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Einleitung: Die autologe Nerventransplantation bei überkritischen peripheren Nervendefekten ist eine in der rekonstruktiven Plastischen Chirurgie erfolgreich etablierte Methode. Durch die Entwicklung bioartifizieller Nervenleitschienen erhofft man sich, einerseits die Morbidität an der Ner[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 49. Jahrestagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Plastische, Ästhetische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie (ÖGPÄRC), 42. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft der Plastischen, Rekonstruktiven und Ästhetischen Chirurgen (DGPRÄC), 16. Jahrestagung der Vereinigung der Deutschen Ästhetisch-Plastischen Chirurgen (VDÄPC)

Introduction: Reconstruction of peripheral nerve lesions remains a major challenge in plastic surgery. Clinical strategies to treat extensive peripheral nerve injuries are currently limited to autologous nerve transplantations. The aim of this tissue engineering approach is the development of a bioartificial[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 126. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie

Einleitung: Der N. ischiadicus wird im Tierversuch am häufigsten zur Untersuchung der peripheren Nervenregeneration nach einer Axonotmesis oder Neurotmesis verwendet. Neben histomorphometrischen und elektrophysiologischen Untersuchungen ist der Sciatic Functional Index (SFI) als Bewegungsanalyse[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 126. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie

It is widely accepted that the devastating consequences of spinal cord injury are due to the failure of lesioned CNS axons to regenerate. The current study of the spontaneous tissue repair processes following dorsal hemisection of the adult rat spinal cord demonstrates a phase of rapid and substantial nerve fibre in-growth into the lesion that was derived largely from both rostral and caudal spinal tissues. The response was characterized by increasing numbers of axons traversing the clearly defined interface between the lesion and the adjacent intact spinal cord, beginning by 5 days post operation (p.o.). Having penetrated the lesion, axons became associated with a framework of NGFr-positive non-neuronal cells (Schwann cells and leptomeningeal cells). Surprisingly few of these axons were derived from CGRP- or SP-immunoreactive dorsal root ganglion neurons. At the longest survival time (56 days p.o.), there was a marked shift in the overall orientation of fibres from a largely rostro-caudal to a dorso-ventral axis. Attempts to identify which recognition molecules may be important for these re-organizational processes during attempted tissue repair demonstrated the widespread and intense expression of the cell adhesion molecules (CAM) L1 and N-CAM. Double immunofluorescence suggested that both Schwann cells and leptomeningeal cells contributed to the pattern of CAM expression associated with the cellular framework within the lesion.

Although the Cordillera de la Sal, close to San Pedro de Atacama (Chile), is one of the driest places on Earth, it contains extensive cave systems that have developed in halite. A detailed morphological study of these caves, combined with 16 AMS radiocarbon ages on wood and bone fragments recovered from cave ceilings and diamictons, have allowed us to define when these systems formed and when sediments were emplaced. The sometimes huge cave passages appear to have formed in less than 2000 years by a succession of short-lived flash floods, probably after single extreme rain events.

Fragments of monk seal bones (Monachus monachus) discovered 7-12 m below water level in Bel Torrente Cave (Central-East Sardinia) in 2004 have been AMS radiocarbon dated. The bones, probably of different individuals, have calibrated ages ranging from 5000-6500 calendar years B.P. and allow reconstruction of the paleogeography of the cave and the surrounding area during this time period. Monk seals, living in large numbers along the Sardinian coast, used the cave for shelter and to give birth to their pups. The lower sea level of the mid-Holocene, combined with cave morphology, allowed them to reach far into the main tunnel of the cave. The large number of bones found, of approximately the same age, seems to indicate that the monk seals used caves even when human disturbance of the coast was minor, suggesting they had other predators they were also trying to avoid.