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36. Emotion regulation strategies differentially modulate neural activity across affective prediction stages: An HD-EEG investigation.

Author

Cristaldi, Fiorella Del Popolo, Mento, Giovanni, Buodo, Giulia, and Sarlo, Michela

Subjects
MOTOR cortex, EMOTION regulation, AFFECT (Psychology), PREFRONTAL cortex, EVOKED potentials (Electrophysiology), PREDICTION models
Abstract

Emotion regulation (ER) strategies can influence how affective predictions are constructed by the brain (generation stage) to prearrange action (implementation stage) and update internal models according to incoming stimuli (updating stage). However, neurocomputational mechanisms by which this is achieved are unclear. We investigated through high-density EEG if different ER strategies (expressive suppression vs. cognitive reappraisal) predicted event-related potentials (ERPs) and brain source activity across affective prediction stages, as a function of contextual uncertainty. An S1-S2 paradigm with emotional faces and pictures as S1s and S2s was presented to 36 undergraduates. Contextual uncertainty was manipulated across three blocks with 100, 75, or 50% S1-S2 affective congruency. The effects of ER strategies, as assessed through the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, on ERP and brain source activity were tested for each prediction stage through linear mixed-effects models. No ER strategy affected prediction generation. During implementation, in the 75% block, a higher tendency to suppress emotions predicted higher activity in the left supplementary motor area at 1,500-2,000ms post-stimulus, and smaller amplitude of the Contingent Negative Variation at 2,000-2,500ms. During updating, in the 75% block, a higher tendency to cognitively reappraise emotions predicted larger P2, Late Positive Potential, and right orbitofrontal cortex activity. These results suggest that both ER strategies interact with the levels of contextual uncertainty by differently modulating ERPs and source activity, and that different strategies are deployed in a moderately predictive context, supporting the efficient updating of affective predictive models only in the context in which model updating occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. A test of the pathway model of problematic smartphone use

Author

Canale, N, Moretta, T, Pancani, L, Buodo, G, Vieno, A, Dalmaso, M, Billieux, J, Canale, Natale, Moretta, Tania, Pancani, Luca, Buodo, Giulia, Vieno, Alessio, Dalmaso, Mario, Billieux, Joël, Canale, N, Moretta, T, Pancani, L, Buodo, G, Vieno, A, Dalmaso, M, Billieux, J, Canale, Natale, Moretta, Tania, Pancani, Luca, Buodo, Giulia, Vieno, Alessio, Dalmaso, Mario, and Billieux, Joël

Abstract

Background and aims: Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been described as a growing public health issue. In the current study, we aimed to provide a unique and comprehensive test of the pathway model of PSU. This model posits three distinct developmental pathways leading to PSU: (1) the excessive reassurance pathway, (2) the impulsive pathway and (3) the extraversion pathway.Methods: Undergraduate students (n = 795, 69.8% female, mean age = 23.80 years, sd = 3.02) completed online self-report measures of PSU (addictive use, antisocial use and dangerous use) and the psychological features (personality traits and psychopathological symptoms) underlying the three pathways.Results: Bayesian analyses revealed that addictive use is mainly driven by the excessive reassurance pathway and the impulsive pathway, for which candidate etiopathological factors include heightened negative urgency, a hyperactive behavioural inhibition system and symptoms of social anxiety. Dangerous and antisocial use are mainly driven by the impulsive pathway and the extraversion pathway, for which candidate etiopathological factors include specific impulsivity components (lack of premeditation and sensation seeking) and primary psychopathy (inclination to lie, lack of remorse, callousness and manipulativeness).Discussion and conclusions: The present study constitutes the first comprehensive test of the pathway model of PSU. We provide robust and original results regarding the psychological dimensions associated with each of the postulated pathways of PSU, which should be taken into account when considering regulation of smartphone use or tailoring prevention protocols to reduce problematic usage patterns.

Published
2021

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