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2. Emergency Nurses’ Well-Being in Magnet Hospitals and Recommendations for Improvements in Work Environments: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Author

Aiken, L.H., McHugh, M.D., Cleary, M., Ley, C., Borchardt, C.J., Brant, J.M., Turner, B.L., Leimberger, A.E., Waterman, K., Coleman, B.L., Albert, N.M., Stewart, C., Steele, D., Kaplow, R., Kaminsky, K., Hinkle, H.A., Besa, R.D., Taylor, K.P., Graboso, R., Dimino, K., Searle-Leach, L., Albritton, S., Davidson, C.L., Carrigan, T., Burke, D.A., Anthony, K.R., Kowalski, M.O., Rounds, M., Tudor, J.M., Griffis, L., Vassallo, L.M., Mulligan, M., Macyk, I., Manley-Cullen, C., Haberman, A.E., Hutchinson, S.L., Barnard, A.L., Gobel, B., McMahon, D.L., Brown, M.J., Strack, L., Emmerling, S.A., Coladonato, A.R., Reich, J.A., Gavaghan, J.J., Vanek, F.D., Ballinghoff, J.R., Book, K.A., Easter, K., Seaman, P.B., Lough, M.E., Benson, C.L., Ducharme, M., Quinn, Paul, Molyneaux, D.M., Kennedy, L., Grochow, D., Nyheim, E., Purcell, S.M., Hanrahan, K., Isaacs, K.B., Whade, J.J., Turnbach, Elise, Coates, Lindsey, Vanek, Florence D., Cotter, Emma, Pogue, Colleen A., Clark, Rebecca R.S., and Aiken, Linda H.

Published
2024
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7. Layered soils in the shallow subsurface (<6.0 m), North Sea; a data report

Author

Coombs, W.M., Bird, R.E., Augarde, C.E., Brown, M.J., Sharif, Y.U., Arnhardt, R., Johnson, K.R., Carter, G.D.O., Macdonald, C., Coombs, W.M., Bird, R.E., Augarde, C.E., Brown, M.J., Sharif, Y.U., Arnhardt, R., Johnson, K.R., Carter, G.D.O., and Macdonald, C.

Abstract

The Carbon Trust (2015) “Cable Burial Risk Assessment (CBRA) Methodology” document is widely used in the offshore subsea cable industry to define the cable burial Depth of Lowering (DoL). To-date, published work on anchor penetration depths has focused on single homogeneous soil units, offering limited information on the response of different soil layering combinations, and associated contrasting geotechnical properties between soil units. By interrogating >11,000 shallow cores from the entire UK North Sea area, we demonstrate that “layered” soil combinations (e.g., “sand over clay”) are statistically common across the North Sea study area. The results also highlight the importance of updating current CBRA approaches to include “layered” soils, and associated changes in geotechnical properties (e.g., strength and density) between single and layered soil units. In addition, we collated geotechnical data for input into physical and numerical modelling under-taken by the University of Dundee and Durham University respectively (see Sharif et al., 2023; Bird et al., 2023 a, b), to assess the implications for the current CBRA Methodology. Ultimately the goal is to create a new CPT-based tool for better constraining the DoL, as part of the EPSRC research grant “Offshore Cable Burial: How deep is deep enough?”.

Published
2024

14. Emergency Nurses’ Well-Being in Magnet Hospitals and Recommendations for Improvements in Work Environments: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Author

