Search

Research on entrepreneurial networking suggests that women may be more likely than men to select cofounders based on their resources (e.g., knowledge, skills, and experience), as a means to counteract investor bias. In contrast, research on gender in networking suggests that women may be more likely than men to select cofounders based on interpersonal attraction (e.g., liking, trustworthiness, and familiarity), because it aligns with their preference for stable and harmonious relationships. In this paper, we reconcile this tension and ask: "How, when, and why do women differ from men in how they choose cofounders?" We propose that women entrepreneurs generally prioritize interpersonal attraction and de-prioritize resources because doing so aligns with their interdependent self-construal, but these relationships are mitigated when legitimacy is low, such that women entrepreneurs decrease their use of interpersonal attraction and increase their focus on resources as a means to bolster legitimacy. We find support for our framework across three studies. Our findings reconcile a key tension in the literature and highlight how interdependent self-construals enable women entrepreneurs to flexibly adjust their networking approach to cofounder selection by prioritizing interpersonal attraction when legitimacy is high and by increasing their use of resource seeking when legitimacy is low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We find that male participants in Harvard Business School's New Venture Competition who were randomly exposed to more venture capital (VC) investors on their panel were substantially more likely to start a VC-backed startup post-graduation, indicating that access to investors impacts fundraising independent of the quality of ideas. However, female participants experience no benefit from exposure to male or female venture capitalists (VCs), which appears related to a reduced propensity to reach out to VCs to whom they were exposed. Our results therefore also demonstrate gender-based differences in the degree to which increased exposure to investors can address networking frictions in venture capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a novel data set of over 3,500 public and private firms, we construct the network of executive and director connections prior to the 1929 financial market crash. We find that more connected firms have 17% higher 10-year survival rates. Consistent with a working capital channel, the results are strongest for small, private, cash-poor firms, and firms located in counties with high bank suspension rates. Moreover, connections to cash-rich firms that increase accounts receivable matter the most. Our results suggest that network connections can play a stabilizing role during a financial crisis by easing the flow of capital to constrained firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management literature on how interorganizational relationships influence firm performance has emphasized the importance of connections, positions, and cliques. We advance this literature by examining how network communities (membership in cohesive network structures) shape the performance of venture capital (VC) firms. We propose that community insiders affiliated with at least one network community will outperform outsiders. We also explicate the conditions under which the advantages of network community affiliations are likely to be muted. Specifically, we argue for the potential diseconomies of network community affiliations and the possibility of a substitutive relationship between network communities and institutional development. Leveraging recent advances in community-detection technology and longitudinal data on VC firms in China, we find support for our theoretical arguments. Analysis of mechanisms underlying our theoretical arguments reveals that the value of community affiliations comes from indirect connections within network communities. By integrating social network and institutional perspectives, this study highlights not only the promises but also the limits of relying on network community affiliations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brokerage in intra-organizational networks is critical to performance, but women exhibit less brokerage in their social networks and receive lower performance returns to the brokerage they exhibit than men do. We uncover a condition under which the gender gaps in network advantage are entirely negated: mobility. When women move between units of the organization, they increase their brokerage more than mobile men do. Further, such mobility eliminates the gender gap in returns to brokerage. Using a rich dataset including the personnel records, monthly performance, and email communications of thousands of employees in a large financial institution, we find support for our arguments by comparing the networks and objective performance of those who changed jobs with matched non-movers prior to and following each job change. In probing why this might be the case, we find that women movers are more likely to maintain communication ties to colleagues from their previous roles and that these persistent ties give them a discernible and gender-role-congruent explanation for connecting otherwise disconnected units and benefiting from network brokerage. Our results illuminate important mechanisms by which social network dynamics and mobility affect gender inequality and performance in organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need to be connected to a client's personal and business network is a key to better serving the client's needs. Do you have a relationship with the client's executor(trix), the person who holds a durable power of attorney, friends and neighbors who could provide a wellness check on elderly clients, and other members of the professional team (CPA, estate attorney, etc.)