21 results on '"Brombin V"'
Search Results
2. New geochemical and geochronological data on the Cenozoic Veneto Volcanic Province: Geodynamic inferences
- Author
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Brombin, V., Pettitt, E.A., Fahnestock, M.F., Casalini, M., Webb, L.E., Bryce, J.G., and Bianchini, G.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Extreme Planktic Foraminiferal Dwarfism Across the ETM2 in the Tethys Realm in Response to Warming.
- Author
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D'Onofrio, R., Barrett, R., Schmidt, D. N., Fornaciari, E., Giusberti, L., Frijia, G., Adatte, T., Sabatino, N., Monsuru, A., Brombin, V., and Luciani, V.
- Subjects
DWARFISM ,SUBMARINE volcanoes ,OCEAN temperature ,NANNOFOSSILS ,GLOBAL warming ,RUBIDIUM - Abstract
Pronounced warming negatively impacts ecosystem resilience in modern oceans. To offer a long‐term geological perspective of the calcareous plankton response to global warming, we present an integrated record, from two Tethyan sections (northeastern Italy), of the planktic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil response to the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 hyperthermal (ETM2, ∼54 Ma). Our study reveals pronounced changes in assemblage composition and a striking dwarfing of planktic foraminiferal tests of up to 40% during the event, impacting both surface and deeper dwellers. The increased abundance of small placoliths among calcareous nannofossils is interpreted as community size reduction. Literature and our foraminiferal size data from Sites 1263 and 1209 (Atlantic and Pacific Oceans) highlights that the pronounced dwarfism is restricted to the Tethyan area. The ETM2 is characterized by warm sea surface temperatures as indicated by our δ18O data, but this warming is of global extent and cannot explain the unique dwarfism. Excluding evolutionary modifications, other potential drivers of dwarfism (eutrophication, deoxygenation, metabolic adaptation) cannot explain the exceptional dwarfism by themselves. The smallest sizes are in close temporal association with peaks in volcanic derived Hg/Th‐Hg/Rb recorded just before and at the ETM2 which could not have been brought into our sections through weathering. In contrast, size reductions are absent below and above the ETM2 at Hg peaks where δ18O data do not show warm conditions. We speculate that the local input of toxic metals from submarine volcanic emissions could have acted synergistically to warming, causing the unique dwarfism. Key Points: Calcareous plankton size in the Tethys during the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2) reveals marked dwarfismPronounced dwarfism was restricted to the Tethyan area, highlighting the importance of local signals in interpreting hyperthermalsCalcareous plankton were highly unstable across the ETM2 but ultimately resilient [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) temperature evolution and biotic response in the Adriatic Carbonate Platform region of Friuli, northeast Italy
- Author
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Křížová, B., primary, Consorti, L., additional, Cardelli, S., additional, Schmitt, K.E., additional, Brombin, V., additional, Franceschi, M., additional, Tunis, G., additional, Bonini, L., additional, and Frijia, G., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The Norian magmatic rocks of Jabuka, Brusnik and Vis Islands (Croatia) and their bearing on the evolution of Triassic magmatism in the Northern Mediterranean
- Author
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Velicogna, M., De Min, A., Prašek, M. K., Ziberna, L., Brombin, V., Jourdan, F., Renne, P. R., Balen, D., Grégoire, M., Marzoli, A., Velicogna, M., De Min, A., Prašek, M. K., Ziberna, L., Brombin, V., Jourdan, F., Renne, P. R., Balen, D., Grégoire, M., and Marzoli, A.
