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3. Information-theoretic models of communication in biological systems

Author

Burgos, Andrés C.

Subjects
003, Information theory, bet-hedging, limited resources, semantic communication, informational parasitism
Abstract

This thesis aims to find general principles governing the behaviour of biological systems, with a particular emphasis in the communicational (social) aspect of these systems. Communication between biological entities plays a major role in their evolution, enabling them to exchange information about their environment and thereby improving their chances of survival. Communication also plays a pivotal role in the organisation of populations of organisms, clearly observed in social insects, but present also at least in bacteria, plants, fungi, animals and humans. It is also theorised that the genetic code is a by-product of the establishment of an innovation-sharing protocol between primitive cells [Vetsigian et al., 2006]. This thesis is mainly concerned with identifying necessary conditions for the emergence of communicational codes, and the problems that arise with their establishment. For this purpose, we introduce an information-theoretic framework where species maximise their growth rate by following a Kelly-gambling strategy to bet on environmental conditions. Information theory provides a powerful tool for abstracting away mechanisms and for focusing on hard limits of a system's dynamics which cannot be circumvented. We begin by exploring the relation between information exchange and limited resources. We show that a transition from cooperation to antagonism in the exchange of environmental information follows from a change in the availability of resources, from abundant to scarce. We then assume a non-competitive scenario with abundance of resources, where conflicts in a population occur only at a communicational (informational) level, rather than on the physical level, such as competing for (physical) resources. However, traditional Shannon communication is non-semantic, as opposed to the semantic communication observed in biological systems, which is necessary for capturing conflicts in communication. In the traditional use of information theory, it is assumed that every organism knows how to \interpret" the information offered by other organisms. However, this assumes that one \knows" which other organisms one observes, and thus which code they use. In our model, however, we wish to preclude that: namely, we will do away with the assumption that the identity of the organisms who send the messages and those who receive them is known, and the resulting usable information is therefore influenced by the universality of the code used and by which organisms an organism is \listening" to. We introduce a model which captures semantic communication in information-theoretic terms, where organisms talk to each other in a communication network. We show that, for particular population structures, when organisms cannot identify which other organisms they talk to, the adoption of a universal code emerges as a solution for full interpretation of the shared information. However, the evolution and establishment of universal codes for communication introduces vulnerabilities: organisms can be exploited by parasites. We de ne two types of parasites whose strategies have different levels of complexity and study the co-evolution of a host (the population) and a parasite by optimising their respective objective functions in stages. First, we consider a disruptive parasite (a troll) that inflicts harm in a host by minimising a population's mutual understanding, and then a more complex parasite, which manipulates the members of the population via their codes (the puppetmaster). We show emergent characterisations of both parasites, as well as which host configurations are robust against parasites and show adaptive properties. This thesis introduces a framework which allows the study of informational properties in the host-parasite co-evolution, where the rules of the parasite's habitat, the host, are the outcome of an evolutionary process, and where these very same rules are those that allow the parasite to exploit the host.

Published
2017

4. An informational study of the evolution of codes and of emerging concepts in populations of agents

Author

Burgos, Andres C. and Polani, Daniel

Subjects
Computer Science - Multiagent Systems
Abstract

We consider the problem of the evolution of a code within a structured population of agents. The agents try to maximise their information about their environment by acquiring information from the outputs of other agents in the population. A naive use of information-theoretic methods would assume that every agent knows how to "interpret" the information offered by other agents. However, this assumes that one "knows" which other agents one observes, and thus which code they use. In our model, however, we wish to preclude that: it is not clear which other agents an agent is observing, and the resulting usable information is therefore influenced by the universality of the code used and by which agents an agent is "listening" to. We further investigate whether an agent who does not directly perceive the environment can distinguish states by observing other agents' outputs. For this purpose, we consider a population of different types of agents "talking" about different concepts, and try to extract new ones by considering their outputs only., Comment: Accepted in Artificial Life Journal

Published
2015

5. Cooperation and antagonism in information exchange in a growth scenario with two species

Author

Burgos, Andres C. and Polani, Daniel

Subjects
Computer Science - Multiagent Systems, Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory, Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

