Author: "Burgos, L" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1,072 results on '"Burgos, L"'

1. Fine mapping of stem rust resistance derived from soft red winter wheat cultivar AGS2000 to an NLR gene cluster on chromosome 6D

Author: Rivera-Burgos, L., VanGessel, C., Guedira, M., Smith, J., Marshall, D., Jin, Y., Rouse, M., and Brown-Guedira, G.
Published: 2024
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2. Phase transition in Random Circuit Sampling

Author: Morvan, A., Villalonga, B., Mi, X., Mandrà, S., Bengtsson, A., Klimov, P. V., Chen, Z., Hong, S., Erickson, C., Drozdov, I. K., Chau, J., Laun, G., Movassagh, R., Asfaw, A., Brandão, L. T. A. N., Peralta, R., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Atalaya, J., Bardin, J. C., Bilmes, A., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B. B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chang, H. S., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Chou, C., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Barba, A. Del Toro, Demura, S., Di Paolo, A., Dunsworth, A., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Burgos, L. Flores, Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Garcia, G., Genois, E., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Dau, A. Grajales, Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hoffmann, M. R., Huang, T., Huff, A., Huggins, W. J., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Kitaev, A., Klots, A. R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K. -M., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K. W., Lensky, Y. D., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Malone, F. D., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McEwen, M., Miao, K. C., Mieszala, A., Montazeri, S., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Yuezhen, O'Brien, T. E., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rhodes, D. M., Rosenberg, E., Rocque, C., Roushan, P., Rubin, N. C., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Sivak, V., Skruzny, J., Smith, W. C., Somma, R. D., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff, White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Rieffel, E. G., Biswas, R., Babbush, R., Bacon, D., Hilton, J., Lucero, E., Neven, H., Megrant, A., Kelly, J., Aleiner, I., Smelyanskiy, V., Kechedzhi, K., Chen, Y., and Boixo, S.
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: Undesired coupling to the surrounding environment destroys long-range correlations on quantum processors and hinders the coherent evolution in the nominally available computational space. This incoherent noise is an outstanding challenge to fully leverage the computation power of near-term quantum processors. It has been shown that benchmarking Random Circuit Sampling (RCS) with Cross-Entropy Benchmarking (XEB) can provide a reliable estimate of the effective size of the Hilbert space coherently available. The extent to which the presence of noise can trivialize the outputs of a given quantum algorithm, i.e. making it spoofable by a classical computation, is an unanswered question. Here, by implementing an RCS algorithm we demonstrate experimentally that there are two phase transitions observable with XEB, which we explain theoretically with a statistical model. The first is a dynamical transition as a function of the number of cycles and is the continuation of the anti-concentration point in the noiseless case. The second is a quantum phase transition controlled by the error per cycle; to identify it analytically and experimentally, we create a weak link model which allows varying the strength of noise versus coherent evolution. Furthermore, by presenting an RCS experiment with 67 qubits at 32 cycles, we demonstrate that the computational cost of our experiment is beyond the capabilities of existing classical supercomputers, even when accounting for the inevitable presence of noise. Our experimental and theoretical work establishes the existence of transitions to a stable computationally complex phase that is reachable with current quantum processors.
Published: 2023

3. Purification-based quantum error mitigation of pair-correlated electron simulations

Author: O'Brien, T. E., Anselmetti, G., Gkritsis, F., Elfving, V. E., Polla, S., Huggins, W. J., Oumarou, O., Kechedzhi, K., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Aleiner, I., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Asfaw, A., Atalaya, J., Bacon, D., Bardin, J. C., Bengtsson, A., Boixo, S., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Demura, S., Drozdov, I., Dunsworth, A., Erickson, C., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Burgos, L. Flores, Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Dau, A. Grajales, Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hilton, J., Hoffmann, M. R., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huff, A., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Kelly, J., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Klimov, P. V., Klots, A. R., Kothari, R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Lucero, E., Malone, F. D., Mandra, S., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McCourt, T., McEwen, M., Megrant, A., Mi, X., Mieszala, A., Miao, K. C., Mohseni, M., Montazeri, S., Morvan, A., Movassagh, R., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Neven, H., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Y., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rocque, C., Roushan, P., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Skruzny, J., Smelyanskiy, V., Smith, W. C., Somma, R., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Villalonga, B., Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff, White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Gogolin, C., Babbush, R., and Rubin, N. C.
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: An important measure of the development of quantum computing platforms has been the simulation of increasingly complex physical systems. Prior to fault-tolerant quantum computing, robust error mitigation strategies are necessary to continue this growth. Here, we study physical simulation within the seniority-zero electron pairing subspace, which affords both a computational stepping stone to a fully correlated model, and an opportunity to validate recently introduced ``purification-based'' error-mitigation strategies. We compare the performance of error mitigation based on doubling quantum resources in time (echo verification) or in space (virtual distillation), on up to $20$ qubits of a superconducting qubit quantum processor. We observe a reduction of error by one to two orders of magnitude below less sophisticated techniques (e.g. post-selection); the gain from error mitigation is seen to increase with the system size. Employing these error mitigation strategies enables the implementation of the largest variational algorithm for a correlated chemistry system to-date. Extrapolating performance from these results allows us to estimate minimum requirements for a beyond-classical simulation of electronic structure. We find that, despite the impressive gains from purification-based error mitigation, significant hardware improvements will be required for classically intractable variational chemistry simulations., Comment: 10 pages, 13 page supplementary material, 12 figures. Experimental data available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7225821
Published: 2022
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4. Purification-based quantum error mitigation of pair-correlated electron simulations

Author: O’Brien, T. E., Anselmetti, G., Gkritsis, F., Elfving, V. E., Polla, S., Huggins, W. J., Oumarou, O., Kechedzhi, K., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Aleiner, I., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Asfaw, A., Atalaya, J., Bardin, J. C., Bengtsson, A., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chen, Z., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Demura, S., Drozdov, I., Dunsworth, A., Erickson, C., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Flores Burgos, L., Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Grajales Dau, A., Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hoffmann, M. R., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huff, A., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Klimov, P. V., Klots, A. R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K.-M., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Malone, F. D., Mandrà, S., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McCourt, T., McEwen, M., Mi, X., Mieszala, A., Miao, K. C., Mohseni, M., Montazeri, S., Morvan, A., Movassagh, R., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Y., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rocque, C., Roushan, P., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Skruzny, J., Smith, W. C., Somma, R. D., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Villalonga, B., Vollgraff Heidweiller, C., White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Bacon, D., Boixo, S., Chen, Y., Hilton, J., Kelly, J., Lucero, E., Megrant, A., Neven, H., Smelyanskiy, V., Gogolin, C., Babbush, R., and Rubin, N. C.
Published: 2023
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5. Formation of robust bound states of interacting microwave photons

Author: Morvan, A, Andersen, TI, Mi, X, Neill, C, Petukhov, A, Kechedzhi, K, Abanin, DA, Michailidis, A, Acharya, R, Arute, F, Arya, K, Asfaw, A, Atalaya, J, Bardin, JC, Basso, J, Bengtsson, A, Bortoli, G, Bourassa, A, Bovaird, J, Brill, L, Broughton, M, Buckley, BB, Buell, DA, Burger, T, Burkett, B, Bushnell, N, Chen, Z, Chiaro, B, Collins, R, Conner, P, Courtney, W, Crook, AL, Curtin, B, Debroy, DM, Del Toro Barba, A, Demura, S, Dunsworth, A, Eppens, D, Erickson, C, Faoro, L, Farhi, E, Fatemi, R, Flores Burgos, L, Forati, E, Fowler, AG, Foxen, B, Giang, W, Gidney, C, Gilboa, D, Giustina, M, Grajales Dau, A, Gross, JA, Habegger, S, Hamilton, MC, Harrigan, MP, Harrington, SD, Hoffmann, M, Hong, S, Huang, T, Huff, A, Huggins, WJ, Isakov, SV, Iveland, J, Jeffrey, E, Jiang, Z, Jones, C, Juhas, P, Kafri, D, Khattar, T, Khezri, M, Kieferová, M, Kim, S, Kitaev, AY, Klimov, PV, Klots, AR, Korotkov, AN, Kostritsa, F, Kreikebaum, JM, Landhuis, D, Laptev, P, Lau, K-M, Laws, L, Lee, J, Lee, KW, Lester, BJ, Lill, AT, Liu, W, Locharla, A, Malone, F, Martin, O, McClean, JR, McEwen, M, Meurer Costa, B, Miao, KC, Mohseni, M, Montazeri, S, Mount, E, Mruczkiewicz, W, Naaman, O, and Neeley, M
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Physical Sciences, Photons, Microwaves, Electrons, Fees and Charges, Reproduction, General Science & Technology
Abstract: Systems of correlated particles appear in many fields of modern science and represent some of the most intractable computational problems in nature. The computational challenge in these systems arises when interactions become comparable to other energy scales, which makes the state of each particle depend on all other particles1. The lack of general solutions for the three-body problem and acceptable theory for strongly correlated electrons shows that our understanding of correlated systems fades when the particle number or the interaction strength increases. One of the hallmarks of interacting systems is the formation of multiparticle bound states2-9. Here we develop a high-fidelity parameterizable fSim gate and implement the periodic quantum circuit of the spin-½ XXZ model in a ring of 24 superconducting qubits. We study the propagation of these excitations and observe their bound nature for up to five photons. We devise a phase-sensitive method for constructing the few-body spectrum of the bound states and extract their pseudo-charge by introducing a synthetic flux. By introducing interactions between the ring and additional qubits, we observe an unexpected resilience of the bound states to integrability breaking. This finding goes against the idea that bound states in non-integrable systems are unstable when their energies overlap with the continuum spectrum. Our work provides experimental evidence for bound states of interacting photons and discovers their stability beyond the integrability limit.
Published: 2022

6. Closing nutrient loops in a maize rotation. Catch crops to reduce nutrient leaching and increase biogas production by anaerobic co-digestion with dairy manure

Author: Riau, V., Burgos, L., Camps, F., Domingo, F., Torrellas, M., Antón, A., and Bonmatí, A.
Published: 2021
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7. Automated identification of leukocyte subsets improves standardization of database-guided expert-supervised diagnostic orientation in acute leukemia: a EuroFlow study

Author: Lhermitte, Ludovic, Barreau, Sylvain, Morf, Daniela, Fernandez, Paula, Grigore, Georgiana, Barrena, Susana, de Bie, Maaike, Flores-Montero, Juan, Brüggemann, Monika, Mejstrikova, Ester, Nierkens, Stefan, Burgos, Leire, Caetano, Joana, Gaipa, Giuseppe, Buracchi, Chiara, da Costa, Elaine Sobral, Sedek, Lukasz, Szczepański, Tomasz, Aanei, Carmen-Mariana, van der Sluijs-Gelling, Alita, Delgado, Alejandro Hernández, Fluxa, Rafael, Lecrevisse, Quentin, Pedreira, Carlos E., van Dongen, Jacques J.M., Orfao, Alberto, van der Velden, Vincent H.J., van Dongen, J. J.M., Bitter, W.M., Lubbers, B.R., Teodosio, C.I., Zlei, M., van der Sluijs-Gelling, A.J., de Bie, F., de Bruin-Versteeg, S., van der Burg, M., Schilham, M.W., van der Velden, V. H.J., Langerak, A.W., te Marvelde, J., Bras, A.E., Schilperoord-Vermeulen, J., Jugooa, R., Heezen, K.C., Orfao, A., Almeida, J., Vidriales, M.B., Flores-Montero, J., Pérez-Andrés, M., Matarraz, S., Martín, L., Lecrevisse, Q., Pérez-Morán, J.J., Puig, N., Almeida, A. Medina, Gomes da Silva, M., Faria, T., Brüggemann, M., Ritgen, M., Szczepanowski, M., Kohlscheen, S., Laqua, A., Harbst, E., Finke, J., Asnafi, V., Lhermitte, L., Duroyon, E., Trka, J., Hrusak, O., Kalina, T., Mejstrikova, E., Novakova, M., Thurner, D., Kanderova, V., Szczepanski, T., Sędek, L., Bulsa, J., Slota, L., Kulis, J., Pedreira, C.E., da Costa, E. Sobral, Nierkens, S., de Jong, A., de Koning, A., Lima, M., Santos, A.H., Böttcher, S., Lange, S., Engelmann, R., Paape, D., Machka, C., Gaipa, G., Burracchi, C., Bugarin, C., Lopez-Granados, E., del Pino Molina, L., Campos-Guyotat, L., Aanei, C., Miguel, J. F. San, Paiva, B., Burgos, L., Villamor-Casas, N., Magnano, L., Philippé, J., Bonroy, C., Denys, B., Willems, A., Breughe, P., de Wolf, J., Sousa, A.E., Silva, S.L., Fernandez, P., and Morf, D.
Published: 2021
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8. Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Brauer, M, Roth, G, Aravkin, A, Zheng, P, Abate, K, Abate, Y, Abbafati, C, Abbasgholizadeh, R, Abbasi, M, Abbasian, M, Abbasifard, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdi, P, Abdollahi, M, Abdoun, M, Abdulah, D, Abdullahi, A, Abebe, M, Abedi, A, Abegaz, T, Abeldaño Zuñiga, R, Abiodun, O, Abiso, T, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abouzid, M, Aboye, G, Abreu, L, Abualruz, H, Abubakar, B, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abukhadijah, H, Aburuz, S, Abu-Zaid, A, Adane, M, Addo, I, Addolorato, G, Adedoyin, R, Adekanmbi, V, Aden, B, Adetunji, J, Adeyeoluwa, T, Adha, R, Adibi, A, Adnani, Q, Adzigbli, L, Afolabi, A, Afolabi, R, Afshin, A, Afyouni, S, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agampodi, S, Agbozo, F, Aghamiri, S, Agodi, A, Agrawal, A, Agyemang-Duah, W, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, D, Ahmad, F, Ahmad, N, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, T, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, L, Ahmed, M, Ahmed, S, Ajami, M, Akalu, G, Akara, E, Akbarialiabad, H, Akhlaghi, S, Akinosoglou, K, Akinyemiju, T, Akkaif, M, Akkala, S, Akombi-Inyang, B, Al Awaidy, S, Al Hasan, S, Alahdab, F, AL-Ahdal, T, Alalalmeh, S, Alalwan, T, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alam, N, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Albakri, A, Albataineh, M, Aldhaleei, W, Aldridge, R, Alemayohu, M, Alemu, Y, Al-Fatly, B, Al-Gheethi, A, Al-Habbal, K, Alhabib, K, Alhassan, R, Ali, A, Ali, B, Ali, I, Ali, L, Ali, M, Ali, R, Ali, S, Ali, W, Alicandro, G, Alif, S, Aljunid, S, Alla, F, Al-Marwani, S, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Almustanyir, S, Alomari, M, Alonso, J, Alqahtani, J, Alqutaibi, A, Al-Raddadi, R, Alrawashdeh, A, Al-Rifai, R, Alrousan, S, Al-Sabah, S, Alshahrani, N, Altaany, Z, Altaf, A, Al-Tawfiq, J, Altirkawi, K, Aluh, D, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, N, Alwafi, H, Al-Wardat, M, Al-Worafi, Y, Aly, H, Aly, S, Alzoubi, K, Al-Zyoud, W, Amaechi, U, Aman Mohammadi, M, Amani, R, Amiri, S, Amirzade-Iranaq, M, Ammirati, E, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Amusa, G, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Anderson, J, Andrade, P, Andrei, C, Andrei, T, Anenberg, S, Angappan, D, Angus, C, Anil, A, Anil, S, 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Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo, Romadlon, Debby Syahru, Ronfani, Luca, Rosauer, Jennifer Jacqueline, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostamian, Morteza, Rotimi, Kunle, Rout, Himanshu Sekhar, Roy, Bedanta, Roy, Nitai, Rubagotti, Enrico, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Rumisha, Susan Fred, Runghien, Tilleye, Russo, Michele, Ruzzante, Sacha Walde, S N, Chandan, Saad, Aly M A, Saber, Korosh, Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, Sabour, Siamak, Sacco, Simona, Sachdev, Perminder S, Sachdeva, Rajesh, Saddik, Basema, Saddler, Adam, Sadee, Bashdar Abuzed, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Sadeghi Majd, Elham, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Safari, Mehdi, Safi, Sare, Safi, Sher Zaman, Sagar, Rajesh, Sagoe, Dominic, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Sahu, Monalisha, Saif, Zahra, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Sakshaug, Joseph W, Salam, Nasir, Salamati, Payman, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Salaroli, Luciane B, Salehi, Leili, Salehi, Sana, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Salem, Mohammed Z Y, Salihu, Dauda, Salimi, Sohrab, Salum, Giovanni A, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samuel, Vijaya Paul, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Sanna, Francesca, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sarasmita, Made Ary, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Saravanan, Aswini, Saravi, Babak, Sarikhani, Yaser, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sarode, Gargi Sachin, Sarode, Sachin C, Sartorius, Benn, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathian, Brijesh, Sattin, Davide, Sawhney, Monika, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Sayeed, Abu, Sayeed, Md Abu, Sayyah, Mehdi, Schinckus, Christophe, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schuermans, Art, Schumacher, Austin E, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwarzinger, Michaël, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Semreen, Mohammad H, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Serban, Dragos, Serre, Marc L, Sethi, Yashendra, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Humaira, Shah, Nilay S, Shah, 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Subah Abderehim, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Arzu, Yigzaw, Zeamanuel Anteneh, Yin, Dehui, Yip, Paul, Yismaw, Malede Berihun, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zadnik, Vesna, Zakham, Fathiah, Zaki, Nazar, Zakzuk, Josefina, Zamagni, Giulia, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zandieh, Ghazal G Z, Zanghì, Aurora, Zar, Heather J, Zare, Iman, Zarimeidani, Fatemeh, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zeng, Youjie, Zhai, Chunxia, Zhang, Anthony Lin, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Liqun, Zhang, Meixin, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhao, Jeff T, Zhao, Xiu-Ju George, Zhao, Yang, Zhao, Yong, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Jingjing, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhou, Shangcheng, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Zhu, Zhaohua, Ziaeian, Boback, Ziafati, Makan, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Zoghi, Ghazal, Zoller, Thomas, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Sa'ed H, Zyoud, Samer H, Murray, Christopher J L, and Gakidou, Emmanuela
Published: 2024

9. Primary Obstructive Megaureter: Endourological Treatment

Author: Angulo, J. M., Parente, A., Fernandez-Bautista, B., Burgos, L., Ortiz, R., Esposito, Ciro, editor, Becmeur, François, editor, Steyaert, Henri, editor, and Szavay, Philipp, editor
Published: 2019
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10. Numerical modelling of the dynamic response of threadbar under laboratory-scale conditions

Author: Vallejos, J.A., Marambio, E., Burgos, L., and Gonzalez, C.V.
Published: 2020
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11. Acetylsalicylic acid improved antioxidative status and cold storage of encapsulated nodal segments of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.)

Author: Padilla, I. M. G., Barba-Espín, G., Hernández, J. A., Piqueras, A., and Burgos, L.
Published: 2021
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12. CO58 Patient Characteristics and Treatment Patterns in Patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma in Spain: A Real-World, Cross-Sectional Study

Author: Esteban-Burgos, L., primary, Molero, A., additional, Varea, R., additional, Díaz Cerezo, S., additional, Milloy, N., additional, and Kiran, A., additional
Published: 2023
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13. Right ventricular uncoupling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a simple parameter to predict long-term mortality?

Author: Burgos, L, primary, Campos Cevera, L, additional, De Bortoli, A, additional, Ballari, F, additional, Spaccavento, A, additional, Baro Vila, R, additional, Ricciardi, B, additional, Fasan, M, additional, Suarez, L, additional, Chicote, F, additional, and Diez, M, additional
Published: 2023
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14. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as direct bridge to heart transplantation in a low and middle income country

Author: Burgos, L, primary, Chicote, F, additional, Vrancic, M, additional, Seoane, L, additional, Costabel, J, additional, Furmento, J, additional, Ballari, F, additional, Baro Vila, R, additional, Piccinini, F, additional, Espinoza, J, additional, Navia, D, additional, and Diez, M, additional
Published: 2023
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15. Impact of atrial fibrillation ablation in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Author: Massa, M P, primary, Arias, R M, additional, Spaccavento, A, additional, Ballari, F N, additional, Burgos, L M, additional, Diez, M, additional, Espinoza, J C, additional, Gil Ramirez, A J, additional, Mondragon, L I, additional, Albina, G, additional, and Scazzuso, F, additional
Published: 2023
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16. Inferior vena cava and lung ultrasound-guided therapy in acute heart failure (CAVAL US-AHF study): a randomized controlled trial

Author: Burgos, L, primary, Baro Vila, R, additional, Goyeneche, A, additional, Munoz, F, additional, Spaccavento, A, additional, Ballari, F, additional, Fasan, M, additional, Suarez, L, additional, Ghibaudo, S, additional, Riznyk, L, additional, Vivas, M, additional, Costabel, J, additional, Trivi, M, additional, Botto, F, additional, and Diez, M, additional
Published: 2023
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17. Impact of a structured educational intervention on attitudes and clinical practices in heart failure among physicians in argentina

Author: Burgos, L, primary, Duczynski, M P, additional, Coronel, M L, additional, Folino, C, additional, and Thierer, J, additional
Published: 2023
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18. Impact of in-hospital initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction

Author: Burgos, L, primary, Ballari, F, additional, Spaccavento, A, additional, Ricciardi, B, additional, Suarez, L, additional, Baro Vila, R, additional, Campos Cevera, L, additional, Chicote, F, additional, Fasan, M, additional, Fescina, J, additional, Arias, R, additional, Santos Gallego, C, additional, and Diez, M, additional
Published: 2023
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19. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Ong, K, Stafford, L, Mclaughlin, S, Boyko, E, Vollset, S, Smith, A, Dalton, B, Duprey, J, Cruz, J, Hagins, H, Lindstedt, P, Aali, A, Abate, Y, Abate, M, Abbasian, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abd ElHafeez, S, Abd-Rabu, R, Abdulah, D, Abdullah, A, Abedi, V, Abidi, H, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abu-Zaid, A, Adane, T, Adane, D, Addo, I, Adegboye, O, Adekanmbi, V, Adepoju, A, Adnani, Q, Afolabi, R, Agarwal, G, Aghdam, Z, Agudelo-Botero, M, Aguilera Arriagada, C, Agyemang-Duah, W, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, D, Ahmad, R, Ahmad, S, Ahmad, A, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, A, Ahmed, L, Ahmed, S, Ajami, M, Akinyemi, R, Al Hamad, H, Al Hasan, S, AL-Ahdal, T, Alalwan, T, Al-Aly, Z, Albataineh, M, Alcalde-Rabanal, J, Alemi, S, Ali, H, Alinia, T, Aljunid, S, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, F, Ameyaw, E, Amiri, S, Amusa, G, Andrei, C, Anjana, R, Ansar, A, Ansari, G, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anyasodor, A, Arabloo, J, Aravkin, A, Areda, D, Arifin, H, Arkew, M, Armocida, B, Arnlov, J, Artamonov, A, Arulappan, J, Aruleba, R, Arumugam, A, Aryan, Z, Asemu, M, Asghari-Jafarabadi, M, Askari, E, Asmelash, D, Astell-Burt, T, Athar, M, Athari, S, Atout, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awaisu, A, Azadnajafabad, S, B, D, Babamohamadi, H, Badar, M, Badawi, A, Badiye, A, Baghcheghi, N, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bah, S, Bahadory, S, Bai, R, Baig, A, Baltatu, O, Baradaran, H, Barchitta, M, Bardhan, M, Barengo, N, Barnighausen, T, Barone, M, Barone-Adesi, F, Barrow, A, Bashiri, H, Basiru, A, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Batra, K, Bayih, M, Bayileyegn, N, Behnoush, A, Bekele, A, Belete, M, Belgaumi, U, Belo, L, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berhe, K, Berhie, A, Bhaskar, S, Bhat, A, Bhatti, J, Bikbov, B, Bilal, F, Bintoro, B, Bitaraf, S, Bitra, V, Bjegovic-Mikanovic, V, Bodolica, V, Boloor, A, Brauer, M, Brazo-Sayavera, J, Brenner, H, Butt, Z, Calina, D, Campos, L, Campos-Nonato, I, Cao, Y, Cao, C, Car, J, Carvalho, M, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, 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D., Karaye I. M., Karkhah S., Katoto P. D., Kaur N., Kazemian S., Kebede S. A., Khader Y. S., Khajuria H., Khalaji A., Khan M. A., Khan M., Khan A., Khanal S., Khatatbeh M. M., Khater A. M., Khateri S., khorashadizadeh F., Khubchandani J., Kibret B. G., Kim M. S., Kimokoti R. W., Kisa A., Kivimaki M., Kolahi A. -A., Komaki S., Kompani F., Koohestani H. R., Korzh O., Kostev K., Kothari N., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Krishnamoorthy Y., Kuate Defo B., Kuddus M., Kuddus M. A., Kumar R., Kumar H., Kundu S., Kurniasari M. D., Kuttikkattu A., La Vecchia C., Lallukka T., Larijani B., Larsson A. O., Latief K., Lawal B. K., Le T. T. T., Le T. T. B., Lee S. W. H., Lee M., Lee W. -C., Lee P. H., Lee S. -W., Lee S. W., Legesse S. M., Lenzi J., Li Y., Li M. -C., Lim S. S., Lim L. -L., Liu X., Liu C., Lo C. -H., Lopes G., Lorkowski S., Lozano R., Lucchetti G., Maghazachi A. A., Mahasha P. W., Mahjoub S., Mahmoud M. A., Mahmoudi R., Mahmoudimanesh M., Mai A. T., Majeed A., Majma Sanaye P., Makris K. 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Y., Nassereldine H., Natto Z. S., Nauman J., Nayak B. P., Ndejjo R., Negash H., Negoi R. I., Nguyen H. T. H., Nguyen D. H., Nguyen P. T., Nguyen V. T., Nguyen H. Q., Niazi R. K., Nigatu Y. T., Ningrum D. N. A., Nizam M. A., Nnyanzi L. A., Noreen M., Noubiap J. J., Nzoputam O. J., Nzoputam C. I., Oancea B., Odogwu N. M., Odukoya O. O., Ojha V. A., Okati-Aliabad H., Okekunle A. P., Okonji O. C., Okwute P. G., Olufadewa I. I., Onwujekwe O. E., Ordak M., Ortiz A., Osuagwu U. L., Oulhaj A., Owolabi M. O., Padron-Monedero A., Padubidri J. R., Palladino R., Panagiotakos D., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Pandi-Perumal S. R., Pantea Stoian A. M., Pardhan S., Parekh T., Parekh U., Pasovic M., Patel J., Patel J. R., Paudel U., Pepito V. C. F., Pereira M., Perico N., Perna S., Petcu I. -R., Petermann-Rocha F. E., Podder V., Postma M. J., Pourali G., Pourtaheri N., Prates E. J. S., Qadir M. M. F., Qattea I., Raee P., Rafique I., Rahimi M., Rahimifard M., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Rahman M. O., Rahman M. A., Rahman M. H. U., Rahman M., Rahman M. M., Rahmani M., Rahmani S., Rahmanian V., Rahmawaty S., Rahnavard N., Rajbhandari B., Ram P., Ramazanu S., Rana J., Rancic N., Ranjha M. M. A. N., Rao C. R., Rapaka D., Rasali D. P., Rashedi S., Rashedi V., Rashid A. M., Rashidi M. -M., Ratan Z. A., Rawaf S., Rawal L., Redwan E. M. M., Remuzzi G., Rengasamy K. R., Renzaho A. M. N., Reyes L. F., Rezaei N., Rezaeian M., Rezazadeh H., Riahi S. M., Rias Y. A., Riaz M., Ribeiro D., Rodrigues M., Rodriguez J. A. B., Roever L., Rohloff P., Roshandel G., Roustazadeh A., Rwegerera G. M., Saad A. M. A., Saber-Ayad M. M., Sabour S., Sabzmakan L., Saddik B., Sadeghi E., Saeed U., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Safi S., Safi S. Z., Saghazadeh A., Saheb Sharif-Askari N., Saheb Sharif-Askari F., Sahebkar A., Sahoo S. S., Sahoo H., Saif-Ur-Rahman K. M., Sajid M. R., Salahi S., Saleh M. A., Salehi M. A., Salomon J. A., Sanabria J., Sanjeev R. K., Sanmarchi F., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sarasmita M. 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Abstract: Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden from 1990 to 2021, the proportion of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in 2021, the proportion of the type 2 diabetes burden attributable to selected risk factors, and projections of diabetes prevalence through 2050. Methods: Estimates of diabetes prevalence and burden were computed in 204 countries and territories, across 25 age groups, for males and females separately and combined; these estimates comprised lost years of healthy life, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; defined as the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]). We used the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) approach to estimate deaths due to diabetes, incorporating 25 666 location-years of data from vital registration and verbal autopsy reports in separate total (including both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and type-specific models. Other forms of diabetes, including gestational and monogenic diabetes, were not explicitly modelled. Total and type 1 diabetes prevalence was estimated by use of a Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, to analyse 1527 location-years of data from the scientific literature, survey microdata, and insurance claims; type 2 diabetes estimates were computed by subtracting type 1 diabetes from total estimates. Mortality and prevalence estimates, along with standard life expectancy and disability weights, were used to calculate YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. When appropriate, we extrapolated estimates to a hypothetical population with a standardised age structure to allow comparison in populations with different age structures. We used the comparativ
Published: 2023

20. Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026

Author: Micah, A, Bhangdia, K, Cogswell, I, Lasher, D, Lidral-Porter, B, Maddison, E, Nguyen, T, Patel, N, Pedroza, P, Solorio, J, Stutzman, H, Tsakalos, G, Wang, Y, Warriner, W, Zhao, Y, Zlavog, B, Abbafati, C, Abbas, J, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abdelmasseh, M, Abdulah, D, Abedi, A, Abegaz, K, Abhilash, E, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, M, Abubaker Ali, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adem, M, Afzal, M, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akbarialiabad, H, Akelew, Y, Al Hamad, H, Alam, K, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Al-Hanawi, M, Alhassan, R, Aljunid, S, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, N, Amare, A, Ameyaw, E, Amini-Rarani, M, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Anwar, S, Appiah, F, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aravkin, A, Aremu, O, Aruleba, R, Athari, S, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Baig, A, Bantie, A, Barrow, A, Baskaran, P, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Baune, B, Berezvai, Z, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Boachie, M, Bodolica, V, Botelho, J, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, N, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Catala-Lopez, F, Chansa, C, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chen, S, Chukwu, I, Dadras, O, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargahi, A, Debela, S, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Desye, B, Dharmaratne, S, Diao, N, Doan, L, Dodangeh, M, dos Santos, W, Doshmangir, L, Dube, J, Eini, E, El Sayed Zaki, M, El Tantawi, M, Enyew, D, Eskandarieh, S, Ezati Asar, M, Fagbamigbe, A, Faraon, E, Fatehizadeh, A, Fattahi, H, Fekadu, G, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Fowobaje, K, Freitas, A, Fukumoto, T, Fullman, N, Gaal, P, Gamkrelidze, A, Garcia-Gordillo, M, Gebrehiwot, M, Gerema, U, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S, Ghanbari, R, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Golechha, M, Golinelli, D, Goshu, Y, Goyomsa, G, Guha, A, Gunawardane, D, Gupta, B, Hamidi, S, Harapan, H, Hashempour, R, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Heyi, D, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hlongwa, M, Holla, R, Hoque, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hussain, S, Ilesanmi, O, Immurana, M, Iradukunda, A, Ismail, N, Isola, G, J, L, Jakovljevic, M, Jalili, M, Janodia, M, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, S, Jemere, D, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kadashetti, V, Kadel, R, Kadir, D, Kalankesh, L, Kamath, R, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karimi, S, Kassa, B, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keshri, V, Keskin, C, Khader, Y, Khafaie, M, Khajuria, H, Khayat Kashani, H, Kifle, Z, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kohler, S, Kompani, F, Kosen, S, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kusuma, D, Lam, J, Lamnisos, D, Larsson, A, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lenzi, J, Lim, L, Lorenzovici, L, Lozano, R, Machado, V, Madadizadeh, F, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Mahmoudi, R, Majeed, A, Malekpour, M, Manda, A, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Marrugo Arnedo, C, Martorell, M, Masoud, A, Mathews, E, Maude, R, Mechili, E, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mendes, J, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mesregah, M, Mestrovic, T, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirutse, M, Mirza, M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Misganaw, A, Moccia, M, Moghadasi, J, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadshahi, M, Mohammed, S, Mohseni, M, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Mossialos, E, Mostafavi, E, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Murthy, S, Muthupandian, S, Nagarajan, A, Naidoo, K, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Naqvi, A, Nayak, B, Ndejjo, R, Noroozi, N, Noubiap, J, Nuruzzaman, K, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Obi, F, Ogunkoya, A, Oh, I, Okonji, O, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Onwujekwe, O, Opio, J, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Palicz, T, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Parekh, T, Pasupula, D, Patel, J, Patton, G, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pawar, S, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Petcu, I, Piracha, Z, Poursadeqiyan, M, Pourtaheri, N, Prada, S, Rafiei, S, Raghav, P, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Raru, T, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, M, Ravangard, R, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Redwan, E, Reiner, R, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Riaz, M, Rodriguez, J, Saad, A, Saddik, B, Sadeghian, S, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Sahu, M, Saki, M, Salamati, P, Salari, H, Salehi, S, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santos, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Sarikhani, Y, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Savic, M, Sayadi, Y, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Setshegetso, N, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, M, Shakhmardanov, M, Shanawaz, M, Sharew, M, Sharew, N, Sharma, R, Shayan, M, Sheikh, A, Shenoy, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, P, Shivakumar, K, Silva, L, Simegn, W, Singh, J, Singh, K, Skhvitaridze, N, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Socea, B, Solomon, Y, Song, S, Stefan, S, Suleman, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tat, N, Tat, V, Tefera, B, Tichopad, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tudor Car, L, Tufa, D, Vasankari, T, Vasic, M, Vervoort, D, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Vu, L, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, C, Wassie, G, Wickramasinghe, N, Yaya, S, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaki, L, Zaman, B, Zangeneh, A, Zare Dehnavi, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zeng, W, Zhang, Z, Zuhlke, L, Zuniga, Y, Hay, S, Murray, C, Dieleman, J, Micah A. E., Bhangdia K., Cogswell I. E., Lasher D., Lidral-Porter B., Maddison E. R., Nguyen T. N. N., Patel N., Pedroza P., Solorio J., Stutzman H., Tsakalos G., Wang Y., Warriner W., Zhao Y., Zlavog B. S., Abbafati C., Abbas J., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbasi-Kangevari Z., Abdelmasseh M., Abdulah D. M., Abedi A., Abegaz K. H., Abhilash E. S., Aboagye R. G., Abolhassani H., Abrigo M. R. M., Abubaker Ali H., Abu-Gharbieh E., Adem M. H., Afzal M. S., Ahmadi A., Ahmed H., Ahmed Rashid T., Aji B., Akbarialiabad H., Akelew Y., Al Hamad H., Alam K., Alanezi F. M., Alanzi T. M., Al-Hanawi M. K., Alhassan R. K., Aljunid S. M., Almustanyir S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Alvis-Guzman N., Alvis-Zakzuk N. J., Amare A. T., Ameyaw E. K., Amini-Rarani M., Amu H., Ancuceanu R., Andrei T., Anwar S. L., Appiah F., Aqeel M., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aravkin A. Y., Aremu O., Aruleba R. T., Athari S. S., Avila-Burgos L., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Baig A. A., Bantie A. T., Barrow A., Baskaran P., Basu S., Batiha A. -M. M., Baune B. T., Berezvai Z., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhaskar S., Boachie M. K., Bodolica V., Botelho J. S. B., Braithwaite D., Breitborde N. J. K., Busse R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Catala-Lopez F., Chansa C., Charan J., Chattu V. K., Chen S., Chukwu I. S., Dadras O., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dargahi A., Debela S. A., Denova-Gutierrez E., Desye B., Dharmaratne S. D., Diao N., Doan L. P., Dodangeh M., dos Santos W. M., Doshmangir L., Dube J., Eini E., El Sayed Zaki M., El Tantawi M., Enyew D. B., Eskandarieh S., Ezati Asar M., Fagbamigbe A. F., Faraon E. J. A., Fatehizadeh A., Fattahi H., Fekadu G., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Fowobaje K. R., Freitas A., Fukumoto T., Fullman N., Gaal P. A., Gamkrelidze A., Garcia-Gordillo M. A., Gebrehiwot M., Gerema U., Ghafourifard M., Ghamari S. -H., Ghanbari R., Ghashghaee A., Gholamrezanezhad A., Golechha M., Golinelli D., Goshu Y. A., Goyomsa G. G., Guha A., Gunawardane D. A., Gupta B., Hamidi S., Harapan H., Hashempour R., Hayat K., Heidari G., Heredia-Pi I., Herteliu C., Heyi D. Z., Hezam K., Hiraike Y., Hlongwa M. M., Holla R., Hoque M. E., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Hussain S., Ilesanmi O. S., Immurana M., Iradukunda A., Ismail N. E., Isola G., J L. M., Jakovljevic M., Jalili M., Janodia M. D., Javaheri T., Jayapal S. K., Jemere D. M., Joo T., Joseph N., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kaambwa B., Kadashetti V., Kadel R., Kadir D. H., Kalankesh L. R., Kamath R., Kandel H., Kantar R. S., Karanth S. D., Karaye I. M., Karimi S. E., Kassa B. G., Kayode G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani L., Keshri V. R., Keskin C., Khader Y. S., Khafaie M. A., Khajuria H., Khayat Kashani H. R., Kifle Z. D., Kim H., Kim J., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa A., Kohler S., Kompani F., Kosen S., Koulmane Laxminarayana S. L., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Kusuma D., Lam J., Lamnisos D., Larsson A. O., Lee S. -W., Lee S. W. H., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. H., Lenzi J., Lim L. -L., Lorenzovici L., Lozano R., Machado V. S. M., Madadizadeh F., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Mahmoudi R., Majeed A., Malekpour M. -R., Manda A. L., Mansouri B., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Marrugo Arnedo C. A., Martorell M., Masoud A., Mathews E., Maude R. J., Mechili E. A., Mehrabi Nasab E., Mendes J. J. J. M., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mesregah M. K., Mestrovic T., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirutse M. K., Mirza M., Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M., Misganaw A., Moccia M., Moghadasi J., Mohammadi E., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadshahi M., Mohammed S., Mohseni M., Mokdad A. H., Monasta L., Mossialos E., Mostafavi E., Mousavi Isfahani H., Mpundu-Kaambwa C., Murthy S., Muthupandian S., Nagarajan A. J., Naidoo K. S., Naimzada M. D., Nangia V., Naqvi A. A., Nayak B. P., Ndejjo R., Nguyen T. H., Noroozi N., Noubiap J. J., Nuruzzaman K. M., Nzoputam C. I., Nzoputam O. J., Oancea B., Obi F. C. A., Ogunkoya A., Oh I. -H., Okonji O. C., Olagunju A. T., Olagunju T. O., Olakunde B. O., Omar Bali A., Onwujekwe O. E., Opio J. N., Otoiu A., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Palicz T., Palladino R., Pana A., Parekh T., Pasupula D. K., Patel J., Patton G. C., Paudel U., Paun M., Pawar S., Perna S., Perumalsamy N., Petcu I. -R., Piracha Z. Z., Poursadeqiyan M., Pourtaheri N., Prada S. I., Rafiei S., Raghav P. R., Rahim F., Rahman M. H. U., Rahman M., Rahmani A. M., Ranabhat C. L., Raru T. B., Rashedi S., Rashidi M. -M., Ravangard R., Rawaf S., Rawassizadeh R., Redwan E. M. M., Reiner R. C., Renzaho A. M. N., Rezaei M., Rezaei N., Riaz M. A., Rodriguez J. A. B., Saad A. M. A., Saddik B., Sadeghian S., Saeb M. R., Saeed U., Sahu M., Saki M., Salamati P., Salari H., Salehi S., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanmarchi F., Santos J. V., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sao Jose B. P., Sarikhani Y., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Savic M., Sayadi Y., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Servan-Mori E., Setshegetso N., Seylani A., Shahabi S., Shaikh M. A., Shakhmardanov M. Z., Shanawaz M., Sharew M. M. S., Sharew N. T., Sharma R., Shayan M., Sheikh A., Shenoy S. M., Shetty A., Shetty P. H., Shivakumar K. M., Silva L. M. L. R., Simegn W., Singh J. A., Singh K., Skhvitaridze N., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Socea B., Solomon Y., Song S., Stefan S. C., Suleman M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tat N. Y., Tat V. Y., Tefera B. N., Tichopad A., Tobe-Gai R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tudor Car L., Tufa D. G., Vasankari T. J., Vasic M., Vervoort D., Vlassov V., Vo B., Vu L. G., Waheed Y., Wamai R. G., Wang C., Wassie G. T., Wickramasinghe N. D., Yaya S., Yigit A., Yigit V., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zaki L., Zaman B. A., Zangeneh A., Zare Dehnavi A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zeng W., Zhang Z. -J., Zuhlke L. J., Zuniga Y. M. H., Hay S. I., Murray C. J. L., Dieleman J. L., Micah, A, Bhangdia, K, Cogswell, I, Lasher, D, Lidral-Porter, B, Maddison, E, Nguyen, T, Patel, N, Pedroza, P, Solorio, J, Stutzman, H, Tsakalos, G, Wang, Y, Warriner, W, Zhao, Y, Zlavog, B, Abbafati, C, Abbas, J, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abdelmasseh, M, Abdulah, D, Abedi, A, Abegaz, K, Abhilash, E, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, M, Abubaker Ali, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Adem, M, Afzal, M, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, H, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akbarialiabad, H, Akelew, Y, Al Hamad, H, Alam, K, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Al-Hanawi, M, Alhassan, R, Aljunid, S, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, N, Amare, A, Ameyaw, E, Amini-Rarani, M, Amu, H, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Anwar, S, Appiah, F, Aqeel, M, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aravkin, A, Aremu, O, Aruleba, R, Athari, S, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Baig, A, Bantie, A, Barrow, A, Baskaran, P, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Baune, B, Berezvai, Z, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhaskar, S, Boachie, M, Bodolica, V, Botelho, J, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, N, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Catala-Lopez, F, Chansa, C, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chen, S, Chukwu, I, Dadras, O, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dargahi, A, Debela, S, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Desye, B, Dharmaratne, S, Diao, N, Doan, L, Dodangeh, M, dos Santos, W, Doshmangir, L, Dube, J, Eini, E, El Sayed Zaki, M, El Tantawi, M, Enyew, D, Eskandarieh, S, Ezati Asar, M, Fagbamigbe, A, Faraon, E, Fatehizadeh, A, Fattahi, H, Fekadu, G, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Fowobaje, K, Freitas, A, Fukumoto, T, Fullman, N, Gaal, P, Gamkrelidze, A, Garcia-Gordillo, M, Gebrehiwot, M, Gerema, U, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S, Ghanbari, R, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamrezanezhad, A, Golechha, M, Golinelli, D, Goshu, Y, Goyomsa, G, Guha, A, Gunawardane, D, Gupta, B, Hamidi, S, Harapan, H, Hashempour, R, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heredia-Pi, I, Herteliu, C, Heyi, D, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hlongwa, M, Holla, R, Hoque, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hussain, S, Ilesanmi, O, Immurana, M, Iradukunda, A, Ismail, N, Isola, G, J, L, Jakovljevic, M, Jalili, M, Janodia, M, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, S, Jemere, D, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kaambwa, B, Kadashetti, V, Kadel, R, Kadir, D, Kalankesh, L, Kamath, R, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karimi, S, Kassa, B, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keshri, V, Keskin, C, Khader, Y, Khafaie, M, Khajuria, H, Khayat Kashani, H, Kifle, Z, Kim, H, Kim, J, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kohler, S, Kompani, F, Kosen, S, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kusuma, D, Lam, J, Lamnisos, D, Larsson, A, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lenzi, J, Lim, L, Lorenzovici, L, Lozano, R, Machado, V, Madadizadeh, F, Magdy Abd El Razek, M, Mahmoudi, R, Majeed, A, Malekpour, M, Manda, A, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Marrugo Arnedo, C, Martorell, M, Masoud, A, Mathews, E, Maude, R, Mechili, E, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mendes, J, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mesregah, M, Mestrovic, T, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirutse, M, Mirza, M, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Misganaw, A, Moccia, M, Moghadasi, J, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadshahi, M, Mohammed, S, Mohseni, M, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Mossialos, E, Mostafavi, E, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Murthy, S, Muthupandian, S, Nagarajan, A, Naidoo, K, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Naqvi, A, Nayak, B, Ndejjo, R, Noroozi, N, Noubiap, J, Nuruzzaman, K, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Obi, F, Ogunkoya, A, Oh, I, Okonji, O, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Onwujekwe, O, Opio, J, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Palicz, T, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Parekh, T, Pasupula, D, Patel, J, Patton, G, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pawar, S, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Petcu, I, Piracha, Z, Poursadeqiyan, M, Pourtaheri, N, Prada, S, Rafiei, S, Raghav, P, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Raru, T, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, M, Ravangard, R, Rawaf, S, Rawassizadeh, R, Redwan, E, Reiner, R, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Riaz, M, Rodriguez, J, Saad, A, Saddik, B, Sadeghian, S, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Sahu, M, Saki, M, Salamati, P, Salari, H, Salehi, S, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sanmarchi, F, Santos, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Sarikhani, Y, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Savic, M, Sayadi, Y, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Setshegetso, N, Seylani, A, Shahabi, S, Shaikh, M, Shakhmardanov, M, Shanawaz, M, Sharew, M, Sharew, N, Sharma, R, Shayan, M, Sheikh, A, Shenoy, S, Shetty, A, Shetty, P, Shivakumar, K, Silva, L, Simegn, W, Singh, J, Singh, K, Skhvitaridze, N, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Socea, B, Solomon, Y, Song, S, Stefan, S, Suleman, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tat, N, Tat, V, Tefera, B, Tichopad, A, Tobe-Gai, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tudor Car, L, Tufa, D, Vasankari, T, Vasic, M, Vervoort, D, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Vu, L, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, C, Wassie, G, Wickramasinghe, N, Yaya, S, Yigit, A, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaki, L, Zaman, B, Zangeneh, A, Zare Dehnavi, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zeng, W, Zhang, Z, Zuhlke, L, Zuniga, Y, Hay, S, Murray, C, Dieleman, J, Micah A. E., Bhangdia K., Cogswell I. E., Lasher D., Lidral-Porter B., Maddison E. R., Nguyen T. N. N., Patel N., Pedroza P., Solorio J., Stutzman H., Tsakalos G., Wang Y., Warriner W., Zhao Y., Zlavog B. S., Abbafati C., Abbas J., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbasi-Kangevari Z., Abdelmasseh M., Abdulah D. M., Abedi A., Abegaz K. H., Abhilash E. S., Aboagye R. G., Abolhassani H., Abrigo M. R. M., Abubaker Ali H., Abu-Gharbieh E., Adem M. H., Afzal M. S., Ahmadi A., Ahmed H., Ahmed Rashid T., Aji B., Akbarialiabad H., Akelew Y., Al Hamad H., Alam K., Alanezi F. M., Alanzi T. M., Al-Hanawi M. K., Alhassan R. K., Aljunid S. M., Almustanyir S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Alvis-Guzman N., Alvis-Zakzuk N. J., Amare A. T., Ameyaw E. K., Amini-Rarani M., Amu H., Ancuceanu R., Andrei T., Anwar S. L., Appiah F., Aqeel M., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aravkin A. Y., Aremu O., Aruleba R. T., Athari S. S., Avila-Burgos L., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Baig A. A., Bantie A. T., Barrow A., Baskaran P., Basu S., Batiha A. -M. M., Baune B. T., Berezvai Z., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhaskar S., Boachie M. K., Bodolica V., Botelho J. S. B., Braithwaite D., Breitborde N. J. K., Busse R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Catala-Lopez F., Chansa C., Charan J., Chattu V. K., Chen S., Chukwu I. S., Dadras O., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dargahi A., Debela S. A., Denova-Gutierrez E., Desye B., Dharmaratne S. D., Diao N., Doan L. P., Dodangeh M., dos Santos W. M., Doshmangir L., Dube J., Eini E., El Sayed Zaki M., El Tantawi M., Enyew D. B., Eskandarieh S., Ezati Asar M., Fagbamigbe A. F., Faraon E. J. A., Fatehizadeh A., Fattahi H., Fekadu G., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Fowobaje K. R., Freitas A., Fukumoto T., Fullman N., Gaal P. A., Gamkrelidze A., Garcia-Gordillo M. A., Gebrehiwot M., Gerema U., Ghafourifard M., Ghamari S. -H., Ghanbari R., Ghashghaee A., Gholamrezanezhad A., Golechha M., Golinelli D., Goshu Y. A., Goyomsa G. G., Guha A., Gunawardane D. A., Gupta B., Hamidi S., Harapan H., Hashempour R., Hayat K., Heidari G., Heredia-Pi I., Herteliu C., Heyi D. Z., Hezam K., Hiraike Y., Hlongwa M. M., Holla R., Hoque M. E., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Hussain S., Ilesanmi O. S., Immurana M., Iradukunda A., Ismail N. E., Isola G., J L. M., Jakovljevic M., Jalili M., Janodia M. D., Javaheri T., Jayapal S. K., Jemere D. M., Joo T., Joseph N., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kaambwa B., Kadashetti V., Kadel R., Kadir D. H., Kalankesh L. R., Kamath R., Kandel H., Kantar R. S., Karanth S. D., Karaye I. M., Karimi S. E., Kassa B. G., Kayode G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani L., Keshri V. R., Keskin C., Khader Y. S., Khafaie M. A., Khajuria H., Khayat Kashani H. R., Kifle Z. D., Kim H., Kim J., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa A., Kohler S., Kompani F., Kosen S., Koulmane Laxminarayana S. L., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Kusuma D., Lam J., Lamnisos D., Larsson A. O., Lee S. -W., Lee S. W. H., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. H., Lenzi J., Lim L. -L., Lorenzovici L., Lozano R., Machado V. S. M., Madadizadeh F., Magdy Abd El Razek M., Mahmoudi R., Majeed A., Malekpour M. -R., Manda A. L., Mansouri B., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Marrugo Arnedo C. A., Martorell M., Masoud A., Mathews E., Maude R. J., Mechili E. A., Mehrabi Nasab E., Mendes J. J. J. M., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mesregah M. K., Mestrovic T., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirutse M. K., Mirza M., Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M., Misganaw A., Moccia M., Moghadasi J., Mohammadi E., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadshahi M., Mohammed S., Mohseni M., Mokdad A. H., Monasta L., Mossialos E., Mostafavi E., Mousavi Isfahani H., Mpundu-Kaambwa C., Murthy S., Muthupandian S., Nagarajan A. J., Naidoo K. S., Naimzada M. D., Nangia V., Naqvi A. A., Nayak B. P., Ndejjo R., Nguyen T. H., Noroozi N., Noubiap J. J., Nuruzzaman K. M., Nzoputam C. I., Nzoputam O. J., Oancea B., Obi F. C. A., Ogunkoya A., Oh I. -H., Okonji O. C., Olagunju A. T., Olagunju T. O., Olakunde B. O., Omar Bali A., Onwujekwe O. E., Opio J. N., Otoiu A., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Palicz T., Palladino R., Pana A., Parekh T., Pasupula D. K., Patel J., Patton G. C., Paudel U., Paun M., Pawar S., Perna S., Perumalsamy N., Petcu I. -R., Piracha Z. Z., Poursadeqiyan M., Pourtaheri N., Prada S. I., Rafiei S., Raghav P. R., Rahim F., Rahman M. H. U., Rahman M., Rahmani A. M., Ranabhat C. L., Raru T. B., Rashedi S., Rashidi M. -M., Ravangard R., Rawaf S., Rawassizadeh R., Redwan E. M. M., Reiner R. C., Renzaho A. M. N., Rezaei M., Rezaei N., Riaz M. A., Rodriguez J. A. B., Saad A. M. A., Saddik B., Sadeghian S., Saeb M. R., Saeed U., Sahu M., Saki M., Salamati P., Salari H., Salehi S., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Sanmarchi F., Santos J. V., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sao Jose B. P., Sarikhani Y., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Savic M., Sayadi Y., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Servan-Mori E., Setshegetso N., Seylani A., Shahabi S., Shaikh M. A., Shakhmardanov M. Z., Shanawaz M., Sharew M. M. S., Sharew N. T., Sharma R., Shayan M., Sheikh A., Shenoy S. M., Shetty A., Shetty P. H., Shivakumar K. M., Silva L. M. L. R., Simegn W., Singh J. A., Singh K., Skhvitaridze N., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Socea B., Solomon Y., Song S., Stefan S. C., Suleman M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tat N. Y., Tat V. Y., Tefera B. N., Tichopad A., Tobe-Gai R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tudor Car L., Tufa D. G., Vasankari T. J., Vasic M., Vervoort D., Vlassov V., Vo B., Vu L. G., Waheed Y., Wamai R. G., Wang C., Wassie G. T., Wickramasinghe N. D., Yaya S., Yigit A., Yigit V., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zaki L., Zaman B. A., Zangeneh A., Zare Dehnavi A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zeng W., Zhang Z. -J., Zuhlke L. J., Zuniga Y. M. H., Hay S. I., Murray C. J. L., and Dieleman J. L.
Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic; characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic; and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019; 293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provid
Published: 2023

21. Data-driven flow cytometry classification of blast differentiation in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Author: Rojas, F., Longoni, H., Milone, G., Fernández, I., Conciencia, Clínica, Ramirez, R., Canepa, C., Saba, S., Balladares, G., Ventiurini, C., Mariano, R., Negri, P., Prates, M.V., Milone, J., Fazio, P., Gelemur, M., Ciarlo, S., Bezares, F., López, L., García, J. J, Giunta, M., Kruss, M., Lafalse, D., Marquesoni, E., Casale, M.F., Gimenez, A., Brulc, E.B., Perusini, M.A., Palmer, L., Correa, M.E., Jaramillo, F.J., Rosales, J., Sossa, C., Herrera, J.C., Arango, M., Holojda, J., Golos, A., Ejduk, A., Ochrem, B., Małgorzata, G., Waszczuk-Gajda, A., Drozd-Sokolowska, J., Czemerska, M., Paluszewska, M., Zarzycka, E., Masternak, A., Hawrylecka, Dr., Podhoreka, M., Giannopoulos, K., Gromek, T., Oleksiuk, J., Armatys, bA., Helbig, G., Sobas, M., Szczepaniak, A., Rzenno, E., Rodzaj, M., Piatkowska-Jakubas, B., Skret, A., Pluta, A., Barańska, E., Vasconcelos, G., Brioso, J., Nunes, A., Bogalho, I., Espadana, A., Coucelo, M., Marini, S., Azevedo, J., Crisostomo, A.I., Ribeiro, L., Pereira, V., Botelho, A., Mariz, J.M., Guimaraes, J.E., Aguiar, E., Coutinho, J., Noriega, V., García, L., Varela, C., Debén, G., González, M.R., Encinas, M., Bendaña, A., González, S., Bello, J.L., Albors, M., Algarra, L., Romero, J.R., Bermon, J.S., Varo, M.J., López, V., López, E., Mora, C., Amorós, C., Romero, A., Jaramillo, A., Valdez, N., Molina, I., Fernández, A., Sánchez, B., García, A., Castaño, V., López, T., Bernabeu, J., Sánchez, M.J., Fernández, C., Gil, C., Botella, C., Fernández, P., Pacheco, M., Tarín, F., Verdú, J.J., García, M.J., Mellado, A., García, M.C., González, J., Castillo, T., Colado, E., Alonso, S., Recio, I., Cabezudo, M., Davila, J., Rodríguez, M.J., Barez, A., Díaz, B., Prieto, J., Arnan, M., Marín, C., Mansilla, M., Balaberdi, A., Amutio, M.E., del Orbe, R.A., Ancin, I., Ruíz, J.C., Olivalres, M., Gómez, C., gonzález, I., Celis, M., Atutxa, K., Carrascosa, T., Artola, T., Lizuain, M., Rodriguez, J .I., Arce, O., Márquez, J.A., Atuch, J., Marco de Lucas, F., Díez, Z., Dávila, B., Cantalejo, R., Díaz, M., Labrador, J., Serra, F., Hermida, G., Díaz, F.J., de Vicente, P., Álvarez, R., Alonso, C., Bergua, J.M., Ugalde, N., Pardal, E., Saldaña, R., Rodríguez, F., Martín, E., Hermosín, L., Garrastazul, M.P., Marchante, I., Raposo, 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Published: 2024
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22. Prunus domestica plum.