- Subjects
Vis ,Triassic magmatism ,Adria Plate ,geodynamic setting ,basaltic andesite ,Brusnik ,Jabuka ,Vi ,Geology - Abstract
The magmatic rocks from Jabuka, Brusnik, Vis Islands and the submerged Brusnik plateau have been investigated to define their age and genetic affinity, identifying their role in the geodynamics of the Adria Plate. The plutonic and lava flow samples have been characterized for their petrography, mineral chemistry, whole rock major and trace elements, and Sr and Nd isotopic compositions. The two samples with the freshest plagioclase crystals have been selected for 40Ar/39Ar analysis, which gave ages of 221.5 ± 2.5 Ma (Brusnik) and 227 ± 5 Ma (Jabuka), similar to those of the Triassic magmatism from the northern part of the Adria Plate and neighbouring territories. Geochemical and isotopic data suggest that the magmatism dominantly sourced from spinel peridotites variously metasomatized during pre-Mesozoic subduction events. Furthermore, the investigated rocks evidence interactions of the magmas with Mid-Late Triassic evaporites. The comparison with other coeval magmatic occurrences from the Adria Plate and its edges shows that the subduction signature of the Triassic within-plate magmatism is mainly related to the evolution of the upper mantle of the Adria Plate.
- Published
- 2022
6. The Norian magmatic rocks of Jabuka, Brusnik and Vis Islands (Croatia) and their bearing on the evolution of Triassic magmatism in the Northern Mediterranean.
- Author
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Velicogna, M., De Min, A., Prašek, M. K., Ziberna, L., Brombin, V., Jourdan, F., Renne, P.R., Balen, D., Grégoire, M., and Marzoli, A.
- Subjects
MAGMATISM ,PETROLOGY ,LAVA flows ,ISLANDS ,EVAPORITES ,PLAGIOCLASE - Abstract
The Norian magmatic rocks of Jabuka, Brusnik and Vis Islands (Croatia) and their bearing on the evolution of Triassic magmatism in the Northern Mediterranean. The magmatic rocks from Jabuka, Brusnik, Vis Islands and the submerged Brusnik plateau have been investigated to define their age and genetic affinity, identifying their role in the geodynamics of the Adria Plate. The plutonic and lava flow samples have been characterized for their petrography, mineral chemistry, whole rock major and trace elements, and Sr and Nd isotopic compositions. The two samples with the freshest plagioclase crystals have been selected for
40 Ar/39 Ar analysis, which gave ages of 221.5 ± 2.5 Ma (Brusnik) and 227 ± 5 Ma (Jabuka), similar to those of the Triassic magmatism from the northern part of the Adria Plate and neighbouring territories. Geochemical and isotopic data suggest that the magmatism dominantly sourced from spinel peridotites variously metasomatized during pre-Mesozoic subduction events. Furthermore, the investigated rocks evidence interactions of the magmas with Mid-Late Triassic evaporites. The comparison with other coeval magmatic occurrences from the Adria Plate and its edges shows that the subduction signature of the Triassic within-plate magmatism is mainly related to the evolution of the upper mantle of the Adria Plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Phlogopite-pargasite coexistence in an oxygen reduced spinel-peridotite ambient
- Author
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Bonadiman C.[1, 2, Brombin V.[1, Andreozzi G.B.[4], Benna P.[5], Coltorti M.[1], Curetti N.[5], Faccini B.[1], Merli M.[6], Pelorosso B.[1], Stagno V.[4], Tesauro M.[7, Pavese A.[5], Tectonics, Bonadiman C., Brombin V., Andreozzi G.B., Benna P., Coltorti M., Curetti N., Faccini B., Merli M., Pelorosso B., Stagno V., Tesauro M., Pavese A., Bonadiman, C., Brombin, V., Andreozzi, G. B., Benna, P., Coltorti, M., Curetti, N., Faccini, B., Merli, M., Pelorosso, B., Stagno, V., Tesauro, M., and Pavese, A.
- Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Science ,phlogopite ,Geochemistry ,engineering.material ,amphibole ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Mantle (geology) ,NO ,upper mantle ,Mineral redox buffer ,Ultramafic rock ,geotherm ,Metasomatism ,General ,Amphibole ,Petrology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Peridotite ,model ,Multidisciplinary ,metasomatism ,phlogopite-pargasite ,Chemistry ,mantle xenoliths ,Pargasite ,Mineralogy ,engineering ,Phlogopite ,Medicine ,mantle xenolith - Abstract
The occurrence of phlogopite and amphibole in mantle ultramafic rocks is widely accepted as the modal effect of metasomatism in the upper mantle. However, their simultaneous formation during metasomatic events and the related sub-solidus equilibrium with the peridotite has not been extensively studied. In this work, we discuss the geochemical conditions at which the pargasite-phlogopite assemblage becomes stable, through the investigation of two mantle xenoliths from Mount Leura (Victoria State, Australia) that bear phlogopite and the phlogopite + amphibole (pargasite) pair disseminated in a harzburgite matrix. Combining a mineralogical study and thermodynamic modelling, we predict that the P–T locus of the equilibrium reaction pargasite + forsterite = Na-phlogopite + 2 diopside + spinel, over the range 1.3–3.0 GPa/540–1500 K, yields a negative Clapeyron slope of -0.003 GPa K–1 (on average). The intersection of the P–T locus of supposed equilibrium with the new mantle geotherm calculated in this work allowed us to state that the Mount Leura xenoliths achieved equilibrium at 2.3 GPa /1190 K, that represents a plausible depth of ~ 70 km. Metasomatic K-Na-OH rich fluids stabilize hydrous phases. This has been modelled by the following equilibrium equation: 2 (K,Na)-phlogopite + forsterite = 7/2 enstatite + spinel + fluid (components: Na2O,K2O,H2O). Using quantum-mechanics, semi-empirical potentials, lattice dynamics and observed thermo-elastic data, we concluded that K-Na-OH rich fluids are not effective metasomatic agents to convey alkali species across the upper mantle, as the fluids are highly reactive with the ultramafic system and favour the rapid formation of phlogopite and amphibole. In addition, oxygen fugacity estimates of the Mount Leura mantle xenoliths [Δ(FMQ) = –1.97 ± 0.35; –1.83 ± 0.36] indicate a more reducing mantle environment than what is expected from the occurrence of phlogopite and amphibole in spinel-bearing peridotites. This is accounted for by our model of full molecular dissociation of the fluid and incorporation of the O-H-K-Na species into (OH)-K-Na-bearing mineral phases (phlogopite and amphibole), that leads to a peridotite metasomatized ambient characterized by reduced oxygen fugacity.
- Published
- 2021
8. Carbon and sulphur isotopic composition of Vardar ophiolite of North Macedonia: implications for volatiles cycling in subduction zones
- Author
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Brombin, V., Barbero, E., Saccani, E., Precisvalle, N., Lepitkova, S., Milevski, I., Ristovski, I., Milcov, I., Dimov, G., and Bianchini, G.
- Subjects
Ambientale - Published
- 2022
9. SUBDUCTION SIGNATURE OF THE VARDAR OPHIOLITE OF NORTH MACEDONIA: NEW CONSTRAINTS FROM GEOCHEMICAL AND STABLE ISOTOPE DATA
- Author
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Brombin, V., Barbero, E., Saccani, E., Precisvalle, N., Lepitkova, S., Milevski, I., Ristovski, I., Milcov, I., Dimov, G., and Bianchini, G.
- Subjects
carbon and sulphur isotopes ,North Macedonia ,Vardar ophiolites ,Jurassic ,Demir Kapija ,geochemistry ,NO - Published
- 2022
10. Carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur isotope analysis of the Padanian Plain sediments: Backgrounds and provenance indication of the alluvial components
- Author
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Salani, G.M., primary, Brombin, V., additional, Natali, C., additional, and Bianchini, G., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Phlogopite-pargasite coexistence in an oxygen reduced spinel-peridotite ambient
- Author
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Tectonics, Bonadiman, C., Brombin, V., Andreozzi, G.B., Benna, P., Coltorti, M., Curetti, N., Faccini, B., Merli, M., Pelorosso, B., Stagno, V., Tesauro, M., Pavese, A., Tectonics, Bonadiman, C., Brombin, V., Andreozzi, G.B., Benna, P., Coltorti, M., Curetti, N., Faccini, B., Merli, M., Pelorosso, B., Stagno, V., Tesauro, M., and Pavese, A.