We consider a simple information-theoretic model of communication, in which two species of bacteria have the option of exchanging information about their environment, thereby improving their chances of survival. For this purpose, we model a system consisting of two species whose dynamics in the world are modelled by a bet-hedging strategy. It is well known that such models lend themselves to elegant information-theoretical interpretations by relating their respective long-term growth rate to the information the individual species has about its environment. We are specifically interested in modelling how this dynamics are affected when the species interact cooperatively or in an antagonistic way in a scenario with limited resources. For this purpose, we consider the exchange of environmental information between the two species in the framework of a game. Our results show that a transition from a cooperative to an antagonistic behaviour in a species results as a response to a change in the availability of resources. Species cooperate in abundance of resources, while they behave antagonistically in scarcity., Comment: To appear in the Journal of Theoretical Biology

Published
2015

6. Informational parasites in code evolution

Author

Burgos, Andres C. and Polani, Daniel

Subjects
Computer Science - Multiagent Systems
Abstract

In a previous study, we considered an information-theoretic model of code evolution. In it, agents obtain information about their (common) environment by the perception of messages of other agents, which is determined by an interaction probability (the structure of the population). For an agent to understand another agent's messages, the former must either know the identity of the latter, or the code producing the messages must be universally interpretable. A universal code, however, introduces a vulnerability: a parasitic entity can take advantage of it. Here, we investigate this problem. In our specific setting, we consider a parasite to be an agent that tries to inflict as much damage as possible in the mutual understanding of the population (i.e. the parasite acts as a disinformation agent). We show that, after introducing a parasite in the population, the former adopts a code such that it captures the information about the environment that is missing in the population. Such agent would be of great value, but only if the rest of the population could understand its messages. However, it is of little use here, since the parasite utilises the most common messages in the population to express different concepts. Now we let the population respond by updating their codes such that, in this arms race, they again maximise their mutual understanding. As a result, there is a code drift in the population where the utilisation of the messages of the parasite is avoided. A consequence of this is that the information that the parasite possesses but the agents lack becomes understandable and readily available., Comment: Accepted for the 13th European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL 2015)

Published
2015

7. Increased fruit load influences vegetative growth, dry mass partitioning, and bean quality attributes in full-sun coffee cultivation.

Author

Felipe León-Burgos, Andrés, Rendón Sáenz, José Raúl, Imbachi Quinchua, Luis Carlos, Alejandra Toro-Herrera, Mayra, Andrés Unigarro, Carlos, Osorio, Valentina, and Enrique Balaguera-López, Helber

Subjects
COFFEE growing, FRUIT, DRIED fruit, COFFEE beans, BEANS
Abstract

Coffee fruits are highly competitive compared to other functional sink organs. This can affect the vegetative growth of the shoot, dry mass partitioning, and the size and amount of healthy beans. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate changes in vegetative growth, physical and sensory attributes of the coffee bean, and total crop yield in response to varying fruit load at the tree level established under full-sun cultivation. The experiment was carried out for two consecutive years under field conditions with coffee trees of the cultivar "Cenicafé 1." Nine different fruit load intensities at the whole-plant level of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100% were evaluated. The vegetative growth of leaves and branches, leaf area-to-fruit ratio, and dry mass accumulation were evaluated, and growth indices were calculated. Total coffee fruit production, size and distribution of healthy beans, and sensory analysis were determined. As expected, for coffee trees with a 100% fruit load, we found significant decreases in the total number of leaves, leaf area-to-fruit ratio, and branch growth; less dry mass allocated to leaves and branches with a negative correlation between this and the fruit dry mass accumulation; and lower distribution of large and healthy beans. Unexpectedly, annual and accumulated patterns of total production and sensory quality of coffee beverage were not affected by the high fruit load. The findings suggest that increased fruit load in coffee trees of the "Cenicafé 1" variety led to changes in vegetative growth, dry mass partitioning, and physical quality of the beans. However, there was no impact on production patterns and sensory attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Asking the Right Question: How to Transform Multilingual Unstructured Data to Query Semantic Databases