Turnbach, Elise, primary, Coates, Lindsey, additional, Vanek, Florence D., additional, Cotter, Emma, additional, Pogue, Colleen A., additional, Clark, Rebecca R.S., additional, Aiken, Linda H., additional, Aiken, L.H., additional, McHugh, M.D., additional, Cleary, M., additional, Ley, C., additional, Borchardt, C.J., additional, Brant, J.M., additional, Turner, B.L., additional, Leimberger, A.E., additional, Waterman, K., additional, Coleman, B.L., additional, Albert, N.M., additional, Stewart, C., additional, Steele, D., additional, Kaplow, R., additional, Kaminsky, K., additional, Hinkle, H.A., additional, Besa, R.D., additional, Taylor, K.P., additional, Graboso, R., additional, Dimino, K., additional, Searle-Leach, L., additional, Albritton, S., additional, Davidson, C.L., additional, Carrigan, T., additional, Burke, D.A., additional, Anthony, K.R., additional, Kowalski, M.O., additional, Rounds, M., additional, Tudor, J.M., additional, Griffis, L., additional, Vassallo, L.M., additional, Mulligan, M., additional, Macyk, I., additional, Manley-Cullen, C., additional, Haberman, A.E., additional, Hutchinson, S.L., additional, Barnard, A.L., additional, Gobel, B., additional, McMahon, D.L., additional, Brown, M.J., additional, Strack, L., additional, Emmerling, S.A., additional, Coladonato, A.R., additional, Reich, J.A., additional, Gavaghan, J.J., additional, Vanek, F.D., additional, Ballinghoff, J.R., additional, Book, K.A., additional, Easter, K., additional, Seaman, P.B., additional, Lough, M.E., additional, Benson, C.L., additional, Ducharme, M., additional, Quinn, Paul, additional, Molyneaux, D.M., additional, Kennedy, L., additional, Grochow, D., additional, Nyheim, E., additional, Purcell, S.M., additional, Hanrahan, K., additional, Isaacs, K.B., additional, and Whade, J.J., additional

Published
2023
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15. Using sub-daily precipitation for grid-based hydrological modelling across Great Britain: assessing model performance and comparing flood impacts under climate change

Author

Kay, A.L., Brown, M.J., Kay, A.L., and Brown, M.J.

Abstract

•Study region: Great Britain. •Study focus: National-scale grid-based hydrological models are usually run at fine spatial and temporal resolutions, but driving data are often not available at the required resolutions. Here, a recent observation-based hourly 1 km gridded precipitation dataset is applied with a 1 km hydrological model to simulate daily mean river flows. Performance is compared to use of equally-disaggregated and profile-disaggregated daily data, for a large number of catchments. Hourly and daily precipitation from a high-resolution convection-permitting climate model (CPM) are then used to drive the hydrological model for baseline (1980–2000) and future (2060–2080) periods, to investigate differences in potential peak flow changes. •New hydrological insights: On average, use of observation-based hourly data provides a clear improvement over equally-disaggregated daily data for high flows and peak flow bias, a small improvement for average flows and mean flow bias, but little difference for low flows. Performance in faster-responding catchments typically improves more; performance in some catchments degrades. Use of profile-disaggregated daily data provides the small mean flow bias improvement and some peak flow bias improvement, but other factors degrade. On average, future changes in peak flows from hourly CPM precipitation are only slightly larger than from equally-disaggregated daily data. Future work will look at simulation of hourly mean flows.

Published
2023

20. Cone Penetration Tests (CPTs) in layered soils: a Material Point approach

Author

Bird, R.E., Coombs, W.M., Augarde, C.E., Brown, M.J., Sharif, Y., Carter, G., Johnson, K., Macdonald, C., Zdravkovic, L, Kontoe, S, Taborda DMG, and Tsiampousi A

Abstract

Cone Penetration Tests (CPTs) can be used to determine in-situ soil properties and represent a practical choice for site investigation offshore, especially for linear infrastructure, such as offshore wind export cables. Information gained from CPTs is key for predicting soil-structure interaction behaviour, for example when predicting the tow forces involved in seabed ploughing, as the CPT provides an analogue to the process. The numerical modelling of CPTs is challenging due to the significant distortion in the soil displaced by the penetrating cone. This means that solving this sort of problem using finite elements, although not impossible, is numerically tiresome in terms of remeshing and mapping of state variables. Therefore, in this paper we adopt the Material Point Method (MPM) to develop a CPT prediction tool in layered soils. This MPM is combined with a novel non-matching mesh frictional boundary to represent the penetrometer. The developed tool will be used to understand the response of layered soils commonly found offshore as a step towards predicting the interaction of ploughs and anchors with the seabed.