Author: Petri, C., primary, Ruiz, D., additional, Faize, M., additional, Burgos, L., additional, and Alburquerque, N., additional
Published: 2020
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23. Prunus armeniaca apricot.

Author: Alburquerque, N., primary, Ruiz, D., additional, Burgos, L., additional, and Petri, C., additional
Published: 2020
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24. Therapeutic possibilities for urolithiasis in childhood

Author: Simal, I., Parente, A., Burgos, L., Ortiz, R., Martínez, A.B., Rojo, R., Pérez-Egido, L., and Angulo, J.M.
Published: 2016
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25. Assessing performance of the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, overall and by select age groups, for 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Haakenstad, A, Yearwood, J, Fullman, N, Bintz, C, Bienhoff, K, Weaver, M, Nandakumar, V, Joffe, J, Legrand, K, Knight, M, Abbafati, C, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdoli, A, Abeldano Zuniga, R, Adedeji, I, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, A, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akande-Sholabi, W, Alam, K, Al Hamad, H, Alhassan, R, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Ameyaw, E, Amin, T, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Andrade, P, Anjum, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Ariffin, H, Arulappan, J, Aryan, Z, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, D, Atreya, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayano, G, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Badiye, A, Baig, A, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, S, Baliga, S, Banik, P, Barnighausen, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Bayati, M, Belete, R, Bell, A, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, P, Bhardwaj, N, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Bolarinwa, O, Bonny, A, Brenner, H, 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D., Gupta R., Gupta V. K., Gupta V. B., Hamiduzzaman M., Hanif A., Haro J. M., Hasaballah A. I., Hasan M. M., Hasan M. T., Hashi A., Hay S. I., Hayat K., Heidari M., Heidari G., Henry N. J., Herteliu C., Holla R., Hossain S., Hossain S. J., Hossain M. B. H., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Hoveidamanesh S., Hsieh V. C. -R., Hu G., Huang J., Huda M. M., Ifeagwu S. C., Ikuta K. S., Ilesanmi O. S., Irvani S. S. N., Islam R. M., Islam S. M. S., Ismail N. E., Iso H., Isola G., Itumalla R., Iwagami M., Jahani M. A., Jahanmehr N., Jain R., Jakovljevic M., Janodia M. D., Jayapal S. K., Jayaram S., Jha R. P., Jonas J. B., Joo T., Joseph N., Jurisson M., Kabir A., Kalankesh L. R., Kalhor R., Kamath A. M., Kamenov K., Kandel H., Kantar R. S., Kapoor N., Karanikolos M., Katikireddi S. V., Kavetskyy T., Kawakami N., Kayode G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani L., Keykhaei M., Khader Y. S., Khajuria H., Khalilov R., Khammarnia M., Khan M. N., Khan M. A., Khan M., Khezeli M., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa S., Kisa A., Klymchuk V., Koly K. N., Korzh O., Kosen S., Koul P. A., Kuate Defo B., Kumar G. A., Kusuma D., Kyu H. H., Larsson A. O., Lasrado S., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. H., Lee C. B., Li S., Lucchetti G., Mahajan P. B., Majeed A., Makki A., Malekzadeh R., Malik A. A., Malta D. C., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martinez-Valle A., Martins-Melo F. R., Masoumi S. Z., Mathur M. R., Maude R. J., Maulik P. K., McKee M., Mendoza W., Menezes R. G., Mensah G. A., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mestrovic T., Michalek I. M., Mirrakhimov E. M., Misganaw A., Misra S., Moazen B., Mohammadi M., Mohammed S., Moitra M., Mokdad A. H., Molokhia M., Monasta L., Moni M. A., Moradi G., Moreira R. S., Mosser J. F., Mostafavi E., Mouodi S., Nagarajan A. J., Nagata C., Naghavi M., Nangia V., Narasimha Swamy S., Narayana A. I., Nascimento B. R., Nassereldine H., Nayak B. P., Nazari J., Negoi I., Nepal S., Neupane Kandel S., Ngunjiri J. W., Nguyen H. L. T., Nguyen C. T., Ningrum D. N. A., Noubiap J. J., Oancea B., Oghenetega O. B., Oh I. -H., Olagunju A. T., Olakunde B. O., Omar Bali A., Omer E., Onwujekwe O. E., Otoiu A., Padubidri J. R., Palladino R., Pana A., Panda-Jonas S., Pandi-Perumal S. R., Pardhan S., Pasupula D. K., Pathak P. K., Patton G. C., Pawar S., Pereira J., Pilania M., Piroozi B., Podder V., Pokhrel K. N., Postma M. J., Prada S. I., Quazi Syed Z., Rabiee N., Radhakrishnan R. A., Rahman M. M., Rahman M., Rahman M. H. U., Rahmani A. M., Ranabhat C. L., Rao C. R., Rao S. J., Rasella D., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Rawal L., Renzaho A. M. N., Reshmi B., Resnikoff S., Rezapour A., Riahi S. M., Ripon R. K., Sacco S., Sadeghi M., Saeed U., Sahebkar A., Sahiledengle B., Sahoo H., Sahu M., Salama J. S., Salamati P., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sathian B., Sawhney M., Schmidt M. I., Seidu A. -A., Sepanlou S. G., Seylani A., Shaikh M. A., Sheikh A., Shetty A., Shigematsu M., Shiri R., Shivakumar K. M., Shokri A., Singh J. A., Sinha D. N., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Sofi-Mahmudi A., Sousa R. A. R. C., Stephens J. H., Sun J., Szocska M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tadbiri H., Tamiru A. T., Thankappan K. R., Topor-Madry R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran M. T. N., Tran B. X., Tripathi N., Tripathy J. P., Troeger C. E., Uezono D. R., Ullah S., Ullah A., Unnikrishnan B., Vacante M., Valadan Tahbaz S., Valdez P. R., Vasic M., Veroux M., Vervoort D., Violante F. S., Vladimirov S. K., Vlassov V., Vo B., Waheed Y., Wamai R. G., Wang Y. -P., Wang Y., Ward P., Wiangkham T., Yadav L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yamagishi K., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yi S., Yigit V., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zaman S. B., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Z. -J., Zhong C., Zuniga Y. M. H., Lim S. S., Murray C. J. L., Lozano R., Haakenstad, A, Yearwood, J, Fullman, N, Bintz, C, Bienhoff, K, Weaver, M, Nandakumar, V, Joffe, J, Legrand, K, Knight, M, Abbafati, C, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdoli, A, Abeldano Zuniga, R, Adedeji, I, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, A, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akande-Sholabi, W, Alam, K, Al Hamad, H, Alhassan, R, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Ameyaw, E, Amin, T, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Andrade, P, Anjum, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Ariffin, H, Arulappan, J, Aryan, Z, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, D, Atreya, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayano, G, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Badiye, A, Baig, A, Bairwa, M, Bakkannavar, S, Baliga, S, Banik, P, Barnighausen, T, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Basu, S, Bayati, M, Belete, R, Bell, A, Bhagat, D, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, P, Bhardwaj, N, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bibi, S, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Bolarinwa, O, Bonny, A, Brenner, H, Buonsenso, D, Burkart, K, Busse, R, Butt, Z, Butt, N, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Cardenas, R, Carneiro, V, Catala-Lopez, F, Chandan, J, Charan, J, Chavan, P, Chen, S, Choudhari, S, Chowdhury, E, Chowdhury, M, Cirillo, M, Corso, B, Dadras, O, Dahlawi, S, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dangel, W, Davila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, Deuba, K, Dhimal, M, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Doshmangir, L, Duncan, B, Effiong, A, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Elgendy, I, Elhadi, M, El Sayed, I, El Tantawi, M, Erku, D, Eskandarieh, S, Fares, J, Farzadfar, F, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, P, Gaihre, S, Gardner, W, Garg, T, Getachew Obsa, A, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Goharinezhad, S, Golechha, M, Guadamuz, J, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Gupta, V, Hamiduzzaman, M, Hanif, A, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, M, Hashi, A, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, M, Heidari, G, Henry, N, Herteliu, C, Holla, R, Hossain, S, Hossain, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Hoveidamanesh, S, Hsieh, V, Hu, G, Huang, J, Huda, M, Ifeagwu, S, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Irvani, S, Islam, R, Islam, S, Ismail, N, Iso, H, Isola, G, Itumalla, R, Iwagami, M, Jahani, M, Jahanmehr, N, Jain, R, Jakovljevic, M, Janodia, M, Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Jha, R, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamenov, K, Kandel, H, Kantar, R, Kapoor, N, Karanikolos, M, Katikireddi, S, Kavetskyy, T, Kawakami, N, Kayode, G, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Keykhaei, M, Khader, Y, Khajuria, H, Khalilov, R, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khezeli, M, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Klymchuk, V, Koly, K, Korzh, O, Kosen, S, Koul, P, Kuate Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kusuma, D, Kyu, H, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Lee, C, Li, S, Lucchetti, G, Mahajan, P, Majeed, A, Makki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Malta, D, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martinez-Valle, A, Martins-Melo, F, Masoumi, S, Mathur, M, Maude, R, Maulik, P, Mckee, M, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Michalek, I, Mirrakhimov, E, Misganaw, A, Misra, S, Moazen, B, Mohammadi, M, Mohammed, S, Moitra, M, Mokdad, A, Molokhia, M, Monasta, L, Moni, M, Moradi, G, Moreira, R, Mosser, J, Mostafavi, E, Mouodi, S, Nagarajan, A, Nagata, C, Naghavi, M, Nangia, V, Narasimha Swamy, S, Narayana, A, Nascimento, B, Nassereldine, H, Nayak, B, Nazari, J, Negoi, I, Nepal, S, Neupane Kandel, S, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, C, Ningrum, D, Noubiap, J, Oancea, B, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Olagunju, A, Olakunde, B, Omar Bali, A, Omer, E, Onwujekwe, O, Otoiu, A, Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandi-Perumal, S, Pardhan, S, Pasupula, D, Pathak, P, Patton, G, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Pilania, M, Piroozi, B, Podder, V, Pokhrel, K, Postma, M, Prada, S, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, N, Radhakrishnan, R, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rasella, D, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezapour, A, Riahi, S, Ripon, R, Sacco, S, Sadeghi, M, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahiledengle, B, Sahoo, H, Sahu, M, Salama, J, Salamati, P, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Schmidt, M, Seidu, A, Sepanlou, S, Seylani, A, Shaikh, M, Sheikh, A, Shetty, A, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shivakumar, K, Shokri, A, Singh, J, Sinha, D, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sousa, R, Stephens, J, Sun, J, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadbiri, H, Tamiru, A, Thankappan, K, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, M, Tran, B, Tripathi, N, Tripathy, J, Troeger, C, Uezono, D, Ullah, S, Ullah, A, Unnikrishnan, B, Vacante, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Vasic, M, Veroux, M, Vervoort, D, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Wiangkham, T, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yi, S, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaman, S, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Z, Zhong, C, Zuniga, Y, Lim, S, Murray, C, Lozano, R, Haakenstad A., Yearwood J. A., Fullman N., Bintz C., Bienhoff K., Weaver M. R., Nandakumar V., Joffe J. N., LeGrand K. E., Knight M., Abbafati C., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abdoli A., Abeldano Zuniga R. A., Adedeji I. A., Adekanmbi V., Adetokunboh O. O., Afzal M. S., Afzal S., Agudelo-Botero M., Ahinkorah B. O., Ahmad S., Ahmadi A., Ahmadi S., Ahmed A., Ahmed Rashid T., Aji B., Akande-Sholabi W., Alam K., Al Hamad H., Alhassan R. K., Ali L., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Ameyaw E. K., Amin T. T., Amu H., Amugsi D. A., Ancuceanu R., Andrade P. P., Anjum A., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Ariffin H., Arulappan J., Aryan Z., Ashraf T., Atnafu D. D., Atreya A., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Ayano G., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Badiye A. D., Baig A. A., Bairwa M., Bakkannavar S. M., Baliga S., Banik P. C., Barnighausen T. W., Barra F., Barrow A., Basu S., Bayati M., Belete R., Bell A. W., Bhagat D. S., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhardwaj P., Bhardwaj N., Bhaskar S., Bhattacharyya K., Bhutta Z. A., Bibi S., Bijani A., Bikbov B., Biondi A., Bolarinwa O. A., Bonny A., Brenner H., Buonsenso D., Burkart K., Busse R., Butt Z. A., Butt N. S., Caetano dos Santos F. L., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Camera L. A., Cardenas R., Carneiro V. L. A., Catala-Lopez F., Chandan J. S., Charan J., Chavan P. P., Chen S., Choudhari S. G., Chowdhury E. K., Chowdhury M. A. K., Cirillo M., Corso B., Dadras O., Dahlawi S. M. A., Dai X., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dangel W. J., Davila-Cervantes C. A., Davletov K., Deuba K., Dhimal M., Dhimal M. L., Djalalinia S., Do H. P., Doshmangir L., Duncan B. B., Effiong A., Ehsani-Chimeh E., Elgendy I. Y., Elhadi M., El Sayed I., El Tantawi M., Erku D. A., Eskandarieh S., Fares J., Farzadfar F., Ferrero S., Ferro Desideri L., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Foroutan M., Fukumoto T., Gaal P. A., Gaihre S., Gardner W. M., Garg T., Getachew Obsa A., Ghafourifard M., Ghashghaee A., Ghith N., Gilani S. A., Gill P. S., Goharinezhad S., Golechha M., Guadamuz J. S., Guo Y., Gupta R. D., Gupta R., Gupta V. K., Gupta V. B., Hamiduzzaman M., Hanif A., Haro J. M., Hasaballah A. I., Hasan M. M., Hasan M. T., Hashi A., Hay S. I., Hayat K., Heidari M., Heidari G., Henry N. J., Herteliu C., Holla R., Hossain S., Hossain S. J., Hossain M. B. H., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Hoveidamanesh S., Hsieh V. C. -R., Hu G., Huang J., Huda M. M., Ifeagwu S. C., Ikuta K. S., Ilesanmi O. S., Irvani S. S. N., Islam R. M., Islam S. M. S., Ismail N. E., Iso H., Isola G., Itumalla R., Iwagami M., Jahani M. A., Jahanmehr N., Jain R., Jakovljevic M., Janodia M. D., Jayapal S. K., Jayaram S., Jha R. P., Jonas J. B., Joo T., Joseph N., Jurisson M., Kabir A., Kalankesh L. R., Kalhor R., Kamath A. M., Kamenov K., Kandel H., Kantar R. S., Kapoor N., Karanikolos M., Katikireddi S. V., Kavetskyy T., Kawakami N., Kayode G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani L., Keykhaei M., Khader Y. S., Khajuria H., Khalilov R., Khammarnia M., Khan M. N., Khan M. A., Khan M., Khezeli M., Kim M. S., Kim Y. J., Kisa S., Kisa A., Klymchuk V., Koly K. N., Korzh O., Kosen S., Koul P. A., Kuate Defo B., Kumar G. A., Kusuma D., Kyu H. H., Larsson A. O., Lasrado S., Lee W. -C., Lee Y. H., Lee C. B., Li S., Lucchetti G., Mahajan P. B., Majeed A., Makki A., Malekzadeh R., Malik A. A., Malta D. C., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martinez-Valle A., Martins-Melo F. R., Masoumi S. Z., Mathur M. R., Maude R. J., Maulik P. K., McKee M., Mendoza W., Menezes R. G., Mensah G. A., Meretoja A., Meretoja T. J., Mestrovic T., Michalek I. M., Mirrakhimov E. M., Misganaw A., Misra S., Moazen B., Mohammadi M., Mohammed S., Moitra M., Mokdad A. H., Molokhia M., Monasta L., Moni M. A., Moradi G., Moreira R. S., Mosser J. F., Mostafavi E., Mouodi S., Nagarajan A. J., Nagata C., Naghavi M., Nangia V., Narasimha Swamy S., Narayana A. I., Nascimento B. R., Nassereldine H., Nayak B. P., Nazari J., Negoi I., Nepal S., Neupane Kandel S., Ngunjiri J. W., Nguyen H. L. T., Nguyen C. T., Ningrum D. N. A., Noubiap J. J., Oancea B., Oghenetega O. B., Oh I. -H., Olagunju A. T., Olakunde B. O., Omar Bali A., Omer E., Onwujekwe O. E., Otoiu A., Padubidri J. R., Palladino R., Pana A., Panda-Jonas S., Pandi-Perumal S. R., Pardhan S., Pasupula D. K., Pathak P. K., Patton G. C., Pawar S., Pereira J., Pilania M., Piroozi B., Podder V., Pokhrel K. N., Postma M. J., Prada S. I., Quazi Syed Z., Rabiee N., Radhakrishnan R. A., Rahman M. M., Rahman M., Rahman M. H. U., Rahmani A. M., Ranabhat C. L., Rao C. R., Rao S. J., Rasella D., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Rawal L., Renzaho A. M. N., Reshmi B., Resnikoff S., Rezapour A., Riahi S. M., Ripon R. K., Sacco S., Sadeghi M., Saeed U., Sahebkar A., Sahiledengle B., Sahoo H., Sahu M., Salama J. S., Salamati P., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sathian B., Sawhney M., Schmidt M. I., Seidu A. -A., Sepanlou S. G., Seylani A., Shaikh M. A., Sheikh A., Shetty A., Shigematsu M., Shiri R., Shivakumar K. M., Shokri A., Singh J. A., Sinha D. N., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Sofi-Mahmudi A., Sousa R. A. R. C., Stephens J. H., Sun J., Szocska M., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tadbiri H., Tamiru A. T., Thankappan K. R., Topor-Madry R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran M. T. N., Tran B. X., Tripathi N., Tripathy J. P., Troeger C. E., Uezono D. R., Ullah S., Ullah A., Unnikrishnan B., Vacante M., Valadan Tahbaz S., Valdez P. R., Vasic M., Veroux M., Vervoort D., Violante F. S., Vladimirov S. K., Vlassov V., Vo B., Waheed Y., Wamai R. G., Wang Y. -P., Wang Y., Ward P., Wiangkham T., Yadav L., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S. H., Yamagishi K., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yi S., Yigit V., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zaman S. B., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Z. -J., Zhong C., Zuniga Y. M. H., Lim S. S., Murray C. J. L., and Lozano R.
Abstract: Background: Health-care needs change throughout the life course. It is thus crucial to assess whether health systems provide access to quality health care for all ages. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019), we measured the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index overall and for select age groups in 204 locations from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We distinguished the overall HAQ Index (ages 0–74 years) from scores for select age groups: the young (ages 0–14 years), working (ages 15–64 years), and post-working (ages 65–74 years) groups. For GBD 2019, HAQ Index construction methods were updated to use the arithmetic mean of scaled mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) and risk-standardised death rates (RSDRs) for 32 causes of death that should not occur in the presence of timely, quality health care. Across locations and years, MIRs and RSDRs were scaled from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) separately, putting the HAQ Index on a different relative scale for each age group. We estimated absolute convergence for each group on the basis of whether the HAQ Index grew faster in absolute terms between 1990 and 2019 in countries with lower 1990 HAQ Index scores than countries with higher 1990 HAQ Index scores and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile. SDI is a summary metric of overall development. Findings: Between 1990 and 2019, the HAQ Index increased overall (by 19·6 points, 95% uncertainty interval 17·9–21·3), as well as among the young (22·5, 19·9–24·7), working (17·2, 15·2–19·1), and post-working (15·1, 13·2–17·0) age groups. Large differences in HAQ Index scores were present across SDI levels in 2019, with the overall index ranging from 30·7 (28·6–33·0) on average in low-SDI countries to 83·4 (82·4–84·3) on average in high-SDI countries. Similarly large ranges between low-SDI and high-SDI countries, respectively, were estimated in the HAQ Index for the young (40·4–89·0), working (33·8–82·8), and post-working (30·4–79·1) g
Published: 2022

