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Platygaster baltica sp. nov. (Fig. 1-4) Holotype ♀: Latvia / forest 10 km SW of Jēkabpils / 23.VIII.-26.IX.2010 / Malaise trap, P.N. Buhl (ZMUC). Derivatio nominis: Named after the supranational region of the type locality. Diagnosis: Occiput with longitudinal and oblique lines posteriorly, transverse anteriorly; frons smooth except for median carina; female A1 longer than height of head, A9 1.33 times as long as wide; notauli nearly complete; scutellum low and smooth; fore wing 2.2 times as long as wide; female metasoma hardly as long as rest of body, with T1 hardly 0.4 as wide as T2 which is smooth. Description: ♀. Total body length 1.25 mm. Black; legs more or less pale brown, meso- and metafemora and distal half of metatibiae darkest; A1-A6 and mandibles medium brown, A1-A6 lighter ventrally; A7-A10, coxae and tegulae dark brown (procoxae somewhat lighter). Head in dorsal view (Fig. 1) 1.9 times as wide as long, about as wide as mesosoma; occiput with a longitudinal median carina from posterior margin over most of its length, obliquely carinate laterad of median carina, laterally vertically striated, anteriorly transversely striated, without hyperoccipital carina but two rather coarse, most anterior, transverse striae just behind ocellar area. Vertex finely pustulated. OOL:POL:LOL = 2.8:7.0:3.0. Frons smooth except for three transverse wrinkles just above antennal insertions, between these with a median longitudinal carina extending four-fifths of the way towards depression in front of anterior ocellus; frons also with an irregular row of setae along inner orbits. Compound eyes large, in lateral view higher than wide (11:7), 2.9 times as high as malar space, with sparse and very short interfacetal setae. Head in frontal view wider than high (22:18). Antenna (Fig. 2) with A1 longer than height of head (19:18), 1.35 times as long as distance between inner orbits. Measurements of antennomeres A1-A10 (length: width) = 19.0:3.0; 4.8:1.9; 2.2:1.5; 3.8:2.3; 3.0:2.0; 3.0:2.0; 3.3:2.8; 4.0:3.0; 4.0:3.0; 6.0:2.7. Flagellar setation short but distinct. Mesosoma 1.4 times as long as wide, slightly higher than wide. Lateral sides of pronotum with pustulate microsculpture in about anterior half, smooth in posterior half except for raised hair-sockets. Mesoscutum with a few setae along notauli and margins, smooth; mid lobe in anterior half and lateral lobes along narrow anterior margin and in posterior third pustulated leathery; admedian lines weakly indicated on anterior two-fifths of disc, parallel; notauli strong, ending shortly before anterior margin, posteriorly well separated; mid lobe ending bluntly, distinctly prolonged, covering extreme base of scutellum. Scuto-scutellar grooves rather narrow, each covered by five long setae. Mesopleuron smooth. Scutellum (Fig. 3) slightly raising above level of mesoscutum, evenly and weakly convex, moderately densely setose. Metapleuron with pilosity all over. Propodeal carinae parallel; area between them smooth, about 1.2 times as long as wide. Forewing slightly shorter than total body length (74:75), 2.2 times as long as wide, surpassing tip of metasoma by a distance equal to about 3.5 times combined length of T3-T6, clear, with dense and rather long microtrichia; marginal cilia 0.06 width of wing. Hindwing slightly more than five times as long as wide (creased in type), with two hamuli; marginal cilia one-quarter the width of wing. Metatibia about 0.85 times as long as tarsus, the basal segment of which is 0.45 as long as metatibia, two-thirds as long as tarsal segments 2-5 combined. Metasoma (Fig. 4) 0.95 as long as rest of body, 1.8 times as long as wide, 1.7 times as wide as high, 0.95 as wide as mesosoma. Measurements of tergites T1-T6 (length: width) = 6.5:7.5; 25.0:20.5; 1.0:19.5; 1.0:18.5; 1.0:15.0; 3.0:10.0. T1 smooth, with two strong longitudinal carinae which are slightly converging from anterior margin to midlength of segment, then becoming parallel, laterally of two strong carinae with two weaker, incomplete carinae in anterior part on each side inside lateral margins, segment with only a few setae standing out from sides. T2 with two smooth basal foveae, these margined at lateral slopes of fovea to 0.25 length of tergite; foveae with a few long hairs, between them with very short crenulae; T2 otherwise smooth except for faint micropunctation along narrow posterior margin. T3-T6 dull, with pustulate microsculpture all over, and with a few setae in superficial punctures: two on T4, six on each of T5-T6. Sternite 1 and anterior 0.2 of sternite 2 with dense whitish setation; sternite 2 not convex anteriorly in profile. Differential diagnosis: Similar to P. martikaineni Buhl, 2003 known from North and Central Europe, but that species has the occipital sculpture transverse, the frons smooth, in most of lower one-third with the transverse reticulation, OOL:LOL = 2:3, A1 shorter than the height of the head, and the flagellar segments shorter (A9 as wide as long). P. baltica sp. nov. runs to P. oscus Walker, 1835, known from North Europe, also from Latvia (probably even east to Mongolia), in Vlug’s (1985) key, but that species has the occiput strongly transversely striated, the frons with superficial striation, and T1 hardly less than half as wide as T2. In Buhl’s (2006) key P. baltica sp. nov. could also run to P. soederlundi Buhl, 1998, known from North and Central Europe (and east to Korea), but that species has the occiput with the weak, irregular, transverse sculpture, and A9 as wide as long. Undoubtedly, P. baltica sp. nov. is an interesting discovery and a specifically characteristic species primarily due to the head sculpture in the combination with the conformation and the sculpture of particularly the metasoma., Published as part of Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, A distinct new species of Platygaster from Latvia (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), pp. 33-35 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (1) on pages 33-35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7942071, {"references":["Vlug H. J. 1985. The types of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera, Scelionoidea) described by Haliday and Walker and preserved in the National Museum of Ireland and in the British Museum (Natural History). 2. Keys to species, redescriptions, synonymy. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 127: 179 - 224.","Buhl P. N. 2006. Key to Platygaster (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) from Denmark, with descriptions of new species. Steenstrupia, 29: 127 - 167."]}

