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3. Going beyond copper: wafer-scale synthesis of graphene on sapphire

Author

Mishra, N., Forti, S., Fabbri, F., Martini, L., McAleese, C., Conran, B., Whelan, P. R., Shivayogimath, A., Buß, L., Falta, J., Aliaj, I., Roddaro, S., Flege, J. I., Bøggild, P., Teo, K. B. K., and Coletti, C.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The adoption of graphene in electronics, optoelectronics and photonics is hindered by the difficulty in obtaining high quality material on technologically-relevant substrates, over wafer-scale sizes and with metal contamination levels compatible with industrial requirements. To date, the direct growth of graphene on insulating substrates has proved to be challenging, usually requiring metal-catalysts or yielding defective graphene. In this work, we demonstrate a metal-free approach implemented in commercially available reactors to obtain high-quality monolayer graphene on c-plane sapphire substrates via chemical vapour deposition (CVD). We identify via low energy electron diffraction (LEED), low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements the Al-rich reconstruction root31R9 of sapphire to be crucial for obtaining epitaxial graphene. Raman spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements reveal high-quality graphene with mobilities consistently above 2000 cm2/Vs. We scale up the process to 4-inch and 6-inch wafer sizes and demonstrate that metal contamination levels are within the limits for back-end-of-line (BEOL) integration. The growth process introduced here establishes a method for the synthesis of wafer-scale graphene films on a technologically viable basis., Comment: 15 main text pages, 4 main text figures, 13 supplementary information pages, 12 supplementary figures, 3 supplementary tables

Published
2019
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5. Flow Field Analysis within Industrial Quenching Tanks Operated with Aqueous Polymer Solutions in the Steel Industry

Author

Barbieri, M. R., Lübben, Th., Ebner, G., Buss, L., Riefler, N., and Fritsching, U.

Abstract

Quenching with polymer solutions for steel heat treatment offers adjustable performance and improved ecological impact compared to conventional water or oil quenching. The submersion cooling operation poses challenges due to the intense vapor/polymer film collapse on the component surface, potentially destabilizing batch components. Therefore, controlled recirculation is critical to preventing tank and specimen damage during cooling and ensuring effective steel hardening. However, flow structure analysis is often overlooked and disregarded in industrial tank design. Thus, this study evaluates the tank geometries of two partner industries to determine if they provide the necessary homogeneous flow for optimal quenching. The analysis combines experimental velocity measurements with a numerical model, with the identification of different flow intensity regions being the main outcome of this work. The results suggest that geometric modifications could improve flow recirculation, enhancing quenching performance.

Published
2024
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6. Spatiotemporal dynamics and recurrence of chikungunya virus in Brazil: an epidemiological study

Author

De Souza, WM, De Lima, STS, Simões Mello, LM, Candido, DS, Buss, L, Whittaker, C, Claro, IM, Chandradeva, N, Granja, F, De Jesus, R, Lemos, PS, Toledo-Teixeira, DA, Barbosa, PP, Firmino, ACL, Amorim, MR, Duarte, LMF, Pessoa, IB, Forato, J, Vasconcelos, IL, Maximo, ACBM, Araújo, ELL, Perdigão Mello, L, Sabino, EC, Proença-Módena, JL, Faria, NR, and Weaver, SC

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, Virology, Microbiology, Article
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an Aedes mosquito-borne virus that has caused large epidemics linked to acute, chronic, and severe clinical outcomes. Currently, Brazil has the highest number of chikungunya cases in the Americas. We aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics and recurrence pattern of chikungunya in Brazil since its introduction in 2013. METHODS: In this epidemiological study, we used CHIKV genomic sequencing data, CHIKV vector information, and aggregate clinical data on chikungunya cases from Brazil. The genomic data comprised 241 Brazilian CHIKV genome sequences from GenBank (n=180) and the 2022 CHIKV outbreak in Ceará state (n=61). The vector data (Breteau index and House index) were obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health for all 184 municipalities in Ceará state and 116 municipalities in Tocantins state in 2022. Epidemiological data on laboratory-confirmed cases of chikungunya between 2013 and 2022 were obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health and Laboratory of Public Health of Ceará. We assessed the spatiotemporal dynamics of chikungunya in Brazil via time series, mapping, age-sex distribution, cumulative case-fatality, linear correlation, logistic regression, and phylogenetic analyses. FINDINGS: Between March 3, 2013, and June 4, 2022, 253 545 laboratory-confirmed chikungunya cases were reported in 3316 (59·5%) of 5570 municipalities, mainly distributed in seven epidemic waves from 2016 to 2022. To date, Ceará in the northeast has been the most affected state, with 77 418 cases during the two largest epidemic waves in 2016 and 2017 and the third wave in 2022. From 2016 to 2022 in Ceará, the odds of being CHIKV-positive were higher in females than in males (odds ratio 0·87, 95% CI 0·85-0·89, p