26. The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Tran, K, Lang, J, Compton, K, Xu, R, Acheson, A, Henrikson, H, Kocarnik, J, Penberthy, L, Aali, A, Abbas, Q, Abbasi, B, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abbasi-Kangevari, Z, Abbastabar, H, Abdelmasseh, M, Abd-Elsalam, S, Abdelwahab, A, Abdoli, G, Abdulkadir, H, Abedi, A, Abegaz, K, Abidi, H, Aboagye, R, Abolhassani, H, Absalan, A, Abtew, Y, Abubaker Ali, H, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Achappa, B, Acuna, J, Addison, D, Addo, I, Adegboye, O, Adesina, M, Adnan, M, Adnani, Q, Advani, S, Afrin, S, Afzal, M, Aggarwal, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, A, Ahmad, R, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, H, Ahmed, L, Ahmed, M, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aiman, W, Ajami, M, Akalu, G, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, M, Aklilu, A, Akonde, M, Akunna, C, Al Hamad, H, Alahdab, F, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Alessy, S, Algammal, A, Al-Hanawi, M, Alhassan, R, Ali, B, Ali, L, Ali, S, Alimohamadi, Y, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alkhayyat, M, Al-Maweri, S, Almustanyir, S, Alonso, N, Alqalyoobi, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Al-Rifai, R, Al-Sabah, S, Al-Tammemi, A, Altawalah, H, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, F, Ameyaw, E, Aminian Dehkordi, J, Amirzade-Iranaq, M, Amu, H, Amusa, G, Ancuceanu, R, Anderson, J, Animut, Y, Anoushiravani, A, Anoushirvani, A, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Ansha, M, Antony, B, Antwi, M, Anwar, S, Anwer, R, Anyasodor, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Argaw, A, Ariffin, H, Aripov, T, Arshad, M, Artaman, A, Arulappan, J, Aruleba, R, Aryannejad, A, Asaad, M, Asemahagn, M, Asemi, Z, Asghari-Jafarabadi, M, Ashraf, T, Assadi, R, Athar, M, Athari, S, Atout, M, Attia, S, Aujayeb, A, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awedew, A, Awoke, M, Awoke, T, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayana, T, Ayen, S, Azadi, D, Azadnajafabad, S, Azami-Aghdash, S, Azanaw, M, Azangou-Khyavy, M, Azari Jafari, A, Azizi, H, Azzam, A, Babajani, A, Badar, M, Badiye, A, Baghcheghi, N, Bagheri, N, Bagherieh, S, Bahadory, S, Baig, A, Baker, J, Bakhtiari, A, Bakshi, R, Banach, M, Banerjee, I, Bardhan, M, Barone-Adesi, F, Barra, F, Barrow, A, Bashir, N, Bashiri, A, Basu, S, Batiha, A, Begum, A, Bekele, A, Belay, A, Belete, M, Belgaumi, U, Bell, A, Belo, L, Benzian, H, Berhie, A, Bermudez, A, Bernabe, E, Bhagavathula, A, Bhala, N, Bhandari, B, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhojaraja, V, Bhuyan, S, Bibi, S, Bilchut, A, Bintoro, B, Biondi, A, Birega, M, Birhan, H, Bjorge, T, Blyuss, O, Bodicha, B, Bolla, S, Boloor, A, Bosetti, C, Braithwaite, D, Brauer, M, Brenner, H, Briko, A, Briko, N, Buchanan, C, Bulamu, N, Bustamante-Teixeira, M, Butt, M, Butt, N, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Camera, L, Cao, C, Cao, Y, Carreras, G, Carvalho, M, Cembranel, F, Cerin, E, Chakraborty, P, Charalampous, P, Chattu, V, Chimed-Ochir, O, Chirinos-Caceres, J, Cho, D, Cho, W, Christopher, D, Chu, D, Chukwu, I, Cohen, A, Conde, J, Cortes, S, Costa, V, Cruz-Martins, N, Culbreth, G, Dadras, O, Dagnaw, F, Dahlawi, S, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Danielewicz, A, Dao, A, Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, R, Darwesh, A, Das, S, Davitoiu, D, Davtalab Esmaeili, E, De la Hoz, F, Debela, S, Dehghan, A, Demisse, B, Demisse, F, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Derakhshani, A, Derbew Molla, M, Dereje, D, Deribe, K, Desai, R, Desalegn, M, Dessalegn, F, Dessalegni, S, Dessie, G, Desta, A, Dewan, S, Dharmaratne, S, Dhimal, M, Dianatinasab, M, Diao, N, Diaz, D, Digesa, L, Dixit, S, Doaei, S, Doan, L, Doku, P, Dongarwar, D, dos Santos, W, Driscoll, T, Dsouza, H, Durojaiye, O, Edalati, S, Eghbalian, F, Ehsani-Chimeh, E, Eini, E, Ekholuenetale, M, Ekundayo, T, Ekwueme, D, El Tantawi, M, Elbahnasawy, M, Elbarazi, I, Elghazaly, H, Elhadi, M, El-Huneidi, W, Emamian, M, Engelbert Bain, L, Enyew, D, Erkhembayar, R, Eshetu, T, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Espinosa-Montero, J, Etaee, F, Etemadimanesh, A, Eyayu, T, Ezeonwumelu, I, Ezzikouri, S, Fagbamigbe, A, Fahimi, S, Fakhradiyev, I, Faraon, E, Fares, J, Farmany, A, Farooque, U, Farrokhpour, H, Fasanmi, A, Fatehizadeh, A, Fatima, W, Fattahi, H, Fekadu, G, Feleke, B, Ferrari, A, Ferrero, S, Ferro Desideri, L, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Foroumadi, R, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gaal, P, Gad, M, Gadanya, M, Gaipov, A, Galehdar, N, Gallus, S, Garg, T, Gaspar Fonseca, M, Gebremariam, Y, Gebremeskel, T, Gebremichael, M, Geda, Y, Gela, Y, Gemeda, B, Getachew, M, Ghaffari, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, S, Ghasemi Nour, M, Ghassemi, F, Ghimire, A, Ghith, N, Gholamalizadeh, M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq, J, Ghozy, S, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Ginindza, T, Gizaw, A, Glasbey, J, Godos, J, Goel, A, Golechha, M, Goleij, P, Golinelli, D, Golitaleb, M, Gorini, G, Goulart, B, Grosso, G, Guadie, H, Gubari, M, Gudayu, T, Guerra, M, Gunawardane, D, Gupta, B, Gupta, S, Gupta, V, Gurara, M, Guta, A, Habibzadeh, P, Haddadi Avval, A, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hajj Ali, A, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Halboub, E, Halimi, A, Halwani, R, Hamadeh, R, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Hanif, A, Hariri, S, Harlianto, N, Haro, J, Hartono, R, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, S, Hasani, H, Hashemi, S, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari, M, Heidarymeybodi, Z, Herrera-Serna, B, Herteliu, C, Hezam, K, Hiraike, Y, Hlongwa, M, Holla, R, Holm, M, Horita, N, Hoseini, M, Hossain, M, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, A, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Huang, J, Hugo, F, Humayun, A, Hussain, S, Hussein, N, Hwang, B, Ibitoye, S, Iftikhar, P, Ikuta, K, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Immurana, M, Innos, K, Iranpour, P, Irham, L, Islam, M, Islam, R, Islami, F, Ismail, N, Isola, G, Iwagami, M, J, L, Jaiswal, A, Jakovljevic, M, Jalili, M, Jalilian, S, Jamshidi, E, Jang, S, Jani, C, Javaheri, T, Jayarajah, U, Jayaram, S, Jazayeri, S, Jebai, R, Jemal, B, Jeong, W, Jha, R, Jindal, H, John-Akinola, Y, Jonas, J, Joo, T, Joseph, N, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kacimi, S, Kadashetti, V, Kahe, F, Kakodkar, P, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamal, V, Kamangar, F, Kamath, A, Kanchan, T, Kandaswamy, E, Kandel, H, Kang, H, Kanno, G, Kapoor, N, Kar, S, Karanth, S, Karaye, I, Karch, A, Karimi, A, Kassa, B, Katoto, P, Kauppila, J, Kaur, H, Kebede, A, Keikavoosi-Arani, L, Kejela, G, Kemp Bohan, P, Keramati, M, Keykhaei, M, Khajuria, H, Khan, A, Khan, E, Khan, G, Khan, M, Khanali, J, Khatab, K, Khatatbeh, M, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khayat Kashani, H, Khazeei Tabari, M, Khezeli, M, Khodadost, M, Kim, M, Kim, Y, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Klugar, M, Klugarova, J, Kolahi, A, Kolkhir, P, Kompani, F, Koul, P, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, Y, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kugbey, N, Kulimbet, M, Kumar, A, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kurmi, O, Kuttikkattu, A, La Vecchia, C, Lahiri, A, Lal, D, Lam, J, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Larijani, B, Lasrado, S, Lau, J, Lauriola, P, Ledda, C, Lee, S, Lee, W, Lee, Y, Legesse, S, Leigh, J, Leong, E, Li, M, Lim, S, Liu, G, Liu, J, Lo, C, Lohiya, A, Lopukhov, P, Lorenzovici, L, Lotfi, M, Loureiro, J, Lunevicius, R, Madadizadeh, F, Mafi, A, Magdeldin, S, Mahjoub, S, Mahmoodpoor, A, Mahmoudi, M, Mahmoudimanesh, M, Mahumud, R, Majeed, A, Majidpoor, J, Makki, A, Makris, K, Malakan Rad, E, Malekpour, M, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Mallhi, T, Mallya, S, Mamun, M, Manda, A, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martini, S, Martorell, M, Masoudi, S, Masoumi, S, Matei, C, Mathews, E, Mathur, M, Mathur, V, Mckee, M, Meena, J, Mehmood, K, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mehrotra, R, Melese, A, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, S, Mensah, L, Mentis, A, Mera-Mamian, A, Meretoja, T, Merid, M, Mersha, A, Meselu, B, Meshkat, M, Mestrovic, T, Miao Jonasson, J, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Mijena, G, Miller, T, Mir, S, Mirinezhad, S, Mirmoeeni, S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, M, Mirzaei, H, Misganaw, A, Misra, S, Mohammad, K, Mohammadi, E, Mohammadi, M, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, A, Mohammed, S, Mohan, S, Mohseni, M, Moka, N, Mokdad, A, Molassiotis, A, Molokhia, M, Momenzadeh, K, Momtazmanesh, S, Monasta, L, Mons, U, Montasir, A, Montazeri, F, Montero, A, Moosavi, M, Moradi, A, Moradi, Y, Moradi Sarabi, M, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Morrison, S, Morze, J, Mosapour, A, Mostafavi, E, Mousavi, S, Mousavi Isfahani, H, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Mpundu-Kaambwa, C, Mubarik, S, Mulita, F, Munblit, D, Munro, S, Murillo-Zamora, E, Musa, J, Nabhan, A, Nagarajan, A, Nagaraju, S, Nagel, G, Naghipour, M, Naimzada, M, Nair, T, Naqvi, A, Narasimha Swamy, S, Narayana, A, Nassereldine, H, Natto, Z, Nayak, B, Ndejjo, R, Nduaguba, S, Negash, W, Nejadghaderi, S, Nejati, K, Neupane Kandel, S, Nguyen, H, Niazi, R, Noor, N, Noori, M, Noroozi, N, Nouraei, H, Nowroozi, A, Nunez-Samudio, V, Nzoputam, C, Nzoputam, O, Oancea, B, Odukoya, O, Oghenetega, O, Ogunsakin, R, Oguntade, A, Oh, I, Okati-Aliabad, H, Okekunle, A, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olakunde, B, Olufadewa, I, Omer, E, Omonisi, A, Ong, S, Onwujekwe, O, Orru, H, Otstavnov, S, Oulhaj, A, Oumer, B, Owopetu, O, Oyinloye, B, P A, M, Padron-Monedero, A, Padubidri, J, Pakbin, B, Pakshir, K, Pakzad, R, Palicz, T, Pana, A, Pandey, A, Pant, S, Pardhan, S, Park, E, Park, S, Patel, J, Pati, S, Paudel, R, Paudel, U, Paun, M, Pazoki Toroudi, H, Peng, M, Pereira, J, Pereira, R, Perna, S, Perumalsamy, N, Pestell, R, Pezzani, R, Piccinelli, C, Pillay, J, Piracha, Z, Pischon, T, Postma, M, Pourabhari Langroudi, A, Pourshams, A, Pourtaheri, N, Prashant, A, Qadir, M, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Radhakrishnan, R, Radhakrishnan, V, Raeisi, M, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Raheem, N, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Rahmani, S, Rahmanian, V, Rajai, N, Rajesh, A, Ram, P, Ramezanzadeh, K, Rana, J, Ranabhat, K, Ranasinghe, P, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rashedi, S, Rashidi, A, Rashidi, M, Ratan, Z, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Razeghinia, M, Rehman, A, Rehman, I, Reitsma, M, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, M, Rezaei, N, Rezaei, S, Rezaeian, M, Rezapour, A, Riad, A, Rikhtegar, R, Rios-Blancas, M, Roberts, T, Rohloff, P, Romero-Rodriguez, E, Roshandel, G, Rwegerera, G, S, M, Saber-Ayad, M, Saberzadeh-Ardestani, B, Sabour, S, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Saeb, M, Saeed, U, Safaei, M, Safary, A, Sahebazzamani, M, Sahebkar, A, Sahoo, H, Sajid, M, Salari, H, Salehi, S, Salem, M, Salimzadeh, H, Samodra, Y, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Sankararaman, S, Sanmarchi, F, Santric-Milicevic, M, Saqib, M, Sarveazad, A, Sarvi, F, Sathian, B, Satpathy, M, Sayegh, N, Schneider, I, Schwarzinger, M, Sekerija, M, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Seylani, A, Seyoum, K, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shah, P, Shahabi, S, Shahid, I, Shahrbaf, M, Shahsavari, H, Shaikh, M, Shaka, M, Shaker, E, Shannawaz, M, Sharew, M, Sharifi, A, Sharifi-Rad, J, Sharma, P, Shashamo, B, Sheikh, A, Sheikh, M, Sheikhbahaei, S, Sheikhi, R, Sheikhy, A, Shepherd, P, Shetty, A, Shetty, J, Shetty, R, Shibuya, K, Shirkoohi, R, Shirzad-Aski, H, Shivakumar, K, Shivalli, S, Shivarov, V, Shobeiri, P, Shokri Varniab, Z, Shorofi, S, Shrestha, S, Sibhat, M, Siddappa Malleshappa, S, Sidemo, N, Silva, D, Silva, L, Silva Julian, G, Silvestris, N, Simegn, W, Singh, A, Singh, G, Singh, H, Singh, J, Singh, P, Singh, S, Sinha, D, Sinke, A, Siraj, M, Sitas, F, Siwal, S, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Socea, B, Soeberg, M, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Solomon, Y, Soltani-Zangbar, M, Song, S, Song, Y, Sorensen, R, Soshnikov, S, Sotoudeh, H, Sowe, A, Sufiyan, M, Suk, R, Suleman, M, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, R, Sultana, S, Sur, D, Szocska, M, Tabaeian, S, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabatabaei, S, Tabuchi, T, Tadbiri, H, Taheri, E, Taheri, M, Taheri Soodejani, M, Takahashi, K, Talaat, I, Tampa, M, Tan, K, Tat, N, Tat, V, Tavakoli, A, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Tekalegn, Y, Tesfay, F, Thapar, R, Thavamani, A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar, V, Thomas, N, Ticoalu, J, Tiyuri, A, Tollosa, D, Topor-Madry, R, Touvier, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Traini, E, Tran, M, Tripathy, J, Ukke, G, Ullah, I, Ullah, S, Unnikrishnan, B, Vacante, M, Vaezi, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Vardavas, C, Varthya, S, Vaziri, S, Velazquez, D, Veroux, M, Villeneuve, P, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Vu, L, Wadood, A, Waheed, Y, Walde, M, Wamai, R, Wang, C, Wang, F, Wang, N, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Waris, A, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, N, Woldemariam, M, Woldu, B, Xiao, H, Xu, S, Xu, X, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yang, L, Yazdanpanah, F, Yeshaw, Y, Yismaw, Y, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yousefi, Z, Yousefian, F, Yu, C, Yu, Y, Yunusa, I, Zahir, M, Zaki, N, Zaman, B, Zangiabadian, M, Zare, F, Zare, I, Zareshahrabadi, Z, Zarrintan, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zeineddine, M, Zhang, D, Zhang, J, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhou, L, Zodpey, S, Zoladl, M, Vos, T, Hay, S, Force, L, Murray, C, Tran K. B., Lang J. J., Compton K., Xu R., Acheson A. R., Henrikson H. J., Kocarnik J. M., Penberthy L., Aali A., Abbas Q., Abbasi B., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abbasi-Kangevari Z., Abbastabar H., Abdelmasseh M., Abd-Elsalam S., Abdelwahab A. A., Abdoli G., Abdulkadir H. A., Abedi A., Abegaz K. H., Abidi H., Aboagye R. G., Abolhassani H., Absalan A., Abtew Y. D., Abubaker Ali H., Abu-Gharbieh E., Achappa B., Acuna J. M., Addison D., Addo I. Y., Adegboye O. A., Adesina M. A., Adnan M., Adnani Q. E. S., Advani S. M., Afrin S., Afzal M. S., Aggarwal M., Ahinkorah B. O., Ahmad A. R., Ahmad R., Ahmad S., Ahmadi S., Ahmed H., Ahmed L. A., Ahmed M. B., Ahmed Rashid T., Aiman W., Ajami M., Akalu G. T., Akbarzadeh-Khiavi M., Aklilu A., Akonde M., Akunna C. J., Al Hamad H., Alahdab F., Alanezi F. M., Alanzi T. M., Alessy S. A., Algammal A. M., Al-Hanawi M. K., Alhassan R. K., Ali B. A., Ali L., Ali S. S., Alimohamadi Y., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Alkhayyat M., Al-Maweri S. A. A., Almustanyir S., Alonso N., Alqalyoobi S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Al-Rifai R. H. H., Al-Sabah S. K., Al-Tammemi A. B., Altawalah H., Alvis-Guzman N., Amare F., Ameyaw E. K., Aminian Dehkordi J. J., Amirzade-Iranaq M. H., Amu H., Amusa G. A., Ancuceanu R., Anderson J. A., Animut Y. A., Anoushiravani A., Anoushirvani A. A., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Ansha M. G., Antony B., Antwi M. H., Anwar S. L., Anwer R., Anyasodor A. E., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aremu O., Argaw A. M., Ariffin H., Aripov T., Arshad M., Artaman A., Arulappan J., Aruleba R. T., Aryannejad A., Asaad M., Asemahagn M. A., Asemi Z., Asghari-Jafarabadi M., Ashraf T., Assadi R., Athar M., Athari S. S., Atout M. M. W., Attia S., Aujayeb A., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Awedew A. F., Awoke M. A., Awoke T., Ayala Quintanilla B. P., Ayana T. M., Ayen S. S., Azadi D., Azadnajafabad S., Azami-Aghdash S., Azanaw M. M., Azangou-Khyavy M., Azari Jafari A., Azizi H., Azzam A. Y. Y., Babajani A., Badar M., Badiye A. D., Baghcheghi N., Bagheri N., Bagherieh S., Bahadory S., Baig A. A., Baker J. L., Bakhtiari A., Bakshi R. K., Banach M., Banerjee I., Bardhan M., Barone-Adesi F., Barra F., Barrow A., Bashir N. Z., Bashiri A., Basu S., Batiha A. -M. M., Begum A., Bekele A. B., Belay A. S., Belete M. A., Belgaumi U. I., Bell A. W., Belo L., Benzian H., Berhie A. Y., Bermudez A. N. C., Bernabe E., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhala N., Bhandari B. B., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bhojaraja V. S., Bhuyan S. S., Bibi S., Bilchut A. H., Bintoro B. S., Biondi A., Birega M. G. B., Birhan H. E., Bjorge T., Blyuss O., Bodicha B. B. A., Bolla S. R., Boloor A., Bosetti C., Braithwaite D., Brauer M., Brenner H., Briko A. N., Briko N. I., Buchanan C. M., Bulamu N. B., Bustamante-Teixeira M. T., Butt M. H., Butt N. S., Butt Z. A., Caetano dos Santos F. L., Camera L. A., Cao C., Cao Y., Carreras G., Carvalho M., Cembranel F., Cerin E., Chakraborty P. A., Charalampous P., Chattu V. K., Chimed-Ochir O., Chirinos-Caceres J. L., Cho D. Y., Cho W. C. S., Christopher D. J., Chu D. -T., Chukwu I. S., Cohen A. J., Conde J., Cortes S., Costa V. M., Cruz-Martins N., Culbreth G. T., Dadras O., Dagnaw F. T., Dahlawi S. M. A., Dai X., Dandona L., Dandona R., Daneshpajouhnejad P., Danielewicz A., Dao A. T. M., Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani R., Darwesh A. M., Das S., Davitoiu D. V., Davtalab Esmaeili E., De la Hoz F. P., Debela S. A., Dehghan A., Demisse B., Demisse F. W., Denova-Gutierrez E., Derakhshani A., Derbew Molla M., Dereje D., Deribe K. S., Desai R., Desalegn M. D., Dessalegn F. N., Dessalegni S. A. A., Dessie G., Desta A. A., Dewan S. M. R., Dharmaratne S. D., Dhimal M., Dianatinasab M., Diao N., Diaz D., Digesa L. E., Dixit S. G., Doaei S., Doan L. P., Doku P. N., Dongarwar D., dos Santos W. M., Driscoll T. R., Dsouza H. L., Durojaiye O. C., Edalati S., Eghbalian F., Ehsani-Chimeh E., Eini E., Ekholuenetale M., Ekundayo T. C., Ekwueme D. 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Z., Yousefi Z., Yousefian F., Yu C., Yu Y., Yunusa I., Zahir M., Zaki N., Zaman B. A., Zangiabadian M., Zare F., Zare I., Zareshahrabadi Z., Zarrintan A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zeineddine M. A., Zhang D., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Zhang Z. -J., Zhou L., Zodpey S., Zoladl M., Vos T., Hay S. I., Force L. M., and Murray C. J. L.
Abstract: Background: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [2
Published: 2022

27. In vitro regeneration, via organogenesis, from leaves of the peach rootstock GF677 (P. persica × P. amygdalus)

Author: Ricci, A., primary, Mezzetti, B., additional, Navacchi, O., additional, Burgos, L., additional, and Sabbadini, S., additional
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Approaches applied to induce regeneration, via somatic embryogenesis, in the peach rootstock ‘GF677’ (P. persica × P. amygdalus) and in different peach cultivars using leaves and anthers as starting explants

Author: Ricci, A., primary, Sabbadini, S., additional, Navacchi, O., additional, Burgos, L., additional, and Mezzetti, B., additional
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10–24 years, 1950–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nguefack-Tsague G., Nguyen D.N., Nguyen H.L.T., Nie J., Ningrum D.N.A., Nnaji C.A., Nomura S., Noubiap J.J., Nowak C., Nunez-Samudio V., Ogbo F.A., Oghenetega O.B., Oh I.-H., Oladnabi M., Olagunju A.T., Olusanya B.O., Olusanya J.O., Omar Bali A., Omer M.O., Onwujekwe O.E., Ortiz A., Otoiu A., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S.S., Overland S., Owolabi M.O., P A M., Padubidri J.R., Pakshir K., Palladino R., Pana A., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Panelo C.I.A., Park E.-K., Patten S.B., Peden A.E., Pepito V.C.F., Peprah E.K., Pereira J., Pesudovs K., Pham H.Q., Phillips M.R., Piradov M.A., Pirsaheb M., Postma M.J., Pottoo F.H., Pourjafar H., Pourshams A., Prada S.I., Pupillo E., Quazi Syed Z., Rabiee M.H., Rabiee N., Radfar A., Rafiee A., Raggi A., Rahim F., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Rahman M.H.U., Rahman M.A., Ramezanzadeh K., Ranabhat C.L., Rao S.J., Rashedi V., Rastogi P., Rathi P., Rawaf D.L., Rawaf S., Rawal L., Rawassizadeh R., Renzaho A.M.N., Rezaei N., Rezai M.S., Riahi S.M., Rickard J., Roever L., Ronfani L., Roth G.A., Rubagotti E., Rumisha S.F., Rwegerera G.M., Sabour S., Sachdev P.S., Saddik B., Sadeghi E., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Sagar R., Sahebkar A., Sahraian M.A., Sajadi S.M., Salem M.R., Salimzadeh H., Samy A.M., Sanabria J., Santric-Milicevic M.M., Saraswathy S.Y.I., Sarrafzadegan N., Sarveazad A., Sathish T., Sattin D., Saxena D., Saxena S., Schiavolin S., Schwebel D.C., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S.G., Sha F., Shafaat O., Shahabi S., Shaheen A.A., Shaikh M.A., Shakiba S., Shamsi M., Shannawaz M., Sharafi K., Sheikh A., Sheikhbahaei S., Shetty B.S.K., Shi P., Shigematsu M., Shin J.I., Shiri R., Shuval K., Siabani S., Sigfusdottir I.D., Sigurvinsdottir R., Silva D.A.S., Silva J.P., Simonetti B., Singh J.A., Singh V., Sinke A.H., Skryabin V.Y., Slater H., Smith E.U.R., Sobhiyeh M.R., Sobngwi E., Soheili A., Somefun O.D., Sorrie M.B., Soyiri I.N., Sreeramareddy C.T., Stein D.J., Stokes M.A., Sudaryanto A., Sultan I., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Tabuchi T., Tadakamadla S.K., Taherkhani A., Tamiru A.T., Tareque M.I., Thankappan K.R., Thapar R., Thomas N., Titova M.V., Tonelli M., Tovani-Palone M.R., Tran B.X., Travillian R.S., Tsai A.C., Tsatsakis A., Tudor Car L., Uddin R., Unim B., Unnikrishnan B., Upadhyay E., Vacante M., Valadan Tahbaz S., Valdez P.R., Varughese S., Vasankari T.J., Venketasubramanian N., Villeneuve P.J., Violante F.S., Vlassov V., Vos T., Vu G.T., Waheed Y., Wamai R.G., Wang Y., Wang Y.-P., Westerman R., Wickramasinghe N.D., Wu A.-M., Wu C., Yahyazadeh Jabbari S.H., Yamagishi K., Yano Y., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yeshitila Y.G., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yoon S.-J., Younis M.Z., Yousefinezhadi T., Yu C., Yu Y., Yuce D., Zaidi S.S., Zaman S.B., Zamani M., Zamanian M., Zarafshan H., Zarei A., Zastrozhin M.S., Zhang Y., Zhang Z.-J., Zhao X.-J.G., Zhu C., Patton G.C., Viner R.M., Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine (LKCMedicine), Ward, J, Azzopardi, P, Francis, K, Santelli, J, Skirbekk, V, Sawyer, S, Kassebaum, N, Mokdad, A, 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R, Desalew, A, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, S, Dhungana, G, Dianatinasab, M, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Didarloo, A, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Doshi, C, Doshmangir, L, Doyle, K, Duraes, A, Ebrahimi Kalan, M, Ebtehaj, S, Edvardsson, D, El Tantawi, M, Elgendy, I, El-Jaafary, S, Elsharkawy, A, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilnejad, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Esteghamati, S, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fattahi, N, Feigin, V, Ferede, T, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, J, Foigt, N, Folayan, M, Fomenkov, A, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, M, Gaidhane, A, Gallus, S, Gebre, T, Gebremedhin, K, Gebremeskel, G, Gebremeskel, L, Gebreslassie, A, Gesesew, H, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, F, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, S, Gnedovskaya, E, Godinho, M, Golechha, M, Goli, S, Gona, P, Gopalani, S, Gorini, G, Grivna, M, Gubari, M, Gugnani, H, Guimaraes, R, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Haagsma, J, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haile, T, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hall, B, Hamadeh, R, Hamagharib Abdullah, K, Hamidi, S, Handiso, D, Hanif, A, Hankey, G, Haririan, H, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hashi, A, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Hayat, K, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Herteliu, C, Heydarpour, F, Ho, H, Hole, M, Holla, R, Hoogar, P, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsairi, M, Huda, T, Humayun, A, Hussain, R, Hwang, B, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, S, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Inbaraj, L, Intarut, N, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Islam, M, Islam, S, Iso, H, Ivers, R, Jahani, M, Jakovljevic, M, Jalali, A, Janodia, M, Javaheri, T, Jeemon, P, Jenabi, E, Jha, R, Jha, V, Ji, J, Jonas, J, Jones, K, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Juliusson, P, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kabir, Z, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamyari, N, Kanchan, T, Karch, A, Karimi, S, Kaur, S, Kayode, G, Keiyoro, P, Khalid, N, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khatab, K, Khater, M, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khazaie, H, Khoja, A, Kieling, C, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Kisa, S, Kivimaki, M, Koolivand, A, Kosen, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Kugbey, N, Kumar, G, Kumar, M, Kumar, N, Kurmi, O, Kusuma, D, La Vecchia, C, Lacey, B, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Lan, Q, Landires, I, Lansingh, V, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lassi, Z, Lauriola, P, Lee, P, Lee, S, Leigh, J, Leonardi, M, Leung, J, Levi, M, Lewycka, S, Li, B, Li, M, Li, S, Lim, L, Lim, S, Liu, X, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lunevicius, R, Maddison, R, Mahasha, P, Mahdavi, M, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Maleki, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Martinez, G, Martinez-Raga, J, Martins-Melo, F, Mason-Jones, A, Masoumi, S, Mathur, M, Maulik, P, Mcgrath, J, Mehndiratta, M, Mehri, F, Memiah, P, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mengesha, E, Meretoja, A, Meretoja, T, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Miller, T, Mini, G, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, H, Mirzaei, M, Moazen, B, Mohammad, D, Mohammadi, S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadifard, N, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Monasta, L, Moradi, G, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morrison, S, Mosapour, A, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Mueller, U, Muriithi, M, Murray, C, Muthupandian, S, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Naghavi, M, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Nayak, V, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Negoi, R, Netsere, H, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Nguyen, D, Nguyen, H, Nie, J, Ningrum, D, Nnaji, C, Nomura, S, Noubiap, J, Nowak, C, Nunez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, F, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Oladnabi, M, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, B, Olusanya, J, Omar Bali, A, Omer, M, Onwujekwe, O, Ortiz, A, Otoiu, A, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Overland, S, Owolabi, M, P A, M, Padubidri, J, Pakshir, K, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Panelo, C, Park, E, Patten, S, Peden, A, Pepito, V, Peprah, E, Pereira, J, Pesudovs, K, Pham, H, Phillips, M, Piradov, M, Pirsaheb, M, Postma, M, Pottoo, F, Pourjafar, H, Pourshams, A, Prada, S, Pupillo, E, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Rahman, M, Ramezanzadeh, K, Ranabhat, C, Rao, S, Rashedi, V, Rastogi, P, Rathi, P, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Renzaho, A, Rezaei, N, Rezai, M, Riahi, S, Rickard, J, Roever, L, Ronfani, L, Roth, G, Rubagotti, E, Rumisha, S, Rwegerera, G, Sabour, S, Sachdev, P, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, E, Saeedi Moghaddam, S, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Sajadi, S, Salem, M, Salimzadeh, H, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Saraswathy, S, Sarrafzadegan, N, Sarveazad, A, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Saxena, D, Saxena, S, Schiavolin, S, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Sha, F, Shafaat, O, Shahabi, S, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Shakiba, S, Shamsi, M, Shannawaz, M, Sharafi, K, Sheikh, A, Sheikhbahaei, S, Shetty, B, Shi, P, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shiri, R, Shuval, K, Siabani, S, Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, D, Silva, J, Simonetti, B, Singh, J, Singh, V, Sinke, A, Skryabin, V, Slater, H, Smith, E, Sobhiyeh, M, Sobngwi, E, Soheili, A, Somefun, O, Sorrie, M, Soyiri, I, Sreeramareddy, C, Stein, D, Stokes, M, Sudaryanto, A, Sultan, I, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadakamadla, S, Taherkhani, A, Tamiru, A, Tareque, M, Thankappan, K, Thapar, R, Thomas, N, Titova, M, Tonelli, M, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Tsai, A, Tsatsakis, A, Tudor Car, L, Uddin, R, Unim, B, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Villeneuve, P, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vos, T, Vu, G, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, Y, Westerman, R, Wickramasinghe, N, Wu, A, Wu, C, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yano, Y, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yeshitila, Y, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, S, Younis, M, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yu, C, Yu, Y, Yuce, D, Zaidi, S, Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zarafshan, H, Zarei, A, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Y, Zhang, Z, Zhao, X, Zhu, C, Patton, G, and Viner, R
Subjects: Male, Joves -- Mortalitat, ADOLESCENT HEALTH, CHILDREN, Socioeconomic Factor, Global Burden of Disease, RA0421, Cause of Death, Medicine, Young adult, Child, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Cause of death, education.field_of_study, Adolescent, Age Distribution, Female, Humans, Mortality, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Young Adult, Mortality rate, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Articles, Hälsovetenskaper, MIDDLE-INCOME, MENTAL-HEALTH, Adolescent health, INTERVENTIONS, Human, SUICIDE, Total fertility rate, Population, Adolescent Health, Adolescents -- Mortalitat, General & Internal Medicine, Health Sciences, QUALITY, Medicine [Science], Social determinants of health, INCOME COUNTRIES, education, business.industry, TRENDS, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Years of potential life lost, INJURIES, business, Demography
Abstract: Background Documentation of patterns and long-term trends in mortality in young people, which reflect huge changes in demographic and social determinants of adolescent health, enables identification of global investment priorities for this age group. We aimed to analyse data on the number of deaths, years of life lost, and mortality rates by sex and age group in people aged 10–24 years in 204 countries and territories from 1950 to 2019 by use of estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods We report trends in estimated total numbers of deaths and mortality rate per 100 000 population in young people aged 10–24 years by age group (10–14 years, 15–19 years, and 20–24 years) and sex in 204 countries and territories between 1950 and 2019 for all causes, and between 1980 and 2019 by cause of death. We analyse variation in outcomes by region, age group, and sex, and compare annual rate of change in mortality in young people aged 10–24 years with that in children aged 0–9 years from 1990 to 2019. We then analyse the association between mortality in people aged 10–24 years and socioeconomic development using the GBD Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite measure based on average national educational attainment in people older than 15 years, total fertility rate in people younger than 25 years, and income per capita. We assess the association between SDI and all-cause mortality in 2019, and analyse the ratio of observed to expected mortality by SDI using the most recent available data release (2017). Findings In 2019 there were 1·49 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 1·39–1·59) worldwide in people aged 10–24 years, of which 61% occurred in males. 32·7% of all adolescent deaths were due to transport injuries, unintentional injuries, or interpersonal violence and conflict; 32·1% were due to communicable, nutritional, or maternal causes; 27·0% were due to non-communicable diseases; and 8·2% were due to self-harm. Since 1950, deaths in this age group decreased by 30·0% in females and 15·3% in males, and sex-based differences in mortality rate have widened in most regions of the world. Geographical variation has also increased, particularly in people aged 10–14 years. Since 1980, communicable and maternal causes of death have decreased sharply as a proportion of total deaths in most GBD super-regions, but remain some of the most common causes in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia, where more than half of all adolescent deaths occur. Annual percentage decrease in all-cause mortality rate since 1990 in adolescents aged 15–19 years was 1·3% in males and 1·6% in females, almost half that of males aged 1–4 years (2·4%), and around a third less than in females aged 1–4 years (2·5%). The proportion of global deaths in people aged 0–24 years that occurred in people aged 10–24 years more than doubled between 1950 and 2019, from 9·5% to 21·6%. Interpretation Variation in adolescent mortality between countries and by sex is widening, driven by poor progress in reducing deaths in males and older adolescents. Improving global adolescent mortality will require action to address the specific vulnerabilities of this age group, which are being overlooked. Furthermore, indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are likely to jeopardise efforts to improve health outcomes including mortality in young people aged 10–24 years. There is an urgent need to respond to the changing global burden of adolescent mortality, address inequities where they occur, and improve the availability and quality of primary mortality data in this age group. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2021

