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5. Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Author

Dennis, Alice B, Ballesteros, Gabriel I, Robin, Stéphanie, Schrader, Lukas, Bast, Jens, Berghöfer, Jan, Beukeboom, Leo W, Belghazi, Maya, Bretaudeau, Anthony, Buellesbach, Jan, Cash, Elizabeth, Colinet, Dominique, Dumas, Zoé, Errbii, Mohammed, Falabella, Patrizia, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Geuverink, Elzemiek, Gibson, Joshua D, Hertaeg, Corinne, Hartmann, Stefanie, Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle, Lammers, Mark, Lavandero, Blas I, Lindenbaum, Ina, Massardier-Galata, Lauriane, Meslin, Camille, Montagné, Nicolas, Pak, Nina, Poirié, Marylène, Salvia, Rosanna, Smith, Chris R, Tagu, Denis, Tares, Sophie, Vogel, Heiko, Schwander, Tanja, Simon, Jean-Christophe, Figueroa, Christian C, Vorburger, Christoph, Legeai, Fabrice, and Gadau, Jürgen

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genetics, Animals, Aphids, DNA Methylation, GC Rich Sequence, Genomics, Insect Proteins, Sex Determination Processes, Venoms, Wasps, Parasitoid wasp, Aphid host, Aphidius ervi, Lysiphlebus fabarum, GC content, de novo genome assembly, DNA methylation loss, Chemosensory genes, Venom proteins, Toll and Imd pathways, Information and Computing Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Bioinformatics, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundParasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts.ResultsWe present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of L. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes.ConclusionsThese findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org.

Published
2020

6. Desiccation Resistance and Micro-Climate Adaptation: Cuticular Hydrocarbon Signatures of Different Argentine Ant Supercolonies Across California.

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Whyte, Brian A, Cash, Elizabeth, Gibson, Joshua D, Scheckel, Kelsey J, Sandidge, Rebecca, and Tsutsui, Neil D

Subjects
Animals, Ants, Hydrocarbons, Alkanes, Biodiversity, Climate, Adaptation, Physiological, California, Argentina, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Introduced Species, Liquid-Liquid Extraction, Chemical communication, Gas chromatography, Invasive species, Linepithema humile, Mass spectrometry, Methyl-branched alkanes, Nestmate recognition, Water-proofing, n-alkanes, n-alkenes, Chemical Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Entomology
Abstract

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs), the dominant fraction of the insects' epicuticle and the primary barrier to desiccation, form the basis for a wide range of chemical signaling systems. In eusocial insects, CHCs are key mediators of nestmate recognition, and colony identity appears to be maintained through a uniform CHC profile. In the unicolonial Argentine ant Linepithema humile, an unparalleled invasive expansion has led to vast supercolonies whose nestmates can still recognize each other across thousands of miles. CHC profiles are expected to display considerable variation as they adapt to fundamentally differing environmental conditions across the Argentine ant's expanded range, yet this variation would largely conflict with the vastly extended nestmate recognition based on CHC uniformity. To shed light on these seemingly contradictory selective pressures, we attempt to decipher which CHC classes enable adaptation to such a wide array of environmental conditions and contrast them with the overall CHC profile uniformity postulated to maintain nestmate recognition. n-Alkanes and n-alkenes showed the largest adaptability to environmental conditions most closely associated with desiccation, pointing at their function for water-proofing. Trimethyl alkanes, on the other hand, were reduced in environments associated with higher desiccation stress. However, CHC patterns correlated with environmental conditions were largely overriden when taking overall CHC variation across the expanded range of L. humile into account, resulting in conserved colony-specific CHC signatures. This delivers intriguing insights into the hierarchy of CHC functionality integrating both adaptation to a wide array of different climatic conditions and the maintenance of a universally accepted chemical profile.

