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As stated in the relevant law, Mining is part or all of the stages of activity in the context of research, management and exploitation of minerals or coal which includes general investigations, exploration, feasibility studies, construction, mining, processing and/or refining, or development and / or utilization, transportation and sale, as well as post-mining activities. The research method used is a normative research method that focuses on library research to obtain secondary data from legal materials. The normative approach is carried out by reviewing the applicable provisions or laws and regulations. The results of the study show that the basis for the consideration of the panel of judges in deciding the case number Decision Number 30/Pid.B/LH/2019/PN Pti is based on the legal facts that were revealed at trial in the form of statements of witnesses, documentary evidence, and the statement of the accused associated with appropriate evidence, the elements in the article as indicted by the public prosecutor, namely Article 158 in conjunction with Article 37 of Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining, all of these elements have been fulfilled.

Drip irrigation is a method of providing water with a low flow rate. The drip irrigation system can savewater usage, because it can minimize water losses that may occur. The use of drip irrigation systems needsto be considered from a financial analysis point of view. Financial analysis is one of the aspects used inassessing the investment plan of a development. There are several investment criteria that can be used inproject evaluation, including Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C), IRR, and BEP.Based on the description above, it will raise important issues that will become the details of the problem,namely to provide an assessment of the economic efficiency of operations and maintenance of the dripirrigation system. The results of the drip irrigation project research show that it is feasible to run based oninvestment criteria. The results of the NPV calculation are Rp. 74,293,523.47. The result of IRR calculation is36.53%. The result of the calculation of Net B/C is 1.75. The calculation result of BEP is 547.7 kg/year, whilethe rupiah BEP is Rp. 24,902.15/kg. The results of the feasibility and sensitivity test gives a conclusion thatthe application of drip irrigation is feasible for the owner farmers, especially the scavenger farmers inPandanrejo Village.

In the world of electric cars, the motor speed control system plays an important role in the design of an electric car. A vehicle will run if the control or control of a drive in the form of a motor runs stably and has little energy consumption. One way to achieve this stability is by understanding the commutation accuracy of each motor used. The purpose of this final project is to design a brushless direct current motor speed control system of type 120 and 60 degrees using the Six-Step Commutation configuration.

INTRODUCTION: Identifying Ki67, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes proliferating cells, is important for defining the level of proliferative activity among patients with breast cancer. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the correlation between Ki67’s expression and histopathological grade, tumor size, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) among breast cancer patients. METHODS: Our retrospective cohort study involved examining 114 patients with breast cancer at our institution from January 2018 to December 2019. Participants were retrospectively followed to determine the progression of their disease, and their 2-year progress was examined with survival analysis, especially regarding whether they had postoperative relapse (i.e., DFS) or had died since being diagnosed (i.e., OS). The data were processed with a chi-square test and Kaplan–Meier test, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULT: The overexpression of Ki67 correlated significantly with histopathological grade (p = 0.001), tumor size (p = 0.001), DFS (p = 0.001), and OS (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Ki67’s overexpression is significantly correlated with the tumor size, DFS, and OS of patients with breast cancer.

Malapari (Pongamia pinnata) is one of tree species belonging to Family of Leguminosae. Malapari seed oil were known as potential source for biofuel. The previous study showed that Provenance from Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon Banten had highest oil content among provenances in Java. Seed exploration was carried out to determine variations among families on oil content and growth performance. This study was conducted to determine the variation among families on growth performance at nursery level. The seedlings were used as planting stocks for Progeny Test establishment. This study was arranged in randomized completely block design with 50 families, 10 seedlings per plot and repeated in 4 blocks resulting the total number of observation units were 2000 seedlings. Seedling survival rate, growth performance (height, diameter, leave number), and sturdiness ratio was measured monthly up to 5 months after sowing. Analyses of variance was used to find out differences among families. Correlation among characters/parameters was analyzed by Pearson Correlation Analyses. The results showed that variations among families were found on seedling growthperformance. The seedling survival rate at the age of 5 months was 84.60% (26,70-100%) with an average growth of 47.10 cm (31,2-59,7 cm) in height, 5.49 mm (4,7-6,5 mm) in diameter, 8.56 for seedlings sturdiness and 15.4 (10,9-18,8) for leave number

Kabupaten Gresik dikenal sebagai Kota industri sekaligus Kota santri. Sebutan Kota santri disebabkan banyak berdiri pondok pesantren dan terdapat 2 (dua) makam Walisongo, yaitu para ulama yang dahulu menyebarkan agama Islam di Pulau Jawa, yaitu Syekh Maulana Malik Ibrahim dan Sunan Giri. Disamping kedua makam wali, terdapat juga beberapa makam tokoh Islam yang saat ini banyak diziarahi oleh wisatawan lokal, nasional bahkan internasional. Aktivitas ziarah ini diistilahkan wisata religi. Pada saat pendemi Covid-19, jumlah wisatawan religi menurun, Hal ini berdampak negatif bagi banyak pihak, seperti pemerintah daerah, pengelola makam, pedagang makanan minuman dan cenderamata, penyedia transportasi lokal dan akomodasi. Para pihak ini merupakan aktor rantai pasok dari wisata religi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketahanan rantai pasok wisata religi di Gresik sehingga para aktornya dapat mengantisipasi dan lebih tahan terhadap gangguan yang terjadi pasca pandemi. Metode yang dipakai dalam artikel ini adalah observasi langsung yang diperkuat dengan kajian literatur guna mengidentifikasi strategi resiliensi berdasarkan indikator kinerja dari 3 (tiga) fase resiliensi: antisipasi dengan indikator visibility, resistensi dengan indikator flexibility, redundancy, collaborative, robustness dan agility serta respon dan pemulihan dengan indikator information sharing. Jika strategi resiliensi diterapkan maka semua aktor sudah siap dan tangguh untuk menghadapinya sesuai fase-fase resiliensi yang meliputi antisipasi, resistensi, serta respon dan pemulihannya.

