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5. Activists Versus Gatekeepers? Gallery Representation, Reputational Markers, and the Structure of Opportunities for Artists in the US Contemporary Artworld

Author

Brown, Kathryn, Quemin, Alain, Eshkol-Rokach, Yoram, Soro, Glòria Guirao, Sailly, Océane, Wilmsen, Franziska, Appleford, Katie, Series Editor, Goulding, Anna, Series Editor, O'Brien, Dave, Series Editor, Taylor, Mark, Series Editor, Woronkowicz, Joanna, editor, and Noonan, Douglas, editor

Published
2024
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7. The role of governance in the building of arenas for popular music in France and England, 1980-2019

Author

Brown, Kathryn, Strange, Ian, and Edwards, Bronwen

Subjects
Governance Decision-making, Urban Development, Cultural Policy, Popular Music, Arena Development
Abstract

The thesis investigates the evolution of arenas for popular culture since 1980 in Europe, and specifically in France and England. Using a qualitative research strategy and a thematic and comparative approach the research focuses on arena developing in France and England, using two case studies, the cities of Bordeaux and Leeds. The timeframe for the research is c1980s to 2019, a period which saw the emergence of the 'dedicated' indoor music arenas. The thesis explores the development of arenas through a governance perspective exploring, decision-making, cultural attitudes, and urban spaces for new consumerism. The research highlights the decision-making processes within different political and administrative systems, both nationally, and locally in Bordeaux and Leeds. It identifies similarities and contrasts in process. The research suggests that in both cases the actual decision-making was indecisive, with neither city having a defined vision for the development of arenas. The research findings suggest that the time scale for the development of the arenas was exacerbated by internal political conflicts in both cities - between the mayors in Bordeaux, whilst in Leeds, the external pressures of a neighbouring authority. The thesis also explores issues of arena ownership and the relationship between public and private investments in cultural infrastructure. The thesis similarly considers the impact of local cultural policy on decision-making related to the provision of local cultural infrastructure. The thesis is situated within a literature focused on the development of venues for popular music, and more specifically presents a comparative analysis of how these develop in specific places. The thesis highlights how, within contrasting political and administrative systems, decision-making related to major cultural infrastructure projects is often faced with similar challenges. The thesis extends the discussion and understanding of decision-making in a comparative context and adds to an understanding of the response to the accommodation of popular culture since the 1980s. In so doing it contributes to knowledge through its exploration and analysis of the governance and politics of cultural infrastructure provision.

Published
2023
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15. Refinement of soft tissue targeting and alignment protocols in small animal radiotherapy using an injectable fiducial marker

Author

Brown, Kathryn, Butterworth, Karl, and Prise, Kevin

Subjects
fiducial markers, radiation response, small animal image-guided radiotherapy, imaging, normal tissue response, preclinical models, BioXmark
Abstract

BioXmark® (Nanovi A/S, Denmark) is a novel injectable liquid fiducial marker (FM) that has been clinically validated to improve the delineation of tumour target volumes during radiotherapy. Similar challenges are present during preclinical radiotherapy protocols, but FMs are yet to be reverse translated back into the laboratory. Previously, BioXmark® has been reported in only one mouse study and has not yet been comprehensively assessed in animal models to demonstrate its potential within the context of the 3Rs. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the visibility, stability and radiobiological characteristics of BioXmark® in preclinical radiotherapy studies with the overall goal to improve targeting accuracy and refine existing preclinical protocols. In phantom measurements were performed to assess the CBCT imaging artefacts of BioXmark® compared to solid FMs. In vivo studies were undertaken to assess the long-term stability of BioXmark® and its impacts on tumour response. A lower GI toxicity model was developed using fractionation with the aim to reduce treatment parameters using BioXmark® to accurately target small tissue volumes. Finally, we conducted preliminary radiomics analysis to assess the feasibility of applying a radiomics approach to a subcutaneous tumour model and to measure the impact of BioXmark® on radiomics features. We found that BioXmark® is stable, well-tolerated, and detectable by CBCT at volumes ≤ 10μl. Our data show reductions in imaging artefacts of >80% compared to other solid FMs. BioXmark® had no significant effect on tumour growth delay following intra-tumoral injection. We also demonstrated the feasibility of radiomics analysis in a subcutaneous tumour model and showed that BioXmark® did not cause significant differences throughout fractionated treatment. We developed a model that recapitulates similar symptoms of clinical late-phase radiation-induced toxicity with the potential to reduce treatment parameters using BioXmark®. 2BioXmark® is superior to other FMs and can be used in preclinical radiotherapy studies to significantly refine existing protocols.

