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2. Il problem solving

Author

Legrenzi, P., Gangemi,A., FabioR.A., Savadori, L., Johnson-Laird, P.N., Ferrante, D., Macchi, L., Del Missier, F. e Stragà, M., Bucciarelli, M., Antonietti, A., Mancini, F, Dahò, M., Gangemi, A, Antonietti, A, Fabio, RA, Macchi, L, Macchi Laura, Legrenzi, P., Gangemi,A., FabioR.A., Savadori, L., Johnson-Laird, P.N., Ferrante, D., Macchi, L., Del Missier, F. e Stragà, M., Bucciarelli, M., Antonietti, A., Mancini, F, Dahò, M., Gangemi, A, Antonietti, A, Fabio, RA, Macchi, L, and Macchi Laura

Abstract

Un gran numero di ricerche ha avuto come oggetto la spiegazione dei processi alla base della soluzione dei problemi, incrementali e di tipo insight. La concezione che ne emerge in generale, e che è stata adottata in particolare nello studio dei problemi incrementali (Human Information Processing-HIP), converge su una forma di funzionamento cognitivo, né esaustivo né casuale, ma guidato da strategie perlopiù fruttuose ed economiche, le euristiche, in grado di sfruttare l’informatività del contesto problemico e, anche nel caso di problemi molto onerosi in senso computazionale, di giungere alla soluzione. La ricerca sul problem solving si è in realtà focalizzata maggiormente, fin dall’inizio con gli psicologi della Gestalt, sullo studio dei problemi insight, che forniscono una via privilegiata per comprendere il pensiero creativo, la scoperta e l'innovazione scientifica, e tutte le situazioni in cui la mente deve affrontare qualcosa in modo nuovo. In questo capitolo presentiamo un breve excursus delle principali teorie, trattando le due prospettive contrastanti: la special process view e la business-as-usual view, in parte riconducibili rispettivamente alla psicologia della Gestalt e alla HIP. Per la prima, il processo alla base della risoluzione dei problemi insight è prevalentemente inconscio e associativo, mentre per la seconda è cosciente e analitico. Gli studi sull'effetto dell’incubazione (così come quelli sulla memoria di lavoro) hanno riportato risultati spesso contrastanti. Secondo la nostra prospettiva, facendo riferimento alle più recenti evidenze sperimentali, la soluzione dei problemi insight può essere spiegata da una sorta di pensiero analitico inconscio, una forma di pensiero produttivo e creativo, risultante da un'attivazione generale di diffusione della conoscenza, che include una ricerca pertinente, analitica e orientata all'obiettivo. Sono riportati a supporto di tale prospettiva studi sull’interrelazione tra linguaggio e pensiero nell’i