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) is a potential type of non-timber forest product (NTFP) with high oil yield which is useful as an alternative renewable energy sources and herbal medicine-cosmetics. Result of population selection level in Java Island have been used to build Provenan Seed Stand (PSS) nyamplung in KHDTK Wonogiri (Central Java) as an improved seed source with high oil yield and fruit productivity. Seed become nyamplung part that is used as oil raw material which is strongly influenced by flowering and fruiting period. Information on flowering fruiting ability and period is needed to support the availability of raw materials in a sustainable supply for the nyamplung oil industry. Seed become nyamplung part that is used as oil raw material which is strongly influenced by flowering and fruiting period. Information on flowering fruiting ability and period is needed to support the availability of raw materials in a sustainable supply for the nyamplung oil industry. Observation of flowering and fruiting period focused on 465 individual trees in nyamplung PSS at KHDTK Wonogiri through monthly monitoring by calculated flowering fruiting individual tree during 5 years (2014-2018). The results showed that the flowering period of nyamplung in TBP Wonogiri varied during 2014-2018. Flowering and fruiting occurs almost throughout the year. However, the peak of flowering and fruiting occurs mostly in March-August (end of the rainy season to the middle of dry season). In general, the trend of flowering and fertilization increased in 2014-2016, then decreased in 2017-2018, which is thought to be influenced by the higher canopy density. The environmental factor that most influences flowering is number of rainy days, while fertilization of TBP was strongly influenced by temperature. The management of TBP require future action such: second thinning, top pruning, application of fertilizers and hormones to stimulate flowering, and further detailed observations of flowering fruiting stage and its interaction with microclimate.

Life environment education gains the main priority for formal education. For school stakeholders, this condition should be responded to immediately. Schools have to struggle to improve their learners’ environmental awareness. This research describes and analyzes the Living Environmental education policy, its integration to a geographic lesson, and learners’ environmental awareness behaviors of Senior High Schools in Brebes. This research is qualitative. The data were collected by interviewing, observing, and studying the document. The applied data analysis stages were data reduction, display, and conclusion. The findings showed that 1) the Living Environmental education policy was determined by the school since there were no obligated rules from the government. 2) Living Environmental education integration had been promoted well in a geography lesson. It was realized into learning instrument administration and the learning process. This life environment education could be integrated into almost all basic competencies of all geographic materials. 3) learners were aware of a better living environment. They were aware and could understand the problems and negative impacts. In addition to these, learners also acted and were committed to keeping their life environment.

Waste produced by sugar factories will affect the quality of water in the surrounding environment. The manufacture and characterization of sensors to optimize the detection of water contaminated by sugar mill effluents in waterways around sugar mills has been carried out. This study aims to create and characterize resistance sensors as an alternative tool to distinguish water polluted from sugar factory wastewater and clean water from sugar mill waste. The method used in this study is the Arduino UNO-based water resistance sensor method which is carried out in three stages, the first is the preparation of tools and materials, the second is data retrieval, and the third is data processing. This study uses a water resistance sensor, Arduino UNO as a controller, and also equipped with LED indicators. The results showed that the Arduino UNO-based water resistance sensor can be used as a tool to distinguish water contaminated by sugar mill waste and clean water from sugar mill waste.

Proses produksi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap yang menggunakan batubara sebagai sumber energi pembakarannya, menghasilkan limbah berupa fly ash dan buttom ash yang tergolong Bahan Beracun dan Berbahaya (B3). Apabila limbah batubara tidak dikelola dengan baik, akan menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. PT Petrokimia Gresik memiliki pembangkit listrik dengan dua unit boiler yang menggunakan batubara sebagai sumber energi pembakaran, dengan kapasitas 32 megawatt. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah fly ash batubara yang dihasilkan dari Utilitas Batubara (UBB) yang berjumlah 20 ton per hari. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data limbah fly ash batubara dan data kebutuhan koagulan yang berasal dari data produksi. Dengan menggunakan metode reverse logistics, fly ash batubara didaur ulang menjadi koagulan padat untuk dijadikan bahan masukan di unit effluent treatment yang kemudian dapat menghasilkan air bersih untuk diproses menjadi air demin sebagai Boiler Feed Water di UBB. Fly ash dijadikan koagulan dengan cara mereaksikannya menggunakan Asam sulfat (H2SO4). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Rasio pen­campuran optimum antara fly ash kadar Al2O3 sebesar 20,56% dengan H2SO4 1:1 dalam pembuatan koagulan didapatkan rasio 1:2. Dosis optimum pemakaian koagulan dalam penelitian ini pada air limbah di TK 6616 (neutralis water) yaitu sebesar 0,5 g/L (500 ppm) dengan penurunan turbiditas sebesar 98,68% dan penurunan TSS sebesar 97,41%. Kemudian, koagulan hasil pengelolaan dijadikan bahan masukkan di unit effluent treatment PT Petrokimia Gresik, sehingga dapat membentuk sistem closed loop pada aliran proses produksi. Potensi keuntungan dari penerapan hasil penelitian ini sebesar Rp 49.394.250 per hari.

Reliable data on CO2 quantification is increasingly important to quantify the climate benefits of forest landscape restoration and international commitments, such as the Warsaw REDD+ Framework and Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement. Calophyllum inophyllum L. (nyamplung as a local name or tamanu tree for the commercial name) is an increasingly popular tree species in forest landscape restoration and bioenergy production for a variety of reasons. In this paper, we present allometric equations for aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass (BGB), and total above- and belowground biomass (TABGB) predictions of C. inophyllum L. Data collection was carried out twice (2017 and 2021) from 40 trees in Java, Indonesia. Allometric equations using the natural logarithm of diameter at breast height (lnDBH) and ln height (lnH) for biomass prediction qualified the model’s fit with statistical significance at 95% of the confidence interval for AGB, BGB, and TABGB predictions. The results showed that the linear models using both lnDBH and lnH were well fit and accurate. However, the model with lnDBH is more precise than the model using lnH. Using lnDBH as a predictor, the R2 values were 0.923, 0.945, and 0.932, and MAPE were 24.7, 37.0, and 25.8 for AGB, BGB, and TABGB, respectively. Using lnH as a predictor, the R2 values were 0.887, 0.918, and 0.898 and MAPE were 37.4, 49.0, and 39.8 for AGB, BGB, and TABGB, respectively. Consequently, the driven allometric equations can help accurate biomass quantification for carbon-trading schemes of C. inophyllum L.

Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre is a fast-growing, leguminous and multipurpose tree species. It grows on degraded and marginal land in South and Southeast Asia. It produces nonedible seeds the oil of which is a potential biofuel. In Indonesia, Pongamia is widely found on all islands but mostly to the west of the Wallace line, such as Banten, East Java, South Sumatra, and West Java provinces. The economic feasibility of Pongamia depends on the number of seed per tree and the oil content of the seed. Studies on Pongamia oil in Indonesia revealed that trees grown in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten Province, produce seed with a higher oil content (i.e., 15.59%) than those in the provinces of East and West Java using simple mechanical expeller press. In this study the oil content of 48 individual trees, from Ujung Kulon National Park, were analyzed using a solvent extraction method. As a control, bulk seed was extracted using two different methods: 1) fabricant mechanical screw expeller press and 2) solvent extraction. The results show highly significant or great variation in the oil content of the trees. Oil production of individual trees processed using the solvent extraction method reached 44% (varies from 26.61% to 44.68%) than those by mechanical pressing method with bulk seed was only 15 to 19%. The findings show that genetic factors, extraction machines and the method of extraction could all influence the production of Pongamia oil. The quality and genetic diversity of seed source is also very important on industrial plantation forest program for bioenergy and land restoration in Indonesia.

Kemajuan teknologi dan komunikasi dapat menjadi pendorong setiap individu dalam membangun sebuah bisnis. Pada saat ini mulai bermunculan wirausaha muda yang ada di Indonesia. Dalam membangun sebuah bisnis diperlukan strategi Marketing. Ada beberapa media yang dapat digunakan sebagai sarana kegiatan Marketing. Sosial media dan Marketplace merupakan dua jenis E-Marketing yang dapat digunakan oleh perusahaan. Strategi Marketing yang diterapkan oleh setiap pemilik bisnis tentu berbeda-beda. Sehingga maksud dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemahaman dan pemanfaatan EMarketing pada remaja khususnya pelajar di SMA dan SMK Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan instrumen pengumpulan data kuesioner. Pengolahan data pada penelitian ini melalui beberapa proses yaitu normalisasi data, scoring, hingga tabulation. Setelah dilakukan penelitian, didapatkan hasil bahwa pelajar SMA dan SMK di Kota Malang telah memahami E-Marketing. Sosial media yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Instagram dengan persentase 82%, sedangkan Marketplace yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Shopee dengan persentase 61%. 51% pelajar SMA dan SMK di Kota Malang masih belum mempunyai bentuk kewirausahaan sehingga belum mampu memanfaatkan media E-Marketing secara maksimal.

The purpose of this research is to utilized and provide added value from dregs seed of nyamplung solid waste through composting process using several starters, and findout the compost chemical character. The research was design as randomized complete (CRD) with 4 types of starters as treatments (biostarter of cattle rumen contents, Prouponic Gb # 1, EM4, Primadec C-15) each with 3 replications. Analysis of 7 chemical properties parameters carried out on nyamplung dregs seed before and after the treatment included: pH, DHL, organic C, total N, C / N ratio, Total P, and total K by comparing to SNI No.19- 7030-2004. The results showed that DHL, C / N ratio, total N, P, and total K of dregs seed compost fulfilled the SNI. The type of starter treatments significantly affected the quality of nyamplung dregs seed compost (DHL, total N, P, and K levels). Types of starters showing the best results were Prouponic Gb # 1 and EM4 compared to other biostarters. Therefore, Prouponic Gb # 1 and EM4 were reccomended to be applied to process nyamplung dregs seed waste into high quality compost. Keywords: biostarter, dregs seed, compost, solid waste , nyamplung

Semakin banyak masyarakat yang menggunakan pelayanan Dispenduk Capil Gresik, maka pelayanan Dispenduk Capil Gresik harus berkualitas dikarenakan kegiatan pelayanan merupakan ujung tombak dari kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dalam sebuah pusat pelayanan publik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas pelayanan dan memberikan saran prioritas perbaikan di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gresik. Dalam penelitian ini kualitas pelayanan diukur dengan menggunakan metode Service Quality (Servqual) dan metode Improvement Gap Analysis (IGA). Berdasarkan pengolahan dan analisa data per kriteria dapat diketahui bahwa tingkat kualitas pelayanan Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Gresik secara keseluruhan memiliki nilai negatif. Sehingga masyarakat belum puas terhadap pelayanan jasa yang diberikan

CV.Citra Buana Mandiri merupakan perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak di bidang vulkanisir ban. Pada divisi produksi CV. Citra Buana Mandiri masih belum optimal dalam mengelola operasional produksinya dikarenakan masih banyak terjadi reject pada hasil produksi ,jeleknya kualitas bahan baku, pekerjaan yang tidak sesuai dengan SOP, dan masih ada kegiatan operasional lain yang terdapat kesalahan dalam pelaksanaannya. Dari permasalahan tersebut dilakukan analisis penyebabnya, kemungkinan risiko yang terjadi, dan solusi untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut. Dalam menentukan variabel proses bisnis, Entitiy, jenis risiko, penyebab risiko, dan penanganan risiko awal dengan cara studi lapangan dan juga brainstorming dengan pihak manajemen perusahaan. Dengan metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) hasil mode dan effect dibuat kuisioner yang bertujuan untuk memberikan penilaian terhadap risiko, kemudian hasilnya diolah untuk mengetahui Risk Priority Number (RPN) dan risiko kritis yang ada pada divisi produksi. Kemudian dari risiko kritis dicari akar permasalahannya dengan menggunakan metode Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Dari hasil FMEA dan FTA diketahui bahwa terdapat 3 entitiy yang memiliki nilai RPN di atas nilai kritis diantaranya risiko dalam Pengelolaan fasilitas dengan 12 basic event, risiko pada kinerja karyawan dengan 9 basic event dan risiko pada proses produksi dengan 16 basic event. Risk treatment Usulan untuk risiko pada entitiy dengan risiko kritis adalah dengan cara mengurangi kemungkinan risiko dan menghindari risiko,untuk Risk response planning pihak manajemen dapat mengambil kebijakan membentuk kepala bagian dalam setiap kegiatan yang menunjang kegiatan divisi produksi, dengan tujuan mempermudah tugas mengelola dan merawat fasilitas, pengawasan kinerja karyawan dan memastikan kualitas hasil produksi

Indonesia has 14 million ha of degraded and marginal land, which provides very few benefits for human wellbeing or biodiversity. This degraded land may require restoration. The leguminous tree Pongamia pinnata syn. Milettia pinnata (pongamia) has potential for producing biofuel while simultaneously restoring degraded land. However, there is limited information on this potential for consideration. This paper aims to address the scientific knowledge gap on pongamia by exploring its potential as a biofuel and for restoring degraded land in Indonesia. We applied a literature review to collect relevant information of pongamia, which we analyzed through narrative qualitative and narrative comparative methods with careful compilation and scientific interpretation of retrieved information. The review revealed that pongamia occurs naturally across Indonesia, in Sumatra, Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. It can grow to a height of 15–20 m and thrive in a range of harsh environmental conditions. Its seeds can generate up to 40% crude pongamia oil by weight. It is a nitrogen-fixing tree that can help restore degraded land and improve soil properties. Pongamia also provides wood, fodder, medicine, fertilizer and biogas. As a multipurpose species, pongamia holds great potential for combating Indonesia’s energy demand and restoring much of the degraded land. However, the potential competition for land and for raw material with other biomass uses must be carefully managed.