Published
2023

22. Social support, internalized HIV stigma, resilience and depression among people living with HIV: A moderated mediation analysis

Author

Brown, M.J., Gao, C., Kaur, A., Qiao, S., Li, X., Brown, M.J., Gao, C., Kaur, A., Qiao, S., and Li, X.

Abstract

12 september 2022, Item does not contain fulltext, Internalized HIV stigma has been associated with depression among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, it is still unclear whether resilience would mediate the association between internalized HIV stigma and depression and how this indirect effect would be moderated by social support. Data were collected from 402 PLWH in South Carolina using a cross-sectional survey. Data were fitted using a path model that specified the extent to which internalized HIV stigma and depression were related through resilience and how this effect was moderated by social support. Sociodemographic characteristics were included in the model as covariates. The indirect effect of internalized HIV stigma on depression through resilience was statistically significant for high social support but not for low social support. To mitigate negative impacts of internalized HIV stigma on mental health of PLWH, intervention efforts should integrate multilevel components for promoting both resilience and social support.

Published
2022

27. Vertical capacity of grillage foundations in sand

Author

Bransby, M.F., Brown, M.J., Knappett, J.A., Hudacsek, P., Morgan, N., Cathie, D., Maconochie, A., Yun, G., Ripley, A.G., Brown, N., and Egborge, R.

Subjects
Ocean engineering -- Analysis, Earth sciences
Abstract

Grillage foundations may be chosen as an alternative to standard shallow offshore foundations owing to their improved hydrodynamic performance during installation. They consist of a mesh of vertical grilles that penetrate the seabed. During vertical loading, the capacity of a conventional surface foundation may be obtained from grillage foundations if sufficient penetration is permissible. In this paper, a series of laboratory tests is reported to investigate the performance of grillage foundations in sand with different spacing, grille thickness, and numbers of grilles. The load-displacement results are examined in detail and compared with a previously proposed analytical solution. It is shown that the analytical solution captures the key aspects of the foundation's performance if minor improvements are made to the analysis. It is proposed that the improved analytical solution may form the basis of future design. In addition, intergrille plugging behaviour similar to that observed for open-ended piles has been examined photographically. Key words: footings-foundations, offshore engineering, laboratory testing, sand. Des fondations en grillage peuvent etre selectionnees comme alternative aux fondations en mer peu profonde typiques, en raison de leur meilleure performance hydrodynamique lors de l'installation. Ces fondations consistent en un grillage vertical penetrant le fond marin. Avec suffisamment de penetration, les fondations en grillage peuvent atteindre la capacite en chargement vertical des fondations de surface conventionnelles. Dans cet article, les resultats d'une serie d'essais en laboratoire sont presentes. L'etude visait a evaluer la performance de fondations en grillage dans du sable en variant l'espacement, l'epaisseur des grilles et le nombre de grilles. Les resultats en termes de charge-deplacement sont examines en details et compares a une solution analytique proposee precedemment. Il est demontre que la solution analytique reproduit les aspects cles de la performance de la fondation suite a des ajustements mineurs effectues sur l'analyse. Il est suggere d'utiliser la solution analytique amelioree comme base pour les conceptions futures. De plus, le colmatage inter-grille, similaire au comportement observe pour des pieux a bout ouvert, a ete examine a l'aide de photographies. Mots-cles : semelles-fondations, ingenierie en mer, essai en laboratoire, sable. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Shallow foundations are popular for installing offshore infrastructure on the seabed. Bransby et al. (2011) recently described a novel type of shallow foundation--a grillage--that may offer substantial benefits for [...]

Published
2011
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28. Properties of the wind field within the Oklahoma City Park Avenue Street Canyon. Part II: spectra, cospectra, and quadrant analyses

Author

Nelson, M.A., Pardyjak, E.R., Brown, M.J., and Klewicki, J.C.