Buhl, Peter Neerup (2021): A distinct new species of Platygaster from Latvia (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (1): 33-35, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7942071, {"references":["Buhl P.N. 2006.Key to Platygaster (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) from Denmark, with descriptions of new species. Steenstrupia, 29: 127-167.","Buhl P.N. 2009. New or little known Palaearctic species of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). III. Entomologica fennica, 20: 65-83.","Buhl P.N. 2010. New or little known species of Platygastrinae from Northern Europe (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Latvijas Entomologs, 48: 33-49.","Buhl P.N. 2016. New European species of Platygastrinae, with an updated list of Latvian species of Platygastrinae and Sceliotrachelinae ( Hymenoptera : Platygastridae). Latvijas Entomologs, 53: 3-13.","Vlug H.J. 1985. The types of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera, Scelionoidea) described by Haliday and Walker and preserved in the National Museum of Ireland and in the British Museum (Natural History). 2. Keys to species, redescriptions, synonymy. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 127: 179-224."]}

Platygaster lotfalizadehi Buhl & Asadi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CDA154E6-C8A0-4CD5-91C0-624A11D51C8D Fig. 3 Diagnosis (female) A9 1.5 times as long as wide; occiput with oblique striation, medially almost longitudinal; notauli nearly complete; female metasoma 1.1 time as long as rest of body, T2 smooth except for very short carinae anteromedially; T6 finely pointed, very slightly wider than long. Etymology Name dedicated to Dr H. Lotfalizadeh (Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tabriz, Iran) for his overall contribution to the taxonomy of Hymenoptera, especially the superfamily Chalcidoidea in Iran. Most of the studied specimens in this study and type materials of new species were collected by him. Material examined Holotype IRAN ��� ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Tasuj; 38��19��� N, 45��21��� E; 1500 m a.s.l.; Jul. 2015; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Paratype IRAN ��� 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; HMIM. Description (female) BODY LENGTH. 1.3���1.4 mm. COLOR. Black; antennae, mandibles and legs including coxae dark brown; trochanters, tibiae and tarsi lighter brown. HEAD. From above 1.9 times as wide as long, 1.15 times as wide as mesosoma; occiput rounded, behind eyes partially finely coriaceous, partially smooth, behind ocellar area with distinct oblique striation over whole length, medial striae almost longitudinal. Vertex smooth and laterally with traces of reticulation. Frons smooth, with a longitudinal midline from anterior ocellus, halfway to antennal insertions this impression fans out in numerous striae, this striate area becomes slightly wider than width of antennal insertions, merging with longitudinal reticulation on malar space. Eyes bare. OOL:POL:LOL = 2.5:8.0:3.0. Head in frontal view 1.3 times as wide as high. Antenna with A1 0.8 times as long as height of head, as long as distance between inner orbits. Length:width of A1���A10 = 14.0:2.0; 4.0:1.7; 1.1:1.2; 2.2:1.5; 2.4:1.8; 2.2:1.7; 2.8:1.8; 3.0:2.0; 3.0:2.0; 4.0:1.9. Flagellar pubescence hardly noticeable. MESOSOMA. 1.5 times as long as wide, higher than wide (20:19). Sides of pronotum smooth, with sparse setae, most numerous on anterior part. Mesoscutum with a row of setae along inner margins of notauli, and along outer and posterior margins of lateral lobes, otherwise bare; disc smooth except for weak rugosity at anterior ends of notauli, these strong and almost complete; mid lobe rather narrowly pointed, covering the extreme base of scutellum; scuto-scutellar grooves narrowly triangular, each of their front margins with six short setae. Mesopleuron smooth. Scutellum with very few setae, smooth, evenly convex. Metapleuron smooth, with very sparse pilosity except for a short white fringe along hind margin. Propodeal carinae short, parallel, dark; area between them smooth, distinctly wider than long. WINGS. Fore wing 0.75 times as long as entire body, 2.45 times as long as wide, reaching about apex of metasoma, clear, with dense, fine and pale microtrichia; marginal cilia very short. Hind wing 5.1 times as long as wide, with two hamuli; marginal cilia 0.2 width of wing. METASOMA. About 1.1 times as long as rest of body, 2.1 times as long as wide, as wide as mesosoma. Length:width of T 1��� T 6 = 5.0:10.0; 18.0:19.0; 4.0:18.0; 4.0:14.0; 5.0:10.0; 5.0:5.5. T 1 with two strong longitudinal carinae, smooth between them. T 2 with two smooth basal foveae reaching 0.4 lengths of tergite, between them with a couple of carinae reaching one-sixth length of tergite, this otherwise smooth. T 3��� T 6 smooth, with a few inconspicuous setae in shallow punctures (only about four on T 4, six on each of T 5��� T 6), T 6 finely pointed. Sternite 2 anteriorly flat, without prolongation. Remarks In general, body shape much as in P. iberica Buhl, 1999 (though this has metasoma somewhat longer) but occiput of P. lotfalizadehi sp. nov. characteristically striate, in this approaching P. marginata Thomson, 1859, but P. lotfalizadehi sp. nov. with distinctly more slender antennae. Platygaster lotfalizadehi sp. nov. also has smoother mesoscutum and scutellum than P. iberica, and more setose scuto-scutellar grooves. Platygaster lotfalizadehi sp. nov. also has smoother mesoscutum, scutellum and T2 than P. marginata., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on pages 36-38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 1999. A synopsis of the Platygastridae of Fennoscandia and Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 20: 17 - 52."]}

