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2. OP0113 GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF Ro/SSA+ AND Ro/SSA-SJÖGREN’S CASES IN THE SJÖGREN’S GENETIC NETWORK (SGENE) DEMONSTRATES DIVERGENT GENETIC ARCHITECTURE IN PATIENT SUBPHENOTYPES

Author

Rasmussen, A., primary, Radziszewski, M., additional, Khatri, B., additional, Tessneer, K. L., additional, Pontarini, E., additional, Bombardieri, M., additional, Rischmueller, M., additional, Wahren-Herlenius, M., additional, Kvarnström, M., additional, Witte, T., additional, Bootsma, H., additional, Verstappen, G. M., additional, Kroese, F. G. M., additional, Vissink, A., additional, Pringle, S., additional, Tzioufas, A., additional, Mavragani, C., additional, Baer, A., additional, Alarcon-Riquelme, M., additional, Martin, J., additional, Mariette, X., additional, Nocturne, G., additional, Pers, J. O., additional, Gottenberg, J. E., additional, Ng, W. F., additional, Shiboski, C., additional, Taylor, K. E., additional, Criswell, L., additional, Warner, B. M., additional, Farris, A. D., additional, James, J. A., additional, Scofield, R. H., additional, Guthridge, J. M., additional, Wallace, D. J., additional, Venuturupali, S., additional, Brennan, M. T., additional, Imgenberg-Kreuz, J., additional, Ronnblom, L., additional, Baecklund, E., additional, Eloranta, M. L., additional, Aqrawi, L. A., additional, Palm, Ø., additional, Brun, J. G., additional, Hammenfors, D., additional, Jonsson, M. V., additional, Appel, S., additional, Bucher, S. M., additional, Forsblad-D’elia, H., additional, Mandl, T., additional, Eriksson, P., additional, Nordmark, G., additional, and Lessard, C. J., additional

Published
2024
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3. Unraveling the Landau's consistence criterion and the meaning of interpenetration in the 'Two-Fluid' Model

Author

Alonso, J. L., Ares, F., and Brun, J. L.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

In this letter we show that it is possible to unravel both the physical origin of the Landau's consistence criterion and the specific and subtle meaning of interpenetration of the "two fluids" if one takes into account that in the hydrodynamic regime one needs a coarse-graining in time to bring the system into local equilibrium. That is, the fuzziness in time is relevant for the phenomenological Landau's consistency criterion and the meaning of interpenetration. Note also that we are not questioning the validity of the "Two-Fluid" Model., Comment: 8 pages, affiliation added, typos corrected, final version published in Eur. Phys. J. B

Published
2018
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8. Prise en charge des ménorragies : recommandations pour la pratique clinique du Collège national des gynécologues et obstétriciens français (CNGOF)

Author

Brun, J.-L., Plu-Bureau, G., Huchon, C., Ah-Kit, X., Barral, M., Chauvet, P., Cornelis, F., Cortet, M., Crochet, P., Delporte, V., Dubernard, G., Giraudet, G., Gosset, A., Graesslin, O., Hugon-Rodin, J., Lecointre, L., Legendre, G., Maitrot-Mantelet, L., Marcellin, L., Miquel, L., Le Mitouard, M., Proust, C., Roquette, A., Rousset, P., Sangnier, E., Sapoval, M., Thubert, T., Torre, A., Trémollières, F., Vernhet-Kovacsik, H., Vidal, F., and Marret, H.

Published
2022
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18. The definition of Endometriosis Expert Centres

Author

Golfier, F., Chanavaz-Lacheray, I., Descamps, P., Agostini, A., Poilblanc, M., Rousset, P., Bolze, P.-A., Panel, P., Collinet, P., Hebert, T., Graesslin, O., Martigny, H., Brun, J.-L., Déchaud, H., de Malartic, C.M., Piechon, L., Wattiez, A., Chapron, C., and Daraï, E.