Author

Burgos, Andrés Domínguez, Kerremans, Koen, Temmerman, Rita, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Herrero, Pilar, editor, Panetto, Hervé, editor, Meersman, Robert, editor, and Dillon, Tharam, editor

Published
2012
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14. A Methodological Framework for Ontology and Multilingual Termontological Database Co-evolution

Author

Debruyne, Christophe, Vasquez, Cristian, Kerremans, Koen, Burgos, Andrés Domínguez, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Herrero, Pilar, editor, Panetto, Hervé, editor, Meersman, Robert, editor, and Dillon, Tharam, editor

Published
2012
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16. Práctica empresarial para el desarrollo e implementación de función de matrices postfallo para sistematización de seguimiento de solicitudes para sistema de registro de tierras despojadas y abandonadas forzosamente (SRTDAF)

Author

Rivero Burgos, Andrés Felipe and Salas Álvarez, Daniel José

Subjects
Angular, Methodology, Restitución, Postfallo, SRTDAF, Spring Boot, Metodología, Java, Scrum, Restitution
Abstract

Este documento aborda el tema de las actividades realizadas en la practica de empresarial en la Unidad de Restitución de Tierras para la implementacion del nuevo modulo postfallo en el Sistema de Registro de Tierras Despojadas y Abandonadas Forzosamente (SRTDAF). This document addresses the issue of the activities carried out in business practice in the Unidad de Restitucion de Tierras for the implementation of the new postfallo module in the Sistema de Registro de Tierras Despojadas y Abandonadas Forzosamente (SRTDAF). 1. INTRODUCCIÓN .....................................................................................10 2. PLATAFORMA ESTRATÉGICA DE LA EMPRESA ...................................................................11 2.1. UNIDAD ADMINISTRATIVA ESPECIAL DE GESTIÓN DE RESTITUCIÓN DE TIERRAS DESPOJADAS ..................................11 2.2. MISIÓN........................................................................................................11 2.3. VISIÓN ............................................................................................................................11 2.4. OBJETIVOS Y POLÍTICAS .................................................................................................12 2.5. RESEÑA HISTÓRICA .....................................................................................................................13 2.6. ESTRUCTURA ORGÁNICA..........................................................................................14 2.7. ÁREA DE TRABAJO ..........................................................15 3. MARCO TEÓRICO O CONCEPTUAL.............................................................................................16 3.1. RESTITUCIÓN DE TIERRAS ....................................................................................16 3.2. DESPOJO................................................................................................16 3.3. METODOLOGIA AGIL (SCRUM) .............................................................................................17 4. DIAGNÓSTICO ESPECÍFICO DE LA EMPRESA ...............................................................................................18 5. ACTIVIDADES DESARROLLADAS .................................................................................................19 6. PROPUESTA DE MEJORAMIENTO..................................................................................................31 7. APORTES DEL ESTUDIANTE .............................................................................................................32 8. CONCLUSIONES.............................................................................................................32 9. RECOMENDACIONES.................................................................................................34 10. BIBLIOGRAFÍA.................................................................................................35 ANEXOS....................................................................................................................................36 Pregrado Ingeniero(a) de Sistemas Práctica Empresarial

Published
2022

18. Fitting growth curves of coffee plants in the nursery stage of growth: A functional approach

Author

León-Burgos, Andrés Felipe, Ramírez, Carlos, Rendón Sáenz, José Raúl, Imbachi-Quinchua, Luis Carlos, Unigarro-Muñoz, Carlos Andrés, Balaguera-Lopez, Helber Enrique, León-Burgos, Andrés Felipe, Ramírez, Carlos, Rendón Sáenz, José Raúl, Imbachi-Quinchua, Luis Carlos, Unigarro-Muñoz, Carlos Andrés, and Balaguera-Lopez, Helber Enrique