Naval base as one of the integral components of the SSAT is the spearhead of power in carrying out support for the tasks of the operating units both in peacetime and during war. In carrying out its duties the Navy has an Integrated Fleet Weapon System (SSAT) which is the integration of strength of the capabilities of the KRI, Aircraft, Marines and Naval base components. To find out the professional level of the soldier, it is necessary to hold a Test of Combat Naval Base Task Force in order to realize, maintain and improve the skills of both individuals and groups, which in turn will increase the establishment of Operational Command and Control, Operational Procedures and the establishment of mastery of appropriate techniques and tactics. With the implementation of the test, it is expected to know about Naval Base Combat Readiness, a condition where the base can carry out its main tasks. Combat Duty Rehearsal is an exercise carried out by KRI or base to maintain the ability and professionalism of soldiers both programmed and programmed. This study aims to determine whether the relationship of human resource readiness influences the professional abilities of the Naval Base on west coast.

The purpose of this research is to find out how much influence the mobile logistics support by KRI BCM Type which includes fuel, fresh water and food support so that the presence in the sea of operational elements can be increased so that the operations carried out can be carried out more effectively and efficiently. The extent of the operation area is not balanced with the implementing elements and the existence of government policies related to B20 diesel fuel results in limited amounts of fuel in this area because the KRI elements who carry out the operation still use B0 (diesel) fuel. The distribution of logistical support from the front base to operational elements is still constrained by time, because most fuel logistical support is obtained through Pertamina tankers. Therefore, it is important for BCM elements to be held in selective operational areas so that the operational sustainability of the elements can be carried out more effectively and efficiently. The BCM element has the ability to provide logistical support, both in the form of liquid logistics support and personnel logistics support. This study uses a quantitative method carried out at the Fleet Command II with the object of research being KRI BCM Type and the subjects are crews of KRI BCM Type, Commanding Officers and Work Unit related to the implementation of KRI logistical support. Data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires were then analyzed using the Statistical Product dan Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25 program.

The main purpose of this study is to develop a sustainable healthcare supply chain performance measurement (SHSCPM) model, which simultaneously considers intangible characteristics and sustainability aspects to ensure customer and/or stakeholder satisfaction. This model combines a balanced scorecard (BSC) with a decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and analytical network process (ANP). After the arrangement and classification of perspectives and indicators from a literature review, the strategy map of the BSC is designed with DEMATEL. Furthermore, this study used a survey with in-depth interviews of seven expert respondents to make a pair-wise comparison between perspectives and indicators in order to determine the weights of indicators, perspectives, and sustainability aspects on ANP. The study finds the following. First, the innovation and learning perspective that reflects intangible assets has the most influence on the others but is not important, while the customer perspective has the most importance for SHSC performance. Second, the economic aspect has the greatest weight, followed by social and environmental aspects. Finally, indicators of the financial and customer perspectives as drivers of SHSC performance consist of profit, quality of service, revenue, customer satisfaction, and stakeholder satisfaction. Further, indicators of the economic aspect of sustainability have the most effect on SHSC performance, followed by social and environmental aspects. Furthermore, human resources, as an intangible asset and key factor in social aspects, are main factor in improving SHSC performance.

PT. Ravana Jaya merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang general contractor. Perusahaan yang menerapkan system make to order ini memproduksi berbagai macam olahan baja. Dalam menjalankan aktivitas rantai pasoknya, PT. Ravana Jaya sering mengalami masalah. Pada proses pengadaan, perusahaan ini sering mengalami keterlambatan raw material sehingga berpengaruh pada pada keterlambatan penyelesaian order sesuai dengan jadwal yang telah ditentukan. Selain itu juga belum adanya indikator-indikator penilaian kinerja rantai pasok yang disajikan dalam Key Performance Indicator (KPI) di PT. Ravana Jaya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk merancang system pengukuran kinerja supply chain menggunakan Supply Chain Opertion References (SCOR). Dalam penelitian ini dibahas mengenai pengukuran kinerja supply chain menggunakan Supply Chain Operation Referece (SCOR). Pengukuran dilakukan berdasarkan 5 proses inti (plan, source, make, deliver, dan return), dan beberapa dimensi (reliability,responsiveness, flexibility, coet, dan Asset). Beberapa dimensi tersebut akan didekomposisi dalam beberapa Key Performance Indikator (KPI). Selain itu juga dilakukan pembobotan tiap proses inti, dimensi dan KPI dengan menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process. Sedangakan normalisasi snorm de bour digunakanuntuk menyamakan nilai KPI. Pengukuran kinerja supply chain di PT. Ravana Jaya ini diperoleh 24 KPI. Pegukuran kinerja dilakukan pada project yang ditangani PT. Ravana Jaya pada tahun 2018 dengan total 4 project. Adapun nilai kinerja supply chain perusahaan di tahun 2018 pada project 1 adalah 61,91 (average), project 2 sebesar 61,21 (average), project 3 sebesar 54,09 (average), dan pada project 4 sebesar 75,62 (good)

The Indonesian government has committed to providing its entire population with energy through the National Energy Policy, which highlights the importance of diversification, environmental sustainability, and enhanced deployment of domestic energy resources. The contribution of new and renewable energy (NRE) to the nation’s energy supply is mandated to reach 23% by 2025, with bioenergy an important NRE alternative. If developed and deployed appropriately, bioenergy plantations have potential to restore degraded land and enhance biodiversity and environmental services while supporting rural livelihoods. As a potential biofuel tree species suited to the tropics, Calophyllum inophyllum (nyamplung) is being tested across wide-ranging degraded forest conditions in Indonesia. Nyamplung is a potential biodiesel alternative as it grows well in harsh environmental conditions, produces non-edible seed oil, has high amounts of kernel oil and fruits profusely. Here we report growth performance in a plantation trial plot established in February 2018, on previously burned land in Mulawarman University’s Bukit Soeharto Research and Educational Forest. Growth of this two-year-old plantation is strong compared to other Indonesian sites, with average survival rate above 90% on Ultisol soil, which is classified as low fertility and acidic. The findings reveal that different doses of fertilizer applications and slope gradient have no significant effects on growth performance. In addition, trees have already started to flower and fruit, and are colonized by bird species and insects, including bees and butterflies. The study indicates that nyamplung adapts well to different land and soil types. Bioenergy plantations on degraded land are a promising approach for land restoration, and enhance native biodiversity and environmental services while providing a source of renewable energy.