Subjects
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma -- Environmental aspects, Urban climatology -- Research, Wind shear -- Measurement, Earth sciences
Abstract

Velocity data were obtained within Park Avenue in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, using three-dimensional sonic anemometers under unstable atmospheric conditions. These data are used to produce velocity spectra, cospectra, and weighted joint probability density functions at various heights and horizontal locations in the street canyon. This analysis has helped to describe a number of physically interesting urban flow phenomena. Previous research has shown that the ratio of Reynolds shear stresses to normal stresses is typically much smaller deep within the canopy than those ratios found at the top of canopy and in the roughness sublayer. The turbulence in this region exhibits significant contributions to all four quadrants of a weighted joint-probability density function of horizontal and vertical velocity fluctuations, yielding the characteristic small Reynolds shear stresses in the flow. The velocity cospectra measured at the base of the canopy show evidence of discrete frequency bands of both positive and negative correlation that yield a small correlation, as indicated by the Reynolds shear stresses. Two major peaks were often observed in the spectra and cospectra: a low-frequency peak that appears to be associated with vortex shedding off the buildings and a midfrequency peak generally associated with canyon geometry. The low-frequency peak was found to produce a countergradient contribution to the along-wind vertical velocity covariance. Standard spectral tests for local isotropy indicate that isotropic conditions occur at different frequencies depending on spatial location, demonstrating the need to be thorough when testing for local isotropy with the urban canopy.

Published
2007

29. Properties of the wind field within the Oklahoma City Park Avenue Street Canyon. Part I: mean flow and turbulence statistics

Author

Nelson, M.A., Pardyjak, E.R., Klewicki, J.C., Pol, S.U., and Brown, M.J.

Subjects
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma -- Environmental aspects, Air flow -- Observations, Atmospheric turbulence -- Evaluation, Earth sciences
Abstract

Velocity data were obtained from sonic anemometer measurements within an east-west-running street canyon located in the urban core of Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, during the Joint Urban 2003 field campaign. These data were used to explore the directional dependence of the mean flow and turbulence within a real-world street canyon. The along-canyon vortex that is a key characteristic of idealized street canyon studies was not evident in the mean wind data, although the sensor placement was not optimized for the detection of such structures. Instead, surface wind measurements imply that regions of horizontal convergence and divergence exist within the canopy, which are likely caused by taller buildings diverting the winds aloft down into the canopy. The details of these processes appear to be dependent on relatively small perturbations in the prevailing wind direction. Turbulence intensities within the canyon interior appeared to have more dependence on prevailing wind direction than they did in the intersections. Turbulence in the intersections tended to be higher than was observed in the canyon interior. This behavior implies that there are some fundamental differences between the flow structure found in North American-style cities where building heights are typically heterogeneous and that found in European-style cities, which generally have more homogeneous building heights. It is hypothesized that the greater three-dimensionality caused by the heterogeneous building heights increases the ventilation of the urban canopy through mean advective transport as well as enhanced turbulence.

Published
2007

30. Forecasting extreme stratospheric polar vortex events

Author

Gray, L.J., Brown, M.J., Knight, J., Andrews, M., Lu, H., O’Reilly, C., Anstey, J., Gray, L.J., Brown, M.J., Knight, J., Andrews, M., Lu, H., O’Reilly, C., and Anstey, J.

Abstract

Extreme polar vortex events known as sudden stratospheric warmings can influence surface winter weather conditions, but their timing is difficult to predict. Here, we examine factors that influence their occurrence, with a focus on their timing and vertical extent. We consider the roles of the troposphere and equatorial stratosphere separately, using a split vortex event in January 2009 as the primary case study. This event cannot be reproduced by constraining wind and temperatures in the troposphere alone, even when the equatorial lower stratosphere is in the correct phase of the quasi biennial oscillation. When the flow in the equatorial upper stratosphere is also constrained, the timing and spatial evolution of the vortex event is captured remarkably well. This highlights an influence from this region previously unrecognised by the seasonal forecast community. We suggest that better representation of the flow in this region is likely to improve predictability of extreme polar vortex events and hence their associated impacts at the surface.

Published
2020

36. Centrifuge testing to verify scaling of offshore pipeline ploughs

Author

Robinson, S., Brown, M.J., Matsui, H., Brennan, A., Augarde, C.E., Coombs, W.M., and Cortis, M.