Published
2018

7. Differences in the reliance on cuticular hydrocarbons as sexual signaling and species discrimination cues in parasitoid wasps

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Vetter, Sebastian G, and Schmitt, Thomas

Subjects
BRII recipient: Buellesbach
Abstract

BackgroundCuticular hydrocarbons (CHC) have been documented to play crucial roles as species- and sex-specific cues in the chemical communication systems of a wide variety of insects. However, whether they are sufficient by themselves as the sole cue triggering sexual behavior as well as preference of con- over heterospecific mating partners is rarely assessed. We conducted behavioral assays in three representative species of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) to determine their reliance on CHC as species-specific sexual signaling cues.ResultsWe found a surprising degree of either unspecific or insufficient sexual signaling when CHC are singled out as recognition cues. Most strikingly, the cosmopolitan species Nasonia vitripennis, expected to experience enhanced selection pressure to discriminate against other co-occurring parasitoids, did not discriminate against CHC of a partially sympatric species from another genus, Trichomalopsis sarcophagae. Focusing on the latter species, in turn, it became apparent that CHC are even insufficient as the sole cue triggering conspecific sexual behavior, hinting at the requirement of additional, synergistic sexual cues particularly important in this species. Finally, in the phylogenetically and chemically most divergent species Muscidifurax uniraptor, we intriguingly found both CHC-based sexual signaling as well as species discrimination behavior intact although this species is naturally parthenogenetic with sexual reproduction only occurring under laboratory conditions.ConclusionsOur findings implicate a discrepancy in the reliance on and specificity of CHC as sexual cues in our tested parasitioid wasps. CHC profiles were not sufficient for unambiguous discrimination and preference behavior, as demonstrated by clear cross-attraction between some of our tested wasp genera. Moreover, we could show that only in T. sarcophagae, additional behavioral cues need to be present for triggering natural mating behavior, hinting at an interesting shift in signaling hierarchy in this particular species. This demonstrates the importance of integrating multiple, potentially complementary signaling modalities in future studies for a better understanding of their individual contributions to natural sexual communication behavior.

Published
2018

8. Chemical and transcriptomic diversity do not correlate with ascending levels of social complexity in the insect order Blattodea.

Author

Golian, Marek J., Friedman, Daniel A., Harrison, Mark, McMahon, Dino P., and Buellesbach, Jan

Subjects
EUSOCIALITY, SOCIAL structure, TERMITES, CHEMICAL ecology, COLLECTIVE behavior
Abstract

Eusocial insects, such as ants and termites, are characterized by high levels of coordinated social organization. This is contrasted by solitary insects that display more limited forms of collective behavior. It has been hypothesized that this gradient in sociobehavioral sophistication is positively correlated with chemical profile complexity, due to a potentially increased demand for diversity in chemical communication mechanisms in insects with higher levels of social complexity. However, this claim has rarely been assessed empirically. Here, we compare different levels of chemical and transcriptomic complexity in selected species of the order Blattodea that represent different levels of social organization, from solitary to eusocial. We primarily focus on cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) complexity, since it has repeatedly been demonstrated that CHCs are key signaling molecules conveying a wide variety of chemical information in solitary as well as eusocial insects. We assessed CHC complexity and divergence between our studied taxa of different social complexity levels as well as the differentiation of their respective repertoires of CHC biosynthesis gene transcripts. Surprisingly, we did not find any consistent pattern of chemical complexity correlating with social complexity, nor did the overall chemical divergence or transcriptomic repertoire of CHC biosynthesis genes reflect on the levels of social organization. Our results challenge the assumption that increasing social complexity is generally reflected in more complex chemical profiles and point toward the need for a more cautious and differentiated view on correlating complexity on a chemical, genetic, and social level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Chemical and population genetic analysis show no evidence of ecotype formation in a European population of the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Lammers, Mark, van de Belt, José, Pannebakker, Bart A., Buellesbach, Jan, Lammers, Mark, van de Belt, José, and Pannebakker, Bart A.