?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bariatric dentistry is the branch of dental medicine focused on preventive and comprehensive oral health care of overweight or obese patients. Obesity is an increasing US and international health problem and is a condition characterized by abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the adipose tissue and is categorized by body mass index (BMI) according to the World Health Organization (WHO). With the increase of morbid obesity worldwide and the unfavorable effect on the overall health and life expectancy, it is necessary that proper accommodations are made for accessible dental care of this vulnerable population of patients. The following case report details the emergency and the subsequent elective dental treatment of a patient with a morbid obesity and demonstrates the importance of necessary equipment, a multidisciplinary approach, and broad networking communication needed to treat bariatric patients. The aim of the present case report was to bring awareness and start professional discussions on the importance of dental practitioners in the community and dental academic programs working together to assure access for primary oral health for bariatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) has tended to focus on the role that characteristics internal to the EE play in determining EE-level outcomes. Notwithstanding the insights that academics, policy-makers, and entrepreneurs have gleaned from these studies, prior research has yet to explain whether, how, and why these outcomes might also be impacted by an EE's position within the larger network of EEs. Given broad acceptance for the important role that networks play in facilitating entrepreneurship at the firm level, we contend that adopting a network-based view of EEs may also help predict and explain aggregate entrepreneurial outcomes at the EE level. Specifically, we adopt a double embeddedness lens to examine the impact of both inter-EE (i.e., structural embeddedness) and intra-EE (i.e., cultural embeddedness) factors on EE-level new venture creation. Using a longitudinal sample of regional data in the United States from 1994 to 2016, we develop and test hypotheses where the relationship between structural embeddedness and new venture creation follows an inverted "U" shape that is itself moderated by cultural embeddedness. We conclude by discussing how these findings inform theory and practice in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: England, Australia and the United States have approached the regulation of e‐cigarettes in very different ways, yet all three countries have appealed to the concept of evidence as underpinning policy responses. We compared these policy responses using a combination of the methodologies of historians and policy scientists in order to elucidate the factors that had influenced policy in each country. Argument/Analysis: Each country's evidence and values intersected in different ways, producing very different responses within specific national contexts and histories. Our analysis accordingly emphasized the historical precursors of the policy issues raised by e‐cigarettes and placed the policy debate within the context of regulatory bodies and the networks of researchers and advocates who influenced policy. Issues also of importance were the nature of the state; political context; the pre‐history of nicotine for smoking cessation; the role of activism and its links with government; the influence of harm reduction ideas from drugs and HIV; and finally, whom policy was perceived to benefit. In the United Kingdom, based on this pre‐history of the smoking issue, it was the existing smoker, while in the United States and Australia, protecting children and adolescents has played a central role. Conclusions: Structural and historical factors appear to underpin differences in e‐cigarette policy development in England, Australia and the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim(s): To identify and synthesize evidence available on nurse leaders' interpersonal communication competence. Design: Systematic mixed‐methods review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis checklist. Methods: The data were collected following predefined inclusion criteria. Two authors independently performed the study selection using Covidence software. Three authors assessed the quality using Joanna Briggs' Institute's critical appraisal tool and the mixed‐methods appraisal tool. The data‐based convergent synthesis design and narrative synthesis were used. Data Sources: CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Business Source Elite, Academic Search Premier, Communication & Mass Media Complete, PsycInfo, Web of Sciences, Medic and Finna.fi were searched and the screening of citations in relevant articles. The final searches were performed on 17 October 2022. Results: A total of 26 studies—15 quantitative, 9 qualitative and 1 of both mixed‐method and multi‐method—met the inclusion criteria. The nurse leaders' interpersonal communication competences described in the extant literature were categorized into three themes: message competence, relational competence and task competence. There were considerable differences in the levels of competence, as some competences were considered basic communication skills, while others required more advanced level competences. Furthermore, three competence levels were identified: novice, competent and expert. Conclusions: This study unravels a unique hierarchical description of communication skills across competence categories, supported by the assumption that communication skills are structured hierarchically. The studies reviewed herein had a narrow perception of nurse leaders' interpersonal communication competence and indicated a transmissional understanding of communication. Impact: This is the first mixed‐methods systematic review that describes and synthesizes the evidence on nurse leaders' communication competencies hierarchically and across competence levels. The study suggests that further research should focus on a broader and more analytical understanding of the cognitive and affective aspects of interpersonal communication competence. PROSPERO ID: CRD42023385058. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nursing education across the globe is rapidly evolving in terms of curricular expectations and professional preparation. While there is a plethora of curricular resources and graduate programs in the United States, in some countries, these resources are limited. Methods: The Fulbright Specialist program, the application process, and challenges as well as the benefits of the role are described. The deliverables by the Fulbright Specialist, e.g. demonstrating classroom pedagogical methods, providing access to an online doctoral program, and explaining publication strategies, are noted. Results: Immediate and 2-month follow-up information regarding the Specialist's deliverables are described. The benefits to the Specialist are also detailed. Conclusion: Nursing educators in the U.S. and leaders of nursing schools outside of the U.S. are invited to share pedagogical practices and provide faculty development through the Fulbright Specialist program. The benefits of a collaboration are mutually beneficial. [J Nurs Educ. 2024;63(11):781–784.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Transforming Products into Platforms: Unearthing New Avenues for Business Innovation" discusses the power and challenges of platform businesses, emphasizing the benefits of network effects and scalability. It explores methods for brands to add platform elements to their products, such as inviting third-party sellers or connecting customers. The article also highlights the importance of careful governance and clear rules when implementing platform strategies to ensure a positive customer experience. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of leveraging platform opportunities in today's digital economy and offers insights on building and utilizing platforms effectively. [Extracted from the article]

Drawing on the strategic capacity-building perspective, we examine the mediating roles of three innovation strategies, i.e. export formalization, foreign business networking, and proactive competitiveness between managerial capacity and technological and innovation leadership in SME internationalization. Employing a sample of 900 Vietnamese SMEs, we found support for a three-staged internationalization process models allowing for SMEs that export, SMEs with plans to export, and SMEs with no-plans to export. With the identification of the three SME stages, the emphasis on the internationalization process shifts from export performance perspectives to leadership, and this shift has theoretical and practical implications for current knowledge about the SME internationalization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complexity and diversity brought by the distributed architecture of the new generation electric information collection system have deepened the difficulty of constructing evaluation verification index systems and quality evaluation models. Moreover, the presence of differentiated components has made fair and scientific verification challenging. Therefore, leveraging graph neural networks and siamese networks, a integrated construction quality evaluation system based on comprehensive weighted assessment in multiple scenarios was developed. Firstly, a graph neural network was constructed based on terminal data of the branches electricity usage information collection system and the link topology structure. Subsequently, this network was deployed on the headquarters side to directly acquire terminal data and generate mirror network input from the branches data, enabling real-time acquisition of various system operational indicators. Finally, the similarity between the headquarters and branches data was calculated using siamese networks to compute accuracy compensation weights for checking and evaluating various indicators, thereby obtaining comprehensive weighted quality evaluation indicators of the branches new generation electric information collection system. We use three types of services including electricity data collection, load forecasting, and task scheduling as experimental scenarios. The results showed that the multidimensional comprehensive weighted quality assessment combined with accuracy compensation obtained from the siamese network resulted in business construction quality assessment values of 97.92%, 95.95%, and 99.96% in branch. This value is approximately equal to the quality evaluation value of manual work, so the method can effectively verify the construction quality of new systems in the branch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Collaborations are an essential element of scientific activity and particularly important in fields such as pediatric anesthesiology, where the evidence base in general is relatively limited. A recent scientometric analysis revealed a geographic diversification of publication activity in pediatric anesthesiology within the last two decades, accompanied by a surge in international collaborations. Objectives: Given the hypothesis of a similar growth in the activity and dynamics of publications in pediatric anesthesiology, the objective of this scientometric study was to analyze the publication activity and collaboration habits in research in pediatric anesthesiology from Germany, Austria and Switzerland (D-A-CH). Method: This secondary analysis identified all publications on pediatric