Synopeas cryptus Buhl, 2004 Material examined IRAN ��� 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Marand, Farfar Village; 38��48��� N, 45��68��� E; 1365 m a.s.l.; 5 Jun. 2017; M. Asadi leg.; sweeping net; HMIM. Distribution Mongolia (Buhl 2004c); Finland (Koponen et al. 2016); Iran (new record). Host Unknown., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 2004 a. New African Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 65: 65 - 83.","Buhl P. N. 2004 c. Platygastridae (Hymenoptera) from Mongolia. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 96: 115 - 152.","Koponen M., Buhl P. N. & Vikberg V. 2016. Check list of Platygastridae of Finland (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Sahlbergia 22 (2): 32 - 47. Available from http: // hdl. handle. net / 10138 / 231837 [accessed 5 Sep. 2019]."]}

Platygaster cf. rugosiceps Buhl, 1994 Material examined IRAN ��� 1 ♂; East Azarbaijan Province, Marand, Yam; 38��35��� N, 45��77��� E; 1365 m a.s.l.; 26 May 2017; M. Asadi leg.; sweep net; HMIM. Distribution Austria (male only) (Buhl 1994); Sweden (female described) (Buhl 1998); Spain (Buhl & Nieves-Adrey 2000); Finland (Buhl & Koponen 2003a); Fennoscandia and Denmark (Buhl 1999, 2006a); Korean Peninsula (Buhl & Choi 2006); Iran., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 1994. A remarkable new species of Platygaster Latreille, 1809 from Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 15: 13 - 20.","Buhl P. N. 1998. On some new or little-known NW European species of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea). Fragmenta Entomologica 30: 295 - 334.","Buhl P. N. & Koponen M. 2003 a. New records of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from Finland. Entomologica Fennica 14 (2): 98 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84175","Buhl P. N. 1999. A synopsis of the Platygastridae of Fennoscandia and Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 20: 17 - 52.","Buhl P. N. 2006 a. Key to Platygaster (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) from Denmark, with descriptions of new species. Steenstrupia 29: 127 - 167.","Buhl P. N. & Choi J. Y. 2006. Taxonomic review of the family Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from the Korean Peninsula. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 9 (2): 121 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 1226 - 8615 (08) 60283 - 6"]}

Platygaster arabica Buhl, 2007 Material examined IRAN • 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Khajeh; 38°10′ N, 46°38′ E; 1450 m a.s.l.; 1 Jul. 2016; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Distribution United Arab Emirates (Buhl 2007); Iran (new record). Host Unknown, Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523

Leptacis ozines (Walker, 1835) Material examined IRAN ��� 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Khosroshah; 36��58��� N, 46��02��� E; Jun. 2008; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Distribution Fennoscandia and Denmark (Buhl 1999); Canary Islands and Madeira (Buhl & Koponen 2003b); Ireland (Buhl & O���Connor 2010); Korean peninsula (Buhl & Choi 2006); England (Buhl & Notton 2009); Germany (Buhl et al. 2016); Iran (new record). Host Unknown., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 47, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 1999. A synopsis of the Platygastridae of Fennoscandia and Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 20: 17 - 52.","Buhl P. N. & Koponen M. 2003 b. Platygastridae from the Canary Islands and Madeira (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea). Entomologica Fennica 14 (2): 105 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84176","Buhl P. N. & O'Connor P. J 2010. Eleven species of Platygastrinae (Hym., Platygastridae) new to Ireland, and descriptions of the hitherto unknown males of three species. Entomologists Monthly Magazine 146: 33 - 35.","Buhl P. N. & Choi J. Y. 2006. Taxonomic review of the family Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from the Korean Peninsula. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 9 (2): 121 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 1226 - 8615 (08) 60283 - 6","Buhl P. N. & Notton D. G. 2009. A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea). Journal of Natural History 43: 1651 - 1703. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902993732","Buhl P. N. & Jaloszynski P. 2016 a. New records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Poland, including sixteen species new in the Polish fauna. Wiadomosci Entomologiczne 35 (2): 109 - 116."]}

