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The spectroscopy of molecular vibrations using mid-infrared or near-infrared techniques was used more and more to characterize different compounds, including edible oil, in order to monitor any changes and to detect fraudulent modifications. This article presents a new method for quantitative adulteration of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) or corn germ oil (CGO) with a mineral oil, such as paraffin oil (PO). A Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometric method, using ATR spectra, was developed for the rapid, direct measurement of edible oils adulteration. The results indicate the efficiency of the proposed method for the detection of paraffin oil in adulteration of EVOO and CGO with RSD (< 3.0%). Graphical abstract:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important posttranscriptional regulators of metabolism and energy homeostasis. Dysregulation of certain miRNAs in the liver has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), in part by impairing hepatic insulin sensitivity. By small RNA-sequencing analysis, we identified seven hepatic miRNAs (including miR-29b) that are consistently aberrantly expressed across five different rodent models of metabolic dysfunction that share the feature of insulin resistance (IR). We also showed that hepatic miR-29b exhibits persistent dysregulation during disease progression in a rat model of diabetes, UCD-T2DM. Furthermore, we observed that hepatic levels of miR-29 family members are attenuated by interventions known to improve IR in rodent and rhesus macaque models. To examine the function of the miR-29 family in modulating insulin sensitivity, we used locked nucleic acid (LNA) technology and demonstrated that acute in vivo suppression of the miR-29 family in adult mice leads to significant reduction of fasting blood glucose (in both chow-fed lean and high-fat diet-fed obese mice) and improvement in insulin sensitivity (in chow-fed lean mice). We carried out whole transcriptome studies and uncovered candidate mechanisms, including regulation of DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a) and the hormone-encoding gene Energy homeostasis associated (Enho). In sum, we showed that IR/T2D is linked to dysregulation of hepatic miR-29b across numerous models and that acute suppression of the miR-29 family in adult mice leads to improved glycemic control. Future studies should investigate the therapeutic utility of miR-29 suppression in different metabolic disease states.Enho; insulin resistance; liver; microRNA-29 (miR-29); UCD-T2DM.

Abstract The current pandemic has disproportionally affected the workforce. To improve our understanding of the role that occupations play in the transmission of COVID-19, we analyse real-world network data that were collected in Bucharest between August 1st and October 31st 2020. The data record sex, age, and occupation of 6895 patients and the 13,272 people they have interacted with, thus providing a social network from an urban setting through which COVID-19 has spread. Quite remarkably, we find that medical occupations have no significant effect on the spread of the virus. Instead, we find common transmission chains to start with infected individuals who hold jobs in the private sector and are connected with non-active alters, such as spouses, siblings, or elderly relatives. We use relational hyperevent models to assess the most likely homophily and network effects in the community transmission. We detect homophily with respect to age and anti-homophily with respect to sex and employability. We note that, although additional data would be welcomed to perform more in-depth network analyses, our findings may help public authorities better target under-performing vaccination campaigns.

Infrared spectroscopy is a widely used method of analysis to monitor various characteristics in the honey products analysis, to highlight these changes and to detect fraudulent modifications. In this way honey products could not be avoided. This article reviews some of the most important applications of these spectroscopic procedures in order to discriminate different types of honey and other products published between 2015–2022.

Measurement(s) COVID-19 cases • Demographic individual-level data • Nonpharmaceutical interventions Technology Type(s) manual curation, checks for plausibility and completeness • manual curation, checks for plausibility, completeness, conformance • manual curation, data collection, checks for plausibility, completeness, conformance Sample Characteristic - Organism Homo sapiens Sample Characteristic - Environment Urban community Sample Characteristic - Location Bucharest, Romania