Published
2022

19. Taking Inventory Of Regulatory Developments For Retail Employers In 2024

Author

Brown, Kathryn

Subjects
United States. Federal Trade Commission -- Powers and duties, United States. Department of Labor -- Powers and duties, United States. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission -- Powers and duties, Retail industry -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Labor relations, Labor law -- Interpretation and construction, Non-competition agreements -- Laws, regulations and rules, Workplace accommodation -- Laws, regulations and rules, Pregnant women -- Civil rights -- Employment, Overtime -- Laws, regulations and rules, Employee rights -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Business, international, Pregnant Workers Fairness Act 2023
Abstract

While the future of the federal regulatory state is uncertain after the Supreme Court ended Chevron deference in June, retailers ought to give immediate attention to a slew of new [...]

Published
2024

26. Integrating Small Animal Irradiators withFunctional Imaging for Advanced Preclinical Radiotherapy Research

Author

Ghita, Mihaela, Brown, Kathryn H, Kelada, Olivia J, Graves, Edward E, and Butterworth, Karl T

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Biomedical Imaging, 6.9 Resources and infrastructure (treatment evaluation), Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, functional imaging, preclinical radiotherapy, radiation oncology, radiobiology, small animal irradiators, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

Translational research aims to provide direct support for advancing novel treatment approaches in oncology towards improving patient outcomes. Preclinical studies have a central role in this process and the ability to accurately model biological and physical aspects of the clinical scenario in radiation oncology is critical to translational success. The use of small animal irradiators with disease relevant mouse models and advanced in vivo imaging approaches offers unique possibilities to interrogate the radiotherapy response of tumors and normal tissues with high potential to translate to improvements in clinical outcomes. The present review highlights the current technology and applications of small animal irradiators, and explores how these can be combined with molecular and functional imaging in advanced preclinical radiotherapy research.

Published
2019

30. Safety and efficacy of avalglucosidase alfa versus alglucosidase alfa in patients with late-onset Pompe disease (COMET): a phase 3, randomised, multicentre trial

