125 results on '"Broberg E"'
Search Results
2. Are we missing respiratory viral infections in infants and children? Comparison of a hospital-based quality management system with standard of care
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Alchikh, M., Conrad, T., Hoppe, C., Ma, X., Broberg, E., Penttinen, P., Reiche, J., Biere, B., Schweiger, B., and Rath, B.
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- 2019
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3. SHORT REPORT: Influenza season 2012–2013 in Europe: moderate intensity, mixed (sub)types
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SNACKEN, R., BROBERG, E., BEAUTÉ, J., LOZANO, J. E., ZUCS, P., and AMATO-GAUCI, A. J.
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- 2014
4. Comparison of Cytokine Adsorption During Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion or Post-Transplantationto to Restore Function in a Porcine Transplant Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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Niroomand, A., primary, Ghaidan, H., additional, Stenlo, M., additional, Edstrom, D., additional, Hirdman, G., additional, Mittendorfer, M., additional, Broberg, E., additional, Hallgren, O., additional, Olm, F., additional, Pierre, L., additional, Hyllen, S., additional, and Lindstedt, S., additional
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- 2022
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5. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies prior to the widespread introduction of vaccine programmes in the WHO European Region, January - December 2020: a systematic review
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Vaughan, A, primary, Duffell, EF, additional, Friedl, GS, additional, Lemos, DS, additional, Funk, T, additional, Nardone, A, additional, Valenciano, M, additional, Subissi, L, additional, Bergeri, I, additional, Broberg, E, additional, Penttinen, P, additional, Pebody, R, additional, and Keramarou, M, additional
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- 2021
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6. Age-specific differences in influenza virus type and subtype distribution in the 2012/2013 season in 12 European countries
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BEAUTÉ, J., ZUCS, P., KORSUN, N., BRAGSTAD, K., ENOUF, V., KOSSYVAKIS, A., GRIŠKEVIČIUS, A., OLINGER, C. M., MEIJER, A., GUIOMAR, R., PROSENC, K., STAROŇOVÁ, E., DELGADO, C., BRYTTING, M., and BROBERG, E.
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- 2015
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7. Influenza season 2012–2013 in Europe: moderate intensity, mixed (sub)types
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SNACKEN, R., BROBERG, E., BEAUTÉ, J., LOZANO, J. E., ZUCS, P., and AMATO-GAUCI, A. J.
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- 2014
8. Novel Therapy: Extra Corporal Hemoperfusion Regenerated Pulmonary Function and Reduce Primary Graft Dysfunction in an ARDS Pig EVLP and Lung Transplantation Model
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Ghaidan, H., primary, Hyllén, S., additional, Gvazava, N., additional, Stenlo, M., additional, Broberg, E., additional, Edström, D., additional, Niroomand, A., additional, Olm, F., additional, Hallgren, O., additional, Pierre, L., additional, Wagner, D., additional, and Lindstedt, S., additional
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- 2021
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9. Laboratory readiness and response for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in expert laboratories in 30 EU/EEA countries, January 2020
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Reusken, C.B.E.M. (Chantal), Broberg, E. (Eeva), Haagmans, B.L. (Bart), Meijer, A. (Adam), Corman, V.M. (Victor), Papa, A. (Anna), Charrel, R. (Remi), Drosten, C. (Christian), Koopmans, M. (Marion), Leitmeyer, K. (Katrin), On Behalf Of Evd-LabNet And Erli-Net, (), Reusken, C.B.E.M. (Chantal), Broberg, E. (Eeva), Haagmans, B.L. (Bart), Meijer, A. (Adam), Corman, V.M. (Victor), Papa, A. (Anna), Charrel, R. (Remi), Drosten, C. (Christian), Koopmans, M. (Marion), Leitmeyer, K. (Katrin), and On Behalf Of Evd-LabNet And Erli-Net, ()
- Abstract
Timely detection of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection cases is crucial to interrupt the spread of this virus. We assessed the required expertise and capacity for molecular detection of 2019-nCoV in specialised laboratories in 30 European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. Thirty-eight laboratories in 24 EU/EEA countries had diagnostic tests available by 29 January 2020. A coverage of all EU/EEA countries was expected by mid-February. Availability of primers/probes, positive controls and personnel were main implementation barriers.
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- 2020
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10. Expression of interleukin-4 but not of interleukin-10 from a replicative herpes simplex virus type 1 viral vector precludes experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
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Broberg, E, Setälä, N, Röyttä, M, Salmi, A, Erälinna, J-P, He, B, Roizman, B, and Hukkanen, V
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- 2001
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11. Meta-analysis of the clinical performance of commercial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, antigen and antibody tests up to 22 August 2020
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Van Walle, I, primary, Leitmeyer, K, additional, and Broberg, E K, additional
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- 2020
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12. Expression of LIF and LIF receptor beta in Alzheimerʼs and Parkinsonʼs diseases
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Soilu-Hänninen, M., Broberg, E., Röyttä, M., Mattila, P., Rinne, J., and Hukkanen, V.
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- 2010
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13. Immunomodulation by roquinimex decreases the expression of IL-23 (p19) mRNA in the brains of herpes simplex virus type 1 infected BALB/c mice
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PELTONIEMI, J., BROBERG, E. K., HALENIUS, A., SETÄLÄ, N., ERÄLINNA, J.-P., SALMI, A. A., RÖYTTÄ, M., and HUKKANEN, V.
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- 2004
14. Semliki Forest virus infection is enhanced in Th1-prone SJL mice but not in Th2-prone BALB/c mice during Linomide-induced immunomodulation
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Peltoniemi, J, Setälä, N, Broberg, E, Röyttä, M, Hukkanen, V, Salmi, A.A, and Erälinna, J.-P
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- 2002
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15. Effects of inverse bremsstrahlung in laser-induced plasmas from a graphite surface
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Cronberg, H., Reichling, M., Broberg, E., Nielsen, H. B., Matthias, E., and Tolk, N.
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- 1991
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16. Performance of the European region influenza surveillance network: alignment with global standards
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Hegermann-Lindencrone, M., Gross, D., Meerhoff, T.J., Pereyaslov, D., Jorgensen, P., Snacken, R., Broberg, E., Adlhoch, C., Beauté, J., Penttinen, P., and Brown, C.S.
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Other Research Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 0] - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext
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- 2015
17. Laboratory preparedness in EU/EEA countries for detection of novel avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, May 2013
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Broberg, E, primary, Pereyaslov, D, additional, Struelens, M, additional, Palm, D, additional, Meijer, A, additional, Ellis, J, additional, Zambon, M, additional, McCauley, J, additional, and Daniels, R, additional
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- 2014
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18. Improving influenza virological surveillance in Europe: strain-based reporting of antigenic and genetic characterisation data, 11 European countries, influenza season 2013/14.
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Broberg, E., Hungnes, O., Schweiger, B., Prosenc, K., Daniels, R., Guiomar, R., Ikonen, N., Kossyvakis, A., Pozo, F., Puzelli, S., Thomas, I., Waters, A., Wiman, Å., and Meijer, A.
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- 2016
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19. Predominance of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus genetic subclade 6B.1 and influenza B/Victoria lineage viruses at the start of the 2015/16 influenza season in Europe.
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Broberg, E., Melidou, A., Prosenc, K., Bragstad, K., and Hungnes, O.
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- 2016
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20. Overrepresentation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus among severe influenza cases in the 2011/12 season in four European countries
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Beauté, J, primary, Broberg, E, additional, Plata, F, additional, Bonmarin, I, additional, O’Donnell, J, additional, Delgado, C, additional, Boddington, N, additional, and Snacken, R, additional
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- 2012
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21. Preliminary implications for Europe of the 2011 influenza season in five temperate southern hemisphere countries
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Lopez Chavarrias, V, primary, Broberg, E, additional, and Nicoll, A, additional
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- 2011
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22. Surveillance trends of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic in Europe
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Amato-Gauci, A, primary, Zucs, P, additional, Snacken, R, additional, Ciancio, B, additional, Lopez, V, additional, Broberg, E, additional, Penttinen, P, additional, Nicoll, A, additional, and on behalf of the European Influenza, collective, additional
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- 2011
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23. Start of the 2014/15 influenza season in Europe: drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulate as dominant subtype.
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Broberg, E., Snacken, R., Adlhoch, C., Beauté, J., Galinska, M., Pereyaslov, D., Brown, C., and Penttinen, P.
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- 2015
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24. The herpes simplex virus-1 Us3 protein kinase blocks CD8T cell lysis by preventing the cleavage of Bid by granzyme B
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Cartier, A, primary, Broberg, E, additional, Komai, T, additional, Henriksson, M, additional, and Masucci, M G, additional
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- 2003
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25. Influenza season 2013/14 has started in Europe with influenza A(H1)pdm09 virus being the most prevalent subtype.
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Adlhoch, C., Broberg, E., Beauté, J., Snacken, R., Bancroft, E., Zucs, P., and Penttinen, P.
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- 2014
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26. Laboratory capability for molecular detection and conirmation of novel coronavirus in Europe, November 2012.
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Palm, D., Pereyaslov, D., Vaz, J., Broberg, E., Zeller, H., Gross, D., Brown, C. S., and Struelens, M. J.
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- 2012
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27. Preliminary implications for Europe of the 2011 influenza season in five temperate southern hemisphere countries.
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Chavarrias, V. Lopez, Broberg, E., and Nicoll, A.
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- 2011
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28. Herpesviruses in brains in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Hemling N, Röyttä M, Rinne J, Pöllänen P, Broberg E, Tapio V, Vahlber T, and Hukkanen V
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- 2003
29. Health hazards related to ergonomic work conditions.
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Kilbom A and Broberg E
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- 1988
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30. Start of the 2014/15 influenza season in Europe: Drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulate as dominant subtype
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Broberg, E., Snacken, R., Adlhoch, C., Beauté, J., Galinska, M., Pereyaslov, D., Brown, C., Penttinen, P., Kota, M., Simaku, A., Sarkisian, S., Torosyan, L., Popow-Kraupp, T., Rendi-Wagner, P., Schmid, D., Abdullayeva, N., Salimov, O., Gribkova, N., Shimanovich, V., Thomas, I., Hombrouck, A., Bossuyt, N., Moreels, S., Casteren, V., Ljubovic, A. D., Rodic, N. V., Korsun, N., Kojouharova, M., Georgieva, T., Drazenovic, V., Bagatzouni, D., Koliou, M., Havlickova, M., Jiřincová, H., Kyncl, J., Knudsen, L. K., Mazick, A., Ramona Trebbien, Fischer, T. K., Lilje, L., Pokras, L., Kuznetsova, N., Sadikova, O., Ikonen, N., Lyytikäinen, O., Murtopuro, S., Enouf, V., Lina, B., Valette, M., Werf, S., Bonmarin, I., Sylvie, B., Thierry, B., Turbelin, C., Belchior, E., Machablishvili, A., Zakhashvili, K., Buda, S., Schweiger, B., Kossivakis, A., Georgia, S., Mentis, A., Malisiovas, N., Csohán, Á, Rózsa, M., Jankovics, I., Molnár, Z., Löve, A., Sigmundsdóttir, G., Gudnason, T., Domegan, L., O’flanagan, D., Igoe, D., Waters, A., Duffy, M., Coughlan, S., O Donnell, J., Kaufman, Z., Mandelboim, M., Donatelli, I., Bella, A., Rizzo, C., Pompa, M. G., Puzelli, S., Castrucci, M. R., Katrenova, A., Nusupbaeva, G., Kasymbekova, K., Otorbaeva, D., Nikiforova, R., Zamjatina, N., Erne, S., Griškevicius, A., Lipnickiene, V., Mossong, J., Opp, M., Barbara, C., Melillo, T., Melillo, J. M., Zahra, G., Rakocevic, B., Vratnica, Z., Meijer, A., Teirlinck, A., Dijkstra, F., Donker, G., Rimmelzwaan, G., Lange, M. D., Hungnes, O., Bragstad, K., Hauge, S. H., Tønnessen, R., Dudman, S. G., Bednarska, K., Brydak, L. B., Zielinski, A., Guiomar, R., Pechirra, P., Cristovão, P., Costa, I., Nunes, B., Rodrigues, A., Eder, V., Spinu, C., Alexandrescu, V., Lupulescu, E., Popovici, F., Burtseva, E., Sominina, A., Dimitrijevic, D., Adrovic, S. R., Staronová, E., Mikas, J., Prosenc, K., Berginc, N., Socan, M., Casas, I., Larrauri, A., Pozo, F., Lejarazu, R. O., Pumarola, T., Brytting, M., Englund, H., Wiman, Å, Mahmud, N. N., Born, R., Cordey, S., Tishkova, F., Kamolov, M., Bosevska, G., Kuzmanovska, G., Topal, S., Korukluoglu, G., Ashirova, A., Ovliyakulova, G., Demchyshyna, I., Dykhanovska, T., Mironenko, A., Coyle, P., Maclean, A., Gunson, R., Green, H., Kearns, C., Zambon, M., Nugent, C., Moore, C., Phin, N., Pebody, R., Cottrell, S., Mcmenamin, J., Jessop, L., Dzemileva, S., Rakhimov, R., Mccauley, J., and Daniels, R.