Living in recovery housing can improve addiction recovery and desistance outcomes. This study examined whether retention in recovery housing and types of discharge outcomes (completed, "neutral," and "negative" outcomes) differed for clients with recent criminal legal system (CLS) involvement. Using data from 101 recovery residences certified by the Virginia Association of Recovery Residences based on 1,978 individuals completing the REC-CAP assessment, competing risk analyses (cumulative incidence function, restricted mean survival time, and restricted mean time lost) followed by the marginalization of effects were implemented to examine program outcomes at final discharge. Residents with recent CLS involvement were more likely to be discharged for positive reasons (successful completion of their goals) and premature/negative reasons (e.g., disciplinary releases) than for neutral reasons. Findings indicate that retention for 6–18 months is essential to establish and maintain positive discharge outcomes, and interventions should be developed to enhance retention in recovery residents with recent justice involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The natural compounds of boron have many applications, primarily as a dietary supplement. The research is based on the discovery that the diester chlorogenoborate complex can be detected and quantified from green coffee beans. The study reports that such a diester molecule can also be synthesized in a stable form via the direct reaction of boric acid and chlorogenic acid in a mixture of acetonitrile–water (1:1, v/v) and left to evaporate over a period of 48 h at room temperature, resulting in a spirocyclic form (diester complex). The diester complex, with its molecular structure and digestibility attributes, has potential application as a prebiotic in gut health and oral health, and as a micronutrient essential for microbiota in humans and animals.

Recovery capital theory provides a biopsychosocial framework for identifying and measuring strengths and barriers that can be targeted to support recovery from alcohol and drug addiction. This systematic review analyzed and synthesized all quantitative approaches that have measured recovery capital since 2016. Three databases were searched to identify studies published from 2016 to 2023. Eligible studies explicitly stated they measured recovery capital in participants recovering from alcohol and/or drug addiction. Studies focusing on other forms of addiction were excluded. Sixty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Forty-six studies used one of the ten identified recovery capital questionnaires, and twenty-five studies used a measurement approach other than one of the ten recovery capital questionnaires. The ten recovery capital questionnaires are primarily developed for adult populations across clinical and community recovery settings, and between them measure 41 separate recovery capital constructs. They are generally considered valid and reliable measures of recovery capital. Nevertheless, a strong evidence base on the psychometric properties across diverse populations and settings still needs to be established for these questionnaires. The development of recovery capital questionnaires has been a significant advance in the field of addiction recovery, in alignment with the emerging recovery-oriented approach to addiction recovery care. Additionally, the non-recovery capital questionnaire-based approaches to recovery capital measurement have an important place in the field. They could be used alongside recovery capital questionnaires to test theory, and in contexts where the application of the questionnaires is not feasible, such as analyses of data from online recovery forums. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study evaluated the effects of tokens delivered on differential reinforcement of zero-rate behavior (DRO) schedules or noncontingently on tic suppression in 4 children with tics. Tic frequency was lower in 3 of 4 children when tokens were delivered contingent on the absence of tics than when tokens were delivered noncontingently. (Contains 1 figure.)

The advancements in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have expanded applications in food science, including in the analysis of edible oils and fats. Infrared spectroscopy is increasingly being employed to track changes in edible oils, determine these changes, and detect unauthorized modifications. This article presents a review of some of the most significant applications of infrared spectroscopy for distinguishing edible oils from 2015 to 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known regulators of lipid homeostasis. We recently demonstrated that miR-29 controls the levels of circulating cholesterol and triglycerides, but the mechanisms remained unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that systemic delivery of locked nucleic acid inhibitor of miR-29 (LNA29) through subcutaneous injection effectively suppresses hepatic expression of miR-29 and dampens de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in the liver of chow-fed mice. Next, we used mice with liver-specific deletion of Sirtuin 1 (L-Sirt1 KO), a validated target of miR-29, and demonstrated that the LNA29-induced reduction of circulating triglycerides, but not cholesterol, is dependent on hepatic Sirt1. Moreover, lipidomics analysis revealed that LNA29 suppresses hepatic triglyceride levels in a liver-Sirt1 dependent manner. A comparative transcriptomic study of liver tissue from LNA29-treated wild-type/floxed and L-Sirt1 KO mice identified the top candidate lipogenic genes and hepatokines through which LNA29 may confer its effects on triglyceride levels. The transcriptomic analysis also showed that fatty acid oxidation (FAO) genes respond differently to LNA29 depending on the presence of hepatic Sirt1. Overall, this study demonstrates the beneficial effects of LNA29 on DNL and circulating lipid levels. In addition, it provides mechanistic insight that decouples the effect of LNA29 on circulating triglycerides from that of circulating cholesterol.

Being a basic function of management, communication is a process of transforming the information as symbolic messages between two or several individuals, some with the status of transmitter and others with the status of receiver, by means of some specific channels. Over time, the concept of communication has experienced several very different meanings. In literature, the exact meaning of the concept of communication is still the topic of some lively debates, and the perspectives addressed and the methods are particularly varied.