Platygaster karimpouri Asadi & Buhl sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0E67BA6B-93EC-4D7C-9278-04428A9D5DBB Fig. 2 Diagnosis (female) A9 about 1.7 times as long as wide; head 1.7 times as wide as long, finely and densely striated behind; notauli indicated in about posterior half; female metasoma 1.1 times as long as rest of body, more than half of T2 striated at base, shorter medially. Etymology Named after Dr Younes Karimpour at the Department of Plant Protection, Urmia University, Iran. Material examined Holotype IRAN • ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Tasuj; 38°19′ N, 45°21′ E; 1500 m a.s.l.; 23–30 May 2015; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Paratype IRAN • 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Khosroshah; 37°58′ N, 46°02′ E; 1357 m a.s.l.; Aug. 2008; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Description (female) BODY LENGTH. 1.2 mm. COLOR. Black; metasoma towards apex with brownish tint; antennae, mandibles, tegulae, coxae and legs dark brown; A2–A5, trochanters, most of fore femora, entire fore tibiae, base of mid and hind tibiae, and all tarsi light brown. HEAD. From above 1.7 times as wide as long, 1.15 times as wide as mesosoma; occiput rounded, finely but distinctly half-circularly striated all over; vertex smooth; frons with fine oblique striation on each side of a smooth midline. OOL:POL:LOL = 3.3:5.5:2.0. Eyes bare. Malar space about equal to half of eye height. Head in frontal view 1.2 times as wide as high. Antenna with A1 hardly noticeable, shorter than height of head (about 15.0:15.5), longer than distance between inner orbits (15:13). Length:width of A1–A10 = 15.0:2.3; 4.0:1.7; 1.4:1.0; 3.0:1.3; 2.8:1.3; 3.0:1.8; 3.2:2.0; 3.2:2.0; 3.2:1.9; 5.0:1.8. Flagellar pubescence hardly noticeable. MESOSOMA. 1.5 times as long as wide, hardly 1.1 times as high as wide. Sides of pronotum smooth except for sparse hair sockets in upper half and very weak rugosity in upper anterior corner. Mesoscutum with scattered hairs towards sides, bare on mid 0.4 of width, smooth, only slightly rugose at anterior ends of notauli, these weakly indicated in slightly more than posterior half; mid lobe broad, at hind margin slightly but distinctly prolonged, covering extreme base of scutellum; numerous greyish hairs cover rather narrow scuto-scutellar grooves. Mesopleuron smooth. Scutellum weakly and evenly convex, almost bare along the middle, towards sides moderately densely hairy, smooth except for hair sockets. Metapleuron with pilosity all over, though in anterior half very sparse, smooth. Propodeal carinae short, parallel; area between them smooth, much transverse. WINGS. Fore wing 0.75 as long as entire body, 2.4 times as long as wide, surpassing tip of metasoma by a distance equal to length of T 6, clear, with fine and dense microtrichia; marginal cilia about 0.05 width of wing. Hind wing 5.0 times as long as wide, with two hamuli; marginal cilia very slightly more than 0.2 width of wing. METASOMA. Around 1.1 times as long as rest of body, 2.1 times as long as wide, slightly wider than mesosoma (about 18:17). Length:width of T 1– T 6 = 5.0:8.5; 19.0:18.0; 3.5:17.0; 3.0:14.5; 3.0:11.0; 5.0:7.5. T 1 with about six somewhat uneven, rather weak longitudinal carinae and a few even weaker additional ones, bare dorsally, along sides with a few inconspicuous hairs. T 2 weakly striated from basal foveae to 0.65 of length of tergite, medially with four short striae to 0.15 of length, rest of tergite as well as following tergites smooth. T 3– T 6 with moderately strong punctures with inconspicuous hairs: about four on T 3, 12 in a transverse row on each of T 4– T 5, slightly fewer and more scattered on T 6. Remarks Very similar to P. papei Buhl, 2007 (from the United Arab Emirates) but with more slender antennae, more striate occiput and T2 (vs occiput finely and irregularly transversely striate in posterior half, rest of occiput and vertex almost smooth except for fine and weak reticulation around ocelli in P. papei), and more distinct notauli (vs absent in P. papei). Platygaster karimpouri sp. nov. has slightly more slender antennae than P. pedasus Walker, 1835 which also has the occiput and T2 less striate, and mid lobe between notauli not quite reaching scutellum. Platygaster karimpouri sp. nov. has antennae slightly less slender than P. ennius Walker, 1835 which also has head 2.2 times as wide as long, nearly complete notauli, and T2 striate only in the basal third., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523

Synopeas rhanis Walker, 1836 Material examined IRAN ��� 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Maragheh; 37��22��� N, 46��32��� E; 1887 m a.s.l.; Oct. 2010; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Distribution England, Ireland (Buhl & Notton 2009); Latvian (Buhl 2016); Korea (Buhl & Choi 2006); Iran (new record). Host A parasitoid of the gall midges (Dipera: Cecidomyiidae) Dasineura ulmaria (Bremi, 1847) on Meadow sweet Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. and D. urticae (Perris, 1840) on nettles Urtica dioica L. and U. urens L. (Vlug 1995)., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 46, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. & Notton D. G. 2009. A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea). Journal of Natural History 43: 1651 - 1703. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902993732","Buhl P. N. 2016. New European species of Platygastrinae, with an updated list of Latvian species of Platygastrinae and Sceliotrachelinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Latvijas Entomologs 53: 313.","Buhl P. N. & Choi J. Y. 2006. Taxonomic review of the family Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from the Korean Peninsula. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 9 (2): 121 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 1226 - 8615 (08) 60283 - 6","Vlug H. J. 1995. Catalogue of the Platygastridae (Platygastroidea) of the world (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Hymenopterorum Catalogus 19: 1 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 24358"]}