31. Start of the 2014/15 influenza season in Europe: drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulate as dominant subtype
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Broberg, E., Snacken, R., Adlhoch, C., Beaute, J., Galinska, M., Pereyaslov, D., Brown, C., Penttinen, P., Who, European Region And The European Influenza Surveillance Network, Kota, Majlinda, Simaku, Artan, Sarkisian, Shushan, Torosyan, Liana, Popow-Kraupp, Therese, Rendi-Wagner, Pamela, Schmid, Daniela, Abdullayeva, Nazakat, Salimov, Oleg, Gribkova, Natalia, Shimanovich, Veronika, Thomas, Isabelle, Hombrouck, Anneleen, Bossuyt, Nathalie, Moreels, Sarah, Casteren, Viviane, Ljubovic, Amela Dedejic, Rodic, Nina Vukmir, Korsun, Neli, Kojouharova, Mira, Georgieva, Teodora, Drazenovic, Vladimir, Bagatzouni, Despo, Koliou, Maria, Havlickova, Martina, Jirincova, Helena, Kyncl, Jan, Knudsen, Lisbet Krause, Mazick, Anne, Trebbien, Ramona, Fischer, Thea Kolsen, Lilje, Liisa, Pokras, Lesja, Kuznetsova, Natalja, Sadikova, Olga, Ikonen, Niina, Lyytikainen, Outi, Murtopuro, Satu, Enouf, Vincent, Lina, Bruno, Valette, Martine, Werf, Sylvie, Bonmarin, Isabelle, Sylvie, Behillil, Thierry, Blanchon, Turbelin, Clement, Belchior, Emmanuel, Machablishvili, Ann, Zakhashvili, Khatuna, Buda, Silke, Schweiger, Brunhilde, Kossivakis, Athanassios, Georgia, Spala, Mentis, Andreas, Malisiovas, Nikolaos, Csohan, Agnes, Rozsa, Monika, Jankovics, Istvan, Molnar, Zsuzsanna, Love, Arthur, Sigmundsdottir, Gudrun, Gudnason, Thorolfur, Domegan, Lisa, O Flanagan, Darina, Igoe, Derval, Waters, Allison, Duffy, Margaret, Coughlan, Suzie, O Donnell, Joan, Kaufman, Zalman, Mandelboim, Michal, Donatelli, Isabella, Bella, Antonino, Rizzo, Caterina, Pompa, Maria Grazia, Puzelli, Simona, Castrucci, Maria Rita, Katrenova, Aigul, Nusupbaeva, Gaukhar, Kasymbekova, Kalia, Otorbaeva, Dinagul, Nikiforova, Raina, Zamjatina, Natalija, Erne, Sabine, Griskevicius, Algirdas, Lipnickiene, Vilnele, Mossong, Joel, Opp, Matthias, Barbara, Christopher, Melillo, Tanya, Melillo, Jackie Maistre, Zahra, Graziella, Rakocevic, Bozidarka, Vratnica, Zoran, Meijer, Adam, Teirlinck, Anne, Dijkstra, Frederika, Donker, Ge, Rimmelzwaan, Guus, Lange, Marit, Hungnes, Olav, Bragstad, Karoline, Hauge, Siri Helene, Tonnessen, Ragnhild, Dudman, Susanne Gjeruldsen, Bednarska, Karolina, Brydak, Lidia B., Zielinski, Andrzej, Guiomar, Raquel, Pechirra, Pedro, Cristovao, Paula, Costa, Ines, Nunes, Baltazar, Rodrigues, Ana, Veronica Eder, Spinu, Constantin, Alexandrescu, Viorel, Lupulescu, Emilia, Popovici, Florin, Burtseva, Elena, Sominina, Anna, Dimitrijevic, Dragana, Adrovic, Slavica Rakic, Staronova, Edita, Mikas, Jan, Prosenc, Katarina, Berginc, Natasa, Socan, Maja, Casas, Inmaculada, Larrauri, Amparo, Pozo, Francisco, Ortiz Lejarazu, Raul, Pumarola, Tomas, Brytting, Mia, Englund, Helene, Wiman, Asa, Mahmud, Nasser Nuru, Born, Rita, Cordey, Samuel, Tishkova, Farida, Kamolov, Mirali, Bosevska, Golubinka, Kuzmanovska, Gordana, Topal, Selmur, Korukluoglu, Gulay, Ashirova, Amansoltan, Ovliyakulova, Gurbangul, Demchyshyna, Iryna, Dykhanovska, Tatiana, Mironenko, Alla, Coyle, Peter, Maclean, Alasdair, Gunson, Rory, Green, Helen, Kearns, Cathriona, Zambon, Maria, Nugent, Christopher, Moore, Catherine, Phin, Nick, Pebody, Richard, Cottrell, Simon, Mcmenamin, Jim, Jessop, Lucy, Dzemileva, Sultana, Rakhimov, Ravshan, Mccauley, John, and Daniels, Rod
32. Technological advancements in the construction management and work process of dyke enlargement.
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Broberg E., Maintenance engineering 2000 and beyond Technical programme of the 10th CIM maintenance/engineering conference, held in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan 13-Sep-9816-Sep-98, Haug M.D., Stoicescu J.T., Broberg E., Maintenance engineering 2000 and beyond Technical programme of the 10th CIM maintenance/engineering conference, held in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan 13-Sep-9816-Sep-98, Haug M.D., and Stoicescu J.T.
- Abstract
The case history is considered of the engineering and construction of a primary containment system to contain potash slime and brine wastes at the IMC Kalium Colonsay mine in Saskatchewan. The new technology of digital terrain analysis was used during the project, and details are given of the collection and analysis of digital information and its transfer to the field using computer applications and total station surveying. Slope stability and seepage modelling techniques were used during the design phase to evaluate special design measures such as sideslope configuration, toe improvements and toe drains. Specialised construction equipment, such as long reach excavators, was used. The combination of the engineering design and construction technologies were key factors in the successful completion of the project., The case history is considered of the engineering and construction of a primary containment system to contain potash slime and brine wastes at the IMC Kalium Colonsay mine in Saskatchewan. The new technology of digital terrain analysis was used during the project, and details are given of the collection and analysis of digital information and its transfer to the field using computer applications and total station surveying. Slope stability and seepage modelling techniques were used during the design phase to evaluate special design measures such as sideslope configuration, toe improvements and toe drains. Specialised construction equipment, such as long reach excavators, was used. The combination of the engineering design and construction technologies were key factors in the successful completion of the project.
33. Electron microscope specimen holder for simultaneous straining, tilting and rotating of thin foils
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Lehtinen, B, primary, Broberg, E, additional, and Dahné, L, additional
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- 1967
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34. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Us3 Gene Deletion Influences Toll-like Receptor Responses in Cultured Monocytic Cells
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Waris Matti, Karttunen Heidi S, Broberg Eeva, Kantola Helena, Mattila Riikka K, Peri Piritta, Vuorinen Tytti, and Hukkanen Veijo
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Toll-like receptors have a key role in innate immune response to microbial infection. The toll-like receptor (TLR) family consists of ten identified human TLRs, of which TLR2 and TLR9 have been shown to initiate innate responses to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and TLR3 has been shown to be involved in defence against severe HSV-1 infections of the central nervous system. However, no significant activation of the TLR3 pathways has been observed in wild type HSV-1 infections. In this work, we have studied the TLR responses and effects on TLR gene expression by HSV-1 with Us3 and ICP4 gene deletions, which also subject infected cells to apoptosis in human monocytic (U937) cell cultures. Results U937 human monocytic cells were infected with the Us3 and ICP4 deletion herpes simplex virus (d120), its parental virus HSV-1 (KOS), the Us3 deletion virus (R7041), its rescue virus (R7306) or wild type HSV-1 (F). The mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR9 and type I interferons (IFN) were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The intracellular expression of TLR3 and type I IFN inducible myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) protein as well as the level of apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. We observed that the mRNA expression of TLR3 and type I IFNs were significantly increased in d120, R7041 and HSV-1 (F)-infected U937 cells. Moreover, the intracellular expression of TLR3 and MxA were significantly increased in d120 and R7041-infected cells. We observed activation of IRF-3 in infections with d120 and R7041. The TLR4 mRNA expression level was significantly decreased in d120 and R7041-infected cells but increased in HSV-1 (KOS)-infected cells in comparison with uninfected cells. No significant difference in TLR2 or TLR9 mRNA expression levels was seen. Both the R7041 and d120 viruses were able to induce apoptosis in U937 cell cultures. Conclusion The levels of TLR3 and type I IFN mRNA were increased in d120, R7041 and HSV-1 (F)-infected cells when compared with uninfected cells. Also IRF-3 was activated in cells infected with the Us3 gene deletion viruses d120 and R7041. This is consistent with activation of TLR3 signaling in the cells. The intracellular TLR3 and type I IFN inducible MxA protein levels were increased in d120 and R7041-infected cells but not in cells infected with the corresponding parental or rescue viruses, suggesting that the HSV-1 Us3 gene is involved in control of TLR3 responses in U937 cells.
