10 results on '"Buntaran, Harimurti"'
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2. Assessing the response to genomic selection by simulation
- Author
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Buntaran, Harimurti, Bernal-Vasquez, Angela Maria, Gordillo, Andres, Sahr, Morten, Wimmer, Valentin, and Piepho, Hans-Peter
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Projecting results of zoned multi-environment trials to new locations using environmental covariates with random coefficient models: accuracy and precision
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Buntaran, Harimurti, Forkman, Johannes, and Piepho, Hans-Peter
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Assessing the Response to Genomic Selection by Simulation
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Buntaran, Harimurti, primary, Bernal-Vasquez, Angela Maria, additional, Gordillo, Andres, additional, Wimmer, Valentin, additional, Sahr, Morten, additional, and Piepho, Hans-Peter, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Statistical methods for analysis of multienvironment trials in plant breeding : accuracy and precision
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Buntaran, Harimurti
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mixed models ,Gemischte Modelle ,Landwirtschaft ,Kreuzvalidierung ,genotype-environment interactions ,ddc:630 ,biostatistics ,Pflanzenzüchtung ,Agriculture ,cross-validation ,Biostatistik ,Genotyp-Umwelt-Interaktionen ,Plant breeding - Abstract
Multienvironment trials (MET) are carried out every year in different environmental conditions to evaluate a vast number of cultivars, i.e., yield, because different cultivars perform differently in various environmental conditions, known as genotype×environment interactions. MET aim to provide accurate information on cultivar performance so that a recommendation of which cultivar performs the best in a growers field condition can be available. MET data is often analysed via mixed models, which allow the cultivar effect to be random. The random effect of cultivar enables genetic correlation to be exploited across zones and considering the trials heterogeneity. A zone can be viewed as a larger target of population environments. The accuracy and precision of the cultivar predictions are crucial to be evaluated. The prediction accuracy can be evaluated via a cross-validation (CV) study, and the model selection can be done based on the lowest mean squared error prediction (MSEP). Also, since the trials locations hardly coincide with growers field, the precision of predictions needs to be evaluated via standard errors of predictions of cultivar values (SEPV) and standard errors of the predictions of pairwise differences of cultivar values (SEPD). The central objective of this thesis is to assess the model performance and conduct model selection via a CV study for zone-based cultivar predictions. Chapter 2 assessed the performance between empirical best linear unbiased estimations (EBLUE) and empirical best linear unbiased predictions (EBLUP) for zone-based prediction. Different CV schemes were done for the single-year and multi-year datasets to mimic the practice. A complex covariance structure such as factor-analytic (FA) was imposed to account for the heterogeneity of cultivar×zone (CZ) effect. The MSEP showed that the EBLUP models outperformed the EBLUE models. The zonation was necessary since it improved the accuracy and was preferable to make cultivar recommendations. The FA structure did not improve the accuracy compared to the simpler covariance structure, and so the EBLUP model with a simple covariance structure is sufficient for the single and multi-year datasets. Chapter 3 assessed the single-stage and stagewise analyses. The three weighting methods were compared in the stagewise analysis: two diagonal approximation methods and the fully efficient method with the unweighted analysis. The assessment was based on the MSEP instead of Pearsons and Spearmans correlation coefficients since the correlation coefficients are often very close between the compared models. The MSEP showed that the single-stage EBLUP and the stagewise weighting EBLUP strategy were very similar. Thus, the loss of information due to diagonal approximation is minor. In fact, the MSEP showed a more apparent distinction between the single-stage and the stagewise weighting analyses with the unweighted EBLUE compared to the correlation coefficients. The simple compound-symmetric covariance structure was sufficient for the CZ effect than the more complex structures. The choice between the single-stage and stagewise weighting analysis, thus, depends on the computational resources and the practicality of data handling. Chapter 4 assessed the accuracy and precision of the predictions for the new locations. The environmental covariates were combined with the EBLUP in the random coefficient (RC) models since the covariates provide more information for the new locations. The MSEP showed that the RC models were not the model with the smallest MSEP, but the RC models had the lowest SEPV and SEPD. Thus, the model selection can be done by joint consideration of the MSEP, SEPV, and SEPD. The models with EBLUE and covariate interaction effects performed poorly regarding the MSEP. The EBLUP models without RC performed best, but the SEPV and SEPD were large, considered unreliable. The covariate scale and selection are essential to obtain a positive definite covariance matrix. Employing unstructured covariance int the RC is crucial to maintaining the RC models invariance