Author

Behin, Anthony, Boentert, Matthias, Carvalho, Gerson, Chahin, Nizar, Charrow, Joel, Deegan, Patrick, Durmus Tekce, Hacer, Duval, Fanny, Genge, Angela, Gutmann, Ludwig, Henderson, Robert D, Hennermann, Julia B, Hiwot, Tarekegn, Hughes, Derralynn, Karaa, Amel, Karam, Chafic, Kautzky-Willer, Alexandra, Komaki, Hirofumi, Laforet, Pascal, Longo, Nicola, Malinova, Vera, Maré, Ricardo, Maxit, Clarisa, Mengel, Eugen, Moggio, Maurizio Gualtiero, Molnár, Mária Judit, Mongini, Tiziana Enrica, Nadaj-Pakleza, Aleksandra, Nascimento Osorio, Andres, Noury, Jean-Baptiste, Oliveira, Acary Souza Bulle, Parman, Yesim, Pena, Loren, Remiche, Gauthier, Sciacco, Monica, Shieh, Perry B, Smith, Cheryl, Stulnig, Thomas, Taithe, Frederic, Tard, Céline, Tarnopolsky, Mark, Vorgerd, Matthias, Whitley, Chester, Young, Peter, Alonso-Pérez, Jorge, Altemus, Patricia, Aubé-Nathier, Anne-Catherine, Avelar, Jennifer B, Bailey, Carrie, Bekircan-Kurt, Can Ebru, Billy, Jenny, Boschi, Silvia, Brown, Kathryn E, Carrera Garcia, Laura, Chase, Lauren, Cirne, Hamilton, Danjoux, Loïc, Davion, Jean-Baptiste, DeArmey, Stephanie, Fedotova, Ekaterina, Gandolfo, Eve, Grosz, Zoltan, Guellec, Dewi, Guettsches, Anne-Katrin, Guglieri, Michela, Hatcher, Erin, Helms, Sina, Hufgard-Leitner, Miriam, Klyushnikov, Sergey A., Langton, Jacqui, Linková, Lenka, Mavroudakis, Nicolas, Mazurová, Stella, Mori, Madoka, Müller-Miny, Louisa, Musumeci, Olimpia, Nance, Christopher S, Natera-de Benito, Daniel, Neel, Robert, Niizawa, Gabriela A, Noll, Lauren, Ortega, Erik, Pasnoor, Mamatha, Pautot, Vivien, Potulska-Chromik, Anna, Pugliese, Alessia, Questienne, Claire, Ramos Lopes, Margarida, Reyes-Leiva, David, Riedl, Michaela, Rugiero, Marcelo Francisco, Salort-Campana, Emmanuelle, Sgobbi Souza, Paulo Victor, Sole, Guilhem, Solera, Luca, Souto Lopes, Suzara, Specht, Sabine, Statland, Jeffrey, Swenson, Andrea, Tan, Chong Yew, Tizon, Sónia, van der Beek, N A M E, van Kooten, Harmke A., Wencel, Marie, Wenninger, Stephan, Zagnoli, Fabien, Diaz-Manera, Jordi, Kishnani, Priya S, Kushlaf, Hani, Ladha, Shafeeq, Mozaffar, Tahseen, Straub, Volker, Toscano, Antonio, van der Ploeg, Ans T, Berger, Kenneth I, Clemens, Paula R, Chien, Yin-Hsiu, Day, John W, Illarioshkin, Sergey, Roberts, Mark, Attarian, Shahram, Borges, Joao Lindolfo, Bouhour, Francoise, Choi, Young Chul, Erdem-Ozdamar, Sevim, Goker-Alpan, Ozlem, Kostera-Pruszczyk, Anna, Haack, Kristina An, Hug, Christopher, Huynh-Ba, Olivier, Johnson, Judith, Thibault, Nathan, Zhou, Tianyue, Dimachkie, Mazen M, and Schoser, Benedikt

Published
2021
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34. Development and validation of a risk prediction model to diagnose Barrett's oesophagus (MARK-BE): a case-control machine learning approach

Author

Coker, Karen, Zhao, Wanfeng, Brown, Kathryn, Haynes, Beverley, Grant, Tara Nuckcheddy, di Pietro, Massimiliano, Dewhurst, Eleanor, Alias, Bincy, Mills, Leanne, Wilson, Caroline, Bird-Lieberman, Elizabeth, Bornschein, Jan, Lim, Yean, Shariff, Kareem, Lopez, Roberto Cayado, Udarbe, Myrna, Shaw, Claire, Rose, Glynis, Sargeant, Ian, Al-Izzi, M, Schimmel, Roisin, Green, Elizabeth, Moorghen, Morgan, Kanani, Reshma, Baulf, Mariann, Butcher, Jayne, Butt, Adil, Bown, Steve, Lipman, Gideon, Sweis, Rami, Sehgal, Vinay, Banks, Matthew, Haidry, Rehan, Louis-Auguste, John, Kohoutova, Darina, Kerr, Sarah, Eneh, Victor, Butter, Nigel, Miah, Haroon, Butawan, Rommel, Adesina, Grace, Holohan, Sabrina, Idris, Joan, Hayes, Nick, Wahed, Shajahan, Houghton, Nelson Kath, Hopton, Marc, Eastick, Anne, Majumdar, Debasis, Manuf, Kassem, Fieldson, Lyndsey, Bailey, Helen, Ortiz, Jacobo Fernandez-Sordo, Patel, Mina, Henry, Suzanne, Warburton, Samantha, White, Jonathan, Gadeke, Lisa, Longhurst, Beverley, Abeseabe, Richmond, Basford, Peter, Bhattacharyya, Rupam, Elliot, Scott, Bevan, Roisin, Brown, Carly, Laverick, Philippa, Clifford, Gayle, Gibbons, Anita, Ingmire, Julie, Mawas, Abdullah, Harvey, Jacquelyn, Cave, Sharon, Rosenfeld, Avi, Graham, David G, Jevons, Sarah, Ariza, Jose, Hagan, Daryl, Wilson, Ash, Lovat, Samuel J, Sami, Sarmed S, Ahmad, Omer F, Novelli, Marco, Rodriguez Justo, Manuel, Winstanley, Alison, Heifetz, Eliyahu M, Ben-Zecharia, Mordehy, Noiman, Uria, Fitzgerald, Rebecca C, Sasieni, Peter, and Lovat, Laurence B