30. Purification-based quantum error mitigation of pair-correlated electron simulations

Author: O’Brien, TE, Anselmetti, G, Gkritsis, F, Elfving, VE, Polla, S, Huggins, WJ, Oumarou, O, Kechedzhi, K, Abanin, D, Acharya, R, Aleiner, I, Allen, R, Andersen, TI, Anderson, K, Ansmann, M, Arute, F, Arya, K, Asfaw, A, Atalaya, J, Bardin, JC, Bengtsson, A, Bortoli, G, Bourassa, A, Bovaird, J, Brill, L, Broughton, M, Buckley, B, Buell, DA, Burger, T, Burkett, B, Bushnell, N, Campero, J, Chen, Z, Chiaro, B, Chik, D, Cogan, J, Collins, R, Conner, P, Courtney, W, Crook, AL, Curtin, B, Debroy, DM, Demura, S, Drozdov, I, Dunsworth, A, Erickson, C, Faoro, L, Farhi, E, Fatemi, R, Ferreira, VS, Flores Burgos, L, Forati, E, Fowler, AG, Foxen, B, Giang, W, Gidney, C, Gilboa, D, Giustina, M, Gosula, R, Grajales Dau, A, Gross, JA, Habegger, S, Hamilton, MC, Hansen, M, Harrigan, MP, Harrington, SD, Heu, P, Hoffmann, MR, Hong, S, Huang, T, Huff, A, Ioffe, LB, Isakov, SV, Iveland, J, Jeffrey, E, Jiang, Z, Jones, C, Juhas, P, Kafri, D, Khattar, T, Khezri, M, Kieferová, M, Kim, S, Klimov, PV, Klots, AR, Korotkov, AN, Kostritsa, F, Kreikebaum, JM, Landhuis, D, Laptev, P, Lau, KM, Laws, L, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lester, BJ, Lill, AT, Liu, W, Livingston, WP, Locharla, A, Malone, FD, O’Brien, TE, Anselmetti, G, Gkritsis, F, Elfving, VE, Polla, S, Huggins, WJ, Oumarou, O, Kechedzhi, K, Abanin, D, Acharya, R, Aleiner, I, Allen, R, Andersen, TI, Anderson, K, Ansmann, M, Arute, F, Arya, K, Asfaw, A, Atalaya, J, Bardin, JC, Bengtsson, A, Bortoli, G, Bourassa, A, Bovaird, J, Brill, L, Broughton, M, Buckley, B, Buell, DA, Burger, T, Burkett, B, Bushnell, N, Campero, J, Chen, Z, Chiaro, B, Chik, D, Cogan, J, Collins, R, Conner, P, Courtney, W, Crook, AL, Curtin, B, Debroy, DM, Demura, S, Drozdov, I, Dunsworth, A, Erickson, C, Faoro, L, Farhi, E, Fatemi, R, Ferreira, VS, Flores Burgos, L, Forati, E, Fowler, AG, Foxen, B, Giang, W, Gidney, C, Gilboa, D, Giustina, M, Gosula, R, Grajales Dau, A, Gross, JA, Habegger, S, Hamilton, MC, Hansen, M, Harrigan, MP, Harrington, SD, Heu, P, Hoffmann, MR, Hong, S, Huang, T, Huff, A, Ioffe, LB, Isakov, SV, Iveland, J, Jeffrey, E, Jiang, Z, Jones, C, Juhas, P, Kafri, D, Khattar, T, Khezri, M, Kieferová, M, Kim, S, Klimov, PV, Klots, AR, Korotkov, AN, Kostritsa, F, Kreikebaum, JM, Landhuis, D, Laptev, P, Lau, KM, Laws, L, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lester, BJ, Lill, AT, Liu, W, Livingston, WP, Locharla, A, and Malone, FD
Abstract: An important measure of the development of quantum computing platforms has been the simulation of increasingly complex physical systems. Before fault-tolerant quantum computing, robust error-mitigation strategies were necessary to continue this growth. Here, we validate recently introduced error-mitigation strategies that exploit the expectation that the ideal output of a quantum algorithm would be a pure state. We consider the task of simulating electron systems in the seniority-zero subspace where all electrons are paired with their opposite spin. This affords a computational stepping stone to a fully correlated model. We compare the performance of error mitigations on the basis of doubling quantum resources in time or in space on up to 20 qubits of a superconducting qubit quantum processor. We observe a reduction of error by one to two orders of magnitude below less sophisticated techniques such as postselection. We study how the gain from error mitigation scales with the system size and observe a polynomial suppression of error with increased resources. Extrapolation of our results indicates that substantial hardware improvements will be required for classically intractable variational chemistry simulations.
Published: 2023

31. Tratamiento endourológico del ureterocele ectópico. Experiencia en los últimos 15 años

Author: Basa Bosch, I, primary, de Palacios, A, additional, Fernández Bautista, B, additional, Ordóñez, J, additional, Ortiz, R, additional, Burgos, L, additional, Parente, A, additional, and Angulo, JM, additional
Published: 2023
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32. Endourological treatment of ectopic ureterocele. Our experience in the last 15 years

Author: Bada Bosch, I, primary, de Palacios, A, additional, Fernández Bautista, B, additional, Ordóñez, J, additional, Ortiz, R, additional, Burgos, L, additional, Parente, A, additional, and Angulo, JM, additional
Published: 2023
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33. Next generation flow for minimally-invasive blood characterization of MGUS and multiple myeloma at diagnosis based on circulating tumor plasma cells (CTPC)

Author: Sanoja-Flores, L., Flores-Montero, J., Garcés, J. J., Paiva, B., Puig, N., García-Mateo, A., García-Sánchez, O., Corral-Mateos, A., Burgos, L., Blanco, E., Hernández-Martín, J., Pontes, R., Díez-Campelo, M., Millacoy, P., Rodríguez-Otero, P., Prosper, F., Merino, J., Vidriales, M. B., García-Sanz, R., Romero, A., Palomera, L., Ríos-Tamayo, R., Pérez-Andrés, M., Blanco, J. F., González, M., van Dongen, J. J. M., Durie, B., Mateos, M. V., San-Miguel, J., Orfao, A., and on behalf of the EuroFlow consortium
Published: 2018
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34. Percutaneous Endopyelotomy over High Pressure Balloon for Recurrent Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children

Author: Parente, A., Angulo, J.M., Burgos, L., Romero, R.M., Rivas, S., and Ortiz, R.
Published: 2015
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35. Production of transgenic diploid Cucumis melo plants

Author: García-Almodóvar, R. C., Gosalvez, B., Aranda, M. A., and Burgos, L.
Published: 2017
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36. Bladder changes after several coverage modalities in the surgically induced model of myelomeningocele in lambs

Author: Burgos, L., Encinas, J.L., García-Cabezas, M.Á., Peiró, J.L., López-Santamaría, M., and Jaureguízar, E.
Published: 2014
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37. Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Abbafati, C., Machado, D.B., Cislaghi, B., Salman, O.M., Karanikolos, M., McKee, M., Abbas, K.M., Brady, O.J., Larson, H.J., Trias-Llimós, S., Cummins, S., Langan, S.M., Sartorius, B., Hafiz, A., Jenabi, E., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N., Borzouei, S., Azarian, G., Khazaei, S., Abbasi, M., Asghari, B., Masoumi, S., Komaki, H., Taherkhani, A., Adabi, M., Abbasifard, M., Bazmandegan, G., Kamiab, Z., Vakilian, A., Anjomshoa, M., Mokari, A., Sabour, S., Shahbaz, M., Saeedi, R., Ahmadieh, H., Yousefinezhadi, T., Haj-Mirzaian, A., Nikbakhsh, R., Safi, S., Asgari, S., Irvani, S.N., Jahanmehr, N., Ramezanzadeh, K., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Khayamzadeh, M., Abbastabar, H., Shirkoohi, R., Fazlzadeh, M., Janjani, H., Hosseini, M., Mansournia, M., Tohidinik, H., Bakhtiari, A., Fazaeli, A., Mousavi, S., Hasanzadeh, A., Nabavizadeh, B., Malekzadeh, R., Hashemian, M., Pourshams, A., Salimzadeh, H., Sepanlou, S.G., Afarideh, M., Esteghamati, A., Esteghamati, S., Ghajar, A., Heidari, B., Rezaei, N., Mohamadi, E., Rahimi-Movaghar, A., Rahim, F., Eskandarieh, S., Sahraian, M., Mohebi, F., Aminorroaya, A., Ebrahimi, H., Farzadfar, F., Mohajer, B., Pishgar, F., Saeedi Moghaddam, S., Shabani, M., Zarafshan, H., Abolhassani, H., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Abdollahi, M., Farahmand, M., Salamati, P., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Tajdini, M., Aghamir, S., Mirzaei, R., Dibaji Forooshani, Z., Khater, M.M., Abd-Allah, F., Abdelalim, A., Abualhasan, A., El-Jaafary, S.I., Hassan, A., Elsharkawy, A., Khater, A.M., Elhabashy, H.R., Salem, M.R.R., Salem, H., Sadeghi, M., Jafarinia, M., Amini-Rarani, M., Mohammadifard, N., Sarrafzadegan, N., Abdollahpour, I., Sarveazad, A., Tehrani-Banihashemi, A., Yoosefi Lebni, J., Manafi, N., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Dorostkar, F., Alipour, V., Sheikhtaheri, A., Arabloo, J., Azari, S., Ghashghaee, A., Rezapour, A., Naserbakht, M., Kabir, A., Mehri, F., Yousefifard, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Babaee, E., Eshrati, B., Goharinezhad, S., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Abedi, P., 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Sharafi, Z, Sharara, F, Sharma, R, Shaw, Dh, Sheikh, A, Shin, Ji, Shiri, R, Shrime, Mg, Shuval, K, Siabani, S, Sigfusdottir, Id, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, Da, Simonetti, B, Simpson, Ke, Singh, Ja, Skiadaresi, E, Skryabin, Vy, Soheili, A, Sokhan, A, Sorensen, Rjd, Soriano, Jb, Sorrie, Mb, Soyiri, In, Spurlock, Ee, Sreeramareddy, Ct, Stockfelt, L, Stokes, Ma, Stubbs, Jl, Sudaryanto, A, Sufiyan, Mb, Abdulkader, R, Sykes, Bl, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tabb, Km, Tadakamadla, Sk, Taherkhani, A, Tang, Mm, Taveira, N, Taylor, Hj, Teagle, Wl, Tehrani-Banihashemi, A, Teklehaimanot, Bf, Tessema, Zt, Thankappan, Kr, Thomas, N, Thrift, Ag, Titova, Mv, Tohidinik, Hr, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Topouzis, F, Tovani-Palone, Mrr, Traini, E, Tran, Bx, Travillian, R, Trias-Llimos, S, Truelsen, Tc, Car, Lt, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Vacante, M, Vakilian, A, Valdez, Pr, Valli, A, Vardavas, C, Vasankari, Tj, Vasconcelos, Amn, Vasseghian, Y, Veisani, Y, Venketasubramanian, N, Vidale, S, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vollset, Se, Vos, T, Vujcic, I, Vukovic, A, Vukovic, R, Waheed, Y, Wallin, Mt, Walters, Mk, Wang, Hb, Wang, Yp, Watson, S, Wei, Jk, Weiss, J, Weldesamuel, Gt, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Whiteford, Ha, Wiangkham, T, Wiens, Ke, Wijeratne, T, Wiysonge, C, Wojtyniak, B, Wolfe, Cda, Wondmieneh, Ab, Wool, Ee, Wu, Am, Wu, Jj, Xu, Gl, Yamada, T, Yamagishi, K, Yano, Y, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yearwood, Ja, Yeheyis, Ty, Yilgwan, C, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Yoon, Sj, Lebni, Jy, York, Hw, Younis, Mz, Younker, Tp, Yousefi, Z, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yousuf, Ay, Yusefzadeh, H, Moghadam, Tz, Zakzuk, J, Bin Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zandian, H, Zhang, Zj, Zheng, P, Zhou, Mg, Ziapour, A, Murray, Cjl, Wang, Haidong, Abbas, Kaja M, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarãe, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Adabi, Maryam, Adair, Tim, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adedeji, Isaac 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Ziapour, Arash, Murray, Christopher J L, Collaborators, GBD 2019 Demographics, GBD 2019 Demographics Collaborator, Violante FS, Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Department of Earth Systems Analysis, Biomechanical Engineering, TechMed Centre, Biomolecular Nanotechnology, Research Methodology, Measurement and Data Analysis, Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, Inorganic Materials Science, MESA+ Institute, Biomedical and Environmental Sensorsystems, Mesoscale Chemical Systems, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Nonlinear Solid Mechanics, Digital Society Institute, Pervasive Systems, Nanobiophysics, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Multi Scale Mechanics, Engineering Fluid Dynamics, Physics of Complex Fluids, Developmental BioEngineering, Physics of Fluids, Elastomer Technology and Engineering, Medical Cell Biophysics, European Membrane Institute, Department of Earth Observation Science, Biomaterials Science and Technology, Sustainable Process Technology, Department of Urban and Regional Planning and Geo-Information Management, Department of Natural Resources, XUV Optics, Databases (Former), Department of Water Resources, Psychology, Health & Technology, Membrane Science & Technology, Department of Public Health, Clinicum, HUS Neurocenter, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Environmental Sciences
Subjects: Male, very elderly, Demographic transition, HALE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, preschool child, Global Burden of Disease, Carga Global de Enfermedades, 0302 clinical medicine, newborn, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, and Risk Factors Study, 80 and over, 030212 general & internal medicine, Birth Rate, Child, Migration, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Injuries, Geography, Mortality rate, 1. No poverty, DEATH, Censuses, General Medicine, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, Middle Aged, Demographic analysis, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, demographic analysis, Estilo de Vida Saludable, risk factor, Child, Preschool, Demography/statistics & numerical data, Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, Risk Factors, Fertility, Mortality, Migration, Population, epidemiology, Female, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, CHILD-MORTALITY, Live Birth, Global Health Metrics, TRANSITION, demographics, GBD, fertility, mortality, hale, Adult, Adolescent, Total fertility rate, Population, Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, Birth rate, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Life Expectancy, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, Demografía, Humans, Global Burden of Disease Study, human, Mortality, education, Preschool, Aged, Demography, Spatial Analysis, questionnaire, Infant, Newborn, Klinisk medicin, HIV, Infant, Global Burden of Diseases, sex-specific fertility, Live Birth/epidemiology, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https], MODEL, Fertilidad, Fertility, Demographic change, Life expectancy, NA, global disease burden, Clinical Medicine, population research
Abstract: Background Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. Methods 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10-14 and 50-54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model that analysed estimated age-specific fertility and mortality rates along with 1250 censuses and 747 population registry years. We classified location-years into seven categories on the basis of the natural rate of increase in population (calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate) and the net migration rate. We computed healthy life expectancy (HALE) using years lived with disability (YLDs) per capita, life tables, and standard demographic methods. Uncertainty was propagated throughout the demographic estimation process, including fertility, mortality, and population, with 1000 draw-level estimates produced for each metric. Findings The global TFR decreased from 2.72 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2.66-2.79) in 2000 to 2.31 (2.17-2.46) in 2019. Global annual livebirths increased from 134.5 million (131.5-137.8) in 2000 to a peak of 139.6 million (133.0-146.9) in 2016. Global livebirths then declined to 135.3 million (127.2-144.1) in 2019. Of the 204 countries and territories included in this study, in 2019, 102 had a TFR lower than 2.1, which is considered a good approximation of replacement-level fertility. All countries in sub-Saharan Africa had TFRs above replacement level in 2019 and accounted for 27.1% (95% UI 26.4-27.8) of global livebirths. Global life expectancy at birth increased from 67.2 years (95% UI 66.8-67.6) in 2000 to 73.5 years (72.8-74.3) in 2019. The total number of deaths increased from 50.7 million (49.5-51.9) in 2000 to 56.5 million (53.7-59.2) in 2019. Under-5 deaths declined from 9.6 million (9.1-10.3) in 2000 to 5.0 million (4.3-6.0) in 2019. Global population increased by 25.7%, from 6.2 billion (6.0-6.3) in 2000 to 7.7 billion (7.5-8.0) in 2019. In 2019, 34 countries had negative natural rates of increase; in 17 of these, the population declined because immigration was not sufficient to counteract the negative rate of decline. Globally, HALE increased from 58.6 years (56.1-60.8) in 2000 to 63.5 years (60.8-66.1) in 2019. HALE increased in 202 of 204 countries and territories between 2000 and 2019. Interpretation Over the past 20 years, fertility rates have been dropping steadily and life expectancy has been increasing, with few exceptions. Much of this change follows historical patterns linking social and economic determinants, such as those captured by the GBD Socio-demographic Index, with demographic outcomes. More recently, several countries have experienced a combination of low fertility and stagnating improvement in mortality rates, pushing more populations into the late stages of the demographic transition. Tracking demographic change and the emergence of new patterns will be essential for global health monitoring. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2020