- Published
- 2021
12. Intraplate magmatism at a convergent plate boundary: The case of the Cenozoic northern Adria magmatism
- Author
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Brombin V.[1], Bonadiman C.[1], Jourdan F.[2], Roghi G.[3], Coltorti M.[1], Webb L.E.[4], Callegaro S.[5], Bellieni G.[6], De Vecchi G.[6], Sede R.[1, and Marzoli A.[3
- Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Geochemistry ,Intraplate magmatism ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Poloidal mantle flow ,01 natural sciences ,Mantle (geology) ,NO ,Lithosphere ,Convergent boundary ,Southeastern Alps ,Metasomatism ,Veneto Volcanic Province ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Sedimentary basin ,Ar ,Ar geochronology ,Magmatism ,Slab window ,Intraplate earthquake ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Geology ,39 ,intraplate magmatism ,40Ar/39Ar geochronology ,poloidal manthe flow ,southeastern Alps - Abstract
The complex European–Adria geodynamic framework, which led to the formation of the Alpine belt, is considered responsible for the orogenic magmatism that occurred in the Central Alps along the Periadriatic/Insubric Line (late Eocene–early Oligocene) and the anorogenic magmatism that occurred in the Southeastern Alps (late Paleocene–early Miocene). While the subduction-related magmatic activities are, as expected, near convergent margins, the occurrence of the intraplate-related magmatism is still puzzling. Therefore, in this work new geochemical and geochronological data of magmatic products from the Veneto Volcanic Province (VVP, north–east Italy) are provided to constrain the Cenozoic intraplate magmatism of the Southeastern Alps. The VVP is formed by dominant basic–ultrabasic (from nephelinites to tholeiites) magmatic products and by localized acid (latitic, trachytic, and rhyolitic) volcanic and subvolcanic bodies. Trace element patterns and ratios suggest that the mantle source of the alkaline magma types was a garnet lherzolite possibly metasomatised by carbonatitic melts and with residual phlogopite. According to the biostratigraphic records and our new 40Ar/39Ar ages, VVP eruptions occurred in several pulses, reflecting the extensional phases experienced by the Eastern Alpine domain. The volcanism started in the late Paleocene in the western sector of the VVP where activity was widespread also during the Eocene (45.21 ± 0.11 Ma – 38.73 ± 0.44 Ma). In the eastern sector eruptions took place in the early Oligocene (32.35 ± 0.09 Ma – 32.09 ± 0.29 Ma) and in the early Miocene (~23–22 Ma). From the studies so far undertaken, the anorogenic magmatic activity of the VVP was interpreted as resulting from mantle upwellings through slab window(s) following the European slab break-off, which occurred at ~ 35 Ma. However, considering (i) new tomographic images evidencing a continuous subvertical (~ 500 km in depth) slab beneath the Central Alps, and (ii) the onset of magmatic activity in the VVP in the late Paleocene (i.e., before the slab break-off) and its continuation until the Miocene, a better suited geodynamic scenario is required to explain the anorogenic magmatism. The westward rollback of the European slab caused the retreat and steepening of the subducting plate. As a consequence, sub-slab mantle material escaped and upwelled from the front of the slab and created a poloidal mantle flow. The latter induced the breakdown of carbonates in calcareous metasediments and carbonated metabasics within the subducting oceanic slab, providing carbonatitic melts, which could be responsible for the metasomatism of the VVP mantle sources. After that, the poloidal mantle flow also induced (i) the extensional deformation in the overriding Adria microplate, (ii) the decompressional melting of VVP mantle sources, and (iii) the intraplate affinity of the VVP magmatism. During these processes, the Adria microplate also rotated counterclockwise, forming sedimentary basins, and allowing the poloidal mantle flow to affect different portions of the overlying lithosphere, generating syn-estensional magmatism within the VVP.