Abstract

Offshore pipeline ploughs have previously been modelled at 1g with small 1:50 scale models designed to derive the parameters required for prediction of ploughing in terms of tow force requirements and potential advance rates. This was scaled up to prototype with the validity of the scaling verified through ‘modelling of models’ and with comparison to typical prototype tow forces but without direct validation. To allow further validation, a long centrifuge box and actuation system was developed for use on a medium-sized beam centrifuge. Previous approaches to 1g ploughing were also improved through the use of micro-electro-mechanical systems accelerometers and new low-cost surface scanning techniques. A wide range of ploughing velocities were explored through increasing actuation speeds and the use of pore fluids of different viscosities. The study has shown that although there may be initial concerns over low effective stress scaling issues at 1g, in shallow problems with small-scale models, the large deformation nature of the ploughing problem can be replicated with appropriate scaling. This allows the use of 1g modelling for more efficient parametric studies for this application and has given further confidence to performance parameters for prototype modelling derived from 1g and centrifuge studies.

Published
2019

39. Combining cottage cheese whey and straw reduces erosion while increasing infiltration in furrow irrigation

Author

Brown, M.J., Robbins, C.W., and Freeborn, L.L.

Subjects
Sediment control -- Research -- Environmental aspects, Straw -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Soil conservation -- Research -- Environmental aspects, Soil erosion -- Prevention -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Whey products -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Runoff -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Environmental issues, Prevention, Research, Environmental aspects
Abstract

Cottage cheese whey production in the United States exceeded 370,000 metric tons during 1990-1991 (U.S. Crop Reporting Board 1992). Approximately nine metric tons of whey results from the production of [...]

Published
1998

42. Implications of volume loss on the seismic response of tunnels in coarse-grained soils

Author

Kampas, G., Knappett, J.A., Brown, M.J., Anastasopoulos, I., Nikitas, N., Fuentes, R., Kampas, G., Knappett, J.A., Brown, M.J., Anastasopoulos, I., Nikitas, N., and Fuentes, R.

Abstract

This paper examines the seismic response of a “horseshoe–shaped” tunnel, inspired from a recently constructed Metro tunnel in Santiago, Chile. A FE analysis is conducted, investigating the effect of soil density, apparent cohesion, the interface between the tunnel and the surrounding soil, the intensity of the seismic excitation and the effect of volume loss due to tunnel construction on the seismic behaviour of tunnels. The presence of apparent cohesion leads to a reduction of tunnel distress and to smaller post-earthquake ground settlements over a reduced distance from the tunnel. The consideration of volume loss does not significantly affect the acceleration field around the tunnel, but does beneficially decrease the lining forces. Furthermore, although it leads to an increase of the pre-earthquake settlements, it is found to decrease the co-seismic settlements. Finally, it was found that the most conservative model regarding the design detailing of the tunnel lining would be considering a rough interface, zero cohesion, and negligible volume loss (i.e., an ideally-excavated tunnel).

Published
2019

43. Magnetic shielding by Y1Ba2Cu3O(7-delta) thick films

Author

Opie, D.B., Read, M.E., Remillard, S.K., Brown, M.J., Kossler, W.J., Schone, H.E., Button, T.W., and McAlford, N.

Subjects
Magnetic shielding -- Research, Thick films -- Usage, Superconductivity -- Research, Yttrium barium copper oxides -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The Bean critical state model is employed to derive the magnetic shielding behavior of yttrium-barium-copper-oxide thick films. The model, which was used with a finite element program that characterized the superconductor in terms of an applied magnetic field. Its results are contrasted to measurements performed on Y1Ba2Cu3O(7-delta) films at temperatures from 12 K to its transition temperature.

Published
1993

46. Imhoff cone determination of sediment in irrigation runoff

Author

Sojka, R.E., Carter, D.L., and Brown, M.J.

Subjects
Soil erosion -- Research, Irrigation -- Research, Sediment, Suspended -- Measurement, Earth sciences
Abstract

Determination of the sediment load in irrigation runoff using Imhoff cones showed good correlation with actual sediment concentration for the eight soils tested. Furrow wheel traffic affected the calibration of volume versus weight of suspended sediment. Salts in the irrigation water could affect the slope of field-calibration lines as compared to laboratory calibration using distilled water. The Imhoff cone method is suitable for rapid assaying of sediment load when these concentrations exceed 1.0 gm/L.