Seed vigor testing become important component of seed analysis as seed vigor affects the ability of seeds to growth and to reach normal productivity in sub optimum conditions. This research aimed to determine the growth strenght vigor and the storability vigor of the Acacia crassicarpa A.Cunn.Ex Benth seeds from five seeds sources. The experimental was designed using completely randomized factorial design with 4 replication. Each replication consisted of 100 seeds. The results showed that seeds from seedling seed orchards (sso) had better vigor than seeds from production area. Growth strength vigor of sso's seeds increased germination rate by 11% and speed germination by 0,8% per etmal. Storability vigor of sso's seeds increased germination rate by 12% and speed germination by 0,84% per etmal. Keywords: Acacia crassicarpa, seed, seed source and vigor. ABSTRAK Pengujian vigor benih menjadi komponen penting dari analisis benih karena vigor benih mempengaruhi kemampuan benih untuk tumbuh dan berproduksi normal pada kondisi sub optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui vigor kekuatan tumbuh relatif dan vigor daya simpan relatif pada benih Acacia crassicarpa A.Cunn.Ex Benth dari 5 sumber benih. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan ulangan 4 kali, setiap ulangan terdiri dari 100 benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih A. crassicarpa yang berasal dari sumber benih kebun benih semai (KBS) memiliki vigor yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan benih dari areal produksi benih (APB). Vigor kekuatan tumbuh benih KBS memiliki peningkatan daya berkecambah sebesar 11% dan t kecepatan berkecambah sebesar 0,8% per etmal. Vigor daya simpan benih dari KBS memiliki peningkatan daya berkecambah sebesar 12% dan kecepatan berkecambah sebesar 0,84% per etmal. Kata kunci: Acacia crassicarpa, benih, vigor dan sumber benih

The problem of this research is the development of pawning institution. It seems slowly developedand hardly to complete with other pawning institutions. Therefore, some factors causing this problem need tobe understood. Against this problem, the author feels necessary to examine some factors with important effecton Syariah pawning, such as differentiation, organizational culture, and innovation. Research type is explanatoryresearch, in which it explains the causal relationship between research variables through hypothesis testing.Population of research is manager with authority of strategic decision making in the syariah pawning institutionin Malang City. Sample is taken by census technique. Furthermore the data will be subjected to MultipleRegression Analysis. Result of research indicates that Differentiation, Organizational Culture, and Innovationinfluence sustainable competitive advantage. It may be concluded that higher level of Differentiation,Organizational Culture, and Innovation in the pawning institution can produce higher sustainable competitiveadvantage for pawning institutions in Malang.

Fertilizer is the most important thing in terms of caring for plant growth. This was identified because fertilizer has nutrient mineral elements which are really needed by the plants themselves. Fertilizer itself is divided into organic and inorganic fertilizers. Still related to the type of fertilizer itself, in order to get plants with good quality and cultivation, the fertilizer given must be balanced because it is in line with the contents that exist in each type of fertilizer. Inorganic fertilizer or better known as chemical fertilizer is more popular with many people because of its practicality, but it should be remembered that excessive use of chemical fertilizers also have a negative impact on soil fertility. Therefore organic fertilizer still plays a role in the field of inorganic fertilizer in order to offset the need for soil itself. Understanding the importance of a balance between organic and inorganic fertilizers, the community service conducted by providing training in making Guano fertilizer at SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Morowudi Gresik was chosen to be applied. Guano fertilizer was chosen as an alternative to the addition of a companion formula rather than inorganic fertilizer because of its content which is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, postasium which is needed by plants. Efforts to provide training to students of SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Morowudi Gresik are also expected to be able to boost cooperation than the students themselves in developing their potential to contribute to the community and schools

Industri jasa menyerap tenaga kerja dan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sektor jasa di Jawa Timur yang mempunyai kontribusi tinggi dalam PDRB 2019: pariwisata, akomodasi dan makanan minuman; jasa perusahaan serta kesehatan dan sosial. Implementasi supply chain (SC) dan pengukuran kinerja diyakini dapat digunakan untuk menjaga keberlanjutan pertumbuhan industri jasa. Industri jasa yang menerapkan SC dituntut stakeholder untuk berpihak pada masyarakat dan kelestarian lingkungan. Pada sisi lain, sektor jasa dipengaruhi oleh karakter intangibility dalam operasionalnya. Dari fenomena ini, konsep pengukuran kinerja sustainable service SC (SSSC) yang yang memperhatikan aspek ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan serta karakter intangibility secara simultan dapat diimplementasikan guna menjaga eksistensi dan kontribusi sektor jasa di Jawa Timur. Perancangan kerangka kerja konseptual untuk pengukuran kinerja SSSC di Provinsi Jawa Timur dapat mengadopsi model pengukuran kinerja BSC yang diintegrasikan dengan DEMATEL, dimana BSC digunakan sebagai model utama dalam mengukur kinerja, sedangkan DEMATEL merancang peta strategi dalam BSC. Dari kajian literatur diketahui bahwa finansial, pelanggan, operasional, informasi serta inovasi dan pembelajaran merupakan perspektif kinerja yang sering digunakan dalam pengukuran kinerja service SC sehingga dapat diadopsi. Perspektif informasi dan perspektif inovasi dan pembelajaran merupakan perspektif yang dapat menaungi indikator kinerja yang bersifat intangibility yang berorientasi pada sumberdaya manusia. Indikator aspek lingkungan yang dapat diadopsi: konsumsi energy dan air, pengelolaan limbah, konservasi alam, emisi CO2, konsep reduce, reuse dan recycle, green service dan material ramah lingkungan. Perspektif inovasi dan pertumbuhan merupakan perspektif yang paling berpengaruh karena mempengaruhi capaian kinerja dari semua perspektif. Sedangkan perspektif pelanggan merupakan perspektif terpenting karena semua perspekktif diarahkan untuk perspektif pelanggan