anesthesiology with an affiliation from the D‑A-CH countries between 2001 and 2020 from PubMed and Web of Science. The query parameters included the timeframe 2001–2020, authors' affiliations tied to anesthesiology departments (using various forms of the term "anesthesia"), and the mention of pediatric interest in titles or abstracts. The data underwent standardization to account for linguistic variations. The publications were assigned to a state, city and institution based on the correspondence address, to a year based on the publication date and to a source based on the journal. The primary endpoint was publication activity and dynamics, represented by the number of publications and the respective growth rates (calculated as the linear regression slope). Secondary endpoints included the share of collaborations within and outside the D‑A-CH region (at the country and institutional level), the distribution of publication activity and the most prominent sources of publications. Results: Between 2001 and 2020 a total of 3406 publications on pediatric anesthesiology involving authors from the D‑A-CH countries were identified. Of these 2807 (82.4%) had a correspondence address in D‑A-CH. The average annual growth rate of publications with a correspondence address was + 2.9% for the D‑A-CH countries and + 7.7% for publications with collaborations. The number of publications in which an institution from D‑A-CH was named as a coauthor from a correspondence address outside D‑A-CH also increased by an average of 7.4% per year during the study period. The majority of collaborations occurred between institutions within the D‑A-CH region, although Swiss institutions exhibited a much higher proportion of collaborations outside the region. Of all publications with a correspondence address 90% originated from 46 cities. The most prominent source was Die Anästhesiologie for publications from Germany, and Pediatric Anesthesia for publications from Austria and Switzerland. Conclusion: The number of publications in pediatric anesthesiology from the D‑A-CH countries has increased over the past two decades, accompanied by a surge in collaborations. It is hoped that increased collaboration will contribute to a higher level of evidence in pediatric anesthesiology care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context.--Social media has become widely adopted by pathologists and other physicians for professional purposes. While engagement has likely increased over time, there remain few concrete data regarding attitudes toward its use. Objective.--To assess pathologists' use of and attitudes toward social media over time. Design.--We created a survey regarding personal and professional use of social media and circulated it via multiple channels in December 2017 and again in February 2022. Results of the 2 surveys were compared for statistically significant differences. Results.--The 2017 survey was completed by 97 participants, and the 2022 survey by 305 participants. Respondents were predominantly female and academics, included pathologists in all age categories and all time-in-practice length. In both surveys, Twitter (now X) was the most popular platform for professional use and Facebook was the most popular for personal use. Professional barriers to social media use remained consistent between the 2 surveys, including the amount of time required. Education was seen as the main benefit of social media use in both surveys, while other benefits such as networking and increasing professional visibility were endorsed significantly less often in the second survey. While the second survey received more than 3 times as many responses as the first, several aspects of social media use (mainly demographics) remained similar during the time-frame, while other aspects (such as usage and perceived values) decreased. Conclusions.--Pathologists continue to find social media valuable. Barriers remain, though overall pathologists of all ages and practice settings appear receptive to using social media to further educational and other opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent calls to address racism in bioethics reflect a sense of urgency to mitigate the lethal effects of a lack of action. While the field was catalyzed largely in response to pivotal events deeply rooted in racism and other structures of oppression embedded in research and health care, it has failed to center racial justice in its scholarship, pedagogy, advocacy, and practice, and neglected to integrate anti-racism as a central consideration. Academic bioethics programs play a key role in determining the field's norms and practices, including methodologies, funding priorities, and professional networks that bear on equity, inclusion, and epistemic justice. This article describes recommendations from the Racial Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (REDI) Task Force commissioned by the Association of Bioethics Program Directors to prioritize and strengthen anti-racist practices in bioethics programmatic endeavors and to evaluate and develop specific goals to advance REDI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing rates of chronic diseases and an aging population have placed palliative care at the forefront of public health efforts. The major goal of palliative care is to achieve the best possible quality of life for patients and their families or caregivers. To reduce barriers and improve palliative care, the From Advance Care Planning Toward Palliative Care coalition was first formed in South Dakota in 2017. It comprises an interprofessional, multi-institutional group of health care professionals who aimto promote palliative care through education, research, and advocacy. The project's purpose was to increase awareness and knowledge of best palliative care practices and to improve access