- Published
- 2008
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35. Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020
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Alm E., Broberg E.K., Connor T., Hodcroft E.B., Komissarov A.B., Maurer-Stroh S., Melidou A., Neher R.A., O'Toole A., Pereyaslov D., Beerenwinkel N., Posada-Cespedes S., Jablonski K.P., Ferreira P.F., Topolsky I., Avsic-Zupanc T., Korva M., Poljak M., Zakotnik S., Zorec T.M., Bragstad K., Hungnes O., Stene-Johansen K., Reusken C., Meijer A., Vennema H., Ruiz-Roldan L., Bracho M.A., Garcia-Gonzalez N., Chiner-Oms A., Cancino-Munoz I., Comas I., Goig G.A., Torres-Puente M., Lopez M.G., Martinez-Priego L., D'Auria G., Ruiz-Hueso P., Ferrus-Abad L., de Marco G., Galan-Vendrell I., Carbo-Ramirez S., Ruiz-Rodriguez P., Coscolla M., Polackova K., Kramna L., Cinek O., Richter J., Krashias G., Tryfonos C., Bashiardes S., Koptides D., Christodoulou C., Bartolini B., Gruber C.E., Di Caro A., Castilletti C., Stefani F., Rimoldi S.G., Romeri F., Salerno F., Polesello S., Nagy A., Jirincova H., Vecerova J., Novakova L., Cordey S., Murtskhvaladze M., Kotaria N., Schar T., Beisel C., Vugrek O., Rokic F., Trgovec-Greif L., Jurak I., Rukavina T., Sucic N., Schonning K., Karst S.M., Kirkegaard R.H., Michaelsen T.Y., Sorensen E.A., Knutson S., Brandt J., Le-Quy V., Sorensen T., Petersen C., Pedersen M.S., Larsen S.L., Skov M.N., Rasmussen M., Fonager J., Fomsgaard A., Maksyutov R.A., Gavrilova E.V., Pyankov O.V., Bodnev S.A., Tregubchak T.V., Shvalov A.N., Antonets D.V., Resende P.C., Goya S., Perrin A., Lee R.T., Yadahalli S., Han A.X., Russell C.A., Schmutz S., Zaheri M., Kufner V., Huber M., Trkola A., Antwerpen M., Walter M.C., van der Werf S., Gambaro F., Behillil S., Enouf V., Donati F., Ustinova M., Rovite V., Klovins J., Savicka O., Wienecke-Baldacchino A.K., Ragimbeau C., Fournier G., Mossong J., Aberle S.W., Haukland M., Enkirch T., Advani A., Karlberg M.L., Lindsjo O.K., Broddesson S., Slavikova M., Lickova M., Klempa B., Staronova E., Ticha E., Szemes T., Rusnakova D., Stadler T., Quer J., Anton A., Andres C., Pinana M., Garcia-Cehic D., Pumarola T., Izopet J., Gioula G., Exindari M., Papa A., Chatzidimitriou D., Metallidis S., Pappa S., Macek M., Geryk J., Broz P., Briksi A., Hubacek P., Drevinek P., Zajac M., Kvapil P., Holub M., Kvapilova K., Novotny A., Kasny M., Klempt P., Vapalahti O., Smura T., Sironen T., Selhorst P., Anthony C., Arien K., Simon-Loriere E., Rabalski L., Bienkowska-Szewczyk K., Borges V., Isidro J., Gomes J.P., Guiomar R., Pechirra P., Costa I., Duarte S., Vieira L., Pyrc K., Zuckerman N.S., Turdikulova S., Abdullaev A., Dalimova D., Abdurakhimov A., Tagliabracci A., Alessandrini F., Melchionda F., Onofri V., Turchi C., Bagnarelli P., Menzo S., Caucci S., Di Sante L., Popa A., Genger J.-W., Agerer B., Lercher A., Endler L., Smyth M., Penz T., Schuster M., Senekowitsch M., Laine J., Bock C., Bergthaler A., Shevtsov A., Kalendar R., Ramanculov Y., Graf A., Muenchhoff M., Keppler O.T., Krebs S., Blum H., Marcello A., Licastro D., D'Agaro P., Laubscher F., Vidanovic D., Tesovic B., Volkening J., Clementi N., Mancini N., Rupnik M., Mahnic A., Walker A., Houwaart T., Wienemann T., Vasconcelos M.K., Strelow D., Jensen B.-E.O., Senff T., Hulse L., Adams O., Andree M., Hauka S., Feldt T., Keitel V., Kindgen-Milles D., Timm J., Pfeffer K., Dilthey A.T., Moore C., Ozdarendeli A., Pavel S.T.I., Yetiskin H., Aydin G., Holyavkin C., Uygut M.A., Cevik C., Shchetinin A., Gushchin V., Dinler-Doganay G., Doganay L., Kizilboga-Akgun T., Karacan I., Pancer K., Maes P., Marti-Carreras J., Wawina-Bokalanga T., Vanmechelen B., Thurmer A., Wedde M., Durrwald R., von Kleist M., Drechsel O., Wolff T., Fuchs S., Kmiecinski R., Michel J., Nitsche A., Casas I., Caballero M.I., Zaballos A., Jimenez P., Jimenez M., Fernandez S.M., Fernandez S.V., de la Plaza I.C., Fadeev A., Ivanova A., Sergeeva M., Stefanelli P., Estee Torok M., Hall G., da Silva Filipe A., Turtle L., Afifi S., McCluggage K., Beer R., Ledesma J., Maksimovic J., Spellman K., Hamilton W.L., Marchbank A., Southgate J.A., Underwood A., Taylor B., Yeats C., Abudahab K., Gemmell M.R., Eccles R., Lucaci A., Nelson C.A., Rainbow L., Whitehead M., Gregory R., Haldenby S., Paterson S., Hughes M.A., Curran M.D., Baker D., Tucker R., Green L.R., Feltwell T., Halstead F.D., Wyles M., Jahun A.S., Ahmad S.S.Y., Georgana I., Goodfellow I., Yakovleva A., Meredith L.W., Gavriil A., Awan A.R., Fisher C., Edgeworth J., Lynch J., Moore N., Williams R., Kidd S.P., Cortes N., Brunker K., McCrone J.T., Quick J., Duckworth N., Walsh S., Sloan T., Ludden C., George R.P., Eltringham G., Brown J.R., Aranday-Cortes E., Shepherd J.G., Hughes J., Li K.K., Williams T.C., Johnson N., Jesudason N., Mair D., Thomson E., Shah R., Parr Y.A., Carmichael S., Robertson D.L., Nomikou K., Broos A., Niebel M., Smollett K., Tong L., Miah S., Wittner A., Phillips N., Payne B., Dewar R., Holmes A., Bolt F., Price J.R., Mookerjee S., Sethi D.K., Potter W., Stanley R., Prakash R., Dervisevic S., Graham J.C., Nelson A., Smith D., Young G.R., Yew W.C., Todd J.A., Trebes A., Andersson M., Bull M., Watkins J., Birchley A., Gatica-Wilcox B., Gilbert L., Kumziene-Summerhayes S., Rey S., Chauhan A., Butcher E., Bicknell K., Elliott S., Glaysher S., Lackenby A., Bibby D., Platt S., Mohamed H., Machin N.W., Mbisa J.L., Evans J., Perry M., Pacchiarini N., Corden S., Adams A.G., Gaskin A., Coombs J., Graham L.J., Cottrell S., Morgan M., Gifford L., Kolyva A., Rudder S.J., Trotter A.J., Mather A.E., Aydin A., Page A.J., Kay G.L., de Oliveira Martins L., Yasir M., Alikhan N.-F., Thomson N.M., Gilroy R., Kingsley R.A., O'Grady J., Gutierrez A.V., Diaz M., Viet T.L., Tedim A.P., Adriaenssens E.M., Patrick Mcclure C., Sang F., Clark G., Howson-Wells H.C., Debebe J., Ball J., Chappell J., Khakh M., Carlile M., Loose M., Lister M.M., Holmes N., Tsoleridis T., Fleming V.M., Wright V., Smith W., Gallagher M.D., Parker M., Partridge D.G., Evans C., Baker P., Essex S., Liggett S., Keeley A.J., Bashton M., Rooke S., Dervisavic S., Meader E.J., Lopez C.E.B., Angyal A., Kristiansen M., Tutill H.J., Findlay J., Mestek-Boukhibar L., Forrest L., Dyal P., Williams R.J., Panchbhaya Y., Williams C.A., Roy S., Pandey S., Stockton J., Loman N.J., Poplawski R., Nicholls S., Rowe W.P.M., Khokhar F., Pinckert M.L., Hosmillo M., Chaudhry Y., Caller L.G., Davidson R.K., Griffith L., Rambaut A., Jackson B., Colquhoun R., Hill V., Nichols J., Asamaphan P., Darby A., Jackson K.A., Iturriza-Gomara M., Vamos E.E., Green A., Aanensen D., Bonsall D., Buck D., Macintyre-Cockett G., de Cesare M., Pybus O., Golubchik T., Scarlett G., Loveson K.F., Robson S.C., Beckett A., Lindsey B., Groves D.C., Parsons P.J., McHugh M.P., Barnes J.D., Manso C.F., Grammatopoulos D., Menger K.E., Harrison E., Gunson R., Peacock S.J., Gonzalez G., Carr M., Mihaela L., Popovici O., Brytting M., Bresner C., Fuller W., Workman T., Mentis A.F., Kossyvakis A., Karamitros T., Pogka V., Kalliaropoulos A., Horefti E., Kontou A., Martinez-Gonzalez B., Labropoulou V., Voulgari-Kokota A., Evangelidou M., Bizta P., Belimezi M., Lambrechts L., Doymaz M.Z., Yazici M.K., Cetin N.S., Karaaslan E., Kallio-Kokko H., Virtanen J., Suvanto M., Nguyen P.T., Ellonen P., Hannula S., Kangas H., Sreenu V.B., Burian K., Terhes G., Gombos K., Gyenesei A., Urban P., Herczeg R., Jakab F., Kemenesi G., Toth G.E., Somogyi B., Zana B., Zeghbib S., Kuczmog A., Foldes F., Lanszki Z., Madai M., Papp H., Pereszlenyi C.I., Babinszky G.C., Dudas G., Csoma E., Abou Tayoun A.N., Alsheikh-Ali A.A., Loney T., Nowotny N., Abdul-Wahab O., Gonzalez-Candelas F., Andersen M.H., Taylor S., MARTI CARRERAS, Joan, Vanmechelen, Bert, Wawina, Tony, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, AII - Infectious diseases, WHO European Region Sequencing Lab, GISAID EpiCoV Grp, Erik, Alm, Eeva K, Broberg, Thomas, Connor, Emma B, Hodcroft, Andrey B, Komissarov, Sebastian, Maurer-Stroh, Angeliki, Melidou, Richard A, Neher, Áine, O’Toole, Dmitriy, Pereyaslov, WHO European Region sequencing laboratories and GISAID EpiCoV group (Niko Beerenwinkel, The, Posada-Céspedes, Susana, Philipp, Kim, Jablonski, Falé Ferreira, Pedro, Topolsky, Ivan, Avšičžupanc, Tatjana, Korva, Miša, Poljak, Mario, Zakotnik, Samo, Tomaž, Zorec, Mark, Bragstad, Karoline, Hungnes, Olav, Stene-Johansen, Kathrine, Reusken, Chantal, Meijer, Adam, Vennema, Harry, Ruiz-Roldán, Lidia, Alma Bracho, María, García-González, Neri, Chiner-Oms, Álvaro, Cancino-Muñoz, Irving, Comas, Iñaki, A Goig, Galo, Torres-Puente, Manuela, G López, Mariana, Martínez-Priego, Llúcia, D’Auria, Giuseppe, LoretoFerrús-Abad, de Marco, Griselda, Galan-Vendrell, Inmaculada, Carbó-Ramirez, Sandra, Ruíz-Hueso, Paula, Coscollá, Mireia, Polackova, Katerina, Kramna, Lenka, Cinek, Ondrej, Richter, Jan, Krashias, George, Tryfonos, Christina, Bashiardes, Stavro, Koptides, Dana, Christodoulou, Christina, Bartolini, Barbara, Em Gruber, Cesare, Di Caro, Antonino, Castilletti, Concetta, Stefani, Fabrizio, Giordana Rimoldi, Sara, Romeri, Francesca, Salerno, Franco, Polesello, Stefano, Nagy, Alexander, Jirincova, Helena, Vecerova, Jaromira, Novakova, Ludmila, Cordey, Samuel, Murtskhvaladze, Marine, Kotaria, Nato, Schär, Tobia, Beisel, Christian, Vugrek, Oliver, Rokić, Filip, Trgovecgreif, Lovro, Jurak, Igor, Rukavina, Tomislav, Sučić, Neven, Schønning, Kristian, M Karst, Søren, H Kirkegaard, Rasmu, Y Michaelsen, Thoma, Aa