Published
2022

4. Problematic social media use: Associations with health complaints among adolescents

Author

Marino, C, Lenzi, M, Canale, N, Pierannunzio, D, Dalmasso, P, Borraccino, A, Cappello, N, Lemma, P, Vieno, A, Nardone, P, Spinelli, A, Donati, S, Pizzi, E, Ciardullo, S, Andreozzi, S, Bucciarelli, M, de Mei, B, Cattaneo, C, Cavallo, F, Piraccini, G, Berchialla, P, Charrier, L, Sciannameo, V, Gaboardi, M, Santinello, M, Lazzeri, G, Giacchi, M, Pammolli, A, Simi, R, Galeone, D, Menzano, M, Vienna, A, Colleluori, C, Di Giacomo, M, Ranalli, E, Cauzillo, G, Mininni, M, Sorrentino, G, Azzarito, C, Cernuzio, A, la Rocca, M, Pugliese, A, Mazzarella, G, Angelini, P, Fridel, M, Carletti, C, Concina, F, Ronfani, L, Pani, P, Cairella, G, Bosca, L, Pancallo, M, Ferrando, G, Celata, C, Coppola, L, Lobascio, C, Gelmi, G, Crottogini, L, Velasco, V, de Introna, S, Giostra, G, Ciallella, M, Colitti, M, Paolitto, E, Caputo, M, Stingi, D, Pacella, P, Pasquale, P, Palmas, M, Murgia, A, Cernigliaro, A, Ferro, M, Scondotto, S, Aramini, L, Corridori, V, Cristofori, M, Sorbelli, D, Giovannini, G, Covarino, A, Michieletto, F, Bino, E, Zuccali, M, Fanolla, A, Weiss, S, Marino C., Lenzi M., Canale N., Pierannunzio D., Dalmasso P., Borraccino A., Cappello N., Lemma P., Vieno A., Nardone P., Spinelli A., Donati S., Pizzi E., Ciardullo S., Andreozzi S., Bucciarelli M., de Mei B., Cattaneo C., Cavallo F., Piraccini G., Berchialla P., Charrier L., Sciannameo V., Gaboardi M., Santinello M., Lazzeri G., Giacchi M. V., Pammolli A., Simi R., Galeone D., Menzano M. T., Vienna A., Colleluori C., Di Giacomo M., Ranalli E., Cauzillo G., Mininni M., Sorrentino G., Azzarito C., Cernuzio A., la Rocca M., Pugliese A., Mazzarella G., Angelini P., Fridel M., Carletti C., Concina F., Ronfani L., Pani P., Cairella G., Bosca L., Pancallo M. T., Ferrando G., Celata C., Coppola L., Lobascio C., Gelmi G., Crottogini L., Velasco V., de Introna S., Giostra G., Ciallella M. L., Colitti M., Paolitto E., Caputo M., Stingi D., Pacella P., Pasquale P., Palmas M. A., Murgia A., Cernigliaro A., Ferro M. P., Scondotto S., Aramini L., Corridori V., Cristofori M., Sorbelli D., Giovannini G., Covarino A. M., Michieletto F., Bino E., Zuccali M. G., Fanolla A., Weiss S., Marino, C, Lenzi, M, Canale, N, Pierannunzio, D, Dalmasso, P, Borraccino, A, Cappello, N, Lemma, P, Vieno, A, Nardone, P, Spinelli, A, Donati, S, Pizzi, E, Ciardullo, S, Andreozzi, S, Bucciarelli, M, de Mei, B, Cattaneo, C, Cavallo, F, Piraccini, G, Berchialla, P, Charrier, L, Sciannameo, V, Gaboardi, M, Santinello, M, Lazzeri, G, Giacchi, M, Pammolli, A, Simi, R, Galeone, D, Menzano, M, Vienna, A, Colleluori, C, Di Giacomo, M, Ranalli, E, Cauzillo, G, Mininni, M, Sorrentino, G, Azzarito, C, Cernuzio, A, la Rocca, M, Pugliese, A, Mazzarella, G, Angelini, P, Fridel, M, Carletti, C, Concina, F, Ronfani, L, Pani, P, Cairella, G, Bosca, L, Pancallo, M, Ferrando, G, Celata, C, Coppola, L, Lobascio, C, Gelmi, G, Crottogini, L, Velasco, V, de Introna, S, Giostra, G, Ciallella, M, Colitti, M, Paolitto, E, Caputo, M, Stingi, D, Pacella, P, Pasquale, P, Palmas, M, Murgia, A, Cernigliaro, A, Ferro, M, Scondotto, S, Aramini, L, Corridori, V, Cristofori, M, Sorbelli, D, Giovannini, G, Covarino, A, Michieletto, F, Bino, E, Zuccali, M, Fanolla, A, Weiss, S, Marino C., Lenzi M., Canale N., Pierannunzio D., Dalmasso P., Borraccino A., Cappello N., Lemma P., Vieno A., Nardone P., Spinelli A., Donati S., Pizzi E., Ciardullo S., Andreozzi S., Bucciarelli M., de Mei B., Cattaneo C., Cavallo F., Piraccini G., Berchialla P., Charrier L., Sciannameo V., Gaboardi M., Santinello M., Lazzeri G., Giacchi M. V., Pammolli A., Simi R., Galeone D., Menzano M. T., Vienna A., Colleluori C., Di Giacomo M., Ranalli E., Cauzillo G., Mininni M., Sorrentino G., Azzarito C., Cernuzio A., la Rocca M., Pugliese A., Mazzarella G., Angelini P., Fridel M., Carletti C., Concina F., Ronfani L., Pani P., Cairella G., Bosca L., Pancallo M. T., Ferrando G., Celata C., Coppola L., Lobascio C., Gelmi G., Crottogini L., Velasco V., de Introna S., Giostra G., Ciallella M. L., Colitti M., Paolitto E., Caputo M., Stingi D., Pacella P., Pasquale P., Palmas M. A., Murgia A., Cernigliaro A., Ferro M. P., Scondotto S., Aramini L., Corridori V., Cristofori M., Sorbelli D., Giovannini G., Covarino A. M., Michieletto F., Bino E., Zuccali M. G., Fanolla A., and Weiss S.

Abstract

Objective. Problematic Social Media Use (PSMU) has an addictive potential for young users. The aim of this study was to show the prevalence of PSMU across Italian regions and its association with health complaints. Materials and methods. Data are gathered from the Italian 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey using a representative sample of Italian adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years (50.6% males). Participants completed self-administered questionnaires assessing PSMU and health complaints. Results. PSMU affects 8.9% adolescents in Italy and the prevalence is quite consistent across regions. 13-year-olds girls showed the highest percentage of PSMU (13%). Problematic users of social media are more likely to report multiple somatic (OR = 1.84 [95% CI 1.82-1.85]) and psychological (OR = 2.60 [95% CI 2.58-2.63]) symptoms. Conclusions. PSMU represents a widespread problem in Italy. National prevention interventions are needed in order to promote a positive use of social media.