Published
2020
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36. Non-invasive molecular imaging of inflammatory macrophages in allograft rejection.

Author

O'Neill, Alexander SG, Terry, Samantha YA, Brown, Kathryn, Meader, Lucy, Wong, Andrew MS, Cooper, Jonathan D, Crocker, Paul R, Wong, Wilson, and Mullen, Gregory ED

Subjects
Cardiac transplantation, Macrophages, Preclinical imaging, SER-4, Sialoadhesin, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundMacrophages represent a critical cell type in host defense, development and homeostasis. The ability to image non-invasively pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltrate into a transplanted organ may provide an additional tool for the monitoring of the immune response of the recipient against the donor graft. We therefore decided to image in vivo sialoadhesin (Sn, Siglec 1 or CD169) using anti-Sn mAb (SER-4) directly radiolabelled with (99m)Tc pertechnetate.MethodsWe used a heterotopic heart transplantation model where allogeneic or syngeneic heart grafts were transplanted into the abdomen of recipients. In vivo nanosingle-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging was performed 7 days post transplantation followed by biodistribution and histology.ResultsIn wild-type mice, the majority of (99m)Tc-SER-4 monoclonal antibody cleared from the blood with a half-life of 167 min and was located predominantly on Sn(+) tissues in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. The biodistribution in the transplantation experiments confirmed data derived from the non-invasive SPECT/CT images, with significantly higher levels of (99m)Tc-SER-4 observed in allogeneic grafts (9.4 (±2.7) %ID/g) compared to syngeneic grafts (4.3 (±10.3) %ID/g) (p = 0.0022) or in mice which received allogeneic grafts injected with (99m)Tc-IgG isotype control (5.9 (±0.6) %ID/g) (p = 0.0185). The transplanted heart to blood ratio was also significantly higher in recipients with allogeneic grafts receiving (99m)Tc-SER-4 as compared to recipients with syngeneic grafts (p = 0.000004) or recipients with allogeneic grafts receiving (99m)Tc-IgG isotype (p = 0.000002).ConclusionsHere, we demonstrate that imaging of Sn(+) macrophages in inflammation may provide an important additional and non-invasive tool for the monitoring of the pathophysiology of cellular immunity in a transplant model.

Published
2015

37. Non-invasive molecular imaging of inflammatory macrophages in allograft rejection

Author

O’Neill, Alexander SG, Terry, Samantha YA, Brown, Kathryn, Meader, Lucy, Wong, Andrew MS, Cooper, Jonathan D, Crocker, Paul R, Wong, Wilson, and Mullen, Gregory ED