- Published
- 2019
13. Extreme Planktic Foraminiferal Dwarfism Across the ETM2 in the Tethys Realm in Response to Warming
- Author
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D’Onofrio, R., Barrett, R., Schmidt, D. N., Fornaciari, E., Giusberti, L., Frijia, G., Adatte, T., Sabatino, N., Monsuru, A., Brombin, V., and Luciani, V.
- Abstract
Pronounced warming negatively impacts ecosystem resilience in modern oceans. To offer a long‐term geological perspective of the calcareous plankton response to global warming, we present an integrated record, from two Tethyan sections (northeastern Italy), of the planktic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil response to the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 hyperthermal (ETM2, ∼54 Ma). Our study reveals pronounced changes in assemblage composition and a striking dwarfing of planktic foraminiferal tests of up to 40% during the event, impacting both surface and deeper dwellers. The increased abundance of small placoliths among calcareous nannofossils is interpreted as community size reduction. Literature and our foraminiferal size data from Sites 1263 and 1209 (Atlantic and Pacific Oceans) highlights that the pronounced dwarfism is restricted to the Tethyan area. The ETM2 is characterized by warm sea surface temperatures as indicated by our δ18O data, but this warming is of global extent and cannot explain the unique dwarfism. Excluding evolutionary modifications, other potential drivers of dwarfism (eutrophication, deoxygenation, metabolic adaptation) cannot explain the exceptional dwarfism by themselves. The smallest sizes are in close temporal association with peaks in volcanic derived Hg/Th‐Hg/Rb recorded just before and at the ETM2 which could not have been brought into our sections through weathering. In contrast, size reductions are absent below and above the ETM2 at Hg peaks where δ18O data do not show warm conditions. We speculate that the local input of toxic metals from submarine volcanic emissions could have acted synergistically to warming, causing the unique dwarfism. Calcareous plankton size in the Tethys during the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2) reveals marked dwarfismPronounced dwarfism was restricted to the Tethyan area, highlighting the importance of local signals in interpreting hyperthermalsCalcareous plankton were highly unstable across the ETM2 but ultimately resilient Calcareous plankton size in the Tethys during the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2) reveals marked dwarfism Pronounced dwarfism was restricted to the Tethyan area, highlighting the importance of local signals in interpreting hyperthermals Calcareous plankton were highly unstable across the ETM2 but ultimately resilient
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Geological and geochemical control on Radon occurrence in Euganean Hills district (North-Eastern Italy)
- Author
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Coletti, C., Brattich, E., Brombin, V., Cinelli, G., Galgaro, A., Massironi, M., Mazzoli, C., Mostacci, D., Tositti, L., and Sassi, R.
- Subjects
Settore GEO/07 - Petrologia e Petrografia ,NO - Published
- 2017
15. Peat Soil Burning in the Mezzano Lowland (Po Plain, Italy): Triggering Mechanisms and Environmental Consequences
- Author
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Stefano Cremonini, Claudio Natali, Gian Marco Salani, Valentina Brombin, G. Bianchini, Gilmo Vianello, Livia Vittori Antisari, Mattia Ferrari, and Natali C., Bianchini G., Cremonini S., Salani G. M., Vianello G., Brombin V., Ferrari M, Vittori Antisari L.