Abstract

Ecotypes, subpopulations or strains of a single species locally adapted to divergent ecological conditions within the same habitat are often considered to be the first steps in sympatric speciation. It has been suggested that two ecotypes are distinguishable in Nasonia vitripennis, a prominent model organism for parasitic Hymenoptera, with one ecotype parasitizing fly pupae in bird nests, and the other one parasitizing fly pupae on carrion. This differentiation into two ecotypes has been hypothesized to indicate incipient sympatric speciation in populations of this globally distributed species. In the present study, we investigated the differentiation into these two distinct ecotypes focusing on chemical profiles and the population genetic divergence in a wild N. vitripennis population from the Netherlands. Isofemale lines were obtained from bird nest boxes and from deer carrion, respectively, representing both microhabitats. To test for phenotypic differentiation, we determined the surface cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles from wasps of both host patches. Using a panel of 14 microsatellites, we concordantly determined the population genetic structure and tested for genetic differentiation between foundresses obtained from both microhabitats. Both the phenotypic as well as the genetic datasets show no evidence for any kind of separation based on the postulated two ecotypes, but rather suggest free interbreeding with no gene flow interruption between the two distinct host patches. Our findings challenge previous assumptions on clearly distinguishable ecotypes in N. vitripennis, and demonstrate how a chemical ecological assessment coupled with population genetics can be instrumental in re-evaluating the potential of ecological differentiation and incipient speciation mechanisms in parasitoid wasps.

Published
2023

16. Chemical and population data for Nasonia vitripennnis females collected from the Hoge Veluwe

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Lammers, Mark, van de Belt, Jose, Pannebakker, Bart, Buellesbach, Jan, Lammers, Mark, van de Belt, Jose, and Pannebakker, Bart

Abstract

Ecotypes, strains locally adapted to divergent ecological conditions, are often considered to be the first steps in sympatric speciation. It has been suggested that two distinguishable ecotypes hint at incipient sympatric speciation in Nasonia vitripennis, the prominent model organism for parasitoid wasps, with one ecotype parasitizing fly pupae in bird nests, and the other parasitizing fly pupae on carrion. In the present study, we investigated the differentiation into these two distinct ecotypes on a population genetic and on a phenotypic level in a wild N. vitripennis population in the Netherlands. Isofemale lines were obtained from bird nest boxes and from deer carrion, respectively, representing both microhabitats. Using a panel of 14 microsatellites, we determined the population genetic structure and tested for genetic differentiation between the foundresses obtained from both microhabitats. To test for phenotypic differentiation, we determined the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles from wasps of both microhabitats. Both the genetic and the phenotypic datasets show no evidence for any kind of separation based on the postulated two ecotypes, but rather suggest free interbreeding with no gene flow interruption between the two distinct host patches. This challenges previous assumptions on distinguishable ecotypes in N. vitripennis, and invites a re-evaluation of potential ecological speciation mechanisms in parasitoid wasps. This dataset contains: 1) microsatellite data for 14 loci 25 N. vitripennis females collected in 2018 in the Hoge Veluwe in The Netherlands (HV2018_MicrosatelliteDataset.csv) 2) Raw data of GC-MS profiles of cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) of N.vitripennis males and females from iso-female lines collected in 2018 in the Hoge Veluwe in The Netherlands (HV2018_CHC_RawData.tar) and an overview (HV2018_GCMS_Data.csv).