to resources and networking among stakeholders. In 2021 and 2022, the coalition implemented the Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes model. The objective was to provide a centralized structure for distant providers to obtain mentoring in palliative care through case-based learning according to a standardized communication and mentoring strategy thereby increasing access to palliative care networking opportunities in rural and underserved regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Funding is an essential factor for the viability and growth of startups. As a result, business angels play a crucial role in providing financial support to these business companies, particularly those that are innovative and have significant potential for growth. This study sought to determine the role business angels play in the early-stage financing of startups. Specifically, the study looked at the value-added services provided by business angels, business angel funding impact on startup survival rates, the effectiveness of business angel networks' impact on facilitating startup funding, and business angels' contribution to the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems beyond financial investment for startups. This study adopted a systematic literature review methodology, employing key theoretical methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, and induction to assess the role business angels play in the early-stage financing of startups. The findings show that business angels' expertise, networks, and mentorship emerge as critical value-added startup services. Similarly, it was found that business angel funding positively influences startup survival; however, other factors also influence this impact. Moreover, the results show that business angel networks play a significant role in facilitating startup funding. Furthermore, beyond financial investment for startups, it was found that business angels contribute significantly to the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems, including prioritizing the contributions of ecosystem builders in startup screening, access to mentoring, and entrepreneurial education. The study concluded that business angels play a positive role in the early-stage financing of startups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the lenses of internationalization process theory and of effectuation theory, this study investigates how small and medium enterprises (SMEs) implement backshoring initiatives. A qualitative multiple case study is developed involving six SMEs that have relocated from China back to their respective home countries. The analysis illuminates SMEs' perspectives on the uncertainty perceived when returning to the home country and on how SMEs dynamically manage their domestic commitment and network of relations. The study also sheds light on the different alternative approaches they employ during different phases of the backshoring process and on the outcomes of these initiatives. Notably, the study demonstrates that the conceptual frameworks commonly employed in the literature to explain internationalization can effectively be extended to the domain of backshoring. Successful backshoring for SMEs hinges on their accurate perception of domestic uncertainty and their dynamic utilization of both planning and effectuation implementation strategies. Conversely, the failure of backshoring initiatives can be traced back to SMEs' misperception of their position within the domestic business network, a cognitive bias that can lead to suboptimal decisions and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a systematic review and bibliometric analysis of research linking the inter-organizational business network and innovation research. It also discusses previous research on the subject and identify gaps for future studies. A review was done using the dimensions database. This was undertaken using specific keywords search in the title, abstract, and keywords of papers. The review revealed that the research in the field is growing fast. In fact, the paper has established that the UK, the US, and Italy respectively, have dominated publications in terms of the most influential countries for research in the field of inter-organizational business networks. The content review of papers showed that the papers were mainly trying to address the phenomena (the antecedents, management of the network, and network performance outcomes). These categories are not mutually exclusive but would help us to organize the fragmented literature on the topic. This article reviews and discusses the empirical literature on inter-organizational innovation networks and shows that the field is highly fragmented. While some areas have gained considerable research attention, others have experienced a relative paucity of research, and thus topics for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The convergence of social capital and financial intelligence becomes a dynamic catalyst in the realm of post-pandemic challenges, promoting entrepreneurial financial performance to unforeseen levels as businesses use networks, knowledge, and financial expertise to overcome challenges and grasp new opportunities. Hence, the study explores the factors that influence entrepreneurial financial performance of employees in Pakistan's corporate sector. Using two theoretical frameworks, Regulatory Focus Theory and Rubicon Four-Phase Action Model in Entrepreneurship, study identifies essential traits for entrepreneurship and their direct correlation with financial success. The study utilized a survey questionnaire to gather responses from 276 employees of the corporate sector involved in entrepreneurial activities. The findings suggest that financial literacy, financial risk tolerance, entrepreneurial competency, and