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Objective: This research work carried to assess the prevalence of the post-surgical infection, fracture nonunion and different risk factors responsible for infection in the positive patients of HIV (Immunodeficiency Virus). Methodology: We retrospectively evaluated the HIV positive patients suffering from fracture treated with surgery in Orthopedic Department of Doctors Hospital, Lahore from June 2016 to April 2019. We also selected 50 more patients as control who were present with fractures but they were negative HIV patients. We reviewed the clinical information of the patients of both groups. We compared the prevalence of the post-surgical infections and fracture nonunion between the patients of both groups, we also evaluated the risk factors for the infections after surgery in the positive HIV patients. Results: The prevalence of the adverse healing of wound and incision infection in group of HIV positive patients was much high as compared to the group containing negative HIV patients but there was no significant disparity between the patients of both groups (P > 0.050). Multivariable regression examination showed that HIV medical category (P < 0.050), category of CD4+ T-lymphocyte (P < 0.010) and open fracture (P < 0.050) were the common risk factors for the wound infection after surgical intervention but age, sex, duration of surgery, type of incision, emergency operation, count of albumin & lymphocyte were not the significant risk factors (P > 0.050). We found no important disparity in the nonunion rate between the patients of both groups (P > 0.050). Conclusion: There can be healing of the incision and there can be unity of the fracture in majority of the positive HIV patients present with fracture. There was close association of the infections of wound after surgical intervention with the open fracture, category of CD4+ lymphocyte and HIV medical category. KEYWORDS: Intervention, prevalence, methodology, infection, wound, surgery, albumin, HIV.

Objective: Despite the development in the field of medical care, infectious diseases are the most important reason of high rate of morbidity as well as mortality in whole world. This research work carried out to find out the epidemiologic aspects of these diseases among children who got admission in Mayo hospital, Lahore. Methodology: In this retrograde research work, the collection of the data carried out from the clinical record files of 892 patients suffering from infectious diseases who got admission in Mayo Hospital, Lahore from June to October of 2019. The analysis of the epidemiologic features carried out with the help of SPSS V. 22. Results: Total forty two percent (892) patients out of 2105 patients who got admission in Mayo hospital, Lahore in the duration of this research work, were suffering from infectious diseases. Most common occurring infections were pneumonia, gastroenteritis and infection of urinary tract with frequency of 11.0%, 57.60% and 7.10% correspondingly. The rate of mortality because of these infections was 0.30%. Conclusion: The findings of this research work confirms the significance of the infectious diseases among pediatrics in our regions particularly pneumonia & gastroenteritis. There are suggestions to improve the condition of hygienic state of supplies of water and routine utilization of pneumococcal and vaccines of the hemophilic influenza. KEY WORDS: Influenza, vaccine, epidemiologic, mortality, morbidity, pneumonia, infections. &nbsp

A 14 month old, 19 kg female infant with aminotic band syndrome and severe craniofacial malformations presented for placement of an open gastrostomy tube. Spontaneous ventilation was maintained while an "awake look" was performed with the video laryngoscope using intravenous propofol (30 mg total) for sedation. A Grade I Cormack-Lehane score was obtained on the monitor. Succinylcholine was then administered intravenously and orotracheal intubation was performed on the first attempt with a size 4.5 endotracheal tube.