Published
1992

49. Erratum to: Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits

Author

Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Warren, H. (Helen), Mosen-Ansorena, D. (David), Mifsud, B. (Borbala), Pazoki, R. (Raha), Gao, H. (He), Ntritsos, G. (Georgios), Dimou, N. (Niki), Cabrera, C.P. (Claudia P.), Karaman, I. (Ibrahim), Ng, F.L. (Fu Liang), Evangelou, M. (Marina), Witkowska, K. (Katarzyna), Tzanis, E. (Evan), Hellwege, J.N. (Jacklyn N.), Giri, A. (Ayush), Velez Edwards, D.R. (Digna R.), Sun, Y.V. (Yan V.), Cho, K. (Kelly), Gaziano, J.M. (J. Michael), Wilson, P.W.F. (Peter W. F.), Tsao, P.S. (Philip S.), Kovesdy, C.P. (Csaba P.), Esko, T. (Tonu), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Milani, L. (Lili), Almgren, P. (Peter), Boutin, T. (Thibaud), Debette, S. (Stéphanie), Ding, J. (Jun), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Holliday, E.G. (Elizabeth), Jackson, A.U. (Anne), Li-Gao, R. (Ruifang), Lin, W.-Y. (Wei-Yu), Luan, J., Mangino, M. (Massimo), Oldmeadow, C. (Christopher), Prins, B.P. (Bram Peter), Qian, Y. (Yong), Sargurupremraj, M. (Muralidharan), Shah, N. (Nisha), Surendran, P. (Praveen), Thériault, S. (Sébastien), Verweij, N. (Niek), Willems, S.M. (Sara), Zhao, J.-H. (Jing-Hua), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Connell, J. (John), Mutsert, R. (Reneé) de, Doney, A.S.F. (Alex), Farrall, M. (Martin), Menni, C. (Cristina), Morris, A.D. (Andrew), Noordam, R. (Raymond), Pare, G. (Guillame), Poulter, N.R. (Neil), Shields, D.C. (Denis C.), Stanton, A. (Alice), McG Thom, S.A., Abecasis, G. (Gonçalo), Amin, N. (Najaf), Arking, D.E. (Dan), Ayers, K.L. (Kristin), Barbieri, C.M. (Caterina M.), Batini, C. (Chiara), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Blake, T. (Tineka), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Bottinger, E.P. (Erwin P.), Braund, P.S. (Peter), Brumat, M. (Marco), Campbell, A. (Archie), Campbell, H. (Harry), Chakravarti, A. (Aravinda), Chambers, J.C. (John C.), Chauhan, G. (Ganesh), Ciullo, M. (Marina), Cocca, M. (Massimiliano), Collins, F. (Francis), Cordell, H.J. (Heather), Davies, G. (Gail), de Borst, M.H. (Martin H.), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Deary, I.J. (Ian), Deelen, J. (Joris), Del Greco M, F. (Fabiola), Demirkale, C.Y. (Cumhur Yusuf), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Ehret, G.B. (Georg B.), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Enroth, S. (Stefan), Erzurumluoglu, A.M. (A. Mesut), Ferreira, T. (Teresa), Frånberg, M. (Mattias), Franco, O.H. (Oscar), Gandin, I. (Ilaria), Gasparini, P. (Paolo), Giedraitis, V. (Vilmantas), Gieger, C. (Christian), Girotto, G. (Giorgia), Goel, A. (Anuj), Gow, A.J. (Alan J.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Harris, T.B. (Tamara), Harris, S.E. (Sarah), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina A.), Havulinna, A.S. (Aki), Hicks, A.A. (Andrew A.), Hofer, E. (Edith), Hofman, A. (Albert), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Huffman, J.E. (Jennifer E.), Hwang, S.-J. (Shih-Jen), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), James, A. (Alan), Jansen, R. (Rick), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Johansson, A. (Åsa), Johnson, A.D. (Andrew), Joshi, P.K. (Peter K.), Jousilahti, P. (Pekka), Jukema, J.W. (Jan Wouter), Jula, A. (Antti), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Keavney, B.D. (Bernard D.), Khaw, K.