social capital positively impact an entrepreneur's locus of control and financial intelligence. Financial literacy equips entrepreneurs with necessary skills and knowledge to manage finances effectively, identify potential financial risks, and increase profitability. Financial risk tolerance enables entrepreneurs to understand financial markets better and make sound financial decisions. Entrepreneurial competency leads to sound financial decision-making and control of financial outcomes. Social capital provides valuable resources, information, and support to improve financial decision-making skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose the valuation of a real option in the telecommunications industry. According to the probabilistic present worth approach, we estimate the value of a contract between a television network and a company willing to advertise its business on this network. We assume that the value of the contract depends on a time-dependent variable, i.e., the number of viewers tuned into the network, which behaves like a Markov process. After discretizing and converting this number into a monetary value through a specific function, we compute the nth-order moment of the total discounted earnings. The knowledge of the moments, and the application of the maximum-entropy approach, allows to find the probability distribution of the payoff function and the consequential pricing of the real option. Finally, we apply the proposed model to the real television audience data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article stresses the importance of mentorship for pharmacists to achieve career growth. Topics mentioned include the challenges faced by early career pharmacists, some ways to address the challenges, the importance of investing in career advancement and the need for pharmacists to improve their reflection skills.

Background: Documented inequalities in access to eye care for people with learning disabilities and/or autism are caused by poor uptake of primary eye care services, poor identification of eye problems, lack of signposting and reasonable adjustments of existing services, concerns about costs of care and the low priority historically given to these issues in eye care policy at a regional and national level. In 2019, the charity SeeAbility employed four eye care champions (ECCs) with lived experience of learning disability and/or autism to work in local communities in London and the Northwest of England. They provided peer‐to‐peer support on understanding the need for good eye health and engaged with policy makers, and learning disability, autism and eye care professionals at the local, regional and national levels to influence both the clinical practice of individual practitioners (within existing service/pathway models) and more widely to influence the commissioning of the Easy Eye Care pathway. This study explores the experiences of these ECCs. Methods: The study was conducted in April and May 2023. A case study approach was used to describe the experiences of the ECCs from March 2019 to March 2023. Data from structured interviews with the four ECCs and workload analysis were triangulated to provide a multifaceted understanding of this novel health promotion project. Findings: The ECCs found the role useful and reported that confidence in their practice and impact grew with time but they required ongoing support in the role. A good understanding of the promotional messages was reported. Developing a good network of contacts at an early stage, both people with learning disabilities and healthcare professionals, was key. Relationships with professionals were supportive and positive and a positive emotive response to their lived experience was reported in these interactions. Conclusions: From the perspective of the ECCs, the role is useful and beneficial. The work suggests some key recommendations for future development which include planning to build networks, support in presentation and communications skills and defining key messages and knowledge. Confidence of the ECCs builds with time in the role but also needs support the emotive impact of their lived experiences on audiences is highlighted. There is a need to evaluate how the programme is perceived by those who interact with it and how it changes behaviours which leads to better health outcomes. Accessible Summaries: People with learning disabilities are 10 times more likely than other people to have a problem with their eyes but less likely to get the eye care they need.This paper explains how people with a learning disability and/or autism are employed to tell other people with learning disabilities and/or autism, their supporters, health and care professionals and people who plan services about how important it is to get regular eye care. This job is an 'Eye Care Champion'.We share what the eye care champions did in their role, what worked well and what did not.We discuss how what we have learnt can help other people with learning disabilities and/or autism work as eye care champions and perhaps as champions for other areas of healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Space-Integrated-Ground Information Networks is the property of Beijing Xintong Media Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Organ donation is a critical component in the field of transplantation medicine, offering lifesaving opportunities for patients with end-stage organ failure. This study investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey regarding organ donation among medical students in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students across six Jordanian universities. Using a convenience sampling method, participants were invited via email, social media, and professional networks to complete a structured online questionnaire. The survey captured