Published
2023

20. The Genomics of Hydractinia: Understanding Regeneration, Allorecognition, and Stem Cell Biology

Author

Schnitzler, C. E., Nguyen, A. D., Koren, S., Gornik, S. D., Plickert, G., Buss, L., Phillippy, A., Mullikin, J. C., Cartwright, P., Nicotra, M. L., Frank, U., Baxevanis, A. D., Schnitzler, C. E., Nguyen, A. D., Koren, S., Gornik, S. D., Plickert, G., Buss, L., Phillippy, A., Mullikin, J. C., Cartwright, P., Nicotra, M. L., Frank, U., and Baxevanis, A. D.

Published
2018

23. Comparative genomics of Hydractinia and Hydra

Author

Schnitzler, C. E., Nguyen, A. D., Koren, S., Gornik, S. G., Plickert, G., Buss, L., Phillippy, A., Mullikin, J. C., Cartwright, P., Nicotra, M. L., Frank, U., Baxevanis, A. D., Schnitzler, C. E., Nguyen, A. D., Koren, S., Gornik, S. G., Plickert, G., Buss, L., Phillippy, A., Mullikin, J. C., Cartwright, P., Nicotra, M. L., Frank, U., and Baxevanis, A. D.

Published
2017

24. P94 Cardiorespiratory physiology in patients with copd according to blood eosinophilia: data from the erica cohort

Author

Buss, L, primary, McKeever, TM, additional, Mohan, D, additional, Maki-Petaja, K, additional, Forman, J, additional, McEniery, CM, additional, Cheryian, J, additional, Gale, N, additional, Cockcroft, JR, additional, Calverley, PM, additional, MacNee, W, additional, Tal-Singer, R, additional, Polkey, M, additional, Wilkinson, IB, additional, and Bolton, CE, additional

Published
2017
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25. P57 Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (srage) in patients with copd: the erica study

Author

Siraj, R, primary, McKeever, TM, additional, Buss, L, additional, Mohan, D, additional, Maki-Petaja, K, additional, Forman, J, additional, McEniery, CM, additional, Cheryian, J, additional, Gale, N, additional, Cockcroft, JR, additional, Calverley, PM, additional, MacNee, W, additional, Miller, B, additional, Tal-Singer, R, additional, Polkey, M, additional, Wilkinson, IB, additional, and Bolton, CE, additional

Published
2017
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26. Genomics of Hydractinia: A Cnidarian Model for Regeneration, Allorecognition, and Developmental Biology

Author

Schnitzler, C. E., Nguyen, A. D., Klasfeld, S. J., Bond, S. R., Plickert, G., Buss, L., Wolfsberg, T. G., Mullikin, J. C., Nicotra, M. L., Cartwright, P., Frank, U., Baxevanis, A. D., Schnitzler, C. E., Nguyen, A. D., Klasfeld, S. J., Bond, S. R., Plickert, G., Buss, L., Wolfsberg, T. G., Mullikin, J. C., Nicotra, M. L., Cartwright, P., Frank, U., and Baxevanis, A. D.

Published
2016

27. Cleaning and tailoring the Pt[formula omitted]Sn(111) surface for surface experiments.

Author

Braud, N., Buß, L., Lundgren, E., Merte, L.R., Wallander, H., Krisponeit, J.-O., Locatelli, A., Mentes, T.O., Jugovac, M., Flege, J.I., and Falta, J.