Abstract

The growth patterns of coffee plants are determined by interactions between genetic, physiological, and climate factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth patterns of coffee plants in the nursery under the climatic conditions of Chinchiná, Caldas, Colombia, during the first semester of 2019. Measurements were carried out in the Cenicafé 1 variety during six months. Growth parameters such as leaf area, number of leaves, height, stem diameter, and length of the main root were evaluated every 15 d after transplanting (DAT) in 20 plants and the averages of absolute growth (Ĝ) rate of each growth variable were calculated. For the total leaf area, total number of leaves, and stem height, a sigmoidal-type growth curve was adjusted, while the growth curve was linear for the stem diameter (R2 = 0.97) and main root length (R2 = 0.95). Average values were obtained for 520 cm2 for total leaf area, with an Ĝ of 3.31 cm2 d-1, 11 for total leaves (Ĝ 0.055 leaves d-1), 30.23 cm for height (Ĝ 0.155 cm d-1), 4.87 mm for stem diameter (Ĝ 0.199 mm d-1), and 28.80 cm for main root length (Ĝ 0.087 cm d-1) at 180 DAT. These results suggest that growth curves could be a useful tool for describing the growth patterns of coffee seedlings during the nursery stage of growth., El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar y describir el crecimiento de las plantas de café bajo condiciones climáticas de la zona cafetera central de Colombia. Las mediciones se realizaron en plantas de la variedad “Cenicafé 1” durante la etapa de almácigo. Se evaluaron medidas de crecimiento como área foliar, número de hojas, altura, diámetro del tallo y longitud de la raíz principal y se calculó las tasas promedio de crecimiento absoluto (Ĝ). Para el área foliar total, número de hojas totales y altura del tallo, se ajustó una curva de crecimiento de tipo sigmoidal, mientras que fue lineal para el diámetro del tallo (R2 = 0,97) y longitud de raíz principal (R2 = 0.95). Se obtuvieron valores promedio a los 180 DDT de 520 cm2 de área foliar total con Ĝ 3.31 cm2 d-1, 11 hojas totales (Ĝ 0.055 hojas d-1), 30.23 cm de altura (Ĝ 0.155 cm d-1), 4.87 mm diámetro del tallo (Ĝ 0.199 mm d-1) y 28.80 cm para la longitud de raíz principal (Ĝ 0.087 cm d-1). Estos resultados sugieren que las curvas de crecimiento pueden ser una herramienta útil para describir los patrones de crecimiento de las plantas de café durante la etapa de almácigo.

Published
2022

19. Management tool of distributed energy resources

Author

Ramirez Burgos, Andrés Rafael, Mejia Terán, Juan Pablo, Arango Manrique, Adriana, and Restrepo Restrepo, Mauricio

Subjects
Generación distribuida, Despacho económico, Economic dispatch, Energy management, Gestión energética, Distributed generation
Abstract

La gestión energética es fundamental para optimizar la operación de los recursos energéticos distribuidos con el fin de reducir costos en la operación, moderar el consumo y disminuir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Sin embargo, no existen herramientas de acceso gratuito que permitan la integración de recursos energéticos distribuidos y procesos de gestión en los sistemas de distribución para alcanzar una mayor eficiencia en la operación. Por esta razón, se desarrolló una herramienta computacional mediante el lenguaje de programación Python que permite visualizar las potencias generadas por cada una de las diferentes plantas de generación y los costos de generación diesel durante un periodo de 24 horas. Además, se realizó un enlace con el simulador de sistemas de distribución de energía eléctrica (OpenDSS) Durante el desarrollo del proyecto, se emplearon las normas (CREG 002 de 2021, CREG 025 de 1995, Ley 1715 de 2014, Ley 142 de 1994, Ley 143 de 1994, NTC 2050). Además, se contemplaron restricciones de ingeniería, como son las económicas garantizando no superar el presupuesto del proyecto, tecnológicas debido las especificaciones necesarias en el computador para compilar exitosamente el código y ambientales teniendo en cuenta las ubicaciones con alto potencial de generación fotovoltaica y eólica. El proceso de validación experimental de la herramienta se efectuó mediante la implementación de un solucionador de programación lineal distinto, además, se verificaron que los niveles de tensión en los buses del sistema IEEE 34 nodos modificado permanecieran dentro del rango establecido en la CREG 025 de 1995. Esta herramienta permite minimizar los costos del sistema en la generación y al mismo tiempo una reducción en las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Además, cumple con el objetivo de gestionar los recursos energéticos distribuidos en el sistema, realizando un despacho económico y mostrando las potencias y costos a lo largo del día. Energy management is essential to optimize the operation of distributed energy resources in order to reduce operating costs, moderate consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, there are no freely available tools that allow the integration of distributed energy resources and management processes in distribution systems to achieve greater efficiency in operation. For this reason, we developed a computational tool using the Python programming language to visualize the power generated by each of the different generation plants and the diesel generation costs during a 24-hour period. In addition, a link was made with the electric power distribution systems simulator (OpenDSS). During the development of the project, the standards (CREG 002 of 2021, CREG 025 of 1995, Law 1715 of 2014, Law 142 of 1994, Law 143 of 1994, NTC 2050) were used. In addition, engineering restrictions were contemplated, such as economic ones guaranteeing not to exceed the project budget, technological ones due to the necessary specifications in the computer to successfully compile the code and environmental ones taking into account the locations with high potential for photovoltaic and wind generation. The experimental validation process of the tool was carried out through the implementation of a different linear programming solver, in addition, it was verified that the voltage levels in the buses of the IEEE 34 node system were not outside the voltage limits established in the CREG 025 of 1995. This tool allows minimizing system costs in generation and at the same time a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, it fulfills the objective of managing the energy resources distributed in the system, performing an economic dispatch and showing the power and costs throughout the day.