Published
2023

20. Neglected Very Long-Chain Hydrocarbons and the Incorporation of Body Surface Area Metrics Reveal Novel Perspectives for Cuticular Profile Analysis in Insects

Author

Golian, Marek, Bien, Tanja, Schmelzle, Sebastian, Esparza-Mora, Margy Alejandra, McMahon, Dino Peter, Dreisewerd, Klaus, Buellesbach, Jan, Golian, Marek, Bien, Tanja, Schmelzle, Sebastian, Esparza-Mora, Margy Alejandra, McMahon, Dino Peter, Dreisewerd, Klaus, and Buellesbach, Jan

Abstract

The waxy layer covering the surface of most terrestrial insects is mainly composed of non-polar lipids termed cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). These have a long research history as important dual traits for both desiccation prevention and chemical communication. We analyzed CHC profiles of seven species of the insect order Blattodea (termites and cockroaches) with the most commonly applied chromatographic method, gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the more novel approach of silver-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (Ag-LDI-MS). Comparing these two analytical methods, we demonstrated that the conventional GC-MS approach does not provide enough information on the entire CHC profile range in the tested species. Ag-LDI-MS was able to detect very long-chain CHCs ranging up to C58, which remained undetected when solely relying on standard GC-MS analysis. Additionally, we measured the body surface areas of each tested species applying 3D scanning technology to assess their respective CHC amounts per mm². When adjusting for body surface areas, proportional CHC quantity distributions shifted considerably between our studied species, suggesting the importance of including this factor when conducting quantitative CHC comparisons, particularly in insects that vary substantially in body size. Abstract Most of our knowledge on insect cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) stems from analytical techniques based on gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). However, this method has its limits under standard conditions, particularly in detecting compounds beyond a chain length of around C40. Here, we compare the CHC chain length range detectable by GC-MS with the range assessed by silver-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (Ag-LDI-MS), a novel and rarely applied technique on insect CHCs, in seven species of the order Blattodea. For all tested species, we unveiled a considerable range of very long-chain CHCs up t

Published
2022

21. Phylogenetic Revision and Patterns of Host Specificity in the Fungal Subphylum Entomophthoromycotina

Author

Mockel, Lars, Meusemann, Karen, Misof, Bernhard, Schwartze, V.U., Fine Licht, Henrik H. De, Voigt, Kerstin, Hoog, S. de, Beutel, Rolf G., Buellesbach, Jan, Mockel, Lars, Meusemann, Karen, Misof, Bernhard, Schwartze, V.U., Fine Licht, Henrik H. De, Voigt, Kerstin, Hoog, S. de, Beutel, Rolf G., and Buellesbach, Jan

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 252259.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2022

23. Table S3 from Genetic and genomic architecture of species-specific cuticular hydrocarbon variation in parasitoid wasps

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Holze, Henrietta, Schrader, Lukas, Liebig, Jürgen, Schmitt, Thomas, Gadau, Juergen, and Niehuis, Oliver

Abstract

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) serve two fundamental functions in insects: protection against desiccation and chemical signalling. How the interaction of genes shapes CHC profiles, which are essential for insect survival, adaptation and reproductive success, is still poorly understood. Here we investigate the genetic and genomic basis of CHC biosynthesis and variation in parasitoid wasps of the genus Nasonia. We mapped 91 quantitative trait loci (QTL) explaining the variation of a total of 43 CHCs in F2 hybrid males from interspecific crosses between three Nasonia species. To identify candidate genes, we localized orthologues of CHC biosynthesis-related genes in the Nasonia genomes. We discovered multiple genomic regions where the location of QTL coincides with the location of CHC biosynthesis-related candidate genes. Most conspicuously, on a region close to the centromere of chromosome 1, multiple CHC biosynthesis-related candidate genes co-localize with several QTL explaining variation in methyl-branched alkanes. The genetic underpinnings behind this compound class are not well understood so far, despite their high potential for encoding chemical information as well as their prevalence in hymenopteran CHC profiles. Our study considerably extends our knowledge on the genetic architecture governing this important compound class, establishing a model for methyl-branched alkane genetics in the Hymenoptera in general.