Published
2020

5. Dietary habits among Italian adolescents and their relation to socio-demographic characteristics

Author

Nardone, P, Pierannunzio, D, Ciardullo, S, Lazzeri, G, Cappello, N, Spinelli, A, Donati, S, Pizzi, E, Andreozzi, S, Bucciarelli, M, de Mei, B, Cattaneo, C, Cavallo, F, Piraccini, G, Berchialla, P, Borraccino, A, Charrier, L, Dalmasso, P, Lemma, P, Sciannameo, V, Vieno, A, Canale, N, Gaboardi, M, Lenzi, M, Marino, C, Santinello, M, Giacchi, M, Pammolli, A, Simi, R, Galeone, D, Menzano, M, Vienna, A, Colleluori, C, Di Giacomo, M, Ranalli, E, Cauzillo, G, Mininni, M, Sorrentino, G, Azzarito, C, Cernuzio, A, la Rocca, M, Pugliese, A, Mazzarella, G, Angelini, P, Fridel, M, Carletti, C, Concina, F, Ronfani, L, Pani, P, Cairella, G, Bosca, L, Pancallo, M, Ferrando, G, Celata, C, Coppola, L, Lobascio, C, Gelmi, G, Crottogini, L, Velasco, V, de Introna, S, Giostra, G, Ciallella, M, Colitti, M, Paolitto, E, Caputo, M, Stingi, D, Pacella, P, Pasquale, P, Palmas, M, Murgia, A, Cernigliaro, A, Ferro, M, Scondotto, S, Aramini, L, Corridori, V, Cristofori, M, Sorbelli, D, Giovannini, G, Covarino, A, Michieletto, F, Bino, E, Zuccali, M, Fanolla, A, Weiss, S, Nardone P., Pierannunzio D., Ciardullo S., Lazzeri G., Cappello N., Spinelli A., Donati S., Pizzi E., Andreozzi S., Bucciarelli M., de Mei B., Cattaneo C., Cavallo F., Piraccini G., Berchialla P., Borraccino A., Charrier L., Dalmasso P., Lemma P., Sciannameo V., Vieno A., Canale N., Gaboardi M., Lenzi M., Marino C., Santinello M., Giacchi M. V., Pammolli A., Simi R., Galeone D., Menzano M. T., Vienna A., Colleluori C., Di Giacomo M., Ranalli E., Cauzillo G., Mininni M., Sorrentino G., Azzarito C., Cernuzio A., la Rocca M., Pugliese A., Mazzarella G., Angelini P., Fridel M., Carletti C., Concina F., Ronfani L., Pani P., Cairella G., Bosca L., Pancallo M. T., Ferrando G., Celata C., Coppola L., Lobascio C., Gelmi G., Crottogini L., Velasco V., de Introna S., Giostra G., Ciallella M. L., Colitti M., Paolitto E., Caputo M., Stingi D., Pacella P., Pasquale P., Palmas M. A., Murgia A., Cernigliaro A., Ferro M. P., Scondotto S., Aramini L., Corridori V., Cristofori M., Sorbelli D., Giovannini G., Covarino A. M., Michieletto F., Bino E., Zuccali M. G., Fanolla A., Weiss S., Nardone, P, Pierannunzio, D, Ciardullo, S, Lazzeri, G, Cappello, N, Spinelli, A, Donati, S, Pizzi, E, Andreozzi, S, Bucciarelli, M, de Mei, B, Cattaneo, C, Cavallo, F, Piraccini, G, Berchialla, P, Borraccino, A, Charrier, L, Dalmasso, P, Lemma, P, Sciannameo, V, Vieno, A, Canale, N, Gaboardi, M, Lenzi, M, Marino, C, Santinello, M, Giacchi, M, Pammolli, A, Simi, R, Galeone, D, Menzano, M, Vienna, A, Colleluori, C, Di Giacomo, M, Ranalli, E, Cauzillo, G, Mininni, M, Sorrentino, G, Azzarito, C, Cernuzio, A, la Rocca, M, Pugliese, A, Mazzarella, G, Angelini, P, Fridel, M, Carletti, C, Concina, F, Ronfani, L, Pani, P, Cairella, G, Bosca, L, Pancallo, M, Ferrando, G, Celata, C, Coppola, L, Lobascio, C, Gelmi, G, Crottogini, L, Velasco, V, de Introna, S, Giostra, G, Ciallella, M, Colitti, M, Paolitto, E, Caputo, M, Stingi, D, Pacella, P, Pasquale, P, Palmas, M, Murgia, A, Cernigliaro, A, Ferro, M, Scondotto, S, Aramini, L, Corridori, V, Cristofori, M, Sorbelli, D, Giovannini, G, Covarino, A, Michieletto, F, Bino, E, Zuccali, M, Fanolla, A, Weiss, S, Nardone P., Pierannunzio D., Ciardullo S., Lazzeri G., Cappello N., Spinelli A., Donati S., Pizzi E., Andreozzi S., Bucciarelli M., de Mei B., Cattaneo C., Cavallo F., Piraccini G., Berchialla P., Borraccino A., Charrier L., Dalmasso P., Lemma P., Sciannameo V., Vieno A., Canale N., Gaboardi M., Lenzi M., Marino C., Santinello M., Giacchi M. V., Pammolli A., Simi R., Galeone D., Menzano M. T., Vienna A., Colleluori C., Di Giacomo M., Ranalli E., Cauzillo G., Mininni M., Sorrentino G., Azzarito C., Cernuzio A., la Rocca M., Pugliese A., Mazzarella G., Angelini P., Fridel M., Carletti C., Concina F., Ronfani L., Pani P., Cairella G., Bosca L., Pancallo M. T., Ferrando G., Celata C., Coppola L., Lobascio C., Gelmi G., Crottogini L., Velasco V., de Introna S., Giostra G., Ciallella M. L., Colitti M., Paolitto E., Caputo M., Stingi D., Pacella P., Pasquale P., Palmas M. A., Murgia A., Cernigliaro A., Ferro M. P., Scondotto S., Aramini L., Corridori V., Cristofori M., Sorbelli D., Giovannini G., Covarino A. M., Michieletto F., Bino E., Zuccali M. G., Fanolla A., and Weiss S.