-T. (Kay-Tee), Knekt, P., Knight, J. (Joanne), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltán), Laan, M. (Maris), Larson, M.G. (Martin), Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lehne, B. (Benjamin), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Liewald, D.C.M. (David C. M.), Lin, L. (Li), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Lindgren, C.M. (Cecilia M.), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Loos, R.J.F. (Ruth), Lopez, L.M. (Lorna), Lu, Y. (Yingchang), Lyytikäinen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Mamasoula, C. (Chrysovalanto), Marrugat, J. (Jaume), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Morgan, A. (Anna), Morris, A.P. (Andrew), Morrison, A.C. (Alanna), Munson, P.J. (Peter), Nalls, M.A. (Michael), Nandakumar, P. (Priyanka), Nelson, C.P. (Christopher P.), Niiranen, T. (Teemu), Nolte, I.M. (Ilja), Nutile, T. (Teresa), Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine), Oostra, B.A. (Ben), O’Reilly, P.F. (Paul F.), Org, E. (Elin), Padmanabhan, S. (Sandosh), Palmas, W. (Walter), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Pattie, A. (Alison), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Pramstaller, P.P. (Peter Paul), Nguyen, Q.T. (Quang Tri), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ren, M. (Meixia), Rettig, R. (Rainer), Rice, K.M. (Kenneth), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Ried, J.S. (Janina S.), Riese, H. (Harriëtte), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Robino, A. (Antonietta), Rose, L.M. (Lynda M.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Rudan, I. (Igor), Ruggiero, D., Saba, Y. (Yasaman), Sala, C. (Cinzia), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Samani, N.J. (Nilesh J.), Sarin, A.-P., Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Shrine, N.R.G. (Nick), Siscovick, D. (David), Smith, A.V. (Albert), Snieder, H. (Harold), Sõber, S. (Siim), Sorice, R., Starr, J.M. (John), Stott, D.J. (David. J.), Strachan, D.P. (David), Strawbridge, R.J. (Rona), Sundström, J. 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(Kristin), Barbieri, C.M. (Caterina M.), Batini, C. (Chiara), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Blake, T. (Tineka), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret I.), Bottinger, E.P. (Erwin P.), Braund, P.S. (Peter), Brumat, M. (Marco), Campbell, A. (Archie), Campbell, H. (Harry), Chakravarti, A. (Aravinda), Chambers, J.C. (John C.), Chauhan, G. (Ganesh), Ciullo, M. (Marina), Cocca, M. (Massimiliano), Collins, F. (Francis), Cordell, H.J. (Heather), Davies, G. (Gail), de Borst, M.H. (Martin H.), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Deary, I.J. (Ian), Deelen, J. (Joris), Del Greco M, F. (Fabiola), Demirkale, C.Y. (Cumhur Yusuf), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Ehret, G.B. (Georg B.), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Enroth, S. (Stefan), Erzurumluoglu, A.M. (A. Mesut), Ferreira, T. (Teresa), Frånberg, M. (Mattias), Franco, O.H. (Oscar), Gandin, I. (Ilaria), Gasparini, P. (Paolo), Giedraitis, V. (Vilmantas), Gieger, C. (Christian), Girotto, G. (Giorgia), Goel, A. (Anuj), Gow, A.J. (Alan J.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Harris, T.B. (Tamara), Harris, S.E. (Sarah), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina A.), Havulinna, A.S. (Aki), Hicks, A.A. (Andrew A.), Hofer, E. (Edith), Hofman, A. (Albert), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Huffman, J.E. (Jennifer E.), Hwang, S.-J. (Shih-Jen), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), James, A. (Alan), Jansen, R. (Rick), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Johansson, A. (Åsa), Johnson, A.D. (Andrew), Joshi, P.K. (Peter K.), Jousilahti, P. (Pekka), Jukema, J.W. (Jan Wouter), Jula, A. (Antti), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Keavney, B.D. (Bernard D.), Khaw, K.