38. Assessing performance of the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, overall and by select age groups, for 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Lozano, R., Haakenstad, A., Yearwood, J. A., Fullman, N., Bintz, C., Bienhoff, K., Weaver, M. R., Nandakumar, V., Joffe, J. N., LeGrand, K. E., Knight, M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abdoli, A., Zuniga, R. A. A., Adedeji, I. A., Adekanmbi, V., Adetokunboh, O. O., Afzal, M. S., Afzal, S., Agudelo-Botero, M., Ahinkorah, B. O., Ahmad, S., Ahmadi, A., Ahmadi, S., Ahmed, A., Rashid, T. A., Aji, B., Akande-Sholabi, W., Alam, K., Al Hamad, H., Alhassan, R. K., Ali, L., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S. M., Ameyaw, E. K., Amin, T. T., Amu, H., Amugsi, D. A., Ancuceanu, R., Andrade, P. P., Anjum, A., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Ariffin, H., Arulappan, J., Aryan, Z., Ashraf, T., Atnafu, D. D., Atreya, A., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Ayano, G., Ayanore, M. A., Azari, S., Badiye, A. D., Baig, A. A., Bairwa, M., Bakkannavar, S. M., Baliga, S., Banik, P. C., Barnighausen, T. W., Barra, F., Barrow, A., Basu, S., Bayati, M., Belete, R., Bell, A. W., Bhagat, D. S., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhardwaj, P., Bhardwaj, N., Bhaskar, S., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhutta, Z. A., Bibi, S., Bijani, A., Bikbov, B., Biondi, A., Bolarinwa, O. A., Bonny, A., Brenner, H., Buonsenso, D., Burkart, K., Busse, R., Butt, Z. A., Butt, N. S., dos Santos, F. L. C., Cahuana Hurtado, Lucero, Camera, Luis Alberto, Cardenas, R., Carneiro, V. L. A., Catala-Lopez, F., Chandan, J. S., Charan, J., Chavan, P. P., Chen, S. M., Chen, S., Choudhari, S. G., Chowdhury, E. K., Chowdhury, M. A. K., Cirillo, M., Corso, B., Dadras, O., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Dai, X. C., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Dangel, W. J., Davila-Cervantes, C. A., Davletov, K., Deuba, K., Dhimal, M., Dhimal, M. L., Djalalinia, S., Do, H. P., Doshmangir, L., Duncan, B. B., Effiong, A., Ehsani-Chimeh, E., Elgendy, I. Y., Elhadi, M., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., Erku, D. A., Eskandarieh, S., Fares, J., Farzadfar, F., Ferrero, S., Desideri, L. F., Fischer, F., Foigt, N. A., Foroutan, M., Fukumoto, T., Gaal, P. A., Gaihre, S., Gardner, W. M., Garg, T., Obsa, A. G., Ghafourifard, M., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gilani, S. A., Gill, P. S., Goharinezhad, S., Golechha, M., Guadamuz, J. S., Guo, Y. M., Das Gupta, R., Gupta, R., Gupta, V. K., Gupta, V. B., Hamiduzzaman, M., Hanif, A., Haro, J. M., Hasaballah, A. I., Hasan, M. M., Hasan, M. T., Hashi, A., Hay, S. I., Hayat, K., Heidari, M., Heidari, G., Henry, N. J., Herteliu, C., Holla, R., Hossain, S., Hossain, S. J., Hossain, M. B. H., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, S., Hoveidamanesh, S., Hsieh, V. C. R., Hu, G. Q., Huang, J. J., Huda, M. M., Ifeagwu, S. C., Ikuta, K. S., Ilesanmi, O. S., Irvani, S. S. N., Islam, R. M., Islam, S. M. S., Ismail, N. E., Iso, H., Isola, G., Itumalla, R., Iwagami, M., Jahani, M. A., Jahanmehr, N., Jain, R., Jakovljevic, M., Janodia, M. D., Jayapal, S. K., Jayaram, S., Jha, R. P., Jonas, J. B., Joo, T., Joseph, N., Jurisson, M., Kabir, A., Kalankesh, L. R., Kalhor, R., Kamath, A. M., Kamenov, K., Kandel, H., Kantar, R. S., Kapoor, N., Karanikolos, M., Katikireddi, S. V., Kavetskyy, T., Kawakami, N., Kayode, G. A., Keikavoosi-Arani, L., Keykhaei, M., Khader, Y. S., Khajuria, H., Khalilov, R., Khammarnia, M., Khan, M. N., Khan, M. A. B., Khan, M., Khezeli, M., Kim, M. S., Kim, Y. J., Kisa, S., Kisa, A., Klymchuk, V., Koly, K. N., Korzh, O., Kosen, S., Koul, P. A., Defo, B. K., Kumar, G. A., Kusuma, D., Kyu, H. H., Larsson, A. O., Lasrado, S., Lee, W. C., Lee, Y. H., Lee, C. B., Li, S. S., Lucchetti, G., Mahajan, P. B., Majeed, A., Makki, A., Malekzadeh, R., Malik, A. A., Malta, D. C., Mansournia, M. A., Mantovani, L. G., Martinez-Valle, A., Martins-Melo, F. R., Masoumi, S. Z., Mathur, M. R., Maude, R. J., Maulik, P. K., McKee, M., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R. G., Mensah, G. A., Meretoja, A., Meretoja, T. J., Mestrovic, T., Michalek, I. M., Mirrakhimov, E. M., Misganaw, A., Misra, S., Moazen, B., Mohammadi, M., Mohammed, S., Moitra, M., Mokdad, A. H., Molokhia, M., Monasta, L., Moni, M. A., Moradi, G., Moreira, R. S., Mosser, J. F., Mostafavi, E., Mouodi, S., Nagarajan, A. J., Nagata, C., Naghavi, M., Nangia, V., Swamy, S. N., Narayana, A. I., Nascimento, B. R., Nassereldine, H., Nayak, B. P., Nazari, J., Negoi, I., Nepal, S., Kandel, S. N., Ngunjiri, J. W., Nguyen, H. L. T, Nguyen, C. T., Ningrum, D. N. A., Noubiap, J. J., Oancea, B., Oghenetega, O. B., Oh, I. H., Olagunju, A. T., Olakunde, B. O., Bali, A. O., Omer, E., Onwujekwe, O. E., Otoiu, A., Padubidri, J. R., Palladino, R., Pana, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Pardhan, S., Pasupula, D. K., Pathak, P. K., Patton, G. C., Pawar, S., Pereira, J., Pilania, M., Piroozi, B., Podder, V., Pokhrel, K. N., Postma, M. J., Prada, S. I., Syed, Z. Q., Rabiee, N., Radhakrishnan, R. A., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M., Rahman, M. H. U., Rahmani, A. M., Ranabhat, C. L., Rao, C. R., Rao, S. J., Rasella, D., Rawaf, S., Rawaf, D. L., Rawal, L., Renzaho, A. M. N., Reshmi, B., Resnikoff, S., Rezapour, A., Riahi, S. M., Ripon, R. K., Sacco, S., Sadeghi, M., Saeed, U., Sahebkar, A., Sahiledengle, B., Sahoo, H., Sahu, M., Salama, J. S., Salamati, P., Samy, A. M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M. M., Sathian, B., Sawhney, M., Schmidt, M. I., Seidu, A. A., Sepanlou, S. G., Seylani, A., Shaikh, M. A., Sheikh, A., Shetty, A., Shigematsu, M., Shiri, R., Shivakumar, K. M., Shokri, A., Singh, J. A., Sinha, D. N., Skryabin, V. Y., Skryabina, A. A., Sofi-Mahmudi, A., Sousa, R. A. R. C., Stephens, J. H., Sun, J., Szocska, M., Tabares-Seisdedos, R., Tadbiri, H., Tamiru, A. T., Thankappan, K. R., Topor-Madry, R., Tovani-Palone, M. R., Tran, M. T. N., Tran, B. X., Tripathi, N., Tripathy, J. P., Troeger, C. E., Uezono, D. R., Ullah, S., Ullah, A., Unnikrishnan, B., Vacante, M., Tahbaz, S. V., Valdez, P. R., Vasic, M., Veroux, M., Vervoort, D., Violante, F. S., Vladimirov, S. K., Vlassov, V., Vo, B., Waheed, Y., Wamai, R. G., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Z., Ward, P., Wiangkham, T., Yadav, L., Jabbari, S. H. 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L., GBD 2019 Healthcare Access Quality, Clinicum, Department of Neurosciences, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Haakenstad, Annie, Yearwood, Jamal Akeem, Fullman, Nancy, Bintz, Corinne, Bienhoff, Kelly, Weaver, Marcia R, Nandakumar, Vishnu, Joffe, Jonah N, Legrand, Kate E, Knight, Megan, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdoli, Amir, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agudelo-Botero, Marcela, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Aji, Budi, Akande-Sholabi, Wuraola, Alam, Khurshid, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Liaqat, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Anjum, Afifa, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Ariffin, Hany, Arulappan, Judie, Aryan, Zahra, Ashraf, Tahira, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Atreya, Alok, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baig, Atif Amin, Bairwa, Mohan, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Baliga, Shrikala, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barra, Fabio, Barrow, Amadou, Basu, Sanjay, Bayati, Mohsen, Belete, Rebuma, Bell, Arielle Wilder, Bhagat, Devidas S, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bibi, Sadia, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Bori, Biondi, Antonio, Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi, Bonny, Aime, Brenner, Hermann, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carneiro, Vera L A, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chandan, Joht Singh, Charan, Jaykaran, Chavan, Prachi P, Chen, Simiao, Chen, Shu, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir, Cirillo, Massimo, Corso, Barbara, Dadras, Omid, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dangel, William Jame, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, Deuba, Keshab, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doshmangir, Leila, Duncan, Bruce B, Effiong, Andem, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhadi, Muhammed, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Erku, Daniel Asfaw, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Fares, Jawad, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ferrero, Simone, Ferro Desideri, Lorenzo, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A, Foroutan, Masoud, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gaal, Peter Andra, Gaihre, Santosh, Gardner, William M, Garg, Tushar, Getachew Obsa, Abera, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Goharinezhad, Salime, Golechha, Mahaveer, Guadamuz, Jenny S, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajat Da, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gupta, Veer Bala, Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, Hanif, Asif, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hasan, M Tasdik, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari, Golnaz, Henry, Nathaniel J, Herteliu, Claudiu, Holla, Ramesh, Hossain, Sahadat, Hossain, Sheikh Jamal, Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Junjie, Huda, M Mamun, Ifeagwu, Susan C, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Rakibul M, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iso, Hiroyasu, Isola, Gaetano, Itumalla, Ramaiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jain, Rajesh, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayaram, Shubha, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joo, Tama, Joseph, Nitin, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Ali, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Aruna M, Kamenov, Kaloyan, Kandel, Himal, Kantar, Rami S, Kapoor, Neeti, Karanikolos, Marina, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kavetskyy, Tara, Kawakami, Norito, Kayode, Gbenga A, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Maseer, Khezeli, Mehdi, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Sezer, Kisa, Adnan, Klymchuk, Vitalii, Koly, Kamrun Nahar, Korzh, Oleksii, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kusuma, Dian, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Lee, Wei-Chen, Lee, Yo Han, Lee, Chiachi Bonnie, Li, Shanshan, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Majeed, Azeem, Makki, Alaa, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Martinez-Valle, Adolfo, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masoumi, Seyedeh Zahra, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maude, Richard Jame, Maulik, Pallab K, 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Adrian, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R, Pardhan, Shahina, Pasupula, Deepak Kumar, Pathak, Praveen Kumar, Patton, George C, Pawar, Shrikant, Pereira, Jeevan, Pilania, Manju, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Podder, Vivek, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Postma, Maarten J, Prada, Sergio I, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Rabiee, Navid, Radhakrishnan, Raghu Anekal, Rahman, Md Mosfequr, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Sowmya J, Rasella, Davide, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Renzaho, Andre M N, Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezapour, Aziz, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ripon, Rezaul Karim, Sacco, Simona, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Saeed, Umar, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahiledengle, Biniyam, Sahoo, Harihar, Sahu, Maitreyi, Salama, Joseph S, Salamati, Payman, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Seylani, Allen, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sheikh, Aziz, Shetty, Adithi, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shivakumar, K M, Shokri, Azad, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sofi-Mahmudi, Ahmad, Sousa, Raúl A R C, Stephens, Jacqueline H, Sun, Jing, Szócska, Mikló, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadbiri, Hooman, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Mai Thi Ngoc, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tripathi, Niharika, Tripathy, Jaya Prasad, Troeger, Christopher E, Uezono, Deinzel Roble, Ullah, Saif, Ullah, Anayat, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Vacante, Marco, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Vasic, Milena, Veroux, Massimiliano, Vervoort, Dominique, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wang, Yanzhong, Ward, Paul, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Yadav, Lalit, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Vahit, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zuniga, Yves Miel H, Lim, Stephen S, Murray, Christopher J L, Lozano, Rafael, Haakenstad, A, Yearwood, J, Fullman, N, Bintz, C, Bienhoff, K, Weaver, M, Nandakumar, V, Joffe, J, Legrand, K, Knight, M, Abbafati, C, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdoli, A, Abeldano Zuniga, R, Adedeji, I, Adekanmbi, V, Adetokunboh, O, Afzal, M, Afzal, S, Agudelo-Botero, M, Ahinkorah, B, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, A, Ahmed Rashid, T, Aji, B, Akande-Sholabi, W, Alam, K, Al Hamad, H, Alhassan, R, Ali, L, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Ameyaw, E, Amin, T, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Andrade, P, Anjum, A, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Ariffin, H, Arulappan, J, Aryan, Z, Ashraf, T, Atnafu, D, Atreya, 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Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandi-Perumal, S, Pardhan, S, Pasupula, D, Pathak, P, Patton, G, Pawar, S, Pereira, J, Pilania, M, Piroozi, B, Podder, V, Pokhrel, K, Postma, M, Prada, S, Quazi Syed, Z, Rabiee, N, Radhakrishnan, R, Rahman, M, Rahmani, A, Ranabhat, C, Rao, C, Rao, S, Rasella, D, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Resnikoff, S, Rezapour, A, Riahi, S, Ripon, R, Sacco, S, Sadeghi, M, Saeed, U, Sahebkar, A, Sahiledengle, B, Sahoo, H, Sahu, M, Salama, J, Salamati, P, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Sathian, B, Sawhney, M, Schmidt, M, Seidu, A, Sepanlou, S, Seylani, A, Shaikh, M, Sheikh, A, Shetty, A, Shigematsu, M, Shiri, R, Shivakumar, K, Shokri, A, Singh, J, Sinha, D, Skryabin, V, Skryabina, A, Sofi-Mahmudi, A, Sousa, R, Stephens, J, Sun, J, Szocska, M, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Tadbiri, H, Tamiru, A, Thankappan, K, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, M, Tran, B, Tripathi, N, Tripathy, J, Troeger, C, Uezono, D, Ullah, S, Ullah, A, Unnikrishnan, B, Vacante, M, Valadan Tahbaz, S, Valdez, P, Vasic, M, Veroux, M, Vervoort, D, Violante, F, Vladimirov, S, Vlassov, V, Vo, B, Waheed, Y, Wamai, R, Wang, Y, Ward, P, Wiangkham, T, Yadav, L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yi, S, Yigit, V, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Yunusa, I, Zaman, S, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Z, Zhong, C, Zuniga, Y, Lim, S, Murray, C, Lozano, R, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, King Edward Medical University (Pakistán), Kuwait University (Kuwait), Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, Romanian Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitalization, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (Alemania), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. H2020, University of Aberdeen (Reino Unido), Novo Nordisk Foundation, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungria), National Records of Scotland (Reino Unido), Medical Research Council (Reino Unido), Scottish Government (Reino Unido), Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University (Bangladesh), Xiamen University Malaysia (Malasia), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Brasil), Ministero della Salute (Italia), Fondazione IRCCS. Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, King College London, IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo (Italia), Edwards Lifesciences Foundation, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (India), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa (España), Government of Catalonia (España), International Center of Medical Sciences Research (Pakistán), Ain Shams University (Egipto), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - CIBERSAM (Salud Mental), INCLIVA Health Research Institute (España), Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Australian Government, and Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia)
Subjects: Adult, Adolescent, Population, Global Health, Health Services Accessibility, Global Burden of Disease, Health system quality, Young Adult, Nations, Health systems, health care access, Risk Factors, Quality-Adjusted Life Year, Humans, Child, Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, Health-care access, Aged, Quality of Health Care, quality, performance, The Healthcare Access and Quality Index, Risk Factor, Infant, Newborn, Infant, eu-repo/semantics/review [info], Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Health-care quality, Middle Aged, 3141 Health care science, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Indicator, Medical-care, Child, Preschool, Deaths, Amenable mortality, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Age groups, Trends, Human
Abstract: Background: Health-care needs change throughout the life course. It is thus crucial to assess whether health systems provide access to quality health care for all ages. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019), we measured the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index overall and for select age groups in 204 locations from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We distinguished the overall HAQ Index (ages 0-74 years) from scores for select age groups: the young (ages 0-14 years), working (ages 15-64 years), and post-working (ages 65-74 years) groups. For GBD 2019, HAQ Index construction methods were updated to use the arithmetic mean of scaled mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) and risk-standardised death rates (RSDRs) for 32 causes of death that should not occur in the presence of timely, quality health care. Across locations and years, MIRs and RSDRs were scaled from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) separately, putting the HAQ Index on a different relative scale for each age group. We estimated absolute convergence for each group on the basis of whether the HAQ Index grew faster in absolute terms between 1990 and 2019 in countries with lower 1990 HAQ Index scores than countries with higher 1990 HAQ Index scores and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile. SDI is a summary metric of overall development. Findings: Between 1990 and 2019, the HAQ Index increased overall (by 19·6 points, 95% uncertainty interval 17·9-21·3), as well as among the young (22·5, 19·9-24·7), working (17·2, 15·2-19·1), and post-working (15·1, 13·2-17·0) age groups. Large differences in HAQ Index scores were present across SDI levels in 2019, with the overall index ranging from 30·7 (28·6-33·0) on average in low-SDI countries to 83·4 (82·4-84·3) on average in high-SDI countries. Similarly large ranges between low-SDI and high-SDI countries, respectively, were estimated in the HAQ Index for the young (40·4-89·0), working (33·8-82·8), and post-working (30·4-79·1) groups. Absolute convergence in HAQ Index was estimated in the young group only. In contrast, divergence was estimated among the working and post-working groups, driven by slow progress in low-SDI countries. Interpretation: Although major gaps remain across levels of social and economic development, convergence in the young group is an encouraging sign of reduced disparities in health-care access and quality. However, divergence in the working and post-working groups indicates that health-care access and quality is lagging at lower levels of social and economic development. To meet the needs of ageing populations, health systems need to improve health-care access and quality for working-age adults and older populations while continuing to realise gains among the young. O Adetokunboh acknowledges support from Department of Science and Innovation and National Research Foundation. S Afzal acknowledges the institutional support of King Edward Medical University. S Aljunid acknowledges Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, Health Science Centre, Kuwait University for the approval and support to participate in this research project. M Ausloos, C Herteliu, and A Pana acknowledge partial support by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. C Herteliu also acknowledges partial support by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Research Innovation and Digitalization, MCID, project number ID-585-CTR-42-PFE-2021. T Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. B Bikbov acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 703226. Institute of Applied Health Sciences; School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Scotland. The salary for N Ghith is covered by a grant from Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF16OC0021856). V B Gupta acknowledges funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia. V K Gupta acknowledges funding support from National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia. T Joo acknowledges support from the National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary under grant RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00006 (Data-driven Health Division of Health Security National Laboratory). S Vittal Katikireddi acknowledges funding from a NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2), and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). M N Khan acknowledges the support of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Y J Kim acknowledges support from the Research Management Centre Xiamen University Malaysia [XMUMRF/2020-C6/ITCM/0004]. G Lucchetti is a grantee of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Research Productivity - Level 1D. L Mantovani acknowledges support by Italian Ministry of Health Ricerca Corrente - IRCCS Multimedica. M Molokhia acknowledges support by the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Center at Guy’s and St Thomas’ National Health Service Foundation Trust and King’s College London. L Monasta reports support for the present manuscript from the Italian Ministry of Health on project Ricerca Corrente 34/2017 and payments made to the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo. R Moreira acknowledges the CNPQ productivity grant (316607/2021-5). B R Nascimento is partially supported by CNPq (Research Productivity Grant, 312382/2019-7), the Edwards Lifesciences Foundation (Improving the prevention and detection of Heart Valve disease across the Lifespan, 2021), and FAPEMIG (grant APQ-000627-20). J R Padubidri acknowledges Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India for their constant support in conducting research. D Rasella reports financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and State Research Agency through the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023 programme (CEX2018-000806-S), and financial support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the Centres de Recerca de Catalunya programme. U Saeed would like to acknowledge the International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad (44000), Pakistan. A M Samy acknowledges the support from Ain Shams University and the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. U Saeed would like to acknowledge Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal for supporting research activities. R T-S is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Institute of Health Carlos III, CIBERSAM, INCLIVA (PID2021-129099OB-I00). D Vervoort is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship. S B Zaman acknowledges receiving a scholarship from the Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) in support of his academic career. Serbian part of this GBD contribution was co-financed through Grant OI 175 014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of The Republic of Serbia. This work was supported, in whole or in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1152504. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission. Sí
Published: 2022

39. Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10–24 years, 1950–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Ward, J, Azzopardi, P, Francis, K, Santelli, J, Skirbekk, V, Sawyer, S, Kassebaum, N, Mokdad, A, Hay, S, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abdollahi, M, Abedi, A, Abolhassani, H, Abreu, L, Abrigo, M, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abushouk, A, Adebayo, O, Adekanmbi, V, Adham, D, Advani, S, Afshari, K, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Ahmadi, K, Ahmed, A, Aji, B, Akombi-Inyang, B, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Alanezi, F, Alanzi, T, Alcalde-Rabanal, J, Alemu, B, Al-Hajj, S, Alhassan, R, Ali, S, Alicandro, G, Alijanzadeh, M, Aljunid, S, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, N, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Alonso, J, Al-Raddadi, R, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Amini, S, Aminorroaya, A, Amit, A, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, C, Androudi, S, Ansari, F, Ansari, I, Antonio, C, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Appiah, S, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Arnlov, J, Asaad, M, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, A, Atout, M, Ausloos, M, Avenyo, E, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayano, G, Aynalem, Y, Azari, S, Azene, Z, Bakhshaei, M, Bakkannavar, S, Banach, M, Banik, P, Barboza, M, Barker-Collo, S, Barnighausen, T, Basu, S, Baune, B, Bayati, M, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Bekuma, T, Bell, A, Bell, M, Benjet, C, Bensenor, I, Berhe, A, Berhe, K, Berman, A, Bhagavathula, A, Bhardwaj, N, Bhardwaj, P, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Biondi, A, Birhanu, T, Biswas, R, Bohlouli, S, Bolla, S, Boloor, A, Borschmann, R, Boufous, S, Bragazzi, N, Braithwaite, D, Breitborde, N, Brenner, H, Britton, G, Burns, R, Burugina Nagaraja, S, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Camera, L, Campos-Nonato, I, Campuzano Rincon, J, Cardenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, J, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, J, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Castelpietra, G, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, Chandan, J, Chang, H, Chang, J, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chaturvedi, S, Choi, J, Chowdhury, M, Christopher, D, Chu, D, Chung, M, Chung, S, Cicuttini, F, Constantin, T, Costa, V, Dahlawi, S, Dai, H, Dai, X, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Daneshpajouhnejad, P, Darwesh, A, Davila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, De la Hoz, F, De Leo, D, Dervenis, N, Desai, R, Desalew, A, Deuba, K, Dharmaratne, S, Dhungana, G, Dianatinasab, M, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Didarloo, A, Djalalinia, S, Dorostkar, F, Doshi, C, Doshmangir, L, Doyle, K, Duraes, A, Ebrahimi Kalan, M, Ebtehaj, S, Edvardsson, D, El Tantawi, M, Elgendy, I, El-Jaafary, S, Elsharkawy, A, Eshrati, B, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilnejad, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Esteghamati, S, Faro, A, Farzadfar, F, Fattahi, N, Feigin, V, Ferede, T, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, J, Foigt, N, Folayan, M, Fomenkov, A, Foroutan, M, Fukumoto, T, Gad, M, Gaidhane, A, Gallus, S, Gebre, T, Gebremedhin, K, Gebremeskel, G, Gebremeskel, L, Gebreslassie, A, Gesesew, H, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghamari, F, Ghashghaee, A, Gilani, S, Gnedovskaya, E, Godinho, M, Golechha, M, Goli, S, Gona, P, Gopalani, S, Gorini, G, Grivna, M, Gubari, M, Gugnani, H, Guimaraes, R, Guo, Y, 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B., Zamani M., Zamanian M., Zarafshan H., Zarei A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Y., Zhang Z. -J., Zhao X. -J. G., Zhu C., Patton G. C., and Viner R. M.
Abstract: Background: Documentation of patterns and long-term trends in mortality in young people, which reflect huge changes in demographic and social determinants of adolescent health, enables identification of global investment priorities for this age group. We aimed to analyse data on the number of deaths, years of life lost, and mortality rates by sex and age group in people aged 10–24 years in 204 countries and territories from 1950 to 2019 by use of estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods: We report trends in estimated total numbers of deaths and mortality rate per 100 000 population in young people aged 10–24 years by age group (10–14 years, 15–19 years, and 20–24 years) and sex in 204 countries and territories between 1950 and 2019 for all causes, and between 1980 and 2019 by cause of death. We analyse variation in outcomes by region, age group, and sex, and compare annual rate of change in mortality in young people aged 10–24 years with that in children aged 0–9 years from 1990 to 2019. We then analyse the association between mortality in people aged 10–24 years and socioeconomic development using the GBD Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite measure based on average national educational attainment in people older than 15 years, total fertility rate in people younger than 25 years, and income per capita. We assess the association between SDI and all-cause mortality in 2019, and analyse the ratio of observed to expected mortality by SDI using the most recent available data release (2017). Findings: In 2019 there were 1·49 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 1·39–1·59) worldwide in people aged 10–24 years, of which 61% occurred in males. 32·7% of all adolescent deaths were due to transport injuries, unintentional injuries, or interpersonal violence and conflict; 32·1% were due to communicable, nutritional, or maternal causes; 27·0% were due to non-communicable diseases; and 8·2% were due to self-harm
Published: 2021

40. Automated identification of leukocyte subsets improves standardization of database-guided expert-supervised diagnostic orientation in acute leukemia: a EuroFlow study

Author: Lhermitte, L, Barreau, S, Morf, D, Fernandez, P, Grigore, G, Barrena, S, de Bie, M, Flores-Montero, J, Bruggemann, M, Mejstrikova, E, Nierkens, S, Burgos, L, Caetano, J, Gaipa, G, Buracchi, C, da Costa, E, Sedek, L, Szczepanski, T, Aanei, C, van der Sluijs-Gelling, A, Delgado, A, Fluxa, R, Lecrevisse, Q, Pedreira, C, van Dongen, J, Orfao, A, van der Velden, V, Bitter, W, Lubbers, B, Teodosio, C, Zlei, M, de Bie, F, de Bruin-Versteeg, S, van der Burg, M, Schilham, M, Langerak, A, te Marvelde, J, Bras, A, Schilperoord-Vermeulen, J, Jugooa, R, Heezen, K, Almeida, J, Vidriales, M, Perez-Andres, M, Matarraz, S, Martin, L, Perez-Moran, J, Puig, N, Almeida, A, Gomes da Silva, M, Faria, T, Ritgen, M, Szczepanowski, M, Kohlscheen, S, Laqua, A, Harbst, E, Finke, J, Asnafi, V, Duroyon, E, Trka, J, Hrusak, O, Kalina, T, Novakova, M, Thurner, D, Kanderova, V, Bulsa, J, Slota, L, Kulis, J, de Jong, A, de Koning, A, Lima, M, Santos, A, Bottcher, S, Lange, S, Engelmann, R, Paape, D, Machka, C, Burracchi, C, Bugarin, C, Lopez-Granados, E, del Pino Molina, L, Campos-Guyotat, L, Miguel, J, Paiva, B, Villamor-Casas, N, Magnano, L, Philippe, J, Bonroy, C, Denys, B, Willems, A, Breughe, P, de Wolf, J, Sousa, A, Silva, S, Lhermitte L., Barreau S., Morf D., Fernandez P., Grigore G., Barrena S., de Bie M., Flores-Montero J., Bruggemann M., Mejstrikova E., Nierkens S., Burgos L., Caetano J., Gaipa G., Buracchi C., da Costa E. S., Sedek L., Szczepanski T., Aanei C. -M., van der Sluijs-Gelling A., Delgado A. H., Fluxa R., Lecrevisse Q., Pedreira C. E., van Dongen J. J. M., Orfao A., van der Velden V. H. J., Bitter W. M., Lubbers B. R., Teodosio C. I., Zlei M., van der Sluijs-Gelling A. J., de Bie F., de Bruin-Versteeg S., van der Burg M., Schilham M. W., Langerak A. W., te Marvelde J., Bras A. E., Schilperoord-Vermeulen J., Jugooa R., Heezen K. C., Almeida J., Vidriales M. B., Perez-Andres M., Matarraz S., Martin L., Perez-Moran J. J., Puig N., Almeida A. M., Gomes da Silva M., Faria T., Ritgen M., Szczepanowski M., Kohlscheen S., Laqua A., Harbst E., Finke J., Asnafi V., Duroyon E., Trka J., Hrusak O., Kalina T., Novakova M., Thurner D., Kanderova V., Bulsa J., Slota L., Kulis J., de Jong A., de Koning A., Lima M., Santos A. H., Bottcher S., Lange S., Engelmann R., Paape D., Machka C., Burracchi C., Bugarin C., Lopez-Granados E., del Pino Molina L., Campos-Guyotat L., Aanei C., Miguel J. F. S., Paiva B., Villamor-Casas N., Magnano L., Philippe J., Bonroy C., Denys B., Willems A., Breughe P., de Wolf J., Sousa A. E., Silva S. L., Lhermitte, L, Barreau, S, Morf, D, Fernandez, P, Grigore, G, Barrena, S, de Bie, M, Flores-Montero, J, Bruggemann, M, Mejstrikova, E, Nierkens, S, Burgos, L, Caetano, J, Gaipa, G, Buracchi, C, da Costa, E, Sedek, L, Szczepanski, T, Aanei, C, van der Sluijs-Gelling, A, Delgado, A, Fluxa, R, Lecrevisse, Q, Pedreira, C, van Dongen, J, Orfao, A, van der Velden, V, Bitter, W, Lubbers, B, Teodosio, C, Zlei, M, de Bie, F, de Bruin-Versteeg, S, van der Burg, M, Schilham, M, Langerak, A, te Marvelde, J, Bras, A, Schilperoord-Vermeulen, J, Jugooa, R, Heezen, K, Almeida, J, Vidriales, M, Perez-Andres, M, Matarraz, S, Martin, L, Perez-Moran, J, Puig, N, Almeida, A, Gomes da Silva, M, Faria, T, Ritgen, M, Szczepanowski, M, Kohlscheen, S, Laqua, A, Harbst, E, Finke, J, Asnafi, V, Duroyon, E, Trka, J, Hrusak, O, Kalina, T, Novakova, M, Thurner, D, Kanderova, V, Bulsa, J, Slota, L, Kulis, J, de Jong, A, de Koning, A, Lima, M, Santos, A, Bottcher, S, Lange, S, Engelmann, R, Paape, D, Machka, C, Burracchi, C, Bugarin, C, Lopez-Granados, E, del Pino Molina, L, Campos-Guyotat, L, Miguel, J, Paiva, B, Villamor-Casas, N, Magnano, L, Philippe, J, Bonroy, C, Denys, B, Willems, A, Breughe, P, de Wolf, J, Sousa, A, Silva, S, Lhermitte L., Barreau S., Morf D., Fernandez P., Grigore G., Barrena S., de Bie M., Flores-Montero J., Bruggemann M., Mejstrikova E., Nierkens S., Burgos L., Caetano J., Gaipa G., Buracchi C., da Costa E. S., Sedek L., Szczepanski T., Aanei C. -M., van der Sluijs-Gelling A., Delgado A. H., Fluxa R., Lecrevisse Q., Pedreira C. E., van Dongen J. J. M., Orfao A., van der Velden V. H. J., Bitter W. M., Lubbers B. R., Teodosio C. I., Zlei M., van der Sluijs-Gelling A. J., de Bie F., de Bruin-Versteeg S., van der Burg M., Schilham M. W., Langerak A. W., te Marvelde J., Bras A. E., Schilperoord-Vermeulen J., Jugooa R., Heezen K. C., Almeida J., Vidriales M. B., Perez-Andres M., Matarraz S., Martin L., Perez-Moran J. J., Puig N., Almeida A. M., Gomes da Silva M., Faria T., Ritgen M., Szczepanowski M., Kohlscheen S., Laqua A., Harbst E., Finke J., Asnafi V., Duroyon E., Trka J., Hrusak O., Kalina T., Novakova M., Thurner D., Kanderova V., Bulsa J., Slota L., Kulis J., de Jong A., de Koning A., Lima M., Santos A. H., Bottcher S., Lange S., Engelmann R., Paape D., Machka C., Burracchi C., Bugarin C., Lopez-Granados E., del Pino Molina L., Campos-Guyotat L., Aanei C., Miguel J. F. S., Paiva B., Villamor-Casas N., Magnano L., Philippe J., Bonroy C., Denys B., Willems A., Breughe P., de Wolf J., Sousa A. E., and Silva S. L.
Abstract: Precise classification of acute leukemia (AL) is crucial for adequate treatment. EuroFlow has previously designed an AL orientation tube (ALOT) to guide toward the relevant classification panel and final diagnosis. In this study, we designed and validated an algorithm for automated (database-supported) gating and identification (AGI tool) of cell subsets within samples stained with ALOT. A reference database of normal peripheral blood (PB, n = 41) and bone marrow (BM; n = 45) samples analyzed with the ALOT was constructed, and served as a reference for the AGI tool to automatically identify normal cells. Populations not unequivocally identified as normal cells were labeled as checks and were classified by an expert. Additional normal BM (n = 25) and PB (n = 43) and leukemic samples (n = 109), analyzed in parallel by experts and the AGI tool, were used to evaluate the AGI tool. Analysis of normal PB and BM samples showed low percentages of checks (<3% in PB, <10% in BM), with variations between different laboratories. Manual analysis and AGI analysis of normal and leukemic samples showed high levels of correlation between cell numbers (r2 > 0.95 for all cell types in PB and r2 > 0.75 in BM) and resulted in highly concordant classification of leukemic cells by our previously published automated database-guided expert-supervised orientation tool for immunophenotypic diagnosis and classification of acute leukemia (Compass tool). Similar data were obtained using alternative, commercially available tubes, confirming the robustness of the developed tools. The AGI tool represents an innovative step in minimizing human intervention and requirements in expertise, toward a “sample-in and result-out” approach which may result in more objective and reproducible data analysis and diagnostics. The AGI tool may improve quality of immunophenotyping in individual laboratories, since high percentages of checks in normal samples are an alert on the quality of the internal p
Published: 2021