Subjects
*ORDER-disorder transitions, *ULTRAHIGH vacuum, *SURFACE reconstruction, *SURFACE segregation, *ELECTRON diffraction, *TIN
Abstract

The cleaning process of the bimetallic Pt 3 Sn(111) surface has been studied by means of low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM), microspot low-energy electron diffraction (μ -LEED), and X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM). Different cleaning procedures, performed under ultra-high vacuum conditions (UHV), including sputtering with argon ions and repeated cycles of annealing up to 1500 K were investigated. In this work, we show that a clean Pt 3 Sn(111) surface of high structural quality with a sharp and brilliant (2 × 2) bulk reconstruction in LEED as well as a perfectly smooth surface with terraces of micron size can be achieved by sputtering, annealing at very high temperatures, followed by a subsequent slow (0.09 K/s) and careful cooling procedure. Additionally, we show the possibility of tailoring the Sn concentration in the topmost layers of Pt 3 Sn(111) as a function of annealing temperature and subsequent cooling rate. Structural changes of the surface are induced by Sn segregation combined with a surface order–disorder transition at 1340 K. Moreover, two new surface reconstructions depending on the cooling rate are reported. [Display omitted] • A cleaning procedure of Pt 3 Sn(111) was developed by means of LEED, LEEM and XPEEM. • Annealing to 1340 K is needed to restore the bulk crystallinity of Pt 3 Sn(111). • The Sn concentration can be tuned in the topmost layer. • Depending on the cooling rate, three surface reconstructions can be prepared. • A surface order–disorder transition is observed at 1340 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. A Tale of Two Hydractinia Genomes: Comparative Genomics of Two Sister Hydrozoan Species

Author

Schnitzler, C. E., Sanders, S. M., Plickert, G., Seoighe, C., Buss, L., Wolfsberg, T. G., Nicotra, M., Mullikin, J. C., Cartwright, P., Frank, U., Baxevanis, A. D., Schnitzler, C. E., Sanders, S. M., Plickert, G., Seoighe, C., Buss, L., Wolfsberg, T. G., Nicotra, M., Mullikin, J. C., Cartwright, P., Frank, U., and Baxevanis, A. D.

Published
2014

32. Spontaneous abortion:A prospective cohort study of younger women from the general population in Denmark. Validation, occurrence and risk determinants

Author

Buss, L., Tolstrup, J., Munk, C., Bergholt, T., Ottesen, B., Grønbæk, M., Kjaer, S. K., Buss, L., Tolstrup, J., Munk, C., Bergholt, T., Ottesen, B., Grønbæk, M., and Kjaer, S. K.

Abstract

Objective. To assess the occurrence of spontaneous abortion, comparing two different data sources. To estimate the rate of spontaneous abortion over a 2-year period, and examine potential predictors of the risk for incident spontaneous abortion. Methods. We used interview data from a population-based prospective cohort study comprising 11,088 women and data from a linkage of the cohort with the Hospital Discharge Register to compare spontaneous abortions as reported in the interview with those identified in the register. Based on interview data, we estimated the rate of spontaneous abortion during the two-year follow-up. Finally, risk determinants for incident spontaneous abortion were analyzed by means of logistic regression. Results. A total of 654 spontaneous abortions before enrolment in the study were reported by the women compared to 531 abortions found in the register. More than 80% of the spontaneous abortions identified from both sources were recorded in the same year. During follow-up a total of 20.9% of pregnancies intended to be carried to term ended as a spontaneous abortion. In the risk factor analysis, we found that previous spontaneous abortion, being single, never having used oral contraceptives, and use of intrauterine device were associated with increased risk of subsequent spontaneous abortion. In addition, it was indicated that a short interpregnancy interval following a spontaneous abortion may confer an increased risk of abortion in the subsequent pregnancy. Conclusion. We found a high rate of spontaneous abortion in the present study and an acceptable agreement between information obtained by interview and register information. More than 25% of the spontaneous abortions were only reported by the women, and this could not be explained by erroneously reported induced abortions, and may be early, nonhospitalized abortions. We confirm that number of previous spontaneous abortions is a strong determinant, and our data may also indicate a role o

Published
2006

36. Genetics of allorecognition in the hydroyd hydractinia

Author

Cadavid, L.F., Powell, A., Nicotra, M., Moreno, M., and Buss, L.

Subjects
Invertebrates -- Genetic aspects, Invertebrates -- Physiological aspects, Immune system -- Research, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Most sessile colonial invertebrates have the ability to distinguish between their own tissues and those of unrelated members of the same species. Isogenic (self) colonies fuse whereas allogenic (non-self) colonies typically reject. These allorecognition phenomena play a fundamental role both modulating the nature and outcomes of intraspecific competitions for space, and preserving the genetic integrity of the colony. Invertebrate allorecognition has been recognized for over a century but has gained increasing attention only recently as a possible ancestor of the vertebrate immune system. Despite intense efforts, the genes and molecules controlling the response have not been identified in any colonial invertebrate. We have developed inbred and congenic lines of the colonial hydroid Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (Cnidaria; Hydrozoa). In these lines, allorecognition responses were explained by a simple dose-dependent interaction between two linked allorecognition loci. AFLP markers co-segregating with fusibility were identified by bulk segregant analysis, and mapped using a test-cross population of 490 individuals. The resulting map circumscribed the allorecognition complex, ARC, at 3.4-cM. This map represents the basis for isolating by positional cloning the hydroid allorecognition loci.

