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Individual self-feeding was used to determine toxic levels and symptoms of toxicity of three different arsenicals in sheep. Practical Corn Belt growing-fattening rations made up of 50 percent alfalfa hay, 45 percent corn, and 5 percent soybean meal were used.Potassium arsenite, arsanilic acid and 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid were used to supply equal amounts of arsenic at levels of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 percent of the total ration based on the 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid. 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid rations seemed the most palatable, especially at the higher levels, and the potassium arsenite rations were consumed in the least amounts.Lambs on the 0.2 and 0.4 percent arsanilic acid rations became convulsive in Experiment 1 and the ewe on the 0.4 percent ration in Experiment 2 died before the test ended.The levels of arsenicals fed in these experiments did not affect the prothrombin time. However, pathological changes in the livers and kidneys decreased red blood cell count and decreased hemoglobin levels, high levels of serum and urinary bile pigments, and the presence of hemosiderins in the Kupffer cells, the renal tubule cells, and in the urine, indicate a severe hemolytic condition.The arsenic content of the liver, kidney, and muscle was significantly increased by feeding arsenicals.It appears that 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid was not as toxic to sheep as arsanilic acid or potassium arsenite. Potassium arsenite seemed very unpalatable, and when it was fed at the 0.2 percent level these sheep went off feed. These arsenicals may cause severe pathological damage without outward toxicity symptoms.

Individual full feeding and group self-feeding were used to determine the effect of three different arsenical compounds on weight gains and wool production of growing-fattening lambs. Practical type Corn Belt growing-fattening rations made up of alfalfa, corn, and soybean oil meal were used in the trials.Potassium arsenite, arsanilic acid, and arsonic acid were used to supply equal amounts of arsenic at levels of 0,002, 0.004, 0.006, 0.012, and 0.024 percent of the total ration based on the arsonic acid. None of these arsenicals fed at these levels consistently increased weight gains significantly when fed with an excellent quality or a poor quality ration. Experiment 2 indicated an increase in weight gains, which Experiment 3 did not, due to the arsenic on the poor quality ration. The gains of the lambs on the excellent ration exceeded those of the lambs on the poor ration, the difference being significant at the 1 percent level in both trials in which these were compared.In Experiment 3 arsonic acid at the 0.024 percent level did not reduce the numbers of coccidia as Experiment 2 had indicated it might.Rumen microflora, prothrombin time, and wool growth were not observed to be affected by any of the treatments.No histological difference was observed in the livers, kidneys, and adrenal glands from the lambs in the first experiment.No toxicity effect was observed at any time during the first three experiments. All rations were eaten satisfactorily and all lambs made very good gains.These results do not indicate any benefit from including these arsenicals in a practical farm ration for growing-fattening lambs. It appears that these arsenicals are not as toxic for sheep as they are for swine and poultry.