Published
2018
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21. Adenomiosis: diagnóstico

Author

Brun, J.-L., primary, Ah-Kit, X., additional, Levaillant, J.-M., additional, Pottier, E., additional, Marty, M., additional, and Fernandez, H., additional

Published
2023
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22. Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

Author

Halpern, BS, Halpern, BS, Boettiger, C, Dietze, MC, Gephart, JA, Gonzalez, P, Grimm, NB, Groffman, PM, Gurevitch, J, Hobbie, SE, Komatsu, KJ, Kroeker, KJ, Lahr, HJ, Lodge, DM, Lortie, CJ, Lowndes, JSS, Micheli, F, Possingham, HP, Ruckelshaus, MH, Scarborough, C, Wood, CL, Wu, GC, Aoyama, L, Arroyo, EE, Bahlai, CA, Beller, EE, Blake, RE, Bork, KS, Branch, TA, Brown, NEM, Brun, J, Bruna, EM, Buckley, LB, Burnett, JL, Castorani, MCN, Cheng, SH, Cohen, SC, Couture, JL, Crowder, LB, Dee, LE, Dias, AS, Diaz-Maroto, IJ, Downs, MR, Dudney, JC, Ellis, EC, Emery, KA, Eurich, JG, Ferriss, BE, Fredston, A, Furukawa, H, Gagné, SA, Garlick, SR, Garroway, CJ, Gaynor, KM, González, AL, Grames, EM, Guy-Haim, T, Hackett, E, Hallett, LM, Harms, TK, Haulsee, DE, Haynes, KJ, Hazen, EL, Jarvis, RM, Jones, K, Kandlikar, GS, Kincaid, DW, Knope, ML, Koirala, A, Kolasa, J, Kominoski, JS, Koricheva, J, Lancaster, LT, Lawlor, JA, Lowman, HE, Muller-Karger, FE, Norman, KEA, Nourn, N, O'Hara, CC, Ou, SX, Padilla-Gamino, JL, Pappalardo, P, Peek, RA, Pelletier, D, Plont, S, Ponisio, LC, Portales-Reyes, C, Provete, DB, Raes, EJ, Ramirez-Reyes, C, Ramos, I, Record, S, Richardson, AJ, Salguero-Gómez, R, Satterthwaite, EV, Schmidt, C, Schwartz, AJ, See, CR, Shea, BD, Smith, RS, Sokol, ER, Halpern, BS, Halpern, BS, Boettiger, C, Dietze, MC, Gephart, JA, Gonzalez, P, Grimm, NB, Groffman, PM, Gurevitch, J, Hobbie, SE, Komatsu, KJ, Kroeker, KJ, Lahr, HJ, Lodge, DM, Lortie, CJ, Lowndes, JSS, Micheli, F, Possingham, HP, Ruckelshaus, MH, Scarborough, C, Wood, CL, Wu, GC, Aoyama, L, Arroyo, EE, Bahlai, CA, Beller, EE, Blake, RE, Bork, KS, Branch, TA, Brown, NEM, Brun, J, Bruna, EM, Buckley, LB, Burnett, JL, Castorani, MCN, Cheng, SH, Cohen, SC, Couture, JL, Crowder, LB, Dee, LE, Dias, AS, Diaz-Maroto, IJ, Downs, MR, Dudney, JC, Ellis, EC, Emery, KA, Eurich, JG, Ferriss, BE, Fredston, A, Furukawa, H, Gagné, SA, Garlick, SR, Garroway, CJ, Gaynor, KM, González, AL, Grames, EM, Guy-Haim, T, Hackett, E, Hallett, LM, Harms, TK, Haulsee, DE, Haynes, KJ, Hazen, EL, Jarvis, RM, Jones, K, Kandlikar, GS, Kincaid, DW, Knope, ML, Koirala, A, Kolasa, J, Kominoski, JS, Koricheva, J, Lancaster, LT, Lawlor, JA, Lowman, HE, Muller-Karger, FE, Norman, KEA, Nourn, N, O'Hara, CC, Ou, SX, Padilla-Gamino, JL, Pappalardo, P, Peek, RA, Pelletier, D, Plont, S, Ponisio, LC, Portales-Reyes, C, Provete, DB, Raes, EJ, Ramirez-Reyes, C, Ramos, I, Record, S, Richardson, AJ, Salguero-Gómez, R, Satterthwaite, EV, Schmidt, C, Schwartz, AJ, See, CR, Shea, BD, Smith, RS, and Sokol, ER