- Subjects
Informatics ,Peat ,Earthquake Source Observations ,Epidemiology ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Biogeosciences ,Environmental protection ,PE10_11 ,Methane ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrient ,Ionospheric Physics ,Mezzano Lowland ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Seismology ,Earthquake Interaction, Forecasting, and Prediction ,Water Science and Technology ,Global and Planetary Change ,Exploration Geophysics ,Gravity Methods ,Ocean Predictability and Prediction ,carbon stock and CO ,2 ,emission ,Consequence for the environment and human health ,northern Italy ,peat soils ,smoldering ,triggering mechanism ,Pollution ,Seismic Cycle Related Deformations ,Tectonic Deformation ,Critical Zone ,Oceanography: General ,Policy ,Time Variable Gravity ,Environmental chemistry ,Estimation and Forecasting ,Seismicity and Tectonics ,Space Weather ,Mathematical Geophysics ,Probabilistic Forecasting ,Research Article ,Peat smoldering, fired soil profile, Carbon loss, isotopic geochemistry, Mezzano lowland ,carbon stock and CO2 emission ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Satellite Geodesy: Results ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Radio Science ,Earthquake Dynamics ,TD169-171.8 ,Magnetospheric Physics ,Geodesy and Gravity ,Ionosphere ,Monitoring, Forecasting, Prediction ,Disaster Relief ,Gravity anomalies and Earth structure ,Continental Crust ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Ambientale ,Policy Sciences ,Soil carbon ,Bulk density ,Interferometry ,Soil structure ,chemistry ,Soil water ,Fire in the Earth System ,Environmental science ,Subduction Zones ,Sulfur Cycling ,Hydrology ,Transient Deformation ,Prediction ,Carbon ,Natural Hazards ,Forecasting - Abstract
The effects of peat burning on organic‐rich agricultural soils of the Mezzano Lowland (NE Italy) were evaluated on soil profiles variously affected by smoldering. Profiles were investigated for pH, electrical conductivity, bulk density, elemental and isotopic composition of distinct carbon (and nitrogen) fractions. The results suggest that the horizons affected by carbon loss lie at depths 10–70 cm, where the highest temperatures are developed. We suggest that the exothermal oxidation of methane (mediated by biological activity) plays a significant role in the triggering mechanism. In the interested soils we estimated a potential loss of Soil Organic Carbon of approximately 110 kg m −2 within the first meter, corresponding to 580 kg CO2 m −3. The released greenhouse gas is coupled with a loss of soil structure and nutrients. Moreover, the process plausibly triggers mobility of metals bound in organometallic complexes. All these consequences negatively affect the environment, the agricultural activities and possibly also health of the local people., Key Points Peat burning in the Mezzano Lowland is a process active since wetland reclamation and variously affects the soil structure and carbon contentThe main carbon loss occurs in the depth interval 10–70 cm, where temperature up to 750°C is recordedThe process induces negative effects to surrounding environment, agriculture activities and possibly also human health
- Published
- 2021
16. Soil carbon Investigation in three pedoclimatic and agronomic settings of Northern Italy
- Author
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Mauro De Feudis, Claudio Natali, Gianluca Bianchini, Livia Vittori Antisari, Gloria Falsone, Enrico Mistri, Camilla Forti, Gian Marco Salani, Valentina Brombin, Brombin V., Mistri E., De Feudis M., Forti C., Salani G.M., Natali C., Falsone G., Vittori Antisari L., and Bianchini G.