Genus Synopeas F��rster, 1856 Type species Synopeas inermis Thomson, 1859. Distribution Worldwide (Rajmohana & Divya 2011; Veenakumari et al. 2014, 2015). Biology Parasitoids of Cecidomyiidae (Austin et al. 2005; Hern��ndez Mahecha et al. 2018). From seven species of Synopeas discussed below, one is described as new and five are new records for Iran., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Rajmohana K. & Divya K. P. 2011. Checklist of Platygastrinae and Sceliotrachelinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) of India. Available from: http: // www. zsi. gov. in / [accessed 25 Sep. 2019].","Veenakumari K., Buhl P. N., Mohanraj P. & Khan F. R. 2014. Four new species of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from India. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 150: 49 - 60.","Veenakumari K., Buhl P. N. & Mohanraj P. 2015. Six new species of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from India. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 151: 35 - 50.","Austin A. D., Johnson N. F. & Dowton M. 2005. Systematics, evolution, and biology of scelionid and platygastrid wasps. Annual Review of Entomology 50: 553 - 582. https: // doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev. ento. 50.071803.130500"]}

Key to species of Platygaster from Iran 1. Mesoscutum with notauli.................................................................................................................. 2 ��� Mesoscutum without notauli............................................................................................................. 9 2. Notauli complete or almost complete............................................................................................... 3 ��� Notauli incomplete............................................................................................................................ 7 3. T2 hardly striate................................................................................................................................ 4 ��� T2 striate........................................................................................................................................... 5 4. Occiput with oblique striation, medially almost longitudinal............................................................................................................................................. Platygaster lotfalizadehi Buhl & Asadi sp. nov. ��� Occiput without oblique striation................................................ Platygaster breviscapa Buhl, 2009 5. Sternite 2 with a hump between hind coxae.................... Platygaster cf . gladiator Zetterstedt, 1838 ��� Sternite 2 without a hump between hind coxae................................................................................ 6 6. Frons smooth; sternite 1 and base of sternite 2 without dense greyish pubescence............................................................................................................................... Platygaster cf. dryope Walker, 1836 ��� Frons except upper lateral parts strongly transversely striate; first sternite and base of second sternite with dense greyish pubescence............................................... Platygaster cf . rugosiceps Buhl, 1994 7. Notauli very short; T2 without striae................................................ Platygaster nisus Walker, 1836 ��� Notauli indicated in about posterior half; T2 with striation.............................................................. 8 8. T1 with about ten rather uniform, fine longitudinal carinae, with a transverse depression around midlength. T2 striate to 0.5 of length, medially slightly shorter.............................................................................................................................................. Platygaster azarbaijanica Buhl & Asadi sp. nov. ��� T1 with about six somewhat uneven, rather weak longitudinal carinae and a few even weaker additional ones. T2 weakly striate from basal foveae to 0.65 length of tergite, medially with four short striae to 0.15 of length..................................... Platygaster karimpouri Asadi & Buhl sp. nov. 9. Base of T2 covered with dense, silvery setae................................... Platygaster harteni Buhl, 2007 ��� Base of T2 without dense setae....................................................................................................... 10 10. T2 striate in basal fovea to hardly one-third of length...................... Platygaster arabica Buhl, 2007 ��� T2 very faintly striate in basal foveae to 0.4���0.5 of length............ Platygaster cf. papei Buhl, 2007, Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 2009. New or little known Palearctic species of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). III. Entomologica Fennica 20 (2): 65 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84463","Buhl P. N. 1994. A remarkable new species of Platygaster Latreille, 1809 from Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 15: 13 - 20."]}