Abstract

Synthesis research in ecology and environmental science improves understanding, advances theory, identifies research priorities, and supports management strategies by linking data, ideas, and tools. Accelerating environmental challenges increases the need to focus synthesis science on the most pressing questions. To leverage input from the broader research community, we convened a virtual workshop with participants from many countries and disciplines to examine how and where synthesis can address key questions and themes in ecology and environmental science in the coming decade. Seven priority research topics emerged: (1) diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ), (2) human and natural systems, (3) actionable and use-inspired science, (4) scale, (5) generality, (6) complexity and resilience, and (7) predictability. Additionally, two issues regarding the general practice of synthesis emerged: the need for increased participant diversity and inclusive research practices; and increased and improved data flow, access, and skill-building. These topics and practices provide a strategic vision for future synthesis in ecology and environmental science.

Published
2023

23. Open science discovery of potent noncovalent SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors.

Author

Boby, M.L., Fearon, D., Ferla, M., Filep, M., Koekemoer, L., Robinson, M.C., Chodera, J.D., Lee, A.A., London, N., Delft, A. von, Delft, F. von, Achdout, H., Aimon, A., Alonzi, D.S., Arbon, R., Aschenbrenner, J.C., Balcomb, B.H., Bar-David, E., Barr, H., Ben-Shmuel, A., Bennett, J., Bilenko, V.A., Borden, B., Boulet, P., Bowman, G.R., Brewitz, L., Brun, J., Bvnbs, S., Calmiano, M., Carbery, A., Carney, D.W., Cattermole, E., Chang, E., Chernyshenko, E., Clyde, A., Coffland, J.E., Cohen, G., Cole, J.C., Contini, A., Cox, L., Croll, T.I., Cvitkovic, M., Jonghe, S. De, Dias, A., Donckers, K., Dotson, D.L., Douangamath, A., Duberstein, S., Dudgeon, T., Dunnett, L.E., Eastman, P., Erez, N., Eyermann, C.J., Fairhead, M., Fate, G., Fedorov, O., Fernandes, R.S., Ferrins, L., Foster, R., Foster, H., Fraisse, L., Gabizon, R., García-Sastre, A., Gawriljuk, V.O., Gehrtz, P., Gileadi, C., Giroud, C., Glass, W.G., Glen, R.C., Glinert, I., Godoy, A.S., Gorichko, M., Gorrie-Stone, T., Griffen, E.J., Haneef, A., Hassell Hart, S, Heer, J., Henry, M., Hill, M., Horrell, S., Huang, Q.Y.J., Huliak, V.D., Hurley, M.F.D., Israely, T., Jajack, A., Jansen, J, Jnoff, E., Jochmans, D., John, T., Kaminow, B., Kang, L., Kantsadi, A.L., Kenny, P.W., Kiappes, J.L., Kinakh, S.O., Kovar, B., Krojer, T., La, V.N.T., Laghnimi-Hahn, S., Lefker, B.A., Levy, H., Lithgo, R.M., Logvinenko, I.G., Lukacik, P., Macdonald, H.B., MacLean, E.M., Makower, L.L., Malla, T.R., Marples, P.G., Matviiuk, T., McCorkindale, W., McGovern, B.L., Melamed, S., Melnykov, K.P., Michurin, O., Miesen, P., Mikolajek, H., Milne, B.F., Minh, D., Morris, A., Morris, G.M., Morwitzer, M.J., Moustakas, D., Mowbray, C.E., Nakamura, A.M., Neto, J.B., Neyts, J., Nguyen, L, Noske, G.D., Oleinikovas, V., Oliva, G., Overheul, G.J., Owen, C.D., Pai, R., Pan, J., Paran, N., Payne, A.M., Perry, B., Pingle, M., Pinjari, J., Politi, B., Powell, A., Pšenák, V., Pulido, I., Puni, R., Rangel, V.L., Reddi, R.N., Rees, P., Reid, S.P., Reid, L., Resnick, E., Ripka, E.G., Robinson, R.P., Rodriguez-Guerra, J., Rosales, R., Rufa, D.A., Saar, K., Saikatendu, K.S., Salah, E., Schaller, D., Scheen, J., Schiffer, C.A., Schofield, C.J., Shafeev, M., Shaikh, A., Shaqra, A.M., Shi, J., Shurrush, K., Singh, S., Sittner, A., Sjö, P., Skyner, R., Smalley, A., Smeets, B., Smilova, M.D., Solmesky, L.J., Spencer, J., Strain-Damerell, C., Swamy, V., Tamir, H., Taylor, J.C., Tennant, R.E., Thompson, W., Thompson, A., Tomásio, S., Tomlinson, C.W.E., Tsurupa, I.S., Tumber, A., Vakonakis, I., Rij, R.P. van, Vangeel, L., Varghese, F.S., Vaschetto, M., Vitner, E.B., Voelz, V., Volkamer, A., Walsh, M.A., Ward, W., Weatherall, C., Weiss, S., White, K.M., Wild, C.F., Witt, K.D., Wittmann, M., Wright, N., Yahalom-Ronen, Y., Yilmaz, N.K., Zaidmann, D., Zhang, I., Zidane, H., Zitzmann, N., Zvornicanin, S.N., Boby, M.L., Fearon, D., Ferla, M., Filep, M., Koekemoer, L., Robinson, M.C., Chodera, J.D., Lee, A.A., London, N., Delft, A. von, Delft, F. von, Achdout, H., Aimon, A., Alonzi, D.S., Arbon, R., Aschenbrenner, J.C., Balcomb, B.H., Bar-David, E., Barr, H., Ben-Shmuel, A., Bennett, J., Bilenko, V.A., Borden, B., Boulet, P., Bowman, G.R., Brewitz, L., Brun, J., Bvnbs, S., Calmiano, M., Carbery, A., Carney, D.W., Cattermole, E., Chang, E., Chernyshenko, E., Clyde, A., Coffland, J.E., Cohen, G., Cole, J.C., Contini, A., Cox, L., Croll, T.I., Cvitkovic, M., Jonghe, S. De, Dias, A., Donckers, K., Dotson, D.L., Douangamath, A., Duberstein, S., Dudgeon, T., Dunnett, L.E., Eastman, P., Erez, N., Eyermann, C.J., Fairhead, M., Fate, G., Fedorov, O., Fernandes, R.S., Ferrins, L., Foster, R., Foster, H., Fraisse, L., Gabizon, R., García-Sastre, A., Gawriljuk, V.O., Gehrtz, P., Gileadi, C., Giroud, C., Glass, W.G., Glen, R.C., Glinert, I., Godoy, A.S., Gorichko, M., Gorrie-Stone, T., Griffen, E.J., Haneef, A., Hassell Hart, S, Heer, J., Henry, M., Hill, M., Horrell, S., Huang, Q.Y.J., Huliak, V.D., Hurley, M.F.D., Israely, T., Jajack, A., Jansen, J, Jnoff, E., Jochmans, D., John, T., Kaminow, B., Kang, L., Kantsadi, A.L., Kenny, P.W., Kiappes, J.L., Kinakh, S.O., Kovar, B., Krojer, T., La, V.N.T., Laghnimi-Hahn, S., Lefker, B.A., Levy, H., Lithgo, R.M., Logvinenko, I.G., Lukacik, P., Macdonald, H.B., MacLean, E.M., Makower, L.L., Malla, T.R., Marples, P.G., Matviiuk, T., McCorkindale, W., McGovern, B.L., Melamed, S., Melnykov, K.P., Michurin, O., Miesen, P., Mikolajek, H., Milne, B.F., Minh, D., Morris, A., Morris, G.M., Morwitzer, M.J., Moustakas, D., Mowbray, C.E., Nakamura, A.M., Neto, J.B., Neyts, J., Nguyen, L, Noske, G.D., Oleinikovas, V., Oliva, G., Overheul, G.J., Owen, C.D., Pai, R., Pan, J., Paran, N., Payne, A.M., Perry, B., Pingle, M., Pinjari, J., Politi, B., Powell, A., Pšenák, V., Pulido, I., Puni, R., Rangel, V.L., Reddi, R.N., Rees, P., Reid, S.P., Reid, L., Resnick, E., Ripka, E.G., Robinson, R.P., Rodriguez-Guerra, J., Rosales, R., Rufa, D.A., Saar, K., Saikatendu, K.S., Salah, E., Schaller, D., Scheen, J., Schiffer, C.A., Schofield, C.J., Shafeev, M., Shaikh, A., Shaqra, A.M., Shi, J., Shurrush, K., Singh, S., Sittner, A., Sjö, P., Skyner, R., Smalley, A., Smeets, B., Smilova, M.D., Solmesky, L.J., Spencer, J., Strain-Damerell, C., Swamy, V., Tamir, H., Taylor, J.C., Tennant, R.E., Thompson, W., Thompson, A., Tomásio, S., Tomlinson, C.W.E., Tsurupa, I.S., Tumber, A., Vakonakis, I., Rij, R.P. van, Vangeel, L., Varghese, F.S., Vaschetto, M., Vitner, E.B., Voelz, V., Volkamer, A., Walsh, M.A., Ward, W., Weatherall, C., Weiss, S., White, K.M., Wild, C.F., Witt, K.D., Wittmann, M., Wright, N., Yahalom-Ronen, Y., Yilmaz, N.K., Zaidmann, D., Zhang, I., Zidane, H., Zitzmann, N., and Zvornicanin, S.N.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, We report the results of the COVID Moonshot, a fully open-science, crowdsourced, and structure-enabled drug discovery campaign targeting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease. We discovered a noncovalent, nonpeptidic inhibitor scaffold with lead-like properties that is differentiated from current main protease inhibitors. Our approach leveraged crowdsourcing, machine learning, exascale molecular simulations, and high-throughput structural biology and chemistry. We generated a detailed map of the structural plasticity of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, extensive structure-activity relationships for multiple chemotypes, and a wealth of biochemical activity data. All compound designs (>18,000 designs), crystallographic data (>490 ligand-bound x-ray structures), assay data (>10,000 measurements), and synthesized molecules (>2400 compounds) for this campaign were shared rapidly and openly, creating a rich, open, and intellectual property-free knowledge base for future anticoronavirus drug discovery.

