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Zika, dengue, and Yellow fever are transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Investigations to find more natural but highly effective pesticidal agents against Ae. aegypti have increased in the last few years. Plant-based compounds have been the source of several current pesticides and have provided models for creation of synthetic derivatives like the pyrethroids. Plants continue to be a rich source for potential new active ingredients. The aim of this study is to increase knowledge on V. dioscoridis and to present the results of the cytotoxic and insecticidal activities of various extracts of its roots and volatile compound compositions of roots. The hexane and chloroform extracts, HM1 and CM1 respectively, exhibited cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 128.4 and 86.93 mg/mL against the HepG2 cell line. Because CM1 had higher cytotoxicity across the studied concentration range, it was also tested against the HUVEC cell line. Extracts HM1 and CM1 were also tested for their insecticidal activities. CM1 was found to be the more active (mortality (\%) = 96.7\% +/- 5.8 at 5 mu g/mosquito), consistent with its cytotoxic activity. Since these active extracts were nonpolar, the chemical composition of the volatile compounds of the roots were analyzed by GC-MS analysis. About 87.7\% of the essential oil were characterized. The major compound was beta-eudesmol (9.2\%), following by camphene (8.9\%), bornyl acetate (8.2\%) and maaliol (7.6\%). This is the first study on the HepG2 and HUVEC cytotoxicity and insecticidal activity of V. dioscoridis. Further studies on the potential of this plant to define the spectrum of activity and examine potential therapeutic agents is warranted. (C) 2021 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Bardakci, Hilal/0000-0001-8799-6565 WOS:000488195200010 The purpose of the present work is to screen phenolic composition and evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the main extract and subextracts of Salvia heldreichiana, an endemic plant from Turkey. The aerial parts have been powdered and extracted with MeOH initially and then partitioned with chloroform (CHCl3), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) for the generation of subextracts along with the remaining water (R-H2O). Total phenolic, phenolic acid, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents present in the MeOH, CHCl3, EtOAc and R-H2O extracts were measured. Presence of 22 phenolic metabolites were confirmed by utilizing LC-MS/MS in MRM scan mode and then Rosmarinic acid (RA) contents of each extract were quantified by HPTLC-densitometry, since the biological effects of many medicinal plants, including Salvia sp. is attributed to RA content. Antioxidant capacities of the aforementioned extracts were estimated using several procedures including free radical scavenging and metal-associated activity and then disc diffusion method was employed to designate their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The results obtained from the current study has revealed a positive correlation between the phenolic composition and the antioxidant profile as well as the antimicrobial activities of the extracts. Among the tested extracts, EtOAc subextract showed the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities consistent with the highest phenolic and RA content. (C) 2019 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2019.19034Delphinium species are well-known toxic plants with their diterpenoid alkaloid contents. There has been no previous investigation on the cytotoxicity of Delphinium formosum Boiss. & Huet. The extracts of the different parts of D. formosum, an endemic species in Turkey, were investigated for their cytotoxic activity against the human liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2) and primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The cytotoxic effects of twelve extracts and subfractions were determined against HepG2 cells using MTT assay. The only active extract was applied to the HUVEC as a model for healthy cells. Only one of the alkaloid-containing extracts from the aerial parts was toxic (IC50 = 244,9 μg/mL against HepG2 and 144,4 μg/mL against HUVEC), while the root extracts were inactive. The results were improbable although it’s predicted secondary metabolites, such as diterpene alkaloids (methyllycaconitine, browniine, lycoctonine, avardharidine, antranoyllycoctonine, delsemine A/B and lycoctonine). Based on previous studies in literature, the cytotoxic plants were also expected to exhibit insecticidal activity. Therefore, the cytotoxic extract of D. formosum was examined for its adulticidal and larvicidal activity against the yellow fever, dengue fevers and Zika virus vector Aedes aegypti L.You may cite this article as: Sen-Utsukarci B, Tabanca N, Estep AS, Akbal-Dağıstan Ö, Kessler SM, Öztürk Z, Becnel J, Kiemer AK, Mat A (2019). The Cytotoxicity and Insecticidal Activity of Extracts from Delphinium formosum Boiss. & Huet. Istanbul J Pharm 10.26650/IstanbulJPharm.2019.19034.

Kiemer, Alexandra K./0000-0002-7224-9900; DAGISTAN, OZLEM AKBAL/0000-0002-6524-3535, WOS: 000489295500007, PubMed: 32597129, Valeriana is a common plant species used for various healing purposes in folk medicine since antiquity. This study investigates the phytochemical profile, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and insecticidal activity of Valeriana alliariifolia Adams, a species that has traditionally been used in Turkey. For the analyses we prepared four root extracts of V. alliariifolia Adams using hexane (HM1), chloroform (CM1), ethanol (EM1), and water (WM1) for maceration. Additionally, two extracts were also prepared from its roots by maceration separately with ethanol (EM2) and water (WM2). One sample was prepared as a water infusion (WI), according to the procedure used in Turkish traditional medicine. the 2,2-Diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity tests showed that ethanol extracts had the strongest antioxidant activity: EM1 (IC50 - DPPH: 17.694 mu g/mL; ABTS: 23.8 mu g/mL) and EM2 (IC50 - DPPH: 20 mu g/mL; ABTS: 21.5 mu g/mL). the hexane extract, HM1, was the most cytotoxic (IC50, Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program grants from the US Department of Defense Armed Forces Pest Management Board; US Department of Defense Armed Forces Pest Management Board, This study was partly funded by the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program grants from the US Department of Defense Armed Forces Pest Management Board.

Verbascum L. species are used for different medicinal purposes in Turkish folk medicine such as diuretic, expectorant, laxative, mucolytic, sedative, sudorific, and wound healer. Five Verbascum species, two of which are used in medicine, were investigated for their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Determination of the total phenolic compounds, DPPH and ABTS methods were preferred for the antioxidant tests. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of the extracts, which were not studied previously, were investigated against pathogenic and potential pathogenic agents. The cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT and LDH tests. This study is very important for finding new therapeutic sources and also new, natural sources for food preservation.