Published
2022
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28. Behavioural and genetic analyses of Nasonia shed light on the evolution of sex pheromones

Author

Niehuis, Oliver, Buellesbach, Jan, Gibson, Joshua D., Pothmann, Daniela, Hanner, Christian, Mutti, Navdeep S., Judson, Andrea K., Gadau, Jurgen, Ruther, Joachim, and Schmitt, Thomas

Subjects
Adaptation (Biology) -- Research, Wasps -- Sexual behavior, Pheromones -- Genetic aspects, Phenotype -- Properties, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Sex pheromones play a pivotal role in the communication of many sexually reproducing organisms (1). Accordingly, speciation is often accompanied by pheromone diversification enabling proper mate finding and recognition (2). [...]

Published
2013

30. Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Author

Dennis, Alice B., Ballesteros, Gabriel I., Robin, Stéphanie, Schrader, Lukas, Bast, Jens, Berghöfer, Jan, Beukeboom, Leo W., Belghazi, Maya, Bretaudeau, Anthony, Buellesbach, Jan, Cash, Elizabeth, Colinet, Dominique, Dumas, Zoé, Errbii, Mohammed, Falabella, Patrizia, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Geuverink, Elzemiek, Gibson, Joshua D., Hertaeg, Corinne, Hartmann, Stefanie, Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle, Lammers, Mark, Lavandero, Blas I., Lindenbaum, Ina, Massardier-Galata, Lauriane, Meslin, Camille, Montagné, Nicolas, Pak, Nina, Poirié, Marylène, Salvia, Rosanna, Smith, Chris R., Tagu, Denis, Tares, Sophie, Vogel, Heiko, Schwander, Tanja, Simon, Jean-Christophe, Figueroa, Christian C., Vorburger, Christoph, Legeai, Fabrice, Gadau, Jürgen, Department of Aquatic Ecology - (Dübendorf, Suisse), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Universidad de Talca, Plateforme Génomique Environnementale et Fonctionnelle (GEF), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity (IEB), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Département d'écologie et évolution [Lausanne] (DEE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen] (GELIFES), University of Groningen [Groningen], Institut de neurophysiopathologie (INP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Environmental Sciences [Riverside], University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), Georgia Southern University, University System of Georgia (USG), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication [Versailles] (PISC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of biology Earlham College, Richmond, IN 47374, USA., 1130483 and 1170943, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, ANR-11-LABX-0028-01, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, PP00P3_123376, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, 1554/3-1, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, GA 661/4-1, Deutsches Forschungsgemeinschaft, ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California-University of California, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Universität Potsdam, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Beukeboom lab, and Evolutionary Genetics, Development & Behaviour

Subjects
lcsh:QH426-470, Bioinformatics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Biotechnology, Wasps, Lysiphlebus fabarum, Aphidius ervi, CODON USAGE BIAS, DE-NOVO, Toll and Imd pathways, Medical and Health Sciences, DNA methylation loss, MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT, FACULTATIVE ENDOSYMBIONTS, Information and Computing Sciences, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, ddc:570, Genetics, Animals, DROSOPHILA IMMUNE-RESPONSE, ddc:610, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, GENE-EXPRESSION, SEX DETERMINATION, Venom proteins, GC content, Venoms, fungi, Genomics, Aphids/genetics, Aphids/immunology, DNA Methylation/genetics, GC Rich Sequence, Insect Proteins/genetics, Sex Determination Processes/genetics, Venoms/genetics, Wasps/genetics, Wasps/immunology, Aphid host, Chemosensory genes, Parasitoid wasp, de novo genome assembly, DNA Methylation, Sex Determination Processes, Biological Sciences, INTRODUCED POPULATIONS, lcsh:Genetics, Aphids, TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS, Insect Proteins, Research Article
Abstract

Background Parasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts. Results We present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of L. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes. Conclusions These findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org., Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 989

Published
2020
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31. Additional file 14 of Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Author