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Biomedical Imaging, Organ Transplantation, Transplantation, Bioengineering, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, Macrophages, Cardiac transplantation, Preclinical imaging, Sialoadhesin, SER-4, Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundMacrophages represent a critical cell type in host defense, development and homeostasis. The ability to image non-invasively pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltrate into a transplanted organ may provide an additional tool for the monitoring of the immune response of the recipient against the donor graft. We therefore decided to image in vivo sialoadhesin (Sn, Siglec 1 or CD169) using anti-Sn mAb (SER-4) directly radiolabelled with (99m)Tc pertechnetate.MethodsWe used a heterotopic heart transplantation model where allogeneic or syngeneic heart grafts were transplanted into the abdomen of recipients. In vivo nanosingle-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging was performed 7 days post transplantation followed by biodistribution and histology.ResultsIn wild-type mice, the majority of (99m)Tc-SER-4 monoclonal antibody cleared from the blood with a half-life of 167 min and was located predominantly on Sn(+) tissues in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. The biodistribution in the transplantation experiments confirmed data derived from the non-invasive SPECT/CT images, with significantly higher levels of (99m)Tc-SER-4 observed in allogeneic grafts (9.4 (±2.7) %ID/g) compared to syngeneic grafts (4.3 (±10.3) %ID/g) (p = 0.0022) or in mice which received allogeneic grafts injected with (99m)Tc-IgG isotype control (5.9 (±0.6) %ID/g) (p = 0.0185). The transplanted heart to blood ratio was also significantly higher in recipients with allogeneic grafts receiving (99m)Tc-SER-4 as compared to recipients with syngeneic grafts (p = 0.000004) or recipients with allogeneic grafts receiving (99m)Tc-IgG isotype (p = 0.000002).ConclusionsHere, we demonstrate that imaging of Sn(+) macrophages in inflammation may provide an important additional and non-invasive tool for the monitoring of the pathophysiology of cellular immunity in a transplant model.

Published
2015

41. Tumor Necrosis Factor Induces Developmental Stage-Dependent Structural Changes in the Immature Small Intestine

Author

Brown, Kathryn S, Gong, Huiyu, Frey, Mark R, Pope, Brock, Golden, Matthew, Martin, Katerina, Obey, Mitchel, and McElroy, Steven J

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Autoimmune Disease, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Pediatric, Digestive Diseases, Infant Mortality, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Inflammatory and immune system, Oral and gastrointestinal, Animals, Apoptosis, Blotting, Western, Humans, Intestine, Small, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II, Tumor Necrosis Factors, Immunology
Abstract

BackgroundPremature infants are commonly subject to intestinal inflammation. Since the human small intestine does not reach maturity until term gestation, premature infants have a unique challenge, as either acute or chronic inflammation may alter the normal development of the intestinal tract. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been shown to acutely alter goblet cell numbers and villus length in adult mice. In this study we tested the effects of TNF on villus architecture and epithelial cells at different stages of development of the immature small intestine.MethodsTo examine the effects of TNF-induced inflammation, we injected acute, brief, or chronic exposures of TNF in neonatal and juvenile mice.ResultsTNF induced significant villus blunting through a TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) mediated mechanism, leading to loss of villus area. This response to TNFR1 signaling was altered during intestinal development, despite constant TNFR1 protein expression. Acute TNF-mediated signaling also significantly decreased Paneth cells.ConclusionsTaken together, the morphologic changes caused by TNF provide insight as to the effects of inflammation on the developing intestinal tract. Additionally, they suggest a mechanism which, coupled with an immature immune system, may help to explain the unique susceptibility of the immature intestine to inflammatory diseases such as NEC.

Published
2014

47. Unit on Mexican and Guatemalan Archaeology. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminars Abroad Program, 2000 (Mexico and Guatemala).

Author

Brown, Kathryn

Abstract

This curriculum unit on Mexican and Guatemalan archaeology is designed for students at a college preparatory high school who have taken a course in ancient and medieval history. The unit lists history and archaeology texts and teacher resources and is divided into the following sections: (1) geography assignment on Mexico and Guatemala; (2) definitions related to Mesoamerican archaeology; (3) information and questions about three videos (a general overview; a video on Teotihuacan; a video on Tikal); (4) questions for articles on Teotihuacan (Carlson, John B. "Rise and Fall of the City of the Gods"; Fagan, Brian, Ed. "Prehistoric Times"); (5) questions for article on Tikal (Hammond, Norman "The Discovery of Tikal"); (6) notes for lectures at the sites of Teotihuacan and Tikal by Kim Goldsmith and Arthur Demarest in July 2000; (7) list of related articles; and (8) evaluation of the unit. (Contains a list of 10 related articles in "Archaeology" magazine, 3 related articles in "National Geographic," and 2 articles on Teotihuacan (in Spanish).) (BT)

Published
2000

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