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The induction motor is a type of electric machine that is widely used for industrial operations in this modern era. It is an alternating current electric machine with several advantages, namely cheap, simple construction, and not requiring excessive maintenance, but has the biggest percentage of motor fault in the bearings. Therefore, this study aims to identify the inner race-bearing fault detection system based on sound signal frequency analysis. The sound signal processing was carried out using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm to analyze the condition of the inner race-bearing. The sound signal was used because it does not require direct contact with the bearing (non-invasive). The fault detection system was tested with two defects, namely scratched inner race and perforated inner race bearing. The results gave a successful detection of the condition of the inner race bearing with a percentage of 81.24%. This showed that the fault detection system using sound signals with FFT signal processing was carried out with high accuracy.

Integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in teacher education is a means to support the teaching and learning process. Good teaching by utilizing technology certainly requires changes, especially in the realm of pedagogy, but teachers apparently do not have enough ability to optimize ICT in the learning process. In fact, ICT has the potential to provide various benefits for teachers and students, including joint learning areas, cooperative and collaborative learning opportunities. Therefore, this research aims to identify the use of mobile learning application (MLA) and its impact as a form of ICT integration in learning. The method used is literature study, by taking data from various relevant scientific articles and books. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis from the results of the synthesis of several literature reviews obtained. The research results show that a number of 10 main articles and 15 relevant supporting articles as well as several book sources show that mobile-based learning with smartphone devices is becoming a trend at various levels of education, both academic and vocational.

The importance of skills for vocational high school graduates in entering the workforce, facing competition, and increasing productivity, in accordance with the current industry needs, cannot be overstated. E-learning has become one of the platforms that vocational high schools can utilize to assist students in acquiring the necessary skills such as literacy, communication, collaboration and critical thinking as needed in the 21st century. However, the issue lies in determining the type of e-learning that can enhance students' learning outcomes and skills. This paper aims to present an analysis and description of the implementation of different types of e-learning in vocational high school education. The research adopts a systematic literature review approach, incorporating research questions: i) what types of e-learning are being used? ii) what are the impacts of implementing e-learning in vocational high schools? and iii) what competencies can be enhanced through the implementation of e-learning. The subject of this research is articles that have been published in Scopus and Google Scholar-indexed journals. The article selection technique employed the PRISMA method, which successfully obtained 35 articles out of the 2,093 articles. The review results indicate that there are many variations in the utilization of e-learning formats in schools. Digital learning media is one type of e-learning that is often used by teachers, although there are many other types such as e-modules, Learning Management System, multimedia, and others. In addition, the research findings showed that through e-learning, many 21st-century skills, such as literacy and critical thinking abilities can be improved. The findings further showed that e-learning contributes to the improvement of learning outcomes in psychomotor and cognitive aspects. These research findings are expected to serve as a basis for vocational school teachers to confidently utilize e-learning in their teaching activities.

Abstraction is essential to learning mathematics because the mathematical concepts obtained through abstraction will be more meaningful than directly receiving these concepts. This study aims to describe the pre-service teachers' abstraction in constructing relationships among quadrilaterals. This research method was explorative qualitative research with a purposive sampling technique. The subject of this research was a pre-service mathematics teacher who had taken a geometry course. The data analysis techniques used in this study were data condensation, data display, drawing and verifying conclusions. The research results showed that the participant used epistemic actions in an abstraction, such as recognising each quadrilateral type, building-with their properties, constructing relationships among them, and consolidating the abstract results made. Thus, the abstraction in constructing relationships among quadrilaterals can be observed from the epistemic actions: recognising, building-with, constructing, and consolidation, known as RBC+C.