Published
2023

31. Comparison of the Responses of New Reduced-Size Calorimetric Cells Made of Different Structure Materials for High Energy Deposition

Author

Volte A., Reynard-Carette C., Lyoussi A., Brun J., and Carette M.

Subjects
calorimeter, nuclear dose rate, on-line measurements, calibration, irradiation campaign, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

This paper concerns experimental and numerical works on a new differential calorimeter called CALORRE and validated recently under irradiation conditions in MARIA reactor at low nuclear absorbed dose rate level. Works focus on a specific configuration of CALORRE which was designed especially for the measurement of high nuclear energy deposition rates inside Material Testing Reactors. Due to the high level, a new calibration system was fabricated in order to determine the response of the new configuration under laboratory conditions for a very wide range of electrical power never applied in the literature. The response of the new configuration can be considered linear for this very wide range of electrical power. An analytical calculation shows the contribution of each heat transfer in specific zones. 3D thermal simulations performed by means of COMSOL Multiphysics under irradiation conditions give the predictions of the calorimeter behavior under real conditions (up to 20W.g−1).

Published
2020
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32. Nutritional programming of hepatic metabolism in mule duck: zootechnical data

Author

Bodin, L., primary, Sécula, A., additional, Chapuis, H., additional, Cornuez, A., additional, Bernadet, M-D., additional, Cobo, E., additional, Barrieu, J., additional, Martin, X., additional, Manse, H., additional, Lessire, M., additional, Mercerand, F., additional, Le Bourhis, M-C., additional, Brun, J-M., additional, Bonnefont, C., additional, and Morisson, M., additional

Published
2022
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42. Childhood-onset of primary Sjögren’s syndrome: phenotypic characterization at diagnosis of 158 children