Published
2021

23. Proyecto de negocios para la creación de un servicio de viajes de turismo ecológico en el departamento del Valle del Cauca g-travel experience

Author

Castro Burgos, Andrés Felipe, Morales Urrea, Mónica, and Asesor Tesis

Subjects
Análisis económico, Tésis, Ecoturismo, Experiencia turística, Modelos de negocio, Turismo, Membresía, Creación de negocios, Clientes, Prestación de servicios, Administración, Viajes, Departamento de Gestión Organizacional, Creación de empresas
Abstract

El presente documento propone un modelo de negocios diseñado para la prestación de servicios de planeación de viajes sorpresa de Ecoturismo en búsqueda de crear experiencias inolvidables y diferentes al turismo tradicional en el departamento del Valle del Cauca. El proyecto nace de la necesidad de ofrecer una alternativa en la planificación y diseño de experiencias de viajes detectada al realizar una encuesta a un número de personas residentes en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, las cuales gastan el 47 del tiempo que demora un viaje en la etapa de planeación, quieren viajar por lo menos 1 vez cada trimestre a conocer nuevos lugares y quieren vivir la experiencia de realizar viajes sorpresa. La propuesta de valor consiste en eliminar la etapa de planeación de viaje, conectar a las personas con la naturaleza y diseñar experiencias sorpresa en torno a lo que el cliente quiere. El modelo de negocio consiste en la combinación del Apalancamiento en datos de los clientes y el sistema de membresías, con los cuales se busca segmentar, asesorar, diseñar y planear experiencias de viajes sorpresa que superen las expectativas de los viajeros. La monetización del negocio proviene del cobro mensual de las membresías dependiendo de la categoría. De acuerdo a los análisis financieros, oportunidades en el sector, barreras de entrada, innovación del modelo y supuestos realizados en el desarrollo del documento, el proyecto es viable para su ejecución, sin embargo, es sensible a variaciones en los niveles de venta de las membresías.

Published
2021

24. Biodiversidad del componente forestal en dos campus de la Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ecuador

Author

Cue García, Jorge Luis, Chagna Avila, Eduardo Jaime, Palacios Cuenca, Walter Armando, and Carrión Burgos, Andrés Manolo