The COVID-19 outbreak had an impact not only on health but also on new lifestyle changes (economic and environmental), particularly changes in mode choice behavior. Government applied various restrictions such as limited gathering, mandatory face masks to prevent the transmission of pandemic’s spread. Restrictions changes personal decisions about which mode of transportation to use. This study highlighted changes in perspective towards mode choice. People prefer walking, cars, and motorbikes during the pandemic as they feel safer and cost-effective. Numerous studies related to activity satisfaction found daily activities, mode choice, and well-being form process and evaluation of an individual's satisfaction. This study focuses the relationship between public transportation (sustainable transport, safe, green, and efficient) to activity satisfaction levels caused by COVID-19 outbreak. Agglomeration Surakarta, Indonesia, has become the location for this study. The data was taken through of 402 respondents. The level of activity satisfaction is indicated using a Likert Scale. Bivariate analysis is applied to determine the most influencing in mode choice behavior amongst activity satisfaction. The result studies average travel time is 49.07 minutes/day. Travel time with the dominant mode used is cars reaching 55.51%, followed by non-motorized vehicles at 22.43%, motorbikes at 19.77%, public transportation at 1.83%, and ride-sourcing at 0.46%. It can be concluded that people choose to travel safely using private vehicles to avoid interaction with other people. However, using public transportation will provide less activity satisfaction than other modes of transportation. The research may be helpful to policymakers of public transportation in the future.

Selection using genetic markers (MAS) is carried out in an effort to accelerate livestock breeding programs, through molecular studies individual superior livestock can be detected earlier so that the selection program can be directed and controlled. This study aims to analyze genetic diversity at the growth hormone locus that is thought to have a relationship with reproductive and production traits in Friesian Holstein Crossed (FHC) dairy cattle through the polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method. The study was conducted in Pujon subdistrict using 53 FHC cattle samples. The results showed that at the GH gene locus only one genotype was found, AA with an allele frequency of 1.00. Based on these results, it was concluded that the GH gene in FHC cattle is monomorphic. The information in this study can be used as a reference in formulating livestock breeding programs.

Chromosomal data on swamp buffalo especially in East Java province, is still lacking. For breeders, chromosomal analysis needs to be done to detect the possibility of hereditary genetic defects. In Malang Area, farmers lack of care and breeding programs for swamp buffalo also caused a decline in the genetic quality and performance. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of the chromosome analysis of swamp buffalo in Malang and another area in East Java province, which were selected based on differences in phenotypic characters. Chromosome analysis is very important for breeders because the results of this study can be used as a consideration for strategies to improve the genetic quality of swamp buffalo. The method used is standard karyotyping using whole blood with G banding staining. Chromosomal preparation using Karyo MAX medium, Colcemic Solution, Giemsa Stain, and KCl solution. Cell culture was performed according to the standard karyotyping method in mammals. The minimum number of 5 spreading chromosomes is the best was chosen, microphotographed, and then chromosome analysis is performed using Cytovision Image Analysis software. The results of this study did not find swamp buffalo with an abnormal number of chromosomes in East Java Province, Indonesia.

As health workers, nurses at the forefront of the COVID-19 pandemic tend to be very prone to suffer both physical and mental health problems due to workloads and other factors during the Covid-19 pandemic.This study aimed to analyze the impact of factors such as length and place of quarantine and stigma on the resilience among COVID-19 survivors nurses. This research uses a quantitative descriptive technique and a cross-sectional approach. The google form questionnaire method is used as an instrument in data collection and processed utilizing multi regression analysis. The research output showed that 58.7% of nurses who survived COVID-19 had moderate resilience, 25.4% had high resilience, and 15.9% had low resilience. The long quarantine period results lead to an average of 85.7%, 11.1% for the long quarantine period, and 3.2% for the short quarantine period, with an influence value of 7.1%. The result of stigmatization leads to moderate 71.4%, high 15.9%, and 12.7% low with an influence value of 94.7%. By getting in multiple regression analysis p-values of 0.003 < 0.05, the F test value (5,120) > F tab (3.09) and it is summarized that place, the length of quarantine and stigmatization simultaneously influence the resilience of COVID-19 survivor nurses. It influences the value of the determinant coefficient (R2) of 20.7%, and the rest is influenced by factors outside the study, such as gender, age and academic degree. These findings suggest that stigma and place of quarantine factors are important predictors that affect mental toughness and quality of life to increase immunity for nurses themselves.