Dennis, Alice B., Ballesteros, Gabriel I., Robin, Stéphanie, Schrader, Lukas, Bast, Jens, Berghöfer, Jan, Beukeboom, Leo W., Belghazi, Maya, Bretaudeau, Anthony, Buellesbach, Jan, Cash, Elizabeth, Colinet, Dominique, Dumas, Zoé, Errbii, Mohammed, Falabella, Patrizia, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Elzemiek Geuverink, Gibson, Joshua D., Hertaeg, Corinne, Hartmann, Stefanie, Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle, Lammers, Mark, Lavandero, Blas I., Lindenbaum, Ina, Massardier-Galata, Lauriane, Meslin, Camille, Montagné, Nicolas, Pak, Nina, Poirié, Marylène, Salvia, Rosanna, Smith, Chris R., Tagu, Denis, Tares, Sophie, Vogel, Heiko, Schwander, Tanja, Jean-Christophe Simon, Figueroa, Christian C., Vorburger, Christoph, Legeai, Fabrice, and Gadau, Jürgen

Abstract

Additional file 14. Supplementary Materials.

Published
2020
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33. Micro‐climate correlations and conserved sexual dimorphism of cuticular hydrocarbons in European populations of the jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis.

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Diao, Wenwen, Schmitt, Thomas, and Beukeboom, Leo W.

Subjects
*SEXUAL dimorphism, *SEXUAL attraction, *SEMIOCHEMICALS, *WASPS, *CLIMATE change, *PHEROMONES, *ANIMAL offspring sex ratio
Abstract

1. Protection against desiccation and chemical communication are two fundamental functions of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) in insects. In the parasitoid jewel wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Walker), characterised by a cosmopolitan distribution through largely different environments, CHCs function as universally recognised female sex pheromones. However, CHC uniformity as basis for sexual recognition may conflict with the desiccation protection function, expected to display considerable flexibility through adaptation to different environmental conditions. 2. We compared male and female CHC profiles of N. vitripennis across a wide latitudinal gradient in Europe and correlated their CHC variation with climatic factors associated with desiccation. Additionally, we tested male mate discrimination behaviour between populations to detect potential variations in female sexual attractiveness. 3. Results did not conform to the general expectation that longer, straight‐chain CHCs occur in higher proportions in warmer and drier climates. Instead, unexpected environmental correlations of intermediate chain‐length CHCs (C31) were found exclusively in females, potentially reflecting the different life histories of the sexes in N. vitripennis. 4. Furthermore, we found no indication of population‐specific male mate preference, confirming the stability of female sexual attractiveness, likely conveyed through their CHC profiles. C31 mono‐ and C33 di‐methyl‐branched alkanes were consistently and most strongly associated with sexual dimorphism, suggesting their potential role in encoding the female‐specific sexual signalling function. 5. Our study sheds light on how both adaptive flexibility and conserved sexual attractiveness can potentially be integrated and encoded in CHC profiles of N. vitripennis females across a wide distribution range in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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34. DrosophilaHNF4 acts in distinct tissues to direct a switch between lipid storage and export in the gut

Author

Vonolfen, Maximilian C., Meyer zu Altenschildesche, Fenja L., Nam, Hyuck-Jin, Brodesser, Susanne, Gyenis, Akos, Buellesbach, Jan, Lam, Geanette, Thummel, Carl S., and Storelli, Gilles

Abstract

Nutrient digestion, absorption, and export must be coordinated in the gut to meet the nutritional needs of the organism. We used the Drosophilaintestine to characterize the mechanisms that coordinate the fate of dietary lipids. We identified enterocytes specialized in absorbing and exporting lipids to peripheral organs. Distinct hepatocyte-like cells, called oenocytes, communicate with these enterocytes to adjust intestinal lipid storage and export. A single transcription factor, Drosophilahepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (dHNF4), supports this gut-liver axis. In enterocytes, dHNF4 maximizes dietary lipid export by preventing their sequestration in cytoplasmic lipid droplets. In oenocytes, dHNF4 promotes the expression of the insulin antagonist ImpL2 to activate Foxo and suppress lipid retention in enterocytes. Disruption of this switch between lipid storage and export is associated with intestinal inflammation, suggesting a lipidic origin for inflammatory bowel diseases. These studies establish dHNF4 as a central regulator of intestinal metabolism and inter-organ lipid trafficking.