Subjects
índice de Shannon, riqueza, biodiversidad
Abstract

Forest biodiversity in two campuses of the Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ecuador Resumen En los Campus El Olivo y Granja Yuyucocha, de la Universidad Técnica del Norte, desde su creación, se han desarrollado prácticas de plantación de especies de interés forestal. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la biodiversidad forestal en estos campus. Se realizó un censo, durante los años 2018 y 2019, registrándose los individuos leñosos con independencia de su diámetro y altura. Fueron calculados índices de riqueza y de equitabilidad, tales como: índice de Margalef y de Menhinick, índice de Shannon y de Simpson, Números de Hill, así como los índices Pielou y de Hill. Fueron calculados también los índices de similitud de Jaccard y de Sørensen. La biodiversidad forestal es alta en los dos campus estudiados, no se presentaron especies dominantes y la distribución es equitativa, en tanto existe similitud entre ambas comunidades de acuerdo a los resultados de los índices de similitud de Jaccard y de Sørensen. Palabras clave: biodiversidad; riqueza; forestal. Abstract Since its creation, at the El Olivo and Granja Yuyucocha Campuses of the Technical University of the North, planting practices have been developed for species of forest interest. The objective of the work was to determine the forest biodiversity on these campuses. A census was carried out during the years 2018 and 2019, registering all woody individuals regardless of their diameter and height. Wealth and equity indices were calculated, such as: Margalef and Menhinick index, Shannon and Simpson index, Hill numbers, as well as the Pielou and Hill indices. The Jaccard and Sørensen similarity indices were also calculated. Forest biodiversity is high in the two studied campuses, there were no dominant species, and the distribution is equitable, as there is similarity between both communities according to the results of the Jaccard and Sørensen similarity indices. Keywords: biodiversity; wealth; forest.

Published
2020
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30. Insectos benéficos asociados a plantas arvenses atrayentes en agroecosistemas del Piedemonte de la Orinoquia Colombiana

Author

León-Burgos, Andrés Felipe, Murillo-Pacheco, Johanna I., Bautista-Zamora, Daniel, Quinto Cánovas, Javier, León-Burgos, Andrés Felipe, Murillo-Pacheco, Johanna I., Bautista-Zamora, Daniel, and Quinto Cánovas, Javier

Abstract

Se estudió la biodiversidad de insectos benéficos asociados a plantas arvenses en agroecosistemas de cacao, guanábana y arroz. Se realizaron muestreos en cinco especies de plantas arvenses asociadas a los agroecosistemas: Crotalaria striata, Indigofera hirsuta, Hyptis capitata, Melampodium divaricatum y Stachytarpheta cayennensis. Los insectos se colectaron mediante muestreos sistemáticos con red entomológica y observaciones directas a través de un transecto lineal. Se realiza por primera vez un inventario detallado de la diversidad de insectos benéficos asociada a agroecosistemas del departamento del Meta, compuesta por 66 especies/morfoespecies. Se reportan datos de interés de diez especies, entre ellos la ampliación del rango de distribución de ocho especies para la Orinoquia, así como el registro de dos nuevos géneros para Colombia: Myzinum (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) y Chaetogaedia (Diptera: Tachinidae). Se constata una amplia biodiversidad taxonómica y ecológica de insectos benéficos en estos ecosistemas transformados, diversidad entomológica asociada especialmente a la presencia de plantas arvenses que actúan como fuentes de alimentos suplementarios y sitios de refugio para estos insectos. Este estudio pretende aportar datos de interés para el manejo integrado de plagas, programas de restauración ecológica y conocimiento de la biología de las especies registradas., The biodiversity of beneficial insects associated with weed plants in agroecosystems of cocoa, soursop and rice was studied. Five species of weed plants associated with these agroecosystems were considered for the samplings: Crotalaria striata, Indigofera hirsuta, Hyptis capitata, Melampodium divaricatum and Stachytarpheta cayennensis. Beneficial insects were collected through systematic samplings using an entomological net, together with direct observations through a linear transect. A detailed inventory of the community of beneficial insects associated with agroecosystems in the departamento del Meta is provided for the first time, composed of 66 species/morphospecies. Eight species were recorded for the first time from the Orinoco basin, and two genera are new from Colombia: Myzinum (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) and Chaetogaedia (Diptera: Tachinidae). A high taxonomic and ecological biodiversity of beneficial insects was found to be associated with weed plants within these transformed agroecosystems, which provided supplementary trophic resources and refuge to the beneficial insects. This study provides interesting data for integrated pest management plans and ecological restoration programs, and contributes to the knowledge of the biology of the species reported.

