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7. Group brief cognitive behavioral therapy for suicide prevention compared to dialectal behavior therapy skills group for military service members: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

Author

Baker, Justin C., Grover, Shawna, Gunn, Laura H., Charles, Cindy, Rikli, Heather, Franks, Michael J., Khazem, Lauren R., Williams, Sean, Ammendola, Ennio, Washington, Cherita, Bennette, Marquita, Starkey, Austin, Schnecke, Kelly, Cain, Shannon, Bryan, Craig J., and Cramer, Robert J.

Published
2023
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13. Does Exposure Exacerbate Symptoms in Veterans With PTSD and Alcohol Use Disorder?

Author

Tripp, Jessica C, Haller, Moira, Trim, Ryan S, Straus, Elizabeth, Bryan, Craig J, Davis, Brittany C, Lyons, Robert, Hamblen, Jessica L, and Norman, Sonya B

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Serious Mental Illness, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Behavioral and Social Science, Depression, Mental Health, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Brain Disorders, Substance Misuse, Clinical Research, Anxiety Disorders, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Alcoholism, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Suicidal Ideation, Veterans, posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use disorder, prolonged exposure, clinical worsening, symptom exacerbation, Applied and developmental psychology, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

ObjectivePatients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are often not offered exposure therapy for PTSD due to concerns that symptoms may worsen. This study examined whether initiating exposure would cause exacerbation of PTSD, alcohol use, depression, or suicidal ideation (SI) among patients with PTSD/AUD participating in exposure therapy for PTSD.MethodVeterans were randomized to either concurrent treatment of PTSD and substance use disorders using prolonged exposure (COPE) or seeking safety, a nonexposure intervention, and were included in this study if they had data to at least Session 5 available (n = 81). They completed measures of PTSD, alcohol use, and depression/SI symptom severity throughout treatment and posttreatment. The reliable exacerbation method examined the number of participants who demonstrated clinically meaningful symptom exacerbation from Sessions 3 to 5 (capturing the prepost window for the start of exposure in COPE). Hierarchical/logistic regressions examined whether treatment condition predicted exacerbation of symptoms. T tests/chi-square analyses examined whether clinical exacerbation led to worse posttreatment outcomes.ResultsFew participants endorsed exacerbation in symptoms of PTSD (15.8%), alcohol use (5.1%), depression (10.2%), or SI (12.8%). No significant treatment condition differences existed. Participants who experienced symptom exacerbation had higher rates of depression posttreatment compared to those who did not experience symptom exacerbation, but there were no differences in PTSD, alcohol use, or SI.ConclusionsExposure therapy did not lead to more clinical exacerbation than nonexposure therapy during the course of treatment, providing support that exposure therapy should not be withheld from patients with PTSD/AUD. This was a secondary analysis. and future studies that are sufficiently powered may demonstrate different results. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2021

17. An Examination of the Mental Health and Academic Performance of Student Veterans

Author

Hinkson, Kent D., Drake-Brooks, Malisa M., Christensen, Kate L., Chatterley, Michelle D., Robinson, Audrianne K., Crowell, Sheila E., Williams, Paula G., and Bryan, Craig J.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide a more comprehensive look into the demographics of the veteran student subpopulation while exploring the relationship between the mental health of student veterans and their academic performance. Methods: A nationwide anonymous survey was distributed to student veterans who were enrolled in postsecondary institutions. Results: A large number of participants reported distress with symptoms of PTSD, depression, sleep disturbances, and/or suicidal ideation and attempts, and screened likely for mental health problems in these areas. Participants also endorsed academic problems ranging from the ability to stay focused to failing tests and quizzes. Additional findings demonstrated a positive association between GPA and both PTSD and depression. Conclusion: These findings can be used as a platform upon which to begin the discussion on the implications for mental health professionals, administrators, and educators.

Published
2022
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18. Automatic prediction of suicidal risk in military couples using multimodal interaction cues from couples conversations

Author

Chakravarthula, Sandeep Nallan, Nasir, Md, Tseng, Shao-Yen, Li, Haoqi, Park, Tae Jin, Baucom, Brian, Bryan, Craig J., Narayanan, Shrikanth, and Georgiou, Panayiotis