Drinking water which contain high concentration of fluoride can be harmful to teeth and bones. Clay was cleaned from its impurities then treated for 30 minutes at 700 oC and dissolved in HCl solution for 60 minutes. This research focused on the search for process conditions for absorbing fluoride dissolved in water bodies using local material-based adsorption methods using activated clay. The batch sorption experiment was carried out in 50 ml stirred glass contained 12.17 mg/L fluoride solution at operation temperature 25 oC, 35 oC and 45 oC, pH of 4, with 0.75 gr, 1 gr, and 1.25 gr of adsorbent weight. The solution samples were analysed by using visible spectrophotometer at 570 nm of the wavelength. From this research, the equilibrium reached in 60 minutes with 1.25 gr of adsorbent weight at operation temperature 45 oC with maximum 78% fluoride adsorbed. The isotherm models of fluoride removal mechanism fitted well of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and followed the pseudo second-order kinetics model.

Desa Wotansari merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Balong Panggang dengan memiliki tiga dusun, yaitu Dusun Wotansari,Dusun Sokoguru,Dusun Wotansari. Pelaksanaan pengabdian selama 13 minggu dari bulan 26 Juli 2019 sampai 27 Oktober 2019.Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini agar masyarakat lebih mudah mencari letak RT dan rumah perangkat Desa Wotansari.Pemanfaatan ini dapat langsung digunakan sebagai petunjuk masyarakat desa dan masyarakat luar desa untuk mencari rumah perangkat Desa Wotansari. Dimana yang pertama dilakukan adalah survei lokasi RT dan mendata daftar perangkat desa. Untuk metode pengenalan papan nama secara langsung yaitu memberikan informasi mengenai pemasangan papan nama RT dan perangkat desa kepada masyarakat secara langsung. Metodelogi desain yang digunakan dalam pembuatan petunjuk ini adalah metodelogi desain komunikasi visual dengan menggunakan sumber daya manusia dan bahan dari Balong panggang atau daerah terdekat yang sudah memilki kemampuan untuk membuat petunjuk arah yang sesuai dengan desainnya.

Indonesia has a large area of degraded land, i.e. 30 million ha, which could potentially be utilized for biofuel plantations. The leguminous tree pongamia (Pongamia pinnata syn. Milettia pinnata) could be utilized to produce biofuel while restoring degraded land. Here, we explore the potential of pongamia as a source of biofuel and for restoring degraded land in Indonesia. Pongamia occurs across Indonesia, in Sumatra, Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara and Maluku. It grows to a height of 15–20 m and can grow in a range of environmental conditions. Its seeds can generate up to 40% crude oil by weight. It can help to restore degraded land and improve soil properties. Pongamia also provides wood, fodder, medicine, fertilizer and biogas. Therefore, as a multipurpose species, pongamia holds great potential to combat Indonesia’s energy crisis and to restore much of the degraded land.

This study spatially estimated degraded lands in Indonesia that have limited functions for food production, carbon storage, and conservation of biodiversity and native vegetation and examined their suitability to grow biodiesel species (Calophyllum inophyllum, Pongamia pinnata, and Reutealis trisperma) and biomass species (Calliandra calothyrsus and Gliricidia sepium). Results showed ~3.5 million ha of degraded lands potentially suitable for these species in Indonesia. With the all-five-species scenario, these lands had the potential to produce 1105 PJ year&minus, 1 of biomass and 3 PJ year&minus, 1 of biodiesel. With the biodiesel-only-species scenario, these lands showed the potential to produce 10 PJ year&minus, 1 of biodiesel. Despite this energy potential, however, the land sizes were too small to support economies of scale for biofuel production. The study findings contribute to identifying lands with limited functions, modeling the growth of biofuel species on regional lands, and estimating carbon stocks of restored degraded lands in Indonesia.

Buah tengkawang merupakan salah satu hasil hutan bukan kayu bernilai tinggi dan merupakan salah satu komoditi eksporsebagai bahan baku lemak nabati, industri kosmetik, dan substitusi lemak coklat. Indonesia memiliki sekitar 13 spesies pohon penghasil tengkawang yang tersebar di Kalimantan dan sebagian kecil di Sumatera, namun sebagian besar telah masuk dalam kategori terancam punah. Untuk tindakan konservasi dan meningkatkan kandungan lemak nabati tengkawang, perlu diketahui potensi kandungan lemak dan sifat fisiko kimia dari setiap spesies dan provenan. Buah tengkawang dikoleksi pada saat musim panen raya spesies shorea penghasil tengkawang pada tahun 2010 di Kalimantan dan Jawa. Analisis kandungan lemak nabati tengkawang dilakukan terhadap empat spesies shorea penghasil tengkawang (S. macrophylla, S. gysbertsiana, S. stenoptera, S. pinanga) yang berasal dari empat provenans dan ras lahan (Gunung Bunga dan Sungai Runtin-Kalimantan Barat, Bukit Baka-Kalimantan Tengah, Haurbentes-Jawa Barat). Sebelas kombinasi spesies-provenan diambil sampel buahnya untuk diekstrasi guna mengetahui kandungan lemak dan sifat fisiko kimia tengkawang (kadar air, bilangan asam, dan kadar asam lemak bebas). Terdapat keragaman yang tinggi di antara kombinasi spesiesprovenans tengkawang untuk empat parameter yang diuji, termasuk kandungan lemak dan kadar air biji tengkawang. Kandungan lemak tertinggi dengan kadar air terendah dihasilkan oleh S. stenoptera dari Haurbentes (Jabar) dan S. pinanga dari Bukit Baka (Kalimantan Tengah). Kedua kombinasi spesies-provenan tersebut direkomendasikan sebagai materi genetik untuk dikembangkan dalam program konservasi eks-situ dan program pemuliaan tanaman hutan dalam pembangunan sumber benih unggul pada kondisi lingkungan yang hampir sama dengan kedua provenans dan ras lahan tersebut. Variation in Illipe Nut's Fat Yield of Tengkawang-producing Shorea from Several Provenances and Land Races Abstract Illip (tengkawang) nut is a non-wood forest product which has a high economic value and one of export commodities as raw material for illipe nut's fat, cosmetics, and substitution of chocolate fat. Indonesia has 13 species of tengkawang-producing shorea distributed in Kalimantan and some small parts of Sumatra. Most of them are categorized as threatened species. To conserve and improve the species for illip nut's fat, it is important to assess the potential of fat yield and physical-chemical properties for each species and provenance. Fruit collection was conducted during fruit season in Kalimantan and Java in 2010. The fruits were collected from four species of tengkawangproducing shorea (i.e. S.macrophylla, S. gysbertsiana, S. stenoptera, S. pinanga) originated from 4 provenances and land races (Gunung BungaWest Kalimantan, Sungai Runtin-West Kalimantan, Bukit Baka-Central Kalimantan, and Haurbentes-West Java). Fruit samples from eleven combinations of species-provenances were extracted to assess fat yield and physical-chemical properties (i.e. moisture content, acid number and free fatty acid). Variation between species-provenances combination was high for all parameters tested, including the illipe nut's fat yield and moisture content. The highest fat yield with lowest moisture content was found in S. stenoptera from Haurbentes (West Java) and S. pinanga from Bukit Baka (Central Kalimantan). Both species-provenance combinations are recommended as genetic material to be developed in the program of ex-situ conservation as well as tree improvement program for the establishment of best seed sources in the same environment condition as the respected provenances.