Sørensen, Emil, Knutson, Simon, Brandt, Jakob, Le-Quy, Vang, Sørensen, Trine, Petersen, Celine, Schou Pedersen, Martin, Løkkegaard Larsen, Sanne, Nielsine Skov, Marianne, Rasmussen, Morten, Fonager, Jannik, Fomsgaard, Ander, Amirovich Maksyutov, Rinat, Vasil’Evna Gavrilova, Elena, Victorovich Pyankov, Oleg, Alexandrovich Bodnev, Sergey, Vladimirovna Tregubchak, Tatyana, Nikolayevich Shvalov, Alexander, Victorovich Antonets, Deni, Cristina Resende, Paola, Goya, Stephanie, Perrin, Amandine, Tc Lee, Raphael, Yadahalli, Shilpa, X Han, Alvin, A Russell, Colin, Schmutz, Stefan, Zaheri, Maryam, Kufner, Verena, Huber, Michael, Trkola, Alexandra, Antwerpen, Marku, C Walter, Mathia, van der Werf, Sylvie, Gambaro, Fabiana, Behillil, Sylvie, Enouf, Vincent, Donati, Flora, Ustinova, Monta, Rovite, Vita, Klovins, Jani, Savicka, Oksana, K Wienecke-Baldacchino, Anke, Ragimbeau, Catherine, Fournier, Guillaume, Mossong, Joël, W Aberle, Stephan, Haukland, Mattia, Enkirch, Theresa, Advani, Abdolreza, Lind Karlberg, Maria, Karlsson Lindsjö, Oskar, Broddesson, Sandra, Sláviková, Monika, Ličková, Martina, Klempa, Bori, Staroňová, Edita, Tichá, Elena, Szemes, Tomáš, Rusňáková, Diana, Stadler, Tanja, Quer, Josep, Anton, Andre, Andres, Cristina, Piñana, Maria, Garcia-Cehic, Damir, Pumarola, Toma, Izopet, Jacque, Gioula, Georgia, Exindari, Maria, Papa, Anna, Chatzidimitriou, Dimitrio, Metallidis, Symeon, Pappa, Stella, Macek Jr, Milan, Geryk, Jan, Brož, Petr, Briksí, Aleš, Hubáček, Petr, Dřevínek, Pavel, Zajac, Miroslav, Kvapil, Petr, Holub, Michal, Kvapilová, Kateřina, Novotný, Adam, Kašný, Martin, Klempt, Petr, Vapalahti, Olli, Smura, Teemu, Sironen, Tarja, Selhorst, Philippe, Anthony, Colin, Ariën, Kevin, Simon-Loriere, Etienne, Rabalski, Lukasz, Bienkowska-Szewczyk, Krystyna, Borges, Vítor, Isidro, Joana, Paulo Gomes, João, Guiomar, Raquel, Pechirra, Pedro, Costa, Inê, Duarte, Sílvia, Vieira, Luí, Pyrc, Krzysztof, S Zuckerman, Neta, Turdikulova, Shahlo, Abdullaev, Alisher, Dalimova, Dilbar, Abdurakhimov, Abror, Tagliabracci, Adriano, Alessandrini, Federica, Melchionda, Filomena, Onofri, Valerio, Turchi, Chiara, Bagnarelli, Patrizia, Menzo, Stefano, Caucci, Sara, Di Sante, Laura, Popa, Alexandra, Genger, Jakob-Wendelin, Agerer, Benedikt, Lercher, Alexander, Endler, Luka, Smyth, Mark, Penz, Thoma, Schuster, Michael, Senekowitsch, Martin, Laine, Jan, Bock, Christoph, Bergthaler, Andrea, Shevtsov, Alexandr, Kalendar, Ruslan, Ramanculov, Yerlan, Graf, Alexander, Muenchhoff, Maximilian, T Keppler, Oliver, Krebs, Stefan, Blum, Helmut, Marcello, Alessandro, Licastro, Danilo, D’Agaro, Pierlanfranco, Laubscher, Florian, Vidanovic, Dejan, Tesovic, Bojana, Volkening, Jeremy, Clementi, Nicola, Mancini, Nicasio, Rupnik, Maja, Mahnic, Aleksander, Walker, Andrea, Houwaart, Torsten, Wienemann, Tobia, Kohns Vasconcelos, Malte, Strelow, Daniel, Ole Jensen, Björn-Erik, Senff, Tina, Hülse, Lisanna, Adams, Ortwin, Andree, Marcel, Hauka, Sandra, Feldt, Torsten, Keitel, Verena, Kindgen-Milles, Detlef, Timm, Jörg, Pfeffer, Klau, T Dilthey, Alexander, Moore, Catherine, Ozdarendeli, Aykut, Terkis Islam Pavel, Shaikh, Yetiskin, Hazel, Aydin, Gunsu, Holyavkin, Can, Ali Uygut, Muhammet, Cevik, Ceren, Shchetinin, Alexey, Gushchin, Vladimir, Dinler-Doganay, Gizem, Doganay, Levent, Kizilboga-Akgun, Tugba, Karacan, Ilker, Pancer, Katarzyna, Maes, Piet, Martí-Carreras, Joan, Wawina-Bokalanga, Tony, Thürmer, Andrea, Wedde, Marianne, Dürrwald, Ralf, Von Kleist, Max, Drechsel, Oliver, Wolff, Thorsten, Fuchs, Stephan, Kmiecinski, Rene, Michel, Janine, Nitsche, Andrea, Casas, Inmaculada, Iglesias Caballero, María, Zaballos, Ángel, Jiménez, Pilar, Jiménez, Mercede, Monzón Fernández, Sara, Varona Fernández, Sarai, Cuesta De La Plaza, Isabel, Fadeev, Artem, Ivanova, Anna, Sergeeva, Mariia, Stefanelli, Paola, Estee Torok, M, Hall, Grant, da Silva Filipe, Ana, Turtle, Lance, Afifi, Safiah, Mccluggage, Kathryn, Beer, Robert, Ledesma, Juan, Maksimovic, Joshua, Spellman, Karla, L Hamilton, William, Marchbank, Angela, Alexander Southgate, Joel, Underwood, Anthony, Taylor, Ben, Yeats, Corin, Abudahab, Khalil, R Gemmell, Matthew, Eccles, Richard, Lucaci, Anita, Abigail Nelson, Charlotte, Rainbow, Lucille, Whitehead, Mark, Gregory, Richard, Haldenby, Sam, Paterson, Steve, A Hughes, Margaret, D Curran, Martin, Baker, David, Tucker, Rachel, R Green, Luke, Feltwell, Theresa, D Halstead, Fenella, Wyles, Matthew, S Jahun, Aminu, Y Ahmad, Shazaad S, Georgana, Iliana, Goodfellow, Ian, Yakovleva, Anna, W Meredith, Luke, Gavriil, Artemi, Raza Awan, Ali, Fisher, Chloe, Jonathan, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [Stockholm, Sweden] (ECDC), Cardiff University, Public Health Wales [Cardiff, Royaume uni], University of Basel (Unibas), Research Institute of Influenza, St. Petersburg, Russia, Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), National University of Singapore (NUS), University of Edinburgh, WHO Regional Office for Europe [Copenhagen], We gratefully acknowledge the authors, originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GISAID’s EpiCoV Database used in the phylogenetic analysis. We gratefully acknowledge all the staff working with sample collection, sample preparation, sequencing, data analysis and data sharing in all laboratories in the WHO European Region for making this work possible, The WHO European Region sequencing laboratories and GISAID EpiCoV group*: Niko Beerenwinkel, Susana Posada-Céspedes, Kim Philipp Jablonski, Pedro Falé Ferreira, Ivan Topolsky, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, Miša Korva, Mario Poljak, Samo Zakotnik, Tomaž Mark Zorec, Karoline Bragstad, Olav Hungnes, Kathrine Stene-Johansen, Chantal Reusken, Adam Meijer, Harry Vennema, Lidia Ruiz-Roldán, María Alma Bracho, Neris García-González, Álvaro Chiner-Oms, Irving Cancino-Muñoz, Iñaki Comas, Galo A Goig, Manuela Torres-Puente, Mariana G López, Llúcia Martínez-Priego, Giuseppe D'Auria, Paula Ruíz-Hueso, Loreto Ferrús-Abad, Griselda de Marco, Inmaculada Galan-Vendrell, Sandra Carbó-Ramirez, Paula Ruiz-Rodriguez, Mireia Coscollá, Katerina Polackova, Lenka Kramna, Ondrej Cinek, Jan Richter, George Krashias, Christina Tryfonos, Stavros Bashiardes, Dana Koptides, Christina Christodoulou, Barbara Bartolini, Cesare Em Gruber, Antonino Di Caro, Concetta Castilletti, Fabrizio Stefani, Sara Giordana Rimoldi, Francesca Romeri, Franco Salerno, Stefano Polesello, Alexander Nagy, Helena Jirincova, Jaromira Vecerova, Ludmila Novakova, Samuel Cordey, Marine Murtskhvaladze, Nato Kotaria, Tobias Schär, Christian Beisel, Oliver Vugrek, Filip Rokić, Lovro Trgovec-Greif, Igor Jurak, Tomislav Rukavina, Neven Sučić, Kristian Schønning, Søren M Karst, Rasmus H Kirkegaard, Thomas Y Michaelsen, Emil Aa Sørensen, Simon Knutson, Jakob Brandt, Vang Le-Quy, Trine Sørensen, Celine Petersen, Martin Schou Pedersen, Sanne Løkkegaard Larsen, Marianne Nielsine Skov, Morten Rasmussen, Jannik Fonager, Anders Fomsgaard, Rinat Amirovich Maksyutov, Elena Vasil'Evna Gavrilova, Oleg Victorovich Pyankov, Sergey Alexandrovich Bodnev, Tatyana Vladimirovna Tregubchak, Alexander Nikolayevich Shvalov, Denis Victorovich Antonets, Paola Cristina Resende, Stephanie Goya, Amandine Perrin, Raphael Tc Lee, Shilpa Yadahalli, Alvin X Han, Colin A Russell, Stefan Schmutz, Maryam Zaheri, Verena Kufner, Michael Huber, Alexandra Trkola, Markus Antwerpen, Mathias C Walter, Sylvie van der Werf, Fabiana Gambaro, Sylvie Behillil, Vincent Enouf, Flora Donati, Monta Ustinova, Vita Rovite, Janis Klovins, Oksana Savicka, Anke K Wienecke-Baldacchino, Catherine Ragimbeau, Guillaume Fournier, Joël Mossong, Stephan W Aberle, Mattias Haukland, Theresa Enkirch, Abdolreza Advani, Maria Lind Karlberg, Oskar Karlsson Lindsjö, Sandra Broddesson, Monika Sláviková, Martina Ličková, Boris Klempa, Edita Staroňová, Elena Tichá, Tomáš Szemes, Diana Rusňáková, Tanja Stadler, Josep Quer, Andres Anton, Cristina Andres, Maria Piñana, Damir Garcia-Cehic, Tomas Pumarola, Jacques Izopet, Georgia Gioula, Maria Exindari, Anna Papa, Dimitrios Chatzidimitriou, Symeon Metallidis, Stella Pappa, Milan Macek Jr, Jan Geryk, Petr Brož, Aleš Briksí, Petr Hubáček, Pavel Dřevínek, Miroslav Zajac, Petr Kvapil, Michal Holub, Kateřina Kvapilová, Adam Novotný, Martin Kašný, Petr Klempt, Olli Vapalahti, Teemu Smura, Tarja Sironen, Philippe Selhorst, Colin Anthony, Kevin Ariën, Etienne Simon-Loriere, Lukasz Rabalski, Krystyna Bienkowska-Szewczyk, Vítor Borges, Joana Isidro, João Paulo Gomes, Raquel Guiomar, Pedro Pechirra, Inês Costa, Sílvia Duarte, Luís Vieira, Krzysztof Pyrc, Neta S Zuckerman, Shahlo Turdikulova, Alisher Abdullaev, Dilbar Dalimova, Abror Abdurakhimov, Adriano Tagliabracci, Federica Alessandrini, Filomena Melchionda, Valerio Onofri, Chiara Turchi, Patrizia Bagnarelli, Stefano Menzo, Sara Caucci, Laura Di Sante, Alexandra Popa, Jakob-Wendelin Genger, Benedikt Agerer, Alexander Lercher, Lukas Endler, Mark Smyth, Thomas Penz, Michael Schuster, Martin Senekowitsch, Jan Laine, Christoph Bock, Andreas Bergthaler, Alexandr Shevtsov, Ruslan Kalendar, Yerlan Ramanculov, Alexander Graf, Maximilian Muenchhoff, Oliver T Keppler, Stefan Krebs, Helmut Blum, Alessandro Marcello, Danilo Licastro, Pierlanfranco D'Agaro, Florian Laubscher, Dejan Vidanovic, Bojana Tesovic, Jeremy Volkening, Nicola Clementi, Nicasio Mancini, Maja Rupnik, Aleksander Mahnic, Andreas Walker, Torsten Houwaart, Tobias Wienemann, Malte Kohns Vasconcelos, Daniel Strelow, Björn-Erik Ole Jensen, Tina Senff, Lisanna Hülse, Ortwin Adams, Marcel Andree, Sandra