41. Apricot micropropagation

Author: Pérez-Tornero, O., Burgos, L., Jain, S. Mohan, editor, and Häggman, H., editor
Published: 2007
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42. The Role of Histone Modifications in Epigenetic Transitions During Normal and Perturbed Development

Author: Kubicek, S., Schotta, G., Lachner, M., Sengupta, R., Kohlmaier, A., Perez-Burgos, L., Linderson, Y., Martens, J. H. A., O’Sullivan, R. J., Fodor, B. D., Yonezawa, M., Peters, A. H. F. M., Jenuwein, T., Stock, G., editor, Lessl, M., editor, Berger, S. L., editor, Nakanishi, O., editor, and Haendler, B., editor
Published: 2006
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43. Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase and Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase improve seed germination, plant growth, nutrient uptake and drought tolerance in tobacco

Author: Faize, M., Nicolás, E., Faize, L., Díaz-Vivancos, P., Burgos, L., and Hernández, J. A.
Published: 2015
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44. Geotechnical Analysis for Narrow Vein Mining Using MineRoc® Software

Author: Vallejos, J. A., additional, Miranda, R., additional, Marambio, E., additional, Burgos, L., additional, Sanhueza, G., additional, Barberan, A., additional, and Cepeda, E., additional
Published: 2022
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45. P1593: IMMUNE BIOMARKERS TO PREDICT SARS-COV-2 VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES

Author: Tamariz-Amador, L.-E., primary, Battaglia, A. M., additional, Maia, C., additional, Zherniakova, A., additional, Guerrero, C., additional, Zabaleta, A., additional, Burgos, L., additional, Botta, C., additional, Fortuño, M.-A., additional, Alignani, D., additional, Blanco, L., additional, Grande, C., additional, Manubens, A., additional, Arguiñano, J.-M., additional, Gomez, C., additional, Perez-Persona, E., additional, Olazabal, I., additional, Oiartzabal, I., additional, Panizo, C., additional, Prosper, F., additional, San Miguel, J. F., additional, Rodriguez-Otero, P., additional, Martín-Sánchez, E., additional, Paiva, B., additional, and ASOVASNA, A. V.-N. H.-H., additional
Published: 2022
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46. Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019: Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Author: Roth, G, Mensah, G, Johnson, C, Addolorato, G, Ammirati, E, Baddour, L, Barengo, N, Beaton, A, Benjamin, E, Benziger, C, Bonny, A, Brauer, M, Brodmann, M, Cahill, T, Carapetis, J, Catapano, A, Chugh, S, Cooper, L, Coresh, J, Criqui, M, Decleene, N, Eagle, K, Emmons-Bell, S, Feigin, V, Fernandez-Sola, J, Fowkes, G, Gakidou, E, Grundy, S, He, F, Howard, G, Hu, F, Inker, L, Karthikeyan, G, Kassebaum, N, Koroshetz, W, Lavie, C, Lloyd-Jones, D, Lu, H, Mirijello, A, Temesgen, A, Mokdad, A, Moran, A, Muntner, P, Narula, J, Neal, B, Ntsekhe, M, Moraes de Oliveira, G, Otto, C, Owolabi, M, Pratt, M, Rajagopalan, S, Reitsma, M, Ribeiro, A, Rigotti, N, Rodgers, A, Sable, C, Shakil, S, Sliwa-Hahnle, K, Stark, B, Sundstrom, J, Timpel, P, Tleyjeh, I, Valgimigli, M, Vos, T, Whelton, P, Yacoub, M, Zuhlke, L, Murray, C, Fuster, V, Fowkes, F, Misganaw, A, Oliveira, G, Sliwa, K, Abbasi-Kangevari, M, Abdi, A, Abedi, A, Aboyans, V, Abrha, W, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Abushouk, A, Acharya, D, Adair, T, Adebayo, O, Ademi, Z, Advani, S, Afshari, K, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agasthi, P, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, M, Aji, B, Akalu, Y, Akande-Sholabi, W, Aklilu, A, Akunna, C, Alahdab, F, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alhabib, K, Alif, S, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alla, F, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Amegah, A, Amini, S, Aminorroaya, A, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, T, Andrei, C, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anteneh, Z, Antonazzo, I, Antony, B, Anwer, R, Appiah, L, Arabloo, J, Arnlov, J, Artanti, K, Ataro, Z, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awan, A, Awoke, M, Ayele, H, Ayza, M, Azari, S, B, D, Baheiraei, N, Baig, A, Bakhtiari, A, Banach, M, Banik, P, Baptista, E, Barboza, M, Barua, L, Basu, S, Bedi, N, Bejot, Y, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berman, A, Bezabih, Y, Bhagavathula, A, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Birhanu, M, Boloor, A, Brant, L, Brenner, H, Briko, N, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cahill, L, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Campos-Nonato, I, Cantu-Brito, C, Car, J, Carrero, J, Carvalho, F, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chen, S, Chin, K, Choi, J, Chu, D, Chung, S, Cirillo, M, Coffey, S, Conti, S, Costa, V, Cundiff, D, Dadras, O, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Damasceno, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Davletov, K, De la Cruz-Gongora, V, De la Hoz, F, De Neve, J, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Derbew Molla, M, Derseh, B, Desai, R, Deuschl, G, Dharmaratne, S, Dhimal, M, Dhungana, R, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Dokova, K, Douiri, A, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Eagan, A, Ebtehaj, S, Eftekhari, A, Eftekharzadeh, S, Ekholuenetale, M, El Nahas, N, Elgendy, I, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Esteghamati, S, Etisso, A, Eyawo, O, Fadhil, I, Faraon, E, Faris, P, Farwati, M, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, E, Fernandez Prendes, C, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Flood, D, Fukumoto, T, Gad, M, Gaidhane, S, Ganji, M, Garg, J, Gebre, A, Gebregiorgis, B, Gebregzabiher, K, Gebremeskel, G, Getacher, L, Obsa, A, Ghajar, A, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Giampaoli, S, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Gillum, R, Glushkova, E, Gnedovskaya, E, Golechha, M, Gonfa, K, Goudarzian, A, Goulart, A, Guadamuz, J, Guha, A, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Hachinski, V, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haile, T, Hamadeh, R, Hamidi, S, Hankey, G, Hargono, A, Hartono, R, Hashemian, M, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassen, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Herteliu, C, Holla, R, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Huang, J, Humayun, A, Iavicoli, I, Ibeneme, C, Ibitoye, S, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Islam, S, Islam, R, Iso, H, Iwagami, M, Jain, V, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Jayawardena, R, Jeemon, P, Jha, R, Jonas, J, Jonnagaddala, J, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kahlon, T, Kalani, R, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamel, I, Kandel, H, Kandel, A, Karch, A, Kasa, A, Katoto, P, Kayode, G, Khader, Y, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khan, E, Khatab, K, Kibria, G, Kim, Y, Kim, G, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kivimaki, M, Kolte, D, Koolivand, A, Korshunov, V, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, V, Kuate Defo, B, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kurmi, O, Kusuma, D, Kwan, G, La Vecchia, C, Lacey, B, Lallukka, T, Lan, Q, Lasrado, S, Lassi, Z, Lauriola, P, Lawrence, W, Laxmaiah, A, Legrand, K, Li, M, Li, B, Li, S, Lim, S, Lim, L, Lin, H, Lin, Z, Lin, R, Liu, X, Lopez, A, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lugo, A, M, N, Madotto, F, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Mamun, A, Manafi, N, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martini, S, Mathur, M, Mazzaglia, G, Mehata, S, Mehndiratta, M, Meier, T, Menezes, R, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Miller, T, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, H, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammad, Y, Mohammad, D, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, M, Mokhayeri, Y, Molokhia, M, Montasir, A, Moradi, G, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Moreno Velasquez, I, Morze, J, Mubarik, S, Muruet, W, Musa, K, 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A., Mensah G. A., Johnson C. O., Addolorato G., Ammirati E., Baddour L. M., Barengo N. C., Beaton A. Z., Benjamin E. J., Benziger C. P., Bonny A., Brauer M., Brodmann M., Cahill T. J., Carapetis J., Catapano A. L., Chugh S. S., Cooper L. T., Coresh J., Criqui M., DeCleene N., Eagle K. A., Emmons-Bell S., Feigin V. L., Fernandez-Sola J., Fowkes G., Gakidou E., Grundy S. M., He F. J., Howard G., Hu F., Inker L., Karthikeyan G., Kassebaum N., Koroshetz W., Lavie C., Lloyd-Jones D., Lu H. S., Mirijello A., Temesgen A. M., Mokdad A., Moran A. E., Muntner P., Narula J., Neal B., Ntsekhe M., Moraes de Oliveira G., Otto C., Owolabi M., Pratt M., Rajagopalan S., Reitsma M., Ribeiro A. L. P., Rigotti N., Rodgers A., Sable C., Shakil S., Sliwa-Hahnle K., Stark B., Sundstrom J., Timpel P., Tleyjeh I. M., Valgimigli M., Vos T., Whelton P. K., Yacoub M., Zuhlke L., Murray C., Fuster V., Beaton A., Carapetis J. R., Chugh S., Criqui M. H., DeCleene N. K., Fowkes F. G. R., Kassebaum N. J., Koroshetz W. J., Misganaw A. T., Mokdad A. H., Oliveira G. M. M., Otto C. M., Owolabi M. O., Reitsma M. B., Rigotti N. A., Sable C. A., Shakil S. S., Sliwa K., Stark B. A., Tleyjeh I. I., Zuhlke L. J., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abdi A., Abedi A., Aboyans V., Abrha W. A., Abu-Gharbieh E., Abushouk A. I., Acharya D., Adair T., Adebayo O. M., Ademi Z., Advani S. M., Afshari K., Afshin A., Agarwal G., Agasthi P., Ahmad S., Ahmadi S., Ahmed M. B., Aji B., Akalu Y., Akande-Sholabi W., Aklilu A., Akunna C. J., Alahdab F., Al-Eyadhy A., Alhabib K. F., Alif S. M., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Alla F., Almasi-Hashiani A., Almustanyir S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Amegah A. K., Amini S., Aminorroaya A., Amu H., Amugsi D. A., Ancuceanu R., Anderlini D., Andrei T., Andrei C. L., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Anteneh Z. A., Antonazzo I. C., Antony B., Anwer R., Appiah L. T., Arabloo J., Arnlov J., Artanti K. D., Ataro Z., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Awan A. T., Awoke M. A., Ayele H. T., Ayza M. A., Azari S., B D. B., Baheiraei N., Baig A. A., Bakhtiari A., Banach M., Banik P. C., Baptista E. A., Barboza M. A., Barua L., Basu S., Bedi N., Bejot Y., Bennett D. A., Bensenor I. M., Berman A. E., Bezabih Y. M., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhaskar S., Bhattacharyya K., Bijani A., Bikbov B., Birhanu M. M., Boloor A., Brant L. C., Brenner H., Briko N. I., Butt Z. A., Caetano dos Santos F. L., Cahill L. E., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Camera L. A., Campos-Nonato I. R., Cantu-Brito C., Car J., Carrero J. J., Carvalho F., Castaneda-Orjuela C. A., Catala-Lopez F., Cerin E., Charan J., Chattu V. K., Chen S., Chin K. L., Choi J. -Y. J., Chu D. -T., Chung S. -C., Cirillo M., Coffey S., Conti S., Costa V. M., Cundiff D. K., Dadras O., Dagnew B., Dai X., Damasceno A. A. M., Dandona L., Dandona R., Davletov K., De la Cruz-Gongora V., De la Hoz F. P., De Neve J. -W., Denova-Gutierrez E., Derbew Molla M., Derseh B. T., Desai R., Deuschl G., Dharmaratne S. D., Dhimal M., Dhungana R. R., Dianatinasab M., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Dokova K., Douiri A., Duncan B. B., Duraes A. R., Eagan A. W., Ebtehaj S., Eftekhari A., Eftekharzadeh S., Ekholuenetale M., El Nahas N., Elgendy I. Y., Elhadi M., El-Jaafary S. I., Esteghamati S., Etisso A. E., Eyawo O., Fadhil I., Faraon E. J. A., Faris P. S., Farwati M., Farzadfar F., Fernandes E., Fernandez Prendes C., Ferrara P., Filip I., Fischer F., Flood D., Fukumoto T., Gad M. M., Gaidhane S., Ganji M., Garg J., Gebre A. K., Gebregiorgis B. G., Gebregzabiher K. Z., Gebremeskel G. G., Getacher L., Obsa A. G., Ghajar A., Ghashghaee A., Ghith N., Giampaoli S., Gilani S. A., Gill P. S., Gillum R. F., Glushkova E. V., Gnedovskaya E. V., Golechha M., Gonfa K. B., Goudarzian A. H., Goulart A. C., Guadamuz J. S., Guha A., Guo Y., Gupta R., Hachinski V., Hafezi-Nejad N., Haile T. G., Hamadeh R. R., Hamidi S., Hankey G. J., Hargono A., Hartono R. K., Hashemian M., Hashi A., Hassan S., Hassen H. Y., Havmoeller R. J., Hay S. I., Hayat K., Heidari G., Herteliu C., Holla R., Hosseini M., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc M., Hostiuc S., Househ M., Huang J., Humayun A., Iavicoli I., Ibeneme C. U., Ibitoye S. E., Ilesanmi O. S., Ilic I. M., Ilic M. D., Iqbal U., Irvani S. S. N., Islam S. M. S., Islam R. M., Iso H., Iwagami M., Jain V., Javaheri T., Jayapal S. K., Jayaram S., Jayawardena R., Jeemon P., Jha R. P., Jonas J. B., Jonnagaddala J., Joukar F., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kabir A., Kahlon T., Kalani R., Kalhor R., Kamath A., Kamel I., Kandel H., Kandel A., Karch A., Kasa A. S., Katoto P. D. M. C., Kayode G. A., Khader Y. S., Khammarnia M., Khan M. S., Khan M. N., Khan M., Khan E. A., Khatab K., Kibria G. M. A., Kim Y. J., Kim G. R., Kimokoti R. W., Kisa S., Kisa A., Kivimaki M., Kolte D., Koolivand A., Korshunov V. A., Koulmane Laxminarayana S. L., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Krishnamoorthy V., Kuate Defo B., Kucuk Bicer B., Kulkarni V., Kumar G. A., Kumar N., Kurmi O. P., Kusuma D., Kwan G. F., La Vecchia C., Lacey B., Lallukka T., Lan Q., Lasrado S., Lassi Z. S., Lauriola P., Lawrence W. R., Laxmaiah A., LeGrand K. E., Li M. -C., Li B., Li S., Lim S. S., Lim L. -L., Lin H., Lin Z., Lin R. -T., Liu X., Lopez A. D., Lorkowski S., Lotufo P. A., Lugo A., M N. K., Madotto F., Mahmoudi M., Majeed A., Malekzadeh R., Malik A. A., Mamun A. A., Manafi N., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martini S., Mathur M. R., Mazzaglia G., Mehata S., Mehndiratta M. M., Meier T., Menezes R. G., Meretoja A., Mestrovic T., Miazgowski B., Miazgowski T., Michalek I. M., Miller T. R., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirzaei H., Moazen B., Moghadaszadeh M., Mohammad Y., Mohammad D. K., Mohammed S., Mohammed M. A., Mokhayeri Y., Molokhia M., Montasir A. A., Moradi G., Moradzadeh R., Moraga P., Morawska L., Moreno Velasquez I., Morze J., Mubarik S., Muruet W., Musa K. I., Nagarajan A. J., Nalini M., Nangia V., Naqvi A. A., Narasimha Swamy S., Nascimento B. R., Nayak V. C., Nazari J., Nazarzadeh M., Negoi R. I., Neupane Kandel S., Nguyen H. L. T., Nixon M. R., Norrving B., Noubiap J. J., Nouthe B. E., Nowak C., Odukoya O. O., Ogbo F. A., Olagunju A. T., Orru H., Ortiz A., Ostroff S. M., Padubidri J. R., Palladino R., Pana A., Panda-Jonas S., Parekh U., Park E. -C., Parvizi M., Pashazadeh Kan F., Patel U. K., Pathak M., Paudel R., Pepito V. C. F., Perianayagam A., Perico N., Pham H. Q., Pilgrim T., Piradov M. A., Pishgar F., Podder V., Polibin R. V., Pourshams A., Pribadi D. R. A., Rabiee N., Rabiee M., Radfar A., Rafiei A., Rahim F., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Ur Rahman M. H., Rahman M. A., Rahmani A. M., Rakovac I., Ram P., Ramalingam S., Rana J., Ranasinghe P., Rao S. J., Rathi P., Rawal L., Rawasia W. F., Rawassizadeh R., Remuzzi G., Renzaho A. M. N., Rezapour A., Riahi S. M., Roberts-Thomson R. L., Roever L., Rohloff P., Romoli M., Roshandel G., Rwegerera G. M., Saadatagah S., Saber-Ayad M. M., Sabour S., Sacco S., Sadeghi M., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Safari S., Sahebkar A., Salehi S., Salimzadeh H., Samaei M., Samy A. M., Santos I. S., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sarrafzadegan N., Sarveazad A., Sathish T., Sawhney M., Saylan M., Schmidt M. I., Schutte A. E., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Sha F., Shahabi S., Shahid I., Shaikh M. A., Shamali M., Shamsizadeh M., Shawon M. S. R., Sheikh A., Shigematsu M., Shin M. -J., Shin J. I., Shiri R., Shiue I., Shuval K., Siabani S., Siddiqi T. J., Silva D. A. S., Singh J. A., Mtech A. S., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Soheili A., Spurlock E. E., Stockfelt L., Stortecky S., Stranges S., Suliankatchi Abdulkader R., Tadbiri H., Tadesse E. G., Tadesse D. B., Tajdini M., Tariqujjaman M., Teklehaimanot B. F., Temsah M. -H., Tesema A. K., Thakur B., Thankappan K. R., Thapar R., Thrift A. G., Timalsina B., Tonelli M., Touvier M., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tripathi A., Tripathy J. P., Truelsen T. C., Tsegay G. M., Tsegaye G. W., Tsilimparis N., Tusa B. S., Tyrovolas S., Umapathi K. K., Unim B., Unnikrishnan B., Usman M. S., Vaduganathan M., Valdez P. R., Vasankari T. J., Velazquez D. Z., Venketasubramanian N., Vu G. T., Vujcic I. S., Waheed Y., Wang Y., Wang F., Wei J., Weintraub R. G., Weldemariam A. H., Westerman R., Winkler A. S., Wiysonge C. S., Wolfe C. D. A., Wubishet B. L., Xu G., Yadollahpour A., Yamagishi K., Yan L. L., Yandrapalli S., Yano Y., Yatsuya H., Yeheyis T. Y., Yeshaw Y., Yilgwan C. S., Yonemoto N., Yu C., Yusefzadeh H., Zachariah G., Zaman S. B., Zaman M. S., Zamanian M., Zand R., Zandifar A., Zarghi A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zastrozhina A., Zhang Z. -J., Zhang Y., Zhang W., Zhong C., Zou Z., Zuniga Y. M. H., Murray C. J. 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O, Ademi, Z, Advani, S, Afshari, K, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agasthi, P, Ahmad, S, Ahmadi, S, Ahmed, M, Aji, B, Akalu, Y, Akande-Sholabi, W, Aklilu, A, Akunna, C, Alahdab, F, Al-Eyadhy, A, Alhabib, K, Alif, S, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alla, F, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almustanyir, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Amegah, A, Amini, S, Aminorroaya, A, Amu, H, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, T, Andrei, C, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Anteneh, Z, Antonazzo, I, Antony, B, Anwer, R, Appiah, L, Arabloo, J, Arnlov, J, Artanti, K, Ataro, Z, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Awan, A, Awoke, M, Ayele, H, Ayza, M, Azari, S, B, D, Baheiraei, N, Baig, A, Bakhtiari, A, Banach, M, Banik, P, Baptista, E, Barboza, M, Barua, L, Basu, S, Bedi, N, Bejot, Y, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berman, A, Bezabih, Y, Bhagavathula, A, Bhaskar, S, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Birhanu, M, Boloor, A, Brant, L, Brenner, H, Briko, N, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cahill, L, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Campos-Nonato, I, Cantu-Brito, C, Car, J, Carrero, J, Carvalho, F, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chen, S, Chin, K, Choi, J, Chu, D, Chung, S, Cirillo, M, Coffey, S, Conti, S, Costa, V, Cundiff, D, Dadras, O, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Damasceno, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Davletov, K, De la Cruz-Gongora, V, De la Hoz, F, De Neve, J, Denova-Gutierrez, E, Derbew Molla, M, Derseh, B, Desai, R, Deuschl, G, Dharmaratne, S, Dhimal, M, Dhungana, R, Dianatinasab, M, Diaz, D, Djalalinia, S, Dokova, K, Douiri, A, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Eagan, A, Ebtehaj, S, Eftekhari, A, Eftekharzadeh, S, Ekholuenetale, M, El Nahas, N, Elgendy, I, Elhadi, M, El-Jaafary, S, Esteghamati, S, Etisso, A, Eyawo, O, Fadhil, I, Faraon, E, Faris, P, Farwati, M, Farzadfar, F, Fernandes, E, Fernandez Prendes, C, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Flood, D, Fukumoto, T, Gad, M, Gaidhane, S, Ganji, M, Garg, J, Gebre, A, Gebregiorgis, B, Gebregzabiher, K, Gebremeskel, G, Getacher, L, Obsa, A, Ghajar, A, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Giampaoli, S, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Gillum, R, Glushkova, E, Gnedovskaya, E, Golechha, M, Gonfa, K, Goudarzian, A, Goulart, A, Guadamuz, J, Guha, A, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Hachinski, V, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Haile, T, Hamadeh, R, Hamidi, S, Hankey, G, Hargono, A, Hartono, R, Hashemian, M, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassen, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Herteliu, C, Holla, R, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Huang, J, Humayun, A, Iavicoli, I, Ibeneme, C, Ibitoye, S, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Islam, S, Islam, R, Iso, H, Iwagami, M, Jain, V, Javaheri, T, Jayapal, S, Jayaram, S, Jayawardena, R, Jeemon, P, Jha, R, Jonas, J, Jonnagaddala, J, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kabir, A, Kahlon, T, Kalani, R, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kamel, I, Kandel, H, Kandel, A, Karch, A, Kasa, A, Katoto, P, Kayode, G, Khader, Y, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khan, E, Khatab, K, Kibria, G, Kim, Y, Kim, G, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kivimaki, M, Kolte, D, Koolivand, A, Korshunov, V, Koulmane Laxminarayana, S, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krishnamoorthy, V, Kuate Defo, B, Kucuk Bicer, B, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kurmi, O, Kusuma, D, Kwan, G, La Vecchia, C, Lacey, B, Lallukka, T, Lan, Q, Lasrado, S, Lassi, Z, Lauriola, P, Lawrence, W, Laxmaiah, A, Legrand, K, Li, M, Li, B, Li, S, Lim, S, Lim, L, Lin, H, Lin, Z, Lin, R, Liu, X, Lopez, A, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Lugo, A, M, N, Madotto, F, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malik, A, Mamun, A, Manafi, N, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martini, S, Mathur, M, Mazzaglia, G, Mehata, S, Mehndiratta, M, Meier, T, Menezes, R, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Miazgowski, T, Michalek, I, Miller, T, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, H, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohammad, Y, Mohammad, D, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, M, Mokhayeri, Y, Molokhia, M, Montasir, A, Moradi, G, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morawska, L, Moreno Velasquez, I, Morze, J, Mubarik, S, Muruet, W, Musa, K, 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A., Mensah G. A., Johnson C. O., Addolorato G., Ammirati E., Baddour L. M., Barengo N. C., Beaton A. Z., Benjamin E. J., Benziger C. P., Bonny A., Brauer M., Brodmann M., Cahill T. J., Carapetis J., Catapano A. L., Chugh S. S., Cooper L. T., Coresh J., Criqui M., DeCleene N., Eagle K. A., Emmons-Bell S., Feigin V. L., Fernandez-Sola J., Fowkes G., Gakidou E., Grundy S. M., He F. J., Howard G., Hu F., Inker L., Karthikeyan G., Kassebaum N., Koroshetz W., Lavie C., Lloyd-Jones D., Lu H. S., Mirijello A., Temesgen A. M., Mokdad A., Moran A. E., Muntner P., Narula J., Neal B., Ntsekhe M., Moraes de Oliveira G., Otto C., Owolabi M., Pratt M., Rajagopalan S., Reitsma M., Ribeiro A. L. P., Rigotti N., Rodgers A., Sable C., Shakil S., Sliwa-Hahnle K., Stark B., Sundstrom J., Timpel P., Tleyjeh I. M., Valgimigli M., Vos T., Whelton P. K., Yacoub M., Zuhlke L., Murray C., Fuster V., Beaton A., Carapetis J. R., Chugh S., Criqui M. H., DeCleene N. K., Fowkes F. G. R., Kassebaum N. J., Koroshetz W. J., Misganaw A. T., Mokdad A. H., Oliveira G. M. M., Otto C. M., Owolabi M. O., Reitsma M. B., Rigotti N. A., Sable C. A., Shakil S. S., Sliwa K., Stark B. A., Tleyjeh I. I., Zuhlke L. J., Abbasi-Kangevari M., Abdi A., Abedi A., Aboyans V., Abrha W. A., Abu-Gharbieh E., Abushouk A. I., Acharya D., Adair T., Adebayo O. M., Ademi Z., Advani S. M., Afshari K., Afshin A., Agarwal G., Agasthi P., Ahmad S., Ahmadi S., Ahmed M. B., Aji B., Akalu Y., Akande-Sholabi W., Aklilu A., Akunna C. J., Alahdab F., Al-Eyadhy A., Alhabib K. F., Alif S. M., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Alla F., Almasi-Hashiani A., Almustanyir S., Al-Raddadi R. M., Amegah A. K., Amini S., Aminorroaya A., Amu H., Amugsi D. A., Ancuceanu R., Anderlini D., Andrei T., Andrei C. L., Ansari-Moghaddam A., Anteneh Z. A., Antonazzo I. C., Antony B., Anwer R., Appiah L. T., Arabloo J., Arnlov J., Artanti K. D., Ataro Z., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Awan A. T., Awoke M. A., Ayele H. T., Ayza M. A., Azari S., B D. B., Baheiraei N., Baig A. A., Bakhtiari A., Banach M., Banik P. C., Baptista E. A., Barboza M. A., Barua L., Basu S., Bedi N., Bejot Y., Bennett D. A., Bensenor I. M., Berman A. E., Bezabih Y. M., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhaskar S., Bhattacharyya K., Bijani A., Bikbov B., Birhanu M. M., Boloor A., Brant L. C., Brenner H., Briko N. I., Butt Z. A., Caetano dos Santos F. L., Cahill L. E., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Camera L. A., Campos-Nonato I. R., Cantu-Brito C., Car J., Carrero J. J., Carvalho F., Castaneda-Orjuela C. A., Catala-Lopez F., Cerin E., Charan J., Chattu V. K., Chen S., Chin K. L., Choi J. -Y. J., Chu D. -T., Chung S. -C., Cirillo M., Coffey S., Conti S., Costa V. M., Cundiff D. K., Dadras O., Dagnew B., Dai X., Damasceno A. A. M., Dandona L., Dandona R., Davletov K., De la Cruz-Gongora V., De la Hoz F. P., De Neve J. -W., Denova-Gutierrez E., Derbew Molla M., Derseh B. T., Desai R., Deuschl G., Dharmaratne S. D., Dhimal M., Dhungana R. R., Dianatinasab M., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Dokova K., Douiri A., Duncan B. B., Duraes A. R., Eagan A. W., Ebtehaj S., Eftekhari A., Eftekharzadeh S., Ekholuenetale M., El Nahas N., Elgendy I. Y., Elhadi M., El-Jaafary S. I., Esteghamati S., Etisso A. E., Eyawo O., Fadhil I., Faraon E. J. A., Faris P. S., Farwati M., Farzadfar F., Fernandes E., Fernandez Prendes C., Ferrara P., Filip I., Fischer F., Flood D., Fukumoto T., Gad M. M., Gaidhane S., Ganji M., Garg J., Gebre A. K., Gebregiorgis B. G., Gebregzabiher K. Z., Gebremeskel G. G., Getacher L., Obsa A. G., Ghajar A., Ghashghaee A., Ghith N., Giampaoli S., Gilani S. A., Gill P. S., Gillum R. F., Glushkova E. V., Gnedovskaya E. V., Golechha M., Gonfa K. B., Goudarzian A. H., Goulart A. C., Guadamuz J. S., Guha A., Guo Y., Gupta R., Hachinski V., Hafezi-Nejad N., Haile T. G., Hamadeh R. R., Hamidi S., Hankey G. J., Hargono A., Hartono R. K., Hashemian M., Hashi A., Hassan S., Hassen H. Y., Havmoeller R. J., Hay S. I., Hayat K., Heidari G., Herteliu C., Holla R., Hosseini M., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc M., Hostiuc S., Househ M., Huang J., Humayun A., Iavicoli I., Ibeneme C. U., Ibitoye S. E., Ilesanmi O. S., Ilic I. M., Ilic M. D., Iqbal U., Irvani S. S. N., Islam S. M. S., Islam R. M., Iso H., Iwagami M., Jain V., Javaheri T., Jayapal S. K., Jayaram S., Jayawardena R., Jeemon P., Jha R. P., Jonas J. B., Jonnagaddala J., Joukar F., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kabir A., Kahlon T., Kalani R., Kalhor R., Kamath A., Kamel I., Kandel H., Kandel A., Karch A., Kasa A. S., Katoto P. D. M. C., Kayode G. A., Khader Y. S., Khammarnia M., Khan M. S., Khan M. N., Khan M., Khan E. A., Khatab K., Kibria G. M. A., Kim Y. J., Kim G. R., Kimokoti R. W., Kisa S., Kisa A., Kivimaki M., Kolte D., Koolivand A., Korshunov V. A., Koulmane Laxminarayana S. L., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Krishnamoorthy V., Kuate Defo B., Kucuk Bicer B., Kulkarni V., Kumar G. A., Kumar N., Kurmi O. P., Kusuma D., Kwan G. F., La Vecchia C., Lacey B., Lallukka T., Lan Q., Lasrado S., Lassi Z. S., Lauriola P., Lawrence W. R., Laxmaiah A., LeGrand K. E., Li M. -C., Li B., Li S., Lim S. S., Lim L. -L., Lin H., Lin Z., Lin R. -T., Liu X., Lopez A. D., Lorkowski S., Lotufo P. A., Lugo A., M N. K., Madotto F., Mahmoudi M., Majeed A., Malekzadeh R., Malik A. A., Mamun A. A., Manafi N., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martini S., Mathur M. R., Mazzaglia G., Mehata S., Mehndiratta M. M., Meier T., Menezes R. G., Meretoja A., Mestrovic T., Miazgowski B., Miazgowski T., Michalek I. M., Miller T. R., Mirrakhimov E. M., Mirzaei H., Moazen B., Moghadaszadeh M., Mohammad Y., Mohammad D. K., Mohammed S., Mohammed M. A., Mokhayeri Y., Molokhia M., Montasir A. A., Moradi G., Moradzadeh R., Moraga P., Morawska L., Moreno Velasquez I., Morze J., Mubarik S., Muruet W., Musa K. I., Nagarajan A. J., Nalini M., Nangia V., Naqvi A. A., Narasimha Swamy S., Nascimento B. R., Nayak V. C., Nazari J., Nazarzadeh M., Negoi R. 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M., Sabour S., Sacco S., Sadeghi M., Saeedi Moghaddam S., Safari S., Sahebkar A., Salehi S., Salimzadeh H., Samaei M., Samy A. M., Santos I. S., Santric-Milicevic M. M., Sarrafzadegan N., Sarveazad A., Sathish T., Sawhney M., Saylan M., Schmidt M. I., Schutte A. E., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Sha F., Shahabi S., Shahid I., Shaikh M. A., Shamali M., Shamsizadeh M., Shawon M. S. R., Sheikh A., Shigematsu M., Shin M. -J., Shin J. I., Shiri R., Shiue I., Shuval K., Siabani S., Siddiqi T. J., Silva D. A. S., Singh J. A., Mtech A. S., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Soheili A., Spurlock E. E., Stockfelt L., Stortecky S., Stranges S., Suliankatchi Abdulkader R., Tadbiri H., Tadesse E. G., Tadesse D. B., Tajdini M., Tariqujjaman M., Teklehaimanot B. F., Temsah M. -H., Tesema A. K., Thakur B., Thankappan K. R., Thapar R., Thrift A. G., Timalsina B., Tonelli M., Touvier M., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tripathi A., Tripathy J. P., Truelsen T. C., Tsegay G. M., Tsegaye G. W., Tsilimparis N., Tusa B. S., Tyrovolas S., Umapathi K. K., Unim B., Unnikrishnan B., Usman M. S., Vaduganathan M., Valdez P. R., Vasankari T. J., Velazquez D. Z., Venketasubramanian N., Vu G. T., Vujcic I. S., Waheed Y., Wang Y., Wang F., Wei J., Weintraub R. G., Weldemariam A. H., Westerman R., Winkler A. S., Wiysonge C. S., Wolfe C. D. A., Wubishet B. L., Xu G., Yadollahpour A., Yamagishi K., Yan L. L., Yandrapalli S., Yano Y., Yatsuya H., Yeheyis T. Y., Yeshaw Y., Yilgwan C. S., Yonemoto N., Yu C., Yusefzadeh H., Zachariah G., Zaman S. B., Zaman M. S., Zamanian M., Zand R., Zandifar A., Zarghi A., Zastrozhin M. S., Zastrozhina A., Zhang Z. -J., Zhang Y., Zhang W., Zhong C., Zou Z., Zuniga Y. M. H., and Murray C. J. L.
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading cause of global mortality and a major contributor to disability. This paper reviews the magnitude of total CVD burden, including 13 underlying causes of cardiovascular death and 9 related risk factors, using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. GBD, an ongoing multinational collaboration to provide comparable and consistent estimates of population health over time, used all available population-level data sources on incidence, prevalence, case fatality, mortality, and health risks to produce estimates for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257 to 285 million) in 1990 to 523 million (95% UI: 497 to 550 million) in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million (95% UI:11.4 to 12.6 million) in 1990, reaching 18.6 million (95% UI: 17.1 to 19.7 million) in 2019. The global trends for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million (95% UI: 12.9 to 22.5 million) to 34.4 million (95% UI:24.9 to 43.6 million) over that period. The total number of DALYs due to IHD has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 182 million (95% UI: 170 to 194 million) DALYs, 9.14 million (95% UI: 8.40 to 9.74 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 197 million (95% UI: 178 to 220 million) prevalent cases of IHD in 2019. The total number of DALYs due to stroke has risen steadily since 1990, reaching 143 million (95% UI: 133 to 153 million) DALYs, 6.55 million (95% UI: 6.00 to 7.02 million) deaths in the year 2019, and 101 million (95% UI: 93.2 to 111 million) prevalent cases of stroke in 2019. Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of disease burden in the world. CVD burden continues its decades-long rise for almost all countries outside
Published: 2020