Author

Ramos-Casals, M., Acar-Denizli, N., Vissink, A., Brito-Zeron, P., Li, X., Carubbi, F., Priori, R., Toplak, N., Baldini, C., Faugier-Fuentes, E., Kruize, A. A., Mandl, T., Tomiita, M., Gandolfo, S., Hashimoto, K., Hernandez-Molina, G., Hofauer, B., Mendieta-Zeron, S., Rasmussen, A., Sandhya, P., Sene, D., Trevisani, V. F. M., Isenberg, D., Sundberg, E., Pasoto, S. G., Sebastian, A., Suzuki, Y., Retamozo, S., Xu, B., Giacomelli, R., Gattamelata, A., Bizjak, M., Bombardieri, S., Loor-Chavez, R. -E., Hinrichs, A., Olsson, P., Bootsma, H., Lieberman, S. M., Kostov, B., Horvath, I. -F., Szanto, A., Seror, R., Mariette, X., Kvarnstrom, M., Wahren-Herlenius, M., Praprotnik, S., Solans, R., Nordmark, G., Hammenfors, D., Brun, J. G., Gheita, T. A., Atzeni, F., Armagan, B., Kilic, L., Kalyoncu, U., Nakamura, T., Takagi, Y., Consani, S., Solorzano, F. O., Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR), Personalized Healthcare Technology (PHT), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Estadística i Investigació Operativa, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ADBD - Anàlisi de Dades Complexes per a les Decisions Empresarials

Subjects
Male, Systemic disease, Anti-nuclear antibody, Epidemiology, Autoimmune diseases, Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica aplicada a les ciències [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Disease, Severity of Illness Index, Parotid Gland, Medicine, CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA, Pharmacology (medical), Registries, Age of Onset, biology, 92 Biology and other natural sciences::92B Mathematical biology in general [Classificació AMS], Dry eyes, Phenotype, Sjogren's syndrome, Female, epidemiology, Antibody, medicine.symptom, PAROTITIS, medicine.medical_specialty, Biomatemàtica, Adolescent, 62 Statistics::62D05 Sampling theory, sample surveys [Classificació AMS], Childhood, Paediatrics, Humans, Sjogren's Syndrome, paediatrics, AGE, Rheumatology, Peripheral nerve, Rheumatoid factor, autoimmune diseases, Sampling (Statistics), Primary Sjögren Syndrome, childhood, Biomathematics, Matemàtiques i estadística::Estadística aplicada::Estadística biosanitària [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], business.industry, CLINICAL-FEATURES, medicine.disease, Dry mouth, Dermatology, stomatognathic diseases, biology.protein, Sjogren’s syndrome, CONSENSUS, business, Mostreig (Estadística), Parotitis
Abstract

Objectives To characterize the phenotypic presentation at diagnosis of childhood-onset primary SS. Methods The Big Data Sjögren Project Consortium is an international, multicentre registry using worldwide data-sharing cooperative merging of pre-existing clinical SS databases from the five continents. For this study, we selected those patients in whom the disease was diagnosed below the age of 19 years according to the fulfilment of the 2002/2016 classification criteria. Results Among the 12 083 patients included in the Sjögren Big Data Registry, 158 (1.3%) patients had a childhood-onset diagnosis (136 girls, mean age of 14.2 years): 126 (80%) reported dry mouth, 111 (70%) dry eyes, 52 (33%) parotid enlargement, 118/122 (97%) positive minor salivary gland biopsy and 60/64 (94%) abnormal salivary US study, 140/155 (90%) positive ANA, 138/156 (89%) anti-Ro/La antibodies and 86/142 (68%) positive RF. The systemic EULAR Sjögren’s syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) domains containing the highest frequencies of active patients included the glandular (47%), articular (26%) and lymphadenopathy (25%) domains. Patients with childhood-onset primary SS showed the highest mean ESSDAI score and the highest frequencies of systemic disease in 5 (constitutional, lymphadenopathy, glandular, cutaneous and haematological) of the 12 ESSDAI domains, and the lowest frequencies in 4 (articular, pulmonary, peripheral nerve and CNS) in comparison with patients with adult-onset disease. Conclusions Childhood-onset primary SS involves around 1% of patients with primary SS, with a clinical phenotype dominated by sicca features, parotid enlargement and systemic disease. Age at diagnosis plays a key role in modulating the phenotypic expression of the disease.