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

Suicide is a major societal challenge globally, with a wide range of risk factors, from individual health, psychological and behavioral elements to socio-economic aspects. Military personnel, in particular, are at especially high risk. Crisis resources, while helpful, are often constrained by access to clinical visits or therapist availability, especially when needed in a timely manner. There have hence been efforts on identifying whether communication patterns between couples at home can provide preliminary information about potential suicidal behaviors, prior to intervention. In this work, we investigate whether acoustic, lexical, behavior and turn-taking cues from military couples' conversations can provide meaningful markers of suicidal risk. We test their effectiveness in real-world noisy conditions by extracting these cues through an automatic diarization and speech recognition front-end. Evaluation is performed by classifying 3 degrees of suicidal risk: none, ideation, attempt. Our automatic system performs significantly better than chance in all classification scenarios and we find that behavior and turn-taking cues are the most informative ones. We also observe that conditioning on factors such as speaker gender and topic of discussion tends to improve classification performance., Comment: submitted to ICASSP 2020

Published
2019

26. Quantifying relational change in community organisations participating in a Veteran suicide prevention learning collaborative: a social network analysis

Author

DeBeer, Bryann B, primary, Russell, Patricia D, additional, Mignogna, Joseph, additional, Mohatt, Nathaniel, additional, Borah, Elisa, additional, Bryan, Craig J, additional, Monteith, Lindsey, additional, Peterson, Alan, additional, Zheng, Andy, additional, Sprong, Sara, additional, Bongiovanni, Kathryn, additional, Villareal, Edgar, additional, Hoffmire, Claire A, additional, Heise, Jenna, additional, Baack, Sylvia, additional, Weinberg, Kimberly, additional, Polk, Marcy, additional, Alverio, Tabitha, additional, Mealer, Meredith, additional, Scheihing, Juliana, additional, Benzer, Justin, additional, and Varda, Danielle, additional

Published
2024
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33. Facets of Suicidal Ideation.

Author

Jobes, David A., Mandel, Abby A., Kleiman, Evan M., Bryan, Craig J., Johnson, Sheri L., and Joiner, Thomas E.

Subjects
ECOLOGICAL momentary assessments (Clinical psychology), SUICIDAL ideation, ATTEMPTED suicide, SUICIDE prevention, CLINICAL medicine
Abstract

According to SAMHSA (2023), approximately 16,600,000 American adults and teens reported having serious thoughts of suicide in 2022. While suicide prevention has primarily focused on suicide deaths and attempts, we contend that suicidal ideation (SI) deserves more in-depth investigation and should be an essential intervention target on its own. In support of this point, we provide three examples of ways to improve specificity in understanding of SI through the study of controllability of SI, the language used to assess SI, and measuring SI in real time. We also consider qualitative work on the content of SI, its treatment, and definitional considerations. We thus call for an increased general focus on SI within research, clinical care, and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Suicide Prevention Programming: Comparing Four Prominent Frameworks

Author

DeBeer, Bryann, primary, Mignogna, Joseph, additional, Talbot, Margaret, additional, Villarreal, Edgar, additional, Mohatt, Nathaniel, additional, Borah, Elisa, additional, Russell, Patricia D., additional, Bryan, Craig J., additional, Monteith, Lindsey L., additional, Bongiovanni, Kathryn, additional, Hoffmire, Claire, additional, Peterson, Alan L., additional, Heise, Jenna, additional, Baack, Sylvia, additional, Weinberg, Kimberly, additional, Polk, Marcy, additional, and Benzer, Justin K., additional

Published
2024
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38. Improving Suicide Risk Screening to Identify the Highest Risk Patients: Results From the PRImary Care Screening Methods (PRISM) Study

Author

Bryan, Craig J., Allen, Michael H., Thomsen, Cynthia J., May, Alexis M., Baker, Justin C., Bryan, AnnaBelle O., Harris, Julia A., Cunningham, Craig A., Taylor, Kara B., Wine, Michelle D., Young, Johnnie, Williams, Sean, White, Kirsi, Smith, Logan, Lawson, W. Cole, Hope, Timothy, Russell, William, Hinkson, Kent D., Jr., Cheney, Tyler, and Arne, Kimberly

Subjects
Suicidal behavior -- Risk factors, Mental health surveys -- Usage, Mental health screening -- Methods, Health, Science and technology
Abstract