Synopeas inerme Thomson, 1859 Material examined IRAN ��� East Azarbaijan Province ��� 21 ♀♀; Khosroshah; 37��58��� N, 46��02��� E; 1357 m a.s.l.; 14 Jun. 2008, Aug. 2008, May 2009, Aug. 2009, 25 Dec. 2009; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; pan trap; HMIM ��� 1 ♀; Marand, Yam; 38��48��� N, 45��77��� E; 1810 m a.s.l.; 7 Jul. 2009; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM ��� 1 ♀; Tasuj; 38��19��� N, 45��21��� E; 1500 m a.s.l.; 23 May 2015; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. ��� West Azarbaijan Province ��� 3 ♀♀; Urmia University Campus; 37��39��� N, 44��58��� E; 1335 m a.s.l.; 11 Oct. 2016; M. Asadi leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. ��� Fars Province ��� 1 ♀; Dasht-e Arzhan; 51��58��� N, 29��38��� E; 2020 m a.s.l.; 30 May 2015; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Berlese funnels; HMIM. Distribution Ireland (Buhl & O���Connor 2010); England (Buhl & Notton 2009); Fennoscandia and Denmark (Buhl 1999); Iran (new record). Host Parasitoids of the gall midge Contarinia medicaginis Kieffer, 1890 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on lucerne (Vlug 1995; O���Connor & Buhl 2016)., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. & O'Connor P. J 2010. Eleven species of Platygastrinae (Hym., Platygastridae) new to Ireland, and descriptions of the hitherto unknown males of three species. Entomologists Monthly Magazine 146: 33 - 35.","Buhl P. N. & Notton D. G. 2009. A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea). Journal of Natural History 43: 1651 - 1703. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902993732","Buhl P. N. 1999. A synopsis of the Platygastridae of Fennoscandia and Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 20: 17 - 52.","Vlug H. J. 1995. Catalogue of the Platygastridae (Platygastroidea) of the world (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Hymenopterorum Catalogus 19: 1 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 24358","O'Connor P. J. & Buhl P. N. 2016. A review of the Irish platygastrids (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea, Platygastridae) including their known distributions. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society 40: 43 - 115."]}

Platygaster azarbaijanica Buhl & Asadi sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4182ECAC-DE6A-447C-A266-71082E32D380 Fig. 1 Diagnosis (female) A9 about 1.7 times as long as wide; head 2.1 times as wide as long, mostly reticulate-coriaceous behind, with only a few short carinae; notauli indicated in about posterior half, meeting in a fine point; female metasoma about as long as rest of body, T2 striate to 0.5 of length, shorter medially. Etymology The name of the new species is derived from the name of the province where it was first found, East Azarbaijan. Material examined Holotype IRAN • ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Khosroshah; 37°58′ N, 46°02′ E; 1357 m a.s.l.; Aug. 2008; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Paratype IRAN • 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Payam, Misho Mountain; 38°21′ N, 45°46′ E; 1750 m a.s.l.; 4 Aug. 2017; M. Asadi-Farfar leg.; sweeping net; HMIM. Description (female) BODY LENGTH. 1.2–1.3 mm. COLOR. Black; antennae, mandibles, tegulae and legs including coxae medium brown; base and apex of fore tibiae, base of mid and hind tibiae, and segments 1–4 of all tarsi light brown. HEAD. From above 2.1 times as wide as long, 1.2 times as wide as mesosoma; occiput rounded, finely reticulate-coriaceous, medially with weak transverse elements, anteromedially with a few weak transverse carinae not wider than ocellar area; vertex finely reticulate-coriaceous (not transversely so); frons smoothly fan-like reticulate out from a weak longitudinal midline. Eyes bare. OOL:POL:LOL = 3.5:6.5:3.0. Head in frontal view one and a third times as wide as high. Malar space slightly more than half as long as eye height (5.0:9.5). Antenna with A1 shorter than height of head (15:16), longer than distance between inner orbits (15:14). Length:width of A1–A10 = 15.0:2.5; 4.0:1.9; 2.0:1.2; 2.5:1.7; 2.8:1.5; 3.5:1.9; 3.5:1.8; 3.4:2.0; 3.4:2.0; 4.5:1.9. Flagellar pubescence short. MESOSOMA. 1.45 times as long as wide, higher than wide (19:18). Sides of pronotum weakly reticulate, in lower half longitudinally so, smoother along narrow upper and hind margins. Mesoscutum with a few setae, most of them anterolaterally and along hind margin, weakly reticulate, smoother medially on lateral lobes and posterior 0.25; notauli distinct in about posterior half, then fade out, meeting in a fine point just touching base of scutellum; scuto-scutellar grooves narrowly triangular, each covered by about seven setae. Mesopleuron smooth. Scutellum evenly convex, smooth, anterolaterally slightly leathery, medially bare, towards margins dense setose. Metapleuron with pilosity all over, though not dense. Propodeal carinae short, parallel; area between them distinctly wider than long, smooth. WINGS. Fore wing 0.85 as long as entire body, 2.7 times as long as wide, surpassing tip of metasoma by a distance equal to 1.25 times combined length of T 3– T 6, clear, with fine and dense microtrichia; marginal cilia 0.08 width of wing. Hind wing 5.6 times as long as wide, with two hamuli; marginal cilia 0.3 width of wing. METASOMA. As long as rest of body to very slightly longer (37:35), about 1.9 times as long as wide, 1.1 times as wide as mesosoma. Length:width of T 1– T 6 = 5.0:9.0; 20.0:19.7; 3.0:19.0; 3.5:17.0; 3.5:13.5; 4.0:8.5. T 1 with about ten rather uniform, fine longitudinal carinae, with a transverse depression around midlength. T 2 striate to half of its length, medially slightly shorter, rest of T 2 as well as following tergites smooth, T 6 with faint traces of reticulation. Apical tergites with setae in fine punctures: about four on T 3, ten on each of T 4 and T 6, and 12 on T 5. Remarks Similar to the species complex around P. splendidula Thomson, 1859, but with more slender antennae (A5 hardly transverse and A7–A9 each as wide as long in P. splendidula). As with P. karimpouri Asadi & Buhl sp. nov., P. azarbaijanica sp. nov. has slightly slender antennae than P. pedasus Walker, 1835, which, however, has head less transverse than P. azarbaijanica sp. nov. (about 1.7 × as broad as long in P. pedasus vs about 2.1 × as broad as long in P. azarbaijanica sp. nov.); T2 smooth medially (vs densely strigose in P. pedasus); and mid lobe between notauli not quite reaching scutellum (vs nearly complete in P. pedasus). Platygaster azarbaijanica sp. nov. has antennae slightly less slender than P. ennius Walker, 1835 (all funicular segments distinctly longer than wide in both species except relatively shorter A 3 in P. azarbaijanica sp. nov.) which also has occiput transversely striate, nearly complete notauli, and T2 striate only in the basal third. Platygaster azarbaijanica sp. nov. also has the head slightly more transverse and mesoscutum slightly more sculptured than in the splendidula group; but antennae are distinctly slender than in this group., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on pages 31-33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523

