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This thesis, 'Living with HIV/AIDS: An ethnography of care in Western Kenya', is based upon 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork carried out in Central Nyanza, Kenya, between 2005-2007. It studies practices of care against the backdrop of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, which has impacted the region severely. The thesis explores how home and hospital are established as domains of care through practice. It draws upon ethnographic material collected from within a District Hospital, a Community-Based Organisation and people's homes. The thesis follows practices of care across divergent domains of social life to consider how practices of care within Luo networks of kinship and relatedness intersect with governmental interventions to manage HIV/AIDS. The thesis describes two governmental projects introduced to administer HIV/AIDS care in this region. It considers Home-Based Care, an HIV/AIDS response in which Community Health Workers are trained to support particular aspects of care at home, focusing on the practices of care employed by Community Health Workers as they visit sick people at home and attend organisational meetings. The thesis also describes the landscape of HIV care in the District Hospital, including the delivery of antiretroviral therapy. The focus here is on the relationships between caring practices in the hospital and at home, and the divergent responsibilities to care experienced by hospital staff and family members. The main argument of the thesis is that care is a particularly useful analytical tool for anthropology because practices of care take place across many different domains of social life, cutting across the boundaries that have formed the traditional focus of anthropological study. Studying practices of care illuminates the production of bounded domains of social life whilst simultaneously drawing attention to similarities of practice across different domains. Care provides a way of understanding the complex social landscape that has developed as people in Western Kenya endeavour to live with HIV/AIDS.