Abstract

Objective. The aim is to describe dietary habits and their association with socio-demographic characteristics in a large nationally representative sample of Italian adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years. Materials and methods. Data from the 2018 Italian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey on 58,976 adolescents were analysed to determine eating habits. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between incorrect dietary habits and potential predictors. Results. 38.3% of boys and 48.1% of girls skipped breakfast and 54.1% did not consume fruit and/or vegetables daily. 15.9% of boys and 11.3% of girls drank carbonated-sugary beverages at least once a day. Incorrect dietary habits were more common among boys, adolescents with lower socio-economic conditions, residents in Southern Italy and those spending more time watching TV. Italian adolescents were more likely to have incorrect dietary habits compared with those from most other countries involved in 2018 HBSC. Conclusions. Action is needed to improve dietary habits among adolescents.

Published
2020

7. Dietary habits among Italian adolescents and their relation to socio-demographic characteristics

Author

Nardone P., Pierannunzio D., Ciardullo S., Lazzeri G., Cappello N., Spinelli A., Donati S., Pizzi E., Andreozzi S., Bucciarelli M., de Mei B., Cattaneo C., Cavallo F., Piraccini G., Berchialla P., Borraccino A., Charrier L., Dalmasso P., Lemma P., Sciannameo V., Vieno A., Canale N., Gaboardi M., Lenzi M., Marino C., Santinello M., Giacchi M. V., Pammolli A., Simi R., Galeone D., Menzano M. T., Vienna A., Colleluori C., Di Giacomo M., Ranalli E., Cauzillo G., Mininni M., Sorrentino G., Azzarito C., Cernuzio A., la Rocca M., Pugliese A., Mazzarella G., Angelini P., Fridel M., Carletti C., Concina F., Ronfani L., Pani P., Cairella G., Bosca L., Pancallo M. T., Ferrando G., Celata C., Coppola L., Lobascio C., Gelmi G., Crottogini L., Velasco V., de Introna S., Giostra G., Ciallella M. L., Colitti M., Paolitto E., Caputo M., Stingi D., Pacella P., Pasquale P., Palmas M. A., Murgia A., Cernigliaro A., Ferro M. P., Scondotto S., Aramini L., Corridori V., Cristofori M., Sorbelli D., Giovannini G., Covarino A. M., Michieletto F., Bino E., Zuccali M. G., Fanolla A., Weiss S., Nardone, P, Pierannunzio, D, Ciardullo, S, Lazzeri, G, Cappello, N, Spinelli, A, Donati, S, Pizzi, E, Andreozzi, S, Bucciarelli, M, de Mei, B, Cattaneo, C, Cavallo, F, Piraccini, G, Berchialla, P, Borraccino, A, Charrier, L, Dalmasso, P, Lemma, P, Sciannameo, V, Vieno, A, Canale, N, Gaboardi, M, Lenzi, M, Marino, C, Santinello, M, Giacchi, M, Pammolli, A, Simi, R, Galeone, D, Menzano, M, Vienna, A, Colleluori, C, Di Giacomo, M, Ranalli, E, Cauzillo, G, Mininni, M, Sorrentino, G, Azzarito, C, Cernuzio, A, la Rocca, M, Pugliese, A, Mazzarella, G, Angelini, P, Fridel, M, Carletti, C, Concina, F, Ronfani, L, Pani, P, Cairella, G, Bosca, L, Pancallo, M, Ferrando, G, Celata, C, Coppola, L, Lobascio, C, Gelmi, G, Crottogini, L, Velasco, V, de Introna, S, Giostra, G, Ciallella, M, Colitti, M, Paolitto, E, Caputo, M, Stingi, D, Pacella, P, Pasquale, P, Palmas, M, Murgia, A, Cernigliaro, A, Ferro, M, Scondotto, S, Aramini, L, Corridori, V, Cristofori, M, Sorbelli, D, Giovannini, G, Covarino, A, Michieletto, F, Bino, E, Zuccali, M, Fanolla, A, and Weiss, S

Subjects
Male, vegetables, eating behaviour, Adolescent, breakfast, Feeding Behavior, fruit, Cross-Sectional Studies, beverage, Italy, Socioeconomic Factors, Humans, Female, Child, Demography
Abstract

Objective. The aim is to describe dietary habits and their association with socio-demographic characteristics in a large nationally representative sample of Italian adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years. Materials and methods. Data from the 2018 Italian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey on 58,976 adolescents were analysed to determine eating habits. Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between incorrect dietary habits and potential predictors. Results. 38.3% of boys and 48.1% of girls skipped breakfast and 54.1% did not consume fruit and/or vegetables daily. 15.9% of boys and 11.3% of girls drank carbonated-sugary beverages at least once a day. Incorrect dietary habits were more common among boys, adolescents with lower socio-economic conditions, residents in Southern Italy and those spending more time watching TV. Italian adolescents were more likely to have incorrect dietary habits compared with those from most other countries involved in 2018 HBSC. Conclusions. Action is needed to improve dietary habits among adolescents.