Published
2003

37. The trichoplax genome consortium

Author

Dellaporta, S.L., Buss, L., Weinstock, G., and Schierwater, B.

Subjects
Marine invertebrates -- Genetic aspects, Genomes -- Research, Morphology (Animals) -- Research, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

The placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens displays the s mplest morphology of any free-living animal, can be easily maintained in the laboratory, and possesses the smallest genome of any animal yet measured (50 Mb). A consortium of marine invertebrate biologists, geneticists and genomic scientists has been assembled to begin the task of genome sequencing, annotation and gene analysis of the Trichoplax genome. We will report on biological, genomic and informatic resources now under development for this system. A geographically diverse collection of laboratory strains has been established. The Trichoplax Genome Project has completed a confirmation of the genome size, gene density estimates, AT:GC content. The composition of several large contiguous genomic regions and the mitochondrial genome sequence and content. An arrayed fosmid library and small-insert genomic library has been finished and a full-length cDNA library is currently under construction for EST and microarray investigations. Collectively these efforts are expected to collectively generate the suite of resources expected in a modern experimental model.

Published
2003

41. n̄p annihilation in flight in two mesons in the momentum range between 50 and 400 MeV/c with OBELIX

Author

Bertin, A., primary, Benedettini, A., additional, Bruschi, M., additional, Capponi, M., additional, Collamati, A., additional, D'Antone, I., additional, De Castro, S., additional, Doná, R., additional, Ferretti, A., additional, Filippi, L., additional, Galli, D., additional, Giacobbe, B., additional, Marconi, U., additional, Massa, I., additional, Piccinini, M., additional, Poli, M., additional, Semprini-Cesari, N., additional, Spighi, R., additional, Vecchi, S., additional, Vezzani, A., additional, Vigotti, F., additional, Villa, M., additional, Vitale, A., additional, Zoccoli, A., additional, Corradini, M., additional, Donzella, A., additional, Lodi Rizzini, E., additional, Venturelli, L., additional, Zenoni, A., additional, Cicaló, C., additional, Masoni, A., additional, Puddu, G., additional, Serci, S., additional, Temnikov, P.P., additional, Usai, G., additional, Nomokonov, V.P., additional, Prakhov, S.N., additional, Rozhdestvensky, A.M., additional, Sapozhnikov, M.G., additional, Tretyak, V.I., additional, Gianotti, P., additional, Guaraldo, C., additional, Lanaro, A., additional, Lucherini, V., additional, Nichitiu, F., additional, Petrascu, C., additional, Rosca, A., additional, Ableev, V.G., additional, Cavion, C., additional, Gastaldi, U., additional, Lombardi, M., additional, Maron, G., additional, Vannucci, L., additional, Vedovato, G., additional, Morando, M., additional, Bendiscioli, G., additional, Filippini, V., additional, Fontana, A., additional, Montagna, P., additional, Rotondi, A., additional, Saino, A., additional, Salvini, P., additional, Scoglio, C., additional, Balestra, F., additional, Botta, E., additional, Bressani, T., additional, Bussa, M.P., additional, Buss, L., additional, Calvo, D., additional, Cerello, P., additional, Costa, S., additional, Denisov, O., additional, D'Isep, D., additional, Fava, L., additional, Feliciell, A., additional, Ferrer, L., additional, Filippi, A., additional, Garfagnini, R., additional, Grasso, A., additional, Maggiora, A., additional, Marcello, S., additional, Mirfakhraee, N., additional, Panzieri, D., additional, Parena, D., additional, Rossetto, E., additional, Tosello, F., additional, Valacca, L., additional, Zosi, G., additional, Agnello, M., additional, Iazzi, F., additional, Minetti, B., additional, Margagliotti, G., additional, Pauli, G., additional, Tessaro, S., additional, and Santi, L., additional

Published
1997
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