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В данной статье проводится многосторонний анализ и сопоставление понятий речевого воздействия и манипулирования сознанием с помощью языка, получивших наибольшую актуальность в современном цифровом мире, мире сетевых коммуникаций.Посредством сопоставления словарных и научных дефиниций, а также целого ряда критериев выявляются основные черты сходства и черты различия речевого воздействия и манипуляции сознанием, описываются ключевые признаки манипуляции сознанием с помощью языка, выводится определение понятия речевой манипуляции, дается однозначная негативная морально-этическая оценка данного явления, определяется общее соотношение понятий речевого воздействия и манипулирования сознанием., This article provides a multi-analysis and comparison of the concepts of linguistic effect and mind games by means of language. Those have acquired the greatest relevance in the modern digital world, i.e., the world of network communications.Through comparing dictionary and scientific definitions, as well as a number of criteria, one may distinguish the basic similarities and differences between linguistic effect and manipulation of consciousness. One may also find a description of the key features of mind games using language, as well as the definition of the concept of speech manipulation, along with a univocal negative moral and ethical assessment of this phenomenon. The general correlation of the concepts of linguistic effect and manipulation of consciousness is also provided., Russian Linguistic Bulletin, Выпуск 1 (37) 2023

В статье описывается ряд аспектов психолингвистики, позволяющих проводить результативные исследования в области речевого воздействия и манипулирования сознанием с помощью языка в средствах массовой информации и «новых» медиа, например, социальных сетях и популярных мессенджерах. Подробно рассмотрены четыре аспекта: психологический, собственно лингвистический, социологический и культурологический. В рамках каждого из аспектов представлен инструментарий воздействия, описан ряд стратегий и тактик речевого воздействия и манипулирования сознанием, а также намечен ряд проблем, связанных с воздействием на сознание потребителя массовой информации. Темы таких исследований наиболее актуальны в последнее время, когда сфера массовой коммуникации становится максимально манипулятивной и агрессивной., The article contains description of a number of psycholinguistics aspects that allow for effective research in the field of linguistic effect and manipulation of consciousness using language in the mass media and "new" media, e.g., social networks and popular messengers. Four aspects have been considered in detail: namely psychological, linguistic, sociological and culturological. There are tools of effect within each aspect, a description of a number of strategies and tactics of linguistic effect and manipulation of consciousness, as well as a number of issues related to the effect on the consciousness of the mass media consumer. Recently, the topics of such researches have become most relevant, while the field of mass communication was becoming as manipulative and aggressive as possible., Russian Linguistic Bulletin, Выпуск 1 (37) 2023

IMPORTANCE Previous research suggested that soluble human recombinant thrombomodulin may reduce mortality among patients with sepsis-associated coagulopathy.OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of human recombinant thrombomodulin vs placebo on 28-day all-cause mortality among patients with sepsis-associated coagulopathy.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The SCARLET trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational, multicenter phase 3 study conducted in intensive care units at 159 sites in 26 countries. All adult patients admitted to one of the participating intensive care units between October 2012 and March 2018 with sepsis-associated coagulopathy and concomitant cardiovascular and/or respiratory failure, defined as an international normalized ratio greater than 1.40 without other known etiology and a platelet count in the range of 30 to 150 x 10(9)/L or a greater than 30% decrease in platelet count within 24 hours, were considered for inclusion. The final date of follow-up was February 28, 2019.INTERVENTIONS Patients with sepsis-associated coagulopathy were randomized and treated with an intravenous bolus or a 15-minute infusion of thrombomodulin (0.06mg/kg/d [maximum, 6mg/d]; n=-395) or matching placebo (n=-405) once daily for 6 days.MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES The primary end pointwas 28-day all-cause mortality.RESULTS Among 816 randomized patients, 800 (mean age, 60.7 years; 437 [54.6%] men) completed the study and were included in the full analysis set. In these patients, the 28-day all-cause mortality rate was not statistically significantly different between the thrombomodulin group and the placebo group (106 of 395 patients [26.8%] vs 119 of 405 patients [29.4%], respectively; P=-.32). The absolute risk difference was 2.55%(95% CI, -3.68% to 8.77%). The incidence of serious major bleeding adverse events (defined as any intracranial hemorrhage; life-threatening bleeding; or bleeding event classified as serious by the investigator, with administration of at least 1440mL [typically 6 units] of packed red blood cells over 2 consecutive days) was 23 of 396 patients (5.8%) in the thrombomodulin group and 16 of 404 (4.0%) in the placebo group.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with sepsis-associated coagulopathy, administration of a human recombinant thrombomodulin, compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce 28-day all-cause mortality.TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01598831