Published
2019

33. Coopercuc: caminos para la valorización de los recursos locales y para la convivencia con la región semiárida

Author

Gentile, Chiara and Burgos, Andrés

Subjects
Capital social, Semiárido Brasileiro, Brazilian semiarid region, Living in harmony with the semiarid, Local development, Desarrollo local, Desenvolvimento Local, Convivencia con la región semiárida, Convivência com o Semiárido, Social capital, Coopercuc, Family farming, Agricultura familiar, Semiárido brasileño
Abstract

The history and evolution of the experience of the Cooperativa Agropecuária Familiar de Canudos, Uauá and Curaçá - Coopercuc, located in the state of Bahia, (Northeastern Brazil), exemplify the successful assertion of events and socio-cultural processes that can reverse the effects of some of the historical and sociopolitical factors associated with the main weaknesses of the Brazilian semiarid region. This article presents the context of this region and its critical issues. It seeks to show the sense of coexistence with the semiarid climate resulting from participation in the cooperative and in agroecological practices. It examines in an exploratory mode the history of Coopercuc, through field work, semi-structured interviews and qualitative data collection. Findings point to processes, agents and results that build a local development experience, which can be considered virtuous because of the sustainable and local social relations that foster integrated pathways of change and benefits., Dentro del contexto de apropiación discursiva de la convivencia con la región semiárida brasileña, la historia y la evolución de la experiencia de la Cooperativa Agropecuaria Familiar de Canudos, Uauá y Curaçá (Coopercuc), Bahía, ejemplifican la afirmación exitosa de los acontecimientos y procesos sociales y culturales capaces de revertir los efectos de algunos de los factores históricos y sociopolíticos asociados a las principales fragilidades de la región. Considerando esto, este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar el significado de la convivencia con la región semiárida a partir del análisis de esta experiencia de agricultura familiar y de la práctica del desarrollo rural en la región semiárida. Para lograr este objetivo, se realizó una investigación exploratoria a través de visitas de campo, entrevistas semiestructuradas y recolección de datos cualitativos, orientados a la reconstrucción de la historia de la cooperativa y a la evaluación de sus efectos. Las conclusiones apuntan a procesos, agentes y resultados que construyen una experiencia situada de desarrollo que, por generar posibles vías de cambios y beneficios duraderos integrados con el tejido social local, puede ser considerada virtuosa., Dentro do contexto de apropriação discursiva da convivência com o semiárido brasileiro, a história e a evolução da experiência da Cooperativa Agropecuária Familiar de Canudos, Uauá e Curaçá (Coopercuc), BA, exemplificam a afirmação exitosa de eventos e processos sociais e culturais aptos para reverter os efeitos de alguns dos fatores históricos e sociopolíticos associados às principais fragilidades dessa região. Diante disso, este estudo tem o objetivo de examinar o sentido de convivência com o semiárido a partir da análise dessa experiência de agricultura familiar e prática de desenvolvimento rural no semiárido. Para atingir o objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória por meio de visitas de campo, entrevistas semiestruturadas e coleta de dados qualitativos, visando à reconstrução da história da cooperativa e à avaliação de seus efeitos. As conclusões apontam para processos, agentes e resultados que constroem uma experiência situada de desenvolvimento que, por gerar caminhos possíveis de mudança e benefícios duradouros integrados com o tecido social local, pode ser considerada virtuosa.

Published
2016
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34. Métodos de almacenamiento de semillas Cinchona Pubescens Vahl., Imbabura, Ecuador.

Author

Cué García, Jorge Luis, Cuasque Peñafie, Yajaira Alexandra, Vallejos Alvarez, Hugo Vinicio, Añazco Romero, Mario José, Palacios Cuenca, Walter Armando, and Carrión Burgos, Andrés Manolo

Subjects
SEED storage, SEED viability, SEED harvesting, FOREST management, SEED quality, GERMINATION
Abstract

Copyright of Revista Cubana de Ciencias Forestales is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2020

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