Hauka, Torsten Feldt, Verena Keitel, Detlef Kindgen-Milles, Jörg Timm, Klaus Pfeffer, Alexander T Dilthey, Catherine Moore, Aykut Ozdarendeli, Shaikh Terkis Islam Pavel, Hazel Yetiskin, Gunsu Aydin, Can Holyavkin, Muhammet Ali Uygut, Ceren Cevik, Alexey Shchetinin, Vladimir Gushchin, Gizem Dinler-Doganay, Levent Doganay, Tugba Kizilboga-Akgun, Ilker Karacan, Katarzyna Pancer, Piet Maes, Joan Martí-Carreras, Tony Wawina-Bokalanga, Bert Vanmechelen, Andrea Thürmer, Marianne Wedde, Ralf Dürrwald, Max Von Kleist, Oliver Drechsel, Thorsten Wolff, Stephan Fuchs, Rene Kmiecinski, Janine Michel, Andreas Nitsche, Inmaculada Casas, María Iglesias Caballero, Ángel Zaballos, Pilar Jiménez, Mercedes Jiménez, Sara Monzón Fernández, Sarai Varona Fernández, Isabel Cuesta De La Plaza, Artem Fadeev, Anna Ivanova, Mariia Sergeeva, Paola Stefanelli, M Estee Torok, Grant Hall, Ana da Silva Filipe, Lance Turtle, Safiah Afifi, Kathryn Mccluggage, Robert Beer, Juan Ledesma, Joshua Maksimovic, Karla Spellman, William L Hamilton, Angela Marchbank, Joel Alexander Southgate, Anthony Underwood, Ben Taylor, Corin Yeats, Khalil Abudahab, Matthew R Gemmell, Richard Eccles, Anita Lucaci, Charlotte Abigail Nelson, Lucille Rainbow, Mark Whitehead, Richard Gregory, Sam Haldenby, Steve Paterson, Margaret A Hughes, Martin D Curran, David Baker, Rachel Tucker, Luke R Green, Theresa Feltwell, Fenella D Halstead, Matthew Wyles, Aminu S Jahun, Shazaad S Y Ahmad, Iliana Georgana, Ian Goodfellow, Anna Yakovleva, Luke W Meredith, Artemis Gavriil, Ali Raza Awan, Chloe Fisher, Jonathan Edgeworth, Jessica Lynch, Nathan Moore, Rebecca Williams, Stephen P Kidd, Nicholas Cortes, Kirstyn Brunker, John T Mccrone, Joshua Quick, Nichola Duckworth, Sarah Walsh, Tim Sloan, Catherine Ludden, Ryan P George, Gary Eltringham, Julianne R Brown, Elihu Aranday-Cortes, James G Shepherd, Joseph Hughes, Kathy K Li, Thomas C Williams, Natasha Johnson, Natasha Jesudason, Daniel Mair, Emma Thomson, Rajiv Shah, Yasmin A Parr, Stephen Carmichael, David L Robertson, Kyriaki Nomikou, Alice Broos, Marc Niebel, Katherine Smollett, Lily Tong, Shahjahan Miah, Anita Wittner, Nicole Phillips, Brendan Payne, Rebecca Dewar, Alison Holmes, Frances Bolt, James R Price, Siddharth Mookerjee, Dheeraj K Sethi, Will Potter, Rachael Stanley, Reenesh Prakash, Samir Dervisevic, Jonathan Clive Graham, Andrew Nelson, Darren Smith, Gregory R Young, Wen Chyin Yew, John A Todd, Amy Trebes, Monique Andersson, Matthew Bull, Joanne Watkins, Alec Birchley, Bree Gatica-Wilcox, Lauren Gilbert, Sara Kumžiene-Summerhayes, Sara Rey, Anoop Chauhan, Ethan Butcher, Kelly Bicknell, Scott Elliott, Sharon Glaysher, Angie Lackenby, David Bibby, Steven Platt, Hodan Mohamed, Nicholas William Machin, Jean Lutamyo Mbisa, Jonathan Evans, Malorie Perry, Nicole Pacchiarini, Sally Corden, Alexander Geraint Adams, Amy Gaskin, Jason Coombs, Lee John Graham, Simon Cottrell, Mari Morgan, Laura Gifford, Anastasia Kolyva, Steven John Rudder, Alexander J Trotter, Alison E Mather, Alp Aydin, Andrew J Page, Gemma L Kay, Leonardo de Oliveira Martins, Muhammad Yasir, Nabil-Fareed Alikhan, Nicholas M Thomson, Rachel Gilroy, Robert A Kingsley, Justin O'Grady, Ana Victoria Gutierrez, Maria Diaz, Thanh Le Viet, Ana P Tedim, Evelien M Adriaenssens, C Patrick Mcclure, Christopher Moore, Fei Sang, Gemma Clark, Hannah C Howson-Wells, Johnny Debebe, Jonathan Ball, Joseph Chappell, Manjinder Khakh, Matthew Carlile, Matthew Loose, Michelle M Lister, Nadine Holmes, Theocharis Tsoleridis, Vicki M Fleming, Victoria Wright, Wendy Smith, Michael D Gallagher, Matthew Parker, David G Partridge, Cariad Evans, Paul Baker, Sarah Essex, Steven Liggett, Alexander J Keeley, Matthew Bashton, Stefan Rooke, Samir Dervisevic, Emma Jane Meader, Carlos Enrique Balcazar Lopez, Adrienn Angyal, Mark Kristiansen, Helena J Tutill, Jacqueline Findlay, Lamia Mestek-Boukhibar, Leysa Forrest, Patricia Dyal, Rachel J Williams, Yasmin Panchbhaya, Charlotte A Williams, Sunando Roy, Sarojini Pandey, Jo Stockton, Nicholas J Loman, Radoslaw Poplawski, Samuel Nicholls, W P M Rowe, Fahad Khokhar, Malte Lars Pinckert, Myra Hosmillo, Yasmin Chaudhry, Laura G Caller, Rose K Davidson, Luke Griffith, Andrew Rambaut, Ben Jackson, Rachel Colquhoun, Verity Hill, Jenna Nichols, Patawee Asamaphan, Alistair Darby, Kathryn A Jackson, Miren Iturriza-Gomara, Ecaterina Edith Vamos, Angie Green, David Aanensen, David Bonsall, David Buck, George Macintyre-Cockett, Mariateresa de Cesare, Oliver Pybus, Tanya Golubchik, Garry Scarlett, Katie F Loveson, Samuel C Robson, Angela Beckett, Benjamin Lindsey, Danielle C Groves, Paul J Parsons, Martin P Mchugh, James Daniel Barnes, Carmen F Manso, Dimitris Grammatopoulos, Katja Elisabeth Menger, Ewan Harrison, Rory Gunson, Sharon J Peacock, Gabriel Gonzalez, Michael Carr, Lazar Mihaela, Odette Popovici, Mia Brytting, Catherine Bresner, William Fuller, Trudy Workman, Andreas F Mentis, Athanasios Kossyvakis, Timokratis Karamitros, Vasiliki Pogka, Antonios Kalliaropoulos, Elina Horefti, Aspasia Kontou, Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez, Voula Labropoulou, Androniki Voulgari-Kokota, Maria Evangelidou, Panagiota Bizta, Maria Belimezi, Laurens Lambrechts, Mehmet Z Doymaz, Merve Kalkan Yazici, Nesibe S Cetin, Elif Karaaslan, Hannimari Kallio-Kokko, Jenni Virtanen, Maija Suvanto, Phuoc Truong Nguyen, Pekka Ellonen, Sari Hannula, Harri Kangas, Vattipally B Sreenu, Katalin Burián, Gabriella Terhes, Katalin Gombos, Attila Gyenesei, Péter Urbán, Róbert Herczeg, Ferenc Jakab, Gábor Kemenesi, Gábor Endre Tóth, Balázs Somogyi, Brigitta Zana, Safia 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S., Turdikulova, S., Abdullaev, A., Dalimova, D., Abdurakhimov, A., Tagliabracci, A., Alessandrini, F., Melchionda, F., Onofri, V., Turchi, C., Bagnarelli, P., Menzo, S., Caucci, S., Di Sante, L., Popa, A., Genger, J. -W., Agerer, B., Lercher, A., Endler, L., Smyth, M., Penz, T., Schuster, M., Senekowitsch, M., Laine, J., Bock, C., Bergthaler, A., Shevtsov, A., Kalendar, R., Ramanculov, Y., Graf, A., Muenchhoff, M., Keppler, O. T., Krebs, S., Blum, H., Marcello, A., Licastro, D., D'Agaro, P., Laubscher, F., Vidanovic, D., Tesovic, B., Volkening, J., Clementi, N., Mancini, N., Rupnik, M., Mahnic, A., Walker, A., Houwaart, T., Wienemann, T., Vasconcelos, M. K., Strelow, D., Jensen, B. -E. O., Senff, T., Hulse, L., Adams, O., Andree, M., Hauka, S., Feldt, T., Keitel, V., Kindgen-Milles, D., Timm, J., Pfeffer, K., Dilthey, A. T., Moore, C., Ozdarendeli, A., Pavel, S. T. I., Yetiskin, H., Aydin, G., Holyavkin, C., Uygut, M. A., Cevik, C., Shchetinin, A., Gushchin, V., Dinler-Doganay, G., Doganay, L., Kizilboga-Akgun, T., Karacan, I., Pancer, K., Maes, P., Marti-Carreras, J., Wawina-Bokalanga, T., Vanmechelen, B., Thurmer, A., Wedde, M., Durrwald, R., von Kleist, M., Drechsel, O., Wolff, T., Fuchs, S., Kmiecinski, R., Michel, J., Nitsche, A., Casas, I., Caballero, M. I., Zaballos, A., Jimenez, P., Jimenez, M., Fernandez, S. M., Fernandez, S. V., de la Plaza, I. C., Fadeev, A., Ivanova, A., Sergeeva, M., Stefanelli, P., Estee Torok, M., Hall, G., da Silva Filipe, A., Turtle, L., Afifi, S., Mccluggage, K., Beer, R., Ledesma, J., Maksimovic, J., Spellman, K., Hamilton, W. L., Marchbank, A., Southgate, J. A., Underwood, A., Taylor, B., Yeats, C., Abudahab, K., Gemmell, M. R., Eccles, R., Lucaci, A., Nelson, C. A., Rainbow, L., Whitehead, M., Gregory, R., Haldenby, S., Paterson, S., Hughes, M. A., Curran, M. D., Baker, D., Tucker, R., Green, L. R., Feltwell, T., Halstead, F. D., Wyles, M., Jahun, A. S., Ahmad, S. S. Y., Georgana, I., Goodfellow, I., Yakovleva, A., Meredith, L. W., Gavriil, A., Awan, A. R., Fisher, C., Edgeworth, J., Lynch, J., Moore, N., Williams, R., Kidd, S. P., Cortes, N., Brunker, K., Mccrone, J. T., Quick, J., Duckworth, N., Walsh, S., Sloan, T., Ludden, C., George, R. P., Eltringham, G., Brown, J. R., Aranday-Cortes, E., Shepherd, J. G., Hughes, J., Li, K. K., Williams, T. C., Johnson, N., Jesudason, N., Mair, D., Thomson, E., Shah, R., Parr, Y. A., Carmichael, S., Robertson, D. L., Nomikou, K., Broos, A., Niebel, M., Smollett, K., Tong, L., Miah, S., Wittner, A., Phillips, N., Payne, B., Dewar, R., Holmes, A., Bolt, F., Price, J. R., Mookerjee, S., Sethi, D. K., Potter, W., Stanley, R., Prakash, R., Dervisevic, S., Graham, J. C., Nelson, A., Smith, D., Young, G. R., Yew, W. C., Todd, J. A., Trebes, A., Andersson, M., Bull, M., Watkins, J., Birchley, A., Gatica-Wilcox, B., Gilbert, L., Kumziene-Summerhayes, S., Rey, S., Chauhan, A., Butcher, E., Bicknell, K., Elliott, S., Glaysher, S., Lackenby, A., Bibby, D., Platt, S., Mohamed, H., Machin, N. W., Mbisa, J. L., Evans, J., Perry, M., Pacchiarini, N., Corden, S., Adams, A. G., Gaskin, A., Coombs, J., Graham, L. J., Cottrell, S., Morgan, M., Gifford, L., Kolyva, A., Rudder, S. J., Trotter, A. J., Mather, A. E., Aydin, A., Page, A. J., Kay, G. L., de Oliveira Martins, L., Yasir, M., Alikhan, N. -F., Thomson, N. M., Gilroy, R., Kingsley, R. A., O'Grady, J., Gutierrez, A. V., Diaz, M., Viet, T. L., Tedim, A. P., Adriaenssens, E. M., Patrick