47. Health sector spending and spending on HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, and development assistance for health: progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3

Author: Micah, A, Su, Y, Bachmeier, S, Chapin, A, Cogswell, I, Crosby, S, Cunningham, B, Harle, A, Maddison, E, Moitra, M, Sahu, M, Schneider, M, Simpson, K, Stutzman, H, Tsakalos, G, Zende, R, Zlavog, B, Abbafati, C, Abebo, Z, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, M, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R, Alam, K, Ali, S, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Almasi, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Andrei, C, Anjomshoa, M, Antonio, C, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Atnafu, D, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Babalola, T, Bagherzadeh, M, Baig, A, Bakhtiari, A, Banach, M, Banerjee, S, Barnighausen, T, Basu, S, Baune, B, Bayati, M, Berman, A, Bhageerathy, R, Bhardwaj, P, Bohluli, M, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Catala-Lopez, F, Cevik, M, Chattu, V, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dianatinasab, M, Do, H, Doshmangir, L, El Tantawi, M, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Faraj, A, Farzadfar, F, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Fullman, N, Gad, M, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Goharinezhad, S, Grada, A, Haghparast Bidgoli, H, Hamidi, S, Harb, H, Hasanpoor, E, Hay, S, Hendrie, D, Henry, N, Herteliu, C, Hole, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Huda, T, Humayun, A, Hwang, B, Ilesanmi, O, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Islam, S, Islam, M, Jahani, M, Jakovljevic, M, James, S, Javaheri, Z, Jonas, J, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kalhor, R, Karami Matin, B, Karimi, S, Kayode, G, Kazemi Karyani, A, Kinfu, Y, Kisa, A, Kohler, S, Komaki, H, Kosen, S, Kotlo, A, Koyanagi, A, Kumar, G, Kusuma, D, Lansingh, V, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lee, S, Lim, L, Lozano, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Mahdavi, M, Maleki, S, Malekzadeh, R, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martinez, G, Masoumi, S, Massenburg, B, Menezes, R, Mengesha, E, Meretoja, T, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Milevska Kostova, N, Miller, T, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohajer, B, Mohamadi, E, Mohammad Darwesh, A, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Mohebi, F, Mokdad, A, Morrison, S, Mosser, J, Mousavi, S, Muriithi, M, Muthupandian, S, Myint, C, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, H, Nonvignon, J, Noubiap, J, Oh, I, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, J, Olusanya, B, Omar Bali, A, Onwujekwe, O, Otstavnov, S, Otstavnov, N, Owolabi, M, Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Postma, M, Prada, S, Pribadi, D, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Rahim, F, Ranabhat, C, Rao, S, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Rezapour, A, Sabour, S, Sahraian, M, Salman, O, Salomon, J, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santos, J, Santric Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Savic, M, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Setayesh, H, Shaikh, M, Sheikh, A, Shibuya, K, Shrime, M, Simonetti, B, Singh, J, Singh, P, Skryabin, V, Soheili, A, Soltani, S, Stefan, S, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Undurraga, E, Valdez, P, van Boven, J, Vasankari, T, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vos, T, Wolfe, C, Wu, J, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, Zaman, S, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Z, Zhao, Y, Murray, C, Dieleman, J, Micah A. E., Su Y., Bachmeier S. D., Chapin A., Cogswell I. E., Crosby S. W., Cunningham B., Harle A. C., Maddison E. R., Moitra M., Sahu M., Schneider M. T., Simpson K. E., Stutzman H. N., Tsakalos G., Zende R. R., Zlavog B. S., Abbafati C., Abebo Z. H., Abolhassani H., Abrigo M. R. M., Ahmed M. B., Akinyemi R. O., Alam K., Ali S., Alinia C., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Almasi A., Alvis-Guzman N., Ancuceanu R., Andrei T., Andrei C. L., Anjomshoa M., Antonio C. A. T., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aremu O., Atnafu D. D., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Babalola T. K., Bagherzadeh M., Baig A. A., Bakhtiari A., Banach M., Banerjee S. K., Barnighausen T. W., Basu S., Baune B. T., Bayati M., Berman A. E., Bhageerathy R., Bhardwaj P., Bohluli M., Busse R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Camera L. L. A., Castaneda-Orjuela C. A., Catala-Lopez F., Cevik M., Chattu V. K., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dianatinasab M., Do H. T., Doshmangir L., El Tantawi M., Eskandarieh S., Esmaeilzadeh F., Faraj A., Farzadfar F., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Fullman N., Gad M. M., Ghafourifard M., Ghashghaee A., Gholamian A., Goharinezhad S., Grada A., Haghparast Bidgoli H., Hamidi S., Harb H. L., Hasanpoor E., Hay S. I., Hendrie D., Henry N. J., Herteliu C., Hole M. K., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Huda T. M., Humayun A., Hwang B. -F., Ilesanmi O. S., Iqbal U., Irvani S. S. N., Islam S. M. S., Islam M. M., Jahani M. A., Jakovljevic M., James S. L., Javaheri Z., Jonas J. B., Joukar F., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kalhor R., Karami Matin B., Karimi S. E., Kayode G. A., Kazemi Karyani A., Kinfu Y., Kisa A., Kohler S., Komaki H., Kosen S., Kotlo A., Koyanagi A., Kumar G. A., Kusuma D., Lansingh V. C., Larsson A. O., Lasrado S., Lee S. W. H., Lim L. -L., Lozano R., Magdy Abd El Razek H., Mahdavi M. M., Maleki S., Malekzadeh R., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martinez G., Masoumi S. Z., Massenburg B. B., Menezes R. G., Mengesha E. W., Meretoja T. J., Meretoja A., Mestrovic T., Milevska Kostova N., Miller T. R., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Moghadaszadeh M., Mohajer B., Mohamadi E., Mohammad Darwesh A., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohammed S., Mohebi F., Mokdad A. H., Morrison S. D., Mosser J. F., Mousavi S. M., Muriithi M. K., Muthupandian S., Myint C. -Y., Naderi M., Nagarajan A. J., Nguyen C. T., Nguyen H. L. T., Nonvignon J., Noubiap J. J., Oh I. -H., Olagunju A. T., Olusanya J. O., Olusanya B. O., Omar Bali A., Onwujekwe O. E., Otstavnov S. S., Otstavnov N., Owolabi M. O., Padubidri J. R., Palladino R., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Postma M. J., Prada S. I., Pribadi D. R. A., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Rahim F., Ranabhat C. L., Rao S. J., Rathi P., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Rawal L., Rawassizadeh R., Rezapour A., Sabour S., Sahraian M. A., Salman O. M., Salomon J. A., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Santos J. V., Santric Milicevic M. M., Sao Jose B. P., Savic M., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Servan-Mori E., Setayesh H., Shaikh M. A., Sheikh A., Shibuya K., Shrime M. G., Simonetti B., Singh J. A., Singh P., Skryabin V. Y., Soheili A., Soltani S., Stefan S. C., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Topor-Madry R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran B. X., Travillian R., Undurraga E. A., Valdez P. R., van Boven J. F. M., Vasankari T. J., Violante F. S., Vlassov V., Vos T., Wolfe C. D. A., Wu J., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Zaidi Z., Zaman S. B., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Z. -J., Zhao Y., Murray C. J. L., Dieleman J. L., Micah, A, Su, Y, Bachmeier, S, Chapin, A, Cogswell, I, Crosby, S, Cunningham, B, Harle, A, Maddison, E, Moitra, M, Sahu, M, Schneider, M, Simpson, K, Stutzman, H, Tsakalos, G, Zende, R, Zlavog, B, Abbafati, C, Abebo, Z, Abolhassani, H, Abrigo, M, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R, Alam, K, Ali, S, Alinia, C, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Almasi, A, Alvis-Guzman, N, Ancuceanu, R, Andrei, T, Andrei, C, Anjomshoa, M, Antonio, C, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aremu, O, Atnafu, D, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayanore, M, Azari, S, Babalola, T, Bagherzadeh, M, Baig, A, Bakhtiari, A, Banach, M, Banerjee, S, Barnighausen, T, Basu, S, Baune, B, Bayati, M, Berman, A, Bhageerathy, R, Bhardwaj, P, Bohluli, M, Busse, R, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Camera, L, Castaneda-Orjuela, C, Catala-Lopez, F, Cevik, M, Chattu, V, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Dianatinasab, M, Do, H, Doshmangir, L, El Tantawi, M, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilzadeh, F, Faraj, A, Farzadfar, F, Fischer, F, Foigt, N, Fullman, N, Gad, M, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Goharinezhad, S, Grada, A, Haghparast Bidgoli, H, Hamidi, S, Harb, H, Hasanpoor, E, Hay, S, Hendrie, D, Henry, N, Herteliu, C, Hole, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, S, Huda, T, Humayun, A, Hwang, B, Ilesanmi, O, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Islam, S, Islam, M, Jahani, M, Jakovljevic, M, James, S, Javaheri, Z, Jonas, J, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jurisson, M, Kalhor, R, Karami Matin, B, Karimi, S, Kayode, G, Kazemi Karyani, A, Kinfu, Y, Kisa, A, Kohler, S, Komaki, H, Kosen, S, Kotlo, A, Koyanagi, A, Kumar, G, Kusuma, D, Lansingh, V, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lee, S, Lim, L, Lozano, R, Magdy Abd El Razek, H, Mahdavi, M, Maleki, S, Malekzadeh, R, Mansour-Ghanaei, F, Mansournia, M, Mantovani, L, Martinez, G, Masoumi, S, Massenburg, B, Menezes, R, Mengesha, E, Meretoja, T, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Milevska Kostova, N, Miller, T, Mirica, A, Mirrakhimov, E, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohajer, B, Mohamadi, E, Mohammad Darwesh, A, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammadpourhodki, R, Mohammed, S, Mohebi, F, Mokdad, A, Morrison, S, Mosser, J, Mousavi, S, Muriithi, M, Muthupandian, S, Myint, C, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, H, Nonvignon, J, Noubiap, J, Oh, I, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, J, Olusanya, B, Omar Bali, A, Onwujekwe, O, Otstavnov, S, Otstavnov, N, Owolabi, M, Padubidri, J, Palladino, R, Panda-Jonas, S, Pandey, A, Postma, M, Prada, S, Pribadi, D, Rabiee, M, Rabiee, N, Rahim, F, Ranabhat, C, Rao, S, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Rezapour, A, Sabour, S, Sahraian, M, Salman, O, Salomon, J, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santos, J, Santric Milicevic, M, Sao Jose, B, Savic, M, Schwendicke, F, Senthilkumaran, S, Sepanlou, S, Servan-Mori, E, Setayesh, H, Shaikh, M, Sheikh, A, Shibuya, K, Shrime, M, Simonetti, B, Singh, J, Singh, P, Skryabin, V, Soheili, A, Soltani, S, Stefan, S, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Topor-Madry, R, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Undurraga, E, Valdez, P, van Boven, J, Vasankari, T, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vos, T, Wolfe, C, Wu, J, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, Zaman, S, Zastrozhin, M, Zhang, Z, Zhao, Y, Murray, C, Dieleman, J, Micah A. E., Su Y., Bachmeier S. D., Chapin A., Cogswell I. E., Crosby S. W., Cunningham B., Harle A. C., Maddison E. R., Moitra M., Sahu M., Schneider M. T., Simpson K. E., Stutzman H. N., Tsakalos G., Zende R. R., Zlavog B. S., Abbafati C., Abebo Z. H., Abolhassani H., Abrigo M. R. M., Ahmed M. B., Akinyemi R. O., Alam K., Ali S., Alinia C., Alipour V., Aljunid S. M., Almasi A., Alvis-Guzman N., Ancuceanu R., Andrei T., Andrei C. L., Anjomshoa M., Antonio C. A. T., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Aremu O., Atnafu D. D., Ausloos M., Avila-Burgos L., Ayanore M. A., Azari S., Babalola T. K., Bagherzadeh M., Baig A. A., Bakhtiari A., Banach M., Banerjee S. K., Barnighausen T. W., Basu S., Baune B. T., Bayati M., Berman A. E., Bhageerathy R., Bhardwaj P., Bohluli M., Busse R., Cahuana-Hurtado L., Camera L. L. A., Castaneda-Orjuela C. A., Catala-Lopez F., Cevik M., Chattu V. K., Dandona L., Dandona R., Dianatinasab M., Do H. T., Doshmangir L., El Tantawi M., Eskandarieh S., Esmaeilzadeh F., Faraj A., Farzadfar F., Fischer F., Foigt N. A., Fullman N., Gad M. M., Ghafourifard M., Ghashghaee A., Gholamian A., Goharinezhad S., Grada A., Haghparast Bidgoli H., Hamidi S., Harb H. L., Hasanpoor E., Hay S. I., Hendrie D., Henry N. J., Herteliu C., Hole M. K., Hosseinzadeh M., Hostiuc S., Huda T. M., Humayun A., Hwang B. -F., Ilesanmi O. S., Iqbal U., Irvani S. S. N., Islam S. M. S., Islam M. M., Jahani M. A., Jakovljevic M., James S. L., Javaheri Z., Jonas J. B., Joukar F., Jozwiak J. J., Jurisson M., Kalhor R., Karami Matin B., Karimi S. E., Kayode G. A., Kazemi Karyani A., Kinfu Y., Kisa A., Kohler S., Komaki H., Kosen S., Kotlo A., Koyanagi A., Kumar G. A., Kusuma D., Lansingh V. C., Larsson A. O., Lasrado S., Lee S. W. H., Lim L. -L., Lozano R., Magdy Abd El Razek H., Mahdavi M. M., Maleki S., Malekzadeh R., Mansour-Ghanaei F., Mansournia M. A., Mantovani L. G., Martinez G., Masoumi S. Z., Massenburg B. B., Menezes R. G., Mengesha E. W., Meretoja T. J., Meretoja A., Mestrovic T., Milevska Kostova N., Miller T. R., Mirica A., Mirrakhimov E. M., Moghadaszadeh M., Mohajer B., Mohamadi E., Mohammad Darwesh A., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohammed S., Mohebi F., Mokdad A. H., Morrison S. D., Mosser J. F., Mousavi S. M., Muriithi M. K., Muthupandian S., Myint C. -Y., Naderi M., Nagarajan A. J., Nguyen C. T., Nguyen H. L. T., Nonvignon J., Noubiap J. J., Oh I. -H., Olagunju A. T., Olusanya J. O., Olusanya B. O., Omar Bali A., Onwujekwe O. E., Otstavnov S. S., Otstavnov N., Owolabi M. O., Padubidri J. R., Palladino R., Panda-Jonas S., Pandey A., Postma M. J., Prada S. I., Pribadi D. R. A., Rabiee M., Rabiee N., Rahim F., Ranabhat C. L., Rao S. J., Rathi P., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Rawal L., Rawassizadeh R., Rezapour A., Sabour S., Sahraian M. A., Salman O. M., Salomon J. A., Samy A. M., Sanabria J., Santos J. V., Santric Milicevic M. M., Sao Jose B. P., Savic M., Schwendicke F., Senthilkumaran S., Sepanlou S. G., Servan-Mori E., Setayesh H., Shaikh M. A., Sheikh A., Shibuya K., Shrime M. G., Simonetti B., Singh J. A., Singh P., Skryabin V. Y., Soheili A., Soltani S., Stefan S. C., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Topor-Madry R., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran B. X., Travillian R., Undurraga E. A., Valdez P. R., van Boven J. F. M., Vasankari T. J., Violante F. S., Vlassov V., Vos T., Wolfe C. D. A., Wu J., Yaya S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi V., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Younis M. Z., Yu C., Zaidi Z., Zaman S. B., Zastrozhin M. S., Zhang Z. -J., Zhao Y., Murray C. J. L., and Dieleman J. L.
Abstract: Background: Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 aims to “ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”. While a substantial effort has been made to quantify progress towards SDG3, less research has focused on tracking spending towards this goal. We used spending estimates to measure progress in financing the priority areas of SDG3, examine the association between outcomes and financing, and identify where resource gains are most needed to achieve the SDG3 indicators for which data are available. Methods: We estimated domestic health spending, disaggregated by source (government, out-of-pocket, and prepaid private) from 1995 to 2017 for 195 countries and territories. For disease-specific health spending, we estimated spending for HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis for 135 low-income and middle-income countries, and malaria in 106 malaria-endemic countries, from 2000 to 2017. We also estimated development assistance for health (DAH) from 1990 to 2019, by source, disbursing development agency, recipient, and health focus area, including DAH for pandemic preparedness. Finally, we estimated future health spending for 195 countries and territories from 2018 until 2030. We report all spending estimates in inflation-adjusted 2019 US$, unless otherwise stated. Findings: Since the development and implementation of the SDGs in 2015, global health spending has increased, reaching $7·9 trillion (95% uncertainty interval 7·8–8·0) in 2017 and is expected to increase to $11·0 trillion (10·7–11·2) by 2030. In 2017, in low-income and middle-income countries spending on HIV/AIDS was $20·2 billion (17·0–25·0) and on tuberculosis it was $10·9 billion (10·3–11·8), and in malaria-endemic countries spending on malaria was $5·1 billion (4·9–5·4). Development assistance for health was $40·6 billion in 2019 and HIV/AIDS has been the health focus area to receive the highest contribution since 2004. In 2019, $374 million of DAH was provided for pandemic preparedness, less than 1% of
Published: 2020

48. Blood count and C-reactive protein evolution in gastric cancer patients with total gastrectomy surgery

Author: Attila CSENDES J., Andrea MUÑOZ Ch., and Ana María BURGOS L.
Subjects: Complete blood count, CRP, Cancer neoplasm, Surgery, Total gastrectomy, RD1-811, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The complete blood count (CBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are useful inflammatory parameters for ruling out acute postoperative inflammatory complications. AIM: To determine their changes in gastric cancer patients submitted to total gastrectomy. METHODS: This is a prospective study, with 36 patients with gastric cancer who were submitted to elective total gastrectomy. On the first, third and fifth postoperative day (POD), blood count and CRP changes were assessed. Patients with postoperative complications were excluded. RESULTS: Twenty-one (58%) were men and 15 (42%) women. The mean age was 65 years. The leukocytes peaked on the 1st POD with a mean of 13,826 u/mm³, and decreased to 8,266 u/mm³ by the 5th POD. The bacilliforms peaked on the 1st POD with a maximum value of 1.48%. CRP reached its maximum level on the 3rd POD with a mean of 144.64 mg/l±44.84. Preoperative hematocrit (HCT) was 35% and 33.67% by the 5th POD. Hemoglobin, showed similar values. CONCLUSIONS: Leukocytes increased during the 1st POD but reached normal values by the 5th POD. CRP peaked on the 3rd POD but did not reach normal values by the 5th POD.
Published: 2014
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49. How to get more silver? Culture media adjustment targeting surge of silver nanoparticle penetration in apricot tissue during in vitro micropropagation. Horticulturae

Author: https://ror.org/02gfc7t72, Pérez-Caselles, C., Alburquerque, N., Faize, L, Bogdanchikova, N, García-Ramos, J.C., Rodríguez-Hernández, A.G., Pestryakov, A., Burgos, L., https://ror.org/02gfc7t72, Pérez-Caselles, C., Alburquerque, N., Faize, L, Bogdanchikova, N, García-Ramos, J.C., Rodríguez-Hernández, A.G., Pestryakov, A., and Burgos, L.
Published: 2022

50. Tratamiento endourológico del ureterocele ectópico. Experiencia en los últimos 15 años.

Author: Bada Bosch, I., De Palacio, A., Fernández Bautista, B., Ordóñez, J., Ortiz, R., Burgos, L., Parente, A., and Angulo, J. M.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

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