Background: High cholesterol dietinduced hypercholesterolemia. Noni fruit extracthas flavonoids which are expected to reduceblood total cholesterol levels.This study aims to determine the effect of noni fruit extract (Morinda citrifolia) on total blood cholesterol levels in wistar strain male rats (Rattus norvegicus) given a high-fat diet. Method: Experimental study using post test only control group design. A total of 24 wistar strain male rats were divided into 3 groups: negative controlgroup given standard feed; positive control group of experimental animals who were given a high-fat diet; the experimental group treated with a high-fat diet for 14 days and given noni fruit extractat a dose of 200 mg / Kg BB. On the 29th day total blood cholesterol levels were measured for all groups of experimental animals. Results: The Mann Whitney UTest showed a significant increase in total blood cholesterol levels in the positive group of experimental animals given a high-fat diet (68.13 mg/dl) compared to the negative control group of experimental animals given standard feed (51.25 mg/dl). There was a significant decrease in total blood cholesterol levels in the experimental group treated with a high-fat diet and noni fruit extract (61mg/dl) compared to the average positive control group of experimental animals given a high-fat diet (68.13 mg/dl). Conclusion: Provision of a high-fat diet in wistar strain male ratscan significantly increase total blood cholesterol levels. The administration of noni fruit extract in wistar strain male ratscan significantly reduce total blood cholesterol levels

This study is based on the bibliometrics analysis of research publications that focus on highlighting the argumentation on mathematics education. The main objective of this study is to analyze the distribution of research results, the main journals for publication, and the most productive authors, the pattern of authorship and the pattern of citation. Data was collected from Scopus database and was analyzed using VOSviewer software. A total of 173 articles published from 1995 to December 2021 were retrieved and perused. Graphs, tables, charts, and maps have been used to analyze and present collected data. The analysis results show that argumentation in mathematics education has been studied frequently with the concepts of proof, reasoning, teacher education, and geometry. Journal of Mathematical Behavior and Educational Studies in Mathematics have been the top journals, and the University of Rutgers has been the most influential institution, and the United States has had a significant prevalence in this field. The results of this study provide insights for researchers interested in mathematics education in this field, suggesting that they can explore various alternatives to the major research trends and the influential articles mentioned. Based on the results, recommendations for future studies are provided.

The objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize the argumentation patterns used by seventh-grade students in the context of algebraic addition and subtraction problems. A qualitative case study was conducted using the Claim-Evidence-Reasoning (CER) model (McNeill & Krajcik, 2008) and argument quality framework. To describe the arguments put forth by the participants, a sample of ten students with high mathematics proficiency and ten students with low mathematics proficiency were selected from the target population of junior high schools in a large region of West Java, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out using written argumentation frame for algebraic operations (AFAO). The results revealed that, although none of the students employed the CH+EH+RH pattern (which represents the highest quality of arguments), students with high mathematics proficiency levels exhibited a greater prevalence of these argumentation patterns compared to those with low mathematics proficiency levels. The findings have implications as a valuable resource for teachers in monitoring the advancement of their students and preventing or alleviating diverse difficulties or inaccuracies that they may face. Based on the findings, a specific design for a classroom teaching activity is proposed.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that higher folate intake is associated with decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk; however, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are not fully understood. Genetic variation that may have a direct or indirect impact on folate metabolism can provide insights into folates role in CRC. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to perform a genome-wide interaction analysis to identify genetic variants that may modify the association of folate on CRC risk. METHODS: We applied traditional case-control logistic regression, joint 3-degree of freedom, and a 2-step weighted hypothesis approach to test the interactions of common variants (allele frequency >1%) across the genome and dietary folate, folic acid supplement use, and total folate in relation to risk of CRC in 30,550 cases and 42,336 controls from 51 studies from 3 genetic consortia (CCFR, CORECT, GECCO). RESULTS: Inverse associations of dietary, total folate, and folic acid supplement with CRC were found (odds ratio [OR]: 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90, 0.96; and 0.91; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.94 per quartile higher intake, and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.88) for users compared with nonusers, respectively). Interactions (P-interaction < 5×10-8) of folic acid supplement and variants in the 3p25.2 locus (in the region of Synapsin II [SYN2]/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4 [TIMP4]) were found using traditional interaction analysis, with variant rs150924902 (located upstream to SYN2) showing the strongest interaction. In stratified analyses by rs150924902 genotypes, folate supplementation was associated with decreased CRC risk among those carrying the TT genotype (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.86) but increased CRC risk among those carrying the TA genotype (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.29, 2.05), suggesting a qualitative interaction (P-interaction = 1.4×10-8). No interactions were observed for dietary and total folate. CONCLUSIONS: Variation in 3p25.2 locus may modify the association of folate supplement with CRC risk. Experimental studies and studies incorporating other relevant omics data are warranted to validate this finding.

