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Table S5. Inhibition zone diameter and zone interpretation of antibiotic drugs. Antibiotic drugs used in this study were classified into four different modes of inhibition including cell-wall synthesis inhibitors (6 drugs), protein synthesis inhibitors (9 drugs), DNA synthesis inhibitors (4 drugs), and antimetabolite (1 drug). The zone of inhibition was interpreted as susceptible (S), intermediate (I), or resistant (R), according to a standard protocol of Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and Ref. [20]. The interpretation according to EUCAST and CLSI 2013 was used for veterinary practice, described in EUCAST and CLSI-potency Neo-Sensitabsâ ˘ Userâ s Guide 2013, rev. date 11-04-2013 [30]. (DOC 3973 kb)

Table S3. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Thai serotype 2â Streptococcus suis. Human patients (27 strains) and pigs (32 strains), including asymptomatic (7 strains) and diseased pigs (25 strains). AMP: ampicillin, AZM: azithromycin, CTX: cefotaxime, CTF: ceftiofur, CFL: cephalexin, CHL: chloramphenicol, CIP: ciprofloxacin, CLI: clindamycin, DOX: doxycycline, ENR: enrofloxacin, ERY: erythromycin, FFC: florfenicol, GEN: gentamicin, LEV: levofloxacin, NOR: norfloxacin, PEN: penicillin G, SXT: sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, TET: tetracyclin, TIA: tiamulin, VAN: vancomycin. S: susceptible; I: intermediate; R: resistant. The asterisk indicates statistical significance with P-value

Figure S3. Heatmap illustrates susceptibility, i.e. susceptible, intermediate, and resistant, of Streptococcus suis, grouped based on serotypes, towards testing antibiotic drugs. The isolated bacteria were clustered into four serotypes, including serotype 2 (n = 59), non-serotype 2 (n = 73), autoagglutinating (n = 91) and non-typable (n = 39). Associations between source of isolation and susceptibility of each antibiotic drug were analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square dependent test. The asterisk indicates that null hypothesis of the Chi-square test was rejected (P-value

Table S4. Source of Streptococcus suis isolated strains and numbers of strains used in this study. Thai S. suis strains used in this study were isolated during 2006–2007, except 23 strains of serotype 2 S. suis obtained from central regions #2 (Nakhon Pathom) were isolated during 2012–2015. Non-serotype 2 S. suis isolated from diseased pigs includes serotype 1 (1 strain), 14 (1 strain), 16 (1 strain), 22 (2 strains), 23 (1 strain), 25 (1 strain), and 34 (1 strain). Non-serotype 2 S. suis isolated from asymptomatic pigs includes serotypes 1 (1 strain), 3 (5 strains), 5 (3strains), 7 (2 strains), 9 (7 strains), 12 (2 strains), 15 (1 strain), 16 (5 strains), 19 (2 strains), 21 (1 strain), 22 (17 strains), 24 (2strains), 25 (1 strain), 27 (1 strain), 28 (2 strains), 29(4 strains), 30 (6 strains), and 34 (3 strains). (DOC 3934 kb)

Table S2. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Thai Streptococcus suis strains isolated from diseased pigs during 2006–2007 and 2012–2015. During 2006–2007, the S. suis strains were isolated from different regions of the country (northern, 11 strains; central, 6 strains, and southern, 6 strains). All of the S. suis strains isolated during 2012–2015 (23 strains) were collected from central regions of the country. AMP: ampicillin, AZM: azithromycin, CTX: cefotaxime, CTF: ceftiofur, CFL: cephalexin, CHL: chloramphenicol, CIP: ciprofloxacin, CLI: clindamycin, DOX: doxycycline, ENR: enrofloxacin, ERY: erythromycin, FFC: florfenicol, GEN: gentamicin, LEV: levofloxacin, NOR: norfloxacin, PEN: penicillin G, SXT: sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, TET: tetracyclin, TIA: tiamulin, VAN: vancomycin. S: susceptible; I: intermediate; R: resistant. The asterisk indicates statistical significance with P-value