- Subjects
Humic substance ,Carbon sequestration ,Humic substances ,Isotopic analyses ,Soil management ,Soil organic matter ,Sustainable agriculture ,Geography, Planning and Development ,TJ807-830 ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,TD194-195 ,01 natural sciences ,complex mixtures ,Renewable energy sources ,PE10_11 ,Isotopic analyse ,soil organic matter ,Organic matter ,GE1-350 ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,soil organic matter, sustainable agriculture, isotopic analyses, humic substances, soil management, carbon sequestration ,Environmental effects of industries and plants ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,humic substances ,Ambientale ,PE10_9 ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Soil carbon ,Mineralization (soil science) ,carbon sequestration ,Environmental sciences ,sustainable agriculture ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,isotopic analyses ,Soil water ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Environmental science ,Soil fertility ,soil management - Abstract
Sustainable agricultural management is needed to promote carbon (C) sequestration in soil, prevent loss of soil fertility, and reduce the release of greenhouse gases. However, the influence of agronomic practices on soil C sequestration depends on the existing pedoclimatic features. We characterized the soils of three farms far away each other in the Emilia-Romagna region (Northern Italy): an organic farm in the Northern Apennines, a biodynamic farm, and a conventional farm on the Po Plain. The total, inorganic, and organic carbon in soil, as well as the distinct humic fractions were investigated, analyzing both the elemental and isotopic (13C/12C) composition. In soils, organic matter appears to be variously affected by mineralization processes induced by microorganisms that consume organic carbon. In particular, organic carbon declined in farms located in the plain (e.g., organic carbon down to 0.75 wt%, carbon stock0-30 cm down to 33 Mg/ha), because of the warmer climate and moderately alkaline environment that enhance soil microbial activity. On the other hand, at the mountain farm, the minimum soil disturbance, the cold climate, and the neutral conditions favored soil C sequestration (organic carbon up to 4.42 wt%, carbon stock0-30 cm up to 160 Mg/ha) in humified organic compounds with long turnover, which can limit greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. This work shows the need for thorough soil investigations, to propose tailored best-practices that can reconcile productivity and soil sustainability.
- Published
- 2020
17. Soil organic carbon data comparison after 85 years and new 13 C/ 12 C compositions: The case study of the Ferrara province (Northeastern Italy).
- Author
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Salani GM, Bianchini G, Brombin V, and Natali C
- Subjects
- Carbon analysis, Agriculture, Wetlands, Soil, Greenhouse Gases
- Abstract
The main causes of soil organic matter (SOM) loss are land use (e.g., conventional agriculture) and land-use change (e.g., conversion of wetlands into croplands). Before World War II and until 1960s, the Ferrara province in the Emilia-Romagna region (Northeast Italy) enlarged its agricultural production area through drainage of wetlands. After that, the newly drained area was put into intensive agricultural production with practices that proved to be unsustainable, and whose negative effects (depletion of soil organic carbon [SOC] and emissions of greenhouse gases [GHGs], e.g., CO
2 ) have never been quantified. In this work, we estimated the changes in SOC 85 years after the drainage of the palustrine environment, by comparing 1937 SOC measurements with those made in 2022. Comparison of SOC maps from 1937 and 2022 indicates that most of the area suffered a significant SOC loss (∆OC85 years from 0.05 to 18.57 wt%), except for northern areas in which the peat nature of the soil has been preserved. We also measured the13 C/12 C on the 2022 soil samples and generated a present-day map of the SOC isotopic ratios, which could be used in future as a benchmark to evaluate changes in soil carbon stocks and fluxes., (© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Environmental Quality published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Multi stable isotope ratio analysis for the traceability of northern Italian apples.
- Author
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Brombin V, Mistri E, and Bianchini G
- Abstract
Isotope ratio mass spectrometry is a well-known technique used to trace the origin of agri-food products from different countries. Here this method was tested to trace the exact orchard of provenance of Italian apples harvested at sites close to each other. We measured the δ
13 C, δ15 N, and δ34 S values of apple subfractions (peel, petiole, pulp, seed) from two orchards in Ferrara and one orchard in Trento. Sulfur represents the best marker for tracing the regions of provenance of samples because it is linked to the presence of sulfate (Ferrara1: +9.0 ‰; Ferrara 2: +7.3 ‰) and sulfide (Trento: -1.3 ‰) minerals in soils. However, the δ13 C of apple subfractions combined with the δ34 S of seed in a linear discrimination analysis better discriminated the three orchards. The isotopic fingerprint of apples is thus significantly affected by the relative terroir, and it can be used as "isotopic identity card" to certify "protected designations of origin"., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2022 The Authors.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Isotope Geochemistry for Seafood Traceability and Authentication: The Northern Adriatic Manila Clams Case Study.