One of the keys to be successful in transport modeling is indicated by how large the transfence of private users to public transports. The public transport role to solve the problem of traffic jam in urban areas is indisputable. It is undeniable that public transport is a very efficient mode in using road space. For that reason, the sustainability of public transport becomes a necessity that must be achieved. When there is no possible way to minimize the operating cost, the only way is by raising the revenue. The revenue really depends on the number of passengers and not by raising fare, as the fare has been set by the government. This paper attempts to analyze the financial resilience on public transport in Surakarta City i.e. Batik Solo Trans (BST) based on the data of users demand on public transport. This study found that the total of real passengers per year was very few that there were only 87, 908 passengers and the financial loss related to the BST operation was Rp. 291,302,006.00 per year. If it happens continuesly, the sustainability is difficult to maintain, unless the Surakarta Municipal Government is willing to cover the loss. The operation of BST will reach break even point if the number of passengers reach 161,056 people per year.

Traditional houses are part of the culture of every country. Indonesia is a country that has a variety of traditional houses. The traditional Banyuwangi house is known as the "Using" house. This house can be explored in terms of ethnomathematics and used as part of learning mathematics. This research is focused on knowing and describing mathematics learning that integrates the ethnomathematics of "Using" house, thematic, and connected models. The research was also conducted to determine the effectiveness of the learning that has been carried out. The results showed that the use of the "Using" house in ethnomathematical-thematic-connected-based mathematics learning: (1) could be done using the trivium concept (literacy, matheracy, and technoracy); (2) can be done thematically by integrating four subjects (Indonesian, social sciences, fine arts, and mathematics); (3) can be connected by integrating two mathematical concepts (two-dimensional geometry and arithmetic); (4) through seven phases of learning; and (5) effective because 80% of students can solve problems as expected.

This study aims to describe the abstraction of epistemic action, which includes recognition, building-with and construction in junior high school students with low spatial ability in constructing cube nets. The research method used in this study is an exploratory qualitative method with the primary data in the form of interviews with two junior high school students with low spatial abilities who were selected using an inclusive purposive sampling technique. Based on data analysis on the two subjects, it was found that the two subjects constructed a cube net of 14 plain cube nets, 14 colour cube nets and 14 cube nets with variations of domino motifs. In the activity of constructing the cube nets, the two subjects used different epistemic actions; subject SR1 constructed the cube nets as a whole using only two epistemic actions, referred to as recognition and building-with. The activity of subject SR2 in constructing cube nets as a whole uses more epistemic actions that are tiered and interrelated with each other, where the first action that occurs is recognition, the second is building-with, and the third is construction.

ICT-based learning media innovation is very relevant to support the learning process. Therefore, this study aims to develop interactive multimedia products that are suitable for use in learning activities. The method in this research is research and development (R&D) which adopts the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. The data collection technique used was a non-test technique, with a variety of instruments at each stage. At the analysis stage we used an observation sheet and a needs analysis questionnaire; at the design stage we used a document study and then at the development and implementation stage we used a multimedia feasibility questionnaire for media experts, teachers and 54 students. The results showed that during the learning process the teacher was not optimal in utilising ICT-based media; students strongly supported the development of interactive multimedia, which was good, followed by several suggestions for improving product quality. Overall, the interactive multimedia is included in the appropriate category as an instructional media.