feature. The RC framework is suitable to be implemented with GIS data to provide an accurate and precise projection of cultivar performance for the new locations or environments. To conclude, the EBLUP model for zoned-based predictions should be preferred to obtain the predictions and rankings closer to the true values and rankings. The stagewise weighting analysis can be recommended due to its practicality and its computational efficiency. Furthermore, projecting cultivar performances to the new locations should be done to provide more targeted information for growers. The available environmental covariates can be utilised to improve the predictions accuracy and precision in the new locations in the RC model framework. Such information is certainly more valuable for growers and breeders than just providing means across a whole target population of environments. Multi-Umwelt-Versuche (MET) werden unter verschiedenen Umweltbedingungen durchgeführt, um eine große Anzahl von Sorten, d.h. den Ertrag, zu bewerten, da verschiedene Sorten unter verschiedenen Umweltbedingungen unterschiedlich abschneiden, was als Genotyp×Umwelt-Interaktionen bekannt ist. Ziel der MET ist es, genaue Informationen über die Leistung der Sorten zu liefern, damit den Landwirten eine Empfehlung gegeben werden kann. MET-Daten werden häufig mit Hilfe von gemischten Modellen analysiert, bei denen der Effekt der Sorte zufällig ist. Der Zufallseffekt der Sorte ermöglicht es, die genetische Korrelation zwischen den Zonen zu nutzen und die Heterogenität der Versuche zu berücksichtigen. Eine Zone kann als ein größeres Ziel von Populationsumgebungen betrachtet werden. Die Genauigkeit und Präzision der Sortenvorhersagen müssen unbedingt bewertet werden. Die Vorhersagegenauigkeit kann durch eine Kreuzvalidierungsstudie (CV) bewertet werden, und die Modellauswahl kann auf der Grundlage der Vorhersage mit dem niedrigsten mittleren quadratischen Fehler (MSEP) erfolgen. Da die Versuchsstandorte kaum mit den Feldern der Landwirte übereinstimmen, muss auch die Genauigkeit der Vorhersagen anhand der Standardfehler der Vorhersagen der Sortenwerte (SEPV) und der Standardfehler der Vorhersagen der paarweisen Unterschiede der Sortenwerte (SEPD) bewertet werden. Das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit ist die Bewertung der Modellleistung und die Durchführung einer Modellauswahl mittels einer CV-Studie für zonenbasierte Sortenvorhersagen. In Kapitel 2 wurde die Leistung der empirisch besten linearen unvoreingenommenen Schätzungen (EBLUE) und der empirisch besten linearen unvoreingenommenen Vorhersagen (EBLUP) für die zonenbasierte Vorhersage bewertet. Für die ein- und mehrjährigen Datensätze wurden verschiedene CV-Schemata angewandt, um die Praxis zu imitieren. Eine komplexe Kovarianzstruktur wie die faktorenanalytische (FA) wurde eingeführt, um die Heterogenität des Effekts von Sorte×Zone (CZ) zu berücksichtigen. Der MSEP zeigte, dass die EBLUP-Modelle die EBLUE-Modelle übertrafen. Die Zonierung war notwendig, da sie die Genauigkeit verbesserte und bevorzugt zu Anbauempfehlungen führte. Die FA-Struktur verbesserte die Genauigkeit nicht im Vergleich zur einfacheren Kovarianzstruktur. Somit ist das EBLUP-Modell mit einer einfachen Kovarianzstruktur ausreichend. In Kapitel 3 wurden die einstufigen und stufenweisen Analysen bewertet. Bei der stufenweisen Analyse wurden die drei Gewichtungsmethoden miteinander verglichen. Die Bewertung erfolgte anhand des MSEP anstelle der Korrelationskoeffizienten von Pearson und Spearman, da die Korrelationskoeffizienten zwischen den verglichenen Modellen oft sehr eng beieinander liegen. Der MSEP zeigte, dass die einstufige EBLUP- und die stufenweise gewichtete EBLUP-Strategie sehr ähnlich waren. Der Informationsverlust durch die diagonale Approximation ist also gering. Der MSEP zeigte einen deutlicheren Unterschied zwischen den einstufigen und den stufenweisen gewichteten Analysen mit dem ungewichteten EBLUE im Vergleich zu den Korrelationskoeffizienten. Die einfache compound-symmetrische Kovarianzstruktur reichte für den CZ-Effekt besser aus als die komplexeren Strukturen. Die Wahl zwischen der einstufigen und der stufenweisen Gewichtungsanalyse hängt also von den Rechenressourcen und der Praktikabilität der Datenverarbeitung ab. In Kapitel 4 wurden die Genauigkeit und Präzision der Vorhersagen für die neuen Standorte bewertet. Die Umweltkovariaten wurden mit dem EBLUP in den Zufallskoeffizientenmodellen (RC) kombiniert, da die Kovariaten mehr Informationen für die neuen Standorte liefern. Der MSEP zeigte, dass die RC-Modelle nicht das Modell mit dem kleinsten MSEP waren, aber die RC-Modelle hatten den niedrigsten SEPV und SEPD. Daher kann die Modellauswahl durch eine gemeinsame Betrachtung von MSEP, SEPV und SEPD erfolgen. Die Modelle mit EBLUE und Kovariaten-Interaktionseffekten schnitten in Bezug auf den MSEP schlecht ab. Die EBLUP-Modelle ohne RC schnitten am besten ab, aber der SEPV und SEPD waren groß und wurden als unzuverlässig angesehen. Die Skalierung und die Auswahl der Kovariaten sind wesentlich, um eine positiv definite Kovarianzmatrix zu erhalten. Die Verwendung einer unstrukturierten Kovarianz in der RC ist entscheidend für die Aufrechterhaltung der Invarianz der RC-Modelle. Der RC-Rahmen eignet sich für die Implementierung mit GIS-Daten, um eine genaue und präzise Projektion der Leistung von Kulturpflanzen für neue Standorte oder Umgebungen zu erhalten. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die Analyse von MET durch EBLUP-Modelle und die Einbeziehung von Umweltkovariaten in die Modelle verbessert werden kann.