data on demographics, knowledge about organ donation processes, attitudes toward organ donation, and self-reported practices. Statistical analyses explored associations between students' KAP and their demographic characteristics. Results: A total of 539 medical students participated in the study. Findings revealed moderate knowledge and generally positive attitudes toward organ donation, with significant variability influenced by demographic factors. Students from various universities demonstrated different levels of knowledge and attitudes. Notably, religious and cultural beliefs significantly affected students' attitudes toward organ donation. Conclusions: The study highlighted a gap between the positive attitudes and the actual commitment to organ donation among the participants, revealing a need for targeted educational interventions to address misconceptions and enhance the willingness to donate organs. Promoting organ donation education within medical schools could foster a more supportive environment for organ donation, ultimately contributing to increased donor rates and improved transplantation outcomes in Jordan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the rise of digital platforms and their impact on the global economy. It highlights the lack of research on the international perspective of digital platforms, despite their potential for global expansion. The article introduces a special issue of the International Marketing Review that explores different aspects of digital platforms and ecosystems from an international marketing perspective. The document is a compilation of research articles that provide insights into various aspects of this topic, such as the role of digital platforms in firm internationalization, knowledge sharing in SMEs' internationalization, and the use of social media platforms in startups' international marketing strategies. The articles also examine the relationship between digital ad spend and cross-border e-commerce, self-preferencing in online marketplaces, and consumer resistance to price transparency in high-end digital retail. This compilation of research articles offers valuable information for library patrons conducting research on these specific topics. [Extracted from the article]

This article emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary research and collaboration in management studies. It discusses the need to integrate diverse disciplinary backgrounds, theories, and methodological approaches to gain a comprehensive understanding of firm performance and societal advancement. The article also highlights the challenges and risks associated with interdisciplinary research and theorizing in management. It suggests that combining different perspectives and theories can lead to new insights and transformative changes in the field. The document also discusses the benefits and risks of multilevel analysis and the complementarity of qualitative and quantitative methods in management research. It concludes by emphasizing the value of diverse methods and interdisciplinary approaches in investigating complex management and organizational phenomena. [Extracted from the article]

Featured Application: The importance of generative adversarial networks (GANs) in economics is growing and is driven by successes in other fields. Many economic problems could benefit from GANs, although few studies exist and progress is needed. This paper argues for the use of GANs as a novel and effective tool in economics. An important issue is the need for large datasets, where traditional techniques fall short due to a multiplicity of problems, making the use of GANs very useful in this task. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have become a recent and rapidly developing research topic in machine learning. Since their inception in 2014, a significant number of variants have been proposed to address various topics across many fields, and they have particularly excelled not only in image and language processing but also in the medical and data science domains. In this paper, we aim to highlight the significance of and advancements that these GAN models can introduce in the field of Business Economics, where they have yet to be fully developed. To this end, a review of the literature of GANs is presented in general together with a more specific review in the field of Business Economics, for which only a few papers can be found. Furthermore, the most relevant papers are analysed in order to provide approaches for the opportunity to research GANs in the field of Business Economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Educators ensure that nurse practitioner (NP) students meet core competencies prior to graduation. Post-graduation, students navigate certification, licensure, resume building, and job searches. A statewide virtual conference was developed to help students during the transition to advanced nursing practice. Method: Information was presented on professional role development, resume writing, interviewing, licensure, certification, contract negotiation, and transitioning to a provider role. Results: Nearly all participants (92%) were able to describe the status of NP practice and licensure requirements. Most attendees (90%) valued the insight shared by panelists. Many students (88%) felt more prepared to negotiate a contract. Conclusion: Current educational programs lack the time to thoroughly address NP graduates' learning needs regarding transition to practice. A partnership between faculties and a state professional organization is an innovative approach to meet students' educational desires. Delivery of a virtual conference during the pandemic proved to be cost effective. [J Nurs Educ. 2024;63(9):630–633.