One of the cultural outcomes of the Madurese community is the traditional "tanean lanjang" house with a long front yard, designed from several "batih" (nuclear) families, consisting of a married couple with unmarried children. This study explores geometric concepts of the traditional house to demonstrate how they can be useful for learning mathematics. The descriptive qualitative study described the mathematical concepts found in the "tanean lanjang" traditional house or settlement in Madura. Furthermore, an ethnographic method was also used to analyze documents, ethnographic notes, and documentation (photos). Data analysis techniques employed an interactive model of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study show that the cultural values and geometric concepts of the "tanean lanjang" traditional house comprised (1) kinship and brotherhood values, (2) harmony in the household, and (3) strength in the household. The geometric concepts contained in the traditional "tanean lanjang" house include 2-dimensional shape (i.e., rectangle, trapezoid, triangle), perimeter of 2-dimensional shape, area of 2-dimensional shape, 3- dimensional shape (i.e., triangular prism), the volume of 3-dimensional shape, curve, and the concept of reflection in geometry.

The use of information technology in education has the potential to have positive outcomes in the face of globalization. This study aimed to identify various needs in order to integrate technology into learning. The study employed a quantitative approach with a survey method to senior high schools. The questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument which was distributed to a research sample of 60 students who were randomly selected. The results revealed that students' attitudes toward the integration of technology into the learning process are inversely proportional to their use of learning media, which is still limited to the printed module. Students would like to create interactive multimedia as a medium for learning craftsmanship and entrepreneurship, based on the needs of students who are technologically literate and efforts to optimize the use of facilities that available at school.

Asphalt mixture is a viscoelastic material. Several factors affect the behavior of a viscoelastic material. Temperature and loading time are the most critical of these parameters. Vehicle speed affects time loading, therefore it’s very important to know the influence of vehicle speed changes in mechanistic performance of bitumen and asphalt mixture with different aggregate gradation types, namely dense graded and gap graded. Based on data of bitumen penetration, bitumen softening point, volume of bitumen, volume of aggregate and volume of voids, mechanistic performance of bitumen and asphalt mixture influenced by vehicle speed changes can be predicted using the software BANDS 2.0. The variation of vehicle speed will be carried out to see its significance. The results of the BANDS 2.0 simulation show that vehicle speed changes influence bitumen stiffness, asphalt mix stiffness and fatigue life asphalt mix. The higher the vehicle speed is, the higher bitumen stiffness and asphalt mix stiffness will be, but fatigue life asphalt mix will be lower. At the same vehicle speed, asphalt mix stiffness of dense graded mixture will be higher than gap graded mixture. The other way for fatigue life asphalt mix.

Thin surfacing hot mixed asphalt is one of the alternatives to anticipate the problem of thickness on overlay that are being developed as environment-friendly pavement, but the use of thin surfacing was still not maximum with some weakness. One way to improve the qualities of bitumen is by the use of the modification which has been available in the market. A new materials available in market is retona. Retona (Refined Buton Asphalt) is produced by the extraction of the natural asphalt from Buton island, Indonesia that were developed with a distillation process and extraction. The study has been carried out to define optimum bitumen content and characteristic in hot mix thin surfacing by using retona blend 55 and asphalt penetration 60 / 70 with the experimental method using the Marshall to define the stability, flow, density, percentage number of pores, Marshal Quotient (MQ). Result of Marshall test thin sufacing hot mix asplhat for optimum bitumen content retona belnd 55 asphalt is 5,87%, using the same gradations achieved optimum bitumen content of asphalt penetration 60/70 of 5.80%. In each of the asphalt on the conditions of optimum bitumen content obtained difference for characteristic and properties. Stability value retona blend 55 asphalt 525,61 kg, and asphalt penetration of 60/70 is 651,16 kg. The density value of retona blend 55 asphalt 2,06%, and asphalt penetration 60/70 is 2,11%. The percentage of the pores value of retona blend 55 asphalt is 18,45%, and asphalt penetration 60/70 is 15,8%. Flow value retona blend 55 asphalt is 2,11mm, and asphalt penetration 60/70 is 2,23mm. Thus asphalt penetration have resistance to traffic loads which is stronger, with a more solid density value, the value of smaller pores and higher flow values than the natural rock asphalt blend retona 55 asphalt.

