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Brazil is a major producer of food, fiber and renewable energy, having great importance for the world’s food security. The country has substantially invested in Research, Development and Innovation (RD&I) in the last four decades and the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) has been coordinating this effort. This study aimed to explore the association between centrality measures for research networking and the generation of innovations by Embrapa research centers and their partner institutions. The study analyzed patent applications from Embrapa between the years 1980 and 2009. The methodological techniques applied were social network analysis, correlation and simple linear regression. Results indicate that the greater centrality in research centers networks of Empraba were associated with higher levels of innovation. Results also evidenced the importance of networks, such as the National Agricultural Research System (SNPA, in portuguese), on generating innovation for agriculture. These findings suggest that public policies promoting agricultural innovation should be designed to strengthen collaboration among institutions and not only with individual scientists.

Objetivou-se avaliar a fermentação e a composição química de silagens da parte aérea e da espiga de milho, submetidas ou não à geada. Avaliou-se a inoculação microbiana, no experimento 1, da silagem de parte aérea de milho, e no experimento 2, da silagem de espiga de milho, submetidas ou não à geada, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2. Em silagens de parte aérea de milho, a inoculação não influenciou os teores de matéria seca (MS), matéria orgânica (MO), proteína bruta (PB) e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS), com média de 57,49%, e nitrogênio amoniacal (N-NH3) e perdas de MS, com médias iguais a 6,07%N total e 0,99%, respectivamente. A geada acarretou menor teor de MS, 23,05% vs 26,48%MS, respectivamente, e maior teor de PB das silagens, 7,13 vs 6,00%PB. As silagens de espiga de milho expostas à geada apresentaram maiores teores de MS e MO, sem influência nos teores de PB, 1,71%. A geada afetou a composição química das silagens da parte aérea de milho e da espiga de milho e todas apresentaram pH adequado. Constatou-se que a inoculação não influencia a fermentação e composição química das silagens de parte aérea de milho e de espiga de milho submetidas à geada. Two experiments were run to evaluate the fermentation and the chemical composition of corn silages, aerial part and ear of corn, submitted or not to frost, with or without microbial inoculation, both completely randomized experimental design, in 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Samples were taken before and after of ensilage. In the aerial part silage, inoculation did not influence the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM), with an average of 57.49%, and ammonia-N (NH3-N) and DM losses, with means equal to 6.07% total N and 0.99% respectively. The frost caused lower DM content, 23.05% vs 26.48%DM, respectively, and higher CP content of silages, 7.13 vs 6.00% CP. The ear of corn silage exposed to frost had higher DM and OM, without influence on CP, 1.71%. The frost affected the chemical composition of corn silages, aerial part and ear of corn, and they had proper pH. Inoculation did not influence the fermentation and chemical composition of corn silages, aerial part and ear of corn, submitted or not to frost.

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar geneticamente as melhores progênies de erva-mate, quanto aos caracteres de crescimento, provenientes de plantas nativas da área indígena de Caarapó, Mato Grosso do Sul. O teste de progênie foi instalado sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso com 30 tratamentos, 5 repetições e 10 plantas por parcela em linhas simples, no espaçamento 3 x 2 m. Aos 14 meses de idade, as progênies foram avaliadas quanto aos caracteres altura total das mudas e diâmetro do coleto. A herdabilidade individual no sentido restrito para os caracteres estudados pode ser considerada de média a alta magnitude (0,15 e 0,28), respectivamente, para altura e diâmetro. Os ganhos genéticos estimados com a seleção individual variaram para altura de 5,23 a 8,51 cm e para diâmetro de 2,08 a 3,15 mm. Os valores genéticos preditos com propagação sexuada e assexuada indicam maiores possibilidades de ganhos com a implantação de plantios clonais. Na avaliação da sobreposição de geração, pelos resultados verifica-se que, em geral, os indivíduos da geração atual tendem a ser melhores do que aqueles provenientes da geração anterior. This study aimed at the genetic evaluation of growth of the best erva-mate progenies derived from native individual selected at the Indian reserve in Caarapó, Mato Grosso do Sul State. Experimental design of the progeny test was randomized blocks with 30 treatments, 5 replicates and 10 plants per plot in single rows at 3 x 2 m spacing. Fourteen months old, progenies were evaluated for height and diameter of seedlings. Restrict individual heritability were of medium and high magnitudes (0.15 and 0.28) for height and diameter respectively. Estimated genetic gains with individual selection ranged from 5.23 to 8.51 cm for height and from 2.08 to 3.15 mm for diameter. Predicted genetic values with sexual and asexual propagation indicate better gain potentials for the latter. Evaluation overlapping generations indicate that individuals from current generation tend to be better than the ones from the preceding generation.