Mcclure, C., Sang, F., Clark, G., Howson-Wells, H. C., Debebe, J., Ball, J., Chappell, J., Khakh, M., Carlile, M., Loose, M., Lister, M. M., Holmes, N., Tsoleridis, T., Fleming, V. M., Wright, V., Smith, W., Gallagher, M. D., Parker, M., Partridge, D. G., Evans, C., Baker, P., Essex, S., Liggett, S., Keeley, A. J., Bashton, M., Rooke, S., Dervisavic, S., Meader, E. J., Lopez, C. E. B., Angyal, A., Kristiansen, M., Tutill, H. J., Findlay, J., Mestek-Boukhibar, L., Forrest, L., Dyal, P., Williams, R. J., Panchbhaya, Y., Williams, C. A., Roy, S., Pandey, S., Stockton, J., Loman, N. J., Poplawski, R., Nicholls, S., Rowe, W. P. M., Khokhar, F., Pinckert, M. L., Hosmillo, M., Chaudhry, Y., Caller, L. G., Davidson, R. K., Griffith, L., Rambaut, A., Jackson, B., Colquhoun, R., Hill, V., Nichols, J., Asamaphan, P., Darby, A., Jackson, K. A., Iturriza-Gomara, M., Vamos, E. E., Green, A., Aanensen, D., Bonsall, D., Buck, D., Macintyre-Cockett, G., de Cesare, M., Pybus, O., Golubchik, T., Scarlett, G., Loveson, K. F., Robson, S. C., Beckett, A., Lindsey, B., Groves, D. C., Parsons, P. J., Mchugh, M. P., Barnes, J. D., Manso, C. F., Grammatopoulos, D., Menger, K. E., Harrison, E., Gunson, R., Peacock, S. J., Gonzalez, G., Carr, M., Mihaela, L., Popovici, O., Brytting, M., Bresner, C., Fuller, W., Workman, T., Mentis, A. F., Kossyvakis, A., Karamitros, T., Pogka, V., Kalliaropoulos, A., Horefti, E., Kontou, A., Martinez-Gonzalez, B., Labropoulou, V., Voulgari-Kokota, A., Evangelidou, M., Bizta, P., Belimezi, M., Lambrechts, L., Doymaz, M. Z., Yazici, M. K., Cetin, N. S., Karaaslan, E., Kallio-Kokko, H., Virtanen, J., Suvanto, M., Nguyen, P. T., Ellonen, P., Hannula, S., Kangas, H., Sreenu, V. B., Burian, K., Terhes, G., Gombos, K., Gyenesei, A., Urban, P., Herczeg, R., Jakab, F., Kemenesi, G., Toth, G. E., Somogyi, B., Zana, B., Zeghbib, S., Kuczmog, A., Foldes, F., Lanszki, Z., Madai, M., Papp, H., Pereszlenyi, C. I., Babinszky, G. C., Dudas, G., Csoma, E., Abou Tayoun, A. N., Alsheikh-Ali, A. A., Loney, T., Nowotny, N., Abdul-Wahab, O., Gonzalez-Candelas, F., Andersen, M. H., Taylor, S., European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Public Health Wales Microbiology Cardiff, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Agricultural Sciences, and Institute of Biotechnology
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Infecções Respiratórias ,0301 basic medicine ,MESH: Coronavirus Infections ,Epidemiology ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Distribution (economics) ,Wastewater ,MESH: Base Sequence ,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ,MESH: World Health Organization ,Pandemic ,MESH: Coronavirus ,MESH: COVID-19 ,Sequencing ,Viral ,Clade ,Nomenclature ,Genome ,biology ,COVID-19 ,Europe ,NGS ,SARS-CoV-2 ,WGS ,nomenclature ,sequencing ,Base Sequence ,Betacoronavirus ,Coronavirus ,Coronavirus Infections ,Genome, Viral ,Humans ,Phylogeography ,Pneumonia, Viral ,RNA, Viral ,RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,World Health Organization ,Pandemics ,C500 ,European region ,3. Good health ,Geography ,MESH: Phylogeography ,MESH: RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase ,MESH: RNA, Viral ,MESH: Betacoronavirus ,Spatio-Temporal Analysi ,MESH: Genome, Viral ,Cartography ,Human ,Bioquímica ,MESH: Pandemics ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Coronaviru ,030106 microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,MESH: Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,MESH: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ,Virology ,MESH: SARS-CoV-2 ,Whole genome sequencing ,MESH: Humans ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,Betacoronaviru ,Coronavirus Infection ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Pneumonia ,biology.organism_classification ,B900 ,030104 developmental biology ,MESH: Pneumonia, Viral ,RNA ,SARS_CoV-2 ,3111 Biomedicine ,MESH: Europe ,Human medicine ,business - Abstract
8 páginas, 3 figuras, We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2., We gratefully acknowledge the authors, originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GISAID’s EpiCoV Database used in the phylogenetic analysis. We gratefully acknowledge all the staff working with sample collection, sample preparation, sequencing, data analysis and data sharing in all laboratories in the WHO European Region for making this work possible.
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36. Amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduce inflammation and improve lung function following transplantation in a porcine model.
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Edström D, Niroomand A, Stenlo M, Broberg E, Hirdman G, Ghaidan H, Hyllén S, Pierre L, Olm F, and Lindstedt S
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- Animals, Swine, Lung, Female, Mesenchymal Stem Cells cytology, Inflammation, Amniotic Fluid cytology, Lung Transplantation, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Disease Models, Animal
- Abstract
Background: Lung transplantation is hindered by low donor lung utilization rates. Infectious complications are reasons to decline donor grafts due to fear of post-transplant primary graft dysfunction. Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising therapy currently investigated in treating lung injury. Full-term amniotic fluid-derived lung-specific mesenchymal stem cell treatment may regenerate damaged lungs. These cells have previously demonstrated inflammatory mediation in other respiratory diseases, and we hypothesized that treatment would improve donor lung quality and postoperative outcomes., Methods: In a transplantation model, donor pigs were stratified to either the treated or the nontreated group. Acute respiratory distress syndrome was induced in donor pigs and harvested lungs were placed on ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) before transplantation. Treatment consisted of 3 doses of 2 × 10
6 cells/kg: one during EVLP and 2 after transplantation. Donors and recipients were assessed on clinically relevant parameters and recipients were followed for 3 days before evaluation for primary graft dysfunction (PGD)., Results: Repeated injection of the cell treatment showed reductions in inflammation seen through lowered immune cell counts, reduced histology signs of inflammation, and decreased cytokines in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Treated recipients showed improved pulmonary function, including increased PaO2 /FiO2 ratios and reduced incidence of PGD., Conclusions: Repeated injection of lung-specific cell treatment during EVLP and post transplant was associated with improved function of previously damaged lungs. Cell treatment may be considered as a potential therapy to increase the number of lungs available for transplantation and the improvement of postoperative outcomes., (Copyright © 2024 International Society for the Heart and Lung Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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37. Different Lengths of Gestational Exposure to Secondhand Smoke or e-Cigarette Vapor Induce the Development of Placental Disease Symptoms.
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Kirkham MN, Cooper C, Broberg E, Robertson P, Clarke D, Pickett BE, Bikman B, Reynolds PR, and Arroyo JA
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- Pregnancy, Female, Animals, Mice, Placenta Diseases pathology, Placenta Diseases chemically induced, E-Cigarette Vapor adverse effects, Maternal Exposure adverse effects, Blood Pressure drug effects, Fetal Growth Retardation chemically induced, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Tobacco Smoke Pollution adverse effects, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Placenta drug effects, Placenta pathology
- Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke is known to induce disease during pregnancy. Recent evidence showed that exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) negatively impacts fetal and placental weights, leading to the development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Electronic cigarettes (eCigs) represent a phenomenon that has recently emerged, and their use is also steadily rising. Even so, the effects of SHS or eCigs during gestation remain limited. In the present study, we wanted to characterize the effects of SHS or eCig exposure at two different important gestational points during mouse pregnancy. C57/Bl6 mice were exposed to SHS or eCigs via a nose-only delivery system for 4 days (from 14.5 to 17.5 gestational days (dGA) or for 6 days (from 12.5 dGA to 17.5 dGA)). At the time of necropsy (18.5 dGA), placental and fetal weights were recorded, maternal blood pressure was determined, and a dipstick test to measure proteinuria was performed. Placental tissues were collected, and inflammatory molecules in the placenta were identified. Treatment with SHS showed the following: (1) a significant decrease in placental and fetal weights following four days of exposure, (2) higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure following six days of exposure, and (3) increased proteinuria after six days of exposure. Treatment with eCigs showed the following: (1) a significant decrease in placental weight and fetal weight following four or six days of exposure, (2) higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure following six days of exposure, and (3) increased proteinuria after six days of exposure. We also observed different inflammatory markers associated with the development of IUGR or PE. We conclude that the detrimental effects of SHS or eCig treatment coincide with the length of maternal exposure. These results could be beneficial in understanding the long-term effects of SHS or eCig exposure in the development of placental diseases.