PURPOSE Over 95% of patients who screen positive on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) suicide risk item do not attempt or die by suicide, which could lead to unnecessary treatment and/or misallocation of limited resources. The present study seeks to determine if suicide risk screening can be meaningfully improved to identify the highest-risk patients. METHODS Patients eligible to receive medical treatment from the US Department of Defense medical system were recruited from 6 military primary care clinics located at 5 military installations around the United States. Patients completed self-report measures including the PHQ-9 and 16 items from the Suicide Cognitions Scale (SCS) during routine primary care clinic visits. Postbaseline suicidal behaviors (suicide attempts, interrupted attempts, and aborted attempts) were assessed by evaluators who were blind to screening results using the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview. RESULTS Among 2,744 patients, 13 (0.5%) engaged in suicidal behavior in the 30 days after screening and 28 (1.0%) displayed suicidal behavior in the 90 days after screening. Multiple SCS items differentiated patients with suicidal behavior less than 30 days after screening positive for suicide risk. Augmenting the PHQ-9 suicide risk item with SCS items improved the identification of patients who were most likely to have suicidal behavior within a month of screening positive without sacrificing sensitivity. CONCLUSION Among primary care patients who screen positive for suicide risk on the PHQ-9, SCS items improved screening efficiency by identifying those patients who are most likely to engage in suicidal behavior within the next 30 days. Key words: primary health care; mass screening, suicide, INTRODUCTION From 1999 to 2017, the US suicide rate increased by more than 33%. (1) Suicides have increased at an even faster rate among military personnel and veterans. (2) Nearly [...]

Published
2021
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39. STRONG STAR and the Consortium to Alleviate PTSD: Shaping the future of combat PTSD and related conditions in military and veteran populations

Author

Peterson, Alan L., Young-McCaughan, Stacey, Roache, John D., Mintz, Jim, Litz, Brett T., Williamson, Douglas E., Resick, Patricia A., Foa, Edna B., McGeary, Donald D., Dondanville, Katherine A., Taylor, Daniel J., Wachen, Jennifer Schuster, Fox, Peter T., Bryan, Craig J., McLean, Carmen P., Pruiksma, Kristi E., Yarvis, Jeffrey S., Niles, Barbara L., Abdallah, Chadi G., Averill, Lynnette A., Back, Sudie E., Baker, Monty T., Blount, Tabatha H., Borah, Adam M., Borah, Elisa V., Brock, Matthew S., Brown, Lily A., Burg, Matthew M., Cigrang, Jeffrey A., DeBeer, Bryann B., DeVoe, Ellen R., Fina, Brooke A., Flanagan, Julianne C., Fredman, Steffany J., Gardner, Cubby L., Gatchel, Robert R., Goodie, Jeffrey L., Gueorguieva, Ralitza, Higgs, Jay B., Jacoby, Vanessa M., Kelly, Kevin M., Krystal, John H., Lapiz-Bluhm, M. Danet, López-Roca, Argelio L., Marx, Brian P., Maurer, Douglas M., McDevitt-Murphy, Meghan E., McGeary, Cindy A., Meyer, Eric C., Miles, Shannon R., Monson, Candice M., Morilak, David A., Moring, John C., Mysliwiec, Vincent, Nicholson, Karin L., Rauch, Sheila A.M., Riggs, David S., Rosen, Craig S., Rudd, M. David, Schobitz, Richard P., Schrader, Christian C., Shinn, Antoinette M., Shiroma, Paulo R., Sloan, Denise M., Stern, Stephen L., Strong, Randy, Vannoy, Steven D., Young, Keith A., and Keane, Terence M.

Published
2021
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40. Written exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress symptoms and suicide risk: Design and methodology of a randomized controlled trial with patients on a military psychiatric inpatient unit

Author

Marx, Brian P., Fina, Brooke A., Sloan, Denise M., Young-McCaughan, Stacey, Dondanville, Katherine A., Tyler, Hannah C., Blankenship, Abby E., Schrader, Christian C., Kaplan, Alexander M., Green, Vanessa R., Bryan, Craig J., Hale, Willie J., Mintz, Jim, and Peterson, Alan L.

Published
2021
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44. Identifying suicidal subtypes and dynamic indicators of increasing and decreasing suicide risk in active duty military personnel: Study protocol

Author

Brown, Lily A., Bryan, Craig J., Butner, Jonathan E., Tabares, Jeffrey V., Young-McCaughan, Stacey, Hale, Willie J., Fina, Brooke A., Foa, Edna B., Resick, Patricia A., Taylor, Daniel J., Coon, Hillary, Williamson, Douglas E., Dondanville, Katherine A., Borah, Elisa V., McLean, Carmen P., Wachen, Jennifer Schuster, Pruiksma, Kristi E., Hernandez, Ann Marie, Litz, Brett T., Mintz, Jim, Yarvis, Jeffrey S., Borah, Adam M., Nicholson, Karin L., Maurer, Douglas M., Kelly, Kevin M., and Peterson, Alan L.

Published
2021
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