Published
2020

8. Problematic social media use: Associations with health complaints among adolescents

Author

Marino, C., Lenzi, M., Canale, N., Pierannunzio, D., Dalmasso, P., Borraccino, A., Cappello, N., Lemma, P., Vieno, A., Nardone, P., Spinelli, A., Donati, S., Pizzi, E., Ciardullo, S., Andreozzi, S., Bucciarelli, M., de Mei, B., Cattaneo, C., Cavallo, F., Piraccini, G., Berchialla, P., Charrier, L., Sciannameo, V., Gaboardi, M., Santinello, M., Lazzeri, G., Giacchi, M. V., Pammolli, A., Simi, R., Galeone, D., Menzano, M. T., Vienna, A., Colleluori, C., Di Giacomo, M., Ranalli, E., Cauzillo, G., Mininni, M., Sorrentino, G., Azzarito, C., Cernuzio, A., la Rocca, M., Pugliese, A., Mazzarella, G., Angelini, P., Fridel, M., Carletti, C., Concina, F., Ronfani, L., Pani, P., Cairella, G., Bosca, L., Pancallo, M. T., Ferrando, G., Celata, C., Coppola, L., Lobascio, C., Gelmi, G., Crottogini, L., Velasco, V., de Introna, S., Giostra, G., Ciallella, M. L., Colitti, M., Paolitto, E., Caputo, M., Stingi, D., Pacella, P., Pasquale, P., Palmas, M. A., Murgia, A., Cernigliaro, A., Ferro, M. P., Scondotto, S., Aramini, L., Corridori, V., Cristofori, M., Sorbelli, D., Giovannini, G., Covarino, A. M., Michieletto, F., Bino, E., Zuccali, M. G., Fanolla, A., Weiss, S., Marino, C, Lenzi, M, Canale, N, Pierannunzio, D, Dalmasso, P, Borraccino, A, Cappello, N, Lemma, P, Vieno, A, Nardone, P, Spinelli, A, Donati, S, Pizzi, E, Ciardullo, S, Andreozzi, S, Bucciarelli, M, de Mei, B, Cattaneo, C, Cavallo, F, Piraccini, G, Berchialla, P, Charrier, L, Sciannameo, V, Gaboardi, M, Santinello, M, Lazzeri, G, Giacchi, M, Pammolli, A, Simi, R, Galeone, D, Menzano, M, Vienna, A, Colleluori, C, Di Giacomo, M, Ranalli, E, Cauzillo, G, Mininni, M, Sorrentino, G, Azzarito, C, Cernuzio, A, la Rocca, M, Pugliese, A, Mazzarella, G, Angelini, P, Fridel, M, Carletti, C, Concina, F, Ronfani, L, Pani, P, Cairella, G, Bosca, L, Pancallo, M, Ferrando, G, Celata, C, Coppola, L, Lobascio, C, Gelmi, G, Crottogini, L, Velasco, V, de Introna, S, Giostra, G, Ciallella, M, Colitti, M, Paolitto, E, Caputo, M, Stingi, D, Pacella, P, Pasquale, P, Palmas, M, Murgia, A, Cernigliaro, A, Ferro, M, Scondotto, S, Aramini, L, Corridori, V, Cristofori, M, Sorbelli, D, Giovannini, G, Covarino, A, Michieletto, F, Bino, E, Zuccali, M, Fanolla, A, and Weiss, S

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Problematic use, Psychosomatic symptom, Adolescence, Social media, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Psychosomatic symptoms, Child, Female, Humans, Internet Addiction Disorder, Prevalence, Self Report, Social Media
Abstract

Objective. Problematic Social Media Use (PSMU) has an addictive potential for young users. The aim of this study was to show the prevalence of PSMU across Italian regions and its association with health complaints. Materials and methods. Data are gathered from the Italian 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey using a representative sample of Italian adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years (50.6% males). Participants completed self-administered questionnaires assessing PSMU and health complaints. Results. PSMU affects 8.9% adolescents in Italy and the prevalence is quite consistent across regions. 13-year-olds girls showed the highest percentage of PSMU (13%). Problematic users of social media are more likely to report multiple somatic (OR = 1.84 [95% CI 1.82-1.85]) and psychological (OR = 2.60 [95% CI 2.58-2.63]) symptoms. Conclusions. PSMU represents a widespread problem in Italy. National prevention interventions are needed in order to promote a positive use of social media.

Published
2020

11. Assessing Agricultural Innovation Systems: A Training Manual

Author

Rudebjer, P., Bucciarelli, M., Chuluunbaatar, D., Toillier, A., Rudebjer, P., Bucciarelli, M., Chuluunbaatar, D., and Toillier, A.

Subjects
Sustainable development, Rural development, Agricultural systems, Agricultural ecology
Abstract

Agricultural policies and education still fail to devote enough attention to innovation systems, although these are essential to achieving the SDGs. Agricultural innovation requires an enabling environment to stimulate it, “bridging” entities to facilitate it, and a web of individuals and organizations to deliver it. This eight-module, 20-hour course details the process.