Published
2021

43. Hamilton's Principle for Beginners

Author

Brun, J. L.

Abstract

I find that students have difficulty with Hamilton's principle, at least the first time they come into contact with it, and therefore it is worth designing some examples to help students grasp its complex meaning. This paper supplies the simplest example to consolidate the learning of the quoted principle: that of a free particle moving along a line. Next, students are challenged to add gravity to reinforce the argument and, finally, a two-dimensional motion in a vertical plane is considered. Furthermore these examples force us to be very clear about such an abstract principle. (Contains 2 figures.)

Published
2007
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44. Treatment in hospital for alcohol-dependent patients decreases attentional bias

Author

Flaudias V, Brousse G, de Chazeron I, Planche F, Brun J, and Llorca PM

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Valentin Flaudias,1,2 Georges Brousse,1,2 Ingrid De Chazeron,1,2 François Planche,2 Julien Brun,2 Pierre-Michel Llorca1,2 1Clermont Université, EA 7280 NPsy-Sydo, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 2Pôle Psychiatrie B, CHU Gabriel-Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France Background and objectives: Previous studies in alcohol-dependent patients have shown an attentional bias (AB) under related substance cues, which can lead to relapse. This AB can be evaluated by the alcohol Stroop test (AST). The AST is a modified Stroop task in which participants have to name the color of an alcohol-related word or a neutral word. AB is the response-time difference between these two types of words. The goal of the current study was to examine modification of AB during specialized hospitalization for alcohol dependence, with the suppression of a training bias that could be present in within-subject design. Methods: Individuals with alcohol-dependence disorders (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition) and admitted for withdrawal in the addiction unit of the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (test group, n = 42) and persons with no alcohol or psychiatric disorder (control group, n = 16), recruited among colleagues and friends of the staff, performed the AST. A subgroup of the test group performed the AST in admission (admission group, n = 19), and another subgroup undertook the test immediately before discharge (discharge group, n = 23). Results: Results showed an AB only for patients seen at admission (F[1,55] = 3.283, P = 0.075). Moreover, we observed that the AB in the admission group (mean = 34 ms, standard deviation [SD] = 70.06) was greater than the AB in the control group (mean = 23 ms, SD = 93.42), itself greater than the AB in the discharge group (mean = −12 ms, SD = 93.55) (t[55] = −1.71; P = 0.09). Conclusion: Although the results are preliminary, the present study provides evidence for changes in the AB during alcohol-addiction treatment and for the value of these methods to diminish AB during detoxification. Keywords: alcohol Stroop test, addiction, attentional bias

Published
2013

50. Random walk diffusion simulations in semi-permeable layered media with varying diffusivity

Author

Alemany, Ignasi, Rose, Jan N., Garnier-Brun, J��r��me, Scott, Andrew D., Doorly, Denis J., and British Heart Foundation

Subjects
Diffusion, Multidisciplinary, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Heart, Medical Physics (physics.med-ph), Physics - Biological Physics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

In this paper we present random walk based solutions to diffusion in semi-permeable layered media with varying diffusivity. We propose a novel transit model for solving the interaction of random walkers with a membrane. This hybrid model is based on treating the membrane permeability and the step change in diffusion coefficient as two interactions separated by an infinitesimally small layer. By conducting an extensive analytical flux analysis, the performance of our hybrid model is compared with a commonly used membrane transit model (reference model). Numerical simulations demonstrate the limitations of the reference model in dealing with step changes in diffusivity and show the capability of the hybrid model to overcome this limitation and to offer substantial gains in computational efficiency. The suitability of both random walk transit models for the application to simulations of diffusion tensor cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DT-CMR) imaging is assessed in a histology-based domain relevant to DT-CMR. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of the new hybrid model for other possible applications, we also consider a larger range of permeabilities beyond those commonly found in biological tissues.

Published
2022

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