Platygaster breviscapa Buhl, 2009 Material examined IRAN ��� 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province; Marand, Farfar Village; 38��48��� N, 45��68��� E; 1365 m a.s.l.; May 2017; M. Asadi leg.; sweep net; HMIM. Distribution Finland (Koponen et al. 2016); Croatia and England (Buhl 2009; Buhl et al. 2016); Iran (new record). Host Unknown., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 2009. New or little known Palearctic species of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). III. Entomologica Fennica 20 (2): 65 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84463","Koponen M., Buhl P. N. & Vikberg V. 2016. Check list of Platygastridae of Finland (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Sahlbergia 22 (2): 32 - 47. Available from http: // hdl. handle. net / 10138 / 231837 [accessed 5 Sep. 2019].","Buhl P. N. & Jaloszynski P. 2016 a. New records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Poland, including sixteen species new in the Polish fauna. Wiadomosci Entomologiczne 35 (2): 109 - 116."]}

Platygaster cf. dryope Walker, 1836 Material examined IRAN ��� 2 ♀♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Khosroshah; 37��58��� N, 46��02��� E; 1357 m a.s.l.; 11 Jun. 2016; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Distribution Ireland, Isle of Man (Buhl et al. 2016); Fennoscandia and Denmark (Buhl 1999, 2006a); Finland (Koponen et al. 2016); Germany (Buhl et al. 2016); Iran. Remarks Our studied specimens are similar to Platygaster dryope, but can be distinguished from it by the following morphological characters: smooth body, short female antennae, non-pointed female metasoma. Host Unknown., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 39, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. & Jaloszynski P. 2016 a. New records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Poland, including sixteen species new in the Polish fauna. Wiadomosci Entomologiczne 35 (2): 109 - 116.","Buhl P. N. 1999. A synopsis of the Platygastridae of Fennoscandia and Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 20: 17 - 52.","Buhl P. N. 2006 a. Key to Platygaster (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) from Denmark, with descriptions of new species. Steenstrupia 29: 127 - 167.","Koponen M., Buhl P. N. & Vikberg V. 2016. Check list of Platygastridae of Finland (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Sahlbergia 22 (2): 32 - 47. Available from http: // hdl. handle. net / 10138 / 231837 [accessed 5 Sep. 2019]."]}

Platygaster nisus Walker, 1836 Material examined IRAN ��� East Azarbaijan Province ��� 2 ♀♀; Khosroshah; 37��58��� N, 46��02��� E; 1357 m a.s.l; Jul. 2008; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM ��� 1 ♂; Marand-Yam; 38��48��� N, 45��77��� E; 1334 m a.s.l.; Jul. 2007; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM ��� 1 ♀; Marand; 38��25��� N, 45��46��� E; 1023 m a.s.l.; Aug. 2007; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; Malaise trap; HMIM. Distribution Common, distributed from Europe to the Korean Peninsula (Buhl & Choi 2006; Buhl & Jałoszyński 2016b); Canary Islands and Madeira (Buhl & Koponen 2003b); Poland (Buhl & Jałoszyński 2016a); Germany (Buhl et al. 2016); Iran (new record). Host Parasitoid of Sitodiplosis mosellana (G��hin, 1857) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) (Chavalle et al. 2018)., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 40, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. & Choi J. Y. 2006. Taxonomic review of the family Platygastridae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) from the Korean Peninsula. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 9 (2): 121 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 1226 - 8615 (08) 60283 - 6","Buhl P. N. & Jaloszynski P. 2016 b. Two new European species of Platygastrinae and discovery of the male of Synopeas burgeri Buhl, 2012 (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Annales Zoologici 66 (3): 411 - 416. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00034541 ANZ 2016.66.3.007","Buhl P. N. & Koponen M. 2003 b. Platygastridae from the Canary Islands and Madeira (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea). Entomologica Fennica 14 (2): 105 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84176","Buhl P. N. & Jaloszynski P. 2016 a. New records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Poland, including sixteen species new in the Polish fauna. Wiadomosci Entomologiczne 35 (2): 109 - 116.","Chavalle S., Buhl P. N., Gomez G. S. M. & De Proft M. 2018. Parasitism rates and parasitoid complexes of the wheat midges, Sitodiplosis mosellana, Contarinia tritici and Haplodiplosis marginata. BioControl 63 (5): 641 - 653. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10526 - 018 - 9899 - z"]}