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women entrepreneurs in rural Ecuador face significant obstacles, including limited access to education, financial services, and business networks. Despite their vital role in the economy, gender inequalities hinder their success. This study protocol aims to evaluate the impact of a tailored business training program designed to empower rural women entrepreneurs and promote sustainable economic development. Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Quality Education (Goal 4), Gender Equality (Goal 5), and Decent Work and Economic Growth (Goal 8), the program will assess improvements in women's agency, confidence, and business performance. Key results include a 54% increase in perceived self-efficacy and a 200% increase in locus of control observed in the pre-pilot phase, indicating enhanced decision-making capacities and program effectiveness. Expected improvements in business performance will be measured by sales figures and financial growth, with anticipated positive impacts on SDG 8. The program will also track participation rates, with high enrollment and completion rates contributing to SDG 4. Additionally, financial stability and the number of engaged suppliers will be monitored, supporting SDG 8. By incorporating additional structural interventions, the study will offer insights into enhancing the empowerment of rural women entrepreneurs, creating a holistic impact that fosters both individual and community development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new form of volunteer-based intervention is mushrooming across Europe: social mentoring. Such programmes turn 'ordinary' citizens into mentors for individuals from disadvantaged groups. Related initiatives are becoming more institutionalised and social mentoring has gained popularity as a social policy measure, especially in the face of crises. However, the social work discussion has taken little notice of this burgeoning phenomenon adjoining our professional field. There is a lack of concepts and data that could fuel a debate at the intersection of mentoring for social inclusion, human services, and welfare policies. This paper presents a first attempt to outline what social mentoring means, why social work should engage with it and how we can research into it. It offers theoretical reflection on ongoing developments in the EU, based on observation of the literature and field. To expand the available knowledge, it is suggested that research should pay equal attention to all three constituent elements of the topic: personal relationships, programmes, and policies. In line with critical traditions, this paper suggests a holistic, multi-scalar perspective that is sensitive to social inequalities and power imbalances, while also embracing innovative and transformative aspects of social mentoring as a 'popular' form of social problems work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the future of aromatherapy as a profession after the COVID-19 pandemic. Topics discussed include ecological sustainability, economic sustainability and social sustainability of aromatherapy, sustainability as a profession, application of sustainable agriculture sustainable aromatherapy practice, strategies for ensuring sustainability, and strategies for sustaining the future of the practice of aromatherapy.

This study explores how the motivational framing of a network training program may positively or (inadvertently) adversely impact participants' discomfort with strategic networking and motivation to network. We examine the impact of a "me‐focused" framing (i.e., on the personal career benefits that individuals can accrue through strategic networking) and a "we‐focused" framing (i.e., on the benefits to the team/organization of individuals' strategic networking) compared to a control group in two field‐based quasi‐experiments. In both studies, we found no difference between the two training frames in their effect on the two training outcomes when looking at participants' reactions, on average. However, in the second study, we find that individual differences in the way participants relate to others (i.e., the extent to which they endorse an individual or a collective self‐concept) change the impact of the framing on their discomfort with and motivation to network. The findings highlight the importance of considering the match or mismatch between training framing and self‐concept. In the we‐focused condition, a match was related to decreased networking discomfort, while a mismatch was related to increased discomfort and decreased motivation. In the me‐focused condition, a mismatch was counter‐intuitively related to decreased discomfort. These findings suggest that considering participants' reactions to training (i.e., change in discomfort and motivation), on average, may mask important differences in their response to network‐based training and that tailoring network training to participants' self‐concepts may be an important consideration for human resource management professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How does personal identity multiplicity—a self-perception with more elements—help an individual connect with others? I argue that identity multiplicity increases the likelihood of establishing professional network ties through two mechanisms: individuation, or the tendency of a potential network partner to view one as an individual as opposed to a representative of a category; and identity homophily, or the attraction and interaction opportunities that emerge as a function of shared identity elements with a potential partner. The benefits of identity multiplicity are particularly strong for promoting interracial ties as individuation reduces racial stereotyping. I find support for these ideas in an analysis of the creation of network ties of mid-career professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]