Published
2024
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35. Additional file 3: of Differences in the reliance on cuticular hydrocarbons as sexual signaling and species discrimination cues in parasitoid wasps

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Vetter, Sebastian G., and Schmitt, Thomas

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

F1 male and female offspring from crosses between T. sarcophagae males with conspecific virgin T. sarcophagae and heterospecific N. vitripennis females, respectively. Note that only female offspring constitutes hybrid offspring as Hymenopteran males develop from haploid, unfertilized eggs. The N. vitripennis strain used for the crosses has been antibiotically cured of its Wolbachia infection and was originally collected in Leiden, The Netherlands. (DOCX 13Â kb)

Published
2018
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36. Additional file 1: of Differences in the reliance on cuticular hydrocarbons as sexual signaling and species discrimination cues in parasitoid wasps

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Vetter, Sebastian G., and Schmitt, Thomas

Subjects
genetic structures
Abstract

Percentages of male courtship (light grey bars) and copulation (black bars) with con- and heterospecific freeze-killed females tested with males and females from an N. vitripennis population originally collected in 2006 in New York, North America (N.A.). 20 replicates performed for each treatment group, different letters indicate significant differences between treatment groups, upper-case letters are used for courtship behavior, lower-case letters for copulation attempts, compared independently by Benjamini-Hochberg corrected Ď 2 (Chi)-square tests, performed on absolute values. (PDF 52Â kb)

Published
2018
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37. Additional file 2: of Differences in the reliance on cuticular hydrocarbons as sexual signaling and species discrimination cues in parasitoid wasps

Author

Buellesbach, Jan, Vetter, Sebastian G., and Schmitt, Thomas

Abstract

CHC compounds identified from males and females of Nasonia vitripennis, Trichomalopsis sarcophagae, and Muscidifurax uniraptor. Compound identifications, retention indices (RI), and their mean relative abundances (%) as well as standard deviations (Âą %) for each respective sex and species are given. X indicates non-detectable amounts of the respective compounds. (DOCX 30Â kb)

Published
2018
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39. Genetic and genomic architecture of species-specific cuticular hydrocarbon variation in parasitoid wasps.

Author

Buellesbach J, Holze H, Schrader L, Liebig J, Schmitt T, Gadau J, and Niehuis O

Subjects
Alkanes, Animals, Genomics, Hydrocarbons chemistry, Insecta, Male, Species Specificity, Wasps genetics
Abstract

Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) serve two fundamental functions in insects: protection against desiccation and chemical signalling. How the interaction of genes shapes CHC profiles, which are essential for insect survival, adaptation and reproductive success, is still poorly understood. Here we investigate the genetic and genomic basis of CHC biosynthesis and variation in parasitoid wasps of the genus Nasonia . We mapped 91 quantitative trait loci (QTL) explaining the variation of a total of 43 CHCs in F 2 hybrid males from interspecific crosses between three Nasonia species. To identify candidate genes, we localized orthologues of CHC biosynthesis-related genes in the Nasonia genomes. We discovered multiple genomic regions where the location of QTL coincides with the location of CHC biosynthesis-related candidate genes. Most conspicuously, on a region close to the centromere of chromosome 1, multiple CHC biosynthesis-related candidate genes co-localize with several QTL explaining variation in methyl-branched alkanes. The genetic underpinnings behind this compound class are not well understood so far, despite their high potential for encoding chemical information as well as their prevalence in hymenopteran CHC profiles. Our study considerably extends our knowledge on the genetic architecture governing this important compound class, establishing a model for methyl-branched alkane genetics in the Hymenoptera in general.

Published
2022
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