Published
2022

14. [The health determinants in young children: testing a new surveillance system in Italy]

Author

Pizzi, E., Spinelli, A., Battilomo, S., Azzarito, C., Balducci, M. T., Bettinelli, M. E., Campostrini, S., Germinario, C., Mazzarella, Guido, Mignuoli, A. D., Morbidoni, M., Porchia, Stefania, Simeoni, Loris, Speri, Laura, Bucciarelli, M., Buoncristiano, M., Lauria, L., Nardone, P., Privitera, M. G., Brancati, G., Raffa, R., Napoli, T., Cimminelli, L., Vitelli, A., Panico, M., Ragone, G., D'Anna, A., Nardacci, A., Benedetti, E., Ambrogiani, E., Guidi, A., Cimini, D., Marcolini, P., Pasqualini, F., Rossini, Roberta, Zappi, W., Lacaita, G., Valentini, M., Pedote, P. D., Pesare, A., Caputi, G., Gottardello, L., and Campi, Davide

Subjects
Vaccination centres, Childhood, Health determinants, Surveillance system, Italy, Child, Preschool, Population Surveillance, Child Health, Humans, Infant, Settore SECS-S/05 - Statistica Sociale
Abstract

In recent years, the scientific community has stressed the need to invest in the first 1,000 days of life - the time spanning between conception and the 2nd birthday - because it is during this period that the foundations of health are laid and whose effects will be present throughout the life and may influence the next generation. Taking this into account, in 2013 the National Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (CCM) of the Italian Ministry of Health promoted and financed a project to test a surveillance system of the main determinants of health concerning the child between the conception period and the 2nd years of life which are included in the National Programme "GenitoriPiù": folic acid before and during pregnancy, abstention from tobacco and alcohol during pregnancy and lactation, breastfeeding, infant sleep position, vaccination attitude, and early reading. The Project, started in January 2014 and ended in August 2016, has piloted the design, testing, and evaluation of the surveillance system with the view to national extension and the repeatability over time. The surveillance system has been designed to collect data through a questionnaire compiled by mothers in vaccination centres, in order to produce indicators which will enable territorial and intertemporal comparisons to be made. The project has shown the feasibility of this system, identifying favourable conditions and possible difficulties, and its ability to collect important information on children's health.

Published
2019

15. Developing Capacities for Agricultural Innovation Systems: Lessons From Implementing a Common Framework in Eight Countries

Author

Toillier, A., Guillonnet, R., Bucciarelli, M., Hawkins, R. and Toillier, A., Guillonnet, R., Bucciarelli, M., Hawkins, R.

Subjects
Sustainable development, Agricultural systems
Abstract

This document presents a transversal analysis of the application of the Tropical Agriculture Framework across eight pilot countries. The findings indicate that the level and progress of implementation depend on the country's resource allocation and innovation capacity.

Published
2020

18. La percezione delle mamme sullo stato ponderale e sugli stili di vita dei propri bambini [Maternal perception of their children's weight and lifestyles]

Author

Spinelli, A., Nardone, P., Buoncristiano, M., Lauria, L., Bucciarelli, M., Andreozzi, S., Pediconi, M., Timperi, F., Pizzi, E., Galeone, D., Menzano, M., Vienna, A., Censi, L., Di Giacomo, M., Colleluori, C., Ranalli, E., Ammirati, G., Mininni, M., Sorrentino, G., Azzarito, C., Faillace, F., La Rocca, M., Mazzarella, G., Pizzuti, R., Angelini, P., Fridel, M., Carletti, C., Pani, P., Ronfani, L., Zanier, L., Amadei, P., Cairella, G., Pascali, F., Schiaffino, S., Cereda, D., Pirrone, L., De Introna, S., Giostra, G., Di Nucci, C., Manfredi Selvaggi, T., Valentini, O., Caputo, M., Ferrari, P., Balducci, M., Rosa, G., Stingi, G., Meloni, S., Senis, M., Tanchis, P., Cernigliaro, A., Ferro, M., Scondotto, S., Giacchi, M., Lazzeri, G., Simi, R., Cristofori, M., Giaimo, M., Prandini, S., Covarino, A., D'Alessandro, G., Galesso, R., Michieletto, F., Fanolla, A., Lucchin, L., Weiss, S., Migazzi, M., Grazia, M., Caroli, M., Cattaneo, C., De Mei, B., Perri, G., Silvestri, A., Spizzichino, L., Miletto, N., Faragli, G., Vignoli, M., and Piovani, G.

Published
2016

19. OKkio alla SALUTE 2014: hours of sleep in Italian 8-9-year-old children [Okkio alla salute 2014: Hours of sleep in 8-9-year-old children in Italy]

Author

Lauria, L, Pizzi, E, Nardone, P, Buoncristiano, M, Bucciarelli, M, Galeone, D, Spinelli, A, Andreozzi, S, Pediconi, M, Timperi, F, Menzano, M, Vienna, A, Censi, L, Di Giacomo, M, Colleluori, C, Ranalli, E, Ammirati, G, Mininni, M, Sorrentino, G, Azzarito, C, Faillace, F, La Rocca, M, Mazzarella, G, Pizzuti, R, Angelini, P, Fridel, M, Carletti, C, Pani, P, Ronfani, L, Zanier, L, Amadei, P, Cairella, G, Pascali, F, Schiaffino, S, Cereda, D, Pirrone, L, De Introna, S, Giostra, G, Di Nucci, C, Manfredi Selvaggi, T, Valentini, O, Caputo, M, Ferrari, P, Balducci, M, Rosa, G, Stingi, G, Meloni, S, Senis, M, Tanchis, P, Cernigliaro, A, Ferro, M, Scondotto, S, Giacchi, M, Lazzeri, Giacomo, Simi, Rita, Cristofori, M, Giaimo, M, Prandini, S, Covarino, A, D'Alessandro, G, Galesso, R, Michieletto, F, Fanolla, A, Lucchin, L, Weiss, S, Migazzi, M, Grazia, M, Caroli, M, Cattaneo, C, De Mei, B, Perri, G, Silvestri, A, Spizzichino, L, Miletto, N, Faragli, G, Vignoli, M, and Piovani, G.