- Published
- 2021
6. Cross-validation of stagewise mixed-model analysis of Swedish variety trials with winter wheat and spring barley
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Buntaran, Harimurti, Piepho, Hans-Peter, Schmidt, Paul, Rydén, Jesper, Halling, Magnus, and Forkman, Johannes
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Agricultural Science - Abstract
In cultivar testing, linear mixed models have been used routinely to analyze multienvironment trials. A single‐stage analysis is considered as the gold standard, whereas two‐stage analysis produces similar results when a fully efficient weighting method is used, namely when the full variance–covariance matrix of the estimated means from Stage 1 is forwarded to Stage 2. However, in practice, this may be hard to do and a diagonal approximation is often used. We conducted a cross‐validation with data from Swedish cultivar trials on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to assess the performance of single‐stage and two‐stage analyses. The fully efficient method and two diagonal approximation methods were used for weighting in the two‐stage analyses. In Sweden, cultivar recommendation is delineated by zones (regions), not individual locations. We demonstrate the use of best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) for cultivar effects per zone, which exploits correlations between zones and thus allows information to be borrowed across zones. Complex variance–covariance structures were applied to allow for heterogeneity of cultivar × zone variance. The single‐stage analysis and the three weighted two‐stage analyses all performed similarly. Loss of information caused by a diagonal approximation of the variance–covariance matrix of adjusted means from Stage 1 was negligible. As expected, BLUP outperformed best linear unbiased estimation. Complex variance–covariance structures were dispensable. To our knowledge, this study is the first to use cross‐validation for comparing single‐stage analyses with stagewise analyses.
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- 2020
7. Cross‐validation of stagewise mixed‐model analysis of Swedish variety trials with winter wheat and spring barley
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Buntaran, Harimurti, primary, Piepho, Hans‐Peter, additional, Schmidt, Paul, additional, Rydén, Jesper, additional, Halling, Magnus, additional, and Forkman, Johannes, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. A Cross-Validation of Statistical Models for Zoned-Based Prediction in Cultivar Testing
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Buntaran, Harimurti, Piepho, Hans-Peter, Hagman, Jannie, and Forkman, Johannes
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Agricultural Science - Abstract
The principal goals of a plant breeding program are to provide breeders with cultivar information for selection purposes and to provide farmers with high-yielding and stable cultivars. For that reason, multi-environment trials need to be done to predict future cultivar yield, and a robust statistical procedure is needed to provide reliable information on the tested cultivars. In Sweden, the statistical procedure follows the tradition of modeling cultivar effects as fixed. Moreover, the analysis is performed separately by zone and level of fungicide treatment, and so the factorial information regarding cultivar x zone x fungicide combinations is not explored. Thus, the question arose whether the statistical method could be improved to increase accuracy in zone-based cultivar prediction, since the cultivar recommendation is zone based. In this paper, the performance of empirical best linear unbiased estimation (E-BLUE) and empirical best linear unbiased prediction (E-BLUP) are compared using cross-validation for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), in single-year and multiyear series of trials. Data were obtained from three agricultural zones of Sweden. Several linear mixed models were compared, and model performance was evaluated using the mean squared error of prediction criterion. The E-BLUP method outperformed the E-BLUE method in both crops and series. The prediction accuracy for zone-based yield was improved by using E-BLUP because the random-effects assumption for cultivar x zone interaction allows information to be borrowed across zones. We conclude that E-BLUP should replace the currently used E-BLUE approach to predict zone-based cultivar yield.
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- 2019
9. Performance of empirical BLUE and empirical BLUP in Swedish crop variety testing
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Buntaran, Harimurti, Piepho, Hans-Peter, Forkman, Johannes, and Hagman, Jannie
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10106 Probability Theory and Statistics ,Agricultural Science - Published
- 2018
10. A Cross‐Validation of Statistical Models for Zoned‐Based Prediction in Cultivar Testing
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Buntaran, Harimurti, primary, Piepho, Hans‐Peter, additional, Hagman, Jannie, additional, and Forkman, Johannes, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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