-T. (Kay-Tee), Knekt, P., Knight, J. (Joanne), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltán), Laan, M. (Maris), Larson, M.G. (Martin), Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lehne, B. (Benjamin), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Liewald, D.C.M. (David C. M.), Lin, L. (Li), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Lindgren, C.M. (Cecilia M.), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Loos, R.J.F. (Ruth), Lopez, L.M. (Lorna), Lu, Y. (Yingchang), Lyytikäinen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Mamasoula, C. (Chrysovalanto), Marrugat, J. (Jaume), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Morgan, A. (Anna), Morris, A.P. (Andrew), Morrison, A.C. (Alanna), Munson, P.J. (Peter), Nalls, M.A. (Michael), Nandakumar, P. (Priyanka), Nelson, C.P. (Christopher P.), Niiranen, T. (Teemu), Nolte, I.M. (Ilja), Nutile, T. (Teresa), Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine), Oostra, B.A. (Ben), O’Reilly, P.F. (Paul F.), Org, E. (Elin), Padmanabhan, S. (Sandosh), Palmas, W. (Walter), Palotie, A. (Aarno), Pattie, A. (Alison), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Pramstaller, P.P. (Peter Paul), Nguyen, Q.T. (Quang Tri), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ren, M. (Meixia), Rettig, R. (Rainer), Rice, K.M. (Kenneth), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Ried, J.S. (Janina S.), Riese, H. (Harriëtte), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Robino, A. (Antonietta), Rose, L.M. (Lynda M.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Rudan, I. (Igor), Ruggiero, D., Saba, Y. (Yasaman), Sala, C. (Cinzia), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Samani, N.J. (Nilesh J.), Sarin, A.-P., Schmidt, R. (Reinhold), Schmidt, H. (Helena), Shrine, N.R.G. (Nick), Siscovick, D. (David), Smith, A.V. (Albert), Snieder, H. (Harold), Sõber, S. (Siim), Sorice, R., Starr, J.M. (John), Stott, D.J. (David. J.), Strachan, D.P. (David), Strawbridge, R.J. (Rona), Sundström, J. (Johan), Swertz, M.A. (Morris A.), Taylor, K.D. (Kent), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Tobin, M.D. (Martin), Tomaszewski, M. (Maciej), Toniolo, D. (Daniela), Traglia, M. (Michela), Trompet, S. (Stella), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Vaez, A. (Ahmad), Most, P.J. (Peter) van der, Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Vergnaud, A.-C. (Anne-Claire), Verwoert, G.C. (Germaine C.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Völker, U. (Uwe), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Vuckovic, D. (Dragana), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Wild, S.H. (Sarah), Willemsen, G. (Gonneke), Wilson, J.F. (James F.), Wright, A.F. (Alan), Yao, J. (Jie), Zemunik, T. (Tatijana), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Attia, J. (John), Butterworth, A.S. (Adam S.), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Conen, D. (David), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Danesh, J. (John), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Howson, J.M.M. (Joanna M. M.), Laakso, M. (Markku), Lakatta, E.G. (Edward G.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Melander, O. (Olle), Mook-Kanamori, D.O. (Dennis O.), Palmer, C.N.A. (Colin N. A.), Risch, L. (Lorenz), Scott, R.A. (Robert), Scott, R.J. (Rodney J.), Sever, P. (Peter), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), van der Harst, P. (Pim), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Zeggini, E. (Eleftheria), Levy, D. (Daniel), Munroe, P. (Patricia), Newton-Cheh, C. (Christopher), Brown, M.J. (Morris), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Hung, A.M. (Adriana M.), Ódonnell, C.J. (Christopher), Edwards, T.L. (Todd L.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Tzoulaki, I., Barnes, M.J. (Michael), Wain, L.V. (Louise V.), Elliott, P. (Paul), and Caulfield, M. (Mark)

Abstract

In the version of this article originally published, the name of author Martin H. de Borst was coded incorrectly in the XML. The error has now been corrected in the HTML version of the paper.

Published
2018
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