Leptacis vlugi Buhl, 1997 Material examined IRAN ��� 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Marand, Farfar Village; 38��48��� N, 45��68��� E; 1365 m a.s.l.; 30 May 2017; M. Asadi leg.; sweep net; HMIM. Distribution Norway (Buhl 1997); England and Scandinavia (Buhl 1998); Fennoscandia and Denmark (Buhl 1999); Canary Islands and Madeira (Buhl & Koponen 2003b); Finland (Buhl 2005); Ireland (Buhl & O���Connor 2010); England (Buhl & Notton 2009); Germany (Buhl et al. 2016); Iran (new record). Host Unknown., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 47, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 1997. On some new or little-known species of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 18 (27): 429 - 467.","Buhl P. N. 1998. On some new or little-known NW European species of Platygastridae (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea). Fragmenta Entomologica 30: 295 - 334.","Buhl P. N. 1999. A synopsis of the Platygastridae of Fennoscandia and Denmark (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea). Entomofauna, Zeitschrift fur Entomologie 20: 17 - 52.","Buhl P. N. & Koponen M. 2003 b. Platygastridae from the Canary Islands and Madeira (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea). Entomologica Fennica 14 (2): 105 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84176","Buhl P. N. 2005. New or little known Palearctic species of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). II. Entomologica Fennica 16 (2): 74 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84240","Buhl P. N. & O'Connor P. J 2010. Eleven species of Platygastrinae (Hym., Platygastridae) new to Ireland, and descriptions of the hitherto unknown males of three species. Entomologists Monthly Magazine 146: 33 - 35.","Buhl P. N. & Notton D. G. 2009. A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea). Journal of Natural History 43: 1651 - 1703. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930902993732","Buhl P. N. & Jaloszynski P. 2016 a. New records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Poland, including sixteen species new in the Polish fauna. Wiadomosci Entomologiczne 35 (2): 109 - 116."]}

Key to species of Synopeas found in the northwest of Iran 1. Notauli present (Fig. 4)....................................................... Synopeas calecai Buhl & Asadi sp. nov. ��� Notauli entirely absent...................................................................................................................... 2 2. Occiput with complete carina........................................................................................................... 3 ��� Occipital carina incomplete or absent............................................................................................... 4 3. Occipital carina strong and complete; scutellum posteriorly with a semitransparent lamella.................................................................................................................. Synopeas lugubre Thomson, 1859 ��� Occipital carina complete; scutellum not as above................................ Synopeas pinnei Buhl, 2009 4. Occiput rounded without carina........................................................... Synopeas cryptus Buhl, 2004 ��� Head with a weak occipital carina.................................................................................................... 5 5. Mid lobe of mesoscutum clearly situated above level of base of scutellum (a leveled gap present); frons finely coriaceous with some transverse wrinkles above antennae..... Synopeas rhanis Walker, 1836 ��� Scutellar line continuous with line of mesoscutum (no leveled gap present); frons finely coriaceous......................................................................................................................................... 6 6. Scutellum in lateral view slightly sloping downwards to strongly curved propodeal carinae; metasoma as long as head and mesosoma combined...................................... Synopeas euryale (Walker, 1835) ��� Scutellum in lateral view much sloping downwards to a small keel just above the slightly curved propodeal carinae; metasoma shorter than head and mesosoma combined............................................................................................................................................... Synopeas inerme Thomson, 1859, Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 46, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. 2009. New or little known Palearctic species of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). III. Entomologica Fennica 20 (2): 65 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.33338 / ef. 84463","Buhl P. N. 2004 a. New African Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Folia Entomologica Hungarica 65: 65 - 83."]}

Synopeas cf. lugubre Thomson, 1859 Material examined IRAN ��� 1 ♀; East Azarbaijan Province, Tikmadash; 37��72��� N, 46��93��� E; 1900 m a.s.l.; 1 Sep. 2015; H. Lotfalizadeh leg.; sweeping net; HMIM. Distribution Moderately common in Northwestern Europe (Buhl & Jałoszyński 2016); Germany (Buhl et al. 2016); Iran. Host Dasyneura brassicae (Winnertz, 1853) (Dip.: Cecidomyiidae) on Brassica sp. may be a host (Vlug 1995; O���Connor & Buhl 2016). Remarks Our studied specimens are similar to S. lugubre but with having the following morphological character can be separated from it: larger, with lighter body appendages, stronger hind lamella on scutellum., Published as part of Asadi-Farfar, Maryam, Karimpour, Younes, Lotfalizadeh, Hossein & Buhl, Peter Neerup, 2021, Four new species and new records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) from Iran, pp. 29-51 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 on page 45, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1359, http://zenodo.org/record/4770523, {"references":["Buhl P. N. & Jaloszynski P. 2016 a. New records of Platygastrinae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Poland, including sixteen species new in the Polish fauna. Wiadomosci Entomologiczne 35 (2): 109 - 116.","Vlug H. J. 1995. Catalogue of the Platygastridae (Platygastroidea) of the world (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Hymenopterorum Catalogus 19: 1 - 168. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 24358","O'Connor P. J. & Buhl P. N. 2016. A review of the Irish platygastrids (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea, Platygastridae) including their known distributions. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society 40: 43 - 115."]}