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- 2024
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38. Proteomic Analysis of Primary Graft Dysfunction in Porcine Lung Transplantation Reveals Alveolar-Capillary Barrier Changes Underlying the High Particle Flow Rate in Exhaled Breath.
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Niroomand A, Hirdman G, Bèchet N, Ghaidan H, Stenlo M, Kjellström S, Isaksson M, Broberg E, Pierre L, Hyllén S, Olm F, and Lindstedt S
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- Animals, Swine, Humans, Female, Male, Exhalation, Lung Transplantation adverse effects, Proteomics methods, Primary Graft Dysfunction metabolism, Primary Graft Dysfunction etiology, Breath Tests methods, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry
- Abstract
Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) remains a challenge for lung transplantation (LTx) recipients as a leading cause of poor early outcomes. New methods are needed for more detailed monitoring and understanding of the pathophysiology of PGD. The measurement of particle flow rate (PFR) in exhaled breath is a novel tool to monitor and understand the disease at the proteomic level. In total, 22 recipient pigs underwent orthotopic left LTx and were evaluated for PGD on postoperative day 3. Exhaled breath particles (EBPs) were evaluated by mass spectrometry and the proteome was compared to tissue biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Findings were confirmed in EBPs from 11 human transplant recipients. Recipients with PGD had significantly higher PFR [686.4 (449.7-8,824.0) particles per minute (ppm)] compared to recipients without PGD [116.6 (79.7-307.4) ppm, p = 0.0005]. Porcine and human EBP proteins recapitulated proteins found in the BAL, demonstrating its utility instead of more invasive techniques. Furthermore, adherens and tight junction proteins were underexpressed in PGD tissue. Histological and proteomic analysis found significant changes to the alveolar-capillary barrier explaining the high PFR in PGD. Exhaled breath measurement is proposed as a rapid and non-invasive bedside measurement of PGD., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Niroomand, Hirdman, Bèchet, Ghaidan, Stenlo, Kjellström, Isaksson, Broberg, Pierre, Hyllén, Olm and Lindstedt.)
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- 2024
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39. Systematic review of seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and appraisal of evidence, prior to the widespread introduction of vaccine programmes in the WHO European Region, January-December 2020.
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Vaughan A, Duffell E, Freidl GS, Lemos DS, Nardone A, Valenciano M, Subissi L, Bergeri I, K Broberg E, Penttinen P, Pebody R, and Keramarou M
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- Humans, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Seroepidemiologic Studies, World Health Organization, COVID-19
- Abstract
Objectives: Systematic review of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies undertaken in the WHO European Region to measure pre-existing and cumulative seropositivity prior to the roll out of vaccination programmes., Design: A systematic review of the literature., Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and the preprint servers MedRxiv and BioRxiv in the WHO 'COVID-19 Global literature on coronavirus disease' database using a predefined search strategy. Articles were supplemented with unpublished WHO-supported Unity-aligned seroprevalence studies and other studies reported directly to WHO Regional Office for Europe and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control., Eligibility Criteria: Studies published before the widespread implementation of COVID-19 vaccination programmes in January 2021 among the general population and blood donors, at national and regional levels., Data Extraction and Synthesis: At least two independent researchers extracted the eligible studies; a third researcher resolved any disagreements. Study risk of bias was assessed using a quality scoring system based on sample size, sampling and testing methodologies., Results: In total, 111 studies from 26 countries published or conducted between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2020 across the WHO European Region were included. A significant heterogeneity in implementation was noted across the studies, with a paucity of studies from the east of the Region. Sixty-four (58%) studies were assessed to be of medium to high risk of bias. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity prior to widespread community circulation was very low. National seroprevalence estimates after circulation started ranged from 0% to 51.3% (median 2.2% (IQR 0.7-5.2%); n=124), while subnational estimates ranged from 0% to 52% (median 5.8% (IQR 2.3%-12%); n=101), with the highest estimates in areas following widespread local transmission., Conclusions: The low levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibody in most populations prior to the start of vaccine programmes underlines the critical importance of targeted vaccination of priority groups at risk of severe disease, while maintaining reduced levels of transmission to minimise population morbidity and mortality., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2023
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40. Integrin α10β1-selected mesenchymal stem cells reduced hypercoagulopathy in a porcine model of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Edström D, Niroomand A, Stenlo M, Uvebrant K, Bölükbas DA, Hirdman G, Broberg E, Lim HC, Hyllén S, Lundgren-Åkerlund E, Pierre L, Olm F, and Lindstedt S
- Subjects
- Animals, Integrins, Retrospective Studies, Swine, Lung Injury, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Respiratory Distress Syndrome diagnosis
- Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied for their potential benefits in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and have reported mild effects when trialed within human clinical trials. MSCs have been investigated in preclinical models with efficacy when administered at the time of lung injury. Human integrin α10β1-selected adipose tissue-derived MSCs (integrin α10β1-MSCs) have shown immunomodulatory and regenerative effects in various disease models. We hypothesized that integrin α10β1 selected-MSCs can be used to treat a sepsis-induced ARDS in a porcine model when administering cells after established injury rather than simultaneously. This was hypothesized to reflect a clinical picture of treatment with MSCs in human ARDS. 12 pigs were randomized to the treated or placebo-controlled group prior to the induction of mild to moderate ARDS via lipopolysaccharide administration. The treated group received 5 × 10
6 cells/kg integrin α10β1-selected MSCs and both groups were followed for 12 h. ARDS was confirmed with blood gases and retrospectively with histological changes. After intervention, the treated group showed decreased need for inotropic support, fewer signs of histopathological lung injury including less alveolar wall thickening and reduction of the hypercoagulative disease state. The MSC treatment was not associated with adverse events over the monitoring period. This provides new opportunities to investigate integrin α10β1-selected MSCs as a treatment for a disease which does not yet have any definitive therapeutic options., (© 2023. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2023
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41. Releasing high positive end-expiratory pressure to a low level generates a pronounced increase in particle flow from the airways.
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Broberg E, Pierre L, Fakhro M, Malmsjö M, Lindstedt S, and Hyllén S
- Abstract
Objectives: Detecting particle flow from the airways by a non-invasive analyzing technique might serve as an additional tool to monitor mechanical ventilation. In the present study, we used a customized particles in exhaled air (PExA) technique, which is an optical particle counter for the monitoring of particle flow in exhaled air. We studied particle flow while increasing and releasing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different levels of PEEP on particle flow in exhaled air in an experimental setting. We hypothesized that gradually increasing PEEP will reduce the particle flow from the airways and releasing PEEP from a high level to a low level will result in increased particle flow., Methods: Five fully anesthetized domestic pigs received a gradual increase of PEEP from 5 cmH
2 O to a maximum of 25 cmH2 O during volume-controlled ventilation. The particle count along with vital parameters and ventilator settings were collected continuously and measurements were taken after every increase in PEEP. The particle sizes measured were between 0.41 µm and 4.55 µm., Results: A significant increase in particle count was seen going from all levels of PEEP to release of PEEP. At a PEEP level of 15 cmH2 O, there was a median particle count of 282 (154-710) compared to release of PEEP to a level of 5 cmH2 O which led to a median particle count of 3754 (2437-10,606) (p < 0.009). A decrease in blood pressure was seen from baseline to all levels of PEEP and significantly so at a PEEP level of 20 cmH2 O., Conclusions: In the present study, a significant increase in particle count was seen on releasing PEEP back to baseline compared to all levels of PEEP, while no changes were seen when gradually increasing PEEP. These findings further explore the significance of changes in particle flow and their part in pathophysiological processes within the lung., (© 2023. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2023
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42. Sex Differences in Treatment and Prognosis of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
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Broberg E, Hjalmarsson C, Setalani M, Milenkoski R, and Andersson B
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- Humans, Female, Male, Cerebral Hemorrhage therapy, Cerebral Hemorrhage complications, Prognosis, Registries, Sex Characteristics, Stroke complications
- Abstract
Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10%-15% of all stroke cases and is associated with a high risk of death and disability. Prior studies in ischemic stroke have demonstrated a less favorable outcome in women compared with men, but there is a paucity of data regarding differences in outcome by sex in ICH. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible sex differences in acute care and the 3-months follow-up of patients with ICH. Methods: Data were collected from the Swedish National Stroke Registry (Riksstroke). Demographic and baseline characteristics were collected, based on in-hospital data and data from 3-months follow-up. Results: Variables of interest were collected from 1,403 patients. Women (45.1%) were significantly older than men, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 77 ± 13years, versus 71 ± 14 years, p < 0.01. On admission, the ICH severity was similar in men and women. There was no significant association between sex and reception of neuroimaging or neurosurgery. Women were less likely to be treated in a stroke unit (80.8% vs. 85.3%, p = 0.03), or discharged to home (51.5% vs. 63.4%, p < 0.01). At 3-months follow-up, there were no sex-related differences regarding dependence, post-ICH self-reported depression, or case fatality. Conclusions: Women were less likely to be treated in a stroke unit, and were less often discharged to home. However, no significant differences in 3-month functional outcome or survival between men and women with ICH were found in this study.
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- 2023
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43. Reduction of primary graft dysfunction using cytokine adsorption during organ preservation and after lung transplantation.
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Ghaidan H, Stenlo M, Niroomand A, Mittendorfer M, Hirdman G, Gvazava N, Edström D, Silva IAN, Broberg E, Hallgren O, Olm F, Wagner DE, Pierre L, Hyllén S, and Lindstedt S
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Animals, Cytokines, Lung, Organ Preservation, Perfusion, Swine, Tissue Donors, Lung Transplantation adverse effects, Primary Graft Dysfunction epidemiology, Primary Graft Dysfunction prevention & control, Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Abstract
Despite improvements, lung transplantation remains hampered by both a scarcity of donor organs and by mortality following primary graft dysfunction (PGD). Since acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) limits donor lungs utilization, we investigated cytokine adsorption as a means of treating ARDS donor lungs. We induced mild to moderate ARDS using lipopolysaccharide in 16 donor pigs. Lungs were then treated with or without cytokine adsorption during ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) and/or post-transplantation using extracorporeal hemoperfusion. The treatment significantly decreased cytokine levels during EVLP and decreased levels of immune cells post-transplantation. Histology demonstrated fewer signs of lung injury across both treatment periods and the incidence of PGD was significantly reduced among treated animals. Overall, cytokine adsorption was able to restore lung function and reduce PGD in lung transplantation. We suggest this treatment will increase the availability of donor lungs and increase the tolerability of donor lungs in the recipient., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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44. Particle flow rate from the airways as fingerprint diagnostics in mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit: a randomised controlled study.