Published
2016

23. La memoria umana. Apprendimento e organizzazione delle conoscenze

Author

Bucciarelli M., D'Amico A., Mammarella N., Rossi Arnaud C., Tinti C., STAME, STEFANIA, Bucciarelli M., D'Amico A., Mammarella N., Rossi-Arnaud C., Stame S., and Tinti C.

Subjects
APPRENDIMENTO, MODELLI, MEMORIA, CONOSCENZE, RICERCA SPERIMENTALE
Abstract

Il volume presenta le principali teorie e ricerche sperimentali relative al funzionamento della memoria in rapporto ai sistemi e processi cognitivi implicati. La parte direttamente curata da Stefania Stame (capitoli 10 e 11) riguarda più specificamente i modelli di rappresentazione delle conoscenze e le immagini mentali.

Published
2010

24. La Memoria Umana. Apprendimento ed organizzazione delle conoscenze

Author

Bucciarelli, M, Mammarella, N, Rossi Arnaud, C, Stame, S, Tinti, C., D'AMICO, Antonella, Bucciarelli, M, D'Amico, A, Mammarella, N, Rossi Arnaud, C, Stame, S, and Tinti, C

Subjects
APPRENDIMENTO, Settore M-PSI/01 - Psicologia Generale, PSICOLOGIA COGNITIVA, MEMORIA, CONOSCENZE
Published
2010

29. Exploring the neural basis of the enactment effect

Author

UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, Ianì, F., Burin, Dalila, Salatino, Adriana, Pia, Lorenzo, Ricci, Raffaella, Bucciarelli, M., UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience, Ianì, F., Burin, Dalila, Salatino, Adriana, Pia, Lorenzo, Ricci, Raffaella, and Bucciarelli, M.

Published
2016

31. Why Information Retrieval Needs Cognitive Science: A call to arms

Author

Hoenkamp, E.C.M., Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., Bucciarelli, M., Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., and Bucciarelli, M.

Subjects
Cognitive artificial intelligence
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 54528.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Much of today’s success in Information Retrieval (IR) comes from a hard approach: employing blazingly fast machines, ever more refined statistics, and increasingly powerful classification schemes. In recent years, however, the hard approach has entered a phase of diminishing returns. This paper explores a softer alternative which, we argue, is still in the phase of increasing returns. As the quality of an IR system is ultimately decided by its users, the approach starts from how these users structure information. Interestingly, for this approach many useful principles are readily available in the psychological literature. We illustrate the approach with three examples. The first applies the cognitive status of ‘complex nominals’ to improve search results by automatically constructing specialized queries. The second shows how the connection between language and imagery at the ‘basic level’ can be used for multimedia retrieval on the World Wide Web. The final example employs the notion of ’semantic space’ to make retrieval more effective especially for large scale corpora. In each example the results were substantial. The cases we studied illustrate how an approach to information retrieval based on cognitive principles can lead to significant, immediate, and fundamental results. It shows how prolific the application of cognitive science to the core of IR can be, and we believe that both disciplines stand to benefit from this approach.

Published
2005

32. Is a Confirmatory Tendency to Blame for Poor Diagnostic Decisions?

Author

Aarle, E.J.M. van, Hoenkamp, E.C.M., Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., Bucciarelli, M., Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., and Bucciarelli, M.

Subjects
Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive artificial intelligence, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 27
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 55625.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) In diagnostic reasoning, especially in a clinical setting, practitioners often widely disagree about the causal explanation for a given case. Most studies have assumed that such disagreements result from judgmental mistakes due to biased reasoning, especially the tendency to seek confirmation for a theory or hypothesis they already entertain. Alternative explanations for these mistakes are: confusion about the type of requested diagnosis and a difference in knowledge available to the practitioner. The present paper introduces a method to control the latter two factors, for the first time enabling a study of the influence of the first factor in isolation. In the experiment, eighteen advanced postgraduate practitioners made a diagnosis in interaction with a computer program simulating various reading impairments. We found two surprising results: First, the confirmatory tendency was not as prevalent as commonly assumed and second, more important, that where it was employed it was conducive to sound diagnostic decisions.