Indonesia has approximately 16.8 Mha of degraded lands. These lands have the potential to grow biofuel species to meet the need for energy security, income generation and land restoration. As a promising species Calophyllum inophyllum is suitable to grow in 5.7 Mha of degraded land in Indonesia and could contribute to green energy production and restoration of these degraded lands. During the growing stage, this species can grow up to 1 m in height per year and tolerates to harsh environmental conditions. Its seed provides high levels of non-edible oil, thus making it ideal for biodiesel production. In addition, during the biodiesel production process, its waste and by-products can be used as a raw material in pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries, and as a compost for soil enrichment. Growing various cash crops with Calophyllum inophyllum as agroforestry can provide extra income to farmers, thus create added value of Calophyllum inophyllum cultivation.

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is a potential tree for renewable world energy resources, producing future generation biofuel plants. Propagation technique is required for large scale plantation with highest oil yield of nyamplung. In this study, tissue culture techniques were used for evaluated the optimized nyamplung growth hormone. Shoots rejuvenation were used as explant in MS media enriched with NAA 0.5 mgL−1, 1 mgL−1; 1.5 mgL−1; BAP 1 mgL−1, 2 mgL−1 and 3 mgL−1 and Kinetin 0.15 mgL−1. Shoot and root were induced on the all media used after 10 months incubation. The highest shoot elongation was MS media enriched with 0.5 mgL−1 NAA, 1 mgL−1 BAP and 0.15 mgL−1 Kinetin (10.54 ± 1.98 cm) and the highest root elongation was also in this media (4.65 ± 0.68 cm). Although all the explants rooted after 3 months, in this same media induced a faster root differentiation than the other treatments. NAA concentration higher than 0.5 mgL−1 had no effect on the sprouting process. BAP concentration higher than 3 mgL−1 inhibited callus inductions. The low rates of mortality of rooted plantlets were observed in acclimatization (98 % plants live and grow well up to 6 months of observation). The best hormone concentration of nyamplung media regeneration was expected the highest multiplication for mass micro propagation.

Eucalyptus pellita seeds have a very small size, so that it needed techniques of seed sorting using sieves to increase quality of the physical and the physiological. This study aims to determine sieve size for sorting seeds of E. pellita so as to maintain viability. E. pellita seeds used in this study comes from seedling seed orchard (KBS) in southern Sumatra, South Kalimantan, and Riau. Seed sorting is done with some sieve size namely 200 µm, 400 µm, and 600 µm. Parameters measured were the purity, weight of 1000 grain seeds, and germination. The results showed that the size of a 600 µm of sieve is appropriate for sorting seeds E.Pellita, because it can result in weight of 1000 grains (0.0362 grams), purity (60.54%) and higher germination percentage (184 sprouts/0.1 grams) than the others.

Penelitian ini mengangkat transforming design dalam produk berbasis kulit sehingga muncul poduk yang mampu bersaing di tingkat internasional. penelitian ini mempunyai tahap awal yaitu melakukan identifikasi faktor potensi Nusantara dan faktor potensi UMKM dari tempat studi kasus yaitu Javalore. Kemudian menggunakan metode pendekatan ATUMICS dilakukan proses transformasi tradition, yang menggabungkan unsur potensi dari Kearifan lokal Nusantara dengan Produk kulit Javalore, kemudian menghasilkan rancangan konsep inovasi produk kulit. Proses sketsa desain, hingga digitalisasi dan pembuatan prototype produk, pada tahap berikutnya akan dilakukan uji tes pasar dan uji kelayakan produk. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif yang berupa reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data Produk dianalisis untuk kemudian mendapat sebuah susunan ideal dari enam elemen dasarnya, yaitu teknik, kegunaan, bahan, ikon, konsep, dan bentuk. Level makro yang akan terkait oleh factor yang luas, yaitu nilai-nilai filosofi dan pemaknaan pada kearifan lokal Nusantara. Adaptasi elemen Kearifan lokal nusantara ke dalam produk kulit Javalore yaitu ke dalam elemen fungsi dan estetika sebagai inovasi produk yang mampu meningkatkan potensi atau daya saing produk. Luaran dari penelitian hasil dari transforming tradition ini merupakan sebuah produk inovasi kulit. Hasil uji pasar menyatakan bahwa produk hasil dari Javalore mampu meningkatkan minat pasar hingga 55% (lima puluh lima persen) dan memperluas segmen pasar dengan menggunakan penggabungan pasar. Penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa konsumen cenderung mempunyai ketertarikan akan produk yang mempunyai preferensi terhadap gender, semakin tinggi tingkat identitas gender pada suatu produk tampak, maka semakin mudah konsumen untuk tertarik. Kata Kunci: transforming tradition , inovasi, ekonomi kreatif. Abstract This Research examine about transformation design in skin-based products so that products can compete at the international level. This research has an initial stage which is to identify the potential factors of the archipelago and the potential factors of MSMEs from the case study place that is Javalore. Then using the ATUMICS approach the traditional transformation process, which combines the potential elements of the local wisdom of the archipelago with Javalore leather products, then produces a draft concept of innovation in leather products. The process of design sketching, to digitizing and making prototype products, in the next stage will be conducted market tests and product feasibility tests. This research method uses descriptive qualitative in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and data verification Product is analyzed to obtain an ideal arrangement of the six basic elements, namely technique, utillity , material, icon, concept, and shape. Macro level is related to broader aspects, namely philosophical values and the meaning of the local wisdom of the archipelago. Adaptation of elements of the local wisdom of the archipelago into Javalore leather products, namely into the functional and aesthetic elements as product innovations that are able to increase the potential or competitiveness of products. The output of the research results from this transforming tradition is a product of skin innovation. Market test results state that products from Javalore can increase market interest by up to 55% (fifty-five percent) and expand market segments by using market mergers. Research also shows that consumers tend to have an interest in products that have a preference for gender, the higher the level of gender identity in a product appears, the easier it is for consumers to be attracted. . Keywords: transforming tradition, innovation, creative economy .

