) propuesto por el Foro Económico Mundial. Para realizar las regresiones se utilizó el método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (MCO). Resultados: los resultados evidencian que el crecimiento del comercio internacional del Perú tiene una relación positiva con dos de los siete indicadores del crecimiento económico inclusivo analizados, que son, PIB per cápita real, y empleo vulnerable. En contraparte, posee una relación negativa con la productividad laboral. No se encuentra significancia estadística para la variable pobreza. No existe cointegración entre el comercio internacional peruano y la esperanza de vida al nacer ni la distribución de los ingresos. Conclusiones: por tanto, finalmente concluimos que el crecimiento económico inclusivo es afectado por el crecimiento del comercio internacional peruano. El estudio se enfoca en cuatro pilares de desarrollo y dos pilares de inclusión, por lo que el análisis servirá como apoyo para plantear políticas que fomenten el crecimiento económico inclusivo en el Perú.

Abstract The main objective of this study is to model the concentration of ozone in the winter season on air quality through machine learning algorithms, detecting its impact on population health. The study area involves four monitoring stations: Ate, San Borja, Santa Anita and Campo de Marte, all located in Metropolitan Lima during the years 2017, 2018 and 2019. Exploratory, correlational and predictive approaches are presented. The exploratory results showed that ATE is the station with the highest prevalence of ozone pollution. Likewise, in an hourly scale analysis, the pollution peaks were reported at 00:00 and 14:00. Finally, the machine learning models that showed the best predictive capacity for adjusting the ozone concentration were the linear regression and support vector machine.

En varias ocasiones cuando se vende un automovil de segunda mano no se sabe el precio exacto por varios factores, con lo cual puede ser vendido a menos o más valor del que en realidad vale, generando pérdidas tanto a los compradores como a los vendedores que intentan calcular el valor por intuición o con su conocimiento en autos, pero está a veces falla. Entonces con ayuda de organizar los datos en una base de datos, y compararlos con ayuda de un software, así pudimos conseguir un precio mucho más preciso, esto tomando en cuenta diferentes factores que podrian modificar el precio del auto, como el tiempo de uso calidad de las distintas piezas, entre otros, logrando un precio mucho más preciso que al solo usar intuición.

Abstract Instead of typical household trash, the heavy metal complexes, organic chemicals, and other poisons produced by huge enterprises threaten water systems across the world. In order to protect our drinking water from pollution, we must keep a close eye on the situation. Nanotechnology, specifically two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, is used in certain wastewater treatment systems. Graphene, g-C3N4, MoS2, and MXene are just a few examples of emerging 2D nanomaterials that exhibit an extraordinary ratio of surface (m3), providing material consumption, time consumption, and treatment technique for cleaning and observing water. In this post, we'll talk about the ways in which 2D nanomaterials may be tuned to perform certain functions, namely how they can be used for water management. The following is a quick overview of nanostructured materials and its possible use in water management: Also discussed in length are the applications of 2D nanomaterials in water purification, including pollutant adsorption, filtration, disinfection, and photocatalysis. Fluorescence sensors, colorimetric, electrochemical, and field-effect transistors are only some of the devices being studied for their potential use in monitoring water quality using 2D nanomaterials. Utilizing 2D content has its benefits and pitfalls when used to water management. New developments in this fast-expanding business will boost water treatment quality and accessibility in response to rising awareness of the need of clean, fresh water among future generations.

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The servitization literature has explored the role that product modularity plays in supporting service design and delivery. Importantly, product modularity has the potential to aid manufacturers in providing customised solutions on a larger scale, thereby strengthening firm performance. However, despite the prospective benefits of product modularity, manufacturers also need considerable servitization depth, which comprises service orientation, resources, and delivery systems, to provide services in a cost-effective manner. Taking this into account, the study both theoretically articulates and empirically tests relationships among product modularity, servitization depth, service types, and firm performance, employing a moderated mediation model. Using survey data collected from 204 manufacturers in the UK and German, the findings indicate that product modularity exerts a positive influence on firm performance, with servitization depth acting as a mediating factor. The mediation effect of servitization depth on the correlation between product modularity and firm performance was found to fluctuate based on the service types offered by the manufacturer. This study adds to the existing literature on servitization and the role of product modularity and servitization depth in achieving superior firm performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased recycling in aluminum production has raised the impurity content in the industry, thus increasing its effect on mechanical characteristics and making it difficult for recycled products to meet the properties’ goals as their effect is not yet sufficiently known. Therefore, the two main impurities (Fe and Si) in standard aluminum rolling mill products of alloy 5754 were investigated to determine their effects on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS). After analyzing the composition, mechanical properties, and microstructure, the relationship of both impurities with the UTS in fully annealed products was estimated by statistical analysis, obtaining a strong influence of Si and Fe.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in children is a growing concern, particularly among septic patients, given the need for first-right dosing. Our aim was to determine the incidence rates and factors associated with MDR-sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), using data from the Spanish ENVIN-HELICS PICU registry between 2013 and 2019. The rate of MDR bacteria among septic children ranged between 5.8 and 16.2% throughout this study period, with a significant increase since 2015 (p = 0.013). MDR-gram-negative bacteria (92%), particularly EBL-Enterobacterales (63.7%), were the most frequent causative microorganisms of MDR-sepsis. During this study period, sixteen MDR-sepsis (32.6%) corresponded to intrahospital infections, and 33 (67.4%) had community-onset sepsis, accounting for 10.5% of the overall community-onset sepsis. Independent risk factors associated with MDR-sepsis were antibiotics 48 h prior to PICU admission (OR 2.38) and PICU onset of sepsis (OR 2.58) in >1 year-old children, and previous malnourishment (OR 4.99) in