The field of public health care is a major social objective in all countries of the world. The public health care assistance reflects an effort organised to protect and promote the health of population, being achievable through political-legislative measures, programs and strategies addressed to the forums in the field of public health, as well as by establishing an organisational framework that would favour the provision of medical services requested by the population. The implementation of the objectives of health policy and strategy is done by the Ministry of Public Health as central authority in the field of public health, and local actions of public health are developed and implemented by the county authorities of public health. Public health authorities in the ascribed territory operate under the subordination of the public health authorities. Also, the county public health authorities coordinate locally the implementation of the activities arising from obligations assumed under the Treaty of Accession of Romania to the European Union and the plans for implementing the Community instruments relating to health.

The organisational entity as a whole can provide the context in which high levels of motivation can be reached, by providing incentives and rewards, satisfaction in work and possibilities to learn and develop. To do this, it is necessary to understand the motivational process in organisational entities, which leads to eliminating the possibilities of occurrence of conflicts in these organisations. The idea that many conflicts are part of the life of modern organisations is admitted increasingly more nowadays. The division of labour and the specialisation of tasks create distinct and complex entities at the level of organisations

In binary cell‐fate decisions, driving one lineage and suppressing the other are conjoined. We have previously reported that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) promotes retinoic acid (RA)‐induced granulocytic differentiation of lineage bipotent HL‐60 myeloblastic leukemia cells. VAF347, an AhR agonist, impairs the development of CD14+CD11b+ monocytes from granulo‐monocytic (GM) stage precursors. We thus hypothesized that VAF347 propels RA‐induced granulocytic differentiation and impairs D3‐induced monocytic differentiation of HL‐60 cells. Our results show that VAF347 enhanced RA‐induced cell cycle arrest, CD11b integrin expression and neutrophil respiratory burst. Granulocytic differentiation is known to be driven by MAPK signaling events regulated by Fgr and Lyn Src‐family kinases, the CD38 cell membrane receptor, the Vav1 GEF, the c‐Cbl adaptor, as well as AhR, all of which are embodied in a putative signalsome. We found that the VAF347 AhR ligand regulates the signalsome. VAF347 augments RA‐induced expression of AhR, Lyn, Vav1, and c‐Cbl as well as p47phox. Several interactions of partners in the signalsome appear to be enhanced: Fgr interaction with c‐Cbl, CD38, and with pS259c‐Raf and AhR interaction with c‐Cbl and Lyn. Thus, we report that, while VAF347 impedes monocytic differentiation induced by 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3, VAF347 promotes RA‐induced differentiation. This effect seems to involve but not to be limited to Lyn, Vav1, c‐Cbl, AhR, and Fgr.

Transcription factors that drive non‐neoplastic myelomonocytic differentiation are well characterized but have not been systematically analyzed in the leukemic context. We investigated widely used, patient‐derived myeloid leukemia cell lines with proclivity for differentiation into granulocytes by retinoic acid (RA) and/or monocytes by 1,25‐dihyrdroxyvitamin D3 (D3). Using K562 (FAB M1), HL60 (FAB M2), RA‐resistant HL60 sublines, NB4 (FAB M3), and U937 (FAB M5), we correlated nuclear transcription factor expression to immunophenotype, G1/G0 cell cycle arrest and functional inducible oxidative metabolism. We found that myelomonocytic transcription factors are aberrantly expressed in these cell lines. Monocytic‐lineage factor EGR1 was not induced by D3 (the monocytic inducer) but instead by RA (the granulocytic inducer) in lineage bipotent myeloblastic HL60. In promyelocytic NB4 cells, EGR1 levels were increased by D3, while Gfi‐1 expression (which promotes the granulocytic lineage) was upregulated during D3‐induced monocytic differentiation in HL60, and by RA treatment in monocytic U937 cells. Furthermore, RARα and VDR expression were not strongly correlated to differentiation. In response to different differentiation inducers, U937 exhibited the most distinct transcription factor expression profile, while similarly mature NB4 and HL60 were better coupled. Overall, the differentiation induction agents RA and D3 elicited cell‐specific responses across these common FAB M1‐M5 cell lines.