Kombinasi uji spesies-provenan jenis-jenis shorea penghasil tengkawang dibangun pada tahun 2011 di Stasiun Penelitian Meranti di Gunung Dahu, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Evaluasi dilakukan secara periodik setiap enam bulan selama 18 bulan untuk mengetahui kemampuan adaptasi dari jenis dan provenan yang diuji. Materi genetik yang digunakan adalah jenis-jenis shorea penghasil tengkawang ( S. macrophylla, S. gybertsiana, S. stenoptera, S. pinanga) yang berasal dari 4 provenan (Gunung Bunga-Kalimantan Barat, Sungai Runtin-Kalimantan Barat, Bukit Baka-Kalimantan Tengah, dan Haurbentes-Jawa Barat). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Berblok (RCBD) dengan 11 plot, 4 ulangan, 25 pohon per plot (5 x 5 pohon) dan jarak tanam 5 x 5 meter. Sifat yang diukur adalah persen hidup dan tinggi tanaman pada umur 6,12 dan 18 bulan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa persen hidup tidak berbeda nyata, dan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata. Jenis-jenis shorea pengasil tengkawang ( S. macrophylla , S. pinanga dan S. stenoptera ) dari ras lahan Haurbentes (Jawa Barat) menunjukkan pertumbuhan terbaik sampai dengan umur 18 bulan.

The global energy crisis has raises demand for biofuel prices. It has driven the world to enhance environmentally-friendly renewable-energy (biofuel) production. Oil from the seeds of Calophyllum inophyllum (nyamplung) which can be harvested up to 50 years, is one of such potential biofuel source. Methods for biofuel production from nyamplung seeds have been developed at an industrial scale by cooperative in Cilacap (Java) and Energy Self-Sufficient Villages ( Desa Mandiri Energi ) in Banyuwangi, Purworejo, Kebumen, Ujung Kulon (Java) and Selayar (South Sulawesi). However, there is only a limited-information available on biofuel potential, in term of productivity and quality, from nyamplung populations. This paper reports the variations in biofuel potential among 12 populations in Indonesia (6 from Java, 6 outside Java). The oil was extracted using a combination of vertical hot press (VHP) and screw press expeller (SPE) methods, followed by degumming to make refined oil, and esterification-transesterification to turn it into biodiesel. The result show great variation of biofuel content among the population. Oil production percentage varies from 37-48.5% (VHP) and 50-58% (SPE) crude oil, 36-48% (VHP) and 40-53% (SPE) refined oil, and 1733% (SPE) for biodiesel. Seed resin content is responsible for most of the variation after degumming. DNA analysis shows genetic variation among populations ranges from intermediate within Java to high ouside Java and is intermediate within populations. Information about biofuel content and potential of populations and genetic variation between and within population are important factors for establishment of geneticallyimproved seed-sources for biofuel production from nyamplung.

Seeds with high vigour are seeds that can germinate normally in sub-optimum conditions and above normal in optimum condition. To predict the performance of seedlings after planting and the storability of seeds, it is necessary to test the seed vigour. This study aims to investigate the growth and storage vigour of Acacia mangium breeding and unbreeding seeds. The experiment design was arranged in completely randomized design with each treatment being replicated four times with 100 seeds. Results obtained showed that breeding seeds had better growth and storage vigour.

The objective of this paper proposes strategy for development of post-mining area at sub-district Pongkor gold mining, Bogor, West Java. The strategy of development designed using DEMATEL and ANP. The DEMATEL used to determine of important and influence level, then ANP used to determine potency weighted for development strategy. From the DEMATEL, 5 (five) potency from 8 (eight) is feasible to develop while post-mining of Pongkor gold mining, namely: training and education area, tourism of underground mine, natural & culture tourism, conservation area, and sports facilities. The development priority can determine based on weight of potency by ANP. Based on rank of weight by ANP, potencies for development are training and education area, tourism of underground mine, natural & culture tourism and conservation area.

Metoda ekstraksi benih akan mempengaruhi mutu fisik dan fisiologis benih yang dihasilkan. Selain itu, mutu fisik dan fisiologis benih juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor ukuran benih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh metoda ekstraksi dan ukuran benih terhadap mutu fisik-fisiologis benih hasil pemuliaan dan yang belum dimuliakan untuk jenis A. crassicarpa . Ekstraksi benih dilakukan dengan cara pengeringan, yaitu dengan penjemuran di bawah sinar matahari dan menggunakan alat pengeringan ( seed drier ). Pengeringan dengan cara penjemuran di bawah sinar matahari dilakukan selama 1 s/d 5 hari dan dengan cara seed drier dilakukan selama 1 s/d 5 jam. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Acak Lengkap. Sedangkan untuk mendapatkan klasifikasi ukuran benih A. crassicarpa berdasarkan dimensi benih (panjang, lebar, dan tebal) digunakan ayakan/mesh, dan klasifikasi berdasarkan berat digunakan alat Seed gravity Table . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metoda ekstraksi dan ukuran benih yang terbaik untuk benih hasil pemuliaan dan yang belum dimuliakan, yaitu : (1) Ekstraksi benih dengan cara pengeringan seed drier selama 4 jam atau dengan cara penjemuran sinar matahari selama 3 hari dan (2) Benih yang berukuran besar dan paling berat memiliki viabilitas lebih baik dibandingkan dengan benih berukuran sedang, kecil dan ringan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa benih hasil pemuliaan dapat menghasilkan mutu fisik fisiologis yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan yang belum dimuliakan.