- Author
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Brombin V, Natali C, Frijia G, Schmitt K, Casalini M, and Bianchini G
- Abstract
In Italy, the production of manila clams ( Ruditapes philippinarum , Adams and Reeve, 1850) is mainly localized in northern Adriatic lagoons in the Po River delta, where shellfish farming provides important socio-economic revenue. However, in our globalized world, the seafood market is threated by fraudulent activities, in which agri-food products whose provenance is not certified are sold, posing a risk to consumer health. Multi-isotope ratio analysis is commonly used to trace the provenance of goods produced in different countries with different climatic and environmental conditions. Here, we investigated the reliability of this approach in terms of tracing the exact provenance of manila clams harvested in three Adriatic northern lagoons that are close to each other. We also verified the origin of samples bought at a local supermarket with a certificate of provenance. We carried out elemental analyses of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) and the respective isotopic ratios (
13 C/12 C;15 N/14 N;34 S/32 S) on manila clam tissues, plus isotopic analyses of carbon (13 C/12 C), oxygen (18 O/16 O), and strontium (87 Sr/86 Sr) on manila clam shells. Each isotopic parameter can be used to identify the marine and continental contributions of water and/or nutrient supplies occurring in the lagoons. Therefore, the combination of isotopic parameters in a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) allowed for the identification of the lagoons in which the manila clams were produced.- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Peat Soil Burning in the Mezzano Lowland (Po Plain, Italy): Triggering Mechanisms and Environmental Consequences.
- Author
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Natali C, Bianchini G, Cremonini S, Salani GM, Vianello G, Brombin V, Ferrari M, and Vittori Antisari L
- Abstract
The effects of peat burning on organic-rich agricultural soils of the Mezzano Lowland (NE Italy) were evaluated on soil profiles variously affected by smoldering. Profiles were investigated for pH, electrical conductivity, bulk density, elemental and isotopic composition of distinct carbon (and nitrogen) fractions. The results suggest that the horizons affected by carbon loss lie at depths 10-70 cm, where the highest temperatures are developed. We suggest that the exothermal oxidation of methane (mediated by biological activity) plays a significant role in the triggering mechanism. In the interested soils we estimated a potential loss of Soil Organic Carbon of approximately 110 kg m
- 2 within the first meter, corresponding to 580 kg CO2 m- 3 . The released greenhouse gas is coupled with a loss of soil structure and nutrients. Moreover, the process plausibly triggers mobility of metals bound in organometallic complexes. All these consequences negatively affect the environment, the agricultural activities and possibly also health of the local people., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this study., (© 2021. The Authors. GeoHealth published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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21. Traceability and Authentication of Manila Clams from North-Western Adriatic Lagoons Using C and N Stable Isotope Analysis.
- Author
-
Bianchini G, Brombin V, Carlino P, Mistri E, Natali C, and Salani GM
- Subjects
- Animals, Italy, Bivalvia chemistry, Carbon Isotopes analysis, Mass Spectrometry, Nitrogen Isotopes analysis, Seafood analysis
- Abstract
In the Adriatic lagoons of northern Italy, manila clam ( Ruditapes philippinarum ) farming provides important socio-economic returns and local clams should be registered with the Protected Designations of Origin scheme. Therefore, there is a need for the development of rapid, cost-effective tests to guarantee the origin of the product and to prevent potential fraud. In this work, an elemental analysis (EA) coupled with isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) was employed to identify the isotopic fingerprints of clams directly collected onsite in three Adriatic lagoons and bought at a local supermarket, where they exhibited certification. In particular, a multivariate analysis of C/N, δ
13 C and δ15 N in manila clam tissues as well as δ13 C in shells and Δ13 C (calculated as δ13 Cshell -δ13 Ctissues ) seems a promising approach for tracking the geographical origin of manila clams at the regional scale.- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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