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Hallgren F, Stenlo M, Niroomand A, Broberg E, Hyllén S, Malmsjö M, and Lindstedt S
- Abstract
Introduction: Mechanical ventilation can be monitored by analysing particles in exhaled air as measured by particle flow rate (PFR). This could be a potential method of detecting ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) before changes in conventional parameters can be detected. The aim of this study was to investigate PFR during different ventilation modes in patients without lung pathology., Method: A prospective study was conducted on patients on mechanical ventilation in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU). A PExA 2.0 device was connected to the expiratory limb on the ventilator for continuous measurement of PFR in 30 patients randomised to either volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) or pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) for 30 min including a recruitment manoeuvre. PFR measurements were continued as the patients were transitioned to pressure-regulated volume control (PRVC) and then pressure support ventilation (PSV) until extubation., Results: PRVC resulted in significantly lower PFR, while those on PSV had the highest PFR. The distribution of particles differed significantly between the different ventilation modes., Conclusions: Measuring PFR is safe after cardiac surgery in the ICU and may constitute a novel method of continuously monitoring the small airways in real time. A low PFR during mechanical ventilation may correlate to a gentle ventilation strategy. PFR increases as the patient transitions from controlled mechanical ventilation to autonomous breathing, which most likely occurs as recruitment by the diaphragm opens up more distal airways. Different ventilation modes resulted in unique particle patterns and could be used as a fingerprint for the different ventilation modes., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: All authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright ©The authors 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
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45. COVID-19 research priorities for non-pharmaceutical public health and social measures.
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Semenza JC, Adlhoch C, Baka A, Broberg E, Cenciarelli O, De Angelis S, Einoder-Moreno M, Dalmau IJQ, Kinross P, Kinsman J, Leitmeyer K, Melidou A, Needham H, Plachouras D, Robesyn E, Rosales-Klintz S, Suk JE, Suetens C, Weist K, Würz A, and Penttinen P
- Subjects
- COVID-19 Testing, Communication, Contact Tracing, Epidemiological Monitoring, Humans, Mental Health, Physical Distancing, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 transmission, Research
- Abstract
Europe is in the midst of a COVID-19 epidemic and a number of non-pharmaceutical public health and social measures have been implemented, in order to contain the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. These measures are fundamental elements of the public health approach to controlling transmission but have proven not to be sufficiently effective. Therefore, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control has conducted an assessment of research gaps that can help inform policy decisions regarding the COVID-19 response. We have identified research gaps in the area of non-pharmaceutical measures, physical distancing, contact tracing, transmission, communication, mental health, seasonality and environment/climate, surveillance and behavioural aspects of COVID-19. This prioritisation exercise is a step towards the global efforts of developing a coherent research road map in coping with the current epidemic but also developing preparedness measures for the next unexpected epidemic.
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- 2021
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46. Variable Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Detection in European Expert Laboratories: External Quality Assessment, June and July 2020.
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Fischer C, Mögling R, Melidou A, Kühne A, Oliveira-Filho EF, Wolff T, Reiche J, Broberg E, Drosten C, Meijer A, Leitmeyer K, Drexler JF, and Reusken CBEM
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- Coronavirus 229E, Human, Coronavirus NL63, Human, Coronavirus OC43, Human, Humans, Alphainfluenzavirus, Betainfluenzavirus, Laboratories, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Sensitivity and Specificity, COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 Testing standards
- Abstract
During the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, robust detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a key element for clinical management and to interrupt transmission chains. We organized an external quality assessment (EQA) of molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 for European expert laboratories. An EQA panel composed of 12 samples, containing either SARS-CoV-2 at different concentrations to evaluate sensitivity or other respiratory viruses to evaluate specificity of SARS-CoV-2 testing, was distributed to 68 laboratories in 35 countries. Specificity samples included seasonal human coronaviruses hCoV-229E, hCoV-NL63, and hCoV-OC43, as well as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), SARS-CoV, and human influenza viruses A and B. Sensitivity results differed among laboratories, particularly for low-concentration SARS-CoV-2 samples. Results indicated that performance was mostly independent of the selection of specific extraction or PCR methods., (Copyright © 2021 Fischer et al.)
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- 2021
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47. A Human Rights-Based Approach to Psychiatry: Is It Possible?
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Broberg E, Persson A, Jacobson A, and Engqvist AK
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- Humans, Pilot Projects, Psychiatry legislation & jurisprudence, Respect, Sweden, Delivery of Health Care trends, Human Rights trends, Psychiatry trends, Social Responsibility
- Abstract
While it is becoming more common to hear calls for a human rights-based approach (HRBA) to health, documented efforts to apply the approach in practice remain scant. This paper presents a review of a pilot study applying an HRBA to psychiatric care in Gothenburg, Sweden. Based on the reflections of some involved in the pilot, and on the evaluation carried out, it presents the context, process, effects, and lessons learned. In the paper, we structure our experiences of an HRBA around the United Nations' guiding principles of dignity and empowerment, equality and non-discrimination, participation and inclusion, accountability, and transparency. We discuss challenges encountered during the project, such as realizing meaningful participation and challenging the hierarchies of different professions within care. We also discuss successes, such as contributing to an overall strategic goal to eliminate all coercive measures in psychiatric care. We then offer our reflections, as the core team involved in the pilot, on how to make an HRBA sustainable in a large organization and provide practical recommendations based on our experiences., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (Copyright © 2020 Broberg, Persson, Jacobson, and Engqvist.)
- Published
- 2020
48. Mechanically ventilated patients exhibit decreased particle flow in exhaled breath as compared to normal breathing patients.
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Broberg E, Andreasson J, Fakhro M, Olin AC, Wagner D, Hyllén S, and Lindstedt S
- Abstract
Introduction: In this cohort study, we evaluated whether the particles in exhaled air (PExA) device can be used in conjunction with mechanical ventilation during surgery. The PExA device consists of an optical particle counter and an impactor that collects particles in exhaled air. Our aim was to establish the feasibility of the PExA device in combination with mechanical ventilation (MV) during surgery and if collected particles could be analysed. Patients with and without nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing lung surgery were compared to normal breathing (NB) patients with NSCLC., Methods: A total of 32 patients were included, 17 patients with NSCLC (MV-NSCLC), nine patients without NSCLC (MV-C) and six patients with NSCLC and not intubated (NB). The PEx samples were analysed for the most common phospholipids in surfactant using liquid-chromatography-mass-spectrometry (LCMS)., Results: MV-NSCLC and MV-C had significantly lower numbers of particles exhaled per minute (particle flow rate; PFR) compared to NB. MV-NSCLC and MV-C also had a siginificantly lower amount of phospholipids in PEx when compared to NB. MV-NSCLC had a significantly lower amount of surfactant A compared to NB., Conclusion: We have established the feasibility of the PExA device. Particles could be collected and analysed. We observed lower PFR from MV compared to NB. High PFR during MV may be due to more frequent opening and closing of the airways, known to be harmful to the lung. Online use of the PExA device might be used to monitor and personalise settings for mechanical ventilation to lower the risk of lung damage., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: E. Broberg has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J. Andreasson has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Fakhro has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A-C. Olin reports that she is a board member and shareholder of PExA AB, and has a patent (wo2009045163) licenced to PExA AB. Conflict of interest: D. Wagner reports a Wallenberg Molecular Medicine Fellowship during the conduct of the study; and speaker's honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, an ERC Starting Grant and a Swedish Research Council Starting Grant, outside the submitted work. Conflict of interest: S. Hyllén has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: S. Lindstedt reports a Wallenberg Molecular Medicine Fellowship, and grants from the Sjöberg Foundation and the ALF foundation, during the conduct of the study., (Copyright ©ERS 2020.)
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- 2020
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49. Particle Flow Profiles From the Airways Measured by PExA Differ in Lung Transplant Recipients Who Develop Primary Graft Dysfunction.
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Broberg E, Hyllén S, Algotsson L, Wagner DE, and Lindstedt S
- Subjects
- Airway Extubation, Equipment Design, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Primary Graft Dysfunction diagnosis, Primary Graft Dysfunction physiopathology, Risk Factors, Sweden, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Breath Tests instrumentation, Lung Transplantation adverse effects, Primary Graft Dysfunction etiology, Respiration, Artificial adverse effects
- Abstract
Objectives: Primary graft dysfunction is a severe form of acute lung injury and a major cause of early morbidity and mortality encountered after lung transplant.We used a customized PExA 2.0 instrument (PExA, Gothenburg, Sweden) to measure particle flow in exhaled air during mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Our objective was to discover whether patients who developed primary graft dysfunction had different particle flow patterns from the airways. We used volume-controlled ventilation and pressure-controlled ventilation to see whether changes in particle patterns could be observed in both mechanical ventilation settings., Materials and Methods: First, we investigated whether it was safe to use a customized PExA 2.0 in conjunction with mechanical ventilation. Next, 12 lung transplant patients were randomized to either daily volumecontrolled ventilation or pressure-controlled ventilation as the first mode of treatment until extubation., Results: In our study group, 6 patients did not develop primary graft dysfunction and 6 developed primary graft dysfunction. Patients with primary graft dysfunction underwent mechanical ventilation significantly longer; they also showed a stepwise increase in particle count from day 0 until extubation. We observed no adverse events related to the PExA 2.0 device., Conclusions: This study suggests that the PExA 2.0 device is safe to use in conjunction with mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Lung transplant patients who developed primary graft dysfunction showed a different particle profile from the airways before clinical signs of primary graft dysfunction developed. Online assessment of ventilation impact before presentation of tissue changes may allow realtime detection of primary graft dysfunction, thus preventing or reducing its effects.
- Published
- 2019
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50. Different particle flow patterns from the airways after recruitment manoeuvres using volume-controlled or pressure-controlled ventilation.
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Broberg E, Pierre L, Fakhro M, Algotsson L, Malmsjö M, Hyllén S, and Lindstedt S
- Abstract
Objectives: Noninvasive online monitoring of different particle flows from the airways may serve as an additional tool to assess mechanical ventilation. In the present study, we used a customised PExA, an optical particle counter for monitoring particle flow and size distribution in exhaled air, to analyse airway particle flow for three subsequent days. We compared volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and performed recruitment manoeuvres (RM)., Methods: Six animals were randomised into two groups: half received VCV before PCV and the other half received PCV before VCV. Measurements were taken daily for 1 h in each mode during three subsequent days in six fully anaesthetised domestic pigs. A RM was performed twice daily for 60 s at positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 10, 4 breaths/min and inspiratory-expiratory ratio (I:E) of 2:1. Measurements were taken for 3 min before the RM, 1 min during the RM and for 3 min after the RM. The particle sizes measured were between 0.48 and 3.37 μm., Results: A significant stepwise decrease was observed in total particle count from day 1 to day 3, and at the same time, an increase in fluid levels was seen. Comparing VCV to PCV, a significant increase in total particle count was observed on day 2, with the highest particle count occurring during VCV. A significant increase was observed comparing before and after RM on day 1 and 2 but not on day 3. One animal developed ARDS and showed a different particle pattern compared to the other animals., Conclusions: This study shows the safety and useability of the PExA technique used in conjunction with mechanical ventilation. We detected differences between the ventilation modes VCV and PCV in total particle count without any significant changes in ventilator pressure levels, FiO
2 levels or the animals' vital parameters. The findings during RM indicate an opening of the small airways, but the effect is short lived. We have also showed that VCV and PCV may affect the lung physiology differently during recruitment manoeuvres. These findings might indicate that this technique may provide more refined information on the impact of mechanical ventilation.- Published
- 2019
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