The current study employed a content analysis approach to analyze and compare argumentation research in K-12 mathematics and science education published on top five academic journals with the highest impact factor from 2010 to 2019. It includes 9 research articles in the field of mathematics education and 77 research articles in the field of science education. The objectives of this study are to examine the similarities and differences in number of articles, contributors by nationality, method and design, subject, model, setting, and research topics. The results show that despite the argumentation research trend in both contexts tends to decrease, there are more researches related to argumentation on science subject compared to mathematics at K-12 level. These results have an impact on the increasingly diverse categories of argumentation studies in K-12 science. The implications of this research can obviously provide insights to the study of argumentation for mathematics education, science, and education researchers.

BackgroundThe use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) may interact with genetic variants to influence colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.MethodsWe conducted a genome-wide, gene-environment interaction between single nucleotide polymorphisms and the use of any MHT, estrogen only, and combined estrogen-progestogen therapy with CRC risk, among 28 486 postmenopausal women (11 519 CRC patients and 16 967 participants without CRC) from 38 studies, using logistic regression, 2-step method, and 2- or 3-degree-of-freedom joint test. A set-based score test was applied for rare genetic variants.ResultsThe use of any MHT, estrogen only and estrogen-progestogen were associated with a reduced CRC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.64 to 0.78; OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.53 to 0.79; and OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.59 to 0.90, respectively). The 2-step method identified a statistically significant interaction between a GRIN2B variant rs117868593 and MHT use, whereby MHT-associated CRC risk was statistically significantly reduced in women with the GG genotype (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.72) but not within strata of GC or CC genotypes. A statistically significant interaction between a DCBLD1 intronic variant at 6q22.1 (rs10782186) and MHT use was identified by the 2-degree-of-freedom joint test. The MHT-associated CRC risk was reduced with increasing number of rs10782186-C alleles, showing odds ratios of 0.78 (95% CI = 0.70 to 0.87) for TT, 0.68 (95% CI = 0.63 to 0.73) for TC, and 0.66 (95% CI = 0.60 to 0.74) for CC genotypes. In addition, 5 genes in rare variant analysis showed suggestive interactions with MHT (2-sided P

House of Using "Banyuwangi" is one of the cultural components of the Using tribe in "Banyuwangi"-Indonesia which contains a lot of mathematical concepts. The existence of mathematical concepts in culture, commonly known as ethnomathematics, can be the basis for the development of mathematics teaching materials for elementary school. In addition to the application of cultural components in the form of Using traditional houses, the use of Using language as a language of learning can also be a bridge for students to be able to more easily understand mathematical concepts that are still abstract.

The objective of this study is to produce a vignette in measuring mathematical knowledge for teaching based conceptual (MKT-C). The method of this research is a development research conducted by synthesizing the expert reviews on MKT-C in the knowledge domain of material content which was divided into sub domains: common content knowledge based conceptual (CCK-C), specialized content knowledge based conceptual (SCK-C) and knowledge at the mathematical horizon based conceptual (KMH-C) through vignette. The research procedure is as follows: defining constructs, identifying and preparing indicators, developing vignette, validating experts or expert validation and trial test. The research phases included (1) preliminary phase: preparation and design and (2) formative evaluation phase: self-evaluation, prototyping and field test (Tessmer, 2013). At formative evaluation phase, self-evaluation began and it is done by the researcher himself. In expert review phase, validation in terms of content, construct and language by experts was done. One-to-one phase was conducted for the teacher to test the readability. Then it was tried out to the teachers in the small group of non-research subjects. They were asked for suggestions and comments for improvement. The small group carried out was to 29 teachers who participated in the teacher professional education program at Universitas Halu Oleo.