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1. Silicon in the Production, Nutrient Mineralization and Persistence of Cover Crop Residues

Author

Fabiana Aparecida Fernandes, Bruna Miguel Cardoso, Orivaldo Arf, and Salatier Buzetti

Subjects
no-tillage system, low altitude Cerrado, acidity correctives, green manures, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

In tropical regions, maintaining crop residues in the soil is challenging. Silicon (Si) may increase the persistence of these residues in the soil, as it is a precursor to lignin, providing a gradual release of nutrients for subsequent crops. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different doses of calcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) (0, 1, 2, and 3 Mg ha⁻1) and limestone (0, 1, 2, and 3 Mg ha⁻1) on the lignin content, residue decomposition, and nutrient release of four cover crops—Pennisetum glaucum, Urochloa ruziziensis, Crotalaria spectabilis, and Cajanus cajan—at various decomposition stages following cover crop management (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days). The experiment was conducted in the field at the experimental area of the Faculty of Engineering at Ilha Solteira-UNESP, located in the municipality of Selvíria, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, on Ferralsol. The decomposition rate of the residues was assessed using the decomposition bag method, which was installed after cover crop management. The concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), Si, lignin, and cellulose were determined. Silicate application did not affect the accumulation of nutrients by cover crops and their release into the soil. There was no relationship between the remaining Si in the dry matter of plants and more persistent residues. The most persistent plants had higher final dry matter lignin content. Using pearl millet and pigeon peas resulted in more persistent residues in the soil.

Published
2024
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2. Qualidade da semente de soja: impacto da aplicação foliar com molibdênio e níquel

Author

Bruna Miguel Cardoso, Larissa Sartori Dameto, Jorge Delfim, Edson Lazarini, Larissa Alexandra Cardoso Moraes, and Adônis Moreira

Subjects
Glycine max, Germinação, Tamanho de sementes, Vigor, Protusão de raízes., Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

A soja tem apresentado aumento de produtividade nos últimos anos e o manejo adequado das plantas tem melhorado a qualidade fisiológica das sementes. A aplicação com micronutrientes, especialmente molibdênio (Mo) e níquel (Ni) tem importante estratégia para aumentar o rendimento de grãos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação foliar de Mo e Ni sobre o teor foliar de nitrogênio (N), qualidade da germinação (protrusão radicular, envelhecimento em termos de vigor, germinação e tamanho de plântulas) e tamanho de sementes de soja cultivadas sob duas condições edafoclimáticas. Os tratamentos consistiram em quatro doses de Mo (0, 400, 800 e 1600 g ha-1) e três doses de Ni (0, 60 e 120 g ha-1) aplicadas no início do estádio reprodutivo (R1 e R2). Os plantios foram realizados em Londrina (Brasmax Desafio RR) e Selviria (TMG 7063 IPRO e Brasmax Desafio RR). A protrusão radicular, vigor e tamanho das plântulas foram influenciados pela aplicação foliar de Mo, enquanto a aplicação de Ni em altas doses diminuiu a protrusão radicular. A aplicação de Mo influenciou positivamente o teor de N, tamanho dos grãos e qualidade fisiológica das sementes na dose de 800–1600 g ha-1.

Published
2024
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3. Effect of Foliar Molybdenum Application on Seed Quality of Soybean Cultivars

Author

Edson Lazarini, Bruna Miguel Cardoso, Larissa Alexandra Cardoso Moraes, Adônis Moreira, Larissa Sartori Dameto, Fabiana Lopes dos Santos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, 0106 biological sciences, Glycine max, Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, macromolecular substances, 01 natural sciences, lipids, vigor, crude protein, Biochemical reactions, Cultivar, electrical conductivity, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Micronutrient, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), Horticulture, germination, chemistry, Molybdenum, Germination, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Nitrogen fixation, bacteria, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T22:23:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-12-18 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential micronutrient involved in several biochemical reactions that influence biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Plants are known to require less molybdenum. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mo foliar application on four soybean cultivars (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) and their physiological qualities, crude protein, and lipid content. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates. Three Mo application rates (0, 400, and 800 g ha(-1)) were used for the AS 3730 IPRO, Bonus IPRO, Desafio RR, and BMX Potencia RR cultivars during their R3 and R5 reproductive stages. The Mo concentration, nutritional parameters (crude protein [CP] and lipids), and physiological quality (electrical conductivity, vigor, aging seed, and germination) of the seeds were then evaluated. The cultivars x Mo application rate interaction had no significant effect. There was an observed increase in Mo content with molybdic leaf fertilization. The BMX Bonus IPRO and BMX Potencia RR cultivars had the best response, with increased Mo concentration within the seeds. The Mo rates did not influence CP and lipids. However, the soybean cultivar x Mo application rate interaction significantly affected the germination percentage and percentage of accelerated aging seeds. Univ Estadual Londrina, Dept Crop Sci, Londrina, Parana, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Ilha Solteira, Brazil Embrapa Soja, Dept Soil Fertil & Plant Nutr, Londrina, Parana, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Ilha Solteira, Brazil

Published
2020
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4. Response of Dry Bean to Nitrogen Fertilization and Inoculation with Rhizobium Tropici and Azospirillum Brasiliensis

Author

Larissa Alexandra Cardoso Moraes, Paula Cerezini, Adônis Moreira, Nilson Darlan Vieira, Bruna Miguel Cardoso, Cecílio Viega Soares Filho, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Univ Pitagoras Unopar, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Rhizobium tropici, biology, Inoculation, grain yield, Soil Science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Phaseolus vulgaris, Horticulture, nitrogen fertilizers, Nitrogen fertilizer, Dry bean, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Grain yield, Azospirillum brasiliensis, Phaseolus, Agronomy and Crop Science, Microbial inoculant, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T22:38:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-12-18 The dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has significant economic importance in Brazil and is one of the most important sources of income, especially for small producers. This study aimed to evaluate the response of dry bean to different nitrogen (N) sources, using a completely randomized design, with five replicates. Treatments comprised five N sources [ammonium sulfate [(NH4)(2)SO4], calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)(2)], potassium nitrate (KNO3), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and urea] applied at 300 mg kg(-1) N plus three additional treatments (inoculation with Rhizobium tropici, inoculation with R. tropici plus Azospirillum brasiliensis, and the control without N and inoculation). The yield components [grain yield (GY), shoot dry weight yield (SDWY), number of pods per pot (NPP), number of grains per pot (NGPt), pod weight (PW), and number of grains per pod (NGP)], and physiological components [water use efficiency (WUE), photosynthetic rate (A), and stomatal conductance (g(s))] were evaluated. Inoculation with R. tropici and R. tropici plus A. brasiliensis did not induce significant effects on yield components when compared to those of the control. (NH4)(2)SO4 did not change the performance of most quantified yield components, whereas NH4NO3 showed increases in GY, SDWY, NPP, NGP, and PW as well as in WUE. KNO3 and Ca(NO3)(2) resulted in increased performance of GY, SDWY, NPP, A, and g(s) compared to that in the control treatment and the isolated inoculant and its combination with A. brasiliensis. The amide source via urea showed the greatest increase in GY, with 56.5% more than that in the control. Londrina State Univ UEL, Dept Crop Sci, Londrina, Parana, Brazil Embrapa Soja, Dept Mineral Plant Nutr, Rodovia Carlos Joao Str S-N, Londrina, Parana, Brazil Univ Pitagoras Unopar, Dept Microbiol, Arapongas, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Forage, Aracatuba, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Forage, Aracatuba, Brazil

Published
2020

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