Published
2005

33. Paw preference correlates to task performance in dogs

Author

Alphen, A. van, Bosse, T., Frank, I., Jonker, C.M., Koeman, F., Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., Bucciarelli, M., Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., Bucciarelli, M., Artificial intelligence, and Social AI

Subjects
Cognitive artificial intelligence, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 55658.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) A study involving 36 domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) in a simple search task provides evidence of a correlation between paw use and performance. The study was carried out to determine whether or not paw use is related to task performance. Different aspects of task performance were taken into consideration. The results of an experiment indicate that dogs departing with the left front paw perform significantly better than dogs departing with the right front paw. Moreover, gender differentiation was not replicated by our data, thus opening new avenues of research with other or other additional factors to gain insight in the gender differentiation found earlier. 27th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (Cogsci 2005)

Published
2005

38. Strategies for cardiovascular prevention in children [Strategie differenziate nelle popolazioni target: I bambini]

Author

Spinelli, A, Nardone, P, Lamberti, A, Baglio, G, Gruppo OKkio alla SALUTE 2008, Andreozzi, S, Binkin, N, Bucciarelli, M, Cattaneo, C, Fontana, G, Meucci, S, Perra, A, Galeone, D, Silani, Mt, Mastantuono, E, Teti, S, Censi, L, D'Addesa, D, D'Amicis, A, Ciglia, A, Di Giacomo, M, Cauzillo, G, Sorrentino, G, Fersini, G, La Rocca, M, Perri, G, De Lorenzo, G, Angelini, P, Di Martino, E, Carletti, C, Rincorosi, R, Cairella, G, Castronuovo, E, Pascali, F, Oreste, P, Giostra, G, Tagliavento, G, Selvaggi, Tm, Caputo, M, Anelli, S, Pomo, V, Arras, P, Cattina, G, Cernigliaro, A, Rizzo, S, Giacchi, MARIANO VINCENZO, Lazzeri, Giacomo, Cristofori, M, Giaimo, M, Covarino, Am, D'Alessandro, G, Riccardo, G, Tamang, Me, Piffer, S, Baldi, A, Balducci, Mt, Bilei, S, Callipari, O, De Luca, A, Di Fabio, M, Marrone, A, Mazzarella, G, Silvestri, A, Caroli, M, Cavallo, F, Silvestri, Ar, Spenelli, A, and Spizzichino, L.

Published
2010

39. Il sistema di sorveglianza OKkio alla SALUTE: il ruolo della scuola primaria nella promozione di stili di vita salutari. Risultati 2008 [Surveillance system OKkio alla SALUTE: the role of primary school in the promotion of healthy life style. Results of 2008]

Author

Lamberti, A, Spinelli, A, Baglio, G, Nardone, P, Silani, Mt, Mastantuono, E, Teti, S, Menzano, Mt, Galeone, D, Gruppo OKkio alla SALUTE 2008, Andreozzi, S, Binkin, N, Bucciarelli, M, Meucci, S, Perra, A, Censi, L, D'Addesa, D, D'Amicis, A, Ciglia, A, Di Giacomo, M, Cauzillo, G, Sorrentino, G, Fersini, G, Perri, G, La Rocca, M, De Lorenzo, G, Angelini, P, Di Martino, E, Carletti, C, Rincorosi, R, Cairella, G, Castronuovo, E, Pascali, F, Oreste, P, Giostra, G, Tagliavento, G, Selvaggi, Tm, Caputo, M, Anelli, S, Pomo, V, Arras, P, Cattina, G, Cernigliaro, A, Rizzo, S, Giacchi, M, Lazzeri, G, Cristofori, M, Giaimo, M, Covarino, Am, D'Alessandro, G, Galesso, R, Tamang, Me, and Piffer, S.

Published
2010

41. OKkIO alla SALUTE: promozione della salute e crescita sana nei bambini della scuola primaria [Promotion of healthy life style and growth in primary school children (OKkio alla SALUTE)]

Author

Spinelli, A., Baglio, G., Cattaneo, C., Fontana, G., Lamberti, A., Gruppo OKkio alla SALUTE, Coorte PROFEA anno 2006, Baglio, G. I., Binkin, N., Bucciarelli, M., Perra, A., Galeone, D., Silani, M. T., Mastantuono, Edvige, Teti, Silvana, Censi, Laura, D'Addesa, Dina, D'Amicis, A., Ciglia, Antonio, Di Giacomo, M., Sorrentino, G., Fersini, G., Perri, G., De Lorenzo, G., Angelini, P., Di Martino, E., Carletti, C., Rincorosi, R., Cairella, G., Castronuovo, E., Pascali, F., Oreste, P., Giostra, G., Tagliavento, G., Selvaggi, T. I., Caputo, M., Anelli, S., Pomo, V., Arras, P., Cattina, G., Cernigliaro, A., Rizzo, S., Giacchi, M., Lazzeri, G., Cristofori, M., Giaimo, M, Covarino, Anna Maria, D'Alessandro, G., Riccardo, G., Tamang, M., Piffer, S., Baldi, A., Balducci, M., Bilei, S., Callipari, O., De Luca, A., Marrone, A., Mazzarella, G., and Silvestri, A.

Published
2008

42. ACT-R Tutorial

Author

Taatgen, N.A., Van Rijn, D.H., Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., Bucciarelli, M., Artificial Intelligence, and Experimental Psychology

Published
2006

43. Reflective Cognition as a Secondary Task

Author

Mol, Lisette, Taatgen, Niels, Verbrugge, Rineke, Hendriks, Petra, Bara, B.G., Barsalou, L., Bucciarelli, M., Department Communication and Cognition, Language, Communication and Cognition, University of Groningen, and Artificial Intelligence

Published
2005

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