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17 results on '"Brindle, Richard J."'

2. Penicillin to Prevent Recurrent Leg Cellulitis

Author

Thomas, Kim S., Crook, Angela M., Nunn, Andrew J., Foster, Katharine A., Mason, James M., Chalmers, Joanne R., Nasr, Ibrahim S., Brindle, Richard J., English, John, Meredith, Sarah K., Reynolds, Nicholas J., de Berker, David, Mortimer, Peter S., and Williams, Hywel C.

Published
2013
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4. Life-threatening bacteraemia in HIV-1 seropositive adults admitted to hospital in Nairobi, Kenya

Author

Gilks, Charles F., Brindle, Richard J., Otieno, Leaber S., Simani, Philip M., Newnham, Robert S., Bhatt, Shirikat M., Lule, Godfrey N., Okelo, Gideon B.A., Watkins, William M., Waiyaki, Peter G., Were, Joab B.O., and Warrell, David A.

Subjects
Bacteremia -- Kenya, Bacteremia -- Prognosis, AIDS virus carriers -- Care and treatment, HIV infection -- Complications, HIV infection -- Demographic aspects
Published
1990

8. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection among HIV-infected patients in Kenya

Author

Gilks, Charles F., Brindle, Richard J., Mwachari, Christine, Batchelor, Barry, Bwayo, Joab, Kimari, Joseph, Arbeit, Robert D., and Reyn, C. Fordham von

Subjects
Mycobacterial infections -- Demographic aspects, Mycobacterium avium complex -- Identification and classification, Health
Abstract

The incidence of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection in HIV-infected patients in Africa appears to be approximately one percent. Many researchers believed this infection by a bacterium related to the tuberculosis bacterium did not occur in Africa, although it occurs often in HIV-infected patients in the US. Researchers tested 48 people in Kenya with advanced HIV infection for the presence of any species of Mycobacterium. Most had CD4 counts less than 200. Of the 14 people who tested positive, 11 were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 3 were infected with Mycobacterium avium. Half of the patients with CD4 counts less than 25 were infected, compared with 5% of those with higher CD4 counts. Sixty-four percent of those infected with Mycobacterium died, compared to 38% of those not infected. Two of the three patients infected with Mycobacterium avium died. The low incidence of Mycobacterium avium infection in Africa may result from the fact that HIV patients die before they become severely immunosuppressed.

Published
1995

15. Evidence of Previous Infection with Mycobacterium avium-Mycobacterium intracellulare Complex among Healthy Subjects: An International Study of Dominant Mycobacterial Skin Test Reactions.

Author

von Reyn, C. Fordham, Barber, Thomas W., Arbeit, Robert D., Sox, Carol H., O'Connor, Gerald T., Brindle, Richard J., Gilks, Charles F., Hakkarainen, Kati, Ranki, Annamari, Bartholomew, Courtenay, Edwards, Jeffrey, Tosteson, Anna N. A., and Magnusson, Mogens

Abstract

Skin tests with 0.1 mL of intermediate-strength Mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative (PPD) and 0.1 mL of Mycobacterium avium sensitin were conducted on 484 healthy subjects from diverse geographic sites. Reactions of ⩾5 mm to one antigen that exceeded the reaction to the other by ⩾3 mm were considered M. avium- or PPD-dominant. PPD-dominant reactions were more frequent at sites where routine Bacille Calmette-Guérin immunization is done or where there are high rates of tuberculosis: New Hampshire, 2%; Boston, 7%; Finland, 14%; Trinidad, 26%; and Kenya, 28%. However, rates of M. avium-dominant reactions ranged from 7% to 12% at all sites. Analysis of dominant reactions based on a more stringent 10-mm minimum reaction size showed similar trends. These data suggest that exposure to MAC is similar in developed and developing countries but that broad mycobacterial immunity is greater in developing countries and may contribute to the lower rates of disseminated MAC infections in AIDS in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1993
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17. Brain Tumor Imaging.

Author

Brindle KM, Izquierdo-García JL, Lewis DY, Mair RJ, and Wright AJ

Subjects
Biopsy, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Neoplasm Grading, Positron-Emission Tomography, Brain Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Neuroimaging methods
Abstract

Modern imaging techniques, particularly functional imaging techniques that interrogate some specific aspect of underlying tumor biology, have enormous potential in neuro-oncology for disease detection, grading, and tumor delineation to guide biopsy and resection; monitoring treatment response; and targeting radiotherapy. This brief review considers the role of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, and positron emission tomography in these areas and discusses the factors that limit translation of new techniques to the clinic, in particular, the cost and difficulties associated with validation in multicenter clinical trials.

Published
2017
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